B
C
MADRID NEW BOUNDARY
D
E F
the shifting political edge
73,086
SOLAR
PLANAR type for maximum exposure to harness power of the elements
C
60,716
64,657
66,404
SOLAR
Solar Infra. Pad
E
RESIDENCIAL
M
RESIDENTIAL
AB
D
LAYERING & AGGREGATION of two sources of energy
M40
C
TIPOLOGÍA
COMERCIAL
Agriculture
COMMERCIAL
TRIPS per MONTH
TOTAL 54,583,000
3,155,359
MADRID
2006
2005
41
L 10
3,550,000+ 22.6 km
19
11
L 12
3,000,000
40.7 km
28
1
CUATRO VIENTOS CONTEXT 156,315
MOSTOLES
GETAFE
CUATRO VIENTOS 2 3 3 .4
187,963
[5 7 6 .8 A-5
]
MUNICIPAL
EL MODELO AGRARIO OCUPA UN GRAN PORCENTAJE DEL ÁREA CONSTRUIBLE A LA AGRICULTURA DEJANDO MENOS ESPACIO PARA EL DESARROLLO, PERO TODAVÍA SUMINISTRANDO NECESIDADES ENERGÉTICAS. LA MAYORÍA DEL PROGRAMA DE ESTE MODELO ESTÁ CONCENTRADO EN PEQUEÑOS GRUPOS QUE SE ASIENTAN ENTRE LAS ZONAS AGRÍCOLAS
BALANCE Centro, PAU, & Municipal programs to better INTEGRATE & STIMULATE community
176,900
2
3
5 .0 0 0
1
CARRTERAS EXISTENTES
4
CUATRO VIENTOS PROGRAMA DE SOSTENIBILIDAD SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAM
SITE AREA
2,334,000
m2
UNIT
POPULATION
PANEL SOLAR SOLAR PAD
kWh
L
L
0.147
0.000752
2.68 SELECT RESOURCES
DAY
11.2
241
+
1.64
AGRICULTURA
0.0301
+
0.181
RESOURCE REQUIRED
DATUMS
=
0.0807
1.90
CONSUME
GENERATE
unit requirement annual / person
unit productivity annual / required
GENERAL PROGRAM
to fully sustain population on site 0
YEAR
88,000
601.50
+
0.342
m2 / kWh
+
(Turby, VAWT.)
=
29.50
797.10
88,000 L
LAND
RACIMO
area production (m2 / year)
CLUSTER
0
0.00393 m2 / L (to collect rain)
406,000 L
0.00393
land area m2
14.55
1,850,000 827,000
20,600,000
kWh
5,030
SOLAR
10.4
243,000
18,900,000
kWh
4,610
WIND
25.0
584,000
1,700,000 kWh
416
68.4
1,600,000
406,000 L
4,610
31.6
738,000
50,750 L
4,610
20.7
483,000
WATER COLLECT
4.92
m2 / kg
11.0 L olive oil
14.55
m2 / L
person
12.0 L wine
6.74
m2 / L
105 m2
52.7
346
160
105
0.5035
3.30
1.53
1.00
10.4
68.4
31.6
20.7
SOLAR
OLIVES
RESIDENCIAL
0
CV EQUIVALENCIAS DE DATOS DATUM EQUIVALENCIES Capital Investment Cost (euro/kW)
BUILT PROGRAM DISTRIBUTION olives -> oil
BP 175i PV, @ 20% eff.
3,800
BANDA ESTRECHA
INFRA BAR
55.0
FAR
m2
Turby VAWT @ 8% eff.
