The Horse Report October 2011

EDITION 68 OCT/NOV 2011 Distributing 14,000 copies in selected stores Australia Wide FREE BI-MONTHLY * * * * * * * *

Stud & Breeding feature Mare Abortions & Caterpillars Feeding the performance horse Head Shaking Boosting Immunity EQUITANA Australian Showjumping Champs Insects & Disease

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The Horse Report

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The Horse Report Back for Summer

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Page 3

The Horse Report

Reduce summer threats from insects Every summer, thousands of horses around Australia are affected by annoying insects and the diseases they carry.

Owners have continually searched for ways to protect their horses and help prevent disease and itch problems.

Now, there is a better way to help your horse.

Insects & Disease Apart from being annoying and upsetting to your horse, some insects can pose a health threat as well.

Many horses become allergic to saliva in the insect bite, causing extreme itching and irritation.

This is commonly known as Queensland Itch or Sweet Itch.

Mosquitoes can also transmit a myriad of diseases including Ross River and the Kunjin-West Nile Viruses that can cause severe physiological and neurological problems.

Sandfly/midge bites have now also been linked to Leishmaniasis disease.

As a worldwide problem, this disease is potentially fatal and is

caused by the Leishmania parasite being transmitted to the host when the insect feeds.

It has so far been detected in mammals and macropods in Australia.

Research is currently being car-

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ried out to help stop further transmission of the disease Australia wide.

Utilising Technology Advancements in textile technology have progressed to allow insect repellents to be bonded to fabric fibres.

Initially, inexpensive spray-on treatments were used but these treatments do not last long term and can cause chemical overdoses or contamination of streams and waterways during the first few exposures of the fabric to water.

To find a solution to this, Insect Shield® found a way to use a patented binder process to deeply impregnate the fabric fibres with permethrin - one of the most effective natural insect repellents.

This ensures a long-lasting, odourless and colourless barrier against many common insects.

Until now, it has most commonly been used in military clothing, but after many years of research, this technology is now being applied to horsewear.

How does this work?

Permethrin impregnated fabrics work on insects in two different ways.

Some insects are repelled by the fabric and won't come near it.

Others will come into contact with the fabric but in doing so receive a lethal dose of permethrin.

The permethrin disorientates them very quickly and interferes with their neurological system, stopping them from biting, blood sucking or feeding.

A repellent-treated textile is thoroughly tested using knockdown testing - a widely accepted methodology for determining the efficacy of insect repellent-treated textile products.

Insect Shield® treated product is the only horsewear approved by the EPA and World Health Organisation in Australia.

Insects will also look for ways to bite around or under the fabric.

These issues are largely eliminated with Insect Shield® treated horsewear.

Another advantage of this technology is that the repellency is long lasting - no more twice daily applications.

This convenience factor can be significant for many horse owners, not to mention the cost saving on topical sprays and creams.

Insect Shield® protection is also odourless, so does not upset the horse's acute sense of smell.

Unlike traditional insect repellents, the repellency is near the horse's skin, instead of on it, which can help alleviate concerns about overuse, overdose or misuse of insect repellent.

Prevention Reducing mosquito and other insect populations in and around your horse's environment and trying to prevent your horse from being exposed to biting & blood sucking adult insects is the most important steps you can take.

In addition, stabling during the highest insect activity time being both dusk and dawn - is a valuable strategy.

You can also take advantage of these latest advancements in horsewear by choosing to cover your horse with insect resistant horsewear.

Wild Horse Australia utilise Insect Shield® in their Insect Repellent Range and they are the exclusive distributors of Insect Shield® treated horsewear here in Australia.

Supplied by Wild Horse Australia

Benefits The issue with most horsewear is that it only provides a form of physical barrier between your horse and the insect.

Many horse rugs profess to be anti bug, anti itch or insect free but insects are still capable of biting through most standard fabrics.

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The Horse Report

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Page 5

The Horse Report

Sydney counts down to EQUITANA start Melbourne may be home to ‘the race that stops a nation’ but this year, when it comes to horse shows, Sydney will be first past the finishing post.

For the first time, the Harbour City will host EQUITANA, the biggest annual equine event of its kind in the Southern Hemisphere.

From November 10 to 13, the Sydney Showgrounds at Homebush will be transformed as EQUITANA offers four days of everything equine featuring horses, Olympic gold medallists, world renowned educators, Aussie cowboys, an elite equine competition program and over 350 trade exhibitors.

It is as much an event for horse owners and it is for those who just love horses with education workshops and seminars, demonstrations and clinics, an extensive competition program featuring the Equestrian

EQUITANA will be held in Sydney for the very first time in November

Australia Grand Final, a world class competition in dressage, jumping and exhibition eventing, finals in cutting, reining and campdrafting, Western Pleasure, mounted games, carriage driving and demonstrations of outstanding horsemanship.

A diverse entertainment program has been assembled incorporating music and action in a purpose built 5000 seat arena.

EQUITANA is so much more than just a horse show, it’s about showing off all aspects of the equine world.

For details, visit www.equitana.com.au

What’s on in the arenas at Equitana?

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 10 Dome indoor arena: Cutting Masterclass with Bobby Ingersoll - 9.30am - 10.15am EQUITANA Australia Open - Cutting Championships - 10.30am - 1.30pm Horsemanship Clinic with Stacy Westfall - 3:00pm - 6:00pm EQUITANA Australia Open - Reining Championships - 7:30pm - 10:30pm Outdoor arena: Arabian Showcase Mounted Games Polocrosse Game FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 11 Dome indoor arena: CDI-W Dressage Grand Prix - 9.30am - 12.30pm The Way Of The Horse Challenge Part I (presented by Hawkesbury River Saddlery Co.) - 2.00pm 3.30pm Equestrian Grand Final - Jumping Grand Prix and Zilco Four In-Hand Driving Challenge - 7:30pm - 10:30pm Outdoor arena: Show Horse Championships Mounted Games Competition Mitavite Barrel Racing Horseball Game Polocrosse Game SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 12 Dome indoor arena: Dressage Clinic with Edward Gal and

Hans Peter Minderhoud - 9:30am 12:30pm The Way Of The Horse Challenge Part II. (presented by Hawkesbury River Saddlery Co.) - 1.30pm 3.00pm Trick Riding Championships - 4.00pm - 5.30pm Equestrian Grand Final - Dressage Grand Prix (Freestyle) - 7:30pm 10:30pm Outdoor arena: Obstathon Singles Driving Competition Horseball Game Australian Light Horse Demonstration Campdrafting Masterclass EQUITANA Australia Open Campdrafting Championships SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 13 Dome indoor arena: The Way Of The Horse Challenge Final (presented by Hawkesbury River Saddlery Co.) - 9.30am - 12.30pm Vaulting Freestyle Finals - 1.30pm 2.30pm Trick Riding Championships Freestyle Finals - 3.00pm - 4.00pm Outdoor arena: Obstathon Pairs Driving Competition Boyd Exell Driving Masterclass Mounted Games Final Equestrian Grand Final - Exhibition Eventing and Jump and Drive Competition

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The Horse Report

Stud & Breeding Feature

Caterpillars pose an equine danger Supplied by Equivet Australia Reproductive loss is a major cause of concern for all horse breeders, especially the thoroughbred industry where abortions can cause up to 10% of losses annually.

In the absence of other established causes such as Equine Herpes Virus, breeders and researchers in Australia have been searching for answers to this problem.

During 2004 in the Hunter Valley, a consistent pattern of abortions emerged.

This became known as Equine Amnionitis and Foetal Loss (EAFL) and comparisons with the syndrome identified in Kentucky as Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome (MRLS) were made.

In 2006, the principals of Equivet Australia, Max Wilson and Robyn Woodward, visited Lexington in Kentucky on the way to the UK for the breeding season.

They found Lexington to be the American home of the thoroughbred, where there are over 450 studs within a 40km radius of Lexington and almost 20,000 mares being bred annually.

The area is serviced primarily by two huge veterinary practices, each employing almost 50 veterinarians and 200 lay staff during the breeding season.

Stud principals from the area combined with the Gluck Research Centre to compile a data base of information about the problem of Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome (MRLS) which they attribute to caterpillars.

These findings have been made available to Equivet Australia.

The Kentucky findings were:  Mares that aborted (and no other cause was established) were in areas where Malacosoma Americanum (Eastern Tent Caterpillar) is found.  There are two syndromes Early Foetal Loss (EFL) at 15 - 45 days and Late Foetal Loss (LFL) at 9 - 10 months  Time from access to caterpillars to abortion is 8 - 13 days for EFL or 3-15 days for LFL. The latest Australian research found that in the Hunter Valley, mares often grazed on native pastures in areas populated with trees that provide a habitat for caterpillars.

Initial investigations in 2004

showed that the abortion outbreak occurred in late March to May coinciding with the time when processionary caterpillars move from the trees.

During 2005/2006, studies at the University of Queensland showed that exposure to preparations made from the processionary caterpillars (or their shed exoskeletons) were responsible for causing pregnancy loss in the mare or deficits in the newborn foal.

Shed exoskeletons accumulate in the nests as the caterpillars pupate.

When the caterpillars leave the nest to migrate, the nest frequently disintegrates and falls onto the ground. See Fig.1.

