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How to maximize your budget and plan for your future
Carlisle, Pa. March 2, 2013
2013
Our Future
4/5
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C2 • The Sentinel
Saturday, March 2, 2013
Our Future • March 2, 2013 • Section C
2013
Annual Report Dollars & Sense
How to maximize your budget and plan for your future
Inside this issue... 4 Saving for college 4 How to prepare for retirement 4 Tips for the first-time home-buyer 4 What goes into estate planning? 4 Investments – dangers and what to look for
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The Sentinel • C3
Welcome home! Our Future
How to buy a home – what you need, and what to do
By Travis Kellar The Sentinel
tkellar@cumberlink.com
After a few years of turbulence in the housing market, it might be the right time to consider finding the perfect home. Shaun Foote, president of Foote Capital Mortgage Co., explained that half of home buyers are purchasing their first home. That’s a trend he said is being seen on both a local and national level. Following the years of question in the housing market, there is better news for those considering entering the market — buyers seem to be more comfortable. “We’re seeing a pickup in the purchase mortgage market,” he said.
• See Buying, C4
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Saturday, March 2, 2013
“While it may be still somewhat of a buyer’s market, I think the playing field is starting to even out.” Ray “Buz” Wolfe
Owner of Wolfe and Co. Realtors
Buying
• Continued from C3
Ray “Buz” Wolfe, owner of Wolfe and Co. Realtors, also gauged the life of the housing market. In terms of gauging the market, he said it is typically referred to as either a buyer’s or
a seller’s market. In the mid 2000s, multiple offers from multiple buyers, bidding wars and properties selling for well-above asking price were common — all of which he attributed to it being a seller’s market. Now, after being a buyer’s market
from about 2007 to 2012, the market is the country, they genuinely do have a shortage of inventory.” beginning to change again. “While it may be still somewhat of Getting started a buyer’s market, I think the playing field is starting to even out,” Wolfe The first steps of buying a home said. “We don’t have a shortage of • See Buying, C5 inventory here, but in some parts of
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Buying
• Continued from C4
include speaking with a realtor and a mortgage representative. Wolfe said that looking for those two individuals or companies should be the first things buyers should do. He also placed emphasis on getting pre-
qualified for a home loan. “It’s absolutely the best thing to do,” he said. “It will put the buyer and buyer’s agent at ease in terms of the price range they should be searching within.” Pre-qualification will prove beneficial later in the process, as he explained
buyers that are pre-approved for a loan tend to be in a better position during negotiations. Shaun also stressed that buyers should see a mortgage advisor first. “That’s the best-case
• See Buying, C6
The Sentinel • C5
Jason Malmont/The Sentinel
Foote Capital Mortgage Company.
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Saturday, March 2, 2013
Buying
• Continued from C5
scenario, because some folks might not be able to buy right away,” he said. When a new client begins the process of seeking pre-approval, Rebecca Foote, vice president of Foote Capital Mortgage Co., listed a number of documents that they look at. W-2s, pay stubs, bank statements and tax returns are some examples. Those documents are used to gauge a buyer’s stability of income and job history. With those in mind, Shaun said they make sure a buyer is not going to overpay for a house and remain in their price range. Rebecca has an approach she uses to ensure buyers do not get in over their heads. She will ask what they are comfortable paying as opposed to what they outright qualified for. While someone might be able to afford paying for a $300,000 house, she said they may only be comfortable paying for a $150,000 house. As a result, she typically will not tell applicants the maximum that they qualify for. This mentality, according to Shaun, differs from what has happened in the past – buyers would want to know their maximum qualification, and buy accordingly.
• See Buying, C7
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Saturday, March 2, 2013
Buying
• Continued from C6
“The mortgage industry as a whole, and the real estate industry as a whole, has found that hasn’t done society any good,” he said. A person’s credit is also examined, but those with less-then-ideal credit should not be discouraged from looking for a home. In today’s market, Shaun explained that little or no credit can actually be worse than bad or mediocre credit. They may, he said, pay higher fees and interest rates than those with good credit. “It certainly should not deter them altogether,” he said. “It’s just a matter of going over that information with them to make sure that they know what their goals and objectives are.” The decision they then face is to buy with the questionable credit or wait until they can get a better deal. Waiting, Shaun said, might result in interest rates climbing. Rebecca also noted that three lines of active credit are required in order to buy a house.
Finances Educating clients is vital to Shaun and Rebecca. Each individual might have different needs and a loan that fits their situation. “We will educate our borrowers as to the type of loan we think it’s best for them, why we think it’s best for them and a backup,” Rebecca said. “It’s not uncommon for us to spend an hour on the phone educating a client before they are out there looking at
The Sentinel • C7
the houses.” Location, condition of the house and the type of house can all affect what loans a borrower may qualify for. Rebecca summed up house loans into two categories — government loans and conventional loans. Government loans include veterans administration loans, USDA loans and Federal Housing Agency loans. Conventional loans are the other category, which mean they are not insured by the government. “All the government loans are truly insured by the government,” Rebecca explained. “So if you don’t make your payment, the government will step in and subsidize the lender for a portion of it, where a conventional loan, they do not.” While a 30-year fixed interest rate is often associated with conventional loans, Rebecca said all loans tend to carry a similar rate. Shaun explained that interest rates are always fluctuating, and that there really is no “ideal” time to look into a mortgage. Generally, he said interest rates tend to be in the mid 3 percent range. “These are the lowest interest rates that we’ve ever seen,” Wolfe said. “It’s an unprecedented time for rates, and at some point, they have to tick up a little bit.” He also said that those low rates make it a great time for first-time buyers to enter the market.
