Local Governance Hand Book

w;afmd;

m%dfoaYSh hymd,kh European Union

ISBN: 978 - 955 - 1281 - 49 - 6

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ish¿u ysñlï weúßKs' fuys wka;¾.; jk lreKq Wmfhda.S lr.ekSfï§$ m%ldYkh lsÍfï§ ta i|yd g%dkaiafmarkais bkagkeIk,a Y%S ,xld wdh;kfhka ,sÅ; wjirh ,ndf.k ;sìh hq;=h.

fmrjok 01

Y%s ,xldfõ m<d;a md,k Wreuh yd tys úldYh

03

2011 foieïn¾

Y%s ,xldfõ rdcH md,k jHqyh iy m<d;a md,k wdh;k

04

m<d;a iNd l%uh ;=< yjq,a mßmd,kh jHqyh

05

m%Yia; m<d;a md,k wdh;khl ;sìh hq;= hymd,k .=Kdx. yd tys j¾Ok Wmdhh ud¾.

08

ye¢kaùu 02

w;afmd;

m%dfoaYSh hymd,kh

fmrjok m<d;a md,kh hkq ck;djf.a jeo.;a yd uQ,sl fiajdjka /ila ,ndfokakd jQ idudkH ckÔú;hg jvd;a ióm md,k moaO;shls¡ wmg wjYHu fiajdjka jk hym;a ud¾. moaO;shla mj;ajdf.khdu" m%d:ñl wOHdmk wdh;k yd fi!LHh fiajdjka mj;ajdf.khdu" fndajk frda. u¾ok jHdmdr mj;ajdf.khdu" fj<`oi,a mj;ajdf.k hEug w;ys;§u hkdosh m<d;a md,k wdh;k u.ska bgqjkakd jQ fiajdjka iuyrls¡ kshñ; ld,hkays§ mj;ajkakd jQ ue;sjrK ;=<ska fuu wdh;kj,g wjYH kdhlhka m;alsÍug ck;djg wjia:dj ,efí. fufia m;ajkakd jQ kdhlhkag ck;d wjYH;d y÷kdf.k tajd idOdrKj yd jD;a;Suh f,i ;Dma;su;a lr.ekSug wjYHjk ffk;sl miqìu ilia lrñka kS;s yd m%{ma;s iïmdokh lsÍfï Ndr¥r ld¾hh mejf¾. fuksid m<d;a md,k wdh;kj, ukd l%shdldÍ;ajh ;yjqre lsÍu wjYHu fohls. tfukau m<d;a md,k wdh;kj,g cd;sl uÜgfï wdh;kj,g jvd b;d myiqfjka ck;djg j.ùug ixúOdkh úh yelsh. tfia jqj;a rdcHh mßmd,kh yd ksfhdað; l%uh w;r we;a;d jQ fjki ms<sn| fndfyda YS% ,dxlsl ckhd ;=< woyila fkdue;. m<d;a md,k moaO;sh ld¾hËuj" m%cd;ka;%jdoh ;yjqre lrñka l%shd;aul fkdjqjfyd;a ck;d wjYH;d jvd;a ld¾hËuj yd wvq úhoulska imqrd,sh fkdyel. tfiau cd;sl ;,fha wdh;k jvd;a úêu;aj yd ixúOdkd;aulj l%shd;aul jk úg m<d;a md,k wdh;ko jvd;a ld¾hËuj l%shd;aul fõ¡ tu ksid m<d;a md,k uÜgfï§ .kakd jQ ;SrK ta uÜgfï§u