Fig 1

The exoskeleton is light and fragile and as it falls can easily drift onto surrounding pasture where it can be picked up by grazing horses.

The results of this Queensland study indicate that the barbed fragments of the exoskeleton may penetrate the intestinal wall and allow bacteria into the bloodstream thereby causing infection of the placenta and subsequent abortion.

Caterpillar Facts:  Processionary caterpillars Ochrogaster lunifer (processionary caterpillar) and Leptocneria reducta (white cedar moth caterpillar) - have been found in large numbers on many broodmare farms in southern Queensland and northern NSW. The natural hosts of the caterpillars are eucalypt and acacia species, including the mountain coolibah, white box, white cedar, and wattles commonly found in eastern Australia.

Late summer / autumn is the season when the caterpillar nests can be seen hanging in the trees as a silken bag. See Fig. 2.

Fig 2

A caterpillar colony can con-

sume the foliage from an entire tree before moving, however the defoliated tree usually recovers  The caterpillars are grey & hairy with a brown head. See Fig. 3.

Fig 3

 When the caterpillars emerge from the nest & go looking for a new host tree they can form a procession of up to 100 caterpillars on the ground and travel long distances. See Fig. 4.

Fig 4

 Caterpillar exposure is more likely in times of drought when mares resort to grazing areas under trees as feed becomes scarce.  Exposure to hairy caterpillars can cause an intense allergic reaction in humans resulting in quite severe skin rashes.

In properties where abortions have occurred it has been reported that some horses grazing under trees populated with caterpillars displayed skin reactions, however not all mares that aborted showed detectible abnormalities.

Preventive Methods There is some evidence that when mares are known to be in contact with caterpillars giving blanket treatment with antibiotics on a regular basis throughout the pregnancy may be effective in preventing abortion due to infection.

However this method would be both time consuming and very expensive.

Another method would be to inject the infected trees with systemic insecticides to kill the caterpillars eggs.

This would not be effective unless there is rainfall and the sap is running in the trees, and again the cost and doubtful effi-

cacy would suggest that alternatives would be preferable.

In some cases insecticides can be sprayed on to foliage, which will make direct contact with the caterpillars and cause them to die.

Recommendations  Remove mares away from pastures where known caterpillar habitat trees are present, or leave a large margin when fencing off areas with affected trees.  Any supplementary feeding of mares should be done away from trees using elevated feeders to reduce the risk of contamination.  Remove caterpillar nests from the trees in February/March before the caterpillars leave the nests and dispose of them immediately or the caterpillars may burrow into the ground and disappear. A cherry picker can be used for this purpose if the trees are tall, but cost may be prohibitive.  Replace the trees with others that are not the natural food of the caterpillars.  Bright lights can be used to attract the moths to bug zappers before they turn into caterpillars.

The Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC) support disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment as well as animal breeding and genetics.

If you are interested in on going research into the control of caterpillars on farm, please contact Dr Judy Cawdell-Smith on j.cawdellsmith@uq.edu.au or 0418-631646

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Page 7

Stud & Breeding Feature

The Horse Report

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Stud & Breeding Feature

The Horse Report HIGH STREET GYPSY COBS High Street Gypsy Cobs are located in the lush, green hills of the Northern Rivers, NSW, Australia and are breeders of Gypsy Cobs and Drum Horses.

They are the home to The Horse Shoe Stallion and the first ever full bred Dick Smith filly to be exported from the UK, as well as some of the the finest Gypsy Cobs in Australia, NZ and worldwide. They import from the best lines around the world, including Davey Ward’s Black Stallion UK, The Horseshoe Mare, The Pitter Horse, Davey Wards Black and White Stallion UK, The Squaw UK, The Teddy Mare UK, The Checkity Horse, Thunder NED, The Spider Mare UK and more. Gypsy Cobs come in vast range of colours, have heavy feather, strong, flat bone, sweet head ,and best of all, the calmest nature, making them a safe and trustworthy family horse.

High Street Gypsy Cob Stud has set out to find the best horses to bring home to Australia and be part of an exciting time in history for The Gypsy Cobs in this country. The quality of these horses is without parallel, and the bloodlines they are importing are new to Australia, all are 100% DNA proven. They offer several stallion at public stud but to limited approved mares.

For further information visit www.highstreetgypsycobs.com or ph 0433 453 998

SOVEREIGN LAD

- Paint (PHAA 7133) Sovereign Lad is an eight-year-old, 15 hh Palomino Overo Paint. He is a very athletic good minded

stallion that has good hooves and lots of bone. He is a proven colour producer, having sired a variety of coloured foals, ranging from overo patterns, baldy faces & white stockings, blue eyes, & palominos.

Sovereign Lad was purchased by Janice Lancaster because of his super quiet nature for breeding with her sprint bred mares, to produce a fast and flashy barrel race prospect. With bloodlines going back to Gold Money Bars and C-Notes Playboy, Sovereign Lad is sure to produce very versatile offspring, whether it be for the show ring, campdraft arena, sporting, or barrel racing. You will be sure to stand out from the crowd.

For further information Ph: 0439 375 260 or email: Janice@whoa2go.com.au

MAKERS MARK - Grey, Arabian Stallion: 12-yrs- old and stands a true 15.2hh. Makers Mark is a multi supreme Champion stallion who is breeding supreme champion progeny. Mark was top 10 Australian Champion under saddle. He is by the United States stallion, Fame Maker who in 1997 was named Australian Champion Stallion. His dam also imported from the USA, is Karmaa, herself a multi champion mare. Makers Mark's progeny all display lovely above ground movement and excellent temperaments. They inherit their sire’s smooth body and good straight legs. Makers Mark stands at stud in Northern NSW for $1250, LFG. For information contact Karen Hodges on 02 6676 6372

HIGH STREET GYPSY COBS

Gypsy Cobs, Drum Horses, Irish Tinkers, Gypsy Vanners, Romany Horses, Irish Cobs

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Page 9

Stud & Breeding Feature

The Horse Report TUFFROCK FOAL PLUS Foal Plus is a powerful volcanic liquid digestive aid that supports normal gut action during periods of gastric challenges.

Foal Plus has NIL withholds and contains no drugs, chemical, antibiotics, probiotics, enzymes or heavy minerals.

It is generally regarded that a number of foals or older horses suffer from scours or diarrhoea. This may be caused by nutritional upsets; changes in mares milk after birth; change in feed or water; viruses such as rotavirus; pathogenic bacteria such as e colli; or protozoa such as cryptosporidium and coccidiosis.

These situations can result in gastric disturbances and upset normal bowel functions.

Foal Plus complements natural development; supports digestion of mare's milk and helps maintain normal physiology during growth phases or environmental changes.

Foal Plus has no added flavors, is quite bland, and foals find it very, very palatable.

This means low stress plus less cost because Foal Plus is easily applied by syringe over tongue.

TESTIMONIAL - Dr Mark Wylie - Gundy Veterinary Sevice I have been working with Foal Plus over the last three years in the Hunter Valley. Initially during the trial phase and subsequently during the last two breeding seasons and find this product consistently good for foals.

Of particular relevance is the fact we have a number of very intensive breeding situations in the Hunter Valley and that foals find Foal Plus to be extremely palatable. I have received numerous reports in some cases foals very much enjoy the treatment. This combined with the ability to deliver orally by syringe in the paddock has many benefits. The stress reduction (compared to tubing) is significant and it means Foal Plus is very simple yet effective.

I have also had occasion to use Foal Plus in some cases during yearling preparation and received similar positive results.

Foal Plus is available from your local veterinarian and selected retail outlets

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Stud & Breeding Feature

The Horse Report

Advantages of Embryo Transfer Embryo transfer is becoming increasingly popular as a tool in equine reproduction, with many owners of high performance mares using this as their preferred breeding option.

ADVANTAGES OF EMBRYO TRANSFER TECHNIQUES A) Allows young performance mares to produce foals from as young as two years of age while continuing to perform.

B) Allows production of foals from older sub-fertile or unsound mares or mares with a history of pregnancy loss (resorption or abortion). In reality these mares are not ideal donors, as embryo recovery can be as low as 20% per cycle especially in aged mares. The quality of the unfertilized egg determines the quality of the embryo. As with any aged female mammal, there are a higher percentage of less viable eggs than when they were younger.

C) If a mare foals late in the season (e.g. January or February), embryo transfer can be used to harvest the breeding potential of the mare and enable the mare to start early in the following season.

D) Allows production of more than one foal per mare per year.

It is feasible for mares to produce up to several foals in a season, although some breed societies have restricted registered offspring to one per mare per season.

THE PROCEDURE The donor mare must be synchronised with a suitable recipient mare. The recipient should be a maiden or a highly fertile proven foal producer of less than ten (10) years of age. The recipient must be synchronised to ovulate at a certain time after the donor. This requires synchronisation of several recipients to ensure that at least one will be suitable. An embryo transfer breeding centre generally keeps a herd of recipient mares for this purpose.

Recovering the Embryo Embryos are not guaranteed with every flush. The international standard success rate is 2 cycles per embryo retrieved in reproductively normal mares given

good semen. Of course, some mares occasionally or consistently have double ovulations that occur at the same time and these cycles can produce 2 embryos per flush.

