The Parking Professional October 2017

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Walking (and Parking) in Memphis

THE INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

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Designed for Development A stunning project in Pompano Beach, Fla.

26

Virtual Reality and the Garage

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Duluth’s New Transportation Center

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Rethinking a Project

OCTOBER 2017

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WAYFINDING OCTOBER 2017 | Volume 33 | Number 10

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Walking (and Parking) In Memphis

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Grounded in History, Positioned for the Future

A gorgeous parking facility anchors a new ‘Heart of the Arts’ in Tennessee

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Designing the Future Garage

Duluth’s new transportation center respects history and embraces transportation and mobility.

38

Designed for Development

An architecture firm partnered with IPI in a virtual-reality experiment to see what parking might look like decades from now. The results were mindblowing.

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A parking garage plays an instrumental role in revitalizing a once-thriving part of town.

Rethinking a Project

What to expect when you are restoring structures.

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

Editor’s Note

DEPARTMENTS

THE FUTURE, VIRTUALLY 4 Entrance 6 Five Things 8 Consultants Corner 1 0 The Green Standard 1 2 The Business of Parking 1 4 Financial Matters 1 6 Parking Spotlight 1 8 IPI’s Ask the Experts 4 8 IPI in Action 50 State & Regional Spotlight 5 2 Community Digest 6 0 Parking Consultants 6 2 Advertisers Index 6 2 Parking Break 6 3 Calendar of Events

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oliday shopping when I was a kid sort of lived or died by what happened inside the mall parking garage. If weaving around aisles and up and down ramps didn’t take more than 20 minutes or so and ended with my mom’s car in a space (any space), the excursion could be delightful.

Sadly, that didn’t always happen, and I remember days with lots of horns, flashing headlights, screeching brakes, and under-the-breath muttering as we gave up and headed home without ever setting foot on pavement. Needless to say, I was not in a big hurry to drive to the mall after October my first few years as a licensed driver.

Things are different now. Part of that’s the dawn of internet shopping, but part of it is the parking. I go to the mall after Thanksgiving, and while it’s still pretty crowded and hectic, there are signs outside the garage that tell me what floors have the most open spaces and then green and red lights on the ceiling that direct me straight to vacant slots. Drive in, park the car, and get on with it.

Parking’s come a long way, baby (you don’t need me to tell you), and this issue, which is all about architecture and design, is one of my favorites all year. This month, we present case studies of several parking facilities that are changing their communities and offering outstanding experiences—leaps and bounds from the concrete boxes of the past. They’re all amazing and great examples of future thinking put to use now.

We also take a look at the future of parking through virtual reality (VR).

You might remember this from the 2017 IPI Conference & Expo, where DCM Architecture & Engineering teamed up with IPI to let attendees experience VR weightlessly and worry-free with a pair of VR goggles, which was a lot of fun.

Starting on p. 26, DCM’s Juan Ramos explains how the system was designed and just what the vision for the future is. It’s going to knock your socks off, even on paper instead of VR. As always, I love hearing from you—please shoot me a note anytime. Enjoy this issue. Until next month…

fernandez@parking.org

parking.org/tpp

OCTOBER 2017 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

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ENTRANCE Publisher Shawn Conrad, CAE conrad@parking.org Editor Kim Fernandez fernandez@parking.org

Assistant Editor Monica Arpino arpino@parking.org Contributing Editor Bill Smith, APR bsmith@smith-phillips.com Advertising Sales Bonnie Watts, CEM watts@parking.org Subscriptions Tina Altman taltman@parking.org.

Graphic Design BonoTom Studio info@bonotom.com Proofreader Melanie Padgett Powers For advertising information, contact Bonnie Watts at watts@parking.org or 571.699.3011.

For subscription changes, contact Tina Altman, taltman@parking.org.

The Parking Professional (ISSN 0896-2324 & USPS 001436) is published monthly by the International Parking Institute.

1330 Braddock Place, Suite 350 Alexandria, VA 22314 Phone: 571.699.3011 Fax: 703.566.2267 Email: ipi@parking.org Website: parking.org Postmaster note: Send address label changes promptly to: The Parking Professional 1330 Braddock Place, Suite 350 Alexandria, VA 22314 Interactive electronic version of The Parking Professional for members and subscribers only at parking.org/tpp.

Periodical postage paid at Alexandria, Va., and additional mailing offices. Copyright © International Parking Institute, 2017.

Statements of fact and opinion expressed in articles contained in The Parking Professional are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent an official expression of policy or opinion on the part of officers or the members of IPI. Manuscripts, correspondence, articles, product releases, and all contributed materials are welcomed by The Parking Professional; however, publication is subject to editing, if deemed necessary to conform to standards of publication.

The subscription rate is included in IPI annual dues. Subscription rate for non-members of IPI is $120 per year (U.S. currency) in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. All other countries, $150.

Back issues, $10.

The Parking Professional is printed on 10 percent recycled paper and on paper from trees grown specifically for that purpose.

GRAB A SEAT AT THE (DATA) TABLE

By Diego Torres-Palma

T

he future of parking is quickly defining itself. As the race to digital takes place, parking professionals have more questions than answers regarding the best direction or technologies with which to align themselves. As technology companies aiming to enable data flow enter the marketplace, the need for standardization becomes clearer than ever before.

In the self-driving vehicle landscape, companies like Google, Uber, Waymo, Tesla, Lyft, and others must work together on regulations that affect the roll-out at a federal and state level. Working together, these companies will standardize the way they enter a market to expedite the formation of new laws and planning guidelines.

The parking industry needs to work together in a similar fashion. The same companies working toward an autonomous future are developing ideas around the future of parking for autonomous vehicles and, more immediately, fleets.

Having a clear plan based on the impact of these technologies will allow the parking industry to align its goals accordingly. The importance of IPI’s current data standard initiative, IPI-DataEx, goes well beyond data utilization, focusing on the implications of the parking industry as a whole.

I’ve recently had discussions with researchers at leading institutions about the future of parking. According to these researchers, numerous articles have been published about the autonomous vehicle landscape, but there are far fewer on how the parking industry may respond to this future. Researchers are predicting an outlook that looks bleak for those looking to acquire parking assets.

In Los Angeles, Director of Planning Vince Bertoni recently said, “In anticipation of the day when automated vehicles come and there’s less individual car ownership, we’re requiring that if a developer builds parking above ground downtown, they make it so there is the ability to convert that space to residential or office or some other kind of use.” Planners are already feeling the pressure to change requirements in response to these game-changing technologies.

As IPI spearheads IPI-DataEx, it’s more important than ever for companies to take a vested interest in defining how data will play a role in the changing mobility landscape. The more voices we have, the faster the industry moves forward and the faster we can outline the future of our industry. While today the effort is geared toward creating a data standard, tomorrow the implications will be much broader—with heavier impact on the future of parking. To find out more, visit parking.org/ipi-dataex.

@IPIParking

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

DIEGO TORRESPALMA is managing partner of Ventana Ventures. He can be reached at dltpalma@ gmail.com.

ISTOCK / JACOB AMMENTORP LUND

Technical Editor Rachel Yoka, CAPP, LEED AP BD+C yoka@parking.org

Strategic Planning and Management Maintenance and Restoration Design and Construction Technologies www.kimley-horn.com/parking

FIVE THINGS

FIVE THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT TACTICAL URBANISM

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actical urbanism, says Wikipedia, describes low-cost, temporary changes to the built environment, usually cities, that are intended to improve neighborhoods and city gathering places. Think Park(ing) Day, but every day.

The movement is gaining traction among transportation and mobility-interested groups and has a lot to say about parking and transportation. Here are five things to know about it:

1 2 3 4 5

Tactical Urbanism: 200,000 pink resin balls are strung across and down one kilometer of Montreal streets.

It’s based on the pop-up concept

One day there’s an unused piece of urban land—or a parking space—and the next day, there’s a little park, an art installation, or a new gathering space. All temporary.

Well, sometimes temporary

Sometimes cities like the pop-up so much that it becomes permanent. Smithsonian ­magazine took a look at this trend—check it out at bit.ly/smtactical.

There are soft rules to follow

2

ical Tact UR BA NI SM Short-Term Action

| | Long-Term Change

i·cal tac·t əl\ adj: \ t a k - t i - k

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purpose serving a larger to small-scale actions accomplish a purpose 1. of or relating to or maneuvering 2. adroit in planning

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NEXTGEN

It’s available for free download from the Street Plans Cooperative.

It offers step-by-step tips and case studies on cool projects that change the way a place works and is perceived. Download it at bit.ly/tacticalguide.

EW

URB

AN

Bonus Thing:

There are public workshops

Public workshops are available for agencies and departments interested in learning more and perhaps launching their own projects. They’ll come to you! Visit tacticalurbanismguide.com for information (there’s another downloadable guide here, too).

TACTICAL URBANIST’S GUIDE TO MATERIALS AND DESIGN Version 1.0

DECEMBER 2016 | Created by The Street Plans Collaborative, with funding from The John s. and James L. Knight Foundation

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

Grace Brett may be one of the most famous tactical urbanists in the world. The 104-year-old gained quick fame when she yarn-bombed her Scottish town, decorating 46 landmarks with knitted and crocheted artworks. Read about her at bit.ly/104yarn.

BY ERIC SEHR (OWN WORK) [CC BY-SA 4.0 (HTTP://CREATIVECOMMONS.ORG/LICENSES/BY-SA/4.0)] / BY JOANBANJO (OWN WORK) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (HTTP://CREATIVECOMMONS.ORG/LICENSES/BY-SA/3.0)] / WIKIMEDIA COMMONS

Ensure equitable participation, confront failing policies, and then measure the effect of a project. Stanford University’s Social Innovation Review explored the rules and the phenomenon in January; read what they found at bit.ly/stanfordtu.

There’s an official guide

PLANNING PARKING | CREATING PLACES

|

HELPING PEOPLE

“PLANNING for PLACES and PEOPLE NOT JUST CARS!” Forward Thinking Drives Success www.timhaahs.com

Atlanta

Miami

New Brunswick

Philadelphia

CONSULTANTS CORNER

PLANNING NOW FOR AN ELECTRIC FUTURE

By Sanjay Pandya, PE

A

s seen in the graph below, the market for plug-in electric vehicles is growing nationally—and with it, the need for more places to charge. Navigant Research (an organization that provides in-depth analysis of global clean-technology markets) forecasts that by 2024 there will be 5 million electric vehicles (EVs) on the road and that EVs will represent 4.4 percent of all light-duty vehicle sales. It has been reported that California represents approximately 40 to 50 percent of the national plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) and plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs) sales market.

Accordingly, many municipalities, developers, and owners who wish to promote the use of PEVs and PHEVs plan to provide electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS) and supporting infrastructure in their new developments or expand their current charger supply to meet EV user needs.

• National Sales

– July 2017: 15,209 – 2017 Sales: 102,153 – Cumulative 2011 to present: 633,175

How Many?

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

• California Sales – July 2017: 7,605 – 2017 Sales: 51,077 – Cumulative 2011 to present: 315,783

What is the forecast for EV demand in a 15+-year horizon? ●● What type of charging will take place, and how long will the average vehicle be parked in a particular space? ●● What are the power requirements? ●● Does the site have sufficient electrical capacity at the appropriate voltage flowing from the utility to the site’s electrical panel to meet the charging stations’ power needs? ●● What is the distance between the power source and proposed site? Are there obstructions/barriers? ●● What are the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements? ●● Are networked charging stations desired to help manage access, enable a fee for service, and provide usage data, including energy dispensed, time spent charging, and number of sessions? ●● How much will installation cost?

Promoting the use of zero-emission vehicles such as PEVs and PHEVs is a step in the right direction toward protecting the environment and providing sustainable commuting options in our communities. However, there are several location and project-specific questions that need to be answered before realizing this goal. ●●

VELOZ

SANJAY PANDYA, PE, is a parking practice builder and senior project manager with Kimley-Horn and Associates and a member of IPI’s Planning, Design, and Construction Committee.

He can be reached at sanjay.pandya@kimleyhorn.com.