2.24
119,000
66,400
15.0
4,430
106,000
5.00
21,300
RES-LOW
35.0
93,000
1.00
93,000
9.0
43,500
2.63
16,500
COM-OFFICE
30.0
13,000
10.0
1,300
COM-SERVICE
70.0
30,400
2.00
15,200
2.0
9,660
2.00
4,830
IND-HEAVY
25.0
2,420
1.00
2,400
IND-LIGHT
75.0
7,250
3.00
2,400
CIVIC
1.4
6,760
2.00
3,380
EDUCATION
1.6
7,730
2.00
3,870
1.00
4,830
COMMERCIAL
RESIDENCIAL
0
INDUSTRY
MEDIUM DENSITY POBLACIÓN 23.000
0
HYDRO
1,600
0
0.075
0
0
G
600
GAS C
TURBINA DE VIENTO
1,000
COAL
SUSTAINABILITY MODEL INPUT
0.035 0.030
0
NUCLEAR
1,400
1.0
4,830
GREEN SPACE
15.0
72,500
INFRASTRUCTURE
15.0
72,500
0 0 0
OUTPUT
WIND TURBINE
RECREATIONAL
BONUS
0.026
after FAR set
8.0
m2
8.0%
186,000
GRAPES
27,200
L wine
BONUS
2,260
People
0
CV COSTE ELECTRICIDAD ELECTRICITY COST SITE SOLAR ELECTRICITY
SITE WIND ELECTRICITY
SITE WATER
ANNUAL CONSUMPTION (kWh/P/d) 1.00 multiplier test consumption (kWh) / P 4100 / 11.2 total site consumption (GWh) 18.9
ANNUAL CONSUMPTION (kWh/P/d) 1.00 multiplier test consumption (kWh) / P 4100 / 11.2 total site consumption (GWh) 18.9
ANNUAL PRODUCTION area ratio [program / site] program area (Ha) total electricity (GWh) # of solar panels
ANNUAL PRODUCTION area ratio [program / site] program area (Ha) total electricity (GWh) # of wind turbines
2921
1.00
CONSUME / PRODUCE RATIO
11.09
4 614
SUPPORTED POPULATION average # of people
REGION PROPOSAL
A MEDIDA QUE LA CIUDAD ALCANZA LA DENSIDAD POTENCIAL DE UN PAU, PIERDE UN GRANPORCENTAJE DE ZONA AGRÍCOLA PARA OTROS REQUERIMIENTOS POTENCIALES Y ESPACIALES. EN ESTA ETAPA DE DESARROLLO EL EMPLAZAMIENTO ADMITE APROXIMADAMENTE 23.000 PERSONAS PROPORCIONANDO TODAS SUS NECESIDADES ENERGÉTICAS. AQUÍ, ADEMÁS DEL SUMINISTRO DE POTENCIA, LAS PLATAFORMAS SUSTITUYEN LA RETÍCULA DE CALLES DEFINIENDO COMUNIDADES. LAS NECESIDADES COMUNITARIAS COMO LOS ESPACIOS PÚBLICOS ABIERTOS DEFINEN LOCALMENTE LAS PLATAFORMAS CON RECORTES.
POPULATION 23.000 *APPLY SITE DATA TO DEVELOPABLE AREA OF MADRID
SITE SOLAR ELECTRICITY
SITE WIND ELECTRICITY
SITE WATER
ANNUAL CONSUMPTION (kWh/P/d) 1.00 multiplier test consumption (m3) / P 87.96 / 241.0 total site consumption (hm3) 0.406
ANNUAL CONSUMPTION (kWh/P/d) 1.00 multiplier test consumption (kWh) / P 4100 / 11.2 total site consumption (GWh) 1 712
ANNUAL CONSUMPTION (kWh/P/d) 1.00 multiplier test consumption (kWh) / P 4100 / 11.2 total site consumption (GWh) 1 712
ANNUAL CONSUMPTION (kWh/P/d) 1.00 multiplier test consumption (m3) / P 87.96 / 241.0 total site consumption (hm3) 36.74
ANNUAL PRODUCTION area ratio [capture / site] capture area (Ha) total captured (hm3)
ANNUAL PRODUCTION area ratio [program / site] program area (Ha) total electricity (GWh) # of solar panels
ANNUAL PRODUCTION area ratio [program / site] program area (Ha) total electricity (GWh) # of wind turbines
ANNUAL PRODUCTION area ratio [capture / site] capture area (Ha) total captured (hm3)
RESIDENTIAL
COMERCIAL
0
0.070
AS THE CITY REACHES THE POTENTIAL DENSITY OF A PAU IT LOSES A LARGE PERCENTAGE OF AGRICULTURAL ZONE TO POWER AND SPACE REQUIREMENTS. AT THIS STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT THE SITE SUPPORTS APPROXIMATELY 23,000 PEOPLE WHILE SUPPLYING ALL OF THEIR ENERGY NEEDS. HERE, IN ADDITION TO SUPPLYING POWER, THE INFRA-PADS REPLACE THE STREET GRID IN DEFINING COMMUNITIES. COMMUNITY NEEDS SUCH AS OPEN PUBLIC SPACES LOCALLY DEFINED THE INFRAPADS WITH CUTOUTS.