A product of equine pituitary extract can enable a large number of embryos to be collected from some donor mares, but it is not available in Australia. It does not stimulate the ovaries of every mare, and may affect the cycling behaviour of some mares after its use. (Mares have "inside out" ovaries compared with women, ewes, cows and bitches, so this contributes to the difficulty of inducing multiple embryos.)

Embryo recovery rates depend on the fertility of the mare and the quality of semen.

mones.

B) The donor conceives on her first service.

C) An embryo is recovered, transfer is successful and the embryo implants into the recipient.

D) The recipient mare is in foal at seven (7) days post transfer and can go home before final testing.

Australia's first vitrified frozen embryo foal with veterinarian Dr Robyn Woodward at the Equine Breeding Centre of Equivet Australia in Southbrook, Queensland Frosty - - Branigan's Pride R.I.D. (Ire) - Maganey

inner cell mass Blastocoele cavity Trophoblast

Embryo at 7 days Capsules

RESULTS Diagram of flushing procedure If the donor mare is reasonably fertile & the semen from the stallion is strong, you can expect:

A) At least 75% of normal donor mares with fair to good semen to conceive.

B) Embryo recovery to be successful in approximately 75% of cases.

C) Assuming a normal embryo is recovered, transfer to the recipi5HSURGXFWLRQ 5HSURGXFWLRQ ent should be successful in (PEU\R &ROOHFWLRQ 7UDQVIHU $UWLILFLDO ,QVHPLQDWLRQ XVLQJ FKLOOHG approximately 80% of cases.

IUR]HQ VHPHQ /LYH LQ YHWHULQDULDQV SURYLGH KRXU IRDOLQJ VXSHUYLVLRQ The donor mare should be

scanned to determine the opti6WDOOLRQ 6WDWLRQ 6WDOOLRQ 6WDWLRQ mum time of service and can then 6HPHQ FROOHFWLRQ HYDOXDWLRQ IUHH]LQJ VWRUDJH GLVWULEXWLRQ

be served naturally or inseminat5HJLVWHUHG 4XDUDQWLQH )DFLOLW\ 5HJLVWHUHG 4XDUDQWLQH )DFLOLW\ ed with fresh, chilled or frozen semen. Fertilisation should occur $4,6 DSSURYHG FHQWUH IRU H[SRUWLQJ KRUVHV DQG RU VHPHQ and the fertilised egg will remain *HQHUDO 3UDFWLFH *HQHUDO 3UDFWLFH in the oviduct for six (6) days x /DPHQHVV GLDJQRVLV PDQDJHPHQW before descending into the XVLQJ GLJLWDO UDGLRJUDSK\ XOWUDVRXQG uterus. It can then be flushed x &KLURSUDFWLF PDQLSXODWLRQ from the uterus (usually on day 6 x /DERUDWRU\ IDFLOLWLHV ½ to day 8) and transferred x (TXLQH GHQWLVWU\ immediately into the recipient, x 9LGHR HQGRVFRS\ non-surgically (similar to artificial insemination).

6HUYLFLQJ WKH 'DUOLQJ 'RZQV DQG 6XUURXQGLQJ $UHDV 6HUYLFLQJ WKH 'DUOLQJ 'RZQV DQG 6XUURXQGLQJ $UHDV The recipient mare can be examined by ultrasound for pregnancy -LPQD 6SULQJV 5RDG 6RXWKEURRN on day 14 (seven days after trans fer of the embryo).

3K RU )D[ The overall cost per successful (PDLO HQTXLULHV#HTXLYHWDXVWUDOLD FRP forty-five day pregnancy test ZZZ HTXLYHWDXVWUDOLD FRP depends upon the following fac tors: 0D[ :LOVRQ %96F +RQV 0$&96F 05&96 5RE\Q :RRGZDUG %96F 096F 05&96 A) The donor and recipient are 6XVDQQH %UXQGHOO %96F +RQV

*UDHPH 0F/HRG %96F % $J 6F +RQV

easily and quickly synchronised $QJLH 'RXGOH %96F &HOLD 'RGG %6F %96F +RQV

without use of expensive hor-

(48,9(7 $8675$/,$ (TXLQH 5HSURGXFWLRQ *HQHUDO 3UDFWLFH

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Page 11

The Horse Report

Understanding what you see in your horse’s wee

By DAVID LOVELL BVSc Redlands Veterinary Clinic Nothing fascinates horse owners more than the colour of their horse's wee and yes, the colour, quantity and character of the urine is very important.

Understanding what you are seeing is not quite so simple.

The true facts of the matter are that primary kidney and urinary tract disease in the horse fortunately is very rare.

What we are seeing is almost always indicative of the function and normality of other body systems and an understanding of this is important to all horse owners.

The kidney is an extremely important organ in all animals because it serves a critical function in the excretion of waste products from the body.

If these toxic materials are not eliminated from the body, they

build up and poison the system.

Normal functioning kidneys are very important in the control and balance of the body electrolyte levels and nature has devised very intricate and complicated inbuilt control mechanisms to ensure these critical elements are kept within optimum levels.

Horses primarily are grass, forage and grain eaters as opposed to other animals that have much higher protein diets and this is the reason that true kidney disease is relatively rare in the horse as it is protein breakdown chemicals that damage the kidneys.

The horse's diet, however, has very high quantities of minerals, salts, and ash materials and excess quantities of these agents are primarily excreted via the kidneys.

For excretion to occur, the different chemicals have to be dissolved in solution for them to filter out of the body and it is this

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FREE REPORT:

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Full Service Equine Clinic - It’s all about your horse Page 12

requirement for solubility that is responsible for the vast majority of so called kidney disease we see in the horse.

Two key factors are necessary for solution.

One is sufficient volume of fluid and the other is the pH or acidity of the urine.

Obviously if the horse is dehydrated or down in total body water, the quantity of fluid to dissolve the salts is deficient and they can accumulate in the kidney tubules and bladder.

Also, the normal horse’s urine is quite alkaline (a function of the natural forage diet) and some of the salts require a more acid environment for solubility.

Once again, excess mineral materials can build up in the kidneys and `clog’ the tubules.

This situation occurs very commonly in horses, particularly those on high grain or pellet diets, and the outcome of this is what we see as perceived kidney disease.

Such horses are seen to stretch out, strain, and pass small quantities of urine, often being very thickened and displaying varying discolorations.

Horses exhibiting such symptoms should have their diet and work programs evaluated.

Management attention to relative factors is important as well as providing proprietary kidney function mixtures and ensuring the horse is drinking.

The problem is usually easily resolved.

Myoglobinuria is also a not uncommon condition of the urinary tract.

True myoglobinuria results from a horse `tying-up’ which is a severe muscle disease from exertion where there is a lot of muscle damage and breakdown releasing myoglobin which is a muscle protein.

This substance is excreted via the kidneys and causes a red or port wine discolouration. Horses that have severe muscle exertion, but not necessarily tyingup can also have considerable muscle damage and these waste products can cause extra load on the kidneys.

In these cases, urinary alkalising agents such as products contain-

ing sodium acid citrate are commonly given.

There are some serious primary diseases.

One the more common would be calculi or `stones'. These vary from very big single stones down to many smaller ones.

Bigger ones are more common in females and the smaller ones seem more common in males.

Signs include straining, small amounts often, blood, incontinence and staining the legs.

Proper veterinary examination is required.

Cystitis, or bladder inflammation occurs. This is rarely a primary bacterial problem, more often simply irritation of the bladder wall from high contents on insoluble crystals and mineral matter. Tumours are very rare.

Actual kidney disease itself is quite rare and most commonly occurs as a complication of severe endo-toxaemia and dehydration.

A number of chemicals and plant poisonings can severely affect the kidney but these are not common.

There are some bacteria that can cause primary kidney disease, more often in younger animals and foals.

Ruptured bladder in foals is relatively common due to trauma during the birthing process. `Urine pooling’ in mares is relatively common and can be a cause of infertility.

It occurs, often after several foals or when the mare gets older and the floor of the vagina sinks due to stretching.

Some of the urine when voiding actually runs forward and pools on the floor of the anterior vagina resulting in inflammation and irritation. `Stall Wetters’, or more correctly polyuria/polydyspia, can be very frustrating and difficult to treat.

Once again, this is rarely a medical condition although there are a couple of diseases such as diabetes and Cushings disease that have to be considered.

More often than not this is a behavioural problem and usually results from some form of stress to the horse. Each case has to be carefully evaluated and assessed.

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The Horse Report

Boosting immunity through acupuncture

By NAOMI MILLER Dip Eq Acu With Hendra Virus looming as a worrying threat, now is the time to do all that we can to strengthen our horses' immune systems.

A strong immune response helps to prevent illnesses such as bacterial and viral infections.

One of the world's ancient systems of medicine, Chinese medicine, can be used to good effect here.

Where's the evidence?

Clinical research on animals and humans has shown acupuncture's potential to affect the immunological system.

The World Health Organisation has recognised this research and lists 'immune system tonification' along with 40 conditions for which acupuncture may be used.

The US National Institutes of Health (NIH) formed a Consensus Development Panel on Acupuncture (1997) to review the findings of hundreds of randomised controlled trials. The panel concluded that acupuncture was useful with a range of conditions and that there was

The use of acupuncture can help boost a horse’s immunity against infections evidence of alterations to immune functions.

Although most of these trials dealt with human patients, their data often came from animal experimentation, and the treatable conditions listed are the same conditions for which acupuncture is used to treat animals.

