December Edition

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No v e mb e r2 02 1

Re g u l a r s

Ed i t o r ’ sLe t t e r Th eEd i t o r i a lTe a m Me e tt h eEd i t o r i a lTe a m

Cr e a t i v eWr i t i n g Swo me ni nt h eSp r i n g Th eI n t e r r o g a t i o n

F i l m

Wha tEv e nI sA Pe a n u tBu t t e r Fa l c o n ?

Th e wo r l d ’ s n e w t e n n i sI t Gi r l Emma Ra d u c a n u

a s h i o n S c i e n c e&T e c h F Sc i e n t i s t st h a t c h a n g e dt h ewo r l d

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As t o r yf r o mt h e s p e c t r u m Ho wd oDi s a b i l i t i e s a f f e c td a y t o d a yl i f e ?

S u s t a i n a b i l i t y To pwa y st ob e e c o c o n s c i o u st h i s h o l i d a ys e a s o n

YVMI N:ZHANG XI AOYUXLIMI N

Cu l t u r e

F e s t i v i t i e s

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Cu r r e n t Affa i r s

Th eCu l t u r a lTu r no f Di s a b i l i t y

Me n t a lHe a l t hTi p s

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5Ti p st oh e l py o ub e ab e t t e rAl l yt o p e o p l eo fc o l o u r

Ch r i s t ma sp r e s e n t s a n df o o dI d e a s

Th eCa mp b e l l ’ s , Ca r d i f fa n dBl a c k Co mmu n i t i e s : A Se r i e s

EDI TOR’ Sl e t t e r

Di s a b i l i t yAwa r e n e s s He l l o , y e ta g a i n , we ’ r eme r r yt o b eb r i n g i n gy o ua n o t h e re d i t i o n o fTh eWa t e r f r o n tt h i smo n t h .

De c e mb e r ’ se d i t i o ni so n et h a t c e l e b r a t e sDi s a b i l i t yAwa r e n e s s mo n t h .

Weh o p et h a tweh a v e d o n es t o r i e sa n dt o p i c s s u r r o u n d i n gd i s a b i l i t i e sj u s t i c e a n dh a v eb e e ni n c l u s i v ee n o u g h i nt h a tt o o .

Weh a v ead i s a b i l i t y s e c t i o no ft h eWa t e r f r o n twh i c h i sc u r r e n t l yo p e nt oa ne d i t o r ( s ) , s oi ft h i si ss o me t h i n ga n y r e a d e r so rs o me o n ey o uk n o w wo u l db ei n t e r e s t e di np l e a s el e t u sk n o w( o u rc o n t a c t sa r eo n t h en e x tp a g e-o rf u r t h e ra l o n g t h i so n e ) .

Ij u s twa n tt ot h a n ka l lo fmy t e a mwh oh a v ec o n t r i b u t e df o r t h ep a s tf e wmo n t h s .

We ’ v eh a d s o mee x c e p t i o n a la n dt a l e n t e d p e o p l ewr i t ef o ru sa n dIh o p e wec a nk e e pt h a tg o i n gu n t i lt h e e n do ft h ea c a d e mi cy e a r .

Tu r n o v e rt or e a da b o u ta l lo ft h e m.

Asal a s two r d , weh o p ea l lo f o u rr e a d e r sa n ds t u d e n t sa t Swa n s e ah a v eame r r y Ch r i s t ma s .

Weh o p ei nt h e s e t i me st h a ty o ua l ls t a ys a f ea n d wec a n ’ twa i tt ome tmo r eo f y o un e x ty e a r .

I t ’ sb e e na c h a l l e n g i n gy e a rf o ru sa l ls o p l e a s et a k et h et i met or e l a x , t a k eab r e a ka n ds a f e l ys p e n d t i mewi t hy o u rl o v e do n e s .

We h a v eaf e wCh r i s t ma st h e me d a r t i c l e ss oh o p e f u l l ywec a ng e t y o ual i t t l emo r ef e s t i v e , r e a d y f o rCh r i s t ma s .

On c ea g a i n , me r r yCh r i s t ma s a n dah a p p yNe wYe a rf r o ma l o fu sa tTh eWa t e r f r o n t !

WATERFRONT

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E d i t o r i n Ch i e f

Ge n d e rE d i t o r s

De p u t yE d i t o r

F a s h i o nE d i t o r

So ph i eMa eAp p s wa t e r f r o n t e d i t o r @s wa n s e a s t u d e n t me d i a . c o m

Rh i a n y d dSwo r d wa t e r f r o n t d e p u t y e d i t o r @s wa n s e a s t u d e n t me d i a . c o m

F i l mE d i t o r

Me g a nLa mb e r t wa t e r f r o n t f i l m@s wa n s e a s t u d e n t m e d i a . c o m

Rh i a n y d dSwo r d wa t e r f r o n t g e n d e r @s wa n s e a s t u d e n t me d i a . c o m

Ni s h aEd mu n d s wa t e r f r o n t f a s h i o n @s wa n s e a s t u d e n t me d i a . c o m

Mu s i cE d i t o r

So ph i eMa eAp p s wa t e r f r o n t f o o d @s wa n s e a s t u d e n t me d i a . c o m

S c i e n c eE d i t o r

L i t e r a t u r eE d i t o r

L i b e r a t i o nE d i t o r

We l l b e i n gE d i t o r

Ma k s i mSmy c h a g i na n dDo r o t a Pa l u b i c k a wa t e r f r o n t s c i e n c e @s wa n s e a s t u d e n t me d i a . c o m

Fe l i c i t yMc Ke e wa t e r f r o n t l i b e r a t i o n @s wa n s e a s t u d e n t me d i a . c o m

Ry a nFe r g u s o na n dLo u i s Wi l k i n s o n St e p h e n s wa t e r f r o n t l i t e r a t u r e @s wa n s e a s t u d e n t me d i a . c o m So ph i aSwe l l wa t e r f r o n t we l l b e i n g @s wa n s e a s t u d e n t me d i a . c o m

S o c i t i e sE d i t o r

Cu r r e n t Affa i r sE d i t o r s

Ad v i c eE d i t o r

Pr o o f r e a d e r

Ca n d e l aRu i z wa t e r f r o n t s o c i e t i e s @s wa n s e a s t u d e n t me d i a . c o m J a mi eGr e e n wa y wa t e r f r o n t a d v i c e @s wa n s e a s t u d e n t me d i a . c o m

De s i g n e r

So ph i eMa eAp p s wa t e r f r o n t e d e s i g n @s wa n s e a s t u d e n t me d i a . c o m

Mo r g a nGu e s s Wi l l i a ms wa t e r f r o n t n e ws @s wa n s e a s t u d e n t me d i a . c o m

Me g a nWe l l s p r o o f r e a d e r @s wa n s e a s t u d e n t me d i a . c o m

WATERFRONT

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S o p h i eAp p s

So phi ei sat hi r dye a rEngl i s hLi t e r a t ur es t ude nta tSwa ns e aUni ve r s i t ya ndpl a nst os t udy f ora nMAa ndPhDi nhe rs ubj e c t-a s pi r i ngt o beabe s t s e l l i nga ut hora nda c a de mi c .I nhe r s pa r et i me ,s he ’ spe r pe t ua l l yr e r e a di ng ol d c l a s s i c sa ndf i ndi ngpl e a s ur ea nds pe l l i ngmi s t a ke si npubl i s he dbooks .Ot he ri nt e r e s t sof he r si nc l udewr i t i ngpoe t r y ,c i ne ma t ogr a phy a ndge nde rs t udi e s .

Do r o t aP a l u b i c k a

Rh i a n y d dS wo r d

Hi ,myna mei sRhia ndI ’ mat hi r dye a rMe di a a ndCommuni c a t i ons t ude nt .La s tye a rIwa s t heFa s hi onEdi t or ,a ndIc a n’ twa i tt obet he De put yEdi t orf ort hi sye a r !Myhobb i e si nc l udepl a yi ng t hes a xophonea nd ofc our s e wr i t i ngf orWa t e r f r ont .

Ca n d e l aRu i z

Ca nde l ai sas e c ondye a rJ our na l i s m,Me di a , a ndCommuni c a t i ons t ude nt .Shei spa s s i ona t e a bou ts por t s ,wr i t i ng,a nds oc i a lme di a .Sh ei s t hes oc i e t ye di t orf ort hi sye a r ,a nds hec a n´ t wa i tt os ha r ewi t hyoue ve r yt hi nga bouts oc i e t i e s .Ca nde l awa nt st ohe l pyouf i ndoutne w pa s s i onsa nde nc our a geyout ot r yne wt hi ngs .

Dor ot ai sas e c ondye a rBi oc he mi s t r ya ndGe ne t i c ss t ude nt .The yl ovedogs ,bi r ds ,pl a nt s , ve ga ns t r a wbe r r yi c e c r e a m,a ndna t ur e .The y t r yt of i l lt he i rt i mevol unt e e r i nga ndr e a di ng nonf i c t i onbooks( s c i e nc e f i c t i oni sf i net oo! ) .

I nt hef or e s e e a bl ef ut ur e ,t he ywa ntt obe c ome ane ur os c i e nt i s t .I nt he i rf r e et i me ,t he yl ove huggi ng.

J a mi ei st hea dvi c ee di t orf orWa t e r f r ontSwa ns e aSt ude ntMe di a .Hei sat hi r dye a rEngl i s h Li t e r a t ur ewi t hCr e a t i veWr i t i ngs t ud e ntf r om a rNe wpor twho e nj oyswr i t i ng,ga mi ng Me gi sat hi r dye a rMe di aa ndCommun i c a t i on ne ki ngmus i ca ndma ki ngvi de oc ont e ntf or St ude na nda i mst obeas c r e e nwr i t e r .Shes t i l l ma kt o k.

I fa nyonewoul dl i ket oe ma i lt oa s kf or pl a ysSkyr i me ve nt houghi twa si ni t i a l l yr e - Ti r t i c ul a rt opi c sf ora dvi c ef orhi sc ol umn, you l e a s e d10ye a r sa go,i sa na vi dl ove rofThe pa a ne ma i lwa t e r f r ont a dvi c e @s wa ns e a s t ude nt Mi ght yBoos ha ndhe rf a vour i t ec ome di a ni s c di a . c om a ndyourque s t i onma yj us te ndup BoBur nha ms ot hea l bum ' I ns i de( TheSo ngs ) ' me noneofhi sa r t i c l e s . i sc ons t a nt l ys wi r l i ngi nhe rhe a d.And,t ha t i t e l l syoue ve r yt hi nga boutt hei nne rwor k i ngs ofhe rbr a i n.

J a mi eGr e e n wa y

Me g a nL a mb e r t

Me g a nWe l l s

Me ga ni spa r toft hee di t or i a lt e a m.Shei sa f r e s he rdoi ngEngl i s hl i t e r a t ur ea ndc r e a t i ve wr i t i ng.Shel ove st or e a da ndpr e f e r sbooksi n t hef a nt a s ya nds c i f ige nr e s .

Ma k s i mS my c h a g i n

Ma ks i mSmyc ha gi nwa sbor ni nRus s i ai n1999 a ndi n201 1i mmi gr a t e dt oRe publ i cofCypr us .

I n2018hes e c ur e dapl a c ea tSwa ns e aUni ve r s i t yo nEEe ngi ne e r i ngc our s e .Hi shobbi e si nc l ude :c odi ng,t he a t r i c a lpe r f or ma nc e ,wr i t i ng.

S o p h i aS we l l s

So phi ai st hewe l l be i nge di t ora nds he ’ si nhe r f i na lye a rs t udyi ng Ps yc hol ogy a tSwa ns e a .

Sh ee nj oysc ooki nga ndba ki nga ndc a nof t e n bef ounde xpl or i ngt hebe a c he sa r oundSwa ns e aa ndMumbl e s .Sophi ahope st opr ovi de us e f ula dvi c ea ndt i psonhow t os t a ypos i t i ve a nds uppor tahe a l t hya nde nj oya bl el i f e s t yl e whi l s ta tuni ve r s i t y .

Mo r g a nGu e s s Wi l l i a ms

Mor ga ni sas e c ondye a rMe di aa ndCommuni c a t i onss t ude nthe r ei nSwa ns e aa ndhed r e a ms oneda yt obeaj our na l i s t–e i t he ri npol i t i c a lor i nve s t i ga t i vej our na l i s m.

Mor ga nl ov e st owr i t e s t or i e st oi nf or m,e duc a t ea ndi nt e r e s tot he r s ; s t or i e st ha tge tpe opl et a l ki ng.

He ’ sa l s oal ove r ofvi de oga me sa ndf i l mt oo.

Re b e c c aRo b i n s o n

Re be c c ai sat hi r dye a rGe ogr a phys t ude nta ka t hec ol our i ngi nma s t e roft hegr oup.Shes pe c i f i c a l l ys t udi e shuma nGe ogr a phy ,butdon’ t a s khe rwha tt ha tme a nsbe c a us es he ’ ss t i l lnot e nt i r e l ys ur e .Shel i ke sr e a di ng( not hi ngove r 400pa ge s )a ndwa t c hi ngmovi e sa ndr e c kons s hec oul dgi veMe gar unf orhe rmone ywhe n i tc ome st oc r i t i qui ngt he m,butf ornows he ’ l l s t i c kt hebe i ngt hec ul t ur ee di t or .

Ni s h aE d mu n d s

Ni s hai saSwa ns e aUni ve r s i t yPos t Gr a dua t e c ur r e nt l yunde r t a ki nghe rMAi nI nt e r n a t i ona l J our na l i s m.