Perhaps the most difficult question regarding EV charging is determining the number of spaces to equip with charging units now and those that might ultimately be needed. Different factors affect this decision, and there is no consensus or widely accepted recommendation. For example, the 2016 California Green Code mandates that 6 percent of parking stalls be equipped with provisions for Level 2 EV charger installation. This past March, the City of Oakland passed new requirements in its building code that require PEV readiness in excess of the statewide building code. The Oakland code specifies that in all new non-residential developments, 10 percent of spaces be fully EV-ready and an additional 10 percent be EV-capable.

It is likely that demand of public EV parking spaces and workplace and public charging facilities will grow.

This demand will be the greatest in suburban communities because urban communities may prioritize sustainable commuting practices such as bicycling or use of public transportation.

Public charging equipment typically consists of either level 2, 240-volt or DC fast charging, 440-volt chargers.

Level 2 chargers need about four to seven hours to charge an EV. DC fast charging provides up to an 80 percent charge in about 30 minutes. Level 1 chargers (110-120 volt) are also being used for workplace charging and can provide 30 to 40 miles of range in a work day.

The questions that need to be answered by community planners, owners, and designers are: ●● What are trends for the supply and type of EVCS that are being provided in similar project locations or environments?

PARCS with

Agility Efficiency Simplicity Easy third party integrations, lowest total cost of ownership and seamless user experience

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THE GREEN STANDARD

MAKING THE ROAD

By Paul Wessel

T

ake a moment and imagine:

You have responsibility for getting tens of thousands of people to and from your destination every year by a multitude of transportation modes. ●● You have site control. ●● You have a small, appointed, highly-competent governing body focused on the long term. ●● You have a CEO with a strong hand on the tiller. ●● Your organization operates in a deeply competitive market where quality of life and reputation are important differentiators. ●● Sustainability is an important value to both your leadership and your constituency. ●● Even with strong cost-cutting pressures, you have the resources to invest in the future.

You just might have the ability to put together an integrated, efficient parking and transportation system that delivers more mobility for more people while consuming fewer resources and generating less pollution. It could be a transportation demand management (TDM) and sustainability home run. ●●

Getting it Done

PAUL WESSEL is director of market development for the U.S. Green Building Council. He can be reached at pwessel@ usgbc.org.

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A network of Ivy League university parking and transportation directors may be hitting the ball out the park.

I learned this at a gathering of Ivy Plus transportation and parking directors hosted by Stanford University this summer. They are part of the Ivy Plus sustainability working group of 13 colleges and universities committed to a unified effort by leading institutions of higher education to responding to climate change and the ongoing exchange of common campus sustainability solutions.

Everyone shared their story and, as Stanford’s Brian Shaw, CAPP, likes to say, each institution’s story was contextual, rooted in the school’s history of parking and transportation, location, and priorities. An urban-based institution talked about how to improve its 10 percent single-occupant vehicle commuter share while a rural school was working on reducing the 71 percent of its staff and students who drove alone every day.

It was an amazing cross-section of what not only can be done, but also what is being done across the country to promote more sustainable mobility. Some key strategies being used are: ●● Parking pricing. Activities range from eliminating free parking, to moving from monthly to daily parking, to demand-based parking, and even paying users not to park (parking cash-out).

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

Tools to make giving up your car easier. Campuses frequently promote shuttle use with incentives and by providing real-time information, offering no-cost vanpool programs, and retrofitting campuses to accommodate increased bicycle use. ●● Green technology. Deploying or looking at electric buses, touchless and idle-reducing payment tools, high-performance lighting, rainwater recovery systems, and wind turbines are on the agenda. ●● Going digital. New technology is helping: License plate recognition strengthens the ability to manage parking systems. Online parking apps let visitors easily purchase parking permits before they hit campus and be guided to their spots when they arrive, reducing staff involvement, fighting abuse, and covering costs. ●● Advanced tools for stronger management. Commute dashboards, internal and comparative benchmarking, tracking key performance indicators, scoring TDM methods for impact and costs, adding commuting impact to Scope 3 greenhouse gas emission tracking, and awesome heat maps are helping everyone better measure what they are managing. ●● Thinking outside the box. Relocation of staff off campus, regional transit advocacy, placemaking, and green surface parking demonstration projects are all pushing the envelope. ●●

Stanford Of the all the extraordinary presentations (at least for a parking geek), perhaps the most impressive was from Stanford’s transportation marketing and TDM outreach manager. Why is there an entire position dedicated to this? Stanford’s extraordinary commitment to its TDM programs is fueled by a strong backwind; as a condition of local government approval for any new development, they can’t add any more vehicle trips to campus than they had in 2001 (see the September issue for more on this).

In a country where driving to and parking steps from your destination is nearly a birthright, Stanford is compelled to convince people to do something different. Its series of marketing promotions, games, art contest, incentives, and more are eye-grabbing, beautiful, and effective.

The key lessons in the marketing and outreach presentation apply to us all, no matter what our resources are or how small (writing as a recovering municipal traffic and parking director) our actual site control may be: Keep beating the drum. Seize the moment. Referrals make the world go ’round.

THE BUSINESS OF PARKING MARKETING LEGAL

WHAT’S IN A NAME?

By Bill Smith, APR

A

Joe Walsh, principal and creative director for Greenfield Belser, a nationally renowned branding firm, says name changes can be tough to pull off, but sometimes it’s the right strategy. “This is a huge decision because a name is such an important asset,” he says. “You don’t want to run away from the equity you already have, but there are legitimate reasons to pursue a name change.”

Walsh points to three primary reasons companies should consider changing their names: ●● The name may now have market limitations. ●● There may be a life event such as a merger or corporate breakup. ●● An event might have tarnished the organization’s name.

Navigating the Change

BILL SMITH, APR, is principal of SmithPhillips Strategic Communications and contributing editor of The Parking Professional. He can be reached at bsmith@smith-phillips. com or 603.491.4280.

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Everyone in the industry knows the SP+ name today, but it didn’t even exist until a few years ago. The new name was established at the end of 2013 and was the result of the merger of Standard Parking and Central Parking.

“We didn’t want to impair the brand equity of either company, so we approached the name change very carefully,” says Rob Toy, president of commercial operations for SP+. “We decided on the SP+ name because we felt that it reflected who we are—a parking company that offers much more.”

Toy says the new name wasn’t the only consideration in rebranding the company. The logo also had to reflect the nature of the new company.

“We had already established the SP+ name to represent our non-parking lines so people were familiar with the name and comfortable with it,” says Toy. “The SP is a tip of the cap to Standard Parking, the gold color of our ‘+’ symbol is a tip of the cap to Central Parking’s legacy gold symbol, and the ‘+’ itself signifies the added value we bring to our clients.”

Australia-based Parking & Traffic Consultants became ptc. this past August. The company’s leadership

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

team decided its long-standing name didn’t fully reflect everything the company offered.

“Over the last 20 years our company has embraced change, and the development of our service offering has sought to anticipate the needs of our clients,” says Laura Meirelles, ptc.’s marketing and business development coordinator. “However, having a descriptive name, such as Parking & Traffic Consultants, represented a constraint to expand our business now and in the future. As many clients already referred to us using only our initials, we decided to use ptc. as our new name. Keeping that strong link to our past allowed us to be bold with our new brand look and feel, which will help us to create our new brand image.”

Walsh points to Walker Parking Consultants, which dropped the “parking” in its name, as an example of an established company that found its name limiting. The 50-year-old name didn’t reflect the non-parking services the firm also offers.

Steve Cebra, senior vice president and director of business development for Walker’s marketing group, agrees. “Walker has gone through changes over the past 50 years, and we felt our name should reflect those changes,” he explains. “The Walker name has become synonymous with parking over the past half-century, but we wanted our name to better reflect the broader spectrum of services we offer.”

While settling on and announcing a new name may feel like the end of a challenging journey, Walsh cautions that it’s just the beginning of the process.

“All too often companies fail to make the necessary investment and do the work to get the new name out there,” he says. “You need to be prepared to saturate the marketplace with information about the new name and what the change means for your organization, your clients, and your partners.”

SHUTTERSTOCK.COM / GONCHAR VLAD

n organization’s name is one of its most valuable assets. The more established a company is, the more valuable the name becomes; it’s how the rest of the industry (and the rest of the world) knows it. Still, as we’ve seen in the parking industry during the past few years, sometimes well-known organizations decide that it’s time for a new name.

FINANCIAL MATTERS

STRATEGIES FOR AN AFFORDABLE COLLEGE EDUCATION

By Mark A. Vergenes

Scholarships and Financial Aid Many think scholarships are reserved for students with superior grades or stunning athletic ability. But the truth is that there are thousands of scholarships and financial aid opportunities out there for all kinds of students, including those with talents in art, music, language, agricultural interests, public service, military interests, and more. Go online to explore scholarship search engines and better explore your opportunities. Even if you’re already in college, don’t stop looking for scholarships, and be sure to check out the scholarship search engine available through the College Board.

Even the most talented students rarely get enough scholarship funding to meet all their college needs.

Whether your student is in high school or college, student advisers are a great resource place to start to help you create or refine a plan for funding college. Lastly, don’t forget to fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA).

MARK A. VERGENES is president of MIRUS Financial Partners and chair of the Lancaster (Pa.) Parking Authority.

He can be reached at mark@mirusfinancial partners.com.

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activities, your student will also increase familiarity with other students on campus and be on the way to developing the kind of peer support that improves their ability to cope with challenges associated with higher education.

Get a Job Getting a part- or full-time job during the school year (or during breaks) reduces the need for loans and provides an extra buffer against debt. Less down time also reduces the need to fill up time with movies and dinners out. Students can apply for jobs on campus or look for businesses nearby that allow them to learn about their chosen fields.

Check out announcements, flyers, and the college newspaper for local job listings. You can rake in additional income online for freelance work as well. Explore sites like Fiverr, UpWork, or TaskRabbit to find work that best fits you. Most projects are short-term and allow you to accept or reject work based on your personal schedule.

Create A Budget

Student Loan Adjustments

This will be many students’ first experience managing a budget that must cover all their needs. Few students had to consider book purchases or laundry funds in high school. What can your student do to save money? ●● Talk with your student about the costs of food and beverages. A few trips together to the grocery store can show them that home meal prep and refillable water bottles can save real money. Encourage your students to scrutinize their spending habits and explore how much they can save with simple changes such as making coffee at home instead of buying it on the go. ●● Be open to used items. Avoid buying new course materials. Many students can buy used textbooks, rent them, or buy cheaper versions online than from the college store. Thrift stores and garage sales are also great places to get items to furnish college dorms or apartments.

Those same thrift shops might also be a great place to find inexpensive additions to their wardrobes. ●● Finally, look for inexpensive ways to spend social time.

Many campuses offer free movies, student mixers, and social clubs. By participating in free campus

Once it’s time to start paying back student loans, consider refinancing as a way to lower monthly payments or interest rates. Explore sites such as Make Lemonade (makelemonade.co) that offer helpful tips and tools for managing student loans. That site recently put together a list of top student loan refinancing picks for 2017.

It’s easy to get overwhelmed with stress and anxiety when attempting to chip away at a mountain of debt. If refinancing still leaves your student overwhelmed, start researching student loan forgiveness programs.

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

MIRUS Financial Partners, nor Cetera Advisor Networks LLC, give tax or legal advice. Opinions expressed are not intended as investment advice and may not be relied on for the purpose of determining your social security benefits, eligibility, or avoiding any federal tax penalties. All information is believed to be from reliable sources; however, we make no representations as to its completeness or accuracy. All economic and performance information is historical and indicative of future results.

ISTOCK.COM / ABSCENT84

T

here are more than 44 million student loan borrowers in the U.S. with a combined $1.3 trillion in student debt. If you or someone in your family is thinking about the best way to make college more affordable, read on.

HOW PRECAST BUILDS

TM

FOR A LIFETIME. Precast concrete combines its inherent strength and resiliency with aesthetic versatility so you can create beautiful structures that will last a lifetime.

Alpharetta City Center Parking Deck, Alpharetta, GA. Photo: George Spence

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PARKING SPOTLIGHT ACCREDITED PARKING ORGANIZATION

PARKING WITH DISTINCTION IN PITTSBURGH

By John Fournier

T

he decision to move Pittsburgh completely over to a pay-by-license-plate, multispace-meter system was not an easy one. When Pittsburgh Parking Authority (PPA) Executive Director Dave Onorato, CAPP, made the call to do it, he faced opposition from some decision-makers in the City of Pittsburgh and needed to rescind an already public RFP to make the switch.

