Practical Science Series: Energy and Change, 6-8 year olds

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Practical Science

Energy and Change for 6-8 year olds

! Practical hands-on science activities ! Contains comprehensive teachers’ notes and lesson ideas

By Kevin Rigg

Contents

Contents

Energy and Change

This is a Ready-Ed Publications' book preview.

Teachers’ Notes Presentation Ideas Curriculum Links

........ page 4 ........ page 5 ........ page 6

Lesson 1: Ordering Events Teachers’ Notes Activity

........ page 8 ........ page 9

Lesson 2: What is Energy?

Teachers’ Notes Activity

...... page 10 ...... page 11

Lesson 3: Energy Sources Teachers’ Notes Activity

...... page 12 ...... page 13

Lesson 4: Using Appliances Teachers’ Notes Activity

...... page 14 ...... page 15

Lesson 5: Energy at Home Teachers’ Notes Activity

...... page 16 ...... page 17

Lesson 6: Saving Energy Teachers’ Notes Activity

...... page 18 ...... page 19

Lesson 7: Energy Saving Poster Plan Teachers’ Notes Activity

...... page 20 ...... page 21

Lesson 8: Energy in the Community Teachers’ Notes Activity

...... page 22 ...... page 23

Answers

...... page 24

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Teachers’ Notes This book contains a package of photocopiable worksheets designed to be used to cover the Science learning area of “Energy and Change” with 6-8 year old students.

Energy and Change

Lesson Sheets Layout

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At this level the students’ focus is local forms and sources of energy. Tasks involve practical activities using common everyday objects.

Opportunities are provided for students to follow pictorial diagrams, create a poster and extend matching and drawing skills. Activities include ordering events, examining sources and uses of energy in everyday appliances, looking at energy transfer and studying the use of energy in the wider community.

STUDENT LESSON SHEET Lesson title Student learning activities

Each lesson has the potential to: • extend into more than one lesson by having separate parts to the lesson sheet. Some sections of a lesson may need planning on other paper before final copies are transferred to the lesson sheet. Some lessons may be too long for one lesson and could be completed at another time.

• expand into other curriculum areas using a similar theme. There are ideas for crosscurricular integration with other learning areas. Sometimes a whole day’s work could be planned around one lesson sheet.

Science Materials and Equipment

The equipment needed has been kept to a minimum to facilitate ease of planning. It is readily available in schools or is easily acquired.

All lesson sheets are outcome linked to the various curriculum documents (see page 6).

Answers are provided where necessary (see page 24).

Other books in the Practical Science series:

• • • •

4

Earth and Beyond Life and Living Natural and Processed Materials Working Scientifically

TEACHERS’ NOTES INCLUDE: (FOR EACH LESSON) Outcome links; Required materials; Lesson plan ideas including extension ideas and teaching tips;

Go to www.readyed.net Cross-curricular/integration ideas.

Presentation Ideas

Energy and Change

This is a Ready-Ed Publications' book preview.

• Create a display using items used in the lesson and worksheets.

Children could make labels for the items.

• Make a frieze of drawings, magazine cut-outs and worksheets used in the lesson. Students can label the pictures.

• Take digital photos of the activity and download/print them for a language activity. Children can create labels to put under the photos.

• Children could produce labels or text for the photos which can be used to create a class book or display in the library.

• Display record pages alongside the data collection pages in a class display.

• Collect photos from the children of activities, pets, homes, etc.

• Cut the worksheets up into parts and display, together with the children’s drawings.

• Use art pieces as a backdrop to a display of the children’s worksheets.

• Children could prepare and present talks to another class using the worksheets as a guide.

Internet Use All websites listed in the Practical Science books are linked from the Ready-Ed website listed below. This saves the teacher and/or student from typing in the addresses each time. External websites referred to in this book will be updated through the Ready-Ed site below should they disappear or modify their address after publication.

Go to www.readyed.net

Bookmark this site for ease of use:

www.readyed.com.au/urls/science

5

Curriculum Links

Energy and Change

This is a Ready-Ed Publications' book preview.

