University of Oulu year 2010 by Pasi Terästi

UNIVERSITY OF OULU YEAR 2010

2010

UNIVERSITY OF OULU YEAR 2010

Faculties Fields of Study Faculty of Humanities ...................................... Humanities Faculty of Education ......................................... Education Faculty of Science ............................................. Science Faculty of Medicine .......................................... Medicine Dentistry Health Sciences Faculty of Economics and Business Administration ................................. Economics and Business Faculty of Technology ...................................... Technology

Total students First year students

15880 1827

Total degrees awarded Bachelor’s degrees Master’s degrees Doctoral degrees Other degrees

2738 1063 1452 141 82

Total staff (person-years) Professors

2868 229

Total university funding (M€) Core funding Supplementary funding Compensation by home municipality to other service provider Other general subsidies

226,4 139 71,6

Total publications Scientific publications

3041 2451

A multidisciplinary community of researchers and teachers, the University of Oulu aims at promoting new knowledge, culture and wellbeing. Research conducted in the university’s focus and development areas centers around humans, environment and technology, and their complex interactions. New scientific discoveries and future knowledge hinges on developing and nurturing collaborative partnerships both within and without the university community. Multidisciplinary research and educational environments enable creative interaction between different disciplines and the international scientific community. Owing to its active engagement with communities and economic life and its network of research institutes, the University of Oulu is in an excellent position to overcome the challenges posed by the knowledge requirements of society and working life. In doing so, the university also provides a competitive edge to those within its sphere of influence.

4.9 11

HANS SÖDERLUND CHAIRMAN OF THE UNIVERSITY BOARD

CHAIRMAN’S OVERVIEW By signing the Universities Act in July 2009, the President of Finland set in motion a rapid and significant reform process at Finnish universities. While preparing for the implementation of the reform, the University of Oulu and Ministry of Education and Culture came to an agreement over the university’s future role. In short, the University of Oulu will continue to be a multidisciplinary university with a competitive edge in the international arena. This clear vision has served as the lodestar by which the University Board has conducted its work. It was for a reason that the old Universities Act was replaced. Globally speaking, science, education and technology policies are in a dynamic state of change. Furthermore, meaningful scientific exploration is increasingly dependent on interdisciplinary cooperation. As research groups grow in size, the necessary infrastructures become more difficult to implement and maintain, resulting in high expenditure. At the same time, societal challenges are escalating. The academic world is the place where new ideas are born and new knowledge is created. Innovations based on basic research help to solve some of the central problems facing society today, and must therefore be given latitude. The old university structure was not conducive to promoting major changes.

Effecting the requisite changes constitutes a major cultural upheaval. As of now, strategic planning will be conducted in negotiation with the entire university community, and central policies will be decided by the University Board. Their actual implementation and specific research plans, on the other hand, fall within the purview of academic freedom. Increased autonomy gives universities an oppor tunity to draft long-term strategies defining specific focus and devel-

Four strategic strength areas were defined for the University of Oulu, namely, Biosciences and Health, Information Technology, Cultural Identity and Interaction as well as Environment, Natural Resources and Materials. Development areas of the university are Steel Research and Mining and Mineral Engineering, Business Administration and Economics as well as Research-Based Teacher Training. These areas are very extensive. And quite rightly so, for once the areas have been staked out, it is up to the research community to determine what specific goals and objectives to pursue. The focus area approach also benef its teaching. This is particularly true of postgraduate education, but the standard of Bachelor’s and Master’s studies also rises in tandem with research standards. And as the universities specialize in different areas, the entire higher education sector will become stronger and more competitive. Nonetheless, individual universities will no doubt suffer setbacks in some areas. Focusing activities is a practical necessity; there are simply not enough resources to move in too many directions at once. To ensure the creation of first-class study paths, Finnish universities must pull together like never before. In accordance with its strategy, the University of Oulu will be an attractive and productive northern university in 2020. The northern aspect is guaranteed, but being a force to be reckoned with in research and teaching at the international level requires a collaborative effort from the university community, in which everyone must pitch in. By achieving the status of a high quality university, we will also strengthen the well-being of our immediate environment. This is what the University of Oulu has done in the past, and this is what it will continue to do in the future – spurred by the rising standards imposed by globalization.