“When we saw the proposals for the pay-and-display system, I knew we were headed in the wrong direction,” Onorato says. “If we were going to make this large investment to reinvent our entire meter system, then I wanted to go big and do something totally new.”

Go big, they did. Pittsburgh became the first city in North America to implement a pay-by-plate, multi-space meter parking system. The switch created a domino effect throughout the PPA, causing it to become one of the most technology-forward parking organizations in the country. The PPA had to redraw how it enforces meters, switching to a handheld plate verification system that is tied to enforcement servers on the cloud.

Recently, the PPA rolled out a virtual permitting system for its residential parking permits (RPP), so residents can apply for, pay for, and manage their RPP permits completely online.

Going for APO When the PPA applied to become an IPI Accredited Parking Organization (APO) through the International Parking Institute, staff looked back at the changes they had implemented during the past few years and realized that there was more work to do. Even though the PPA has tried to be at the leading edge of the industry, the APO process forced it to think differently about its operations and find more room for improvement.

“We were reviewing the sustainability requirements and we were pretty happy with ourselves that, for instance, our entire meter system is 100 percent solar powered,” Onorato says. “But the APO forces you to say, ‘That’s great, but what are you doing to conserve water or cut down on idling?’ It pushes you to think about what’s next.”

The APO process is about more than splashy projects.

The PPA took a hard look at its auditing procedures, revenue control systems, and even its human resource policies. When PPA staff began digging into the finer details of the APO requirements, they found opportunities for improvement even in the most mundane quarters of the organization.

Since PPA staff started working on the APO, they have undertaken initiatives to improve customer service.

They hosted a series of trainings, including conflict resolution and sensitivity training, that all employees were required to attend. They have made a commitment to repeat these classes annually and are in the process of creating an intervention training program to help employees who have bad experiences with customers.

Data The PPA also took a hard look at its data retention and information technology policies. With such a technologyforward operation, PPA realized it was important to update and review these policies regularly. So, the chief technology officer worked with a third-party company to review policies and update procedures. The PPA achieved a 100 percent rating from the APO in this category after these new policies were drafted and adopted.

Being Social

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

They even started a Twitter account. “We had no presence on social media, which is a big oversight in 2017,” says Onorato. You can follow their sometimes cheeky twitter feed at @PGHParking.

“Going through the APO process isn’t just about getting recognition. It’s an opportunity to sink your teeth into the industry’s best practices and improve your organization,” says Onorato. “It’s a road map to becoming an industry leader.”

And becoming an industry leader is what Onorato and his team are committed to doing. When the PPA implemented the multi-space-meter program and all of the changes that it required, the revenue increases were substantial. Pay-by-phone and credit card meter payment helped revenue grow. Today the PPA has been able to expand its own capital budget by millions of dollars, but it also contributes nearly $30 million to the city of Pittsburgh annually, after covering all expenses.

Financial Progress What Onorato and city leadership have done with the meter system hasn’t just been a tremendous benefit to their parking customers, but has helped the City of Pittsburgh stabilize its budget and emerge from 15 years of state financial oversight. “We know today that the increased revenues from the meters have helped the city parking.org/tpp

avoid increasing property taxes, and that is a benefit that a lot of our residents don’t realize,” he says.

For those reasons, the multi-space-meter implementation ended up being one of the most important public policy decisions made in the Pittsburgh in the last decade. Onorato describes the APO process as rewarding but also challenging. He and his team know that they have an obligation to City of Pittsburgh taxpayers to protect the assets they manage and the important revenue stream they provide to the city. In their eyes, the APO process was a toolkit to help them do that.

When the PPA accepted its APO With Distinction at the 2017 IPI Conference & Expo in New Orleans, La., last spring, it was a proud moment for Onorato and his team. “We were honored to receive the award from the IPI,” Onorato says. “But as we begin our budgeting process for 2018, we’re pulling out our APO files and making notes on what we need to improve moving forward.”

When his staff starts to reflect on all the work they’ve done over the last few years to change the PPA, Onorato reminds them why they applied for the APO to begin with.

“That’s great,” he says, “But what’s next?”

JOHN FOURNIER is director of parking enforcement, RFP, and meter services with the Pittsburgh Parking Authority. He can be reached at jfournier@ pittsburghparking. com.

OCTOBER 2017 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

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IPI’S ASK THE EXPERTS

Frank Giles

Tope Longe, MBA MBEF

Territory Manager

Specialist, Contract Performance Management

Lanier Parking Solutions Plan for your entrances and exits to accommodate mounted technologies such as license plate recognition, which will need to be certain distances from the vehicle to read license plates or even recognize faces or voices in the future.

Abu Dhabi Parking, Integrated Transport Centre Conventional looking car parks are things of the past. Parking garage design should emphasize sustainable aesthetics and architectural designs that use environmentally safe material.

Safety and security of the facility remains paramount. Access control, increased energy-saving lighting levels, cameras, effective signage, and mixed-use features are recommended.

Larry J. Cohen, CAPP

Brett Wood, PE, CAPP

Lancaster Parking Authority

Kimley-Horn

Executive Director

Allow flexibility in the design of the garage for changing needs for green space, retail, commercial, and residential space, along with the flexibility for future technology, including ease of access for car-sharing, car charging, multi-model needs, and autonomous vehicles.

Parking and Transportation Consultant

The parking garage of the future needs to accommodate more than just cars—it needs to be a mobility hub that can support personal automobile usage, increased dependence on rideshare services, integration with multiple transit modes, and deployment of first- and last-mile amenities such as bikeshare, shuttling, and other options.

Rebecca White, CAPP Director

University of Virginia Department of Parking and Transportation Assuming that current zoning and parking requirements are adjusted for the sheer size or even existence of parking facilities, remove barriers so inventories can be maximally shared among multiple audiences; provide infrastructure and layout allowing for multiple methods of payment without exit lane lines; maximize all opportunities for sustainable construction and operational practices.

Have a question for IPI’s experts? Send it to editor@parking.org and watch this space for answers.

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The opinions, beliefs, and thoughts expressed by the contributors do not necessarily reflect the opinions and viewpoints of the International Parking Institute or official policies of IPI.

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Walking ( A N D PA R K I N G ) in

MEMPHIS A gorgeous parking facility anchors a new â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Heart of the Artsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; in Tennessee.

By Mike Martindill

I

n the 1970s, Memphis, Tenn.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Overton Square, located in the Midtown area, was a vibrant and bustling destination. Boasting an inviting range of restaurants and shops and employing more than 800 locals, the square attracted residents as well

as visitors from surrounding communities to enjoy its ice skating rink, live music, and iconic dining options. However, in the 1980s, Overton Square began to decline. Many of its shops and businesses closed or moved out, leaving the area in disrepair and eradicating the vibrant culture and frequent crowds that enjoyed the space for so long.

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Overton Square’s expansive Heart of the Arts initiative called not only for an increase in parking and flood abatement, but also for improving connections between the various nodes of activity, reusing buildings, and integrating public visual and performance art.

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To save Overton Square from demolition, developer Loeb Properties purchased the entire property in 2012 and embarked on a large-scale renovation and revitalization project. The success of this new development, and the plans for restoring it to its former glory, hinged upon two very different, but ultimately very connected, cornerstones: ●● The need to reduce and/or eliminate frequent flooding issues in the adjacent neighborhoods from nearby Lick Creek. ●● The importance of providing effective parking options to accommodate the anticipated increase in visitors to a new Overton Square.

These two goals played perfectly into the successful implementation of Overton Square’s expansive Heart of the Arts initiative, which seeks to enhance the redeveloping neighborhood through a series of arts and cultural destinations. This initiative called not only for an increase in parking and flood abatement, but also for improving connections between the various nodes of activity, reusing buildings, and integrating public visual and performance art. Heart of the Arts comprises the cultural and arts organizations in Midtown Memphis, which have transformed into the city’s most exclusive arts district during the past 30 years.

Solving an Environmental Problem For decades, Memphis’s Lick Creek wreaked havoc on the neighborhoods surrounding Overton Square.

When stormwater runoff exceeded the creek’s capacity, floodwaters ran into these nearby neighborhoods and some even farther downstream. The developer and architect Looney Ricks Kiss (LRK) saw the opportunity to implement an innovative solution to not only address

The parking garage design team utilized multiple materials and colors to express the building’s four elevations—with the exception of the north-facing wall’s red brick facade—to mirror the look and character of the existing commercial buildings across the street. parking.org/tpp

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The parking garage is a critical component to tying all of the various destinations, public spaces, and streets together to enhance the square. The design team sought to create a space that would cater to people, not just cars.

the flooding issue but also build a new parking facility to meet the needs of the growing redevelopment.

After studying the flooding issues, the project team embarked on an initiative to locate a large water detention basin in the heart of the development. This area also served as the perfect location for a proposed 435-space parking garage; the combination of the two would not only address the two main issues but also create the most attractive solution possible. The result: a 1 million cubic-foot water retention basin below the parking garage to manage the excess stormwater runoff from Lick Creek.

The installation of the detention basin under the garage has completely resolved the flooding issue in the area, with no major flood events occurring since. When stormwater runoff exceeds the creek’s capacity, a barrier in the southwest corner of the parking garage opens to allow excess stormwater into the detention basin. The water is held in the basin until the threat of flooding has been resolved. It is then reintroduced to Lick Creek through a series of underground pumps in the northwest corner of the garage. These pumps move the water back into the creek when it is deemed safe and appropriate to do so. The garage includes a ramp inside the building to provide access to the water detention basin for maintenance crews and their vehicles to access it and manually turn the pumps on when needed.

Due to the substantial improvement that this project had on the community, the City of Memphis funded both the basin and the parking garage. Without this assistance, construction of the garage would not have been possible.

Enhancing the Arts District The new Overton Square has transformed back into a thriving community, restoring much of the business activity and cultural vibrancy that defined it decades ago. The project sought to preserve as much of the character and charm of its previous glory as possible. With that, many of the existing buildings were readapted to accommodate the new businesses, restaurants, retail, and entertainment destinations moving into the area.

The addition of these new establishments perfectly complements the many entertainment and arts destinations that have moved into Midtown in the years since the decline of Overton Square. It is now anchored by five live-performance theaters and a multi-screen movie

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theater. It is also the new home of the Ballet Memphis, which opened this past summer, and includes the ballet’s new administrative headquarters, rehearsal studios, costume shop, and dance school.

The space also includes three public courtyards and a variety of open-plan features that allow visitors to interact with the facility even on days that there are no performances. This destination also enlivens the culture of the surrounding area.

Connecting the Community In addition to supporting a significant environmental endeavor through the detention basin, the Overton Square parking garage serves as an attractive accompaniment to the new development. The architecture of the facility enhances the surrounding buildings with a wide range of coatings, textures, metal panels, and glass inspired by the character and history of Overton Square and its contemporary arts and crafts style. The parking garage design team, led by Rob Norcross of LRK, utilized multiple materials and colors to express the building’s four elevations—with the exception of the north-facing wall’s red brick facade—to mirror the look and character of the existing commercial buildings across the street.

LRK engaged TimHaahs to help develop and review the functional design that would work on the site while providing an exceptional parking experience for users during the day, at night, and on the weekends. The solution consists of a three-bay, side-byside helix that emphasizes patron comfort and driving ease while

enhancing the pedestrian experience as one walks through the garage. The wide bays, generous parking geometrics, and cast-in-place concrete frame enhance passive security by providing a clutter-free interior.

Driving and walking through the parking garage are simple and intuitive.

The most significant goal of this project was to engage the community and harken back to the history of the original Overton Square. The parking garage is a critical component to tying all of the various destinations, public spaces, and streets together to enhance the square. The project sought to create a space that would cater to people, not just cars, and that objective is seen clearly throughout the facility. Stair towers are located at all four corners of the garage, providing access to people arriving from all areas of Overton Square. Glass stair and elevator towers provide an openness and a feeling of security at all times of day. Further, the garage incorporates several accessibility features, ensuring that the three levels of the garage connect in some way to the five building levels throughout the square.