COMMERCIAL
CONSUME / PRODUCE RATIO SUPPORTED POPULATION average # of people
24.3 18.9 185 093
CV NOTAS
España tiene un plan de energía renovable desde el 26 de Agosto de 2005. Su objetivo primario es el de aumentar las fuentes renovables del 6.9% de 2004 al 12.1% en 2010. En particular, el plan perfila un aumento de 6.787 TWh en la energía de biomasa, un aumento de 29.54 TWh en la energía eólica y un aumento de 0.553 TWh en la energía solar. Actualmente, España es el segundo país, detrás de Alemania y delante de los Estados Unidos de América, en una encuesta mundial en capacidad de instalaciones eólicas [8,155 MW]. España es también un líder internacional en sistemas fotovoltaicos.
desired population
4 614
0.25 58.4 1.7
416
CV NOTES
Spain has a renewable energy plan as of Auguest 26, 2005. Its primary goal is to increase renewable sources from 6.9% in 2004 to 12.1% in 2010. In particular, the plan outlines an increase of 6.787 TWh in biomass energy, an increase of 29.54 TWh in wind energy and an increase by 0.553 TWh in solar energy. Currenly, Spain is second behind Germany and ahead of the United States of America in a worldwide poll of currently installed wind capacity [8,155 MW]. Spain is also an international leader in photovoltaics.
total site electricity production total supported propulation
21 GWh 5 030
0.68 160 0.406
CONSUME / PRODUCE RATIO SUPPORTED POPULATION average # of people
1.00
CONSUME / PRODUCE RATIO
4 614
SUPPORTED POPULATION average # of people
8 ᳜2 6 2004
6 .9
2010
1 2 .1 2
T W h T W h TWh [ MW]
2 202 1 712 16 754 595 1.00
417 639
PARÁMETROS DE LA REGIÓN
CV 2005
0.10
9 0 .
8
,
area (Ha)
233.4
area (m2)
2 334 158
6 .7 8 7 . 5 4 5 5 3 1
5
5
España tiene un plan de energía renovable desde el 26 de Agosto de 2005. Su objetivo primario es el de aumentar las fuentes renovables del 6.9% de 2004 al 12.1% en 2010. En particular, el plan perfila un aumento de 6.787 TWh en la energía de biomasa, un aumento de 29.54 TWh en la energía eólica y un aumento de 0.553 TWh en la energía solar. Actualmente, España es el segundo país, detrás de Alemania y delante de los Estados Unidos de América, en una encuesta mundial en capacidad de instalaciones eólicas [8,155 MW]. España es también un líder internacional en sistemas fotovoltaicos
desired population
417 658
8,500
26.9
4,360
2.06M
305,000
396,000
+
20.2
+
11.7
14,200
26.9
0
3.46M
305,000
0
+
20.2
0
+
300
51.3
44.5
1,270
255
221
=
2,100
492
241
=
2,410M
492
426
18.5
16.1
241
241
=
=
16,400
0
0
4.00M
0
0
+
0
0
+
618
53.7
4,358
151,000
611,000
396,000
40.4M
+
40.4M
+
12.8M
=
96.6M
ENERGY
CONSUME / PRODUCE RATIO SUPPORTED POPULATION average # of people
0.25 5 282 154
ECO-PAU
LOW DENSITY HOUSING 353 UNITS 1 STORY MEDIUM DENSITY HOUSING 54 UNITS 5 STORIES HIGH DENSITY HOUSING 6 UNITS 30 STORIES COMMERCIAL 197 UNITS 1 STORY INDUSTRY12 UNITS 4 STORIES CIVIC 1 UNITS 8 STORIES EDUCATION 4 UNITS 4 STORIES
POBLACIÓN 36.000 MUNICIPAL · EDUCACIONAL
CIVIC · EDUCATION /
AT MAXIMUM DENSITY FOR AN ENERGY SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY THE SITE LOSES ALMOST ALL OF ITS AGRICULTURAL CAPABILITY IN FAVOR OF ENERGY PRODUCTION. AT THIS STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT THE CITY IS ALMOST ENTIRELY COVERED BY SOLAR ENERGY PADS. THE BRISE-SOLEIL EFFECT OF THE INFRA-PADS FILTERS LIGHT INTO THE CITY AS URBAN FOLIAGE.
POPULATION 36.000 AT MAXIMUM DENSITY FOR AN ENERGY SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY THE SITE LOSES ALMOST ALL OF ITS AGRICULTURAL CAPABILITY IN FAVOR OF ENERGY PRODUCTION. AT THIS STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT THE CITY IS ALMOST ENTIRELY COVERED BY SOLAR ENERGY PADS. THE BRISE-SOLEIL EFFECT OF THE INFRA-PADS FILTERS LIGHT INTO
THE CITY AS URBAN FOLIAGE.