UNIVERSITY OF OULU YEAR 2010

The reform opens exciting possibilities for academic endeavour. On this, university researchers, teachers and students cannot but agree. On the downside, the Universities Act also brought in its wake a range of administrative changes, some directly linked to the university reform, others independent of it. Although these changes have been particularly harsh on support staff, no one has been immune to their effect.

opment areas. True, strategies have been devised before, but the possibilities of carrying them out are much improved now. Thus, the development of strength areas is effectively in the hands of the universities themselves.

LAURI LAJUNEN RECTOR

RECTOR’S PREVIEW A milestone in Finnish higher education, 2010 was the first year of the new Finnish Universities Act. By introducing changes in the financial and legal status of universities, the new act increased their administrative and economic autonomy. Wielding these new powers, the Board of the University of Oulu endorsed a new strategy for the period 2010–2012, implementation of which began immediately by the introduction of a structural reorganization process. Wide in scope, this process affected large sections of the university. Decisions concerning structural changes within the university included merging the Department of Educational Sciences and Teacher Education in Oulu and the Kajaani Department of Teacher Education into one unit and gathering all activities in one location. Moreover, a decision was made to divide the Department of Electrical and Information Engineering into three separate departments, while the centers for Micro and Nanotechnology and Electron Microscopy were combined into the Center for Microscopy and Nanotechnology. Suppor t services, previously scattered across the campus, were reorganized into five service points. A decision was also made to merge the Open University and Language Center into a single organizational entity, while Continuing Education was turned into a separate unit.

UNIVERSITY OF OULU YEAR 2010

These measures were approved by the Ministry of Education and Culture as falling in line with national development priorities and contributing toward achieving the university’s strategic aims.

Yet another decision taken by the University Board concerned steps to balance the university’s 8–9 million euro deficit. As a result, the university not only returned to financial equilibrium, but made a profit of about 2 million euro. Great strides were also taken by the fundraising campaign, which had gathered 9.2 million euro by the end of the year. A separate challenge campaign directed at private citizens generated 516 000 euro. The University of Oulu retained its position on the international higher education ranking list known as the Shanghai List. At 305–402, the university tied with the University of Turku as the second best placed Finnish university after Helsinki.

A total of 1452 Master’s degrees were completed in 2010. By awarding 508 degrees, the Department of Technology broke all previous records, courtesy of the degree reform deadline which ended in July. All told, 141 Doctoral degrees were conferred during the reporting year. These results reflect the effect of measures undertaken to shorten graduation times. Five strategic initiatives are in progress under the direction of the Education Council, seeking to improve the attainment of graduation targets and throughput, reduce the drop-out rate and intensify the use of resources. Striving to enhance its regional activity model, the university extended cooperation within the Oulu Innovation Alliance and honed its strategic research collaboration profile. A case in point is CEMIS in Kajaani, a contract-based joint research and training centre specializing in Measurement and Information Systems. Permeating all activities and processes at the university is the international dimension. During the past year, the university consolidated its role at the University of the Arctic as a coordinator of thematic programmes. In addition, it coordinates three Master’s programmes at the Barents Cross-Border University. In Baden-Wür ttemberg, Germany, where the University of Oulu has partnerships with several universities, efforts were made to further the establishment of joint Master’s and Doctoral programmes. In addition, the university was very successful in the Finland Distinguished Professor (FiDiPro) Programme, offered jointly by the Academy of Finland and Tekes, the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation. Two new professorships were granted last year, bringing the total number of researchers employed under the banner of the FiDiPro Programme to seven. What’s more, the University of Oulu has one of the country’s most active collaboration networks with Japanese universities, particularly in the fields of ICT and the environment. Chinese par tnerships were also boosted by signing new cooperation agreements, most notably with the Beijing Institute of Technology.