Wi t hs pe c i a li nt e r e s t spe r t a i ni ngt o PRa ndbr a ndi ng, s hea s pi r e st owor kwi t hi nt h e f a s hi o ni ndus t r y .Cur r e nt l ya ni nt e r nf orTa i wa ne s ebr a ndRa yChu, s heha sc ompr e he ns i ve knowl e dgeoft hec ur r e ntmove me nt swi t hi n gl oba lf a s hi oni ndus t r i e sa ndc a nwr i t ee xt e ns i ve l yonha ut ec out ur e .Thej oyofdr e s s i ngi n i t s e l fi sa na r tf or m,a nds hehope st os ha r et hi s wi t hyoudur i nghe rt i mea saf a s hi one di t or .

Dy l a nP a r r y

Dyl a nPa r r y;pa r tt i me3r dye a rEngLi ta nd Cr e a t i veWr i t i ngs t ude nt ,f ul lt i mepr oc r a s t i na t ora ndge ne r a lc a f f e i nee nt hus i a s t .

F e l i c t yMc Ke e

Fe l i c i t yi saf our t hye a rs t ude nte xpl or i ngdi s a bi l i t yhi s t or y .The ya r eat r us t e ea tDi s c ove r y a nds t ude ntpr oj e c tc oor di na t orf orConne c t whi c hof f e r spe e r t ope e ra ndgr oups uppor tt o pr omot es t ude ntwe l l be i ng.The ya r epa s s i ona t ea boutLGBTQI A+,Di s a bi l i t yRi ght sa nd Cl i ma t eCha nge , whe nnote nga ge di na c t i vi s m t he ye nj oyf a l l i ngdownr a bbi thol e sonNe t f l i x a ndDunge onsa ndDr a gons .

Ot he rCont r i but e r s

Ma t h u r i nAr o n

Ma t hur i ni sa2nd ye a rme di as t ude nt .He e nj oysc l i mbi ng, a ndt r a ve l l i ngl i kehi sbr ot he r .

He ‘ sa l s oa na s pi r i ngf i l mr e por t e r .Hea l r e a dy wr ot eoneort woa r t i c l e sf ort hewa t e r f r ontl a s t ye a ra ndc a n‘ twa i tt obemor ei nvol ve dt h i s ye a r !

Ma l oAr o n

Ma l oi saFr e nc hf i r s tye a rGe ogr a phys t ude nt .

Hi si nt e r e s t si nc l udebooksa ndf i l ms ,r unni ng, a ndt r a ve l l i ng.Hei sac r e a t i vepe r s onwho l i ve sl i f et ot hef ul l e s t !

I nt er es t edi nj oi ni ngTheWa t er f r ont ’ s

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Ma r c h .

Amo n t ht h a t , wh i l en o tc l a s s i f i e da sa wi n t e rmo n t h , c a ns o me t i me sr e t a i nt h ema g i c a l n a t u r eo ft h es e a s o nt h a tp r e c e d e di t .

On ef a t e f u l Ma r c hmo r n i n gi nt h ey e a r2 0 0 2 , No r f o l ka n di t s c i t i e swe r et r e a t e dwi t ht h el a t ea r r i v a lo faf a v o r i t ewe a t h e rc o n d i t i o no fmo s tc h i l d r e na c r o s s t h ewo r l d :s n o w.

Su c hwe a t h e rh a db e e nt h o u g h t d e a df o rt h el a s th a l fc e n t u r y , d u ei np a r tt ot h e c l i ma t ec h a n g et h ewo r l ds u f f e r e d .

Tot h ep e o p l e o ft h i smo d e r nEa r t h , wi n t e rwa sad i a mo n d a l b i n ou n i c o r nb o r no nt h e2 9 t ho fFe b r u a r y .

Th e r e f o r e , t h ea p p e a r a n c eo ft h i si c yc o u s i no f h a i la n dr a i na c t e da si n c r e d i b l emo t i v a t i o nf o r o n eTi mo t h yHa n s o nt or u s hf r o mh i sb e di nt h e u n r e a s o n a b l ye a r l ymo r n i n gt oc a p i t a l i z eo nt h i s r a r eo p p o r t u n i t y .

Ase n e r g e t i ca sa n y e i g h t y e a r o l dmi g h tb e , Ti mo t h yb o l t e dd o wnt h e s t a i r so fh i sf a t h e r ’ sh o u s el i k eama no nf i r e , a n d u n l a t c h e dt h ed o o rt ot h eg a r d e na tas p e e ds o q u i c ko n emi g h tmi s t a k eh i si n t e n t i o nf o rt r y i n gt o s c o r c ht h el o c k sa n db o l t s .

Fi n a l l y , h ed o v ei n t o t h et h i c kl a y e ro fs n o wt h a tb l a n k e t e dt h eg a r d e n g r a s s , s u r f a c i n gwi t ht h ewi d e s ts mi l ea n yf r e e z i n gc o l dc h i l dwo u l db ec a p a b l eo fmu s t e r i n g .

Ti mo t h yt h r e wt h es n o wi nt h ea i r , c h e e r i n gu n t i l h i sl u n g swe r er a wa n dt h es p a r r o wsh a da wo k e n .

Hed a s h e da r o u n da smu c ha st h eh e a v ys n o w wo u l da l l o wa n dt h r e ws n o wb a l l si na l ld i r e c t i o n s .

Ex h a u s t e d , h el a i do nh i sb a c ka n dt o o kar e l a x e d b r e a t h , a sh es a n ki n t ot h es n o wb e n e a t h .

Ash e g r e wc o l d e r , h et r i e dt os t r u g g l eb a c kt ot h es u r f a c et on oa v a i l .

Hec o u l dn ol o n g e rf e e lh i sl i mb s a n dh i sb r e a t hg r e ws h a l l o we rb yt h es e c o n d .

Th i s wa sat e r r i f y i n ga n di n e x p l i c a b l ee x p e r i e n c et o o n es u c ha sTi mo t h y , wh oh a dn e v e ri n t e r a c t e d wi t hs u c hwe a t h e rc o n d i t i o n sb e f o r ei nh i ss h o r t l i f e .

Hed e s c e n d e di n t os l e e p , a sh i ss ma l lf i g u r e wa ss wa l l o we db yt h ewh i t eb e a s t , n ol o n g e rv i s i b l et ot h o s ed we l l i n go nt h es u r f a c e .

Wi t hTi mo t h yr e mo v e d , t h es n o wb e c a mea l i v ea n dr e p l e n i s h e dt h eh o l el e f to ni t sb o d yb yp r o d u c i n gmo r e s n o w. “ W…wh e r ea mI ? ”I twa sc o l d .

Ti mo t h yc o u l d f e e ln o t h i n gb u tt h ei c yc o l dt h a ts u r r o u n d e dh i m.

I twa st h ec o l dt h a tg r i p p e dh i mwi t hf e a r , t h a t p i n n e dh i smo r t a ls o u lt ot h ef l o o rt or e v e a lt h e c o wa r d l yy o u n gb o yh i d d e nu n d e rt h eo p t i mi s t i c f a ç a d eo fa ne a g e ra d v e n t u r e r .

Bu tt h ec o l da l s o r e mi n d e dTi mo t h yh ewa sa l i v e .

Th a twa sa l lTi mo t h yn e e d e dt os u r v i v e ;t ok n o wt h a tt h e r ewa s s t i l lh o p ef o rh i mt or e c o v e rf r o mt h eh o r r i ds i t u a t i o nt h a th eh a df o u n dh i ms e l ft ob ei n .

Hes t o o d t a l l , b u tn o tq u i t ea st a l la sb e f o r e .

He a v i n e s sa n d e x h a u s t i o ns e e me dl i k en o t h i n gb u th y p o t h e t i c a l c o n s t r u c t so fh i st h i n k i n gmi n da sh es t e p p e df o r wa r d , u n a b l et of e e lt h ep r e s s u r eo fh i sf e e t a g a i n s tt h eg r o u n d .

I nt h ed i s t a n c ewe r ea ne n d l e s sa r r a yo ff i rt r e e sl i t t e r e dwi t hs n o w, o fwh i c h t h e r ewa sa l s op l e n t ye i t h e rs i d eo ft h ef o o t p a t h .

A f o o tp a t ht h a tr e f l e c t e dt h es h i n i n gs k y , wh i c h b r o u g h tt oq u e s t i o ni nTi mo t h y ’ smi n dh o we x a c t l yh eh a de n d e du pi ns u c had i f f e r e n tl o c a t i o n

f r o mt h a th ewa st a k e nf r o m, a swe l la sr e mi n d i n gh i m t h a tt h el a s tk n o wnd i r e c t i o nh eh a df e l th i ms e l fmo v i n g wa sd o wn wa r d .

Th en o t i o no fs o me h o wf a l l i n gf r o mt h e s k yo n t oa n o t h e rp l a n eo fe x i s t e n c es e e me dr i d i c u l o u st o t h ey o u n gb o y , a shes c r a t c h e dh i sc h i nwi t hh i sp a l ef i n g e r l e s sh a n d . “ Wa h h h , I ’ mamo n s t e r ! ”Ti mo t h ys c r e a me di n h o r r o ra tt h es i g h to fh i ss n o wc o mp r i s e df l e s h , r e t r e a t i n g i n t oas i t t i n gp o s i t i o no nt h ef l o o ra sh ec a met ot e r ms wi t ht h eb i z a r r er e a l i t yo fh i sp r e d i c a me n t .

Her e a c h e du p wi t hh i sl e f th a n da n dt o u c h e dh i sp o i n t yn o s ea n df e l t a r o u n df o ramo u t hi ns e a r c ho fr e a s s u r a n c e .

Het o o ka s i g ho fr e l i e fa sh ec o n f i r me dh i sn o s ea n dmo u t hc r e v a s s ewe r ea l s oma d eo fs n o w, r a t h e rt h a nt h ee x p e c t e d c a r r o ta n dp e b b l e s .

Te mp t e d , h er e a c h e dt ot o u c hh i s e y e s , b u td e c i d e dt h a tt h ep o s s i b i l i t yo ft h e mb e i n ga n y t h i n ge x c e p th u ma ni nn a t u r ewa st o oh o r r i b l et oe n t e r t a i n t h ed i s c o v e r yo fs u c hap o t e n t i a lt r u t h .

Bo r na n e wi nt h i si n c o n v e n i e n tf o r m, Ti mo t h y f o l l o we dt h ep a t ha h e a dc a u t i o u s l y .

Fu r t h e ra n df u r t h e r , h eh i k e d , u n t i lf i n a l l yTi mo t h ya r r i v e da twh a ts e e me dt o b eav i l l a g e , h i sv i l l a g e .

Ex c i t e d , t h eh a p p yc h i l do fs n o w r a c e dd o wnt h eh i l ls l o p et h a tt h ep a t hf o l l o we d ;p a y i n g n omi n dt ot h ed e n t si nh i ss n o wyf e e tt h ec o n c r e t et r a i l mi g h tl e a v e .

Hes k i p p e da n dc h e e r e da n dd a n c e d , a n dy e t t h i smo me n t a r ye mo t i o n a lh i g hd i s s o l v e dl i k eas u g a r c u b ei nah o tb e v e r a g e .

Ti mo t h ya r r i v e da th i sh o me , p a u s i n ga tt h ep o r c ha sh ec a met oas u d d e nr e a l i z a t i o n ; h ewa sn o wt h eu n i c o r n .

I twa sa st h o u g hTi mo t h yh a d s t u mb l e di n t oad i f f e r e n tf a mi l i a rwo r l d , o n et h a th e f o u n dh i ms e l fu n a b l et ol i v ei n .

Hi sc u r s e df o r mwa sa n o b s t a c l e , i mp r i s o n i n gTi mo t h yi na ni s o l a t e dl i f e .

Ti mo t h yf e a r e dt h a tt h er e v e l a t i o no fh i sn e wi d e n t i t ywo u l d i n c i t ear i o ti nt h en a meo fs l a y i n gt h e‘ s n o wmo n s t e r ’ .

I n h i sp a n i c , Ti mo t h yr e t r e a t e da r o u n dt h eh o u s ea n di n t o t h eb a c k y a r d .

On c ea g a i n , h ed o v ei n t ot h el a r g ep a t c ho f s n o wt h a th a do n c es wa l l o we dh i mwh o l e .

Hep r a y e df o r t h es a met h i st i me , wi s h i n gf o rar e l e a s ei nt h en a meo f me r c y .

Wa i t i n gt os i n kf u r t h e ra n df u r t h e r , h ec u r l e di na b a l la n dwh i mp e r e dt oh i ms e l fa sad y i n gc a n i n emi g h ti n t i me so fg r e a tp a i n .

Ash ef e l tc l o s et ot h ee n d , h i sa r ms we r es u d d e n l ys e i z e db yap o we r f u lf o r c e , a n dh ewa s y a n k e db a c ko u to ft h es n o wwi t ht r e me n d o u sf o r c e .

“ Ti mo t h yFr o s t wo r t hHa n s o n , wh a td oy o ut h i n ky o u ’ r e d o i n go u tt h i se a r l y ?Yo uh a du swo r r i e ds i c k , ”h i sf a t h e r s c o l d e d , wh i l eh i smo t h e re mb r a c e dt h eb e wi l d e r e dTi mo t h ywi t ha na f f e c t i o n a t es q u e e z e .