The activities in Practical Science: Energy and Change can be linked to the following Science strands and learning outcomes for each state/territory.

State/Territory

Subject Area

NT, ACT and Tas. (National Curriculum)

Science

New South Wales

Strands

Outcomes

· Energy and Change

- Energy and Us - Transferring Energy - Energy Sources and Receivers

1.4, 2.4 1.5, 2.5 1.6, 2.6

Science and Technology

· Physical Phenomena

PP S1.4 PP S2.4

Victoria (VELS)

Science

· Science, Knowledge

CSF 1.1

Queensland

Science

· Energy and Change

1.1, 1.2, 1.3

South Australia

Science

· Energy Systems

1.3, 1.4

Western Australia

Science

· Energy and Change

EC 1, EC 2

and Understanding · Science at Work Physical Science: Energy and its Uses

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Energy and Change

This is aLesson Ready-Ed Publications' plans and activities for: bookOrdering preview.

Events •

•What is Energy?

•Energy Sources •Using Appliances •Energy at Home •Saving Energy •Energy Saving Poster Plan •Energy in the Community

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Lesson 1

Lesson 1

Teachers’ Notes

Energy and Change

Ordering Events

This is a Ready-Ed Publications' book preview.

Learning Outcome:

• Describes interactions and sequences of connected events.

Materials: • a set of four birthdays from class members on cards • days of the week written on cards • a range of small pot plants showing a variety of plant development and some seeds (try to include a dead or dying plant)

Lesson Ideas: • Write the birth dates on the board and ask the four children to come up to the front.

• Ask the selected children to line up in the order they have their birthday this year. Try this with the whole class.

• Write the days of the week on cards and distribute at random to seven children. Ask them to organise themselves to stand in order at the front of the room. Do a similar thing with the months.

• Show the plants and seeds and suggest someone place them in a logical order, e.g. from seed to dead plant.

• Children complete the first section of the worksheet by writing in the numbers showing the order of the events.

• Children draw pictures to show a known story in order.

Integration Ideas: The Arts: Children fold the paper into four and draw an activity in four parts in order.

Maths: Order numbers, times, dates, and so on. Sorting: Children cut out the individual pictures of the “ordering” events and resort them into the correct order.

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English (Literature): Read parts of a fairy tale or nursery rhyme in the wrong order and ask the children to suggest the correct order.

8

Lesson 1

Ordering Events

Energy and Change

Number the pictures to show the correct order of events.

This is a Ready-Ed Publications' A book preview.

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B

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C

Draw pictures to show a story in order.

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D

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E

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Teachers’ Notes

Lesson 2

Energy and Change

What is Energy?

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Learning Outcome:

• Identifies sources of energy in daily life.

Materials:

• variety of small appliances and toys which require different energies to operate (e.g. torch, toaster, push toy, wind toy, gas heater, and so on)

Lesson Ideas: • Discuss the concept of energy and show examples of the types of energy needed to operate the various examples (appliances and toys).

• List the types of energy used on the board.

• Discuss the types of energy used to do various things at home.

• Children draw lines matching the items with the energy type used to make it work.

• Discuss cooking and heating at home and list suggestions. Try to incorporate appliances which use different types of energy to electricity.

• Children choose their own ideas and complete drawings for “Energy at Home”.

Integration Ideas: The Arts: Each group can focus on a different type of energy (e.g. wind, electricity, etc.). Using a large piece of art paper, students can paint or draw the appliances which use that type of energy.

Health: Discuss electrical safety concerning the electrical appliances that are on display in the classroom.

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What is Energy?

Lesson 2

Energy and Change

Energy is needed to move things.

Match the pictures to the type ofPublications' energy needed to ThisA is a Ready-Ed make it work. book preview. electricity 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901

wind muscles motor batteries

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B

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C

Energy at Home Draw and label two more things we use to heat our homes.

wood fire

• _______________ • _______________

Draw and label two more things we use to cook our food.

Go to www.readyed.net hot plate

• _______________ • _______________ 11

Teachers’ Notes

Lesson 3

Energy and Change

Energy Sources

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Learning Outcomes:

• Identifies sources of energy in daily life.