EVENTS 2010 l

l l

Universities Act becomes effective on 1.1.2010 New strategy approved for 2010 –2012 in March University of Oulu passes international audit in March 3000th Master’s degree awarded by the Depar tment of Electrical and Information Engineering in April

Professorship in Physical Activity and Health established at the University of Oulu in June l University of Oulu and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland sign a strategic par tnership agreement in June l

Intel and Nokia agree to establish a joint research laboratory at the University of Oulu in August

CEMIS OULU, the Centre for Measurement and Information Systems, launches its activities in Kajaani in September l University of Oulu receives Diploma Supplement Label in September l Finland’s second professorship in Automotive Engineering established at the University of Oulu in September l

Setting up of the University of Oulu Graduate School (UniOGS) System officially endorsed in October l Joint Professorship with Specialization in the Economy of Multiple Forest Use established in October l Nokia Corporation donates 1.8 million euro to the University of Oulu in October l Two new FiDiPro Professors arrive in October l

Professorship in Rural Studies established at the University of Oulu in December l Mr. Peter Hästö, Professor in Mathematics, is awarded the Väisälä Prize by the Finnish Association of Science and Letters in December l Fundraising campaign exceeds the 9 million euro mark in December l

UN I VI EVRE SRI STI YT YO O F FO O U LUUL UY EYAE R UN A R2 021001 0

The American Association of Neurological Surgeons ranks Professor John Koivukangas among leading researchers in the field in November l Annual Open Day for School Leavers attracts over 4000 upper secondary students in November l Nordic Mining School degree programme launched in collaboration with the Lulea Technical University in November l

TAINA PIHLAJANIEMI VICE RECTOR – PROVOST FOR SCIENCE AND RESEARCH

GR ADUATE SCHOOL R AISES QUALIT Y OF RESE ARCH As its overarching goal, the University of Oulu strives to promote creative basic research of a high international standard, capable of forming a platform for new ideas and innovations. The four main cornerstones in this effort are the definition of research focus and development areas, renewal of postgraduate programmes, launching of a programme to recruit international researchers and strengthening innovative research environments and infrastructures. During the repor ting year, a new research strategy was adopted. At its core are the university’s multidisciplinary focus areas. As development areas, the university designated Business Administration and Economics, Research-Based Teacher Training as well as Steel Research and Mining and Mineral Engineering. For the first time, sharply defined research objectives were assigned to each area. A systematic effor t continued to develop postgraduate education and also to provide support and training to thesis supervisors. In line with the recommendation of the working group charged with the development of doctoral education in Finland, a common graduate school was established at the university to administrate and coordinate its postgraduate research programmes. Known as the University of Oulu Graduate School (UniOGS), this new institution is set to start its activities in August 2011. Designed to harmonize rules and procedures for doctoral studies, this reform serves to improve the quality of postgraduate research and supervision. Another measure to further research involves employing 16 highly-merited researchers on fixed five-year term contracts as professors, university researchers and research fellows. The first of these positions will be filled in the first half of 2011.

UNIVERSITY OF OULU YEAR 2010

Looking ahead, the university is committed to investing four million euros per annum on developing its research infrastructures during 2010 –2012, specifically research equipment and collections. At the first stage, funding was allocated to research focus and development areas.

Financing from the European Regional Development Fund was channelled to extensive infrastructure development initiatives serving research, education and regional innovation activities. In addition, the university used to its advantage the FiRi infrastructure programme of the Academy of Finland. SPECIAL FUNDING FOR BIOSCIENCES Work is currently under way to design and build creative research environments, offering a gateway to first-rate research and collaboration.