• See Buying, C8
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C8 • The Sentinel
Saturday, March 2, 2013
Our Future
Buying and selling a home during the Buying off-season
While cold weather causes many people to stay snug and cozy indoors, it provides a great opportunity for home buyers to get out and find their dream home. Fall and winter are typically considered the off season in the housing market, but actually buyers can potentially find better deals and sellers may find the most serious buyer. To take advantage of the benefits of off-season real estate, consider these important areas of advice.
Use strategic elements of the season
• Continued from C7
Look beyond the first impression
A quality home
During the fall and winter seasons, it might be easy to overlook subtle home issues. Outside leaves pile up, snow drifts form and they may cover up problems with the siding, foundation or landscaping. A home that is currently vacant, whether it’s a foreclosure or the homeowners already moved, may have internal issues due to freezing temperatures. Empty houses are typically heated less, and some, unfortunately, not at all. If a house you’re interested in is vacant, make sure that it has been properly winterized or maintained so that you can be confident there are no issues with frozen pipes or a malfunctioning furnace. “Always get a professional home inspection before making a purchase,” advises Kelly.
The off season is a great time to buy because you’ll have less competition with other buyers and a reduced chance of getting in a bidding war that drives up a home’s price, something that still occurs frequently. When you’re not fighting with other bidders, you can make a sound decision and have a better chance of getStrategic points ting the seller to pitch in on for sellers concessions, such as closing For sellers, the off season costs or funds for improvements like appliance up- doesn’t have to be a detriment to making a sale. Regrades. member, staging your home so it looks organized, stylish Prepare yourself and modern is a smart move. from the start Take cues from the season in Today’s unique real estate your decor choices, creatmarket can be confusing for ing a clean yet homey feeling even the most savvy folks. that will help potential buyThat’s why it’s important to ers visualize their future in work with a real estate agent the space. Also, remember who can answer all your potential buyers may want questions. Not all real estate to drive by your home beagents have the same train- fore they schedule an official ing and experience, so find showing. With fewer dayone who has the background light hours, it’s important to necessary to navigate com- keep lights on in the evening, plex situations. so if they drive by, your home “RE/MAX agents, on av- isn’t completely dark. erage, have more real estate “The off season means experience than those at opportunity for both home other agencies. Plus, many buyers and home sellers,” have special training in the concludes Kelly. “By acting short sale and foreclosure now you might be able to get process, so you know which an incredible deal on your home you decide to buy, dream home or sell your you’ll have the expert guid- property in record time.” ance you need,” says RE/ To find a professional MAX CEO Margaret Kelly. real estate agent and search “In addition to finding a real property listings, visit www. estate agent you trust, be remax.com, the most visited sure to meet with a lender real estate franchise website. to get prequalified, so when — Brandpoint you find the home of your dreams, you can bid with confidence and present an appealing offer.”
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thinking about that when they make the purchase,” he said. Other considerations he suggested include how long a buyer plans to stay at the new home, if they are upsizing or downsizing and personal considerations such as school districts and location. While first-time buyers may be used to amenities in the home they grew up in, it is also important to manage expectations. Wolfe said he normally tells first-time
With a price range in mind, it is then time to get out and begin searching for that perfect home. Among the commodities and features that a property might have, Wolfe encouraged buyers to look at the possible resale of the house. It is something that he said is especially important today, as he has seen a decline and depreciation in home value. “A lot of people aren’t
to do that,” he said.
Seal the deal Once a house is picked out, the negotiation process can begin. With the house in mind, Wolfe said buyers can have their real estate representative prepare a contract to make an offer on the house. While he said there are not houses “to be stolen” on the market, buyers can take steps to get a better deal. Buyers
• See Buying, C9
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Saturday, March 2, 2013
Buying
• Continued from C8
can omit house and hazard inspections in an attempt to lower the price, which might include inspections for termites and radon gases. “It could be risky, but risk equals reward,” Wolfe said. Having a larger down payment for the house will also benefit the buyer. If a buyer can show that he or she is not borrowing 95 or 97 percent of the asking price, Wolfe said “that means something to the seller.” Cash transactions, which he said is more frequent in today’s market, can also drive the price down but won’t result in a steal. “Price is something to be negotiated with the seller, but in addition to that, there are always other terms, other conditions or contingencies in that agreement,” Wolfe said. “The cleaner the deal, the more strongly they’re going to consider it.” During the negotiation process, Shaun recommended that buyers remain in contact with both their mortgage agent and real estate agent and keep them both on the same page. In doing so, it might help buyers gauge where negotiations should be aimed. If a
buyer does not have a lot of money saved but can afford the monthly payment, Shaun said it might be better to not focus on beating the price of the house down, but to ask the seller to pay closing costs.
Tips Shaun recommended that buyers entering the market have their finances in order. Doing so will ensure that buyers shop within their price range. Having a good amount of money to spend will also improve a buyer’s options. “The more money they have saved, the more options they have as far as the mortgage goes,” Shaun said. “Not to say that if they don’t have a lot of money that they can’t do anything. It’s just that, it opens more doors for them.” While buying too soon or being hasty is a rare sight, unrealistic expectations were something that Wolfe
be our friend.
The Sentinel • C9
said he does see on occasion. Given the price tag that can come with houses, Wolfe said he lives by the philosophy that there is more to life than a house payment. For new buyers, stretching the wallet a little bit more to get into that first house might be necessary. “Sometimes, that firsttime buyer, maybe they do have to stretch a little bit, but it’s okay to stretch there, because sooner or later, you have to get on the merrygo-round,” he said. If that stretch means not being able to go out to eat or take vacations, he urged looking elsewhere. “To me, that doesn’t make a lot of sense.”