The panel also found that many studies on animals and humans showed that acupuncture could cause multiple biological responses.

By stimulating the central nervous system and its pathways, acupuncture can affect various

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For example, the NIH panel found 'considerable evidence' that opioid peptides are released during acupuncture.

Opioid peptides are short sequences of amino acids that are produced by the neuroendocrine system, and there is evidence that they are linked with the immune system.

One type of opioid peptide, endorphins, has been shown to have many effects on immune function.

Acupuncture is known to trigger the production of endorphins; this mechanism was reported in 1999 after clinical research.

Findings such as these provide scientific evidence of the effect of acupuncture on the immune response.

It's all about balance: an Eastern view of health.

Although Chinese medicine is a coherent system that has been modified over many years of clinical observation, its philosophy comes from a culture different to ours.

This can make its views on health seem quite foreign.

For example, Chinese medicine doesn't refer to the term 'immune system' rather, it talks about a series of body systems that work cooperatively to maintain balance in body and mind.

Being a holistic system, Chinese medicine integrates all parts of the being (physical, mental, emotional and physical) and operates on the assumption that all of the body's systems ultimately affect one another.

Naomi Miller

Dip Eq Ac & OT; EMRT Pract; Cert IV BT; B Bus.

m. 0488 118 155 e. naomi@equinoxbalance.com.au

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Page 13

The Horse Report

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The Horse Report

Feeding for performance All horses need to be fed correctly so they can maintain their well being and perform to the level needed, whether they are Grand Prix showjumpers or a pony used for pony club on the week-ends.

Feeding performance horses encompasses a range of needs depending on the type of competition and the make up of the horse.

Sport and leisure horses need a combination of power and endurance and the ratio of starch, sugar, oil and the types of fibre fed, depends on the discipline and makeup of the horse..

Ideally, an endurance horse is fed a predominantly oil and fibre ration with a low starch nutrient balancer such as Mitavite Promita.

Eventers require equivalent amounts of endurance and power and this can be found in Mitavite Economix Active or Mitavite ProSport, while pony club horses need a ration to maintain condition, keeping starch and oil at moderate levels.

Protein and amino acids are the 'building blocks' that play a role in the building and restoring of muscle..

Optimal levels of protein and essential amino acids need to be fed during all stages of work for the performance horse.

When feeding protein, feed it in a highly digestible form (steam-extruded), at the correct amount (calculate the total amount fed in grams, don't just look at the per-

centage of the concentrate) and feed the correct level of amino acids.

Mitavite feeds provide the optimal amount of nutrients.

Optimum, not maximum or minimum levels of nutrients need to be fed.

Providing minerals that are chelated and vitamins in their natural form increases bioavailability and absorption and these are found in Mitavite feeds.

Electrolytes are needed for correct fluid balance in the horse.

They are chemically charged and send electrical messages to different parts of the body such as the brain, nervous system and muscles.

Not feeding enough electrolytes or feeding too many electrolytes can have severe consequences.

Mitavite feeds contain serious levels of electrolytes and are adequate for performance horses under normal conditions.

Good quality forage (pasture, hay, haylage and chaff) needs to be fed with any concentrate.

Good quality roughage should be free of mould, does not contain poisonous or harmful weeds or pastures, has a pleasant sweet smell and is free from dust.

An ideal mix of roughage is 30-40% legumes and 60-70% grasses or cereal roughage.

Remember that roughage needs to make

up a good portion of the horse’s ration and a minimum of 1-1.5% of their bodyweight should be fed as roughage, this includes the amount the horse eats at pasture.

Mitavite take the guess work out of feeding by meeting the nutritional needs of the performance horse with feeds that meet their changing needs.

Knowing the correct nutrients are fed to your horse allows the horse to perform to an expected level, giving you confidence in the product so you can concentrate on training and enjoying your horse.

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Page 15

The Horse Report

Barefoot or shod - a tough question

By ANDREW O'BRIEN Master Farrier Barefoot verses shod - this question is put to me often.

There are a number of factors which will determine whether your horse should be shod or remain barefoot: The genetics and breed of the horse  The conformation and structure of the hoof The surface on which a horse is worked and frequency of riding  For what purpose the horse is going to be used These factors all influence the wear of the foot and will affect the decisions as to whether the horse can remain barefoot.

The structure of the hoof is usually the determining factor.

Maintaining the horse barefoot is best accomplished when the hoof wall is thick and solid, there is good sole depth to protect the internal structure and the digital cushion is of good mass.

This is not always the case in certain breeds or individual horses.

In the history of breeding horses, hoof quality is not always the priority.

For example Thoroughbreds have been bred for speed, Quarterhorses for size or colour, etc.

The hooves on some of these breeds are not designed structurally to withstand a lot of riding over hard or abrasive surfaces.

Simply put, hoof wear exceeds the hoof growth and the horse becomes sensitive.

Hoof hardness is also a contributing factor.

Going barefoot is easier when the horse is kept in a drier climate with below average to average rainfall.

The hooves stay dry and hard and therefore don't wear as quickly whereas horses that are kept in higher rainfall areas are subject to softer feet that wear more easily.

Forming rocky or hard wearing surfaces around water troughs

and along main walking or standing areas and eliminating wet areas helps maintain hoof integrity.

The need for traction on different ground surfaces can dictate your choice between barefoot or shod.

Shoes themselves can act as a traction device as well as provide more cup or concavity to the foot.

I've had clients that have tried both barefoot and shod and the majority feel their horse gets more traction with shoes than without.

These are mostly horses that perform at speed - barrel racing, campdrafters, cutters etc.

There have also been several that feel their horse copes better barefoot.

For traction I think it depends on the individual horse, the surface you're performing on and the discipline you undertake.

Therapeutic shoeing generally forms part of or sometimes the entire treatment for lameness.

Lameness results from repetitive stress or overload to structures

within the hoof capsule or the hoof itself.

Shoes can be used to change the forces or stress on a structure within the hoof capsule and unloading damaged areas of the foot and are used to realign the pedal/coffin bone in the case of laminitis.

They provide continuity of the hoof capsule after resection in white line disease, stabilise hoof cracks and coffin bone fractures.

They also provide protection following puncture wounds or foot surgery.

In summary, listen to your horse.

They will let you know if shoes are needed or not.

If your horse is not stepping out with confidence it may be time to talk about options with your farrier.

I'm of the belief that if the horse doesn't need the shoes then why shoe them.

In most cases horses should be shod every four to six weeks, anything over this can be detrimental to the foot.

This also applies to the barefoot horse.

Master Farrier Andrew O’Brien Andrew completed his apprenticeship in 1994 and now lives with his family on their property in Uki. He works in the Tweed Valley as a full-time Master Farrier and has over twenty years experience.

Andrew is passionate about his trade and is commited to continually improving his knowledge and skills through clinics and competitions.

He would like to thank his clients for their support and well wishes during his recent absence from work due to a knee injury. After a successful rehabilitation Andrew is now back to full-time work. .

For bookings or enquiries Andrew can be contacted on 0408 796 176 Page 16

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The Horse Report

Hygiene protocols help combat diseases

By Dr. FRANCIS CONDON B.Sc. (Hons), B.V.Sc. (Hons), M.A.C.V.S. (Equine Surgery) (Director Tableland Veterinary Service P/L) There has been a growing interest in emerging diseases in both medicine and veterinary science.

Some of the great disease outbreaks of the 20th century were 'emerging' diseases.

Examples of emerging diseases include the `Spanish Flu’ influenza pandemic of the early 20th century (birds) and more recently the ongoing HIV/AIDS pandemic (primates) and the swine origin H1N1 influenza outbreak of recent years.

Recently there has been a great deal of attention on Hendra Virus and it's transmission from flying foxes to horses to humans (in that order).

Veterinarians and animal producers have to be aware of emerging diseases because of the risk to personal safety and to animal production. But risks come not just from emerging diseases.

Emerging diseases should remind all of us of the importance of personal hygiene and hygiene within all animal productions enterprises.

Any area where animals are kept intensively (cattle yards, horse yards, sheep

Hygiene around livestock is crucial to prevent disease outbreaks yards, feedlots, stables, trucks, horse floats, dog cages, kennels, calf rearing pens) will act as an amplifier of disease, potentially allowing pathogens to multiply to dangerous levels.

These pathogens can be harmful to the animals, and can also flow over to affect human health.

In nearly all cases of disease outbreaks in these circumstances, the cause can be traced back (at some stage) to poor hygiene.

Whether it is the risks to human health and productivity, or the harmonization of Workplace Health and Safety laws throughout Australia (January 2012), it is becoming increasingly important to pay

close attention to hygiene protocols.

In our veterinary hospital we have simple protocols in place to keep disease outbreaks to a minimum.

Examples include wearing gloves for all consultations, regular hand washing and using disinfectants to clean stables and yards.

Dairy clients use gloves during milking, they may wash and dry the udder before placing cups on, and teats are sprayed with antiseptics after milking.

Farmers are encouraged to keep dairies very clean.

Mastitis outbreaks can be closely related to poor hygiene.

Calf rearing enterprises use disinfectants to minimise spread of pathogens.

All animal enterprises should use a good hygiene protocol.