• Describes observable changes that occur in two objects that interact, identifying the energy source and receiver.

Materials: • 2 small toys which have simple functions, e.g. yo-yo • 2 hand tools (e.g. hand drill, screwdriver, hammer) • tennis ball

Lesson Ideas: • Discuss the concept of energy having to be provided in order for things to move or work.

• Demonstrate using common examples such as moving a chair, closing a window or door, or using a pen.

• Children fill in the missing words to describe who/what is providing the energy. (A) • Explain the terms “source” and “receiver” in relation to energy.

• Demonstrate the transfer or energy using one of the small toys, one of the tools and also with a throwing and catching activity using the tennis ball.

• Children write in the source and receiver in the next exercise (B) on the worksheet.

• Provide another demonstration using the other toy and tool showing energy transfer.

• Children name and draw the energy source and receiver for that particular demonstration. Repeat with the other example.

Integration Ideas: English (Speaking and Listening): In groups, the children take turns operating their class equipment. The group discusses the energy type and source/receiver.

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12

Lesson 3

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A

Energy Sources

Energy and Change

Write who is giving the energy and who is receiving the energy.

This is a Ready-Ed Publications'

book preview.

E.g. The man is giving energy to the ball.

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The _________ is giving The _________ is giving energy to the __________ energy to the __________

The man, woman and boy are energy sources.

The ball, violin and swing are energy receivers.

B

What is the source of energy here?

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C

Who is the receiver of energy here?

List and draw two energy sources and receivers.

Energy Receivers

Energy Sources

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Lesson 4

Teachers' Notes

Energy and Change

Appliances This is aUsing Ready-Ed Publications' book preview.

Learning Outcomes:

• Describes ways energy is used in daily life.

• Describes interactions and sequences of connected events.

Materials: • electric knife • hair dryer • range of other small household electric appliances

Lesson Ideas: • Show and demonstrate the electric appliances. Children to discuss what the appliance does (not what it is used for). Then have the children discuss what it is used for. Explain the difference between function and uses.

• Children complete the first activity by drawing lines from the appliance to its function and its uses.

• The next section (B) could be cut off the master sheet and used at another time or used as an assessment.

• Demonstrate the small appliances for students to add to the table.

Children can also suggest other appliances of their own.

Integration Ideas: The Arts: Students paint or draw scenes of appliances being used in the home.

Health: Discuss and demonstrate correct electrical safety practices.

English (Word Study): Children list as many appliances as they can on a spelling sheet which can then be used for word study activities.

The Arts (Drama): Using mime, children pretend to use an appliance while the class take turns to guess the appliance.

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14

Using Appliances

Lesson 4

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Energy and Change

Draw a line to join the appliance to the work it does.

Then match it to 1234567890123456789012345678 the reason why we use it.

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A

This is a Ready-Ed why we use it work it does Publications' book preview.

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B

•We use it to pick up dust.

•We use it to flatten clothes.

•We watch it for fun.

•We use it to toast bread.

Complete these:

Appliance

Function

Use

•It moves water around in a tub.

•We use it to wash clothes.

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•It keeps things cold all the time.

•We use it to keep food cold.

15

Lesson 5

Teachers' Notes

Energy and Change

Energy at Home

This is a Ready-Ed Publications' book preview.

Learning Outcomes:

• Explains ways people in the community use energy.

• Explains ways that applications of science protect people.

Materials: • collection of appliances and tools which use all types of energy (e.g. gas heater, solar calculator, picture of wood fire, electrical appliance, lawnmower, mop, battery operated tooth brush and so on) • magazines for cut-outs • toaster

Lesson Ideas: • Show all appliances and have children suggest the types of energy each one uses.

• List on the board the tasks from the worksheet (e.g. heating the house, cooking, heating water, cutting grass) and discuss the different appliances used and the energy needed.

• Children discuss in small groups what is used in their home. Children can fill in the list of energy types and draw or paste pictures of the main appliance used at home. (Photos of the items can be brought in from home and pasted onto the sheet.)