02

.; hq;af;a cd;sl uÜgfï kdhlhskaf.a lsisÿ n,mEulska f;drjh¡ g%dkaiafmarkais bkagkeIk,a Y%S ,xld wdh;kh u.ska iïmdokh lr we;s fuu zm%dfoaYSh hymd,kh w;afmd;Z ys fyd| m<d;a md,k wdh;khla ;=< ;sìh hq;= wxY .Kkdjla" jeo.;a wdh;k ms<sn| lreKq rdYshla tlg f.dkqlr we;. fuu w;afmdf;ys m<d;a md,k wdh;kfha meje;aug fya;=jk lreKq iuyrla i|ykajk w;r úêu;a f,i m<d;a md,k wdh;kj, ck;d iyNd.S;ajh we;slsÍu ;=<ska tu wdh;kj, ld¾hËu;dj by< kexúh yelafla flfiao hkako ú.%y flf¾¡ fufia m<d;a md,k jHqyh Yla;su;a lsÍu ;=<ska m%cd;ka;%jdoh ienúkau w¾:j;a l< yelsh¡ g%dkaiafmarkais bkagkeIk,a YS% ,xld wdh;kh Wfoid fuu w;afmd; iïmdokh lsÍu ms<sn|j m<d;a md,k wdh;kj, l%shdldÍ;ajh ms<sn| mßmQ¾K oekqulska hq;a msh;siai rKisxy uy;dg udf.a m%Kduh mqolrñ. tfiau wdpd¾h ú,S fukaäia uy;d fuu w;afmdf;ys .=Kd;aulnj jeälsÍu Wfoid isÿl< úpdrd;aul we.hSugo udf.a m%Kduh mqolrñ¡ ;jo fuu w;a fmd; iïmdokh lsÍfï§ hlal,uq,a, m%dfoaYsh iNdfõ iNdm;s;=ud we;=¨ iuia; ld¾hh uKav,h iy m%foaYjdiS ck;dj oelajQ iyfhda.h uy;a fia w.h lrñ' wdpd¾h úch ch;s,l úOdhl wOHËl

ye¢kaùu zzm<d;a md,k wdh;kZZ hk jpkh w¾:l:kh lrk iy tys uQ,sl ,laIK ú.%y flfrk fkdfhl=;a u;jdo ;sfí' ta iEu ú.%yhlu wdjrKh lrk jeo.;a lreKq folla ;sfí' m<uqjekak zzrdcHhlg jvd l=vd n, m%foaYhl l%shd;aul jk fyhska ck;djg jvd;a ióm;u uyck ksfhdað;hska we;s wdh;kh m<d;a md,k wdh;khZZ njhs' fojekak zzish n, m%foaYh ;=< iqLúyrKh iy fmdÿ myiqj ms<sn|j ck;djg j.lshkq ,nkakd jQo tu j.lSu imqrd,Su Wfoid iïm;a iy n,h ysñj we;a;djQo iajhx md,k wdh;khZZ njhs' fuu ú.%yhka u.ska ikd: flfrk uQ,sl lreK jkafka m<d;a md,k wdh;khl hymd,kfhys meje;au r\ we;af;a ck;djf.a iyNd.S;ajh yd yjq,aldß;ajh u; jk njhs' furg m<d;a md,k wdh;k .ek flfrk úuxik j,§ fmkajd§ we;s m%lg lreKq 2 la ;sfí' 1. furg m<d;a md,k wdh;k fndfyduhl hymd,kh l%ufhka msßfyñka mj;sk nj

fuu lreKq fol tlu ldishl fome;a; n÷h' m%cdjf.ka ÿria jk m%udKhg hymd,kfhkao ÿria jk nj m%;HlaI jk lreKls' fuu ksid hymd,kfhka bÈßhg .uka lrk iy ck;djf.a iqLúyrKh yd myiqj ms<sn|j M,odhS fiajhla i,ik m<d;a md,k wdh;k moaO;shla furg f.dvke.sh yelafla m<d;a md,kfhys,d m%cd iyNd.s;ajh yd odhl;ajh j¾Okh lsÍfuka muKs' fuu w;a fmd; iïmdokh lr we;af;a m<d;a md,k wdh;khkays hymd,kh j¾Okh lsÍu Wfoid m%cd odhl;ajh iy iyNd.s;ajh j¾Okh lsÍfï Wmdh ud¾. y÷kd.ekSu;a ta ms<sn|j l%shdldÍ jevigyklg m%fõYùug;a we;s wjia:djka idlÉPdjg Ndckh lsÍfï wruqK imqrd .ekSu Wfoidh' ;u n,m%foaYj, mj;akd úfYaI ;;ajhkag wkql+, jk mßÈ fhda.H Wmdhh ud¾. wjYH .e<mSï iys;j l%shdjg kexùfuka m%cd iyNd.s;ajh yd odhl;ajh ;=<ska m<d;a md,k wdh;khkays hymd,kh j¾Okh lr.ekSug m%foaYfha ck;djg, isú,a ixúOdkj,g, m<d;a md,k wdh;kj, uyck ksfhdað;hkag, tu wdh;kj, fiajfha kshq;=jqjkag iy fiajd ,dNskag fuu.ska u.fmkaùula i,id§u fuys uQ,sl wruqK fõ'