This should include hand washing with antiseptic soap or alcohol-based washes, thorough cleaning and drying of facilities with, a good disinfectant.

A disinfectant is what is used on inanimate objects (yards, stables), and an antiseptic is used on biological tissue (hands, hair etc).

In some cases an antiseptic can also be a disinfectant. Your local veterinarians and suppliers will be able to give advice.

Whether you want advanced levels of Horsemanship for competition or just some Fun Windell school of riding maybe the place for you. Established in 1983 and located at Euleilah near Rosedale in Qld, the school takes on riders of all levels and guides them through from learning basic horse handling skills through to competition level including lateral movements using international standards and practices. Horses are taken in for breaking, training and re-education and the methods they use to train their horses are accepted world wide.

Beginner riders progress rapidly, safely enjoying a wide range of activities while developing their seat, balance, feel and control of the horse.

Windell have horses suited to all riders and the tasks asked of them and offer training facilities and horses for all disciplines from beginner to state competition level. Some of the facilities include a 20 x 60 dressage arena, showjumping and cross country course.

The school offer clinics on over 22 different subjects, holiday events or you can just come along and watch.

For further information call Jan on 07 4156 6219

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Page 17

The Horse Report

Page 18

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The Horse Report

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The Horse Report

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The Horse Report

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Page 21

Trainers feature

The Horse Report

Shoulder-in , the ‘WOW’ exercise y JOHN DOWNES

In this series on the dressage exercises I have talked about the turn on the forehand and the leg yield.

Now we are coming to the ‘WOW’ exercise of dressage - the shoulder-in.

Most riders are familiar with it but I will go over the how, why and whatever so as to give the experienced riders a reminder and the novices a glimpse of its potential.

The exercise in the form we know was invented about 270 years ago

by Francois de la Gueriniere.

Other riding masters including The Duke of Newcastle and Antoine de Pluvnel have also helped in the development of the exercise.

The importance of this exercise cannot be overstated.

When performed correctly the exercise can achieve so much.

The benefits of the shoulderinclude:  The straightening of the horse - the exercise brings the forehand of the horse in front of the hind quarters. It also straightens the horse by suppling the stiff side of the horse  Reinforces inside leg into outside rein (and subsequently the

half halt or parade)  The suppleness of the horse as it releases and strengthens the weak side of the horse. It also frees the shoulders and forearm of the horse through the crossing of the inside fore leg in front of the outside fore leg  Collection - the inside hind leg has to step forward and under the horse in this exercise. This movement causes the inside hip to lower and carry more weight thus causing the hind quarters to drop resulting in the elevation of the forehand  A precursor exercise to other collection exercises including renvers, travers, half pass and the pirouette.

As I said earlier on `WOW’ - this exercise certainly does a lot and is an immensely important stepping stone on the way to Grand Prix.

Now let's talk about how to execute this exercise.

It is normally preformed down the long side of the arena in trot.

So if we are doing shoulder-in right, the horse will be travelling clockwise around the arena.

He will have the hind quarters at right angles to the track, the hind legs tracking straight and the inside fore leg crossing in front of

the outside fore leg.

The rider should be sitting straight in the saddle, with hands close together and inside leg on the girth.

The rider's shoulders should be in alignment with the horse's shoulders and the rider's hips in line with the horse's hips.

The rider should be able to see the corner of the horse's inside eye.

The horse's outside hind leg will be on the outside track, the inside hind leg and outside foreleg on the middle track and the inside fore-leg on the third track.

The horse should be positioned at a 30 degree angle to the long side of the arena.

This movement is executed in trot for dressage tests.

In training it can also be executed in walk. (see diagram below).

John Downes - Success Riding Coach EFA NCAS Level 1 General Riding Instructor NJAS Show Horse Judge, Andalusian Judge Former QLD Dressage Squad Member Best performed Qld combination at NSW Dressage State Champs Winner QLD Inaugural Young Horse Class and many other champs

Dressage Specialist who will assist nervous beginners through to serious advanced competitors in Achieving the Winning Edge Available for private & group lessons, clinics and schools Horsemanship clinics Retraining / re-educating horse and rider combinations Will travel

Currently training some of Queensland’s most up and coming dressage talents Ph :John 0429 486 839 or Cheryl 0402 468 734 downesequestrian@bigpond.com

Page 22

Should it be done in canter?

There is debate about the performance of this exercise in canter as it can cause disruption of the canter's footfall sequence.

By maintaining a shallow angle and allowing the horse to drift towards the outside shoulder you will be riding a Plie which is similar to shoulder-in.

Initially the exercise is easier to execute out of a 10 metre volte circle or a corner.

I prefer trot initially as we have a little more energy to play with.

As I finish my volte, I bring the forehand off the track as though I'm starting another circle and then I continue down the long side of the arena.

(The bend and flexion of a 10

metre circle is exactly the bend and flexion needed for the shoulder-in).

Initially the horse may lose the long side and drift towards the centre line.

Do not panic and do not try to regain the long side by leg yielding back as this will destroy the shoulder-in.

Try to apply more outside rein or initially go for less angle so you end up doing shoulder-fore (15 degrees) rather than shoulderin(30 degrees).

A smaller degree of angle is easier initially for the horse to gain the concept of the exercise.

If you need to regain the long side, circle off and restart the exercise.

To complete the exercise straighten the horse at the end of the long side.

TIPS AND TRAPS  The horse must be on the aids  The horse's hind legs must not cross  Preform the exercise with equal bend and angle on both reins  A solid arena wall is a major aid in the initial training as it stops the horse from swinging the hind quarters out to avoid the engagement of the inside hind leg  Having a helper or pair of eyes on the ground to let you know when you have the correct flexion, angle and bend will make the learning process much easier  Overuse of the inside rein will cause the loss of the outside shoulder and over bending of the neck. Keep the outside rein contact steady and even so as to support the shoulder  Shoulder -in is a great way of creating the collection to change pace i.e. to slow a lengthened trot or canter or to prepare the horse for a halt with the hind legs well engaged.

Good luck and ride well.

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The Horse Report

Trainers feature

TANJA KRAUS HORSEMANSHIP Tanja Kraus Horsemanship is located in the Coffs Harbour region and aims to build better relationships between people and their horses. Tanja has been involved in the horse industry for over 20 years, a passion that has exposed her to multiple disciplines from traditional pony club as a child, dressage, hacking, western pleasure, team penning, ranch roping and horsemanship. Her main focus today is starting young horses and coaching students in their chosen field, though she can often be found at clinics, schools and events along the east coast. Tanja is available for individual or group lessons, takes on horses for starting or re-training, all in kindness, encouragement and reward.

For further information contact Tanja 0412 592 033 or email tanjajkraus@gmail.com.

EQUINE-ASSISTED LIFE COACHING To heal our complex lives, it will be the simple things that have the greatest effect. An understanding of body/mind medicine has led us to develop Holistequine Life Coachingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Whole Body Intelligence System - a method of transformational healing that bypasses the emotional/mental body and cuts straight to the core of the "problem" triggering a client's own innate power to heal. These "emotional" issues, when seen through the eyes of the horse as energy, are then reassessed, accepted and assimilated easily .and we can move on. Clients have said that â&#x20AC;&#x153;one session with the Holistequine Life Coaching horses is more beneficial than weeks of other forms of counselling and therapyâ&#x20AC;?.

E.A.L.C works at a deep vibrational level in a similar way to music and colour therapy. During a session, a client will see how to open their creative centres, understand why relationships are not working, see how to overcome problems such as depression, bullying, mental disorders and obesity etc and discover their inner potential - all through the love of the horse.

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Page 23

The Horse Report

Sodium toxicity and its link to head shaking

By KERRY MARSH (B.Ed., B.Ag.Sc.) As an equine nutritionist, using hair tissue analysis to determine mineral levels in horses, I have recently been inundated with horses suffering from sodium poisoning.

All of the affected horses exhibited varying degrees of head shaking and lack of co-ordination.

Once the salt was removed from their diets and essential mineral levels balanced, the horses significantly improved, some markedly so.

From my experience and research, there seems to be a correlation between sodium toxicity, mineral imbalance and head shaking.

Head shaking (HS) also known as head knocking or tapping can be mild or severe in affected horses.

For the purposes of this article I will be referring to horses that are so debilitated by the condition to the extent that they must be kept in confined spaces so as to not injure themselves and cannot be ridden.

Whilst teaching equine studies and having 40 years experience in the industry, I had only heard of the odd racehorse who exhibited such symptoms.

After asking the owners of the HS horses about the causes of HS such as ear infections, teeth, incorrectly fitted head gear, etc., I was told that obvious causes had been ruled out at the onset of the head shaking.

I was indeed curious and looking forward to running a hair profile on an affected horse.

I was interested enough to conduct some research but what I found missing from the research papers was that there was no mention of nutritional disorders or dietary factors being a contributing cause, except that a magnesium supplement may be of benefit.

SODIUM POISONING Horses have a reasonable tolerance to salt poisoning and can generally tolerate a large dietary ( weather and exercise taken into account) intake for short periods provided water consumption is adequate.

However, increased salt added to the diet on a regular basis is a recipe for disaster.

It must be mentioned that when adding salt to a horse's diet, the sodium content of the soil and water supply must be taken into Page 24

Sodium toxicity can have a direct correlation to head shaking in horses consideration.