Ov e r c o mewi t he mo t i o n , Ti mo t h ywe p ti n t oh i smo t h e r ’ ss h o u l d e r , mu t t e r i n g a l lt h ewh i l eo fh i sr e l i e ft os e et h e ma n da p o l o g i z i n gp r o f u s e l y .

Hef e l tt h ewa r mt ho fh i smo t h e r ’ sc h e e ka g a i n s t h i sn e c k , a n dt h es t i n go ft h ec o l da g a i n s th i st e n d e rs k i n .

Hek n e wn o th o wo rwh yh eh a db e e na f f l i c t e dwi t ht h e p u n i s h me n to fb e i n gf o r c e dt oa d j u s tt ol i v i n ga sas n owma n , b u ta st h a tn i g h t ma r ec e a s e d , h ef e l ts a f ea g a i n .

He wa sa b l et ol i v el i f ea st h eu n b r e a k a b l ea d v e n t u r e rTi mo t h yHa n s o n , a n dn oa n g r ymo bo rb i g o t e dp o l i t i c i a nwa s g o i n gt od e c r e eo t h e r wi s e . “ CCa nweg oi n s i d e , p a p a ?Pl e a s e ? ”Hi sf a t h e r n o d d e di nr e s p o n s et ot h es n i f f l i n gb o y ’ sp l e a s , g r a n t i n g h i mawa r ma n df o r g i v i n gs mi l ea sh ea n dTi mo t h y ’ s mo t h e re s c o r t e dt h ef o r me rs n o wb o yi n s i d e .

Ti mo t h y c l u n gt oh i smo t h e ra ss h es t e p p e dt o wa r d st h eh o u s e , n o t i c i n gt h ewi n d o wt ot h ek i t c h e n , o rr a t h e r , wh a ti twa sr e f l e c t i n g .

Th e r ewa sn os n o wo nt h el a wno ft h eg a r d e ni n t h er e f l e c t e di ma g e , a st h o u g hi tn e v e rs n o we dt ob e g i n wi t h .

Wo r s ey e t , t h e r ewe r en oh u ma nr e f l e c t i o n st h a t Ti mo t h yc o u l ds p o t , o n l yt h r e ewh i t ef i g u r e s .

Dr e a d wa s h e do v e rTi mo t h ymo me n t a r i l y , b u tt h ewa r mt ho fh i s h o u s es o o t h e dh i ss p i r i t .

Th es h o r e l i n es e p a r a t i n gf a c t f r o mf a n t a s ywa s h e da wa yt h ewo r r i s o mec o n c e p to fa h u ma nb e i n ga n dl e f ti ni t ss t e a dt h ec o mf o r to fb e i n ga d i a mo n da l b i n ou n i c o r ns u r r o u n d e db yt h o s eo ft h es a me n a t u r e .

Hewo u l dc a r r yt h i swi t hh i mf o r e v e r , c h e r i s h i n g t h ek n o wl e d g et h a th ewa sn e v e ra l o n e .

I nt er r oga t r i on Is a ti nt h ei n t e r r o g a t i o nr o o m,wa n d e r i n gwh yt h e yh a db r o u g h tmei n .

Wha twa st h i sa b o u t ?Ama ns t o r me d t h r o u g ht h ed o o r ,as c o wlu p o nh i s d a r kf a c e ,a n dt h r e w ab u n c ho f p h o t o so nt h et a b l ei nf r o n to fme .I s t a r e da th i m,r i g h ti nh i sa n g r y b r o wne y e s , t h e na tt h ep h o t o s .

So me we r eo fp o r t r a i t s ,s o mewe r eo l d , s o mewe r en e we r .Th e yh a db e e n t a k e nf r o mma n yd i f f e r e n te r a s .

I na l l o ft h e m,wa say o u n g wo ma n .A wo ma n ,wh ol o o k e de x a c t l yl i k eme .

Th es a mel i g h th a i r ,b l u ee y e s ,l i g h t c o mp l e x i o na n dd e l i c a t ef e a t u r e s .I l o o k e db a c ka tt h ema ns mu g l y .Th i s wa sg o i n gt ob ef u n . ‘ Wh oa r ey o u ? ’Hea s k e dc u r t l y , s l a mmi n gh i sh a n d so nt h et a b l e . ‘ Sh o u l d n ’ ty o ui n t r o d u c ey o u r s e l f f i r s t ?I t ’ st h ep o l i t et h i n gt od o . ’Ir e s p o n d e d . ‘ Fi n e .

I ’ mJ a c k . ’Hes a i d , c l e a r l ya n n o y e d . ‘ No w, wh oa r ey o u ? ’ ‘ Ev e l y n . ’ ‘ Ho w, e x a c t l y , a r ey o ui na l lo ft h e s e p h o t o s , Ev e l y n ? ’ ‘ I t ’ sc o mp l i c a t e d . ’ ‘ Wh a td oy o ume a n , i t ’ sc o mp l i c a t e d ? ’ Is t a r e da th i m,wi t ht h a ts a mes mu g s mi l e ,a n ds a i dn o t h i n g .Hep a c e d a r o u n dt h er o o m,a g i t a t e d .Iwa sg e t t i n gt oh i m.Si g h i n g ,h er e p e a t e dt h e q u e s t i o n .

Is t a y e ds i l e n t .

Hi sp a r t n e r , Ia s s u me d , c a met h r o u g h t h ed o o r , c l o a k e di ns h a d o w, b e c k o n i n gh i mt ol e a v e .

Ass o o na sh ed i d , I b u r s ti n t ol a u g h t e r .Th i swa smo r e e n t e r t a i n i n gt h a nIt h o u g h ti two u l d b e .Ih a dk n o wnt h i swo u l dc o me e v e n t u a l l y .Th ed a ymys e c r e two u l d c o met ol i g h t .Bu tIwa s n ’ tg o i n gt o ma k ei te a s yf o rt h e m.Wh a two u l d b et h ef u ni nt h a t ?Be s i d e s ,Ih a da l l t h et i mei nt h ewo r l d .Mye y e sf e l l b a c kt ot h ep h o t o s ,a st h e ywe r et h e o n l yi n t e r e s t i n gt h i n g si nt h er o o m, a n dg a z e dl o v i n g l ya to n ep a r t i c u l a r p h o t of r o mt h eVi c t o r i a ne r a ,o fme a n dav e r ys p e c i a lf r i e n d .Th a twa sa t i me t or e me mb e r .J a c kr e t u r n e d , s n a p p i n gmeo u to fi t .Hes e e me dt o h a v ec a l me dd o wnab i t ,a n dt o o ka s e a to p p o s i t eme .

Th i st i me ,h i sp a r t n e rt o o kas e a ta swe l l .Ic o u l dn o t t a k emye y e so f fh e r .He rp i e r c i n g

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g r e e ne ye swe r eb r e a t h t a k i n ga n d ‘ Th e no u rc o n v e r s a t i o ni so v e r . ’I s e e me dt os t a r ei n t omyv e r ys o u l .s t a t e d ,f o l d i n g my a r ms . Ca r a He rh a i rwa sf i e r yr e d ,y e th a da d r a g g e dh i mo u tf o rat a l k ,c l e a r l y g r a c e f u la i rt oi t .Ih a dn o ts e e n o u t r a g e d .Th i s wa sg o i n gt ob e s u c hb e a u t yi ne o n s . g o o d .Th e y we r eg o n ef o rq u i t e s o m e t i m e .

J u d g i n g b y h i s f a c e u p o n ‘ So , h o wd i dy o ue n du pi nt h e s e i sr e t u r n ,i twa ss a f et oa s s u me p h o t o s ? ’s h ea s k e d , h e rv o i c ea s h C a r a h a d w o n o u t . s o f ta ss i l k .

Ok .

Wh a t e v e ry o us a ywo n ’ tl e a v e ‘ Iwa st h e r ewh e nt h e ywe r et a k e n . ’‘ t h i s r o o m . ’ S h e c o n f i r m e d .

I Ia n s we r e d . ‘ Bu tt h a two u l db ei mn o d d e dmya p p r o v a l . ‘ So , h o w p o s s i bl e , wo u l d n ’ ti t ? ’ h a v ey o uma n a g e dt ol i v es ol o n g ?

O r a r e y o u m a k i n g t h i s u p ? ’ J a c k ‘ No .

I two u l dn o t . ’‘ Ho ws o ? ’ a s k e d , f r u s t r a t e d .

Th i so n ewa sg o o d .Sh ek n e wh o w t op l a yt h eg a me . ‘ Ia mo l d e rt h a nI ‘ Top u t i t s i mp l y , Ic a n n o t d i e . ’ Th e y a p p e a rt ob e .

I nf a c t , I ' mo n eo ft h e s t a r e d ,wi d ee y e di nd i s b e l i e f .

Ti me o l d e s ti ne x i s t e n c e . ’ Th e ys t a r e da t t od r o pt h eb o mb .‘ Myr e a ln a mei s me , t h e nt u r n e dt oe a c ho t h e r , p e r - Ap h r o d i t e ,g o d d e s so fl o v e ,t h o u g h p l e x e d . ‘ Ho wc o u l dt h a tb e ?I ss h e Id on o tg ob yt h a tn a mea n y mo r e . ’ ma k i n gt h i su p ?Sh eh a st ob e Th e i rj a wsd r o p p e da tt h a t .Th e i r ma k i n gt h i su p . ’J a c kmu r mu r e d . f a c e swe r ep r i c e l e s s . ‘ Wh a t ?Th i si s r i d i c u l o us ! ’J a c kq u e s t i o n e d . ‘ Id o n ’ tk n o w.

Th e s ep h o t o sc l e a r l y h a v e n ’ tb e e nt a mp e r e dwi t h . ’Hi s Ast h e ys e e me dt ob ei nd e n i a l , Id e p a r t n e rs a i d , l o o k i ngb a c ka tmei n c i d e dt os h o wt h e mt h et r u t hf o r c o n f u s i o n . ‘ Ei t h e ri t ’ st r u e , o rt h e r e t h e ms e l ve s .Byr e l e a s i n gmyAr c a we r ema n yp e o p l ewh ol o o k e dl i k e n u m, Ia l l o we dmyt r u es e l ft ob er e h e ra c r o s sh i s t o r y .

Bo t ha r ee q u a l l y v e a l e d .Un a b l et op a r tt h e i re y e s u n l i k e l y . ’ wi t hs u c hd i v i n i t y ,t h e ys i mp l y b e h e l d me i n wo n d e r ,f i n a l l y Th e r ewa so n ef i n a lp a r tt ot h e c o mi n gt ot e r mswi t hi t .

Th ea n s we r s e c r e t , b u tIwa s n ’ tg o i n gt or e v e a l t ot h e i rp u z z l e .Id r e wb a c kmyAr i t .

No ty e t .

Th a two u l db et o oe a s y . c a n u m,mya p p e a r a n c er e t u r n i n gt o Pl u s , Iwa sh a v i n gwa yt o omu c h h o wi twa sb e f o r e .I tt o o kawh i l e f u np l a y i n gwi t ht h e m.

Hu ma n s f o rt h e m t og e to v e rt h ei n i t i a l we r es oi n t e r e s t i n g . s h o c k ,b u ti ts a n ki ne v e n t u a l l y . ‘ J u s two n d e r i n g , wh a t ' sy o u r ‘ Yo u ’ r ef r e et og o .S. . .s o r r ya b o u t n a me ? ’Ia s k e dt h ep a r t n e rp l a y f u l - a l lt h i s . ’J a c ks a i d ,al i t t l ea s h a me d l y . ‘ Ca r a . ’Sh ea n s we r e d . b yb r i n g i n gi nag o d d e s s . ‘ Ab e a u t i f u ln a mef o rab e a u t i f u l‘ Do n ’ ta p o l o g i s e , i twa sap l e a s u r e . ’ wo ma n . ’Sh eb l u s h e d al i t t l e ,a Is mi l e d ,a n dh e a d e df o rt h ed o o r . s h o c k e de x p r e s s i o no nh e rf a c e ,b u t Ho we v e r , t h e r ewa so n ef i n a l t h i n gI s h eq u i c k l yr e g a i n e dh e rc o mp o - wa n t e dt od oh e r e . “ Oh , Ca r a , c o u l d s u r e .‘ I fwh a ty o us a yi st r u e ,h o w Ih a v ey o u rn u mb e r ? ” h a v ey o uma n a g e dt ol i v es ol o n g ? ’ ‘ Su r e ,b u ti fIma ya s k ,wh yd oy o u It o o kmyt i me ,g r i n n i n g .Sh ec e r - wa n ti t ? ’Sh ea s k e d ,s c r i b b l i n gi t t a i n l yk n e wt h er i g h tq u e s t i o n st o d o wno nas ma l ls l i po fp a p e r ,a n d a s k .

Bu t b e f o r eIa n s we r e d , In e e d e d h a n d i n gi tt ome . t ok n o wi ft h e yc o u l db et r u s t e d . ‘ Be c a u s eIl i k ey o u . ’Is a i de a r n e s t ‘ Th ea n s we rt ot h a tmu s tb ek e p t l y .He re y e sl i tu pa tt h a t .‘ I ’ l lc a l l s e c r e t . ’‘ Wh y ? ’J a c ks a i d .‘ I ft h i si sy o us o me t i me . ’ An dwi t ht h a t ,I n o tk e p ts e c r e t , myl i f eh e r ewi l lb e l e f t ,k n o wi n g ,t h a tI ’ l lme e th e r o v e r .