2. m<d;a md,k wdh;k iy m%cdj w;r iyiïnkaOh l%ufhka ÿria; fjñka mj;sk nj

03

04

Y%s ,xldfõ m<d;a md,k Wreuh yd tys úldYh wo furg mj;akd m<d;a md,k wdh;k l%uh wd.ka;=l ixl,amhla fkdfõ' jir 2500 la ;rï wE;g Èfjk wfma iudc w¾:l%u idrO¾u yd fmdÿck Ôú;h yd ne÷kq wdh;k rduqjl úldYkhls' wfma wE; w;S;fhys l%sia;= mQ¾j 4 jk ishjfiys mKavqldNh rc;=udf.a ld,fhys wkqrdOmqr k.rh msysgqùfï§ m<d;a md,k l%uhla meje;s nj fmfka' l%sia;= mQ¾j 2 jk ishjfia ;U.,a, fi,a ,smsho, 10 jk ishjfia ;=kajk Woh rcq msysgjQ nÿ¨ geï ,smsho, fõje,a leáh fi,a,smsho merKs ;snQ .ï iNd iy kd.ßl md,k l%u .ek f;dr;=re imhhs' uykqjr iy fldaÜfÜ rdcOdks iufhyso .ï iNdj ckiïu;jd§ ixúOdkhla f,i meje;s njg rdcisxy rcqf.a u,ajdk .súiquo frdnÜ fkdlaia f.a ,xldj .ek ,shQ .%ka:ho ikd: lrhs' 1815 § ì%;dkH wêrdcHhg ,xldj hg;ajQ miq 1818 § merKs .ï iNd l%uh wfydais l< kuq;a bx.%sis wdKavqj úiska we,fõ,s yd jdrsud¾. mßmd,khg 1856 § .ï iNdj kej; msysgqjk ,§' 1871 § jeä n,;, iys; kj .ï iNd l%uhla we;s lrk ,§' 1980 ixj¾Ok iNd msysgqjk ;=reu l%shd;aul jQ merKs .ï iNdj ixj¾Ok iNd wfydaisùfuka miqj 1987 § m%dfoaYsh iNd kñka kej; jeä n,;, iys;j msysgqjd ;sfí'

1865 § úYd, k.r i|yd uy k.r iNd msysgqjk ,§' ixfYdaOk .Kkdjlg ,laù wo mj;akd uy k.r iNd 1987 wxl 16 ork w{dmk; hgf;a msysgqjd we;' 19 jk ishjfia ueo Nd.fha§ rg ;=< uOHu mßudKfha k.r moaO;shla ìysjQ w;r tajd md,kh i|yd 1892 § fi!LH uKav, kñka wdh;khla we;s l< w;r 1920 § th m<d;a wdKavq iNd njg mßj¾;kh lrk ,§' 1929 wxl 61 ork wd{dmk; u.ska m<d;a wdKavq iNd fjkqjg wo mj;sk k.r iNd we;s lrk ,§' 1987 § mkjk ,o wdKavq l%u jHjia:dfõ 13 jk ixfYdaOkh u.ska m<d;a iNd furg we;s lrk ,§' m<d;a iNd ixia:dmkh lsÍu;a iu. uyk.r iNd, k.r iNd iy m%dfoaYsh mßmd,kh yd wêlaIKh m<d;a iNd j,g mjrk ,§' ta iu.u thg fmr meje;s ixj¾Ok iNd wfydaislr m%dfoaYsh iNd msysgqùugo m<d;a md,k wdh;k j,g ksfhdað;hska f;aÍfï fldÜGdi l%uh fjkqjg wkqmd; Pkao l%uh y÷kajd§u o 87$88 ld,fha§ isÿ lrk ,§'