Pre packed feeds and all manner of supplements that are currently on the market contain salt in varying degrees.

All this added together equals sodium excess and in the worst case sodium poisoning.

It must be stated that every horse has a different metabolism and some display mild symptoms and others severe symptoms.

Clinical signs include aimless wandering, head pressing, loss of appetite, thirst, circling, seizure like activity, jerking motion knuckling over at the rear fetlock, ulcers, gastric irritation, blindness - (Osweiler et al, 1976).

Photosensitivity may be related to vision problems in direct sunlight.

Ingestion of excess salt on a regular basis can lead to a condition called hypernatremia or more commonly known as sodium toxicosis.

This condition occurs in pigs, cows and horses with the same symptoms.

The toxic dose for pigs, cows and horses is approx 2.2gm/kg body weight - (Gupta, 2007) To simplify: "An increase in sodium concentration in the serum, sodium passively diffuses across the blood-brain barrier increasing the sodium concentration of the cerebral spinal fluid, cell shrinkage occurs resulting in a disrupted blood supply to the brain." - (Gupta, 2007) This allows water to move into the brain causing swelling and the development of various symptoms.

The head shaking seems to occur due to the swelling on the brain

and the discomfort that this causes Up to date I have dealt with 14 cases and all of their hair tissue profiles showed salt toxicity but differing levels of essential elements.

Eleven of the 14 cases had symptoms of joint pain and some were on veterinary medicines such as Pentosan(sodium polysulfate) which by the owners account made the HS worse.

Each horse's minerals levels varied due to the diets they were on so it is crucial to do a hair tissue analysis to determine which minerals will need to be supplemented.

At this stage, all of the affected horses ceased constant and debilitating head shaking once their minerals were balanced and their diets changed.

Some horses take longer to cease being symptomatic than others.

This is due differing metabolic function and idiosyncratic tendencies.

Here are two cases I would like to mention: First case: BJ - Harcourt, Vic 10yo 16.3 hh thoroughbred used for dressage.

At the beginning of May 2011, I received a phone call from a very stressed and upset horse owner who had spent considerable money on veterinary treatment for her horse, BJ who suffered from severe head shaking.

His symptoms included uncontrolled head flicking, worse on sunny and windy days, lack of lateral coordination, inability to stand in sunlight, totally unrideable.

This had been the case for two years.

As a last resort, she rang me as the vet told her there was no

hope for her horse.

When the hair profile came back from the lab, I was amazed to discover the Sodium level of BJ was in the toxic range of 1930ppm.

A horse of BJ's size should have a sodium level on a hair tissue analysis in the vicinity 150ppm 600ppm.

It was obvious that BJ was suffering from salt poisoning.

Unwittingly and what she thought was in the best interests for her horse, BJ's owner had been following an equine feeding program that advises horse owners to remove their horses from grass and feed three to four tablespoons per day of common salt. Within two days of a new diet and no salt BJ's owner rang to tell me that the head shaking had stopped.

Within four weeks, she was riding him again.

Second case: BEN - Jarrahdale, WA - 14yo warmblood used for dressage Ben has been head shaking for approx 18 months and worse in the last two months. His teeth had been checked, had chiropractic treatment, laser therapy, saddle fittings, herbal remedies, various equine body workers to no avail.

He had muscle soreness in the rear end and cannot be ridden or lunged.

Ben's hair result showed sodium at 2180ppm. Remember it should be in the range of 150ppm - 600ppm.

Ben was also being fed salt daily plus a whole range of supplements and pre packed feeds.

Ben also needed to be kept in a small yard so that he would not injure himself.

Ben's new diet and supplements have just recently commenced and at this stage after two weeks, the head shaking has decreased and improvement has been slow but steady to the extent he is back in the paddock My findings are in no way conclusive that sodium toxicity is a definitive cause for head shaking but in my experience, there does appear to be a link.

Underestimating the importance of diet and ad hoc supplementation is indeed dangerous for the health of the horse.

A hair tissue profile by a laboratory is the only accurate method to determine mineral levels.

For further information ring Kerry Marsh (B.Ed.,B.Ag.Sc.) Hair Tissue Mineral Analysis on 0402 772 124

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The Horse Report ALSTONVILLE ALLBREEDS - QLD ARABIAN HOTY - NIMBIN SHOW

Supreme led stallion Castlebrook Brein Jude exhibited by Petea Adamson

Amateur Owner Derivative Champion was Manorvale Jean Pierre exhibited by Madeline Dye

Supreme Led Exhibit Tremayne Royal Blue exhibited by Paula and Charlee Anthony

Champion Colourama Gelding Fully Sick exhibited by Cherrie Jennings

2011 QLD Derivative HOTY was Euston Dancestar exhibited

by Melissa Sambrooks

Champion Galloway Urubula Regal Birthday exhibited by Cherrie Jennings

Champion Park Hack Koolrasta Park Prankster exhibited by Amanda O'Sullivan

2011 QLD Derivative Newcommer Champion was Kaludah Regard exhibited by Paul Austin for Nicole Doogue

Catwalk Secrets exhibited by Libby Went and ridden by Charlee Anthony was Reserve Champion Galloway

YOU/AM 2011 The Downs Arabian Club held its annual You/Am11 show on Saturday 30th July, this year's show was a resounding success with increased entries and a huge response from competitors and onlookers alike. Our newbie classes were very popular and it was great to see so many new faces in the show ring. Many putting the show into their next yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s calendar already. The committee sends a big thank you to all our sponsors and volunteers that help make it a great day for the youth and amateurs.

High Point Winners: Under 9: Kayla Webb & Jessica Emmerson, 10 - 13: Tayla Greve , 14 - 17: Rhiannon Mussig, Adult: Madeline Dye Professional Encouragement Awards Under 9: Caitlin Emmerson, 10 - 13: Claudia Greve 14 - 17: Alexandra Leach, Adult: Fiona Maltry

Winners from L-R Caitlin Emmerson, Claudia Greve, Tayla Greve, Jessica Fedrick, Madeline Dye, Alexandra Leach, Rhiannon Mussig, Fiona Maltry, Kayla Webb and Jessica Emmerson

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Page 25

The Horse Report

Keeping a horseâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s system in balance has benefits ď ­ From page 13

This means that the longer a single system is out of balance, the more it will start to impact on other functions.

Treatment aims to restore the body's overall balance.

There's an old saying in Chinese medicine that `waiting until you're sick before seeking treatment is like waiting until you're thirsty before starting to dig a wellâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;.

That brings us back to an old Western saying: 'an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure'.

Subtle imbalances recognised in Chinese medicine may be considered subclinical in Western medicine; thus, acupuncture can be considered preventative, helping to keep the body well so it is less likely to fall to illness.

Because treatment depends on which body systems are out of balance, acupuncture takes an individual approach based on each body's 'pattern of disharmony'.

For example, one horse may have some lower back pain, abundant clear urination, may seem depressed and particularly feels the cold.

Page 26

Naomi MIller (pictured) believes it is important to adopt the holistic approach of Chinese medicine which doesn't refer to the term 'immune system' rather, it talks about a series of body systems that work cooperatively to maintain balance in body and mind.

A second horse may have a slight cough, show signs of tiredness and a propensity to catch colds.

Both individuals are out of balance and showing signs that are likely to lead to more serious symptoms, but for different reasons.

The first horse is showing signs of Kidney-Yang deficiency according to Chinese medicine, and the second is showing signs typical of Lung-Qi deficiency.

Acupuncture could be used to strengthen the immune system of both horses, which would

increase their resistance to bacterial and viral infections.

However, different acupuncture points would be chosen for each horse.

Strengthen Qi to fight off illness As well as treating imbalances, acupuncture can be used to strengthen each horse's immunity by boosting its Qi (life force).

In Chinese medicine, Upright Qi is the body's resistance to exterior diseases.

For a body to have strong Upright Qi, it needs balanced Nutritive Qi and Defensive Qi. Although these terms may

sound unfamiliar, both function as their names suggest: Nutritive Qi nourishes the body's internal organs by helping to transform the nutrients derived from food into Blood (a broader term than what we think of as blood); and Defensive Qi resists external pathogenic factors when they invade the body.

Defensive Qi flows between the skin and muscles, and is the body's first line of defence.

This function of resisting illness can be likened to the immune response.

It seems logical that this defence cannot be strong if the body is not making the best use of the food ingested, and that's where Nutritive Qi comes into play.

Evidence gathered through observation over thousands of years shows the ability of certain acupuncture points to boost the different types of Qi and help the body fight off illness.

Whether it is explained in terms of its physiologic effects demonstrated by scientific research or by the more philosophical descriptions of Chinese medicine, acupuncture can be a strong ally in preventing illness in horses.

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The Horse Report

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Page 27

The Horse Report

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The Horse Report

Whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Happening MURWILLUMBAH SHOW The Tweed River Agricultural Society will hold the 111th Murwillumbah show on Friday, November 4 and Saturday, November 5 at the Murwillumbah showgrounds. There will be an All breeds Yearling classic and an All breeds 2yr old classic offering $400 in prize money, plus two full days of showjumping. On Friday, events will include local and district Hack and Rider classes and the hunter hacks and on Saturday, the open hacks and registered breed classes with supreme led Mare, Gelding and Stallion held at lunch time. Entertainment for the show will be the Friday night rodeo and on Saturday night there will be a fireworks display. The show will include all the traditional show exhibits and events and will have a side show alley in operation.