Pr o mi s emey o u ’ l lk e e pt h i s a g a i ns o o n .

An dh o wIwa sl o o k i n g p r i v a t e . ’Is t a r e di n t e n t l ya tt h e m, f o r wa r dt oi t .Af t e ra l l ,Iwa st h e wa i t i n g . ‘ Ic a n ’ tp r o mi s et h a t . ’J a c k g o d d e s so fl o v e . s t a t e d .

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Ho f f ma na sRa y mo n d ,a na u t i s t i c b d , i to f t e nc o me so f fa sh o l l o w s o o n t o b e mi l l i o n a i r e ,i n Ra i n An f f e n s i v e ,o ra na c t o r ' sa t t e mp tt o Ma n ( 1 9 8 8 ) —wh i c h a l l o we d o na wa r d sf o rb e i n g‘ b r a v e ’a n d Ho f f ma nt ob a gh i ss e c o n dOs - wi

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r o s t h e t i c st oJ a c o bTr e mb l a yi n t o o ko v e ra so n eo ft h ema i nc h a r p n d e r( 2 0 1 7 )wa su n n e c e s s a r y a c t e r s .Ig u e s sRy a nMu r p h ywa s Wo ft h e yh a da c t u a l l yc a s tac h i l d t o obu s ymo l l y c o d d l i n gLe a hMi - i c t o r wi t h a Ma n d i b u l o f a c i a l c h e l l et og i v eu sa n y t h i n gi n t e r e s t - a s o s t o s i s( MFD)d i s f i g u r e me n t . i n g wi t h Ar t i e . Or Me r c e d e s Dy

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d r e a ms .

Al o n gt h ewa y ,h eb e g i n s t r a v e l l i n gwi t ha no u t l a wn a me d Ty l e r( La Be o u f )a n dd e v e l o p sa s t r a n g ea l l y s h i pa sTy l e rp o s e s h i ms e l fa sa s u r v i v a l i s t me n t o r t y p ef i g u r e .A c r i mi n a lBe a r Gr y l l s , i fy o uwi l l . gz

Asr o a dt r i pmo v i e su s u a l l yp a n o u t , t h ep a i re n c o u n t e rma n yt r i a l s a n dt r i b u l a t i o n st h a ta t t e mp tt o r o a d b l o c kt h ep a i r ' sj o u r n e yt o No r t hCa r o l i n a ,s uc ha sav i c i o u s g a n g ,t h es o c i a lwo r k e r s ,u n t r u s t wo r t h yf e l l o w wr e s t l e r s ,a n dt h e b r u t a ln a t u r eo ft h eg r e a to u t d o o r s .

Cr e di t@Va r i e t y

At n op o i n t i nt h ef i l md o e si t e v e r p o r t r a y Za ka sa n y t h i n gb u ta y o u n gk i dwi t had r e a m,wh i c hi s p r o b a b l yd u et ot h ei n i t i a l c o n c e p t i o no ft h es t o r y .Th ed i r e c t o r s , Ty l e r Ni l s o n a n d Mi c h a e l Sc h wa r t z ,me tas l i g h t l yy o u n g e r Go t t s a g e na tac a mpf o rd i s a b l e d p e o p l e ,wh e r eh ep r o f e s s e dh i s d r e a mo fb e c o mi n gamo v i es t a r .

Ir e a l l yd on o twa n tt og i v emu c h Th ep a i rb a s e dt h es c r i p ta r o u n d a wa ya si ti sb e t t e rt oe x p e r i e n c e Za c ka n dh i sb i g t i mea s p i r a t i o n s , t h i smo v i ewi t hf r e s he y e sa n da n a n dt h u s , Th e Pe a n u t Bu t t e r o p e n mi n d .Bewa r n e di td o e s Fa l c o nwa sb o r n . c o n t a i nl a n g u a g et h a tma yb ed i s t r e s s i n gt os o mev i e we r s .Bu t ,I ’ l l j u s tl e a v ey o uwi t ht h en u mb e r o n er u l e :Pa r t y !

Cr e di t@ Si l v e rSc r e e nRi ot

ASt or y f r omt he Sp e c t r um ByMor ga nGue s s Wi l l i a ms

Aswe l la st h i s ,myg r a n d mo t h e rn o t i c e dwh e nI wa s1y e a ro l dt h a tIk n e wh o wt of u l l yo p e r a t ea VHSp l a y e r–Iu s e dt ob ea b l et or e wi n dat a p eo f ac a r t o o nwh e ni twa sd o n e .No t i c i n gt h e s et h i n g s wi t hme ,s h er e s e a r c h e da n dr e s e a r c h e da n de v e n t u a l l yf o u n do u ta b o u ta u t i s m,s p e n d i n g ma n y h o u r sr e a d i n gb o o k sa n da r t i c l e sa b o u ta u t i s m, wh a ti twa s ,a n dt h es i g n sa n ds y mp t o ms .Af t e ra wh i l e ,s h eh a dac h a twi t hmyp a r e n t sa n do t h e r f a mi l y me mb e r st od i s c u s swi t ht h e mt h a tt h e r e a s o nwh yIwa sa c t i n gu pwa sb e c a u s eIma yb e a u t i s t i c .Th e ywe r es h o c k e da tf i r s t ,b u ti nt i me , wi t hh e re x p e r tk n o wl e d g eo ft h es u b j e c t ,s h e c o n v i n c e dmyf a mi l yme mb e r st oa l l o wh e rt ot a k e met os e ed o c t o r sa b o u tg e t t i n g met e s t e df o r a u t i s m.

An ds o , wh e nIwa sf o u r , Iwa so f f i c i a l l yd i a g n o s e dwi t ha u t i s ms p e c t r u md i s o r d e r .

I ma g e :Cl a s s i c Ka t s a r a Iwa sf o u ry e a r so l dwh e nIwa sf o r ma l l yd i a g n o s e d wi t ha u t i s m.Myg r a n d mo t h e rn o t i c e ds o met h i n g s a b o u tmet h a tma d emed i f f e r e n tf r o mo t h e rk i d s :I wa sl o u d l ys c r e a mi n ga n dc r y i n ga ts o u n d s .Iwe n t o f ft h ef o o dIu s e dt oe a ta t9mo n t h Aswe l la st h i s , myg r a n d mo t h e rn o t i c e dwh e nIwa s1y e a ro l dt h a tI k n e wh o wt of u l l yo p e r a t eaVHSp l a y e r–Iu s e dt o b ea b l et or e wi n dat a p eo fac a r t o o nwh e ni twa s d o n e .No t i c i n gt h e s et h i n g swi t hme ,s h er e s e a r c h e d a n dr e s e a r c h e da n de v e n t u a l l yf o u n do u ta b o u t a u t i s m, s p e n d i n gma n yh o u r sr e a d i n gb o o k sa n da r t i c l e sa b o u ta u t i s m,wh a ti twa s ,a n dt h es i g n sa n d s y mp t o ms .

Af t e rawh i l e , s h eh a dac h a t wi t hmyp a r e n t sa n do t h e rf a mi l yme mb e r st od i s c u s swi t ht h e m t h a tt h er e a s o nwh yIwa sa c t i n gu pwa sb e c a u s eI ma yb ea u t i s t i c . so l de n t i r e l ya n do n l ya t et h es a me t h i n ge v e r ys i n g l ed a y .Iwa sh o wl i n gl i k eIwa si n a g o n ywh e n e v e rIwa sn e a rb r i g h tl i g h t s , l i k eo n e sa t s u p e r ma r k e t s .Ih a t e dwh e nmyp a r e n t st o o kmet o

Whe np e o p l eh e a ro fa u t i s m,t h e yt h i n ko ft h ea u t i s t i cs p e c t r u m, a n dt h es o c a l l e d“ l e v e l s ”o fa u t i s m t h a ta u t i s t i cp e o p l eh a v e .Mep e r s o n a l l y ,Ih a v e h i g h f u n c t i o n i n ga u t i s m,o r“ Le v e l1 ”a u t i s m, me a n i n gt h a tmya u t i s ma f f e c t smei nt e r mso fd i f f i c u l t yi ni n i t i a t i n gs o c i a li n t e r a c t i o n so ro r g a n i s a t i o n a la n dp l a n n i n gp r o b l e ms .

Iwo u l da g r e eo nt h e d i f f i c u l t yi ns o c i a li n t e r a c t i o n sa n ds o c i a la n x i e t y p a r t ,b u tn o to nt h eo r g a n i s a t i o n a la n dp l a n n i n g .I h a v eg r e a to r g a n i s a t i o n a la n dp l a n n i n gs k i l l s .

An y wa y ,b a c kt ot h ea r t i c l e .On ei mp o r t a n tt h i n g t h a tImu s te mp h a s i s eb e f o r ec o n t i n u i n gi st h a tn o t wop e o p l ewi t ha u t i s ma r et h es a me–e a c hp e r s o n wi t ha u t i s me x p e r i e n c e sd i f f e r e n tl e v e l sa n dd i f f e r e n ts y mp t o ms .So mema yh a v eh i g h f u n c t i o n i n g a u t i s m,l i k emy s e l f ,wh i l s to t h e r sma yh a v ei t wo r s e ,wi t hl o wf u n c t i o n i n ga u t i s mo r“ Le v e l3 ” a u t i s m,wh e r et h e yh a v es e v e r ed e f i c i t si nv e r b a l a n dn o n v e r b a lc o mmu n i c a t i o ns k i l l s .Re g a r d l e s s o fl e v e l s ,e a c hp e r s o nwi t ha u t i s mi su n i q u ea n d s p e c i a li nt h e i ro wnwa y ,a n ds oa r et h e i rs t r e n g t h s a n dd i f f i c u l t i e s .

Au t i s t i cp e o p l ee x p e r i e n c e ma n yd i f f e r e n t s y mp t o ms ,wi t he a c ho ft h e me x p e r i e n c i n g s o me ,l o t s ,o rv e r yl i t t l ea ta l l .Th ec o mmo n s i g n s ,s y mp t o msa n ds t r u g g l e st h a ta u t i s t i c p e o p l eh a v ea r el i s t e di nd e t a i la sf o l l o ws : St r u g g l e swi t hs o c i a lc o mmu n i c a t i o na n di n t e r a c t i o n–Au t i s t i cp e o p l eh a v ed i f f i c u l t i e si n b o t hi n t e r p r e t i n gwi t hv e r b a la n dn o n v e r b a l l a n g u a g e ,l i k eap e r s o n ’ sg e s t u r e s ,e mo t i o n s , f e e l i n g s ,t o n eo fv o i c ea n di n t e n t i o n s .So me a u t i s t i cp e o p l ema yh a v ee x t r e med i f f i c u l t i e s wi t ht h i s ,a n ds o mea u t i s t i cp e o p l eh a v ev e r y g o o dl a n g u a g es k i l l sb u tma ys t i l ls t r u g g l e wi t ht h i s .Be c a u s eo ft h i s ,s o mep e o p l ewi t h o u ta u t i s m ma ys e es o me o n ewi t ha u t i s ma s b e i n gi n s e n s i t i v e ,a ss h yo rs o me o n ewh o h a t e sp e o p l e , wh e ni nr e a l i t yt h e yd on o t me a n t ob el i k et h a t ,a n dt h e ys t r u g g l eal o twi t h s o c i a li n t e r a c t i o n .

Re p e t i t i v eb e h a v i o u r–Th ewo r l dc a ns e e m l i k ea nu n p r e d i c t a b l ea n dc o n f u s i n gp l a c et o a u t i s t i cp e o p l e–t od e a lwi t ht h i s , s o mea u t i s t i cp e o p l el i k et of o l l o wa n dp r a c t i c er o u t i n e s , s ot h e yk n o wwh a ti sg o i n gt oh a p p e n .Th e s e r o u t i n e si n c l u d et r a v e l l i n gac e r t a i nr o u t et oa k n o wnl o c a t i o n ,wh a tc l o t h e st h e ya r eg o i n g t owe a ro ns p e c i f i cd a y s ,o rt h es a mef o o d s t h a tt h e ywo u l de a te v e r yd a y .

Toan o n a u t i s t i cp e r s o n ,t h i swo u l db es e e na sr e p e t i t i v e , b u t a u t i s t i cp e o p l ed on o t f i n dt h i sr e p e t i t i v ea t a l l –t h e yi nf a c t e n j o yf o l l o wi n gt h es a mer o u t i n ea n de n j o yp r a c t i c i n gt h i n g st h a ta r e k n o wnt ot h e ma n dd on o tc h a n g e ,a n ds o me a u t i s t i cp e o p l es t r u g g l ev e r y mu c h wh e n s o me t h i n gc h a n g e s ,l i k eg o i n gt o an e w s c h o o l ,h a v i n gt og oad i f f e r e n tr o u t et oal o c a t i o n ,o re v e ns o me t h i n ga ss ma l la st h ema t e r i a lo nt h e i rc l o t h e so rad i f f e r e n tk i n do f b r a n do ff o o d .

Se n s i t i v i t yt ol i g h t ,s o u n d s ,t a s t eo rt o u c h– Au t i s t i cp e o p l ema yo rma yn o te x p e r i e n c e o v e r s e n s i t i v i t yt os o u n d s ,t o u c h ,t a s t e s , s me l l s ,l i g h t ,c o l o ur s ,o rt e mp e r a t u r e s .