AGRICULTURA
AGRICULTURE
3 6 .0 0 0
ECO-MAX
2
21,100 HA
LOW DENSITY HOUSING 571 UNITS 2 STORIES MEDIUM DENSITY HOUSING 190 UNITS 6 STORIES HIGH DENSITY HOUSING 26 UNITS 15 STORIES COMMERCIAL 162 UNITS 3 STORIES INDUSTRY [LIGHT] 102 UNITS 2 STORIES CIVIC 7 UNITS 2 STORIES EDUCATION 82 UNITS 2 STORIES GREEN AREA 256 UNITS 1 STORY
PROTOTYPE
COMERCIAL COMMERCIAL
MUNICIPAL · EDUCACIONAL
CIVIC / EDUCATION /
2 3 ,0 0 0 2 3000
0.68
ˈ
14 446
AGUA
36.7
WATER
52 821 835 11.09
CONSUME / PRODUCE RATIO
37 657
SUPPORTED POPULATION average # of people
REGION SET PARAMETERS
Spain has a renewable energy plan as of Auguest 26, 2005. Its primary goal is to increase renewable sources from 6.9% in 2004 to 12.1% in 2010. In particular, the plan outlines an increase of 6.787 TWh in biomass energy, an increase of 29.54 TWh in wind energy and an increase by 0.553 TWh in solar energy. Currenly, Spain is second behind Germany and ahead of the United States of America in a worldwide poll of currently installed wind capacity [8,155 MW]. Spain is also an international leader in photovoltaics.
total site electricity production 1 867 GWh total supported propulation 455 296
1.00
CARRETERAS CARRETERAS
417 638
6 .9
T W h T W h TWh
2010
1 2 .1 2
9 0 .
6 .7 8 7 . 5 4 5 5 3
[ 8 , 1 5 5 MW]
GLOBAL
responsible growth MADRID ENERGÍA
area (Ha)
21 128.7
area (m2) 211 287 339
CARRTERAS EXISTENTES EXISTING ROADS
CARRETERAS EXISTENTES EXISTING ROADS
M3
Este planteamiento satisface el 17% del objetivo de España 2010 de energía renovable. Satisface íntegramente las necesidades energéticas de Madrid. Es energía para potenciar la ciudad y alimentarla en un futuro. Este planteamiento es un ejemplo de planificación responsable y un proyecto adecuado para el crecimiento
3
This plan fulfills 17% of Spain’s 2010 renewable energy target. It entirely supports the energy needs of Madrid. It is energy to power the region and food to feed the future. This plan is truely an act of responsible planning and an adequate design for growth.
17
PAU
CENTRO
1
MADRID ENERGY
2010
8 ᳜2 6 2004
21.000 hectáreas de energía renovable son suficientes para suministrar íntegramente a Madrid
21000
ROADS
ROADS
2005
auto-suficiente? self-sufficient? 21.000 hectares of renewable energy equals enough to fully support madrid
M1,M2
MOST DENSE
PAU
0.10
12.3
x
m2
266,000
40.0
0
+
ring equivalencies
FOOTPRINT
25.0
0
0.600
1,000
GBA
RES-MED
0
WIND
% GBA
RES-HIGH
0
36.7
4,610
0
Electricity Generation Cost (euro/kWh) grapes -> wine
SOLAR
RESIDENTIAL
+
RESIDENTIAL
GRAPES
BUILT PROGRAM
PROTOTYPE
0
equivalent area multiplier
% given site area
CUATRO VIENTOS PROPOSAL
SOLAR
WHEAT
0
418,000
R>
0
50,750 L
418,000
2,41M
M
x
0
0
0.0129
AREA <L
418,000
2,080
M
CASE M2 MAX-WIND CASE M3 MAX-WATER CASE M4 MAX-AGRICULTURE
SOLAR
AGRICULTURE 35.0 kg bread
area production (m2 / unit)
0
m2 / kWh
maximum density
SOLAR
0
11.0
66.10
SUPPORTED POPULATION
0.0
ENERGY
(BP 175i PV.)
4100
% AREA
M
CASE M1 MAX-SOLAR
POPULATION
RESOURCE GENERATED
OVERLAP 100% site area
m2
89.3
RESOURCE 18,900,000 kWh
4100 kWh
4,610
PROGRAM TYPE & AMOUNT
PRODUCTION + METHODS
0.0129
AGRICULTURE
4,600
4,600
THE CV PROTOTYPES ACT AS REGIONAL SUPPORT STRATEGIES
SUSTAINED
2,334,000 SITE AREA
SITE PROGRAM OVERLAY GRAPHIC
36.7
M
.