In addition, the ground floor of the parking facility provides the opportunity to close off its 150 parking spaces and includes a sizeable area for community gathering opportunities, including the local farmers market and other activities. Vehicular access to the parking garage is located away from all pedestrian-intensive areas to improve pedestrian safety.

The transformation of Overton Square also includes a number of alterations that enhance the pedestrian experience and create a more walkable and bicycle-friendly community. A series of green spaces provide an open and easily accessible channel throughout as well as to and from the parking garage, where most visitors will leave their vehicles. Further, the new Trimble Courtyard across from the parking garage features a large pedestrian-friendly plaza, an area for tented events, and a stage for public concerts. An accessible path extends the entire way down Madison Street (a main artery) to Tremble Courtyard, engaging three different building levels along the way. parking.org/tpp

To ensure that traffic would be as efficient and non-­ disruptive as possible, the project team conducted a traffic study to ensure that cars could be accommodated after the revitalization effort. Prior to the development, it was already difficult to travel north and south adjacent to the site, and the addition of significant vehicular and pedestrian traffic would surely hinder this even more.

The traffic study called for the demolition of certain buildings to ensure that traffic could seamlessly run perpendicular to the main arterial streets within Overton Square, and the city made these traffic improvements.

Completing the Revitalization Overton Square combines a variety of pieces that are often critical to a successful mixed-use development.

The prominence of retail and restaurant space attracts visitors to the area by day while the many entertainment and performing arts venues, as well as public space and concerts, draw crowds from all over the region during evenings and weekends.

The parking garage serves as a catalyst for the redevelopment of the project as a whole. Access to parking in this central location in Memphis serves as the primary incentive to attract new establishments to the area and made the redevelopment of these historic buildings possible. The location and design of the garage serve to connect and strengthen the relationships between the various destinations. This enhances and reinforces both pedestrian and bicycle connections and integrates the visual and performance art into its layout and exterior treatments.

The developer and project team were successful at transforming this iconic Memphis landmark into a shining example of revitalization and adaptive reuse.

Rather than seeing the property sold off for parts, they recreated this notable piece of history into a vibrant destination complementing the existing arts district and bringing the community together to support the many performing arts and musical destinations so important to midtown and the culture of Memphis.

MIKE MARTINDILL is vice president of Timothy Haahs & Associates, Inc. (TimHaahs). He can be reached at mmartindill@ timhaahs.com.

OCTOBER 2017 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

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DESIGNING

the

F U T U R E

G A R A G E An architecture firm partnered with IPI in a virtual-reality experiment to see what parking might look like decades from now. The results were mind-blowing.

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By Juan Ramos, LEED AP BD+C

D

ESIGNING PARKING STRUCTURES is unique in the sense that each design has to respond to unique and constantly changing parameters. The

dimensions of cars evolve over time, and we are seeing a paradigm shift in the ways we interact with our vehicles. Do we drive them or do they drive us? Do we drop them off or will they drop us off? Will cars be owned mostly by individuals or will we see fleets run by corporations? All of these questions will have major effects on how we approach the design of parking structures.

With few exceptions, human proportions have generally stayed the same. Yes, there have been huge advances in ergonomics that have affected how we interact with objects and spaces, but the kinds of conversations we are now having in the parking industry go well beyond that.

We need to reevaluate the questions we ask ourselves when starting a project, because we are designing buildings that should last for 50 years: ●● How is the user approaching the site? At some point, will it just be at street level? ●● What is the best structural bay configuration? ●● What are the optimal stall width, drive aisle dimension, turning radius, height clearance, etc.?

The topic of driverless cars affects every one of these decisions. Especially right now, we are designing for what we know (or think we know). At the same time, we want our clients to have buildings that can respond to what the future might bring.

As an industry, we must be ready to adapt to change while also staying calm and not making brash decisions like breaking ground on that parking structure for the flying car—at least not just yet (we’re waiting, science!). We must also make sure we have a seat at the table; we need to propose and not just react.

DCM Architecture and Engineering was honored with the opportunity to collaborate alongside IPI to envision one possible version of what the garage of the future could be. We shared it with some of you via virtual reality at the 2017 IPI Conference & Expo and really enjoyed the conversations we had.

It was obviously a topic that’s been on everyone’s mind, and it will be exciting to see the different solutions proposed to our industry’s common challenges!

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Designing the Garage Before launching our garage of the future project, we had to decide whether to approach this as an exercise in retrofitting existing garages. We quickly realized there are already several great examples of that.

That conversation started a long time ago.

So we started with a clean slate in imagining what a new garage could be if it were built 30 years from now.

IPIâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Planning, Design, and Construction Committee came up with an initial list of items they considered crucial to include, and after a few joint brainstorming sessions, we started working on a concept. What started out as imagining a futuristic parking structure turned into conceptualizing a new construction system.

The reason for this was simple: Our opinion (and we know weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re not alone in this) is that this building of the future had to be flexible and scalable.

The first step was finding the common denominators. What were the dimensions that were going to work for us if we were Fig. 1 designing a modular space? We settled on a 10-foot cube. This became our basic building block (Fig. 1).

By arranging cubes in a grid, we created larger modules that would be joined by connector pieces. These pieces allowed us to attach facade panels and created a one-foot space between each module, which would

Fig. 3

a mag-lev track that would run along the facade until it reached another set of rails that would bring a vehicle down to the street. Could we have solved this with an internal lift? Yes. Would it have made for an interesting 3-D virtual experience? Not so much.

It also gave us the opportunity to explore shape memory materials (SMMs) for our facade panels. These are polymers or alloys that can be deformed but will regain their original shape when exposed to the appropriate stimuli.1 These kinetic facades can be used to control daylighting or create openings for drones to deliver packages, retrieve mail or garbage, or even parade your car around the side of the building.

Introducing Flexibility This same module functioned very well for a vertical transportation system, housing two elevator shafts and a switch-back stair (Fig. 4).

Fig. 2

allow us to run all of our utilities (Fig. 2).

With that, a larger 20-foot by 30-foot by 22-foot module was established, and we were able to fit it out by modifying the internal components (Fig. 3). These dimensions worked well for a puzzle-lift style system.

For the IPI presentation, we decided to have it work on

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Fig. 4

Fig. 5b

Fig. 5a

The next step was fitting a residential and office component, which functions very well in a 30-foot deep module with an optional 8-foot by 10-foot corridor block so we could double-load the building (Fig. 5a, 5b).

By adding an intermediate beam in the 10-foot cube we were able to create 15-foot retail spaces with mechanical space. Other small adjustments to the modular grid could allow for any variety of program space. For example, hydroponic vertical farms or storage modules could be used by tenants (Fig. 6a, 6b, 6c).

The point of this was that by creating a flexible space, we could change the One thing to keep in interior spaces to respond to the changing needs of the mind when designing building. One could start something for the with a mixed-use park- future is that if you ing-retail configuration and change the ratios as need- can already explain ed. If demand for parking exactly how it will grew, the owner could add work, youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re not more bays. Eventually, in a city with increasing density thinking big enough. and a decreased demand for parking, these could be changed to office and residential spaces.

In our final rendering, we showed a parking module adjacent to a service area. The idea was that much like in the first parking garages, cars could be worked on while parked. Offices for the service shops could be located in the next bay. This would work whether the cars were owned by individuals or were leased by a driverless car-share company.

Here we had a construction system that allowed owners to add levels as needed or swap them from parking to mixed-use and vice versa. It could be used as a temporary construction system for disaster relief or for events such as the World Cup or the Olympics. Flexibility is key.

We know trying to describe what anything might be like in 30 years is like shooting darts in the dark, and only time will tell. At several points throughout our process, we thought we were being clever with an parking.org/tpp

Fig. 6a

Fig. 6b

Fig. 6c

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Fig. 7 original futuristic idea, but it turned out that someone, somewhere was already working on either something similar or working on the building blocks that could be used to actually make our idea happen. Frustrating as it is to find out that someone beat you to an idea, for us it was promising to know that we could one day actually see it realized! One thing to keep in mind when designing something for the future is that if you can already explain exactly how it will work, you’re not thinking big enough.

The System

JUAN RAMOS, LEED AP BD+C, is project liaison with DCM Architecture and Engineering. He can be reached at jramos@dcm-ae.com.

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The most exciting part for us was envisioning how this thing could come together as a system and how it could interact with its surroundings. We didn’t want it to be just a net-zero building—we figured it could be net positive, taking waste and producing something useful!

Fig. 7 shows some of the features that we could see in the garage. At some point it can be mixed-use, but the idea is the same. Beginning with harvesting wind and solar (all exterior surfaces could be photovoltaic), rain water is collected and used in the building. Gray water is treated, made potable, and then reused in building or the surplus is sold back to the grid, much like we do now with electricity.

I can see my future grandchildren making fun of me for living in a time when we used to simply flush water down the drain. Wastewater along with any organic waste will be sent to a composter/digester within the building. We could also accept recyclable and organic waste from adjacent buildings to process on-site.

Some of the by-products of decomposition are: ●● Energy in the form of heat that will be used to heat water or air with a heat transfer system. ●● Methane that can be used as a biogas in the building,

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

sold to the grid, or used in a gas generator to charge electric vehicles parked in the garage. ●● Nitrogen that can be used as a fertilizer in the hydroponic farms. ●● Carbon that can also be used in the farms but more importantly, when processed with methane can be turned into graphene. This is one of the techniques that is being developed to mass produce graphene, which is a super conductor that’s extremely light and 10 times stronger than steel.2 ●● Ethylene gas, which is another byproduct of decomposition3 and has been successfully used to produce graphene.4 ●● Finally, the recyclable waste, along with the graphene could be processed onsite into filaments or powders for 3-D printers. Any component you would need—from a cellphone cover to a facade panel­—could be printed on site, using your own waste as your source material.

That’s an exciting future! For more, visit parking. org/vr.

References

W. M. Huang, Z. Ding, C. C. Wang, J. Wei, Y. Zhao, and H. Purnawali. “Shape Memory Materials.” (n.d.): n. pag. Shape Memory Materials - ScienceDirect. Web. 31 Aug. 2017.

2 David L. Chandler | MIT News Office. “Researchers Design One of the Strongest, Lightest Materials Known.” MIT News. N.p., 06 Jan. 2017. Web. 01 Sept. 2017.

3 Ward, T., E. M. Turner, and D. J. Osborne. “Evidence for the Production of Ethylene by the Mycelium of Agaricus Bisporus and Its Relationship to Sporocarp Development.” Journal of General Microbiology 104.1 (1978): 23-30. Web. 4 Wang, Bo, Michael König, Catherine J. Bromley, Bokwon Yoon, Michael-John Treanor, José A. Garrido Torres, Marco Caffio, Federico Grillo, Herbert Früchtl, Neville V. Richardson, Friedrich Esch, Ueli Heiz, Uzi Landman, and Renald Schaub. “Ethene to Graphene: Surface Catalyzed Chemical Pathways, Intermediates, and Assembly.” The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 121.17 (2017): 9413-423. Web 1

Calling all Shutterbugs!

Get those cameras clicking— it’s the fifth annual photo contest of The Parking Professional.

Hit us with your best shots! We’re looking for the very best photos of parking to honor in this year’s photo contest. You could win giftcards for Parking Matters® gear or a free registration to the 2018 IPI Conference & Expo in Orlando, Fla., next May and see your photo on the cover of The Parking Professional!

Enter as many photos as you wish! You may enhance your photos to make them look their best but no altering them (moving features, deleting or adding to the image, etc.) Our expert panel of judges will choose the winners who will receive fun and fabulous prizes! (Pro tip—vertical photos are preferred over horizontal shots.)

All amateur photos (no professional or commissioned photos) are eligible. All submission are automatically entered into the Best in Show category. Between now and December 1, 2017, send your high-resolution JPG photos (original size out of your camera or smartphone) to photocontest@parking.org. Make the category your email subject line and be sure to include your name, title, and email address.

All winning photos will be published in The Parking Professional.

Categories ■ Structure ■ Lot ■ Offbeat/Unusual/Funny ■ People in Parking ■ Equipment/Technology

The Best in Show winner will receive a free registration to the 2018 IPI Conference & Expo in Orlando and see his or her photo on the cover of The Parking Professional.

Ready to enter? Send those photos to photocontest@parking.org.

Questions? Email fernandez@parking.org.

Get out there and get snapping!

