THE LEAFLET
e h t
volume 2 issue 3 oct. 10, 2014
What are the faults of... Spongebob What are the most
Squarepants
popular books P. 17
?
P. 14
?
what do our mean?
dreams
what attracts us to other people?
P. 18
What phrases did Shakespeare
create
?
P. 6
P. 20
infographic design by lauren glynn
Why are people addicted to social media? Humanity
People love to use their imagination. On sites like Pinterest and Tumblr people can plan their futures through pictures.
Personality The images people put up on their account helps to create their persona. These images draw people in and make them interested in the profile.
People are attracted to the truth. On social media when someone Truthfulness sees something they think is true they are more likely to read the whole post. On social media there are a lot of support groups where people can go if they need help with something. This lets people have a much needed companionship, even if it is just through social media.
Stories stimulate the brain and make people want to continue looking at someone’s profile or account. Some social media sites such as Tumblr let people make playlists and put them on their blog. This attracts people because they get to experience another type of music.
Opportunity
A large group such as a sports team will make a social media page and put updates on it. This gives individuals the ability to stay on top of a number of groups.
People like to go against the Rebelliousness normal. Social media is a great way to get their ideas about topics out and maybe influence others.
Aut hent icity People are attracted to real things. That is why authenticity is so important in social media. When someone is talking about something that is real or they are just being themselves it attracts other. Businesses are starting to employ managers of their social media page for them. People whose job it is to work on social media will spend more time on it than others who do not.
One of the biggest opportunities that social media can offer is meeting new people. Interntional interactaction draws more people to sites.
When people move far away it is a sad time for them and those they leave behind. However, through social media relationships are able to be kept in spite of the distance. infographic design BY Hannah Frey and Adhiti Chundur infographic research BY melinda looney INFORMATION COURTESY SOCIAL MEDIA EXAMINER
big questions issue THIS MONTH: P2: Why is science cool?
P4: What does music say about us? P5: What are the most dangerous things in the world? P6: What do our dreams mean? P9: Who are we? P14: What are the faults of Spongebob? P16: What are some mind blowing facts? P18: What are we attracted to? P22: What birthdays are most common?
Life is full of questions. There are even questions that we might never know we were curious about. There is no such thing as having too much knowledge, so we hope to expand the minds’ of students. This issue, we thought it would be awesome to incorporate random questions into our issue. Turns out we came up with a lot more questions than we expected. Doing this issue has been a little harder than the rest just because so much creativity went into each page. A huge thank you goes to Joseph Ahn, Isaac Goldstein and Hannah Frey for taking the initiative and helping me run the research side of the publication. Another huge thank you goes to Orion and Zoe Schlosser. They helped me execute the entire design of this publication. The six of us collaborated together to make the best publication possible and strive to give the student body answers to the big questions.
The entire convergence journalism class has come together for this issue like I have never seen. Almost everyone on the staff list is included in this issue and each one of them takes pride in his or her work. We are very proud of this issue and that we are able to bring readers answers to the big questions.
Lauren Glynn
leaflet editor-in-chief
The Leaflet, the official web news-magazine of Sycamore High School, serves as an educational tool in the training of student journalists. We provide information and editorial leadership concerning school, national and world issues. We also provide a public forum for the exchange of ideas and viewpoints and to give coverage to newsworthy events directly related to our diverse school population. These viewpoints are purely from the staff of The Leaflet, and not the administration.
The Leaflet Sycamore High School 7400 Cornell Road Cincinnati, OH 45242
Leaflet Editor-in-Chief: Lauren Glynn Print Editors-in-Chief: Atiya Dosani, Lauren Saxon Web Editor-in-Chief: Kathryn Tenbarge Associate Editors: Joseph Ahn, Madeline Marsh, Anna Zhou Managing Editors: Abbey Baker, Isaac Goldstein Creative Projects: Joseph Ahn, Taylor Evans, Hannah Frey, Elizabeth Rickert, Orion Schlosser, Zoe Schlosser Business Manager: Caroline Gao Web Master: Eli Seidman-Deutsch Assignment Editors: Lila Englander, Brenda Shen Broadcast Editor-in-Chief: Sarah Horne, Victoria Swart, Ben Young
Staff Writers Jordan Baker Jenna Bao Natalie Brinkman Caroline Bruns Ben BrynjulfsonReardon Emily Chien Adhiti Chundur Taylor Close Benjamin Cohen William Coleman Amy Deng Meghan DiGiovanna Jake Englander Sydney Evans Max Fritzhand Zachary Fritzhand Meredith Gottliebson Charles Harte Rujula Kapoor Emilie King Riley Kurtz Lauren Kurtzer Brooke Landrum
Claire Lefton Beverly Liu Jack Loon Melinda Looney-Ho Harsimran Makkad Ellen Martinson Ethan May Hannah May Zachary Milliken Joshua Patterson Esther Pittinger Anthony Popenoe Benjamin Ruskin Madeline Schramm Lauren Shassere Luke Tenbarge Max Torem Emily Tyler Leah Wallihan Kamaria Walton David Wertheim Alex Wittenbaum Neil Yejjey Elijah Zawatsky Nathan Zhang
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Why is
[ THE LEAFLET ]
Science cool? What do you get when you combine water and bears?