Wh i l s t ma n yp e o p l ei g n o r eo rb l o c ko u ts o u n d sl i k e b a c k g r o u n dmu s i ci nas h o po rmu s i cb e i n g p l a y e do nas p e a k e r , s o mea u t i s t i cp e o p l ema y b eo v e r s e n s i t i v et os o u n d sl i k et h i sa n df i n di t l o u da n dd i s t r a c t i n g .

Au t i s t i cp e o p l ema yn o t l i k ec e r t a i ns me l l so ff o o do rp l a c e s , a n ds o me ma yn o tl i k eac e r t a i nc o l o u r ,a n da v o i d e v e r y t h i n gt od owi t ht h a tc o l o u re n t i r e l y .

So mea u t i s t i cp e o p l ep r e f e rn o tt oh u gp e o p l e o rs h a k ep e o p l e ’ sh a n d , wh i c hma ys e e mr u d e t on o n a u t i s t i cp e o p l ewh e r et h et r u t hi si t i s n ’ tc o mi n ga c r o s st h a twa y .Be c a u s eo ft h i s o v e r s e n s i t i v i t yt oo u rs e n s e s ,a u t i s t i cp e o p l e mi g h ta v o i ds i t u a t i o n st h a ts o men o n a u t i s t i c p e o p l ef i n de a s y ,l i k eg o i n gt os c h o o l ,t h e s h o p so rg o i n go u tt oan i g h t c l u bo rap u b , b e c a u s eo ft h e i ro v e r s e n s i t i v i t yo fs e n s e swh i c h i so v e r wh e l mi n ga n da n x i e t y i n d u c i n gt o s o me .

I ma g e :Cl a s s i c Ka t s a r a Hi g h l yf o c u s e di n t e r e s t sa n dh o b b i e s–Ma n ya u t i s t i cp e o p l eh a v e i n t e n s ea n dh i g h l yf o c u s e di n t e r e s t s ,o f t e nf r o m ay o u n ga g e .

Th e s ec a nc h a n g eo v e rt i meo rb el i f e l o n g .

An dwi t ht h i s ,a u t i s t i c p e o p l ec a nb e c o mee x p e r t si nt h e i rc h o s e ni n t e r e s t sa n do f t e nl i k e t os h a r et h e i re x p e r t i s ek n o wl e d g eo ft h e i rh o b b i e sa n di n t e r e s t st o o t h e r se x t e n s i v e l y .

Th e s eh o b b i e sa n di n t e r e s t sc a nl i t e r a l l yb ea n y t h i n g , l i k eaTVs h o w, af i l m, ag a me , ac e r t a i nc h a r a c t e r , ab a n d , u b j e c t a t s c h o o l , at o p i cl i k et h ee n v i r o n me n t o rp o l i t i c s , c a r s , s o as o ns of o r t h .

Ands o,wi t ht hi si nf or ma t i oni nmi nd, howc a nonehe l pa f r i e ndoral ove done di a gnos e dwi t h a ut i s m?He r e ’ ss ome t i psonhowyouc a n he l p!

Re me mbe rt ha te a c hpe r s o nwi t ha ut i s mi sdi f f e r e nt a nduni quei nt he i ro wnwa y .Th e yma yh a v es o me s y mp t o ms ,v e r yl i t t l es y mp t o ms ,o rl ot so fs y mp t o ms .

Un d e r s t a n d i n gt h a te v e r y o n ewi t ha u t i s mi sd i f f e r e n tc a n h e l pal o twh e nh e l p i n gaf r i e n do rl o v e do n ewi t ha u t i s m.

Addr e s sa dul t swi t ha ut i s ma sy o uwo ul dwi t ha ny o t he ra dul t ,n o tl i k eac h i l d .Don o ta s s u met h a ta d u l t s wi t ha u t i s ml a c kc o g n i t i v es k i l l s .Th e yma yu n d e r s t a n d e v e r ywo r dy o us a yb u tma yh a v ed i f f i c u l t yr e s p o n d i n g v e r b a l l y .Pl u s ,f r o m ap e r s o n a lp e r s p e c t i v e ,i t ’ sa n n o y i n g wh e ns o me o n ec o mp a r e smet oac h i l dwh e nIa ma n a d u l t .

Bec l e a ra ndc o nc i s ewi t hy o urdi s c us s i o nswi t ha ut i s t i cpe o pl e–a v o i du s i n gp h r a s e s ,wo r d so ri d i o mst h a t ma yn o tb ef a mi l i a rt oa na u t i s t i cp e r s o n , a st h e yma yn o t u n d e r s t a n dt h eme a n i n gb e h i n dt h e m.

I th e l p st ob ec l e a r , l i t e r a la n dc o n c i s ewh e nh a v i n gd i s c u s s i o n swi t hs o me o n ewi t ha u t i s m,a n di tc a nh e l pt h e mt ou n d e r s t a n dy o u mo r e .

Re s pe c tt he i rr o ut i ne s ,a nd a i dt he mi fs o me t hi ng c ha ng e s ,e v e ni fi t ’ ss o me t hi ngs ma l l–a sIs a i db e f o r e , ma n yp e o p l ewi t ha u t i s me n j o yf o l l o wi n gt h e i ro wnr o u t i n e s , a n dg e td i s t r e s s e dwh e ns o me t h i n gc h a n g e si nt h e i r r o u t i n e .

Re s p e c ta n ds u p p o r twh a t e v e rr o u t i n et h e yh a v e , a n db es u p p o r t i v ewh e ns o me t h i n gc h a n g e s , h o we v e rb i g o rs ma l li tma yb e .

Ke e ps o c i a le v e nt squi e ta ndpe a c e f ul–s o mep e o p l e wi t ha u t i s mh a v es e n s o r yi s s u e s , wh i c hc a nma k ei td i f f i c u l t f o rt h e mt oc o p ei nh u g e , c r o wd e dp u b l i cs p a c e s , l i k e f e s t i v a l s ,c l u b s ,o rr e s t a u r a n t s .So ,k e e ps o c i a le v e n t s q u i e ta n dh o s te v e n t sa tap l a c ewh i c hd o e sn o tf e e lo v e r wh e l mi n gt oa na u t i s t i cp e r s o n .

I fy ou’ dl i k et or ea dal otmor ei nf or ma t i ona bout a ut i s m, pl ea s ec hec koutt heNa t i ona l Aut i s t i cS oc i et y .

T hey’ r ea na ma z i ngor ga ni s a t i ona ndIr ec ommendy ouc hec kt hem outi fy ouneedf ur t her i nf or ma t i onora dv i c e .

I hopet hi sa r t i c l es er v esa s ahel pf ult ooli nr a i s i nga wa r enes sofa ut i s m, a nd howy ouc a nhel ps omeonewi t hi t .

HowdoDi s abi l i t i esaffec t day t odayl i f e?Whati sbei ngdone t os uppor tt hos ewi t hdi s abi l i t i es ?

Ad i s a b i l i t yc a nb ed e f i n e da sac o n d i t i o nwh i c hr e s t r i c t sa ni n d i v i d u a l ’ s a b i l i t i e s , e i t h e rp h y s i c a l l yo rme n t a l l y .

I ti se s t i ma t e dt h a to n eb i l l i o n ( 1 5 %)o ft h eg l o b a lp o p u l a t i o ns u f f e rf r o mat y p eo fd i s a b i l i t y .

Th e r ea r e av a r i e t yo fd i s t i n c td i s a b i l i t i e s , a n dt h e s ei n c l u d ei n t e l l e c t u a l , p h y s i c a l , s e n s o r y , a n dme n t a li l l n e s s .

BySophi aSwe l l s I n t e l l e c t u a ld i s a b i l i t y :a f f e c t i n g1 3 % o ft h e g l o b a lp o p u l a t i o n ,a n dmo r ep r e v a l e n ti nl o wi n c o mec o u n t r i e s ,t h i sd i s a b i l i t yc a nr e s u l ti nl i mi t e dc o mmu n i c a t i o ns k i l l so rl e a r n i n gc a p a b i l i t i e s .

I fs o me o n eh a sa nI Qs c o r eo fb e l o w7 0 ,t h e ya r e t y p i c a l l yv i e we da sh a v i n ga ni n t e l l e c t u a ld i s a b i l i t y ,t h e r e f o r et h e yma ys t r u g g l et op r o c e s si n f o r ma t i o n ,c o mp l e t ed a y t o d a ya c t i v i t i e sa n dc o mmu n i c a t ewi t ho t h e r s .

c o mp a r e dt o2 .

6 6o u to f1 0f o rn o n d i s a b l e d p e o p l e .I n d i v i d u a l swi t hd i s a b i l i t i e sh a b i t u a l l y r e p o r tl o we rl e v e l so f‘ h a p p i n e s s ’a n d‘ l i f e s a t i s f a c t i o n ’t h a nn o n d i s a b l e dp e o p l e .

Th eEq u i t yAc twa si n t r o d u c e di n2 0 1 0wi t ht h e a i m o fs u p p o r t i n gt h o s e wi t hd i s a b i l i t i e sb y p r o t e c t i n gt h e mf r o md i s c r i mi n a t i o n ,a n dt h i si s a p p l i e d t o b o t h t h e wo r k p l a c e a n d e v e r y d a ys o c i e t y .I tc o mb i n e dt h ei n d i v i d u a l l e g i s l a t i o n so ft h eSe xDi s c r i mi n a t i o nAc t1 9 7 5 , t h eRa c eRe l a t i o n sAc t1 9 7 6a n dt h eDi s a b i l i t y Di s c r i mi n a t i o nAc t1 9 9 5t oc r e a t eo n es i n g l e s t r o n g e rAc ta n do u t l i n e st h ei l l i c i twa y so f t r e a t i n gs o me o n e .Th eAc tr e i t e r a t e dt h en e e dt o ‘ e l i mi n a t ed i s c r i mi n a t i o n ;t oa d v a n c ee q u a l i t yo f a n dt of o s t e rg o o dr e l a t i o n s . ’

Ph ys i c a ld i s a b i l i t y :t h i st y p eo fd i s a b i l i t ya f f e c t s t h ep e r s o n ’ smo b i l i t yo rp h y s i c a ls t a mi n ao rd e x t e r i t y ,wh i c hc a nb ee i t h e rt e mp o r a r yo rp e r ma n e n t , a n dt h e yc a nb ei n h e r i t e d , o rc a u s e db ys e r i o u si l l n e s so ri n j u r y .Th et h r e emo s tc o mmo n t y p e so fp h y s i c a ld i s a b i l i t i e s ,a c c o r d i n gt ot h e Ce n t r e sf o rDi s e a s eCo n t r o la n dPr e v e n t i o n ,a r e a r t h r i t i s ,h e a r td i s e a s ea n dr e s p i r a t o r yd i s o r d e r s .

Me n t a lI l l n e s s :t h i sd i s a b i l i t yi n f l u e n c e st h ei n d i v i d u a l ’ se mo t i o n a l b e h a v i o u ra n di n t r u d e st h e i rt h i n k i n g .Ame n t a lh e a l t hc o n d i t i o na d Onet hi ngt odo v a n c e st oas e r i o u sd i s a b i l i t ywh e n i sj oi nas oc i e i t h a sal o n g t e r mi mp a c t o nt y p i c a l d a i l ya c t i v i t y .Me n t a li l l n e s s e sc a n t y .So c i e t i e sa r e i n c l u d ed e me n t i a ,d e p r e s s i o n ,b i a ne xc e l l e nt p o l a rd i s o r d e r ,o b s e s s i v ec o mp u l s i v ed i s o r d e ra n ds c h i z o p h r e n i a .I n wa yt ome e t En g l a n da l o n e ,1i n4p e o p l es u f f e r l i ke mi nde d f r o m ame n t a lh e a l t hp r o b l e ma n n u a l l y ,a n d1i n6p e o p l ee x p e r i pe opl e . e n c eame n t a lh e a l t hi s s u e ,i n c l u d i n g a n x i e t y a n d d e p r e s s i o n , we e k l y .

Se n s o r yd i s a b i l i t y :t h i sc a na f f e c te i t h e ro n eo r mo r eo ft h es e n s e si n c l u d i n gs i g h t , h e a r i n g, t o u c h , s me l l ,t a s t e ,o rs p a t i a la wa r e n e s s .9 5 %o fa l li n f o r ma t i o nc o me sf r o mo u rs i g h ta n do u rh e a r i n g , ma k i n gt h e s es e n s e sp a r a mo u n tt oo u rk n o wl e d g e a b o u tt h ewo r l d ;t h e r e f o r e ,as e n s o r yd i s a b i l i t y c a ng r e a t l ya f f e c ta ni n d i v i d u a l s ’l e a r n i n g .

Pe o p l ewh os u f f e rwi t hd i s a b i l i t i e sr e p o r th i g h e r l e v e l so fa n x i e t y , wi t h 4 .

2 7 o u to f1 0 ,

Th eU. Kg o v e r n me n ti ss t r i v i n gt o e n a c ta n e w Ac t i o n Pl a n t o e n d e a v o u rt oh e l pd i s a b l e dp e o p l e t oa c h i e v et h eb e s tt h e yc a na n d c o n t r i b u t et ot h e i rc o mmu n i t y .

Th e yh o p et h a tb y2 0 2 5t h e r ewi l l b e d i s a b i l i t y e q u a l i t y . To a c c o mp l i s ht h i s ,t h e ya r ewo r k i n g t ob u i l dn e wh o mef o rd i s a b l e d p e o p l et oa c c e s smo r ee a s i l ys o t h e yc a nl i v ei n d e p e n d e n t l y ;p u b l i c t r a n s p o r twi l la l s ob ei mp r o v e df o r mo r ec o n v e n i e n c e ,a s we l la s ma k i n gi te a s i e rf o ri n d i v i d u a l st o p a r t i c i p a t ei ns o c i e t y .