T

he Duluth Transit Authority’s Multimodal Transportation Facility, now known as the Duluth Transportation Center, was designed and built to seamlessly integrate into the history and culture of Duluth, Minn. Operated by the Duluth Transit Authority (DTA), and designed to improve transportation services and support downtown development, the new transportation center provides a central location for bus transfers; combines a variety of multimodal transportation services that include pedestrian, bicycle, bus, and motor vehicle; and provides access to several buildings via pedestrian skywalks.

The new center houses eight bus-loading bays, a police substation, four levels of parking (416 spaces), secure bicycle storage, and four separate skywalks connecting to adjacent buildings. It won a 2017 IPI Award of Merit for best design of a parking facility with fewer than 800 spaces.

Duluth’s History of Transportation Duluth has a long history of transportation innovation. According to Heath Hickok, DTA’s director of marketing, the city’s transit history began in 1883 with horse-drawn streetcars and evolved into the first gas-powered bus in 1924, followed by electric trolleys in 1931 and diesel buses in 1957. In 1969, the current Duluth Transit Authority was created out of the Duluth Superior Street Railway Company,

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and ridership continued to increase. The city is also the birthplace of H. Carl Walker, PE—an innovator in the design of long-span, prestressed parking garages.

Capitalizing on the history and geography of the area, the Duluth Transportation Center was designed to grow the local public transit momentum, serve downtown development, and plan for the e­ ver-evolving future of transportation with the addition of electric buses while looking even farther forward to the needs of future highspeed light rail with service to Minneapolis.

PHOTO COURTESY OF JEFF FREY PHOTOGRAPHY

Grounded in History,

Positioned for the Future Duluthâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s new transportation center respects history and embraces transportation and mobility.

By Joshua Rozeboom, PE

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A small, Midwestern metropolis tucked along Lake Superior that boasts a cool climate all year, Duluth is a relaxed town and frequent vacation destination for fishers and skiers traveling to and from Lake Superior’s North Shores. Its surrounding hilly terrain has restricted suburban sprawl and naturally lends itself to widespread use of public transit.

Designed to integrate into Duluth’s landscape, the transportation center features a view of the historic Aerial Lift Bridge from its parking deck and incorporates the city’s vast system of skywalks. The parking structure supports and connects four separate skywalks, including the Northwest Passage spanning over the interstate, connecting downtown Duluth with the Duluth Entertainment Convention Center and beautiful Canal Park.

With the city’s culture in mind, the parking structure was designed with four separate parking areas to serve the diversity of local retail and attractions: ●● Level 1 includes underground contract parking as

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Focused on Efficiency, Environment, and Experience Efficiency

Rather than being purely bottom-line driven, each feature of the transportation center was designed with efficiency, environment, and user experience in mind. Throughout the build process, construction was phased and temporary structures were erected to continuously maintain pedestrian traffic through the Northwest Passage, preserving access to surrounding retail and the convention center. The existing dilapidated parking structure was replaced with a new

PHOTOS COURTESY OF JEFF FREY PHOTOGRAPHY

Designed for Duluth

well as metered public street parking along the alley running through and below the structure. ●● Level 2 consists of the transportation center, secure bicycle storage, and the police substation, along with parking for buses and police vehicles. ●● Levels 3 and 4 contain additional contract parking, hourly parking for local retail, and event parking for the Duluth Entertainment Convention Center.

While the transportation center achieved the goals of increasing parking and improving the skywalk, perhaps the most significant project achievement was bringing together multiple modes of transportation in a single location that is centrally located, convenient, and safe for all users.

416-space structure designed for a 50-year service life to ensure the project efforts and expense would stand the test of time.

Addressing the winter climate and frequent snowfall, a snowmelt system was installed within the Michigan Street sidewalk and a snow chute with galvanized steel baffles was installed for parking structure snow removal. In addition to structural elements aimed at increasing efficiency, the facility was also designed to reduce pedestrian congestion at major bus stops and facilitate passenger transfers with reduced wait times in a safe, secure environment.

PHOTOS COURTESY OF JEFF FREY PHOTOGRAPHY

Environment

As a Minnesotan lakeside town, a focus on low environmental impact was important throughout design and construction. The lowest level of the new parking structure was built underground into a steep hill. To avoid additional, unnecessary excavation of the adjacent Michigan Street, some of the concrete retaining walls from the original structure were left in place and then strengthened after the demolition.

Solar panels were installed on the parking structureâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s south elevation, as well as on top of sunshades placed at the perimeter of the fourth level. The Northwest Passage connected to the parking structure features an open glass facade for natural lighting, in addition to steam-heated floor slabs. Throughout the rest of the parking.org/tpp

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transportation center, new LED lighting created an attractive, inviting, and energy-efficient facility. Electric charging stations for both vehicles and buses were also included, supporting and encouraging increased use of electric vehicles.

Experience

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Positioned for Innovation As an homage to the city’s transportation history and penchant for innovation, the transportation center is not the last stop on Duluth’s transportation journey.

Designed for future light-rail use, the transportation center may soon be the first station along the Northern Lights Express, providing high-speed passenger rail service between Duluth and Minneapolis. Steeped in the heritage of the Duluth Transportation Authority, the multimodal transportation center strategically positions Duluth for continued transportation evolution.

PHOTOS COURTESY OF LHB CORP.

Some of what may be the most innovative aspects of the Duluth Transportation Center exist to provide a comfortable, safe, superior experience to all users. The facility was designed with all users in mind—pedestrian, auto driver, cyclist, bus passenger and staff. Cornerstones to the downtown culture, the four skywalks supported by the structure provide safe and easy access to the surrounding areas, including a convenient walkway across the interstate to the Duluth Entertainment Convention Center, making the parking structure an integral hub in Duluth’s extensive skywalk system. For user comfort and ease of use, real-time signs and information monitors were installed at several sites within the facility.

Heated passenger waiting areas, steam-heated floor slabs, and covered bus staging ensure passengers are comfortable throughout their time in the center. An ample secure bicycle storage facility was included to allow for easy transfers between cycling and other forms of transportation.

PHOTO COURTESY OF LHB CORP.

CARL WALKER, a division of WGI, provided parking consulting and efficient parking functional design services and specified the parking and revenue control equipment for the facility. Carl Walker also performed structural design for the parking garage, bus transfer level, transit center, and multiple skywalk bridge supports. The project design-build team was led by Mortenson Construction and LHB, Inc.

parking.org/tpp

JOSHUA ROZEBOOM, PE, is a senior project manager for Carl Walker, a division of WGI. He can be reached at josh. rozeboom@wginc. com.

OCTOBER 2017 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

37

Designed for

DEVELOP

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

MENT

C

an a dramatically designed parking garage help transform a once blighted area into a developerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s dream? Yes, and the lessons learned from

the Pompano Beach Fishing Village Project and the accompanying Pier Parking Garage in Florida can aid other leaders looking to revitalize their communities.

A parking garage plays an instrumental role in revitalizing a once-thriving part of town.

By Jess Sowards, AIA, LEED AP

With its soaring LED-lit canvas boat sails, magnificently massive fish mural, and stunning glass elevator, the parking structure, which cost $20.6 million and opened in June 2016, was instantly labeled iconic and became an integral part of the cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s brand. In fact, the design helped define the city as a rising star ready to embrace a shining new image.

Revitalizing an Area Prior to the parking garage being put out to bid for design, the city had already secured a development partner to build a trendy restaurant and retail fishing village.

However, the planned parking garage was located on a prominent corner and was going to affect the entire development, especially since it was to be the first structure built.

As currently estimated, the economic development from the overall project will stimulate 580 permanent jobs with payroll of $18 million and total annual revenues to the City of Pompano Beach of approximately $971,543. Although the Fishing Village project itself was well-received, the garage was not without controversy as some wondered why such a stylish and seemingly costly structure should

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39

be built in an area where the retail shops and restaurants were only in the permitting stage and not yet built.

Located on state road A1A across the street from the Atlantic Ocean, the proposed garage had a mission that was much bigger than providing places to park cars. It was the lynchpin in the Pompano Beach Community Redevelopment Agency’s (CRA’s) plan to demonstrate the city’s commitment to future development. In my opinion, the CRA and the city’s leadership were strategic in understanding the critical importance of establishing a parking garage well in advance of need. This decision allayed developers’ and their tenants’ concerns about investing in an area of the city that was considered run down and in need of a new image.

As an architect who has worked with numerous cities, I understand that structures such as bridges,

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firehouses, and parking garages are reflections of the overall pride a community feels. By investing in this type of infrastructure, cities can renew a sense of place and spark interest in private investment.

Pompano Beach, located between Boca Raton and Fort Lauderdale, suffered an image problem. Despite its stunning beachfront area, it never recovered from years of hurricane damage, and developers constantly overlooked the city for its better-branded counterparts.

Understanding the need to reinvent the town, the CRA crafted a long-term strategy that would bring restaurants, retail, a new pier, and possibly a hotel to the area. The vision, however, would use the garage to reaffirm the city’s commitment to build quality public structures, raising the bar for the private sector to also invest at an equally high standard.

The Design The 239,646-square-foot structure was designed with 662 parking spaces and a first level that includes retail space, a tourism office, a welcome center, and a storage area for lifeguard operations. The wavelike design of the ground level is evocative of the structure’s maritime location and was created to integrate and activate the pedestrian level.

To accentuate the nautical theme, we proposed 16 3-D, sail-shaped facade canopies to engulf more than 27,000 square feet of surface area. Because the garage is located in a hurricane-prone state, the material is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fiberglass and can withstand wind forces of 170 miles per hour or the equivalent of a category-4 hurricane. The frames for the sails were welded to embed plates that were integrated into the precast structure prior to construction. LED lights shine onto the durable, weather resistant sails, allowing the city to modify the look of the garage as needed.

When we proposed these sail-shaped canopies, Kaufman Lynn Construction, the garage builder, brought in Birdair, a specialty contractor for custom tensile fabric structures. The structure was then designed backward, starting and revolving around the weight of the proposed sails. Working closely with Birdair and Metromont, Kaufman Lynn was able to guide the project while it was being designed, based on pricing and programming.

Serving a Purpose Due to the parking garage’s beachside location, corrosive-resistant white concrete, stainless steel hardware, high-quality glass, and an anodized finish on the aluminum were all used throughout the structure. Additionally, all vegetation used throughout the structure is native to Florida and was specified for salt and wind tolerance.

The rooftop of the Pompano Beach Parking Garage was designed and constructed with both the end user and the surrounding community in mind. Fabric canopies were selected to provide shade for the cars while minimizing windshield glare for surrounding residents who are able to view the structure from their high-rise homes. Beige concrete was used to create an aesthetically pleasing look, and the open floorplan was designed to accommodate rooftop events in the future.

“The city built the Pier Parking Garage because city residents and patrons of the coming restaurants and retail establishments now under construction on our beach would not have a place to park otherwise,” says Suzette Sibble, Pompano Beach assistant city manager.

The new beachside restaurant, Beach House, will be the first feature of the area to open and is slated for completion in November/December 2017. The second restaurant, Oceanic, is slated to open in November 2018. parking.org/tpp

Other planned retail and food establishments include Burger-Fi, Kilwins, Alvins Island Beachwear, and other desirable beachside amenities.

“Were it not for the iconic parking garage, these quality establishments would not have been interested in coming to Pompano Beach. The city had to demonstrate a commitment evidencing its support (in the form of parking infrastructure investment) of the planned private development. The parking garage was therefore an economic development stimulus for our beach area,” says Sibble.

Pompano Beach had to demonstrate a commitment evidencing its support (in the form of parking infrastructure investment) of the planned private development.

Economic Impacts The CRA commissioned an expert to discuss the economic impact benefits for the private development, and using economic impact analysis software, the process confirmed that the economic impact benefits of the project are numerous. As stated prior, the total annual revenues to the City of Pompano Beach are approximately $971,543. This is inclusive of $547,000 in annual lease payments to the city from the developer (this has built-in escalators with yield over 50-year lease term for all parcels at about $43 million), new tax increment revenues ($301,618), utility taxes ($67,457), franchise fees ($26,518), and fire/emergency medical service fees ($28,950). It is also anticipated that an additional $70 million in parking revenues will be generated through the financing term of the garage.