Why does hot water freeze faster than cold water? In hot water the hydrogen bonds are weaker, which means there is less tension in the covalent bonds. Thus energy is released from the covalent bonds, which is a cooling process.
Tardigrades, or waterbears, the coolest microscopic organism ever. They can survive in space, freezing or boiling temperatures, without food for 10 years, and extreme amounts of radiation.
H2O
+
Why are yawns contagious? Yawning is a sign of empathy. Most children do not develop this behavior until age four. Kids with autism are half as likely to catch yawns.
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Why does the moon look bigger on the horizon? If you were to measure the size of the moon you observe looking straight up into the sky, you would find out it is 1.5 percent smaller than the moon you observe looking out onto the horizon. Although humans used to believe this was caused by the atmosphere, it is actually an optical illusion.
Why do we cry? Why are we ticklish?
There are two types of tickling, knismesis and gargalesis.The latter type, gargalesis, is the sensation most commonly associated with humorous tickling. The sensation is linked to the same nerves as pain and touch. Tickling releases Endorphins.
There are three types of tears with different chemical qualities: basal, reflex, and psychic. Psychic or emotional tears contain proteinbased hormones a natural stressrelieving painkiller.
Why can’t naked mole rats get cancer? The skin cells of naked mole rats contain large amounts of hyaluronan, a sugar that stops tumors from developing. This sugar is over five times bigger than human sugars and is produced in greater quantities.
infographic design BY ORION SCHLOSSER INFOGRAPHIC RESEARCH BY LILA ENGLANDER INFORMATION COURTESY SCIENCE DAILY
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What do different types of music say about us? THE BLU
ES
Hardworking, conventional and outgoing. While country songs are often centered on heartbreak, people who gravitate toward this genre tend to be very emotionally stable.
Y TR
Very creative, intelligent and at ease.
COU N
R AP
In spite of the stereotype that rap lovers are more aggressive or violent, researchers have actually found no such link. Rap fans do tend to have high self-esteem and are usually outgoing.
D
4
Honest and conventional. While pop music lovers are hard-working and have high self-esteem, researchers suggests that they tend to be less creative and more uneasy.
E
PO P
C AN
Do you love the fast-paced rhythms of dance music? According to researchers, people who prefer dance music are usually outgoing and assertive.
SSICAL CLA Focused, well educated, at ease with themselves and the world around them. They are creative and have a good sense of self-esteem.
infographic design BY Amy deng INFOGRAPHIC RESEARCH BY ADHITI CHUNDUR and jake englander INFORMATION COURTESY ABOUT EDUCATION
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What are the most dangerous things in the world? The Most Dangerous Insect
The Most Dangerous Road 3 m (10ft.)
Location: Bolivia
600 m (1,968 ft.)
The North Yungas Road is a 61-69 kilometer road that leads from La Paz to Coroico. Legendary for its extreme danger, The Inter-American Development Bank called it the “world’s most dangerous road” in 1995. Much of the road has no guardrails and is less than three meters wide.
The Most Dangerous Plant
Location: North America
The Western Water Hemlock is deemed the most “violently toxic plant that grows in North America.” The plant contains a toxin called cicutoxin, which causes grand mal seizures, loss of consciousness, and violent muscle contractions. The cicutoxin can even cause death if ingested.
The Most Dangerous Amusement Park Can n
onb
all L oop
Wa ters l
ide
Location: Global
Found on every continent except Antarctica, mosquitos kill more than 600,000 people every year. The more than 2,500 known species of mosquitos carry diseases like malaria, yellow fever, and West Nile virus. During peak breeding season, they outnumber all other animals on Earth, except ants and termites.
The Most Dangerous Snake
Location: Australia
The Inland Taipan is considered the most venomous snake in the world. Based on median lethal dose value, its venom is by far the most toxic of any snake. One bite can kill an estimated 100 grown men. The bite of an Inland Taipan has the potential to kill a person in 30 to 45 minutes.