Multidisciplinary research centres of the University of Oulu are Biocenter Oulu, Infotech Oulu and Thule Institute. Moreover, the Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory is being developed as a top-ranking national research unit with a specific mission. Also the Giellagas Institute has a nationwide responsibility to arrange and coordinate research and teaching around the Sami language and Sami culture. Other high profile research units with a clearly defined focus are the Center for Wireless Communications (CWC), Center for Advanced Steel Research and Center for Cell-Matrix Research. 2010 witnessed the launching of a structural development programme for biosciences. As part of the Biocenter Finland network, Biocenter Oulu possesses extensive expertise in transgenic mice, electron and light microscopy, structural biology, proteomics, viral gene transfer and bioinformatics. These activities will be boosted through the injection of 5 million euro of specially targeted funding in 2010–2012. Humanities strengthened the focus areas of Cultural Interaction and Language, Education and Interaction by establishing post-doctoral researcher positions. Further, planning of novel research programmes was initiated within the focus area of Environment, Natural Resources and Materials. In addition, plans were made to introduce a doctoral programme and an innovation center for energy. A sharper profile was honed for strategic research collaboration within the Oulu Innovation Alliance, whose management structure was also recast. Other major initiatives included Intel and Nokia setting up their first joint research laboratory at the university. In Kajaani, the Centre for Measurement and Information Systems (CEMIS), a contractbased joint research and training centre, took its first steps toward providing expert services to clients. The University of Oulu and VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland) renewed their agreement on cooperation in the fields of information technology, printable technologies and biotechnology. As for funding, the amount of complementar y f inancing increased in 2010, amounting to 30.7 % of the total. The university also performed strongly in acquiring national competitive funding: financing provided by the Academy of Finland and Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (Tekes) increased by 20 % relative to the previous year. Funding received from the European Framework Programme remained constant.

PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNIVERSIT Y OF OULU IN 2010 Field

Other publications

Total

Humanities

Scientific publications 256

173

429

Education

106

194

Economics

559

622

Medicine

633

691

Dentistry

Health sciences

Technology

548

637

Separate departments

159

233

2451

590

3041

Total Not included are printed abstracts.

143

2006

130

2007

123

2008

154

2009

141

2010

UNIVERSITY OF OULU YEAR 2010

Science

DOCTOR AL DEGREES 2006 â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2010

EFFICIENT MEASURES TO SUPPORT STUDIES The University of Oulu seeks to sharpen its profile as a high-quality science-based university with a reputation for world-class education and for excellence in research. Achieving this aim requires international recognition of its learning and teaching standards. One objective measure of the quality and transparency of the university’s success in this area is the Diploma Supplement Label awarded by the European Commission in 2010.

another field to pursue a Master’s degree. As a consequence, students may have a Bachelor’s degree consisting of minor subjects and a Master’s degree focusing on major subjects.

Educational administration at the University of Oulu was revised at the start of 2010 to better support the achievement of strategic aims. Thus, an Education Council was established under the leadership of the Vice-Rector for Education to set the goals and coordinate development activities.

Another significant step in 2010 was the development of teaching and research services for international personnel. By facilitating their participation in administrative tasks, the reform aims at a more efficient use of resources.

Success in education and research and active development hinge on economic stability. As a result, the university must keep abreast of other Finnish universities to ensure the necessary funding. In addition to quality, practical measures adopted by the University of Oulu are geared toward reaching a good result in terms of throughput and study success rate as well as increasing the proportion of international students. To attain these goals, the Education Council set up five strategic initiatives and five working groups, charged with the task of drawing up a detailed master plan. Serving as members and chairing the working groups are specialists and representatives of the student union.

UNIVERSITY OF OULU YEAR 2010

Throughput will be improved by enhancing study counselling at the freshman stage. Teacher tutoring was introduced to cut down the drop-out rate by elucidating the responsibilities and duties of both organizers of education and students. This new initiative was commenced at the start of the autumn term in all degree programmes and subjects.

OLLI SILVÉN VICE RECTOR – PROVOST FOR EDUCATION

By closely analyzing educational processes, the university strove to find the best practices that enable students to earn about 60 credits a year, the set academic standard. One example is the introduction of better planning tools, including electronic personal study plans and personal schedules. In step with these measures, the Universitas initiative, coordinated by the student union, has sought to find studentcentered means of promoting studies. This represents an exceptionally intimate form of collaboration between a university and its student union in Finland. INCREASED EFFICIENCY THROUGH STRUCTURAL CHANGES An internal degree reform was kicked off by forging flexible study paths to connect different fields of study. They allow students with a Bachelor’s degree in one field to cross over to

To increase the international flavour of the education offered, existing programmes were enhanced and new Master’s degree programmes were introduced. They currently constitute almost 20 % of all graduate programmes in the offing.