“Even without the restaurants open yet, the garage is filling up for holidays and events,” says Chris Brown, co-founder of Redevelopment Management Associates, which manages the CRA. “As development continues, the garage will be a major contributor to the revenue stream of the city.”

The lessons of the Pompano Beach Pier Parking Garage are ones that all parking professionals should keep in mind. Pompano Beach built for the future, they built with a long-term strategy in place, and they understood that an extraordinary design can bring extraordinary private sector investment results.

The garage was designed by Currie Sowards Aguila Architects and built by Kaufman Lynn Construction.

JESS SOWARDS, AIA, LEED AP, is a partner at Currie Sowards Aguila Architects. He can be reached at jess@csaarchitects.com.

OCTOBER 2017 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

41

re t h i I

MMEDIATELY after a parking structure is opened for business, it is subjected to a harsh environment: standing water, salt ingress, freezing and thawing, temperature changes, and leaks, among other things. This environmental attack causes the parking structure to deteriorate, eventually requiring repairs at some point. Typical repairs include concrete demolition and replacement and application of waterproofing coatings.

By Kyle Stanish, PhD, SE, PE

What to expect when you are restoring structures.

When repairs are necessary, there is an effect on parking operations and users. Living through a repair program is unpleasant and inconvenient, but not all repair programs are created Typical parking equal. There are decisions that can be structure deterioration. made and approaches that can be used by the owner, consulting engineer, and contractor that can minimize the effects and inconvenience. Sometimes these come with trade-offs or extra cost, but knowing what to expect at the start of the project allows them to be considered and intelligent choices made so the repair program has the maximum chance for success.

The Effects Different construction activities have different effects on the users of the parking facility: ●● Dust. Dust is primarily produced by concrete repairs—jackhammering, sawcutting, sandblasting, etc. While contractors will have equipment to protect themselves, the dust has a definite effect on the public. The dust will be visible in the air, affecting visibility for people walking or driving through the area. Those people also do not want

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n k i n g

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Application of waterproofing membrane.

to inhale the airborne dust. After it has been created, dust can settle on cars and people even outside the work zone. And garage patrons do not want to come to a dirty car at the end of the day. ●● Noise. In addition to being dusty, concrete repair is noisy. The machinery and demolition can be extremely loud. While it is typically not loud enough to cause hearing damage during a short exposure outside the work area, it does create an unpleasant experience.

People don’t want to enter a loud area to park or pick up their car. One thing that is always surprising is how far through a building the noise travels—it transmits great distances through the concrete structure. ●● Odors. Unlike dust and noise, odors and fumes are primarily produced by the application of waterproofing systems. There has been a greater awareness of the effects of these products, and volatile organic compound (VOC) limits are becoming more tightly controlled, leading to a reduction in fumes. Different people have different sensitivities to these type of odors; some people will suffer from headaches or nausea while others will be unaffected. One good thing is that the odors typically dissipate quickly and are only present while the waterproofing material is being applied.

Strategies to Mitigate Impacts There are a number of different strategies that can be used to mitigate the impacts of construction. Different strategies can help with different impacts; some of them are shown in Table 1. These should be considered by the owner, consulting engineer, and contractor when planning the work, as some have cost and schedule considerations.

Partitions

The construction area needs to be separated from the area open to the public for safety reasons—you can’t

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INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

Typical dust-proof partition.

Table 1. Impacts and Strategies DUST

NOISE

Partitions

X

Hydrodemolition

X

X

Off-Hours Work

X

X

Product Selection Ventilation

ODOR

X X

X

X

have people walking or driving through the work area when construction is going on. A simple barrier such as construction tape or a snow fence is all that is needed to keep the public out and designate work areas.

To mitigate the impact of dust on the public, however, these partitions need to be beefed up. They need to be full height and of a solid material to be dust-proof, although not 100 percent effective. Frequently, visqueen, plastic sheets, or plywood can be used to construct the

dividers, supported at the top and the bottom by the parking structure. On the roof level, it will not be feasible to create a roof to completely enclose the work area, but high dividers can at least keep most of the dust in.

The disadvantage of requiring the contractors to install more substantial partitions is the cost and the effect on schedule. It is more expensive to install this type of partition compared with construction tape or a section of temporary fencing, but this cost is usually small compared to the overall project cost. There is an impact on schedule as well, as it will take the contractors additional time to erect and take down the partitions for each phase of the project when the area of work moves.

Hydrodemolition equipment

Hydrodemolition

Hydrodemolition is the removal of concrete using high-pressure water rather than chipping hammers.

While not quiet, it does have a lower volume than manual demolition, and the noise is more consistent so is frequently considered less annoying. Its big advantage is that it does not produce dust. It does produce water and mud that must be managed so hydrodemolition is feasible if there is a large of amount of concrete repair.

An area is required to manage the water and allow it to be treated prior to discharge. One limitation is that hydrodemolition cannot be used with post-tensioned concrete structures, not only due to the possibility of tendon breakage but also because the hydrodemolition will strip off the sheathing and water will enter the ducts, leading to future corrosion problems. If you have buried electrical conduit in the slab, there also will likely be some issues.

Working During Off-Hours

Having the contractor work during off-hours is often an attractive arrangement when it is possible. If parkers are not present in your parking structure when the work is going on, they will not be as affected by dust, odors, and noise.

First you need to evaluate the off-hours for your facility. For example, office buildings are primarily busy during the work day but empty at night. However, for residential buildings, the parking is usually busy during the evening and on weekends, so their off-time would be during the day. For a shopping mall, the first part of the week (Monday through Wednesday) and early in the morning is typically less busy than the remainder of the week, and itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s prudent to avoid all times between Thanksgiving and Christmas. Some facilities, such as hospitals, do not have an off-time. parking.org/tpp

Once an off-time has been identified, local ordinances need to be considered. Although you may be happy to have contractors making noise during the evenings, your residential neighbors may not be so happy and there are frequently municipal noise ordinances to keep in mind.

The primary disadvantage of working during off-hours when it is permitted is that there may be a premium for working at this time. If the available number of hours are less than a normal working day, working then also may extend the project schedule. The expectations for off-hour work should be clearly communicated during bidding. It also needs to be remembered that just because the contractor is working off-hours, the area that is being blocked off for the work will frequently need to remain blocked off the entire time, even when work is not being done.

Product Selection

Reducing the effects of odors on the public starts before the start of construction with appropriate product selection. Although there are government limitations on the amount of fumes than can be produced by different product types, these are maximums. For many product types, there are subcategories that are designed to produce even lower odors. Using one of these products can help reduce the effects of the odors, particularly in confined areas or where the public tends to be sensitive.

In addition to low-odor products, there are a few products that can come with an additive that modifies the smell. It changes it from a chemical smell to a more natural one such as oranges or vanilla. While the amount of odor is not lessened, this change will usually reduce OCTOBER 2017 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

45

Creating a bypass zone.

the number of complaints. The availability of these additives will vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, so this is something that should be determined during the design stage of the project.

Ventilation The ventilation in and around the work zone has a big effect on the impact of strong odors on the public. This is in two ways: First, there needs to be enough ventilation so the build-up of fumes can be avoided. If the concentration is kept low enough, it will not be noticed. The contractor may need to supply extra fans to provide an additional flow of air. Using air filters can also help with dispersion of dust.

Just as important is considering where you are venting the odors. You will need to think about such things as where the fresh air intake for neighboring buildings is relative to the work area. It may be necessary to shut off or re-route building ventilation temporarily while the work is being done.

Construction and Structure Use

KYLE STANISH, PhD, SE, PE, is senior associate and parking restoration practice lead at Klein & Hoffman. He can be reached at kstanish@ kleinandhoffman.com.

46

One of the greatest sources of inconvenience is the number of parking spaces that need to be taken out of service. This disrupts parking operations, displaces some of your parkers, and directly affects revenues.

It is necessary to balance the disruption and loss of revenue with the need to get the work completed. Contractors need to take spaces out of service to provide not just a work area but also to allow cars to bypass the work zone to get to other areas of the structure and for safety such as closing the floor beneath where demolition is occurring.

The cost of the project goes up and the duration is extended when the number of spaces available is reduced. A minimum size of the work area is necessary for the contractors to be efficient. If the areas get too

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

small, the work becomes more expensive and takes longer. The schedule can extend more than would be expected—e.g., cutting the number of spaces available for the contractor in half can more than double the time frame of the product. The number of spaces that can be made available to the contractor must be determined prior to bidding the project and needs to balance the needs of the owner and contractor.

There are a few approaches that can be used to help manage the effects of having spaces out of service, particularly for long-term monthly parkers such as employees. These are more applicable within a parking system with alternative parking facilities available.

Prior to the start of the work, the entire parking system needs to be evaluated to determine its capacity relative to demand, even if some of the parking is less convenient. When that has been done, an appropriate system can be put in place to help manage parking needs. Shuttling or valet parking may be needed for the duration of the project. Incentives can be used to encourage use of less-desirable parking. This can be discounted parking, for example, but as an alternative to direct benefits, sometimes a sweepstakes-type incentive may be used. Parkers who agree to give up their monthly parking pass or use a less desirable location could be entered in a monthly drawing for a prize—say a television or an iPad or free parking for a year. This is often popular with users as there is the opportunity to get a larger incentive. But the costs for the prizes are less than the cost for providing a smaller incentive to each individual. If parking needs are identified during the planning stages of a project, creative methods can be used to meet them.

Communication Even with the use of all the techniques discussed above, there still will be some disruption to the users of a parking facility under repair. There is no getting around it. This is when good communication becomes necessary. The more users know what to expect, the better they can plan for it and reduce personal disruption.

Signage is necessary for communicating immediate information and short messages, such as “turn here” or “this area is closed.” Signage should be clear, unambiguous, and easily read. It needs to communicate information while people are driving in a location that is often chaotic and unfamiliar as it can change from day to day.

Longer-term or more complicated information can be posted in elevator lobbies, for example. If there is a large number of monthly parkers and you have their email addresses, information can be communicated to them that way. Important information includes high-level schedule, timing of work area changes, upcoming disruptions, and contact information for problems.

WHEN WE GREENBUILD, WE . . .

Enhance Human Health and Wellbeing

Restore and Protect Water Sources

Build a Green Economy

. . . ARE ALL IN. EVERYONE. EVERY PROJECT. EVERYWHERE.

NOVEMBER 8–10, 2017 • BOSTON CONVENTION & EXHIBITION CENTER

Greenbuild is owned and produced by Informa Exhibitions and presented by the U.S. Green Building Council. Boston Society of Architects is the founder and presenter of ABX.

IPI IN ACTION IPI AWARDS PROGRAMS

GET IN THE GAME!

By Helen Sullivan, APR, Fellow PRSA

W

hen was the last time you gained industry recognition for a project, program, or career achievement? People balk at the idea of entering an awards competition for many reasons: They’re too busy to bother, they believe they won’t measure up against the competition, or they simply don’t realize the value of their accomplishments. If any of these sound familiar, I’d encourage you to think again.

Nov. 6 is the deadline for entering IPI’s three major awards programs. The Awards of Excellence honor outstanding achievement in parking design, sustainability, and operations. The Professional Recognition Program acknowledges professionals and organizations whose careers and programs have helped advance the parking profession. The Parking Matters® Marketing & Communications Awards spotlight innovative and imaginative communications, PR, and marketing programs.

Five Reasons to Take a Swing Preparing and polishing your entry for one of these programs requires a small investment of time, but the pay-offs can be huge and far-reaching. Consider some of these benefits: 1. Everyone wants to be on a winning team. Studies have shown that employees value recognition and working in a fun, engaging environment significantly more than tangible financial rewards. When you earn industry recognition, you bolster pride and teamwork and motivate employees to work toward more future success. An award can also serve as a magnet, attracting talented people from other companies to join your team.

3. It’s useful to practice your pitch. The simple act of outlining your accomplishments for an award entry is a great exercise. It helps develop your pitching skills, think about how best to differentiate yourself from competitors, and focus on areas that could use improvement.

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ISTOCK / KAYANN / SDART

2. You are seen as a heavy hitter. Whether you’re working to advance your own career or the reputation of your company, receiving an award gives you credibility and clout. It serves as a third-party endorsement that peers, rival companies, and potential customers can’t help but pay attention to. It establishes you as a leader in the market and gives you leverage for future business.