• Demonstrate the safety features of the toaster and ask children to write about two of these features.

Integration Ideas: The Arts: Children draw or paint someone using an appliance at home.

English (Speaking and Listening): Children use the worksheet as a guide to prepare a talk on “Energy Used At Home”. Another idea is for students to prepare a talk on the safety features of home appliances.

Maths: Create a class graph showing the energies used at home. Use a tally or bar graph.

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16

Energy at Home

Lesson 5

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A

Energy and Change

Tick the types of energy found at your home.

This is a Ready-Ed Publications' book preview. solar energy

electricity

petrol motor

gas

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B

wood fire

What energy do you use at home for each of these things?

Cooking

Heating the house E.g. Electricity (heater)

Draw

Draw

Cutting the grass

Heating water

Draw

Draw 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901 12345678901

C

Safety

What helps make this toaster safe? Discuss two things.

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17

Lesson 6

Teachers' Notes

Energy and Change

Saving Energy This is a Ready-Ed Publications'

book preview.

Learning Outcome:

• Identifies sources of energy in daily life.

Materials: • class heater and fans • appliance with an LED light, e.g. torch • pictures of a solar hot water system • small reading lamp with light globes of various wattage

Lesson Ideas: • Discuss the energy sources the children have at home. Relate to the home survey in Lesson 5.

• Conduct a whole class or group brainstorm on ways to use less electricity at home. Make a list and discuss.

• Discuss how low wattage globes can help save electricity. Children can rank the light globes in strength and show how low wattage uses less power. Demonstrate the lamp with the different globes.

• Children complete section A. This can be done orally and suggested phrases or words can be written on the board for the children to put into a sentence.

• Children draw the answers to section B and match the sentences in part C. Again, these can be discussed first if needed. The worksheet can be done in two parts, for example, B could be enlarged and completed on A3 paper in small groups.

Integration Ideas: The Arts: The ideas presented for saving energy could be illustrated.

English (Writing): Children write a paragraph describing how to wash the clothes or heat/cool the room and so on.

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18

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A

Lesson 6

Saving Energy

Energy and Change

Why is it wise to use less electricity at home?

This is a Ready-Ed Publications' book preview.

Draw pictures to show these energy saving ideas in the _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________

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B

home.

Shut the windows and doors when you heat the house.

Use a solar hot water system.

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C

Put full loads of washing in the washing machine.

Don’t leave the fridge door open.

Match up these energy saving sentences:

Turn off the lights

than air conditioners.

Ceiling fans use less power

with fluorescent globes.

Wash your clothes

when you leave the room.

with cold water.

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Set the hot water

Replace normal light globes

temperature lower.

19

Lesson 7

Teachers' Notes

Energy and Change

Energy Saving Poster Plan This is a Ready-Ed Publications'

book preview.

Learning Outcomes:

• Describes ways energy is used in daily life.

• Identifies sources of energy in daily life.

Materials: • • • •

energy-saving resources from the library (e.g. books and posters) Internet (printed pages, websites) a computer to use for creating labels magazines for cut-outs

• art paper, pencils, scissors, glue, felt pens, etc.

Lesson Ideas: Browse some websites to find poster ideas for the children. Print some ideas off and distribute or let the children browse online themselves.

Starting points: www.edfenergy.com – browse to the energy efficiency page www.consumerenergycenter.org/tips/index.html www.energyquest.ca.gov/saving_energy • Discuss energy saving ideas and present the children with some resources to choose from.

• Children collect what they can from home using either the Internet, magazines, relevant flyers from the mail, newspapers and so on, and choose their ideas for their poster.

• Children plan how their poster will look by drawing on the plan where they will include the ideas they have chosen. They will need to tick off the checklist as they make the plan.

• When they have completed the plan they can use the art paper and commence making the poster. Ensure they use all the items from the checklist. Some parts of the poster can be done on computer and printed out (descriptions and labels).

• Posters can be completed in class or done as a homework activity.

• Display the posters around the school and in other classes, e.g. library.

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Integration Ideas:

English (Speaking and Listening): Children present their poster to the class or another class as a talk on energy saving.