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C10 • The Sentinel
Saturday, March 2, 2013
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The Sentinel • D1
Our Future • March 2, 2013 • Section D
2013
Annual Report Dollars & Sense
How to maximize your budget and plan for your future
College: How to pay, and how to save Private four-year colleges, typically associated with high costs, carry a price tag of $29,056 a year. Amy Knapp, a guidance counselor at Carlisle Area High School, said private schools are not always the most expensive route students can take. In fact, they offer some distinct benefits. “Private schools, for several reasons, have more endowments and other things to their access,” she said. “They’re able to afford more of that merit-based aid that you’d be less likely to find in some other public institutions.”
By Travis Kellar The Sentinel
tkellar@cumberlink.com
A college education is almost a mandatory requirement In today’s job market. That necessity tends to carry a price tag that makes students and parents cringe. The College Board’s website, www.collegeboard.org, lays out the average published yearly tuition and fees for different types of institutions. Pennsylvania in-state students will pay $3,131 and $8,655 for public two-year and four-year colleges, respectively. Out-of-state students will pay noticeably more for a public four-year school at $21,706.
• See College, D2
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D2 • The Sentinel
Saturday, March 2, 2013
College
• Continued from D1
Academic, athletic, and artistic achievement are just some of the areas covered under merit-based aid. Need-based aid, however, deals more specifically with a family’s income. Knapp said that misconceptions between the two are frequent as well as how much of aid for each is available for students. While scholarships will cover merit- and need-based aid, government aid is only for need-based aid. The criteria for each type of aid might not always be as clear-cut, either. “It can get murky because those two things
“It’s an investment that the kids make, and that the parents make in their child’s education.” Fred Ryerse
Senior VP at Members 1st Federal Credit Union
cross over,” she said.
Managing student loans Along with scholarships and government grants, a majority of students will take out at least one loan. Fred Ryerse is the senior vice president of lending at Members 1st Federal Credit Union. Student lending, he said, is an important thing that the company does.
“It’s a critical piece for what we do.” He said. “It’s an investment that the kids make, and that the parents make in their child’s education.” Some of the lending programs the credit union offers include direct loans from the public, federal government and a private student-loaning product. That product, he explained, “al-
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• See College, D3
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Saturday, March 2, 2013
The Sentinel • D3
College • Continued from D2 another important aspect. Ryerse said the credit union offers financial-aid seminars that educate people about college loans. Those seminars are not always done strictly through the credit union, he explained. Advice is also readily given to those beginning to look at how to handle the financial impact of a college education. “If you’re a kid that just graduated from high school ... how do you manage that?” Ryerse said. “Everybody’s situation is different.” While the prices of schools can cause some stress for parents and students, Ryerse believes that it can only go up so far. Should the price of a college education continue to rise, he predicted that less students would go, resulting in less money to schools. Supply and demand, along possible state and economic pressures, were ways that he said would keep college prices in check. Regardless of the price, he said college is an investment that “continues to pay off.”
Proper planning Before tightening the belt and saving every penny, Knapp recommended that students first determine their goals and career choice. With that career’s salary in mind, students can begin to gauge what aftercollege costs would look like
at different institutions. For example, she said a student might be looking at going for a teaching degree, where the salaries are easily researched. That would help them gauge what type of institution would be appropriate and potentially save money. “You want to look at what you’re going to be earning in the end and how that plays against what you’re going to have incurred in debt,” she said. On the other hand, if a student wants to enter an industry with a lot of opportunities, she said it may be necessary to invest more into his or her education. While there are general assumptions about school costs, Knapp urged students to not assume that state schools would be less expensive, or that private schools would cost more. Ryerse agreed. “Don’t let the up-front cost of education prevent you from applying anywhere,” he said. “Until you actually submit an application and get a financial-aid package from that school, you won’t know.” One of the first steps he recommended was to fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). This will determine the available scholarships, grants and other
• See College, D4
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D4 • The Sentinel
Saturday, March 2, 2013
College
aid a student can receive. Knapp said students are encouraged to be thinking about finances as they visit colleges throughout high school. During college visits, she recommended that students drop by the financial-aid office and ask some questions. “Ask specific questions related to what percentage of the students there receive aid, what type of aid they’re receiving, how much debt students graduate with,” she said. She also encouraged students to visit college websites and use the net-price calculator required to be displayed on all college websites. The calculators, she explained, were methods with which the federal government “tried to even the playing field” regarding varying sticker prices of different schools.
Saving for college
Knapp encouraged students to begin searching for their college of choice during their sophomore year and intensify the search as time progresses. During that period, parents also can have an active role in the search that might later prove financially beneficial. With his own children, Ryerse said he required them to have an investment of their own. Whether it’s a
summer job to pay for textbooks or having them pay for extra meals, teaching kids financial realities is key. Failing to do so might result in late payments and a damaged credit score. “For a lot of kids, it’s going to be their first foray in the money.” he said “You need to take these obligations seriously.” For saving money for college, Ryerse chalked it up to habits. Whether it’s writing out that monthly check or having it automatically withdrawn from a bank account, saving for college needs to become a habit. “The only way you develop habits is by continuously practicing them,” he said To ensure those habits develop, he encouraged students to set reminders for themselves so they make a payment on time. Keith New, communications director for the Pennsylvania Higher Education Assistance Agency, said the organization tries to make college as affordable as possible. That is done through the use of a financial aid guide, grants and information about student loans. Though it is usual to hear of a graduate coming out with $30,000 or higher in college debt, he warned against taking out too many loans. “We strongly encourage students to look for scholarships and grants,” he said. “Don’t incur debt unless
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“The No. 1 place where you should be going to get money to pay for college is the institution that accepted you.” Amy Knapp
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• See College, D5
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Annual
Saturday, March 2, 2013
The Sentinel • D5
Our Future
12 canny tips on college financing By Christina Couch Bankrate.com
Go to college despite the job market
The year 2011 provided several arguments to skip college — high unemployment rates, tuition hikes and a harsh job market for grads. Go anyway. “The jobs that are growing, the industries that are growing and the markets that are going to be available to students are those that require higher education,” says Brittania Morey, spokeswoman for the Iowa College Access Network. “Students who are choosing to go to college are prepar-
College
• Continued from D4
Students might not fully grasp their own learning tendencies and that is an area where parents can give some advice and steer them in a particular direction. Just as students are en-
ing themselves for the work world of tomorrow.” According to a 2010 report by Georgetown University, 63 percent of jobs offered by 2018 will require postsecondary education. Morey says students can cut college costs by searching for scholarships early and investigating awards in their community.