05

Y%s ,xldfõ rdcH md,k jHqyh iy m<d;a md,k wdh;k 1988 furg m<d;a md,kfhys .uka u. fjkia l< j¾Ih fõ' ta fya;= 3 la u;hs' 1. m<d;a iNd we;s lr m<d;a md,k wdh;k mßmd,kh yd wêlaIKh m<d;a iNd j,g mejeÍu.

2. m%dfoaYsh lsÍu.

iNd

ixia:dmkh

3. fldÜGdi l%uh fjkqjg wkqmd; Pkao l%uh u; iNdj,g ksfhdað;hska f;dard m;alr.ekSu Wfoid ue;sjrK l%u ixfYdaOkh lsÍu. wo furg m<d;a md,k wdh;khkays jHqyh my; i|yka mßÈ ks¾udKh ù ;sfí.

06

cd;sl uÜgu



úOdhl ckdêm;s



md¾,sfïka;=j

 m<d;a iNdj



m<d;a iNd 9



 m%dfoaYsh uÜgu

uyk.r iNd 23



wdKavqldrjrhd $ m<d;a wud;H

m<d;a md,k wdh;k

k.r iNd 41

m%dfoaYsh iNd 271

m<d;a iNd l%uh ;=< yjq,a mßmd,k jHqyh

m<d;a iNd

wdKavqldrjrhd

iNdj

 uy weu;s uy k.r iNd k.r iNd m%dfoaYsh iNdj, ;sridr meje;au;a, wkkHjQ wruqo,la, ksYaÑ; ld¾hh Ndrhla we;s uyck ixúOdkhls' th ck;dj fjkqfjka, ck;dj Wfoid, ck;dj úiska M,odhS f,i mj;ajdf.k hdhq;=hs'

 wud;H uKav,h

 m<d;a md,k flduidßia

m<d;a wud;HdxYh 



uyk.r iNd 23

fomd¾;fïka;= $ uKav,

k.r iNd 41



m%dfoaYsh iNd 271

m%dfoaYSh ld¾hd,

07

isxy, rdcdKavq iufha isgu jir 2400 la muK merKs ckiïu;jd§ uyck wdh;khka jQ .ï iNd l%uho l%sia;= mQ¾j 4 jk ishjfia§ muK wdrïN jQ kd.ßl mßmd,k l%uho miqìï fldg j¾Okh jQ furg m<d;a md,k l%uh fm!rdKsl .=Kdx. yd ì%;dkh ixl,amj, taldnoaO odhdohls' 1987 § y`ÿkajd fok ,o 13 jk wdKavq l%u ixfYdaOkfhka wk;=rej rcfha iy m<d;a iNdj, yjq,a mßmd,khg th hg;aj ;sfí' • w¨;ska iNd ixia:dmkh lsÍu iy tajdfha iajrEmh tkï uyk.r iNdjlao, k.r iNdjlao, m%dfoaYSh iNdjlao hkak ksYaph lsÍu rchg l< yelsh.

• md¾,sfïka;=j iïu; l< wK mk;a wkqj m<d;a md,k wdh;kj,g ysñ n,;, j.ùu yd ld¾hNdrh kS;sfhka kshu lr ;sfí.

• 1947 wxl 16 ork wd{dmk;ska ixfYdaê; 1865 wxl 17 orK uy k.r iNd wd{dmk;.

• 1937 wxl 61 ork k.r iNd wd{d mk;.

• 1987 wxl 15 ork m%dfoaYsh iNd mk; u.ska ixia;dms; fuu wdh;k ish,a,lau thg wkkHjQ n,;, yd ld¾hhka iys; rdcH ixia:d fõ.

08

• m<d;a md,kh ms<sn| cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh, m<d;a md,k wdh;kj, ixhq;sh, m<d;a md,k wdh;kj, jHqyh iy iajrEmh ;SrKh lsÍfï n,h rch i;=fõ.