For further information or schedules phone 02 6672 5507 or 0427 725507or visit www.murwillumbahshowground.com

DARRA OXLEY PONY CLUB OPEN SPORTS DAY The Darra Oxley Pony Club will host an open sports day on Sunday, October 16 starting at 9am. Age groups are 8 & under, 9 & 10years, 11 & 12 years, 13 & 14 years, 15 & 16 years, 17-25 years, 26 years & over and events include Western Bend, Flag Race, Mug Race, Right Angle Bounce, Stock Horse, Diamond Flag, Obstacle Course, Sporting Figure of 8, Running Tee, The Box. Trophies to sixth place will be awarded in each age group. Ribbons to sixth place will be awarded in each event and a nomination fee of $20 for the day will be accepted on the morning of the event.

Enquiries 07 3375 3722 or www.darraoxleyponyclub.org.au

THE 111th MURWILLUMBAH SHOW. NOVEMBER 4th & 5th 2011 Entertainment FRIDAY NIGHT - RODEO SATURDAY NIGHT - FIREWORKS RING EVENTS - FRIDAY Local Hacks Rider classes Hunter Hacks Pony club events RING EVENTS - SATURDAY All Breeds Yearling & 2yr old classics Led and ridden Breed classes Supreme Led Mare, Gelding & Stallion Pony, Galloway & Hack classes Feature Harness Show 2 full days of showjumping All the traditional show exhibits & events Tweed River Agricultural Society Ltd Ph 0266 725507 or 0412 725507 E: secretary@murwillumbahshowground.com www.murwillumbahshowground.com

MULLUMBIMBY SHOW The Mullumbimby Show is back and will be held on November 12 and 13 at the Mullumbimby Showgrounds. There will be trotting, showjumping, beef cattle, poultry, animal nursery for kids and adults, talent quest, showgirls - dog high jump, push bike display and competition, snake man, dog and duck show, truck show and charity auction, pet show and fire works on Saturday night. In centre ring there will be a full program of events for the Horses. On Saturday you will have led classes for Thoroughbred, ANSA, Ponies, Quarterhorse, Arabians, Palomino, Shetland, Miniature, Draught Horse, Brumby Australian Stock Horse, Paint and Pinto, Western performance and a three ring hack program including champion novice , open and show hunter classes. A big attraction for this years will be The Australian Stock Horse Feature show with led classes on Saturday and a full program of ridden ASH classes on the sunday including Hack classes, working classes, handler classes, rider classes and stock horse challenges There is two full days of showjumping starting at 8am with prize money to fifth place on Saturday and fourth place on Sunday for more information visit www.mullumbimbyshow.org.au Phone.02 6684 2621. Email secretary@mullumbimbyshow.org.au

Qld Dilute Championships 2011

Saturday October 22, Sunday October 23, 2011 Gatton Show Grounds Classes for Palomino, Buckskin, Dun, Cremello & Perlino, Silver, Champagne, Non Dilute Ancillary, Dilute Ancillary, and Broken Coloured Dilutes S a tur da y L ed P r o gr am S a tur da y E v ening D r essage

Mullumbimby Show Saturday12th & Sunday 13th November,2011.

See website for program & entertainment.

www.mullumbimbyshow.org.au

Sunda y saddle classes and p er f ormanc e pr o gr am "Photo courtesy of Mel Cruden"

Phone.02 6684 2621. Email secretary@mullumbimbyshow.org.au

For further information contact

Darra Oxley Pony Club Open Sports Day

Kay Hudson 07 4163 1701 - hudsontrust@bigpond.com Gail Rossington 07 3282 8858 -pgrossington@bigpond.com Tania Papasidero 07 5495 2337 - mulaguna@westnet.com.au

Sunday 16 October 2011 9:00am

Events include Western Bend, Flag Race, Mug Race, Right Angle Bounce, Stock Horse, Diamond Flag, Obstacle Course, Sporting Figure of 8, Running Tee, The Box Trophies to 6th place in Age groups - Ribbons to 6th place in event

Enquiries 07 3375 3722 or www.darraoxleyponyclub.org.au

programs available on website dilutesqldbranch.webs.com entries close 14th October although late entries will be accepted

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Page 29

The Horse Report

What’s Happening DUBBO TO HOST THE AUSTRALIAN JUMPING CHAMPIONSHIPS Jumpers from around Australia will be looking to ‘raise the bar’ in Dubbo this month when the city hosts the 50th annual Australian Jumping Championships.

The event from October 13 to 16 at the Dubbo showground has attracted 350 riders and 600 horses from across Australia, competing in 41 classes held over the four days of competition.

As well as determining the Australian Junior, Young Rider and National (Senior) titles, the championships also offer a range of ‘height classes’.

With more than 25 competitors expected in the national title, the field will be the strongest in some years.

This year the feature class has been supported by 10 performance horse breeding studs and is aptly named the Breeders’ Plate National Title. The largest prize pool ever offered is up for grabs. Athletes will compete for $10,000 across the three national title classes.

John Vallance, Australia’s highest ranked course designer, will set the challenge for the three championship divisions, Junior, Young Rider and the Breeders’ Plate National Title.

The first round of the Breeders’ Plate National Title final on Sunday, October 16 is an MES (Minimum Eligibility Standard) which provides riders an opportunity to gain partial qualification for the 2012 Olympic Games.

Riders must gain their full MES to be considered for selection in the Australian Jumping Team for the London Olympics. The 2011 Australian Jumping Championships is one of six events this year to offer an MES class.

2010 National Champion, George Sanna from Glossodia, NSW will not be defending his title. Sanna has taken last year’s winning horse CP Aprilla to compete in Europe.

Young super star Tom McDermott from Wagga Wagga, NSW, will be among the starters. McDermott stole the show last year winning the Junior and Young Rider titles - he also finished runner-up in both divisions. Last year was McDermott’s third consecutive junior title. Now aged 18 he is eligible for all three championship divisions (Junior 12-18 years, Young Rider 16-21 years and the national title which is open to riders aged 18 and over). However, a rider may only compete in two divisions.

With recent success including winning the Gawler World Cup qualifier, McDermott may challenge the older riders for the Breeders’ Plate National Title.

This is the first time that the event has been held in Dubbo and Event Director, Edwena Mitchell, hopes it will be the home of the championships for a few years to come.

“We need a really big venue and Dubbo showground provides an ideal site,” Ms Mitchell said.

“We have been well supported by the local Pony Club and Dubbo Eventing and Showjumping Association and ideally, Dubbo will be the location of this event for a number of years.”

The national championships are a feature event on the competitive Australian jumping circuit.

Australian horses and riders have made an impression on the international scene over the last 12 months. Home grown horses have produced world class results as demonstrated by Vivant (equal seventh at the 2010 World Cup Final), Ashleigh Drossel Dan (winner of the 2011 Global Champions Tour of Doha CSI5*) and ASB Conquistador (recently placed seventh at the CSI-W Grand Prix of Showpark in California).

World number one female jumping rider, Edwina Alexander, cut her teeth on the Australian jumping scene.

Australia’s future international jumping stars will undoubtedly emerge from the dust of Dubbo.

For event specific information please contact Edwena Mitchell at emcat@bigpond.com or phone 0419 64 2053.

The program of events can be downloaded at www.jumpingnsw.equestrian.org.au Page 30

The Australian

Jumping Championships Dubbo Showground 13-16 October 2011 SUPPORTED BY

Entries close Tuesday 11 October

For more information contact Edwena Mitchell at EMC Event Management Mob. 0419 642 053

www.equestrian.org.au www.globalentriesonline.com

www.thehorsereport.com www.thehorsereport.com - Ph 07 55909721 - mob 0413 733 294 - Email: cobakibob@bigpond.com

The Horse Report

Whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Happening BANGALOW SHOW The Bangalow Show is on November 18 and 19 with Dressage on Sunday November 20. There will be a full ring program for all breeds of horses including a Supreme Led Exhibit, Supreme Champion Hack of the Show and Supreme Champion Hunter Hack of the Show..

The Maiden/Novice, Junior, Juvenile campdraft will be held on Friday afternoon with the Open Campdraft on Saturday.

There is a full ring program including Three Ring Circus for the ponies, Galloways and Hacks.

Extra ring events include the team stockman ironman, Belt Buckle and Boot Cup, rodeo and barrel races.

Camping is available - contact caretaker 02 6687 1035 For further information contact show secretary Karen Ryan on 02 6687 1033 or chief ring steward Ian Grissell on 0413 337 234.

Email - bangalowshow@bigpond.com.au

TLEC T-SHIRT GYMKHANA & DRESSAGE DAY The Terranora Lakes Equestrian Club will hold a T-shirt Fun Day Gymkhana and Dressage Day on Sunday, November 20 at their club grounds at Bilambil Road, Bilambil just west of Tweed Heads starting at 9am. Events will include hack class, rider class, walking and trotting races, bends, keyhole, barrels, diamond flag, obstacle course, and the popular fancy dress.

All ages are catered for from Lead line - over 45 yrs age groups. The cost of the day will be $25 which includes a sausage sizzle lunch.