Don’t eliminate yourself The biggest mistake students make is believing they’re not eligible for college aid. A 2009 study by Finaid.org showed that 2.3 million students who would have been eligible for the federal Pell Grant missed free college cash because they didn’t apply.
While students attending pricey institutions frequently apply for aid, the likelihood is lower at cheaper schools and community colleges, says Diana Fuentes-Michel, executive director of the California Student Aid Commission. “That’s where folks tend to believe that they wouldn’t qualify for financial aid because of the low cost,” she says. The U.S. Department of Education reports that all students, regardless of income or financial assets, are eligible for up to $27,000 in federal Stafford Loans over four years.
for Federal Student Aid, or FAFSA, qualifies students for federal grants, loans and work-study jobs as well as some private and statesponsored awards. Filing it as close to Jan. 1 as possible maximizes your college aid eligibility, says Lynda Forster, CEO of the financial aid consulting group Collegiate Capital Corp. in Mineola, N.Y. “Most (families) think that financial aid forms must be completed after the tax returns are done, and that is not accurate,” she says. “You cannot wait until April. All of the money is already awarded.” Since federal grants are File for FAFSA fast distributed on a first-come, The Free Application first-served basis, Forster
recommends that families file the form using estimates of their income and assets. If they need to change something, families can file corrections at FAFSA.ed.gov.
Choose your major carefully From private loan-forgiveness programs to state and federal grants, there’s money available to students majoring in high-demand fields. While the federal government offers up to $4,000 per year to future educators through the Teacher Educa-
tion Assistance for College and Higher Education, or TEACH, Grant Program, individual states offer similar college financing initiatives for up-and-coming teachers, nurses, fire and emergency medical technicians, public defenders, child care employees, health care workers and those pursuing jobs in other fields. Students who know their major can check with their school’s financial aid
• See Financing, D6
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couraged to begin their search for an institution of higher learning early, Knapp encourages parents to do the same. “A lot of times, parents don’t come to that until their students are seniors,” she said “We encourage them sooner so that they
can be planning ahead.” She said that during the scholarship search, students tend to have more success on a local level due to less competition. Should a student be declined from a scholarship, this should not discourage the student from applying to a particu-
lar school. Instead, it places more emphasis on speaking with the institution and having them play with numbers. “The number one place where you should be going to get money to pay for college is the institution that accepted you,” she said.
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D6 • The Sentinel
Saturday, March 2, 2013
Financing • Continued from D5
showed that nearly 85 percent of U.S. companies offer tuition reimbursement to employees. That’s up from 52 percent in 2007. There are some pretty big catches. More than 75 percent of employers require that course work be jobrelated to qualify for reimbursement. Companies also may restrict how much reimbursement employees can get, require a certain grade point average or limit reimbursement to employees at a certain job level. More than 60 percent of companies offering reimbursement require employees to stay with the organization after completing study.
office to see if there are awards available in their fields. Professional organizations and nonprofits, such as the National Restaurant Association and the National Environmental Health Association, also offer awards to students in specific fields of study.
Find a ‘safety’ school
Guidance counselors recommend that students apply to an academically safe school. Martha Savery, director of community outreach for the Massachusetts Educational Financing Authority, recommends that students apply to a financially safe school, too. “We always tell families (not to) self-select based on the cost that you see in the admissions material because many colleges and universities are able to provide a substantive financial aid package,” Savery says. As of Oct. 29, all institutions that receive federal funding are required to post a net price calculator on their website that can help families estimate college costs with aid factored in, according to the National
Go federal first
Center for Education Statistics. Students also can compare net prices of different schools by income level on the NCES website.
Meet the deadlines With more students vying for aid, there’s stiff competition for dollars. Don’t eliminate yourself by missing a deadline, Savery says.
“If your child was applying for admission to XYZ university, you would not contact that admissions office and say ‘You know, I’d like just three or four more days just to tweak my essay,’” she says. “(Families) need to look at the deadlines from a financial aid perspective in exactly the same way.”
ness and Legal Resources, a Ask the boss A 2010 study by Busi- compliance consulting firm in Old Saybrook, Conn.,
Federal loans are still the cheapest student loans. Through June 30, subsidized Stafford Loans will carry a 3.4 percent fixed interest rate.
• See Financing, D7
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Saturday, March 2, 2013
The future careers of this year’s high school graduates
Financing • Continued from D6
All Stafford Loans — subsidized, unsubsidized and grad loans included — disbursed after June 30 have a 6.8 percent fixed interest rate, according to the Department of Education. Stafford Loans are capped at $27,000 over four years for dependent students, but Morey says that federal loans to parents can help. Through the Parent PLUS Loan, families can borrow up to the cost of attendance minus financial aid the student has received, and they’ll only pay 7.9 percent in interest — a rate that’s far below those of many private loans, according to DOE.