20

Lesson 7

Energy Saving Poster Plan

Energy and Change

Plan and make a poster about ‘Saving Energy at Home’.

do: ThisHere’s iswhat a toReady-Ed Publications' book preview.

1. Make a poster plan on this sheet. Use the box below to list your ideas.

2. Mark off the items from the checklist.

3. Choose your energy saving ideas.

4. Collect pictures from magazines or from the Internet.

5. Create your poster using the art paper. See your teacher.

Checklist

Poster Plan

Tick off the items as you include them.

Title Your drawings Magazine images (cut-outs) Labels on pictures Border Include: Tips for cooking Tips for washing clothes Tips for heating Tips for cooling Some ideas of your own

______________

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______________ ______________

21

Lesson 8

Teachers' Notes

Energy and Change

Energy in the Community

This is a Ready-Ed Publications' book preview.

Learning Outcome:

• Identifies ways science is used in daily life.

• Explains ways people in the community use energy.

• Describes the ways people in the community use science.

Materials: • collection of posters and pictures of farmers, truck drivers and builders • small display of tools used by farmers and builders which use different energy (hand drill, toy truck, hammer, electric drill, solar calculator, etc.)

Lesson Ideas: • Show the tools and discuss how they work and who would use them. List the energy types on the board (e.g. electric, muscle, petrol motor, solar).

• Discuss each task the farmer has to do from the list on the worksheet. Students make their choice as to what energy is used to complete the task.

• Discuss the energy a truck driver and builder uses. Children make their own choices and give ideas which can be written on the board.

• Children draw the people who use that type of energy.

Integration Ideas: Society and Environment / SOSE / HSIE: Collect cut outs of people at work and have them classified according to which type of energy they are using. Paste the collected cut outs onto a large piece of paper and display.

English (Writing): Children write about the jobs of their family members and the types of energy the particular family member uses to carry out his/her job.

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22

Lesson 8

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A

Energy in the Community

Energy and Change

Place the letter next to the farming activity to show the energy that is used.

This is aS sun Ready-Ed Publications' E electricity P petrol motor book preview. harvesting crops milking cows in a dairy

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B

growing crops

shearing sheep

ploughing paddocks

clearing the bush

List two sorts of energy a truck driver uses.

They use this to _________________________ They use this to _________________________

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C

List two sorts of energy a builder uses.

They use this to _________________________ They use this to _________________________

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D

Draw someone ...

using the sun for energy

using a fire for energy

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Answers

Energy and Change

Lesson 1 – Ordering Events

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A) 3, 4, 1, 2.

B) 2, 4, 3, 1.

C) 3, 1, 4, 2.

D) and E) Answers will vary.

Lesson 2 – What is Energy?

A) Yacht = wind; car = motor; washing machine = electricity; torch = batteries; horse = muscles.

B) Electric heater, column heater, air conditioner, blower heater, and so on; C) Oven, microwave, appliances, and so on.

Lesson 3 – Energy and Change A) 1. Boy, violin; 2. Boy, swing.

B) 1. Wood fire; 2. Lady.

Lesson 4 – Using Appliances A) 1. Iron, gets hot on the bottom, flatten clothes; 2. Toaster, heats wires, toast bread; 3. TV, shows pictures, fun; 4. Vacuum cleaner, sucks air, picks up dust from floor.

B) 1. Cut bread or meat; 2. Draw washing machine; 3. Blows hot air; 4. Draw fridge.

Lesson 5 – Energy at Home A) Answers will vary.

B) Answers will vary.

C) Answers will vary but may include that the toaster is made of heat resistant material, wires are hidden inside, and also includes a shut off switch.

Lesson 6 – Saving Energy A) and B) Answers will vary.

C) 1. – When you leave the room; 2. – Than air conditioners; 3. – With cold water; 4. – Temperature lower; 5. – With fluorescent globes.

Lesson 8 – Energy in the Community

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A) 1. P; 2. P; 3. S; 4. E; 5. P; 6. P. B), C) and D) Answers will vary.

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