• m<d;a md,k wdh;k úiqrejd yeÍfï n,h yd m<d;a md,k wdh;kj, mßmd,kh wêlaIKh lsÍfï hk n,;, m<d;a iNdj i;=fõ.

• m<d;a md,k wdh;kj,g kS;sfhka ysñ ù we;s n,;, m<d;a iNdjla úiska wysñ l< fkdyel' wjYH kï w;sf¾l n,;, mjrd Èh yelsh.

m<d;a md,k wdh;k fj; mejÍ we;s j.lSï

;ks ;ksj mqoa.,hskag fyda lKaavdhulg imqrd.; fkdyels fmdÿ ck Ôú;h iqjodhS iy myiq lrkakd jQ j.lSï iuQyhla furg m<d;a md,k wdh;kj,g mejÍ ;sfí' fuu j.lSï m%Odk fldgia 6 lg fnod ±laúh yelsh'

1. uyck fi!LHh iy mdßißl fiajd •

c,dmjdykh - c,dmjdyk ldKq, c,ud¾. we;slsÍu, mj;ajdf.k hdu yd úêu;a f,i kv;a;= lsÍu

•

u<dmjdykh - mÈxÑ ksjdi, f.dvke.s,s yd fmdÿ ia:dkj, jeisls<s, leisls<s m%%udKj;a nj ikSmdrlaIl f,i mj;ajdf.k hdu ms<sn|j úêúOdk fh§u

•

li, l<uKdlrKh - ùÈ, ud¾. w;=.Eu, li, tla /ia lsÍu, ksfjia iy ia:dkj,ska bj;,k >k wmøjH m%jdykh, neyer,k ia:dk kv;a;=j yd wmøjH l<uKdlrKh

•

fi!LHh iïmkak fkdjQ f.dvke.Sï md,kh lsÍu wêl ;onoh u.yeÍu, frda. me;sÍug we;s bvlv ke;s lsÍu

•

mSvd md,kh - Yío, jdhq iy fjk;a mdßißl uyck mSvd u.yerùu

•

wdydrj, ikSmdrlaIl Ndjh - ksIamdokh wf,úh yd mßfNdackh lrk ia:dkj, lghq;= úêu;a lsÍu, wdydr mdk mÍlaIdj

•

ud;D yd <ud fi!LHh - idhk meje;aùu, fnfy;a Yd,d, m%;sldr uOHia:dk mj;ajdf.k hdu

•

frda. je<elaùu iy m%;sldr fiajd - fi!LH wOHdmkh mdßißl fi!LH wdrlaIdj yd wdhq¾fõo yd ngysr m%;sldr uOHia:dk meje;aùu

2. uxudj;a 3. uyck Wmfhda.S fiajd - bÈlsÍu yd kv;a;=j • • • • • • •

mdkSh c,iïmdokh fmdÿ ia:dk yd f.dvke.s,s yd ùÈ wdf,dalu;a lsÍu fj<| fmd<j,a, i;s fmd<j,a iy wf,úi,a we;s lsÍu fmdÿ kdk ia:dk, kdk f;dgqm<j,a we;s lsÍu iqidk N+ñ wdodykd.dr we;s lsÍu l%svdx.k, l%Ssvd N+ñ, m%cdYd,d m%cd uOHia:dk we;s lsÍu úfkdao myiqlï ie,eiaùu

4. wOHdmk fiajd 5. iudc iqnidOkh 6. iudc ixj¾Ok

—

fuu fiajdjkaj,g mßndysrj wlalrnÿ, bvï úlsKsu iïnkaO úfYaI nÿ iy W!k ixj¾ê; bvï i|yd nÿ whlrkq ,nkafka m%dfoaYSh iNd j,ska muKs.