Th e De p a r t me n tf o r Wo r ka n d Pe n s i o n si s mo n i t o r i n gt h i sp l a na n de n s u r i n gi ti sp r o g r e s s i n g we l lb ya s k i n gd i s a b l e dp e o p l et h e i ro p i n i o n sa n d r e c o mme n d a t i o n sf o ri mp r o v e me n t .Th eU. K.wi l l a l s os h a r et h ea i mso ft h i sp l a na n dwo r kwi t ht h e Un i t e d Na t i o n s Co n v e n t i o no nt h e Ri g h t so f Di s a b l e dPe o p l et oc o n t i n u et os t r i v ef o rb e t t e r e q u a l i t y f o r p e o p l e wi t h d i s a b i l i t i e s .

Topwayst obeecocons ci oust hi shol i days eas on

By:J ami eGr eenway

I t ’ st he mos twonder f ult i me of t he year .The ni ght s ar e dar ker ,t he chocol at e hot t er andi t ’ sar oundt het i mewhen Mar i ah Car ey and Mi chael Bubl é come outof hi ber nat i on.However ,i nt hi sj oyous s eas on,wes t i l lhavet o keep an eyeon t heenvi r onment .I know,Iknow,I ’ l lgetof fof my s oapbox;buti n as eas on t hati sof t eni ncr edi bl ywas t ef ul ,wes houl dal lbedoi ngour bi tt or educe t hat was t e as much as pos s i bl e.I tdoes n’ t mean you have t o s t op bul kbuyi ng mi nce pi es or t hatyou have t os t ar tus i ng act uals t ocki ngsasChr i s t mas s t ocki ngs .I tj us tmeanst hat you’ r emor eawar eoft heenvi r onmentt hi sf es t i veper i od.

Andher ear eaf ew wayst odo i t( Sour cedf r om t heWWF) :

1

Pr es entt i ps

Ever yone’ sf avor i t epar taboutChr i s t mas( don’ tact l i kei t ’ snot )canbemades us t ai nabl ewi t hs omeof t hes ehandyt i ps . i t yoft hepr es ent smat t er smuchmor et han Thequal t he quant i t y ast hi sr educest he chancesofa gi f t goi ngt owas t e.I nl i ghtoft hi s :gi f t i nganexper i ence can al s o be i ncr edi bl y envi r onment al l y ef f i ci ent .

Tr i ps away i nt he U. K,Ani mal exper i ences ,zi p l i ni ng,ci nemaandmealvoucher sandmanymor eexper i encebas ed pr es ent snotonl yr educe was t e but al s opr ovi deawor t hwhi l eexper i encef ort her eci pi entandi tcanal s ohel ps uppor ts mal lbus i nes s es .For s omepot ent i alopt i ons ,her e’ sahandyl i nk: ht t ps : / / www. buyagi f t . co. uk/ s us t ai nabl egi f t s Reduci ngt hewr appi ngpaperyouus e,whet hert hat bebyr eus i ngorl ear ni ngt owr apmor ef r ugal l ycan al s o hel p you be mor es us t ai nabl e.Look outf or FSCCer t i f i ed paper i n or der t o ens ur et hatyour paperi sr ecycl abl e.

2

Foodt i ps

Ever yone’ sf avor i t e par taboutChr i s t mas ( don’ tact l i ke i t ’ snot )can be made s us t ai nabl e wi t hs ome of t hes ehandyt i ps .

Whenl ooki ngf orf oodl ookf orf oodgr ownandcul t i vat ed i nt he UK t o hel pr educe yourCr i mbo car bon f oot pr i nt .Al s o,keep an eye outf orRSPOCer t i f i ed pal m oi lf ort hos er oas tpot at oesand MSCCer t i f i ed s eaf oodf oryouruncl et hati ns i s t sonhavi ngapr awn cockt ai lf orhi ss t ar t err at hert hans oupormel on,l i ke t her es toft hef ami l y.

Cut t i ng yourf ood was t ei sal s oi ncr edi bl yi mpor t ant dur i ngt hehol i days eas onast hi si sof t enat i meofgr eat cons umpt i on.Pl anaheadwi t hyourf ood,onl ypi cki ng up whatyou know you’ l lbeabl et o eatf ordef i ni t e.

However ,i ts houl dbes ai d,s omet i mesl ef t over sar eunavoi dabl e.I nt hi scas e,s t or i ngt hem i necof r i endl yal t er nat i vess uchasTupper war eorf oi l .I fyouhaveany l ef t overt i nsorunopenedf oodt hatyouknow youwon’ t beabl et oeat ,t hendonat i ngi tt oaf oodbanki sal ways anopt i on,j us tcheckwhatyourl ocalf oodbankaccept s bef or eat t empt i ngt odonat e.

3

Decor at i ons

Ever yone’ sf avor i t epar taboutChr i s t mas( don’ tactl i ke i t ’ s not )can be made s us t ai nabl e wi t hs ome oft hes e handyt i ps . i ngl i ght sf oryourt r ee,LEDsus el es sener gy Whenchoos t hans t andar dl i ght s ,s oai mt ous et hes e.Al s o,r emember t os wi t chof fyourl i ght satni ght .Thi scannotonl ycut el ect r i ci t ycos t sbuti sal s os af erasi twi l ls t opt hem f r om over heat i ngandcaus i ngyourt r eet ocat chal i ght .

Chr i s t mascr acker sar eal s oi ncr edi bl yuns us t ai nabl eas t het oysi ns i deandt hecr ackeri t s el fi sof t ennotr ecycl abl e.Onceagai n,l ookoutf orFSCcer t i f i edopt i onsorr ecycl abl ecr acker st ohel pt os t ays us t ai nabl e.Thes ame goesf ornapki nsort abl ecl ot hs ,howeverr eus abl e and was habl eopt i onsar ebet t eri nt hi scas e.

4

Spendi ngt i mewi t hf ami l y

Ever yone’ s f avor i t e par t about Chr i s t mas ( don’ tactl i kei t ’ snot )canbemades us t ai nabl e wi t hs omeoft hes ehandyt i ps .

Wi nt er t i mei sagr eatt i met oheadoutandexpl or et hecount r ys i dear oundyou.Headoutt oa nat ur er es er veorl ocalwoodl andt or eal l yi mmer s eyour s el fi nt hehol i days eas on.Thes ear e i nexpens i ve and enr i chi ng act i vi t i est hatcan hel p you geti nt ouch wi t h youradvent ur ous s i deagai n.

I nt er msofdr es s i ngupt oo,t r ywear i ngs t uf f t hatyoual r eadyownf i r s tbef or ebr anchi ngout t obuyi nganot herneckt i et hatpl ayst hecar ol oft hebel l s .I fyou’ r egoi ng t o gets omenew Chr i s t masat t i r eorar ei n di r eneed ofanew Chr i s t masj umper ,as kar oundyourf ami l yand f r i ends f i r s tort ake a l ook i n char i t ys hops bef or ecommi t t i ngt obuyi ngoneonl i ne.I tmay t akemor eef f or tbuti t ’ sbot hmor eenvi r onment al l yf r i endl yands uppor t st hos ecl os et oyouas . wel laschar i t i esatani mpor t antt i meofyear

Sc i ent i s t st ha t Cha ngedt heWor l d

h t t p s : / / www. me t e o r o l o g i a e n r e d . c o m/ c o l l a b o r a t i o nwi t hRo g e rPe n r o s e( No be lLa u r e a t e i nPh y s i c s )o ng r a v i t a t i o n a ls i n g u l a r i t yt h e o r e ms i nt h ef r a me wo r ko fg e n e r a lr e l a t i v i t ya n dt h et h e o r e t i c a lp r e d i c t i o nt h a tb l a c kh o l e se mi tr a d i a t i o n , o f t e nc a l l e dHa wk i n gr a d i a t i o n .

St ephenHa wki ng ( 1942–2018)

Ha wk i n gwa st h ef i r s tt os e to u tat h e o r yo fc o s mo l o g ye x p l a i n e db yau n i o no ft h eg e n e r a l t h e o r yo fr e l a t i v i t ya n dq u a n t u mme c h a n i c s .

He wa sav i g o r o u ss u p p o r t e ro ft h ema n y wo r l d si n t e r p r e t a t i o no fq u a n t u mme c h a n i c s .

I na d d i t i o nt ot h a th ep u b l i s h e ds e v e r a lwo r k si n t h e meo fp o p u l a rs c i e n c ei nwh i c hh ed i s c u s s e d h i st h e o r i e sa n dc o s mo l o g yi ng e n e r a lf o re x a mp l e , h i sb o o kABr i e fHi s t o r yo fTi mea p p e a r e do n t h eSu n d a yTi me sb e s t s e l l e rl i s tf o rar e c o r d b r e a k i n g2 3 7we e k s .

Hewa saFe l l o wo ft h eRo y a lSo c i e t y , al i f e t i me me mb e ro ft h ePo n t i f i c a l Ac a d e myo fSc i e n c e s a n dar e c i p i e n to ft h ePr e s i d e n t i a lMe d a lo fFr e e d o m, t h eh i g h e s tc i v i l i a na wa r di nt h eUn i t e d St a t e so fAme r i c a .

Leona r dodaVi nc i ( 1452–1519)

www. h i s t o r y . c o m

Thoma sEdi s on( 1847–1931) Th o ma sAl v aEd i s o nwa sb o r no n1 1 t ho fFe b r u a r y 1 8 4 7i nMi l a n , Oh i o , Un i t e dSt a t e so fAme r i c a .

He wa sa nAme r i c a ni n v e n t o ra n db u s i n e s s ma nwh oh a s b e e nd e s c r i b e da sAme r i c a ’ sg r e a t e s ti n v e n t o r .

As s t a t e db yt h eRo s s e n( 2 0 1 6 )Ed i s o nwa sa l mo s te n t i r e l yd e a fi nb o t he a r sd u et oab o u to fs c a r l e tf e v e r d u r i n gh i sy o u n ga g e s .

Du et oh i sp o s i t i v eo u t l o o kf o rl i f eh eb e l i e v e dt h a t h i smo s t l ys i l e n te x i s t e n c ewa sap o s i t i v e :h ec o u l d b e c o med e e p l ya b s o r b e di nh i swo r kwi t h o u td i s t r a c t i o n .

Hi si n v e n t i o n sa n di d e a swe r ea n da r eb e i n g u s e di ne l e c t r i cp o we rg e n e r a t i o n , ma s sc o mmu n i c a t i o n , s o u n dr e c o r d i n g , a n dmo t i o np i c t u r e s .

Ane x a mp l ei so n eo ft h ee a r l i e s tv e r s i o n so fe l e c t r i cl i g h t b u l b .

www. b i p g r a p h y . c o m

Le o n a r d od is e rPi e r od aVi n c iwa sb o r no n1 5 t ho f Ap r i l1 4 5 2i nVi n c i , Re p u b l i co fFl o r e n c e .

Hewa s a nI t a l i a np o l y ma t h( ap e r s o nwh o s ek n o wl e d g e s p a n sas u b s t a n t i a ln u mb e ro fs u b j e c t s )wh i c hwa s a c t i v ea sap a i n t e r , d r a u g h t s ma n , e n g i n e e r , s c i e n t i s t , t h e o r i s t , s c u l p t o ra n da r c h i t e c t .

Ac c o r d i n gt oRo s s e n ( 2 0 1 6 )h i ss k e t c h e so fv a r i o u si d e a sh i n tt h a th ewa s ad y s l e x i c :mu c ho fh i sh a n d wr i t i n gwa sc o mp o s e d i nr e v e r s e .

Ne v e r t h e l e s s , h i sc o l l e c t i v ewo r k sc o mp o s eac o n t r i b u t i o nt ol a t e rg e n e r a t i o no fa r t i s t sa n dh ee p i t o mi z e dt h eRe n a i s s a n c eh u ma n i s ti d e a l .

Hei sc o u n t e d a so n eo ft h eg r e a t e s tp a i n t e r si nt h eh i s t o r yo fa r t a n di so f t e nc r e d i t e da st h ef o u n d e ro ft h eHi g hRe n a i s s a n c e .

Du r i n gh i sl i f e t i me , Le o n a r d owa sa l s o v a l u e da sa ne n g i n e e r .Hes t u d i e da n dd e s i g n e d ma n yma c h i n e sa n dd e v i c e sl i k ea na e r i a ls c r e w wh i c ha c t sa so n eo ft h ef i r s ts u g g e s t i v eo fah e l i c o p t e r .

Hec r e a t e ds o meo ft h emo s ti n f l u e n t i a lp a i n t i n g si n We s t e r na r tl i k eMo n aLi s aa n dTh eLa s tSu p p e r .

enedenEngel s man

The Cul t uralTurn ofDi sabi l i t y

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nl i ghtofUK Di s abi l i t yHi s t or yMont h,

whi chr unsf r om 18t hNovembert o18t hDecember ,t hi spi ecewi l lpr ovi dei nf or mat i ononahi s t or i cal l ymar gi nal i s eds ect i onofcul t ur e:di s abi l i t ycul t ur e.Thi sconceptofdi s abi l i t ycul t ur ewas devel opedi nt he1980sandi sus edt odes cr i bet he di f f er encesi nl i f es t yl est hatdi s abi l i t i escaus eor pr omot e.Thes ecul t ur escanmani f es tt hems el ves i n ar t s movement s ,dance,poet r y,and per f or mancepi ecest onameaf ew,wi t ht heover ar chi ng t hemebei ngcommuni t y.Thi ss t i l lr emai nsar el at i vel y under expl or ed and mar gi nal i s ed cul t ur e, buti t si mpor t ancehasneverbeengr eat er .