4. The free publicity covers many bases. When IPI broadcasts your achievements, we reach the diverse sectors of our membership as well as the media, both of which can yield immeasurable benefits. It may open the door to new customers or clients, markets, suppliers, or individual career opportunities. Press releases and features about parking industry awards often result in positive local and national media coverage that reinforces the value of the profession and its progressive embrace of technology and sustainability.

5. Awards keep you striving for your personal best. Every project you successfully complete gives you practice tackling challenges head-on and applying creative and innovative solutions.

Sometimes, not winning a competition can be equally valuable: It sparks your competitive juices and prompts you to reevaluate and strengthen your efforts, which increases the chances that you will hit a future home run.

Parking professionals overcome challenges every day that provide plenty of impressive stories to tell. Please take time out to tell us yours—and submit your award entry by Nov. 6. Wouldn’t it be rewarding to be among the award winners recognized at the 2018 IPI Conference & Expo in Orlando, Fla., next June? 2018 might be the year you demonstrate that you’re playing to win.

Enter awards online. Learn more about categories, criteria, and how to submit an entry at parking.org/awards.

Deadline for Award Submissions—Nov. 6 Awards of Excellence Best Design of a Parking Facility with Fewer than 800 Space Best Design of a Parking Facility with 800 or More Spaces Best Design/Implementation of a Surface Parking Lot Innovation in a Parking Operation or Program Best Parking Facility Rehabilitation or Restoration Award for New Sustainable Parking & Transportation Facilities Excellence Award for Architectural Achievement

ISTOCK / A-DIGIT

Professional Recognition James M. Hunnicutt, CAPP, Parking Professional of the Year Parking Organization of the Year Parking Supervisor of the Year Parking Staff Member of the Year Emerging Leader of the Year Parking Matters® Marketing & Communications Awards This year, for the first time, commercial operators, consultants, and supplier/vendors are encouraged to enter and will be judged in a separate category.

parking.org/tpp

HELEN SULLIVAN, APR, Fellow PRSA, is IPI’s communications counsel. She can be reached at sullivan@ parking.org.

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STATE & REGIONAL SPOTLIGHT PARKING ASSOCIATION OF THE VIRGINIAS

A TRANSFORMATIVE YEAR IN THE VIRGINIAS

By Robert Fries, CAPP

T

his year has been transformative for the Parking Association of the Virginias (PAV). We explored new ways to recognize and honor our membership as well and provided meaningful topics on the latest parking trends. Like most state as regional associations, PAV is committed to expanding the knowledge base of our membership and provide value as they progress through their parking careers.

Conference Based on the positive membership feedback from past trade shows and conferences, PAV provided concurrent sessions along with two days of training opportunities for frontline employees and management during the fall conference and trade show held in Charlottesville, Va. The presentations were broad and diverse, ranging from intelligent transportation systems and sustainability to planning and health care reform. Leading experts in their fields shared their wealth of knowledge on these challenging topics and made us think about big-picture trends occurring within our industry.

Of course, no parking conference is complete without training from IPI’s Cindy Campbell on customer service and tactical communications. Every successful organization has to perform these basic services flawlessly every day. We also had membership’s fan-favorite Julius Rhodes, of the mpr group and a columnist for The Parking Professional, provide additional leadership and

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workforce development training. Just like Cindy, Julius brings a dynamic and engaging training presentation style with practical and easy-to-use advice to advance our membership’s parking skills and careers.

Recognizing Excellence PAV membership was fortunate to have IPI’s CEO Shawn Conrad, CAE, deliver a keynote presentation on the state of IPI and the parking industry during the luncheon. After the lunch we had our first awards ceremony to honor the men and women who work tirelessly every day, making our respective parking organizations operate efficiently and with great attention to customer service. The PAV board decided to have the presentation immediately after lunch so that everyone in attendance witnessed the surprise and excitement of the winners receiving public recognition.

PAV offers two types of service awards: One is for the most outstanding frontline employee and the other is for most outstanding supervisor. The criteria are broadly based on leadership, customer service, reliability, quality of work, and overall value to the organization. To avoid conflict of interest or any appearance of favoritism, all award candidates were judged and evaluated by the Mid-Atlantic Parking Association. PAV will continue building on the success gained during the first year and will make the awards ceremony a part of every conference and trade show.

The winner for outstanding frontline employee was Michelle Potts from Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Va. Michelle brings a cheerful attitude along with extraordinary professional skills, providing positive and flexible customer service to students, faculty, and staff.

Her actions mirror Old Dominion University’s mission and values on a daily basis.

The winner for outstanding supervisor was Ben Cave from George Mason University (GMU) in Fairfax County and from SP+. Ben served as the point person for a seemingly never-ending array of very high-profile visits to GMU from presidential and vice presidential candidates, as well as construction impacts in which busy roads and shuttle stops were closed. Ben is respected for his work ethic, his leadership, and his open and respectful communication style. He has one of the toughest jobs in a very complex environment and handles it with grace and passion.

Spring Event Continuing on the concept of transforming our offerings, PAV had its first two-day spring event in downtown, historical Fredericksburg, Va., in April. Traditionally, the spring event is a workshop focusing on a specific topic within parking or transportation. The board has been ruminating on a format change for some time and decided that this year would be perfect to add a day dedicated to a forum on municipal issues that actively engages membership and other attendees. PAV invited industry experts from Parkeon, LAZ Parking, Kimley-Horn, DESMAN, Passport, NuPark, and Republic Parking to give presentations on parking management and enforcement, creating a paid parking program, and using parking as an economic development tool.

The forum was provided for free to all attendees and, the turnout was great. There were many new faces from northern Virginia; Washington, D.C.; and North Carolina.

Attendees included developers, parking consultants, contractors, and some politicians. PAV was fortunate parking.org/tpp

to have Fredericksburg Vice Mayor William Withers in attendance for the municipal forum. Fredericksburg is currently contemplating adding metered parking in the downtown area to manage parking demand and create space optimization.

Parking is often a misunderstood industry with public perceptions frequently laser-focused on the proverbial mean meter maid lurking in the darkness waiting for someone to park illegally just to write them a parking ticket. The municipal forum was designed to explain the need for parking management to gain acceptance of a formal parking program as cities plan for future growth in population, transportation, mobility, and access. If planned and executed properly, parking can be used to facilitate economic development and help cities provide more efficient transportation systems to reduce travel times and excessive congestion. The municipal forum was able to capture these concepts and provide real-world examples and case studies on how parking programs and services are helping to accomplish these municipal goals.

Lastly, the second day of the spring event was the traditional workshop format that centered on parking and transportation systems with the university and municipal settings. The topics revolved around transitioning new parking leaders into the workforce and managing competing parking conflicts between university and municipalities for a win-win outcome. Each session was interactive and used case studies, personal experiences, and workable resolutions.

For more information about the Parking Association of the Virginias, email pav@pavonline.org

ROBERT FRIES, CAPP, is parking manager with the city of Virginia Beach. He can be reached at rfries@vbgov.com.

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COMMUNITY DIGEST

Hörmann Acquires TNR Industrial Doors, Inc. HÖRMANN, HEADQUARTERED IN GERMANY, announced its pur-

located in Burgettstown, Pa., will continue as usual, with fur-

chase of TNR Industrial Doors, Inc., located in Barrie, On-

ther expansion of 150,000 square feet. TNR Industrial Doors

tario, Canada. The acquisition reinforces Hörmann’s strong

will continue to manufacture its line of rubber doors and

worldwide growth to 28 manufacturing facilities, four of

miscellaneous fabric and high-performance door models.

which are in America.

“This will enable both companies to offer an expanded

With the acquisition of TNR Doors, Hörmann aims to

range of doors to their customers,” says Christoph Hör-

further expand their high-performance door presence in

mann, managing partner of the Hörmann Group. “We are

Canada, U.S., Central America, the Caribbean, and beyond.

gaining another long-established company, and with its

Manufacturing at the Hörmann High-­ Performance Door facility

location in Canada, will allow further growth within the high-­performance door market in America and beyond.”

UNC Charlotte Brings Smart Parking to Campus

U

NC CHARLOTTE (UNCC) has

portation Services (PaTS) a new

PaTS director. “We are excited to

partnered with NuPark,

way to issue, modify, or remove

bring advanced technology to the

a provider of integrated,

parking privileges in real time. LPR

UNC Charlotte campus.”

real-time open parking manage-

technology is utilized to streamline

ment solutions, to bring smart

the permit verification process and

convenient options for students, fac-

parking to campus operations.

to gather parking occupancy and

ulty, and staff: Virtual parking per-

UNCC will optimize its parking

utilization analytics. This new data

mits can be linked to license plates,

operations across campus by im-

will allow PaTS to increase the flex-

which means customers no longer

plementing NuPark’s open parking

ibility, efficiency, and availability of

need to go to the parking office to

management platform, including

parking on campus.

receive their parking permits. Stu-

license plate recognition (LPR),

“License plate recognition for en-

LPR technology offers additional

dents, faculty, and staff can access

virtual permits, gate system inte-

forcement is becoming popular for

the new parking system’s web por-

gration, and multiple mobile pay-

institutional use across the country

tal to purchase permits, manage

ment options.

as the technology becomes a more

accounts, and much more, all from

reliable, cost-effective solution, “

the convenience of their computer,

says Doug Lape, UNC Charlotte’s

tablet, or phone.

NuPark’s management platform offers UNCC’s Parking and Trans-

52

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

Jacob Gonzalez, PE, Joins WGI’s Carl Walker Division in Texas WGI ANNOUNCED THAT JACOB GONZALEZ, PE, joined the firm’s Parking Solutions Division in its new partner, Carl Walker (CW), a division of WGI. Jacob, as vice president-parking solutions, will remain in Houston,Texas, leveraging contacts and experience accumulated during an almost 20-year career that included 18 years at a national consulting firm, where he grew from an engineer and parking consultant to leader of its Prime PM team, and ultimately director of parking. Jacob also spent nine months as managing principal of a parking specialty firm’s Houston office.

Moving forward, Jacob will utilize his experience by working collaboratively with WGI’s Carl Walker Texas group—also taking on the responsibility of collaborating with CW’s team to cross-sell WGI’s services in Texas.

“I’m excited to grow the combined WGI/Carl Walker presence here and assist the parking solutions team to establish parking and restoration services in the Florida market and nationally,” he says.

David Wantman, PE, and president of WGI, says, “We are extremely lucky to have Jacob join our team. His decades of experience in business development and his passion for parking solutions consulting, client service, and relationships dovetails with WGI’s steadfast commitment to client services excellence.”

High Performance, High Speed, Impactable Door Systems for Parking Garage Applications

TNR Rubber roll-up Doors are ideal for Urban Environments • Takes a vehicle Impact and Easily Resets!

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parking.org/tpp

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1-866-792-9968

OCTOBER 2017 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

53

COMMUNITY DIGEST

INRIX Powers the World’s First On-Street Parking Service in a Connected Car INRIX, INC. ANNOUNCED THE AVAILABILITY of its on-street parking service in the new BMW 5 Series sedan. INRIX delivers the industry’s first real-time on-street parking service in a connected car, which uses historical and up-to-the-minute parking data to predict the availability of parking spaces.

“Real-time parking is the most sought-after navigation feature because it addresses a pain point that affects everyone,” says Joe Berry, vice president and general manager of automotive at INRIX. “The first automotive deployment of INRIX on-street parking solidifies BMW’s position at the forefront of connected car technology with a focus on delivering the services drivers want the most.”

The BMW 5 Series also includes a real-time traffic service, powered by INRIX in North America, for up-to-the-minute and predictive traffic flow information for routes, travel times, and alerts to accidents and incidents on over 5 million miles of roads. INRIX Traffic incorporates information from its network of more than 300 million connected vehicles and devices in over 40 countries.

Parkopedia Launches the 2017 Global Parking Index • Proven performance (since 1958) • Collect unpaid fines • Models for all applications • Parking enforcement • Anti-theft applications Prevent wheel damage!