˜

09 03

10

m%Yia; m<d;a md,k wdh;khl ;sìh hq;= hymd,k .=Kdx. yd tys j¾Ok Wmdhud¾. hymd,khg wod, jkakdjQ uQ,sl ixl,amhkag wkqj m%Yia; m<d;a md,k wdh;khl ;sìh hq;= .=Kdx. iy tajd j¾Okh lr.ekSug Wmdhud¾., m%Odk Wmdh ud¾. 8 la hgf;a idlÉPd l< yelsh 1. iyNd.s;aj ixj¾Okh 2. iïuq;sfhka lghq;= lsÍu 3. j.ùu 4. úksúoNdjh 5. m%;spdrd;aul nj 6. ld¾hlaIu nj yd wod< nj 7. idOdrK nj yd wka;¾.; nj 8. kS;s.rel nj

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1

iyNd.s;aj ixj¾Okh iNdfõ lghq;=j,g m%foaYfha m%cdj olajk iyNd.s;ajh, odhl;ajh fyda yjq,aldÍnj fuhska woyia fõ' m<d;a md,k wdh;k úiska l<hq;= ixj¾Ok yd fiajd jev ie,iqï lsÍu yd l%shd;aul lsÍfï§ m%cd iyNd.s;ajh ;=<ska jvd;a ld¾hlaIu yd M,odhS f,i tajd bgq l< yelsfõ' fmdÿ uyck iïm;aj, wdrlaIdj, kv;a;=j wju msßjehlska bgq lsÍug yelsùu, kdia;sh yd ¥IKfhka f;drj uqo,a mßyrKh lsÍug yelsùu yd ienE ck;d Wjukdjka bgq lsÍug yelsùu iyNd.s;ajfhka ,efnk jdisodhl m%;sM,fõ' m%cd iyNd.s;ajh ixj¾Okh Wfoid m<d;a wdh;khlg wkq.ukh l< yels Wmdhh ud¾.:

md,k

i. iNdfõ WmfoaYk ldrl iNdj,g m%foaYfha mqrjeishka m;alsÍu m%dfoaYsh iy k.r iNd wK mk;a wkqj m;a lrk ldrl iNdj,g m%cdjf.a ksfhdað;hska m;alsÍfuka yd uy k.r iNd úiska ilia lr.;a w;=re jHjia:d u.ska ia:djr lñgq mqrjeishka iu. idlÉPd lsÍug úêúOdk ie,eiaùfuka ;SrK .ekSfï l%shdj,shg ck iyNd.s;ajh ,nd.; yelsh'

ii. whjeh l%shdj,shg ck;dj iyNd.S lr.ekSu bÈß j¾Ih i|yd whjeh fhdackd ilia lrk úg yd whjeh flgqïm;a idlÉPdj i|yd ck;d yjq,aldß;ajh ,nd.ekSug mk;a yd Í;s j,ska úê úOdk ilid ;sfí' fuys§ m%cdj oekqïj;a lr ixj¾Ok yd wdodhï úhoï fhdackd .ek uyck woyia ,nd.; yelsh' iii. ixj¾Ok iy fiajd ie,iqïlrKfha§ m%cd iyNd.s;ajh ,nd.ekSu È.=ld,Sk yd fláld,Sk ixj¾Ok ie,iqï ieliSfï§ uyck woyia yd fhdackd ,nd.ekSu yd jev l%shdjg kexùfï§ m%cd odhl;ajh ,nd.ekSu fuys§ l< yelshs' m%cd ixúOdk y÷kdf.k tajd odhl lr .ekSu, fldÜGdY yd l,dm wkqj uyck ieisjdr meje;aùu, .eg¨ yd ÿIaalr;d .ek uyck woyia ,nd.ekSu, jevj, m%.;sh yd ld¾hh idOkh jd¾;d lsÍu, m%cdjg mejfrk l%u we;s lsÍu fuys§S jeo.;afõ' iv. iNd /iaùïj, uyck .e,ß iyNd.s;ajh mq`M,a lsÍu úêu;a yd újD; f,i iNd /iaùu, ld¾hh mámdá wkq. ukh lsÍu, uyck .e,ßj, myiqlï jeä lsÍu iNd /iaùï wdjrKh i|yd ckudOH iyNd.S lsÍu u.ska m%cd iyNd.s;ajh mq¿,a l< yelshs'