I ti si mpor t antt or emembert hatdi s abi l i t ycul t ur e cannotbepi nned down t o as peci f i cdef i ni t i on, l i kemos tcul t ur esi t sf l ui dnat ur emeansi tal l udes f i xeddes cr i pt i onsorl anguages .Thet hemesment i oned above ( ar tand communi t y)ar e bl ended and made compl ex vi at he r epur pos i ng and r epr es ent at i on oft hei rmeani ngs .Thi si sakey t hemeofdi s abi l i t y cul t ur e;s eeki ng t or edef i ne t hewor d‘ di s abl ed’i t s el f .Thr ought heef f or t sof di s abl edpeopl epar t i ci pat i ngi nt hi scul t ur e,t he wor d‘ di s abl ed’r epr es ent sas oci ali dent i t yt hat ’ s r oot ed i n empower ment .Thi si sadr amat i ccul t ur als hi f tf r om t het r adi t i onaldef i ni t i onr oot ed i ncapi t al i s ti deal sofabodyunabl et opar t i ci pat e i npr oduct i on( unabl et ogot owor k) .Car olGi l l , anacademi cs t udyi ngdi s abi l i t ycul t ur e,s ayst hat i t scor eval uesar e" anaccept anceofhumandi f f er ences ,an accept ance ofhuman vul ner abi l i t y andi nt er dependence,at ol er ancef oral ackofr es ol ut i onoft heunpr edi ct abl ei nl i f e,andahumour t ol augh att heoppr es s orors i t uat i on,however di r ei tmaybe" .Shegoesont os ay" Theel ement s ofourcul t ur ei ncl ude,cer t ai nl y,ourl ongs t andi ng s oci aloppr es s i on,butal s oouremer gi ngar tand humour ,ourpi eci ngt oget herofourhi s t or y,our evol vi ng l anguageand s ymbol s ,ourr emar kabl y uni f i ed wor l d vi ew,bel i ef sand val ues ,and our s t r at egi esf ors ur vi vi ngandt hr i vi ng”.Gi l lmakes i tcl eart hatt hecul t ur alt ur n ofdi s abi l i t i eshas mar kedanew waveofaccept anceandi ncl us i on, s omet hi ng t hat academi c St even Br own al s o s peakson;“[ di s abl edpeopl ear e]agr oupt hathas l ong been des cr i bed wi t ht er ms l i ke ' i nval i d' , ' i mpai r ed' ,' l i mi t ed' ,' cr i ppl ed' , and s of or t h.

Schol ar swoul dbehar dpr es s edt odi s covert er ms ofhope,endear mentorabi l i t y as s oci at ed wi t h peopl ewi t hdi s abi l i t i es ”.

Looki ngatones peci f i cexampl e;t hegr oup5D i s acol l ect i vet hatal l owspeopl ewi t hdi s abi l i t i es , vi s i bl e ori nvi s i bl e,t o par t ake i nt he cul t ur al s ect or ,whet hert hatbebehi ndt hes cenesorasan act i vemember .Thegr ouphavepr oducedmul t i pl e pl ays t hat f eat ur e di s abl ed act or s al ongs i de nondi s abl ed act or sand have devel oped ar ti ns t al l at i onst hati nvol vet heat r i calencount er swi t h t hepubl i c.They haveas hor tf i l m onYouTube cal l edSEMTEX i nwhi chact orEr i cexpl or esl i f e wi t ht hi scer ebr alpal s y and t hel onel i nes st hat cancomewi t hl i vi ngwi t hi t .5D al s oadvi s escul t ur alf es t i val sonhow t omaket hei rs pacesacces s i bl ef ordi s abl edpeopl e.Thi si st heper f ecten caps ul at i on ofdi s abi l i t y cul t ur e asi tcombi nes ar tandper f or mancepi ecest ocr eat eacommuni t y ofi ncl us i on and gi vesoppor t uni t i est o di s abl ed peopl et hatt heymi ghtot her wi s es t r uggl et oget , s uchast hechancet oactandcr eat ear t .I tal s o al l ows nondi s abl ed peopl et o chal l enge t hei r per cept i ons and mi s concept i ons of di s abl ed peopl e,es peci al l yi nt hear t sandcul t ur als ect or , whi chi ss omet hi ngt hatneedscont i nualwor ki n or dert onar r ow t hemar gi nal i s at i onbet weendi s abi l i t y cul t ur eand mai ns t r eam /popul arcul t ur e.

Bel ow ar es omephot osoft hegr oup.

Di s abi l i t y cul t ur es houl d bevi ewed asamovement ,r at hert hanaf i xedi dea,asi tcont i nuest o change t he per cept i ons ofdi s abl ed peopl e and br i ngt hei rwor ki nt ot hemai ns t r eam.Fr om Di s abi l i t y Hi s t or y Mont h and beyond,t hi si ss omet hi ngt hatdi s abl edpeopl ewi l lcont i nuet of i ght f ori nor dert omakes ens eofandf i ndpur pos ei n whatcanbeaver yal i enat i ngwor l d.

ByRebeccaRobi ns on

Ment a lHea l t hTi ps Ce l e br at i ngt hemont hofdi s abi l i t yawar e ne s s ,Ibr i ngas e r i e soft i pst hatc anhe l pi mpr ov e y ourme nt alhe al t hdaybyday .Wear eawar et hatt heuni v e r s i t ys t agec anbev e r y c hal l e ngi ng.St r e s s ,c ons t ants t r onge mot i ons ,andadapt at i ont ot hi sne wpl ac ec ant ur nt he e x pe r i e nc ei nt oar e alni ght mar e .Me nt alhe al t hi s s ue ss uc hasde pr e s s i on,anx i e t y ,ande at i ng di s or de r sc anof t e nappe ari nt he s es t r e s s f uls i t uat i ons .I ti sc r uc i alt oi de nt i f yt he mf r om t he be gi nni ngs ot hatt he yc anbes t oppe d.

Youmayhav ee x pe r i e nc e dani s s uel i ket hi sornot ,butt het r ut hi st hatme nt alhe al t hi s s ue s c anaffe c te v e r y oneats omepoi nti nt he i rl i f e .I nt hi sar t i c l e ,wepr opos es omet i psandi de as s ot haty ouc anfightagai ns tt he m andav oi dt he m!

1 .

Spe a k !I tc a n n o tb eh e a l t h yt o a c c u mu l a t ee v e r y t h i n gt h a th u r t s i no u rmi n d .

So o n e ro rl a t e r , we h a v et ol e tg oo fi t .

Ta l k i n g a b o u ti twi t has p e c i a l i s to re v e n wi t ht h ep e o p l ey o ut r u s tt h e mo s tc a nh e l py o u . e n dt ot h i n kt h a tt a l k i n g Wet a b o u to u rp r o b l e msi so n l y g o i n gt oma k ep e o p l el a u g ha t u s , b u ti ti sn o tl i k et h a t .

I ma g i n eh o wma n yp e o p l ea r e g o i n gt h r o u g ho rh a v eg o n e t h r o u g ht h es a met h i n ga sy o u .

Whoi sg o i n gt og i v ey o ub e t t e r a d v i c et h a ns o me o n ewh oh a s b e e nt h r o u g ht h es a met h i n g ?

2 .

Dos p o r t .

Sp o r th e l p sr e l e a s e e n d o r p h i n s , h o r mo n e st h a th e l p u sf e e lg o o da n de v e ne x p e r i e n c ee u p h o r i a .

I na d d i t i o n, d o i n gs p o r t swi l l ma k eu sf e e lg o o da b o u to u r s e l v e s .

Th eb o d ya n dt h emi n d a r ec o n n e c t e d , s oi fwewa n tt o b ec o mf o r t a b l ewi t ho u r s e l v e s , weh a v et owo r ko nt h e ma tt h e s a met i me .

3 .

Ma i n t a i nag o o ds l e e pr o u t i n e .

Re s ti sv i t a lt oo u rwe l l b e i n g .

No ts l e e p i n gc a nc a u s eo u r s t r e s sl e v e l st os k y r o c k e ta n d l e a dt oa n x i e t ya n dd e p r e s s i o n .

Weu s u a l l yt h i n kt h a tt h eb e s t wa yt oma k et h et i meweh a v e wo r t h wh i l ei sn o tt os l e e p .

Bu t wea r ewr o n g .

Byn o ts l e e p i n g , wea r en o tl e t t i n go u rb r a i nr e s t , s owewi l lb emu c hl e s sp r o d u c t i v e .

4 .

Ea th e a l t h i l y !Li k es l e e p i n g a n de x e r c i s i n g , e a t i n gh e a l t h yi s v e r yb e n e f i c i a lf o ro u rb o d ya n d o u rmi n d .

Ea t i n gah e a l t h ya n d b a l a n c e dd i e twi l lma k eu sf e e l mu c hb e t t e ra b o u to u r s e l v e s .

Wi t ht h i s , Id on o tme a nt h a t , f r o mt i met ot i me , wec a n n o t s p o i lo u r s e l v e swi t hj u n kf o o d .

Do i n gi to n c eawe e kc a nb ea g o o dwa yt ot a k ec a r eo fo u r s e l v e s !

5 .

Se ta s i d et i met od ot h et h i n g s y o ue n j o y .

I tc a nb et r i c k y , b u t t h et h i n g sy o ul i k es h o u l db ea p r i o r i t ya st h e yb r i n gy o ue mo t i o n a ls t a b i l i t ya n dj o y .

Go i n gt o r e a do nt h eb e a c ho rwa l k i n gt h e d o gi sn o twa s t i n gy o u rt i me .

I t i sg a i n i n gp e a c eo fmi n d .

Re me mb e rt h a ty o ug of i r s t , a n d t h ec o mmi t me n t sg oa f t e ry o u r we l l b e i n g .

6 .

La s t l y , t h i n ko fa l lt h en i c e t h i n g sy o uh a v e .

So me t i me s , we a r et o ob l i n dt os e et h a twh a t s u r r o u n d su si sn o ta sb a da si t s e e ms .

Wh a t ' st h ewo r s tt h a t c o u l dh a p p e n ?Do e s n ' ti th a v ea s o l u t i o n ?

An o t h e rwa yt od ot h i si st o wr i t ed o wnwh a two r r i e su si na n o t e b o o ka n da n a l yz ei tl a t e rt o s e ei fi ti sa sb a da si ts e e ms .

Ma k i n gal i s te a c hd a yo ft h r e e t h i n g st h a ty o ua p p r e c i a t e , t h r e e t h i n g st h a ty o ud owe l l , a n d t h r e et h i n g st h a ty o uh a v e l e a r n e dc a na l s ob ev e r yb e n e f i c i a l .

Ih o p ey o ul i k e di ta n dt h a ty o u p u ti ti n t op r a c t i c es o o n .

Re me mb e rt h a ti fy o un e e dt ot a l k a b o u ts o me t h i n g , t h i st e a mi s wi l l i n gt ol i s t e nt oy o u !

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The r ewe r e38a r r e s t s f ore v e r y1, 000Bl a c kCa r i bbe a npe opl e( t hehi ghe s toutof a l le t hni cgr oups ) ,c ompa r e d wi t h10a r r e s t sf ore v e r y1, 000 Whi t eBr i t i s hpe opl e .( Engl a nda ndWa l e s ,2017/ 18 Gov .

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I l l u s t r a t i n gh o wt h e r ei san e e dt o s l o wl ye x p l o r ea n dc h a n g et h e me a n i n go ft h ewo r d" j e we l l e r y " i nmo s tp e o p l e ' smi n d s ,YVMI N i sc o mmi t t e dt oe x p l o r i n g“ ma r g i n a l i z e da c c e s s o r i e s ”t h a ta l l o w mo r ep o s s i b i l i t i e sf o rb o d yj e we l l e r y .

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me d i u mo fp r o s t h e t i c st oc r e a t eh i gh l ys t y l i s e d we a r a b l ea r tp i e c e s .

Ba r a t ac o l l a b o r a t e swi t hs p e c i a l i s t si n f i e l d ss u c ha s3 Dmo d e l l i n g , e l e c t r o n i c s , a n dc u t t i n g e d g e t e c h n o l o g y , a n dwo r k si nc o n j u n c t i o nwi t hi n h o u s ep r o s t h e t i s tCh r i sPa r s o n sa tDe s i g n o s t he t i c s .

I na ni n t e r v i e wf o rVo g u e ,t h e Pr d e s i g nd u oc l a r i f i e dt h a tt h ep r o s Th e r e ’ ss p a c ef o rmo r ed e t h e t i cs h e l l sa r en o tc u r r e n t l yf o r “ i g n d r i v e np r o s t h e t i c st oe n t e r s a l e -t h e ys t a t e dt h a tt h e s ep i e c e s s h ei n d u s t r y .

Th i s c o l l a b o r a we r ec r e a t e d s p e c i f i c a l l y f o r t i o nh a si n s p i r e dmemo r e :I Ya n g .

Al t h o u g h , d u et ot h i se x p e - t n tt od e s i g np r o s t h e t i c s , ”s a y s r i e n c e ,t h ec r e a t i v et r i os a wt h a t wa n g .