Location: United States
Opening in 1976, Action Park is and amusement park in Vernon, New Jersey. The park has a reputation for poorly designed and unsafe rides, as well as undertrained and often under-the-influence staff. There are at least six known deaths caused by ride mishaps at the orginal park. infographic design and reseach by anna zhou INFORMATION COURTESY BUZZFEED
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Z Z Z
FUN FACT #1
Today, 75% of people dream in color. Before color television was invented, just 15% of people did.
Z
Z
Z
Z
FUN FACT #2
What do our dreams mean? Over the course of our lifetime, we dream for about six years out of the quarter century we spend asleep.
FUN FACT #3 Dreams occur during the last sleep stage (REM sleep), which happens about every 90 minutes for most people. On any given night, that equals between one and a half and three hours of dreams
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Teenagers are notorious for not getting enough sleep. The average amount of sleep that teenagers get is between 7 and 7 ¼ hours. However, they need between 9 and 9 ½ hours
OF S LEEP
AVERAGE A M O UN T
TIPS FOR S LEEPIN G
2 Have a light snack- eating a quick, small snack before bed can help ease the hunger you feel while asleep 3 Avoid stimulating activity- physical activity before going to bed can keep you energized and prevents you from falling asleep
BETTER AT NIGH T
1 Try not to nap after dark- tricks your mind into thinking you are down for the night, making it hard to shake that sleepy feeling
COMMON DREAMS & MEANINGS: Falling This is the mind’s way of alerting you to a situation in waking life where you feel out of control. Look at your relationships, school, activities, etc. and decipher which area is going in the wrong direction.
Being Chased
Being Late
Losing Teeth
Indicates that your are Can represent survival avoiding something in challenges and waking life. instincts. Dreams about Identify what it is teeth exercise your you are avoiding. instincts to protect Responsibilities? yourself and your Obligations? Try and find physical appearance. it and attempt to stop Determine whether avoiding. something is effecting your confidence.
Suggests that you are losing the chance to experience some sort of fulfillment in life. Could also indicate inability to make a connection with something or that you may feel regret for missing an opportunity. Focus on the things you truly care about.
infographic design BY zoe SCHLOSSER INFOGRAPHIC RESEARCH BY sydney evans, harsimran makkad AND LAUREN GLYNN INFORMATION COURTESY ABOUT EDUCATION
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Who plays sports? What is the average homework load for a student? Who is in clubs? What are the best classes? Who reads The Leaf? Who volunteers?
8
who are we?
We distributed 100 surveys overall, the freshman were given 25 surveys, the sophomores were given 25 surveys, the juniors were given 25 surveys, and the seniors were given 25 surveys. One student was chosen to represent the whole class; this shows us the difference between each class.
[ THE LEAFLET ] Memories
Time Use
Average day for a high school student. 7 hours SCHOOL
7.7 hours SLEEPING
45%
More teens say they have their best memories in high school
high school
22%
elementary
33%
middle school
1.1 hours HOUSEHOLD ACTIVITIES
1 hour OTHER
?
8.34
Hours per day worked by males with full-time jobs
Hours per day worked by females with full-time jobs
On an average day in 2013, Americans age 15 and up watched TV for:
In general, the more educated you are, the less you work
3.6 hours HOMEWORK
1.2 hours EATING/ DRINKING
On average in 2013, for Americans ages 15 and older:
7.73
Screen Time 2.4 hours LEISURE/ SPORTS
WORK
Those with a bachelor’s degree or higher worked
2.77
7.44 hr./day
HOURS
Those with an associates degree or some college
Males watched 24.6 minutes more of TV than females, on average
0.15 hours spent on
the phone, mail and email
7.79 hr./day
0.43 hours spent
on computer use and digital games
infographic design spread by lauren glynn, orion sclosser, Zoe schlosser infographic research by Isaac Goldstein, Taylor Evans, Charles Harte, Lauren Kurtzer, Tony Popenoe and Kamaria Walton
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[ THE LEAFLET ] SPORTS
73%
play at least one sport
CLUBS
43%
participate in a club
SCHOOL
66%
buy a lunch some or all of the time .
18%
have read The Leaf before
77%
attended at least one school sponsored event last year
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FRESHMAN
FUTURE PLANS
83%
Percent who plan on attending college
STRESS
27%
worry the most about their grades
Other
41%
volunteer outside of school
TV
Breaking Bad is the most popular TV show
JOBS
22%
have a job
[ THE LEAFLET ] SPORTS
62%
play at least one sport
CLUBS
SOPHOMORE
FUTURE PLANS
95%
Percent who plan on attending college
STRESS
63%
participate in a club
SCHOOL
44%
buy a lunch some or all of the time .