3
OUTPUT
maximum density
EXISTING ROADS
2
< ECO MIXING BOARD >
1,710
1,240
CASE 3 ECO-MAX
CARRETERAS
THE AGRARIAN MODEL DEVOTES A LARGE PERCENTAGE OF BUILT AREA TO AGRICULTURE LEAVING LESS ROOM FOR DEVELOPMENT, BUT STILL SUPPLYING ENERGY NEEDS. THE MAJORITY OF PROGRAM IN THIS MODEL IS CONCENTRATED IN A FEW SMALL CLUSTERS THAT SIT AMIDST THE AGRICULTURAL ZONES.
408
INPUT
M
POPULATION 5.000
877
DESIRED
x1000L
251
CASE 2 ECO-PAU
based on PAU prototype
hm3
M
ROADS
M-40 CUATRO VIENTOS
FUENLABRADA
M
GWh
156,315 GETAFE
CUATRO VIENTOS TIPOLOGÍA DE LOS RECURSOS TYPOLOGY OF RESOURCES
The 5 southern municipalities that are linked to Madrid by the metro and currently have a population of 877.408 which is over 1/4th of the population of Madrid proper.
REGIONAL
AGRICULTURA
POBLACIÓN 5.000
SOUTHERN 5 POPULATION
REGIONAL
300
100% self-sustainable
CIVIC · EDUCATION
WATER
Los 5 municipios del sur que están conectados con Madrid por el metro, tienen actualmente una población de 877.408 que es alrededor de 1/4 de la población del propio Madrid
CIVIC
MUNICIPAL · EDUCACIONAL
CASE 1 ECO-MIN
AGUA
Vertical LINES planted in the FIELD
5 DEL SUR POBLACIÓN
METRO METRO
The site is 233.4 hectares [576.8 acres] or about 300 soccer fields. The arrows indicate site access biases: the A-5 highwway and regional rail stop to the north and M-40 highway to the southeast, connecting the site to surrounding regions and Madrid. The highest densities on-site for commutes to access Cuatro Vientos would be near these points.
FUENLABRADA
LOCAL
LOCAL
LEGANES
CV PUNTOS DE ACCESO ACCESS POINTS
ALCORCON
El emplazamiento tiene 233.4 hectáreas [576.8 acres] como 300 campos de fútbol. Las flechas indican vías de acceso al emplazamiento: la autovía A-5 y las paradas del tren de cercanías hacia el norte y hacia el sureste de la M-40, conectando el emplazamiento con las regiones circundantes de Madrid. La densidad más alta para viajeros diarios que acceden a Cuatro Vientos estaría cerca de estos puntos.
1
AGRICULTURE
Wind Turbine
CUATRO VIENTOS CONTEXTO
M50
LEGANES
STICHING physical & programmatic space
Infra.Bar
M40
176,900
201,789
154,441
201,789
M40
187,963
CV USO DEL TREN TRAIN USE Currently, two major train lines suround the site: L12 and L10.
M30
A5
2004
190
MOSTOLES
ALCORCON
220 km
LOW DENSITY HOUSING 282 UNITS 1 STORY MEDIUM DENSITY HOUSING 54 UNITS 5 STORIES HIGH DENSITY HOUSING 11 UNITS 15 STORIES COMMERCIAL 6 UNITS 10 STORIES INDUSTRY [LIGHT] 16 UNITS 1 STORY INDUSTRY [LIGHT] 16 UNITS 1 STORY CIVIC 7 UNITS 2 STORIES EDUCATION 9 UNITS 3 STORIES GREEN AREA 10 UNITS 1 STORY
Cluster
# of # of STATIONS CONNECTIONS
LENGTH of rail
ECO-MIN
INDEPENDENT, ORGANIC growth
CV USO AEROPORTUARIO AIRPORT USE Currently, the site is an airport used by small planes and the military.
A5
154,441
2003
2001
2000
3066 meters (100,100 feet)
2002
LEAST DENSE
0 1 L
UNIT
TYPOLOGY
LAND USE
infrastructure links madrid to its 5 southern municipalities
71,687
F
1933 meters (6,341 feet)
La infraestructura conecta Madrid con los 5 municipios del sur madrid XL?
78,902
madrid XL?
A5
80,440
A
M4
FARM MIN.
BUILT DENSITY
MAX.