Cap those loans
Federal student loans also can be capped at 15 percent of a student’s “discretionary income.” That’s defined as earnings above 150 percent of the poverty line. For 2011, discretionary income would include earnings above $16,335 for a family of one, according to the Department of Health and Human Services. Earn less than $16,335, and the federal government won’t charge you anything for your student loan as long as your income stays below that threshold. A double bonus is that students who make consecutive loan payments for 25 years will have their debt forgiven, according to the Oakland, Calif.-based Project on Student Debt. The time frame is reduced to 10 years for students who work in publicservice professions such as teaching or social work after graduation.
Despite the tremendous potential savings, research shows that few students take advantage of the program. A White House fact sheet from October says that only about 1.3 percent of students with federal loans opt for income-based repayment.
Fight the hikes Thanks to state budget cuts, tuition and fees at the average two- and four-year public institutions rose by about 7 percent this year, according to the College Board in New York. But in states such as Florida and California, prices at undergraduate state universities rose by 15 percent or more. “The immediate kind of response to (tuition hikes) is to put it on a credit card or to look to their parents to try to get them to take a loan out,” says Fuentes-Michel. The problem is that parents frequently can’t take on additional debt, and credit card interest rates are substantially higher than those of federal student loans. Instead of falling in the plastic trap, Fuentes-Michel recommends that students look to federal loans, private scholarships and part-time employment for college financing.
Save the right way One of the strangest loopholes of financial aid is that how you save can impact your aid just as much as how much you save. “Money put into a student’s name is not the place where you want to park it,” says Forster. “A student’s assets and income (are) Mon-Wed 10-6 Thurs-Fri 10-8 Sat 10-6
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counted much higher than a parent’s.” While assets saved in a parent’s name can subtract up to 6 cents for every dollar from your federal needbased scholarships and grants package, every dollar of student assets takes away 20 cents, according to the White House’s National Economic Council. Money saved in a grandparent’s or relative’s name won’t count at all. However, 529 plans are one exception. Funds stored in a 529 plan in the student’s name count as parental assets, according to FinAid. org, the college financing resources website.
Reconsider 529 college savings plans Many 529 plans lost value when the market dipped in 2008, but they’re coming back — this time with more conservative investment options. In the past two years, states including Nebraska and Indiana have added financial options insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. that allow parents to access 529 tax incentives without taking any market risks. On top of providing federal tax-free growth, certain states also provide state tax incentives and matching grants to encourage account holders to save.
The Sentinel • D7
High school seniors nationwide are preparing to graduate, receiving college acceptance letters and possibly enrolling in a college or university. The challenging economy has made many of these young adults acutely aware of the important role their degree can play when they face commencement once again, this time entering the job market. Some schools offer degree programs that address the skills required to enter fastgrowing fields, such as cyber security, cloud computing, health care and accounting - U.S. News & World Report included accounting in its ranking of 25 Best Jobs in 2012. This strong connection to a promising career path can be attractive to prospective students. “Knowledge of projected industry growth is extremely helpful as students choose their major or area of study,” says Dr. Chad Kennedy, chair and professor of biomedical engineering technology in the College of Engineering and Information Sciences at DeVry University. “Unlike some career fields where opportunities are shrinking, many technology and engineering fields are expanding at double-digit rates. In fact,
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many employers can’t find enough qualified applicants to meet their needs.” Careers in technology are growing up to three times faster than other fields. For students interested in pursuing employment in this thriving industry, ComputerWorld recently outlined the “10 hot IT skills for 2013.” Cloud computing was among the most coveted skills. Though relatively unfamiliar to the average consumer, this data management knowledge drives the services that support many of today’s businesses. Similarly, cyber security professionals will play an integral role in keeping information safe as the majority of companies’ assets move online. According to Today’s Engineer, the monthly Web publication of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, the cyber security field is growing “in leaps and bounds.” Employment in health care fields is also on the rise. An aging population of baby boomers and expanded access to health care has placed growing pressure on the health care industry to add
workers in fields ranging from health information systems and biomedical engineering technology to nursing and ambulatory care. “Given the sensitive nature of medical data, my role - ensuring data integrity, availability, and security for every current and former patient - is essential and growing in demand,” explains Adam Franzen, a systems administrator at Presence Health Care who holds a bachelor’s degree in Computer Information Systems from DeVry University. “As health care evolves, so do the technology and management skills that are central to career success in the field.” The workforce is rapidly evolving; some of the most desired professional roles of yesterday are shrinking today and will become obsolete tomorrow. The class of 2013 will enter emerging career fields, managing the technologies that drive advanced hospital settings, leading development of the next cloud-based application and protecting companies and consumers from cyber and financial fraud alike. Brandpoint
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D8 • The Sentinel
Saturday, March 2, 2013
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Annual
The Sentinel • E1
Our Future • March 2, 2013 • Section E
2013
Annual Report Dollars & Sense
How to maximize your budget and plan for your future
“If you’re 55 and haven’t started, start now. If you’re 22 and earning a little bit of money, start now.” Chris Jackson
TEAM Financial Managers
Our Future
Breaking down investing
Chris Jackson, the chief investment officer for TEAM tkellar@cumberlink.com Financial Managers, has dealt a lot with investments. Losing money is not the Before his current position only risk that comes with at TEAM Financial, he was investing – in fact, it can the senior portfolio manquickly become an afterthought with some of the • See Investing, E2 other risks involved. By Travis Kellar The Sentinel
Are more cancer patients surviving?
Yes. Positively.
Does she consider her work “optimistic and uplifting?”
Irina Sachelarie, M.D.