78%
have read The Leaf before
84%
attended at least one school sponsored event last year
27%
worry the most about their grades
Other
58%
volunteer outside of school
TV
Criminal Minds is the most popular TV show
JOBS
19%
have a job
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[ THE LEAFLET ] SPORTS
64%
play at least one sport
CLUBS
JUNIOR
FUTURE PLANS
83%
Percent who plan on attending college
STRESS
63%
participate in a club
SCHOOL
47%
buy a lunch some or all of the time .
70%
have read The Leaf before
86%
attended at least one school sponsored event last year
12
40%
worry the most about their grades
Other
58%
volunteer outside of school
TV
Criminal Minds is the most popular TV show
JOBS
28%
have a job
[ THE LEAFLET ] SPORTS
47%
play at least one sport
CLUBS
SENIOR
FUTURE PLANS
93%
Percent who plan on attending college
STRESS
73%
participate in a club
SCHOOL
47%
buy a lunch some or all of the time .
66%
have read The Leaf before
94%
attended at least one school sponsored event last year
31%
worry the most about college
Other
66%
volunteer outside of school
TV
House of Cards
is the most popular TV show
JOBS
57%
have a job
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[ THE LEAFLET ]
What are the faults of...
Spongebob Squarepants
How is Sandy Cheeks, a squirrel, able to survive under water is a question that many have wondered. Originally from Texas, she moved under the sea into a dome that keeps all water out. When she’s out of the house, she wears what looks like an astronaut suit to keep the water out.
Spongebob is able to take showers under water. But how is that even possible? In the world of cartoons, anything is possible! It is ironic that he lives under water yet he still has to take showers.
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?
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Isn’t it interesting how Patrick Star lives under a rock? In some episodes, we see that his rock house has furniture, a TV, and a kitchen. It is all made out of sand. It stays that way only in some episodes while other episodes there is not anything under the rock.
Why is Pearl a whale when her father is a crab? It seems unlikely but the truth is that Mr. Krabs was married to a whale. Obviously Pearl took after her mother.
In the show, all of the characters go to the beach despite the fact that they are already under water. Scientifically, the beach they go to is just deeper water. It is called a brine pool, which is a large area of brine on the ocean bottom near cold vents that release methane into the water. This creates a distinct surface and shoreline creating a pool.
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infographic design BY orion schlosser infographic research BY beverly liu and Jordan baker INFORMATION COURTESY BY FAN FICTION
3 4 5
6
A “Jiffy” is the scientific name for 1/100th of a second
WHAT ARE SOME
Mind Blowing
Earth is the only planet not named after a god
Facts ?
Human thigh bones are stronger than concrete The average lead pencil will write a line about 35 miles long or write approximately 50,000 English words Just like fingerprints, everyone’s tongue is different It takes more calories to eat a piece of celery than the celery has in it
The present population is expected to rise to 15 Billion by the year 2080 The world’s oldest piece of chewing gum is over 9,000 years old
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INFOGRAPHIC DESIGNED BY ELI ZAWATSKY INFOGRAPHIC RESEARCHED BY BRENDA SHEN INFORMATION COURTESY OF DISTRACTIFY
[ THE LEAFLET ]
What are the most popular books? 3900
4000
2000
THE HOLY BIBLE
1000 0
number of million copies sold the past 50 years
820
MAO TSE-TUNG
TOP 10 YOUNG ADULT BOOKS
400
QUOTATIONS FROM CHAIRMAN MAO TSE-TUNG
in the world
3000
103 THE LORD OF THE RINGS
J.K. ROWLING
J.R.R. TOLKIEN
65 THE ALCHEMIST
PAULO COELHO
1. The Hunger Games 2. Twilight 3. The Lightning Thief 4. The Giver 5. Divergent 6. City of Bones 7. The Fault in Our Stars 8. To Kill a Mockingbird 9. The Book Thief 10. Holes
infographic design BY brenda shen infographic research BY joseph ahn INFORMATION COURTESY GOODREADS
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Who ‘loves’ whom? Secrets of human attraction FACIAL SYMMETRY
Facial symmetry signals good genes for reproductive health. The offspring of people with good facial symmetry will have a better chance of also being symmetric and better able to deal with stress.
MATHAMATICAL AVERAGENESS
According to biologists, people with “mathematically average” features have a more diverse set of genes and better reproductive health. The ideal distance between your eyes and mouth is about 36 percent of the length of your face. The ideal distance between your eyes should be 46 percent of your face’s width. People can grow bangs or wear sunglasses to change how their facial proportions appear.