Asf o rYVMI N, t h e yh o p e t h e r ewa si nf a c tad e ma n df o r Ya oi n s p i r eo t h e rl a b e l st oe x p e r i mo r ed e s i g n d r i v e np r o s t h e t i c s . t n twi t ht h ei d e aa swe l l .

Th ed e s i g n e r se x p l a i n e d :“ I f me Th e r ea r et o of e wp r o s t h e t i c t h e r ei sa na p p r o p r i a t eo p p o r t u n i - “ t y l e sa v a i l a b l en o w, ”s a y s t y ,wewi l lp a r t n e rwi t hp r o f e s - s a n g . “ We[ h o p et h i sp r o j e c t ] s i o n a lme d i c a li n s t i t u t i o n sf o r Zh e t smo r ep e o p l ep a ya t t e n t i o nt o ma s sp r o d u c t i o na n do f f e ro u rd e l h ed e c o r a t i o n st h a tc a nb eu s e d s i g n st ol a u n c hmo r ef a s h i o n a b l e t f o rp r o s t h e t i c s .

Pr o s t h e t i cwe a r p r o s t h e s e s . ” e r sc a nh a v et h e i rf a v o u r i t ea c e s s o r i e swi t h o u tr e p l a c i n ge x Th e yh o p et h a to t h e rb r a n d swi l l c e n s i v ep r o s t h e t i c s .

Weh o p e b ei n s p i r e dt oe x p e r i me n twi t h p h a to u rd e s i g na n dc r e a t i o nc a n t h es a mei d e aa swe l l ,c o mp l i - t i v ep e o p l emo r ec h o i c e s , n o me n t i n gp r e v i o u swo r kb ya r t i s t s g t t e rwh i c hg r o u pt h e yb e l o n g s u c ha sSo p h i ed eOl i v e i r aBa r a t a ma o —t h i si so u rmo t i v a t i o nf o rt h e wh of o u n d e d‘ Th eAl t e r n a t i v e t u t u r e . ” Li mb Pr o j e c t ’ .Wh e r es h ea l s o f

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On c ey o u ’ v ef o u n ds o me t h i n gt o u s et h e nc u to u ta sma n yc i r c l e s f r o mt h ep a s t r ya sy o uc a n .Pa u l Ho l l y wo o d r e c k o n s t h i s wi l l b ea b o u ts i x t e e n .

On c ey o u ’ v ed o n et h i s ,p l a c et h e p a s t r yc i r c l e si n t oy o u rmu f f i nt r a y ( wh i c hf i n g e r sc r o s s e di sa ni t e m t h a ty o u rf a mi l yo wn s ) .

Th e np l a c e o n ea n dah a l ft a b l e s p o o n so ft h e mi n c e me a ti n t oe a c ho ft h ep a s t r y c i r c l e s .

Onc et h i si sd o n e , t a k ey o u r e g g ,c r a c ki t ,a n db e a ti ts l i g h t l y .

Th e nb r u s ht h eb e a t e ne g go v e rt h e p i e si nt h emu f f i nt r a y .

Aswea p p r o a c hCh r i s t ma s ,i tc a n b e c o meas t r u g g l ei nk n o wi n gwh a t p r e s e n t st og e tf o ro u rf r i e n d sa n d f a mi l i e s .

I fwe ’ r eb e i n gr e a l i s t i c , a s s t u d e n t s ,mo s to fu sa r eal i t t l e s t r a p p e d f o r c a s h . Th e r e f o r e , b u y i n gp r e s e n t sc a nb e c o mer e a l l y e x p e n s i v ea n de v e nt a k eu st o of a r i n t ot h ed r e a d e do v e r d r a f t s .Th e q u e s t i o ni sh o wd oweg e ta r o u n d t h i se x p e n s ei s s u e ?Myi n i t i a ls o l u t i o nwa sh a n d ma d eg i f t s ,b u tt h a t c a nb et i mec o n s u mi n g ,e s p e c i a l l y wh e n we ’ r et r y i n gt os t u d yf o r e x a msi nJ a n u a r y .

Th e r e f o r e , a f t e ra l i t t l er e s e a r c h ,I ’ v ec o meu pwi t h s o mep r e s e n ti d e a st h a td o n ’ tb r e a k t h eb a n ko rt a k eu pt o omu c ht i me .

No w,g ob a c kt ot h eo r i g i n a lp a s t r y a n dc u to u ts o mes ma l l e rc i r c l e s t h a tc a nb eu s e da sl i d sf o rt h e mi n c ep i e s .

Th ep e n u l t i ma t es t e pi s t op l a c et h e s ec i r c l e so nt o po ft h e p i e sa n dc u tas ma l ll i n ei n t ot h e p i e s .Th e np u tt h emi n c ep i e si n t o t h eo v e na n dc o o kt h e mf o ra r o u n d f i f t e e nt ot we n t ymi n u t e s .

Th e no n c ec o o k e d ,l e a v et oc o o l b e f o r ef i n d i n gs o me t h i n gt op r e s e n t y o u rmi n c ep i e si n ,s u c ha sad e c o r a t i v eb o xa n dme r r yCh r i s t ma s !

Ho p e f u l l y ,t h i sr e c i p ema d es e n s e b u t i fn o t , t h e nh e r e ’ st h er e c i p et h a t Il o o k e da tf o rt i p so nwh a tt od o .

Mi n c ep i e sr e c i p e |BBC Go o d Fo od .

Ad mi t t e d l y , t h i sr e c i p eb a k e s e v e r y t h i n gf r o ms c r a t c hb u twe ’ r e l o o k i n gf o rg i f t st oma k et h a td o n ’ t t a k eu pal o to ft i me ,s oj a r sa n d p a c k e t si ti s .

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Asac o n t i n u a t i o no ft h eBl a c k Hi s t o r yMo n t hi n t e r v i e w wi t h Mi c h e l l eCa mp b e l l ,t h eg r a n d d a u g h t e ro ft r a i l b l a z i n g ,Bl a c k a c t i v i s tBe t t yCa mp b e l l , t h i sa r t i c l ei saf o l l o wu pi nt h es e r i e s .

Fr o mt h eCa mp b e l lf a mi l yt o t h ec u l t u r ea n dc o mmu n i t i e so f Ca r d i f f ,Mi c h e l l eg a v eh e rp e r s p e c t i v eo nt h ec i t ya n dt h ec e l e b r a t i o n o f i t s c i t i z e n s .

Ther e s toft heUK s houl d t akei ns pi r at i onf r om Car di ff,i nt e r msofhowi nc l us i v eanddi v e r s ei ti s .Do y ouagr e e ?

Ye a h , Ia g r e e , Id e f i n i t e l ya g r e e .

An di t ’ sj u s ts oy o uk n o w,s o we l c o mi n g , a n dIt h i n ks o meo f i ti st h a ty o uk i n do fa l mo s t d o n ' tk n o wh o wi g n o r a n tt h e r e s to ft h ewo r l dc a nb e .Id o n ' t me a nt h a ti nar e a l l yh o r r i b l e wa y .Iu n d e r s t a n d ,o n ee x a mp l e .Ir e me mb e rIwa si nac o n f e r e n c e ,a n di t wa sb e f o r e COVI Dd u r i n g Ra ma d a na n d myma n a g e rwa st h e r e .

An dh e s p o k et oo n eo ft h eg u y so nmy t e a m wh ob a s i c a l l ys a i d ,“ t h e y wo n ' tc o met ot h ee v e n i n gp a r t o ft h ec o n f e r e n c e ,b e c a u s et h e y wi l lh a v et og oa n db r e a kt h e i r f a s twi t ht h e i rf a mi l y .An dmy b o s swa sr e a l l ya s t o n i s h e dt h a t h e ' sn o t a l l o we dt oe a t a n y t h i n g , h e ' sn o ta l l o we dt oe v e nd r i n k a n y t h i n g ,f o rt h e wh o l ed a y .

An dt h e n , Sa n d h i , wh of r o mh i s f a mi l y ' sn a me ,a n dIs u p p o s e h o wi tl o o k s ,y o uc a nk i n do f i n f e rt h a t ,t h a th e ' sI n d i a n ,a n d i nt h a tc on v e r s a t i o nh ea n dh e s a i d ,“ Ic a n ' tma k et o d a y . ”An d myb o s swa sl i k e ,“ Oh ,a r ey o u f a s t i n ga swe l l ? ”An dSa n d h i wa sl i k e ,“ No ,n o ,n o .I ' v eg o t s o me t h i n gt od ot o n i g h t . ”An d y o uk n o w,t o me ,f r o m h i s n a me ,a n dy o uk n o w,e v e nh o w h el o o k e d ,h e wa sc l e a r l y I n d i a n .An dh e wa s n ’ ti na t u r b a no ra n y t h i n gl i k et h a t , s oI i n f e r r e dt h a th ewa smo r et h a n l i k e l yt ob eHi n d i .

Bu ti twa sj u s tt h a ti d e at h a t t h e r ea r ep e o p l eo u tt h e r et h a t c o u l d n ' tr e a d i l yk i n do ft e l l e v e nf r o ms u r n a me s ,o rt h ed i f f e r e n tr e l i g i o n s , o rk i n do fe v e n a r e a st h a tp e o p l ea r ef r o m.

An d It h i n ki t ' sal u x u r yt h a ti nCa r d i f f ,wek i n do fh a v e .Bu ta c t u a l l y , t h e r e ' sq u i t eal o to fp e o p l e wh oa r es h i e l d e df r o mt h a t ,i f y o u ' r ef r o mac o mmu n i t yt h a t i s mo s t l ywh i t ea n dd o e s n ' th a v e t h eo p p o r t u n i t yt oe x p e r i e n c e o t h e rc u l t u r e s ,y o uc a nf e e l t a u g h ti ns c h o o l ,b u ty o ul e a r n s omu c hf r o mt h a tl i v e de x p e r i e n c e .It h i n ki t ' sq u i t ek e y .

Fr om whe nI ' v ebe e ni n s c hool( be f or et heageof s e v e nt e e n) ,wene v e rgot t aughtany t hi ngabout Bl ac khi s t or yands l av e nar r at i v e s .I t ' sonl yunt i lI gott oUni v e r s i t y ,whe r e I ' v el e ar ne daboutany t hi ngl i ket hat .I n2022, Wal e sar ei nt r oduc i ng mor et opi c sondi v e r s i t y andr ac i s mi nt hec ur r i c ul um.

Whatwasont he We l s hc ur r i c ul um t hat Be t t yt aughthe rs t ude nt s ore v e ny ouaboutBl ac k hi s t or yandc ul t ur e ?

We h a dt h i n g sl i k e Ma r t i n Lu t h e rKi n gDa ywh i c hwec e l e b r a t e d .Sh e[ Be t t y ]d i dt a l k a b o u tk i n do ft h i sl a t ec u l t u r e a n dIt h i n kt h e r e ' st h i si d e at h a t , e s p e c i a l l ywh e nl o t so fWe s t I n d i a n sk i n do fc a meo v e ri n t o Br i t a i n ,t h a tal o twe r eb r o u g h t o v e ro nt h es l a v es h i p s ,a n d t h e r ea r ep e o p l e ' sp e r c e p t i o n t h a tp e o p l ec a meh e r et of r e e l o a d .Bu tb l a c kp e o p l eh a v e b e e nh e r ef o ra l o n gt i me .

I n d i a np e o p l eh a v eb e e nh e r e f o ral o n gt i me ,al o n gt i me .

Yo uk n o w, wewe r et a u g h t q u i t e al o tg o i n gi n t os e n i o rs c h o o l j u s ta b o u tt h eBr i t i s hc o l o n i e s i nt h ev a r i o u sd i f f e r e n tc o u n t r i e s ,b u twh a twewe r e n ' tt o l d , wa sa b o u tt h ed i v e r s i t yo ft h e c u l t u r ea n da l lo ft h a tk i n do f

s t u f fg o i n go n .

An dt h ei d e at h a t t h e r ewe r eb l a c kp e o p l ef i g h t i n gf o rBr i t a i nf o rt h eUS. An d o nt h ef r o n tl i n e st h e r ewe r e s i c kp e o p l ef i g h t i n g ,a n dy o u k i n do fa l mo s th a v et h i s ,s o me t i me s ,It h i n kwh i t ep e o p l ec a n h a v et h i sp e r c e p t i o nt h a tt h e wa rwa swo nb ywh i t ep e o p l e f o rwh i t ep e o p l e .

Ik n o w, i t ' sn o t a ss i mp l i s t i ca st h a t .

Bu ta c t u a l l y ,t h e r ewe r el o t so fd i f f e r e n t c o u n t r i e sa n dl o t so fd i f f e r e n t c u l t u r e st h a tp l a y e dt h e i rp a r ti n t h a t .An dIt h i n kt h ei d e at h a t p e o p l ec a nk i n do fa l mo s tf i n d t h e ms e l ve si nab i to fap o s i t i v e l i g h ti sn e e d e d .Wh e n we ' r e l e a r n i n ga b o u ts t u f fi ns c h o o li t i sr e a l l yi mp o r t a n tb e c a u s eI t h i n ki t ' sr e a l l yh a r dt ok i n do f b ep a r to fap a r to fac o u n t r y wh e r ei td o e s n ' tf e e ll i k ey o u r c u l t u r e ,o ry o u rh e r i t a g ei s n ’ t b e i n gr e c o g n i s e d .

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