Her own mother was diagnosed with cancer when Dr. Sachelarie was finishing her residency. That may explain her choice of specialty and her focus on making patients feel comfortable. “Patients develop closer relationships with their oncologists. They feel the actions we take save their lives,” she said. Today, she notes there are multiple treatment options for different cancers. “One model doesn’t fit everyone. We customize each treatment plan.” For more information or to find a physician, please go to CarlisleRMC.com or call 1-855-249-CRMC.
Positively.
Annual
E2 • The Sentinel
Investing • Continued from E1
for 11 years at the Orrstown Bank and managed almost $1 billion in assets. One of the biggest dangers he warned of has nothing to do with money or the way the stock market sways. “Emotion is a huge risk,” Jackson said. He reflected on a particular situation he encountered during his tenure at the Orrstown Bank. It was back in March of 2009, and the market was down 50 percent. Clients began to call in and insist that the bank
sell all of their investments. A week later, the market rebounded and began to turn up. “By their own emotional decision ... they sold at the very worst time, and they bought at the very worst time as well,” he said. Not having a plan was the biggest danger Jackson said new investors can make when entering the field. Whether it’s saving for retirement, a child’s education or a vacation, he urged all investors to have a goal in mind. In having a plan, he urged investors to con-
sider how much an investor is going to invest and how the money is going to be invested. Those are some of the same questions that Brian Kump, financial manager at Edward Jones, asks his clients. “A lot of it is just on what they’re looking to do with their money,” he said. Both Kump and Jackson agreed that retirement is one of the biggest factors in their industry. Kump said he asks his clients when they’d like to retire and what they would like to do once they
Saturday, March 2, 2013
are retired to help gauge investment options. While retirement may be a popular goal for investors, Jackson linked it all back to the need for planning. In his experience, he said he has met individuals in their 60s and 70s that were ready to retire, but they had not invested or had a will created. While he said it is never too late to begin investing, it is always best to start early. “If you’re 55 and haven’t started, start now,” Jackson said. “If you’re 22 and earning a little bit of money, start now.”
He gave some enticing statistics that make investing an appealing venture. He explained that if someone had an investment that earns an average annual return of 7 percent a year, that investment would double every ten years. To put that practice into figures, if someone invests $100,000 by the time they are 30, he said it would amount to $1.6 million by age 70. “And that’s without adding anything to it,” he said. “It’s as simple as that. Get good, consistent, solid returns and start early...you
can amass a tremendous amount of money to live off of for you and your family.” What are people investing in? Before you run out and buy that piece of Google or Apple stock, there are some other areas where you might want to consider. Both Kump and Jackson stressed that investors buy and keep stocks instead of buying and selling in a rapid fashion. In terms of getting more money, the playing field is
• See Investing, E3
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Saturday, March 2, 2013
Investing
• Continued from E2
seemingly even when comparing active traders versus those that buy and hold. “We’re kind of a buy-and-hold company, where we encourage people to buy quality investments and then keep them for a long period,” Kump said, and cited research that has shown that active buyers and sellers are not any more successful. Some of the more popular investments Kump has seen have been in mutual funds and bonds. He explained that mutual funds involve several companies, as well as bonds. Should something happen to one of the companies or bonds in the mutual fund, he said the chance of losing as much money is reduced. While safer ways to invest, Jackson said the risk of losing 8 to 10 percent in a bond fund is still a very real possibility. Kump had similar cautions that allude to the general fear of investing. “It’s not an FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Co.) insured investment like their bank would be,” he said. Precious metals such as gold and silver are popular investment options that Jackson has seen. While everybody clamors about Apple and Google stocks, a particular industry that has been under fire due to recent events has done exceedingly well. “Gun manufacturers have been the best performance sector in the past five years, and no one talks about them,” he said. One particular gun manufacturer he referred to was Sturm, Ruger and Co. He said it reported record prof-
its, which enabled it to pay a 3.5 percent annual dividend to stockholders. In other words, stockholders get whatever the stock does, along with that 3.5 percent yield. He compared the company to Apple, which was a popular stock for a time. Last fall, he said Apple’s stock peaked at $709 – today, it’s at $450. “It outperformed Apple by several thousand percent, and yet nobody talks about it,” Jackson said.
Tips for success Investing encompasses a huge number of areas, and any two people may have entirely different aspirations for investing. Nevertheless, having a solid professional in your corner is a good starting point. “Find somebody that you work well with,” Kump said. “It may not be Edward Jones or whoever, but I think that’s something important.” Jackson agreed, and said that investors can use a number of different professionals. While consultants will help investors get started, they are not involved with the actual buying and selling. Advisers, on the other hand, work “beside you, to an extent” according to Jackson, and might help talk individuals out of making emotionally charged de-
The Sentinel • E3
Simply refraining from looking at your investment balance is another piece of advice Jackson gave. Other than examining it at tax season, he said doing so often might result in an emotional act. “Make sure nothing looks wacky ... don’t worry about your balance,” he said. “If you’re adding consistently to your investments, you want the market to drop, because now you get to buy at a good price.”
cisions. The best way to avoid making those emotional decisions is to hire a financial manager. “They do it all for you, from the investment planning to the retirement planning to the projections,” Jackson said. “You pay more, but you get more.” Investing might not require as big of a financial commitment as you might think. At companies like Vanguard and American Funds, Jackson said Roth Individual Retirement Arrangements (IRAs) could be opened with as little as $50 a month. While he said those companies typically follow the market trends, the potential to amass a “nice little fortune” is there. Kump has seen even smaller monthly investments. “I had people that did $25 a month into an account,” he said. While he urged potential investors to avoid how-to books, Jackson recommended “The Millionaire Next Door” by Thomas Stanley to help investors think about investing. “The Automatic Millionaire” by David Bach was another book he recommended, which he said “tricks” investors into making automatic bill payments, as well as contributions to IRA and 401(k) accounts.