A means of rapidly improving the university’s throughput rate involved providing suppor t to students nearing the completion of their studies. Thesis groups offered an approach to early detection and intervention of problems, while so-called arrears courses were arranged to help students collect missing credits to complete their degree requirements. Methods that prove worth their salt will be employed on a permanent basis to keep the drop-out rate at a minimum. Several organizational changes were made to further promote the quality of the education programmes offered. For one thing, courses and workshops in university pedagogy were handed over to the Faculty of Education to develop their content and to further integrate teaching and research. Another move involved dividing the Department of Electrical and Information Engineering into three different departments, the idea being that this restructuring will enhance their appeal both domestically and internationally. Collaborative efforts were initiated to merge the Open University and Language Centre, while Continuing Education was detached from the Open University. Underlying this reorganization was the desire to make the funding principles of the Ministry of Education and Culture more transparent. At the same time as the reorganization is taking place, the university seeks to extend its educational offerings to a wider extramural audience. Moreover, the board took the decision to concentrate all student services on the Linnanmaa Campus in one place. This customer-centered, internationally widely-adopted Student Center model serves to improve the overall accessibility of student services. Simultaneously, as the older premises are vacated, the university is in a position to offer them for the use of its cooperation partners. As the strategy is being implemented, the university’s operational culture will be shaped to better take account of best practices in research and education. Being substance-based, this development work serves to engage both students and staff.

TOTAL NUMBER OF STUDENTS 2006 –2010 16729

16486

15775

15661

15880

OUTGOING AND INCOMING EXCHANGE STUDENTS 2010

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

COMPLETED MASTER’S DEGREES 2006 –2010 1932 1342 1452

1287

Outgoing Germany Spain United States Sweden Austria France United Kingdom Italy Hungary Belgium Other

46 36 31 23 18 17 16 12 10 10 124

Incoming France Germany Spain Italy Poland Czech Republic Belgium Russian Federation Austria Singapore Other

62 52 49 34 25 16 15 14 14 12 119

Total

343

Total

412

1108

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

UU NN I VI V ER S ISTI T Y YOO F FOO UU LU EA R R2 02 10 01 0 ER L UY Y EA

UNIVERSITY OF OULU YEAR 2010

PER SON -YE AR S OF EMPLOYMENT IN 2010

STRUC TURE OF E XPENDITURE 2010

8% 20,9 %

22 %

16 % 34 % 3% 16 %

person-years professors 229 researchers 947 teachers 441 library personnel 80 administrative personnel 452 other personnel 609

% 8 34 16 3 16 22

Figures for teacher training schools are not included in the char ts. Oulu Kajaani teachers 73 20 other personnel 13 4

15,5 %

63,6 %

Personnel expenditure 63,6 % Premises costs 15,5 % Other expenditure 20,9 %

PERSONNEL STRUCTURE IN TURMOIL Human resource management is guided by the university’s strategy and human resources policy plan, which are geared toward ensuring that the university will be successful in achieving its strategic aims while forming an excellent working environment for its students and employees. Ar ticulating common goals and principles for university personnel and human resources management, the human resources policy plan highlights the impor tance of good personnel management and assists unit heads in managing their staff resources and carrying through changes. The goals and recommendations for action contained within the policy plan created the foundation for all measures taken in 2010. In effect as of 1st Jan. 2010, the new Universities Act transformed all employment relationships at the university. As employment became contract-based, over 3000 contracts had to be signed in one go. A major overhaul, carrying out these profound changes required providing guidelines and training personnel. At the same time, the opportunity was grasped to replace temporary employment relationships with permanent ones. Administrative support services were reorganized and developed, resulting in the transfer of payroll services to Cer tia (the newly hatched financial and administrative services centre of Finnish universities), remodelling of service points and introduction of new information systems. Diverse support services were collected in administrative service units and service points. Another initiative of 2010 was the launching of a working group on research careers, which set about honing level criteria and piloting the new career system.