CHIN SIZE, BROW PROMINENCE, AND LIMBAL RING
According to evolutionary biologists, women tend to be attracted to men with a large jaw and prominent brow, which siginifies higher levels of testosterone. Men are attracted to women with a smaller chin and less prominent brow, which signal higher estrogen levels. The limbal ring -- the area where your iris meets the white of your eye -- signifies youth and good health.
WAIST - HIP RATIO
The “hourglass figure,” is what men have persued for centuries. It serves as an indicator of reproductive health and fitness in both woman and men.
What determines attraction?
25%
59%
Masculine men like feminine women?
Masculine men like masculine women? testosterone
18
26%
76%
Feminine women like masculine men?
Feminine women like feminine men?
estrogen oestrogen
55% body language 38% tone of voice 7% what they say infographic design and research by Joseph Ahn INFORMATION COURTESY Doctor Stu’s Science
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Is there really love at first sight ?
People at similar levels of attractiveness are likely to end up together
The science behind attraction
Falling in love has neurological effects similar to Cocaine
Most fall in love seven times before marriage It takes 90 seconds to 4 minutes to decide if you’re interested in someone
Fact: Men tend to fall in love faster than women do, probably because their brain circuitry for romantic love is more quickly triggered by visual cues, and women tend to develop trust more gradually than men.
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infographic design AND research BY lauren saxon INFORMATION COURTESY YOUR AMAZING BRAIN
[ THE LEAFLET ]
What phrases did Shakespeare create? It’s Greek to me To bite the dust Eat your heart out Don’t count your chickens A wolf in sheep’s clothing To leave no stone unturned To call a spade a spade The goose that laid the golden eggs The lion’s share Might makes right Time is money When in Rome, do as the Romans do
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A rolling stone gathers no moss Love is blind Out of sight, out of mind To rest on one’s laurels Physician heal thy self A necessary evil Something is better than nothing Shudder at the very thought Smile through tears Put your shoulder to the wheel
infographic design BY lauren glynn infographic research BY sarah horne INFORMATION COURTESY BY ABSOLUTE SHAKESPEARE
[ THE LEAFLET ]
how can we use memory?
History’s most confounding brain function... investigated
? ?
= =
Cerebellum, stores long-term memory Hippocampus, stores short-term memory
??
?
Memory Masters Ace your next test: Use memory tricks when studying
• Cramming is proven to be unsuccessful. Spread out your study times and learn a little bit of the material each time you study. • Speak out loud while you relearn material to firmly implant it in your memory. • If you can, study in the same place that you will be tested over the material. Statedependent memory allows you to better recall information. • When taking notes on a subject, draw visuals and use diagrams to logically display information. Later, while being tested, draw your diagram on the test as a useful guide.
The story of hyperthymesia People with hyperthymesia can remember nearly every day of their lives in almost perfect detail, and can even remember public events that did not happen to them if they hold some sort of personal significance. If you give them a date, a hyperthymesiac can give you specific event and details about what happened that day without even thinking about it. Most people with hyperthymesia become aware of their ability after displaying an uncanny knack of naming the days of the week certain dates occurred on, sometimes decades ago.
infographic design BY kathryn tenbarge infographic research BY emilie king INFORMATION COURTESY PSYCHOLOGY TODAY
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[ THE LEAFLET ]
What birthdays are the most common? Around holidays, popularity drops and then spikes again due to planned c-sections and inductions.
Feburary 29 is the least common birthday day of the year.
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Less Common
More Common
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
DAY 1 2 3
The numbers spike just before New Year’s, planned to receive tax deduction.
Sept. 16 is the most common birthday of the year.
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The most popular months for birthdays are Jun. through Oct.
Dec. 25 is the second least common birthday day of the year. infographic design BY taylor close and tori swart infographic research BY Meredith gottliebson INFORMATION COURTESY BUSINESS INSIDER
[ THE LEAFLET ]
What is the deal with dinner? SHS’s favorite restaurants:
-Buffalo Wild Wings -Which Wich -Panera -Smash Burger -Chipotle
Go to Simply Recipes for great home cooked recipes sorted by genre of food as well as vegan and gluten-free.
1 5
to times a week, SHS students eat family dinners times during the school week.
15%
4%
22%
23%
W
ha
13%
23% t do n es SHS eat for di
r? e n infographic design and research BY brooke landrum, Joseph ahn and lauren saxon INFORMATION COURTESY REAL SIMPLE
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the leaflet