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Annual
E4 • The Sentinel
Saturday, March 2, 2013
Our Future
How to prepare for retirement BY TRAVIS KELLAR THE SENTINEL
tkellar@cumberlink.com
“If you want to retire, you have to invest.” That is some advice from Chris Jackson, chief investment officer from TEAM Financial Managers. Retirement may seem like it is years away, but it is in almost everybody’s future. Some successes he has seen from people all come from people that started saving as early as 14 years old. With his own children, he said he lets them spend half the money they get — the other half goes into the piggy bank. For young adults, Jackson recommended starting as soon as they have a job that produces a paycheck. “It’s never too early to start,” he said. Mary Brunski, an investment advisor representative for Paladin Financial Ser-
vices, agreed, but acknowledged that most people do not start as early as they should. “They still can come up with something,” she said. In order to do so, she said people would need to look at expenses and how to determine how to cover them. That might include working a little while longer or taking a part-time job during retirement. Jackson has seen individuals ready to retire, but did not have a retirement plan or a form of a will. While retirement is still possible in those instances, it might not be what it could have been. “I like to tell people ’10 stars is our goal...’” he said. “If that’s the goal, if you don’t start until you’re 40, you might not ever get to 10 stars, but you can get to 7.”
• See Retire, E5
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Saturday, March 2, 2013
The Sentinel • E5
Retire
• Continued from E4 How much will you need to save?
How much retirement money you need will ultimately depend on what sort of retirement you want to have. Do you want to travel the country? Do you plan to buy a large boat and move to the coast? Do you just plan to live a life of leisure at home? All of these things make it difficult to gauge a set a magical, failsafe number. Jackson, however, did provide some insight on the cost of living in the future. Typically, he said people should plan on living off of 70 percent of what they make today. Not having to drive to work, no childcare and having a mortgage paid off are some hopes that he said could happen by then. He put that 70 percent into real figures. “Plan on needing $70,000 a year in retirement, but adjusted up for inflation by 3 percent a year,” he said. “If you can live on $4,000 a month today ... in 20 years, it’s going to cost $8,000.”
How do you save for retirement? Roth IRA, IRA and 401(k) accounts are some of the popular means that people use to save for retirement. While there are other options out there, Brunski stressed that each individual may benefit from a different account. She explained that through an IRA account, retirees have to begin withdrawing at age 70.5 — in a Roth IRA, you don’t have to. As a result, a Roth IRA account could be left as a legacy to beneficiaries. Referring to Roth IRA accounts as “one of the few free lunches,” Jackson gave a scenario that showed the potential in the accounts. Should somebody invest $100,000 by age 30 in a Roth IRA and earn a 7 percent annual yield, he explained that money would double every 10 years. By age 70, that would amount to $1.7 million. “When you retire at age 70, you pay tax on zero of the $1.7 million. ” he said. “There is no other account that you can grow from $100,000 to $1.7 million and not pay tax on that $1.5 million of growth. That’s the
power of the Roth IRA.” I f $ 1 0 0,0 0 0 h a s yo u sweating, do not panic. While money invested has the potential to grow into large amounts in the span of a few decades, you do not need a large amount to get started. Some companies, such as Vanguard and American funds, will “follow the market,” according to Jackson, but accounts can be opened for as little as $50 a month, If done consistently for a 40-year period, Jackson said it would amount to “a pretty nice little fortune.”
Tips for a good retirement
Starting early and making consistent contributions to a retirement account were two key pieces of advice for Jackson. He also encouraged working with a firm that employes certified financial planners — once one is found, have a financial plan and projection created. “We use a 7-page one that’s very simple, but it covers all the basics and doesn’t take 40 hours to do it,” he said
• See Retire, E6
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Retire
• Continued from E5
Those same projections can be used when saving for a trip, for college and other expenses that will require a term of investments.
One mistake Brunski has seen is people taking too much out of their funds early in retirement. Determining an appropriate withdrawal rate, as well as being consistent with money, are
ways to prevent that. Maximizing retirement benefits, particularly Social Security, is also important. “It’s about 50 percent of their income in retirement,” Brusnki said. She also rec-
ommended that people look into Medigap insurance policies. As you plan your retirement, it might not be a bad idea to ensure you have a will drawn up as well. In do-
ing so, Jackson said retirees would save a lot of money for the beneficiaries. “It’s a silly thing, but if I have this piece of paper, the government doesn’t take 55 percent of my money — if I
don’t, they do,” he said. Once a person has $100,000 saved for retirement, Jackson recommended seeing a certified financial planner to look at ways to further that amount.