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iïuq;sfhka lghq;= lsÍu iïuq;sfhka lghq;= lsÍu hkq iduqysl tlÕ;ajh u; l%shdlsÍuhs' úOdhl n,h u; fyda nyq;rfha n,h u; ;SrK .ekSu iïuq;sfhka lghq;= lsÍu fkdfõ' ish¨ fokd i;=gq lsÍu fyda ish¨ fokd ksy`v lsÍuo iïuq;sh fkdfõ' lrkq ,nk lghq;= mq¿,a f,i idlÉPd fldg ukd f,i úuxikh fldg uyck ksfhdacs;hska m%cdj isú,a ixúOdk wdosfhys iduQysl tl`.;djhlska l%shdjg kexùu iïuq;sfhka l%shdlsÍuhs. fï i|yd my; i|yka Wmdh ud¾. m<d;a md,k wdh;khlg wkq.ukh l< yelshs. i. lrkq ,nk lghq;= mlaI úmlaI ish¨ ksfhdacs;hska iu. idlÉPd lsÍfuka tl`.;ajhlg t,eöu ii. iEu jevl§u iïuq;s kdhl;aj Í;s ms<sme§u iii. ixj¾Ok jevigyka ck;d leue;a;g bÈßm;a lsÍu iv. iNd fhdackd talu;slj iïu; lsÍu v. iïuq;shg meñKsh fkdyels lreKq ms<sn|j wod< md¾Yj iu. úia;rd;aulj idlÉPd lsÍu

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j.ùu j.ùu hkqfjka woyia lrkafka wdh;kh lrkq ,nk ish¨ lghq;= ms<sn|j ms<s;=re §ugo, iEu ld¾hhlgu j.lSugo ck;dj bÈßfha ne£ we;s njhs' jev yd fiajdj, fhdok uqo,a, hka;% iQ;%, mqoa.,hska iïnkaOj m%;s,dN uyckhd fj; ,efnk njg iNdj j.úh hq;=hs' ck;djg wjYH foa bgq lsÍu, lrkq ,nk lghq;= ksis mámdá wkqj lsÍu, uyck wfmalaIdjka bgqù ;sîu hk lreKq ienE j.ùul§ imqrd ;sìh hq;=hs' fuu wjYH;djh bgq lsÍfï Wmdh ud¾. fufiah: i. ck;d iyNd.s;ajh we;sj iEu jevlu m%;sM, yd m%;s,dN we.hSfï l%u wkq.ukh lsÍu ii. m%cdj úiska úhoï wdodhï úuxikh flfrk ir, m%cd ú.Kk l%shdj,shla wkq.ukh lsÍu iii. jev weröfï isg wjika m%;sM, N=la;s ú£u kv;a;=j yd mj;ajdf.khdu .ek ck;dj iu. ilS%h wLKav ixjdohla mj;ajdf.k hdu iv. ck;d j.lSï bgq lrk ck;dj fjkqfjka lem jQ ld¾hd, ixúOdkhla yd ukd mqyqKqj ,enQ úkh iys; ld¾hh uKav,hla mj;ajdf.k hdu

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úksúoNdjh wdh;kfhys ish¨u lghq;= újD; f,i o ,dN m%fhdack wfmalaId j,ska f;drj o fufyhùu fuhska woyiafõ' úksúoNdjh wdrlaId lsÍu i|yd my; i|yka l%shdud¾. l%shd;aul l< hq;=h. i. wdodhï /ialsÍu, uqo,a mßyrKh, NdKav yd foam< Ndú;h fiajd yd iemhqï bgq lsÍu, foam< nÿ§u fiajlhska n|jd .ekSu ms<sn| kS;sÍ;s ksjerÈj ms<sme§u ii. ck;djg f;dr;=re oek.ekSfï whs;sh l%shdjg kexùu iii. iu wjia:d ie,fik fm!oa.,sl ne£ï j,ska f;dr ld¾hh mámdá ms<sme§u iv. jd¾Isl nÿ n,m;% .dia;= iEu j¾Ihlu uyck;djf.a oek.ekSu msKsi m%ldYhg m;alsÍu yd ld¾hd,fha m%o¾Ykh lsÍu v. ldrl iNd l<uKdlrk lñgq yd ld¾hh uKav, /iaùï iEu uilu meje;aùu iy ish¨ ;SrK tajdfha idlÉPd lsÍu vi. wúêu;a lKavdhï yd wl%uj;a l%ufõo j¾Okhùu je<elaùu Wfoid iEu udi 6 lg jrla fyda jirlg jrla ks,Odßka w;r rdcldß yqjudre lsÍu