Use Rhino D, H, HG & PB Series (US PAT. 5,865,048 6,032,497)

CALL FOR CATALOG 5513 HWY 348 DELTA, CO 81416 970-243-9500 fax 243-9200 toll free 1-866-545-6484 services@mitico.com website: mitico.com PROUDLY MADE IN THE USA

54

Parkopedia released findings from its 2017 Global Parking Index with the aim of providing an accurate global overview of the parking market. The Global Parking Index report is based on Parkopedia’s own dataset, covering more than 50 million parking spaces across 6,500 cities in 75 countries.

New York, N.Y., is the most expensive city in the world to park for two hours with an average cost of $30. Australian drivers pay more than anyone else in the world for daily parking. London, U.K., tops the list of most expensive cities for monthly parking.

London, U.K., and Tokyo, Japan are the only non-Australian/American cities to appear in the top 10 list. By contrast, Germany, Europe’s largest economy, has relatively cheap parking. Germany’s most expensive city is Munich, which comes in at number 90 globally with an average parking cost of $5.69.

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

COMMUNITY DIGEST

Derek Kiley Joins Scheidt & Bachmann’s USA Division PARKING SOLUTIONS PROVIDER Scheidt & Bachmann USA brought on Derek Kiley, a parking industry professional, as a business development consultant.

Kiley will support the team with analyzing customer demand and implementing market strategies.

Furthermore, he will work closely within the organization to fulfill operators’ and other decisionmakers’ demands by supporting all aspects of the development of their digital strategy.

Prior to working with Scheidt & Bachmann, Kiley held multiple business development roles on an executive level. In this new role, Kiley will focus on client relations and business development.

Scheidt & Bachmann USA’s executive vice president, Henk de Bruin, says, “Derek knows how to run a business and understands the unique challenges that operators face in the parking industry. This is an exceptional combination, and we are thankful that he is supporting our team.”

Dero partners with DEZIGNLINE to Introduce New Protected Bikeway and Pedestrian Solutions for Safer Streets DERO IS PROUD TO PARTNER with DEZIGNLINE™

As DEZIGNLINE’s exclusive distributor, Dero

to offer cities a suite of protected bikeway and

now offers its complete suite of complementary,

are appropriate for new or retrofit construction

pedestrian solutions to create safer streets. These

aesthetically-pleasing products: BIKERAIL™,

Both BIKERAIL and PEDRAIL feature narrow

systems are innovative, cost-effective, modular

PEDRAIL™, Planters, and the PEDISTILL®

footprints and are comprised of segmental,

infrastructure options that physically separate ve-

Hand+Foot Rest. Designed to meet communities’

modular components that make these systems

hicular traffic from bike lanes and pedestrian zones.

minimal to robust project needs, all solutions

easy to expand, contract, or reconfigure. Rapidly

and for temporary or permanent installation.

deployable, durable steel rails connect and swivel at RAILHINGE™ posts to create the desired barrier configuration; vertical delineators can be attached to any post. Street maintenance crews in northern climates appreciate the snowplow-friendly anchoring system, making for easy snow removal. There is also clearance underneath the rail, which ensures storm water drainage.

Planters offer a green solution that provides maximum protection to cyclists in a bike lane.

DEZIGNLINE’s two sizes of architectural precast concrete planters are available in five colors, each with an acid wash finish. Additional options include a self-watering system, signage, and PEDISTILL® accessories.

PA R K I N G S O L U T I O N S C O M P E T I T I O N 2 0 1 8

DO YOU HAVE THE NEXT BIG IDEA?

Call for Entries opens October 16, 2017.

The Parking Solutions Competition is a design and development parking challenge for college students. Finalists demonstrate creativity, innovation, realism, applicability, scalability, and presentation skills.

Visit parking.org/parkingsolutions and follow #IPIparkingsolutions for competition details and announcements.

parking.org/parkingsolutions

COMMUNITY DIGEST

Parking BOXX Named to Inc. 5000 List as One of America’s Fasted-Growing Private Companies PARKING BOXX, the North American-based parking systems manufacturer and software developer, has been named to the 2017 Inc. 5000 list as one of the fastest-growing private companies in the United States. This year marks the 36th straight year that Inc. has recognized the companies that comprise the most important segment of the economy—America’s independent entrepreneurs. Past honorees include some of the world’s best-known companies, including Microsoft, Oracle, UnderArmour, Intuit, GoPro, Domino’s Pizza, LinkedIn, and Zillow.

“We are honored to be named to the Inc. 5000 list,” says Renee Smith, president

and chief technology officer of Parking BOXX. “Parking plays a huge role in America’s economy, and Parking BOXX has earned its position as one of the industry’s most innovative and successful technology providers.

We are pleased to have our success recognized by Inc. magazine.”

Parking BOXX’s impressive growth earned the company the 990th position on the 2017 Inc. 5000, which was unveiled online at Inc.com.

“I’m particularly proud that we finished in the top 1,000,” says Smith. “Our success is a testament to the commitment and excellence of our amazing team.”

2018 IPI AWARDS NOW OPEN!

Awards for Parking Design, Sustainability, and Operations

Professional Recognition Awards

Parking Matters® Marketing & Communications Awards

Submission Deadline: November 6, 2017 | parking.org Awards ceremonies will take place at the 2018 IPI Conference & Expo Orlando, Fla. June 3-6, 2018 58

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

Parkeon Implements Paid Parking at National Mall PARKEON, INC., completed the installation of a new paid parking system for the National Park Service (NPS). The new system is deployed around the National Mall in the heart of Washington, D.C. NPS awarded the contract to Parkeon in February 2017 to supply and operate the new parking system. The system consists of 102 solar-powered, wireless Strada Pay Stations in a cashless configuration. Credit/ debit cards are the only available methods of payment. These multi-space meters control approximately 1,200 parking spaces throughout the National Mall and Rock Creek Park.

The pay stations are connected to Parkeon’s big data suite allowing both Parkeon and NPS staff to remotely monitor the system, explore parking trends and utilization patterns, study data correlations through spatial data analytics, and study sales, occupancy and rate efficiency in real time.

In an area where demand outpaces the supply of available spaces, the primary goal of the new system is to reduce traffic congestion

by increasing parking space turnover. High turnover leads to a more fair and equitable delivery of limited public spaces. Drivers who need to use spaces temporarily during the day will find more options available because it will become much more difficult for those in the habit of monopolizing public spaces to continue to operate that way under the new system. In addition to reduced congestion, the paid parking system will also subsidize and facilitate the use of public transportation in the area.

“We are very proud to have been selected for this important project,” says Benoit Reliquet, president of Parkeon, Inc. “The National Mall receives over 30 million visitors each year, and we look forward to working with the National Park Service to find innovative ways to make parking simple so that the overall visit to our nation’s capital is an enjoyable one.”

In its first full month of operation, the new system generated more than 60,000 successful parking transactions.

Legacy Parking Company Expands Client Portfolio and Bolsters Leadership Team LEGACY PARKING COMPANY, a parking services provider, announced a series of strategic growth developments at the company, including the signing of two new clients as well as the appointment of Noah B. Gens, a 17-year JLL veteran, as president.

Legacy Parking added two new clients to its growing roster. Those include the Equitable Building Parking Portfolio at 100 Peachtree in downtown Atlanta, Ga., and 701/801 Brickell Avenue (previously known as the Lincoln Center).

“By viewing parking facilities as high-performing assets and fully leveraging them with a clear operational strategy and high-touch management, we can help our clients harness the revenue potential of their parking structures,” said Joe Wenderoth, Legacy Parking Company’s chief executive officer. “This

parking.org/tpp

value-added approach, combined with our agile, entrepreneurial mindset, have been critical to differentiating our service offering in the marketplace and driving our growth.”

To best position Legacy Parking for continued growth, the company has bolstered its leadership team with the appointment of Gens as president. In his new role, Gens is responsible for the development and implementation of Legacy Parking’s corporate operating platform and growth strategy across the U.S. This includes deploying technology to automate processes, streamlining operations, and making strategic infrastructure investments to prepare the company for its continued growth. He will also lever-

age his deep commercial real estate industry expertise, insights, and contacts to strengthen existing relationships and develop new connections with owners and managers in key operating markets.

“Throughout my career, I’ve brought an unrelenting focus on integrity, client service, collaboration, and transparency to every assignment,” says Gens. “I’m thrilled to be joining an organization that lives these values every day and is beholden only to our clients and their success. I look forward to driving innovation throughout our operating platform to best meet, exceed, and anticipate our clients’ parking challenges and needs.”

OCTOBER 2017 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

59

PARKING CONSULTANTS

Park Place / Missoula, MT

• Parking Structure Planning & Design • Studies & Operations Consulting • Restoration Engineering • Structural Engineering

WGIparking.com or call toll free 866.909.2220

Rich & Associates, Inc. Parking Consultants - Planners Architects - Engineers Southfield, Michigan 248-353-5080

Lutz, Florida Chicago, Illinois 813-949-9860 312-421-7593

www.richassoc.com

60

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

Architecture | Engineering | Consulting The leading expert in developing structured parking solutions.

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OCTOBER 2017 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

61

ADVERTISERS INDEX CHANCE Management Advisors. . . . . . 61 chancemanagement.com 215.564.6464

Magnetic AutoControl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 ac-magnetic.com/usa 321.635.8585

Timothy Haahs & Associates, Inc. . . 7, 60 timhaahs.com 484.342.0200

DPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 dpstickets.com 877.375.5355

MITI Manufacturing Co., Inc... . . . . . . . . 54 mitico.com 866.545.6484

TNR Doors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 tnrdoors.com 705.792.9986

Hรถrmann High Performance Doors. . . . C2 hormann-flexon.com 800.365.3667

Parkeon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 parkeon.com 856.234.8000

Toledo Ticket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C4 toledoticket.com 800.533.6620

International Parking Design.. . . . . . . . . 61 ipd-global.com 818.986.1494

PCI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 pci.org 312.360.3216

Walker Consultants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 walkerconsultants.com 800.860.1579

IPS Group Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C3 ipsgroupinc.com 858.404.0607

Rich & Associates, Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 richassoc.com 248.353.5080

WGI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19, 60 wginc.com 866.909.2220

Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc.. . . 5, 60 kimley-horn.com/parking 919.653.6646

TIBA Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 tibaparking.com 770.491.7586

PARKING BREAK

JIM BASS is landside operations manager at the Bill and Hillary Clinton National Airport, Little Rock, Ark. He can be reached at jbass@fly-lit.com or 501.537.7354.

62

INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE | OCTOBER 2017

Highlighted are IPI and IPI Allied State and Regional Association Events

CALENDAR OF EVENTS

2017 October 3-4

October 17–20

November 1–2

IPI International Parking & Mobility Conference Bogotá, Colombia parking.org

Canadian Parking Association Annual Conference Banff, Alberta, Canada canadianparking.ca

Middle Atlantic Parking Association Fall Conference Baltimore, Md. midatlanticparkingassociation.org

October 8–11

October 23–24

November 8–10

Campus Parking & Transportation Association (CPTA) Norman, Okla. cptaonlione.com

IPI’s Leadership Summit Atlantic Beach, Fla. parking.org/100

Greenbuild Boston, Mass. greenbuildexpo.com

October 10–13

October 24–25

November 15–17

IPI/Abrapark International Parking Conference São Paulo, Brazil parking.org

California Public Parking Association Annual Conference Monterey, Calif. cppaparking.org

October 25–27

November 28— December 1

New York State Parking Association Silver Anniversary Albany, N.Y. nyspa.net

October 13 Middle Atlantic Parking Association Fall Golf Outing Windsor Mill, Md. midatlanticparkingassociation.org

Parking Association of the Virginias Annual Conference Williamsburg, Va. parking.org/calendar

Florida Parking Association Conference & Tradeshow Palm Beach Gardens, Fla. flparking.org

Save the Date!

2018 IPI Conference & Expo June 3–6, 2018

ISTOCK / AMPAK

Orlando, Fla. | ipiconference.parking.org

parking.org/tpp

OCTOBER 2017 | INTERNATIONAL PARKING INSTITUTE

63

the Early bird reg for #IPI2018 starts 10/31! Orlando this year...

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OCTOBER 2017 The Parking Professional ● WALKING (AND PARKING) IN MEMPHIS ● GARAGE OF THE FUTURE IN VIRTUAL REALITY ● DULUTH’S TRANSPORTATION CENTER ● REVITALIZING A TOWN WITH PARKING ● RESTORING STRUCTURES