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The Sentinel • E7
Our Future
Estate planning requires full disclosure
gardless of status in life and age. “You just kind of have to look at your individual situation and see,â€? Blair said. “It’s never too early to start.â€? Younger adults should consider drawing up a will. Blair explained that when she was younger, she had a basic will drawn up. When she had her daughter, she sat down with her husband and an attorney to determine who would take care of her daughter should something happen to her and her husband. They also looked to life insurance as a way to take care of their daughter’s needs. While a will can be used to transfer items after death, a trust serves a similar function and is something that Blair said allows people to a living will and medical di- want to have happen when “rule from the grave.â€? A f te r d e a t h , a t r u s t rectives. With these in mind, I’m dead,’ and I know that it dictates how money is that’s where Mateya starts is often uncomfortable.â€? speaking with clients about The basics – wills planning their estate. • See Estate “Those are tough converand trusts sations to have,â€? he said. “It planning, E8 Anyone can begin is essentially, ‘what would I planning their estate re-
By Travis Kellar The Sentinel
tkellar@cumberlink.com
“The estate is basically everything that a person owns.� That is how Jodi Blair, an associate member of Smith Elliott Kearns & Company, LLC, described it. An estate covers a number of different items, both tangible and intangible. That includes everything from cars, houses and property to bank accounts, investments and other assets. So what does it mean to plan an estate? “Estate planning is taking and looking at the assets that someone owns, and depending on different states, looking at what you need to do to pass your assets, your estate, to the next heirs,� Blair said. That process, she explained, is all done while trying to limit estate taxes. Given the broad nature of estate planning, no two estates or estate plans will be the same. Different positions in life, marital status and heirs, all factor to determine what an estate plan will look like. “A young, married couple is going to be different than
a 70- or 80-year-old person,� said Steven Kaufman, also of Smith Elliott Kearns & Company, LLC. An elderly individual may be thinking about how to avoid paying taxes as they pass on their estate; a younger couple may be trying to determine what would happen in the event of their deaths. Such as, how their mortgage will be paid off and who would take care of their children.
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Estate planning • Continued from E7
distributed to beneficiaries and over an established period of time. A trust can dictate the amount of money, frequency of distribution and if the monetary amount changes over time. Trusts can be as comprehensive or broad as each individual wants them to be, Kaufman said. While a trust is useful, a will is still an important thing to have, according to the experts. “If you have specific assets that you want to go to specific individuals, that’s where a will is really important,” Blair said. If a person does not have a will at the time of their life, intestacy laws will determine where assets and property goes. Mateya discussed one particular scenario where a man died suddenly and left behind about $1 million investments, along with other assets. Because he didn’t have a will, those assets would go to his parents instead of his wife. The man’s parents, however, signed a disclaimer and ensured that their daughter-in-law received the money.
“They said to me, ‘we lost a son, we don’t want to lose a daughter too, because she’s like a daughter to us,’” Mateya said. “I saw this bit of humanity that was amazing.” Mateya explained that Pennsylvania is one of the only states where a holographic, or handwritten, will can be done. Whether it’s in a notebook stuffed under a mattress or on a Microsoft Word document, all it requires to be considered legal is a signature at the end of the will. Mateya recalled one case that dragged on for four years and involved a dispute over where a signature was placed. While the document was signed and witnessed, he said it was done in a sloppy manner by the attorney. Witnesses are also not required. “There’s nothing that says it has to be witnessed,” he explained. “However, we have a very good process in Pennsylvania...once it’s witnessed, then the witnesses have to be done properly.” While writing out a legal will might seem the easy thing to do, Mateya recommended people see an attor-
ney to have one written up inexpensively. A trust can be activated through a deceased person’s will, Blair stressed that people should continue to review their estate plan to ensure the documents work together and do not conflict. Major life events, such as having a baby or getting married, are when Mateya sees clients begin examining their estate plan and re-examine it for any changes that may need to be made.
Estate taxes Many people look for ways to avoid paying estate taxes. Kaufman said estate tax laws have changed over the years. Prior to 2000, assets amounting over $1 million would be taxed. Today, net worth is not taxed until it is calculated at over $5 million, For a married couple with $10 million in combined assets to avoid the taxes, their assets could go into a trust to benefit the living spouse. When the remaining spouse dies, all of the assets would then go to their children without paying any estate taxes, Kaufman said. “Tax laws are continually changing,” Kaufman
said. “The way the tax laws are written, 2011, it was to go back to $1 million. Anything over $1 million was taxed. They gave a reprieve...anything over $5 million gets taxed, now they made that permanent at the beginning of January.”
Potential issues Estate planning can become an emotional experience during which strong emotions can surface for the person planning their estate. “It starts making you realize your own mortality, and that’s hard for people to come up with,” Kaufman said. Mateya agreed, and said that for some clients, it takes a lot of courage for them to even come to his office to discuss the matter. Before seeing an attorney for matters of estate planning, he recommended that people begin to think about some of the tough questions, such as who should take care of the children and who gets assets after death. Along with inner conflict is the possibility of conflict between family members. Getting family members to agree, getting spouses on the
same page and ensuring that multiple children are treated fairly are all things Kaufman listed as aspects of estate planning. Eighty percent of issues in estate litigation come from blended families, Mateya said. “As people are looking forward, if it’s a blended family, then they want to make sure that the attorney they are working with is aware it’s a blended family and that they’re drafting very tightly,” he said. With blended families, Kaufman said it was important to re-examine an estate plan after a second marriage or divorce. Failure to do so may result in the ex-spouse benefiting from the plan instead of the new spouse.
Tips for an estate plan Creating an estate plan is a process that needs to be reexamined over time. Blair stressed that people should not create a plan and never look at it again, as a number of things may change in life. If an estate grows particularly large, more life insurance may be required to pay for estate taxes or expenses, she said.
As a start, an estate plan initially covers the assets a person currently owns. “We kind of start with what they have and what can we do to create that estate plan,” she said. “You’d be surprised when you sit down and actually look at everything that you have.” If you decide to see an attorney, Mateya urged that people eave no stone unturned in terms of information. At times, he said clients will want to keep information that they deem as “personal.” Information, and lots of it, is something that lawyers need. He recalled a couple that created a plan in case something should happen on their vacation overseas. Before boarding their flight, they asked Mateya if it mattered if their children’s guardian in the will was an illegal alien. “People don’t want to tell the attorney everything,” he said. “I need to know everything.” Working with individuals you have confidence in and trust is crucial. Working with the same firm or person provides a sense of “continuity,” Blair said.
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