MORE PERSONNEL FOR CORE TASKS

It was deemed necessary to reduce personnel by 180 person years by means of pension schemes, lay-offs and termination of temporary employment relationships. An estimate of the cost effect of these measures was 6.1 million euro. Targeting mainly on administrative and laboratory personnel, the impact of the undertaken action on human resources was most acutely felt in administrative services and the faculties of Education, Science and Medicine.

Most of the measures were carried out during the reporting year, and to soften their effect, a range of support structures were made available to the affected units. As a result of the measures, the number of personnel decreased by 178 persons. However, teaching and research staff increased in number, and the proportion of employees on fixed-term contracts grew slightly from the previous year (from 57.6 % to 59.8 %).

NEW INITIATIVES TO PROMOTE WELL-BEING AT WORK Completed in 2010, the university’s new well-being plan emphasizes management and the well-being of work community. Practical initiatives included allocating financing to well-being oriented management training and to training and consultation geared toward promoting processes leading to improved well-being. These initiatives were supported by the Varma Mutual Pension Insurance Company. In partnership with occupational health services, the university star ted the construction of an early caring model. To be introduced in the first half of 2011, the model is expected to provide supervisors with tools for addressing problem situations in the workplace at an early stage. To raise management and supervision standards at the university, courses and workshops were arranged on such topics as human resources management, financial management, management information system reporting and everyday problem solving at the unit level. In addition, coaching was offered to unit heads on conducting and evaluating development discussions. Consultation was also provided to foster academic leadership and improve human resources management. In an effor t to advance the professional competence of university staff, best practices were evaluated and distributed. This effort was further promoted through cross-remit personnel training and use of an education por tal, revising guidelines for personnel training and updating development discussion materials. One major aim of this drive was to enable unit heads to better identify training needs. Development of the university’s management system proceeded along the lines laid out by the University Board. As part of the process, the board approved definitions of personnel roles and the corresponding responsibilities. In addition, the university’s web site was enhanced to include a management skills page for unit heads.

UNIVERSITY OF OULU YEAR 2010

To balance the economy, it became necessary to evaluate the university’s personnel structure and make appropriate adjustments. Consequently, cooperation negotiations were conducted in February–March on intended action. Involved in these negotiations were all support service personnel, regardless of unit, as well as the entire staff of the Kajaani University Consortium, Faculty of Education, Department of Information Processing Science and Language Centre.

LIISA ROSSI HUMAN RESOURCES DIRECTOR

UNIVERSITY OF OULU YEAR 2010

Board of the University of Oulu. On the back row, from the left, Markku Savolainen, Pekka Erkkilä, Lea Kauppi, Markku Mäkivuoti, Milja Seppälä and Sanna Järvelä. Front row, Leena Mörttinen, Hans Söderlund and Raija Ukkola.

UNIVERSITY BOARD 31.12.2010

RECTORS

Hans Söderlund, Vice President, Chairman Pekka Erkkilä, Executive Vice President Lea Kauppi, Director General Leena Mörttinen, Head of Group European Affairs Erkki Ormala, Vice President Sanna Järvelä, Professor Markku Mäkivuoti, Lecturer Markku Savolainen, Professor Milja Seppälä, Undergraduate Student Raija Ukkola, Head Attendant, In-House Services

Lauri Lajunen, Rector Olli Silvén, Vice Rector, Education Taina Pihlajaniemi, Vice Rector, Research

University Collegium. On the back row, from the left, Miikka Saukko, Juha Kostamovaara, Jouni Pursiainen, Anssi Tuohino, Matti Isohookana, Juhani Niskanen, Marko Huttula (deputy); in the middle Paula Rossi, Pentti Hakkarainen (deputy). Front row, Henrik Hedberg, Juha Jaako, Raija Lähdesmäki (deputy).