Inconjunction with the fun day there will be a Dressage day catering from Walk Trot - Elementary at a cost of $5 per event and you can enter on the day. For further information contact Paula on 075590 9721 or email: cobakibob@bigpond.com

PRARG'S NEW & USED SADDLERY MARKET Park Ridge Adult Riding Group will hold a new and used saddlery market at their club grounds cnr. Olson & Teviot Roads, North Maclean on the southern side of Brisbane on Saturday, October 29.

Clubs and individuals are invited to gather gear, riding apparel and other 'horsey' items to sell or swap in a market type atmosphere. Trade displays welcome.

This is a perfect way to raise money for your respective groups or yourselves. Sell as an individual or as a group. Refreshments available Vendors to be in position by 7am and to stay until 11.30am or unless sold out. Booking fee - $15 per site (Sponsors no charge).

Pay at the gate. Sell from your car, float or truck or bring your own equipment Only one vehicle per site on grounds. Enquiries - to Regina on 07 5546 0669 or Chris on 07 5547 7314 or email: prarginc@iprimus.com.au

Bangalow Show 18th & 19th November

Friday

Breed classes Campdraft - Maiden Novice / Junior / Juvenile

Saturday

Full Ring Program 'Three Ring Circus' hack show Show Jumping - Open Campdraft Rodeo Stockman Ironman

Zoe Olive on 'Buzdale Nirvana' - 2009 Stock horse Champion. photos by Jennifer Boyle

Dressage Sunday 20th November.

Show Secretary Karen Ryan 02 6687 1033 Chief Ring Steward Ian Grissell 0413 337 234 email - bangalowshow@bigpond.com.au Camping available - contact caretaker 02 6687 1035

Great Gift all colours available

sseven eevven

NEW AND USED SADDLERY MARKET Saturday 29th October

$15 a site. All vendors to be in position by 7am.

Great place to buy, sell or trade. No Horses

07 5546 0669 or 07 5547 7314 or Email: prarginc@iprimus.com.au

Terranora Lakes Equestrian Club

T-shirt Fun Day Gymkhana & Dressage Day Sunday 20th November 2011

Hack class, Rider class, walking and trotting races, bends, Keyhole, Barrels, Diamond flag,Obstacle course,Fancy Dress

Lead line - over 45 yrs age groups $25 including lunch Dressage Walk Trot - Elementary $5 per event - enter on the day

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Page 31

The Horse Report 2 0 11 G O L D C O A S T S H O W

Supreme Champion Hack High Fashion ridden by Adam Oliver.

Champion ASH Hack KOORALA TIPTOES ridden by Jana Schmitke.

Champion Standardbred Mare MATALIA WALTZ exhibited by Candice Wilks.

Supreme Led Welsh Pony Exhibit LACE HILL MOZART exhibited by Amanda Woods.

P h o t o s b y Na r el l e Wo ck n e r

Supreme Champion Led Horse of the Show REGAL BANQUET exhibited by Lynda Powell.

Supreme Champion Purebred Arabian Exhibit PIZZAZ exhibited by Chris & Doreen Trezise and show by Richard Sharman.

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The Horse Report CHAMPION OF CHAMPIONS - EKKA - QLD COUNTRY HACK CHAMPS

Overall Best Novice Show Hack MOSSBROOK CLEAR PORTRAIT ridden by Haylee Baxter.

Champion Show Hunter of Queensland was awarded to Grand Acclaim ridden by Brooke Higgins.

Champion Open Large Hack HIGH COURT ridden by Sarah Godfrey

Amylee Holborn-Quirk rode CHERATON CHANDON to win the Grand Champion Show Hunter Hack with judges Amanda Snelling from Qld, Matthew Patterson from Tasmania and Lisa Cleary from NSW

Angela Kyle rode RATHOWEN STORM WARNING to win Champion Large Galloway.

Champion Hack of Queensland CINABAR ridden by Terry Cowan & exhibited by Vince Corvi, Margaret Beggs & Terry Cowan.

Courtney Midson rode GILLESPIE to win Champion Thoroughbred Under Saddle.

Champion Open Small Galloway Hack SANLIRRA XCEPTIONAL ridden by Phil Bobic & owned by Alex Hayes.

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Page 33

The Horse Report

Dalby ASH sale offers 232 ridden horses for sale FOLLOWING the positive wave of optimism that swept over last year's Dalby Australian Stock Horse Sale, there will be an increased offering of 232 ridden horses catalogued at the 37th annual Australian Stock Horse approved event set for the Dalby Showgrounds over the weekend of Friday, December 2 to Sunday, December, 4.

And with the massive increase in sale catalogue entries, plus the 2011 incentives of four campdrafts offering a total of $40,000 in winnings, this year's event is shaping up as a 'must attend' for all horse enthusiasts.

The weekend event will get underway on the Friday, with the campdrafting action starting at 2pm, while the finals are set for Saturday morning with a starting time of 6am.

Individual prize money includes $10,000 for the open draft ans $10,000 for the Donrica gelding incentive draft, while the future champion's incentive draft carries $7000 and the aged champion draft has $13,000 in the pool.

Inspection of sale horses will start at 10am and then will be followed by a parade and cattle working demonstrations of all sale horses in catalogue order, with cattle provided by Woolcott Shorthorns and The Grove Shorthorns, both of Condamine.

The sale will get underway on Sunday, December 4, at 7am.

The breakdown of the 232 ridden includes 19 stallions, 107 geldings, and 106 mares, which are all currently registered with the Australian Stock Horse society.

According to selling agent, Noel Grant of Grant Daniel and Long, the response to this year's sale nominations has been enormous.

"We have nearly doubled the number offered at last year's event and the catalogue is a smorgasbord of some of the best bloodlines in the ASH stud book," Mr Grant said.

Topping the 2010 Dalby Australian Stock Horse sale at $32,000 was the nine-year-old Palomino mare Glendora Regal Celine offered by Glenn McKay and family Wandewoi, near Singleton, NSW and bought by Gwen MacMillan, Jondaryan, and is pictured with selling agent Noel Grant, managing director of Grant Daniel & Long.

"With vendors from Queensland, NSW and as far as the Northern Territory, the catalogue is liberally sprinkled with such names as Acres Destiny, Kirby's Stud Omaha, Theo, and Remedy, Hazelwood Conman, Adios Reflect, Warrenbri Omega, and Romeo, and Reality.

"And the catalogue also includes a cross section of horses suited for the beginner through to the hardened seasonal competitor, whether it is pony club, campdrafting, polocrosse, station mustering, or any of the other horse disciplines," he said.

This year's event also coincides with the Australian Stock Horse Society's 40th anniversary celebrations and dinner is planned for the Friday evening at the Dalby Showgrounds at 7.30pm, while on Saturday evening there will be a barbeque, bar and live entertainment.

The Dalby Australian Stock Horse Sale has long held the reputation of being "Australian's Premier Stock Horse Sale” and is managed in conjunction with the Darling Downs Branch of the Australian Stock Horse Society, and selling agents Grant Daniel and Long.

For sale catalogues please contact selling agents Grant Daniel and Long, Dalby office on (07) 46 696955.

The Horse Report TRADES AND SER VICES FARRIER

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Page 35

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Page 36

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The Horse Report Copyright Reserved

Published by Cobaki Enterprises Enquires contact : Paula or Bob Anthony 11 Kalkadoon Court, Cobaki 2486

Ph: 07 5590 9721. Mob: 0413 733 294 Email: cobakibob@bigpond.com The publishers take every care possible in the preparation of "The Horse Report", however are not liable or responsible for any typographical error, mistake or misprint.

"The Horse Report" reproduces advertisements provided by advertisers, however gives no warranty nor makes any representation as to the truth, accuracy or sufficiency of any statement, photograph or description contained therein.

"The Horse Report" accepts no liability whatsoever for any material or financial loss suffered by any person who relies either wholly or in part on any statement, photograph or description contained therein.

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Page 37

BUSINESS CARD LISTINGS 3 Re x A ini ust Ch ng F ralia am ut n pio urit n y

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Page 39

DARLING DOWNS BRANCH 37TH ANNUAL ASHS APPROVED

DALBY AUSTRALIAN STOCK HORSE SALE Cat

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s$

5.0

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232 HORSES WILL BE RIDDEN IN THE SALE. SELLING 106 MARES, 107 GELDINGS, 19 STALLIONS Weekend Events Friday 2nd December 2011 2pm Campdrafting Commences 7.30pm ASHS 40th Anniversary Dinner Saturday 3rd December 2011 6am Campdrafting Finals 6.30-8.30am Vendors Breakfast 10am Inspections of Sale Horses 10.30am Parade & Cattle Working Demonstration of Sale Horses Evening BBQ, Bar & Live Entertainment Sunday 4th December 2011 7am Stock Horse Sale Commences

2011 INCENTIVE DRAFTS WINNINGS TOTALING

$40,000

Open Draft – $10,000 Donrica Gelding Incentive Draft – $10,000 2 Aged Champion INCE 012 Incentive Draft – N WILL TIVES $13,000 TOTA L Future Champions Incentive Draft – $7,000

$45,0

00

For more information contact GDL Dalby (07) 4669 6955 Mark Duthie 0448 016 950 Noel Grant 0428 626 070 email: dalby@grantdaniellong.com “Proud to be associated with Australia’s Premier Stock Horse Sale”