UNIVERSITY COLLEGIUM 31.12.2010 Kimmo Alajoutsijärvi, Professor Kalervo Hiltunen, Professor Juha Kostamovaara, Professor Juhani Niskanen, Professor Jouni Pursiainen, Professor Kyösti Oikarinen, Professor Paula Rossi, Professor Hannu Soini, Professor

Elina Honkala, Undergraduate Student Petra Junno, Undergraduate Student Matti Kemi, Undergraduate Student Miikka Saukko, Undergraduate Student, Vice Chairman Aino-Maija Toppi, Undergraduate Student Anssi Tuohino, Undergraduate Student

UNIVERSITY OF OULU YEAR 2010

Henrik Hedberg, Senior Assistant Matti Isohookana, Project Manager Juha Jaako, Senior Assistant, Chairman Eila Keränen, Library Secretary Gordon Roberts, Lecturer Vesa Virtanen, Research Manager

FACULTIES FACULTY OF HUMANITIES Subjects Information Studies Logopedics Finnish Language Sámi Language Sámi Culture English Philology German Philology Scandinavian Philology Literature General History Finnish and Scandinavian History History of Ideas and Science Cultural Anthropology General Archaeology Undergraduate students First year students Postgraduate students Degrees awarded Bachelor’s degrees Master’s degrees Doctoral degrees Personnel Teaching and research personnel Other personnel Publications Scientific publications Other publications

FACULTY OF EDUCATION

2013 252 274 416 223 183 8 139 121 18 429 256 173

Subjects Education Music Education Early-Childhood Education Primary Teacher Education Master of Education, International Programme Technology Oriented Primary Teacher Education Arts and Craft Oriented Primary Teacher Education Pedagogical Studies for Teaching Certificate Undergraduate students 1674 First year students 277 Postgraduate students 149 Degrees awarded 407 Bachelor’s degrees 212 Master’s degrees 184 Doctoral degrees 9 Personnel 160 Teaching and research personnel 128 Other personnel 32 Publications 194 Scientific publications 106 Other publications 88

FACULTY OF SCIENCE Subjects Biochemistry Animal Ecology, Animal Physiology, Plant Ecology, Plant Physiology, Genetics Biophysics, Physics, Geophysics, Theoretical Physics, Astronomy Geology and Mineralogy, Surficial Geology, Geochemistry Inorganic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Structural Chemistry Geography, Regional Development and Regional Politics Mathematics, Statistics, Applied Mathematics Information Processing Science Undergraduate students 3592 First year students 602 Postgraduate students 376 Degrees awarded 498 Bachelor’s degrees 232 Master’s degrees 218 Doctoral degrees 40 Personnel 511 370 Teaching and research personnel 141 Other personnel Publications 622 Scientific publications 559 Other publications 63

FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

FACULTY OF MEDICINE Subjects Dental Specialist Medical Specialist Dentistry Nursing Science Welfare Technology Clinical Laboratory Science Medicine Radiography Health Care Administration Health Science Teacher Undergraduate students First year students Postgraduate students Professional postgraduate students Degrees awarded Bachelor’s degrees Master’s degrees Doctoral degrees Professional postgraduate degrees Personnel Teaching and research personnel Other personnel Publications

1437 248 342 550 362 46 198 49 69 388 243 145 833

Scientific publications Other publications

747 86

Subjects Management and Organization Economics Accounting Marketing Finance International Business Undergraduate students First year students Postgraduate students Degrees awarded Bachelor’s degrees Master’s degrees Doctoral degrees Personnel Teaching and research personnel Other personnel Publications Scientific publications Other publications

1480 295 91 307 137 161 9 83 68 15 93 76 17

FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY Subjects Architecture Mechanical Engineering Process Engineering Electronics Information Engineering Information Networks Industrial Engineering and Management Environmental Engineering Undergraduate students 3317 First year students 512 Postgraduate students 585 Degrees awarded 748 Bachelor’s degrees 213 Master’s degrees 508 Doctoral degrees 26 Personnel 682 Teaching and research personnel 488 Other personnel 194 Publications 637 Scientific publications 548 Other publications 89

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Edited by University Communications | Graphic design: Pakkahuone | Photos: cover: Kati Leinonen, Juha Sarkkinen, Studio Ilpo Okkonen Oy, Jukka Kontinen, Onni Wiljami Kinnunen/Studio P.S.V Oy | Printing house: Uniprint Oulu | ISSN 0787-4227

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