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m%;spdrd;aul nj wdh;khla úiska bgql<hq;= ck;d fiajdjka yd Wjukd tmdlï ms<sn|j ixfõ§ ùu yd idOdrK yd ms<s.; yels ld,hla ;=< fiajdjka bgqlr§u m%;spdrd;aul nj f,i i,lkq ,efí. fuu ldrKh bgqlsÍu Wfoid my; i|yka l%shdud¾. m<d;a md,k wdh;khl wkq.ukh l< yelshs. i. mqrjeis m%{ma;shla m%ldY lr ta wkqj ksYaÑ; ld,h ;=< uyck fiajd bgqlsÍu ii. uyck iïnkaO;d ks,Odßhl= kï lr uyck b,a,Sï bgqlr §ug u. fmkaùu iii. uyck meñKs,s fmd;la iy uyck meñKs,s fmÜáhla iNdfjys ;nd thska ,efnk meñKs,s$ ÿla.ekú,s läkñka úi£ug l%shdlsÍu iv. iNdjg tk ish¨fokd ms<sf.k Tjqkaf.a b,aa,Sï j,g ijka§u v. uyck Èkhka kshulr iNdm;s k.rdêm;s yd uyck ksfhdað;hska Rcqju yuqùfï myiqj uyckhdg ,nd§u vi. uyck ksfhdað;hska iNdjg f.k tk fiajd b,a,Sï úuxikh lr läkñka ms<s;=re ,nd§u vii. ks,OdÍka ksjdvq hk l,ays tu jev wdjrKh Wfoid ksYaÑ; jev igykla l%shdjg kexùu viii. uyck woyia Woyia úuik ckiólaIK fyda u; úuiqï ld,Skj iEu wxYhlu meje;aùu

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ld¾hlaIu nj yd ld¾hhka ys wod< nj wdh;khl M,odhS nj uyck ;Dma;sh yd úYajdih Èkd.ekSu u; r|dmj;S' th by< kexúh yelafla lvkñka yd wfmalaIs; m%;sM, ck;djg ,efnk mßÈ jev iy fiajd bgq lsÍfuks' ld¾hlaIu nj iy wod, nj iq/lSu yd j¾Okh msKsi my; Wmdh ud¾. ms<smeÈh hq;=h' i. iEu jevlau ksYaÑ; ld,jljdkq iys; ie,eiaulg wkqj fufyhùu ii. jev läkñka isÿlsÍug wjYH jk ld¾h mámdá Í;s wvx.= Wmfoia yd ud¾f.damfoaY ms<sfh, lr l%shdjg kexùu iii. iEu lghq;a;lau ms<s.;a mßmd,k yd ;dlaIK msßú; yd m%ñ;Ska wkqj bgqlsÍu iv. ienE Wjukdjka y÷kd .ekSug m%cd iyNd.s;ajh Wmfhda.S lr.ekSu v. úêu;a f,i rdcldÍ yd j.lSï fnodyeÍu f,aLk ,smsf.dkq l<uKdlrKh ÈhqKq lsÍu jev wëlaIK l%u j¾Okh l%shdjg kexùu u.ska iuia; l<uKdlrKh ld¾hlaIu lsÍu vi. iEu ixj¾Ok jevlgu YlH;d wOHhk ;dlaIKsl jd¾;d ms<sfh,lr ldrl iNd iy uy iNdj, wkque;sh ,nd.ekSu vii. úêu;a m%.;s iudf,dapk yd úuxik l%shdj,shla wdodhï úhoï yd fiajd jev ms<sn|j wkq.ukh lsÍu viii. msßú;r yd idlÉPd jd¾;d rys;j jev fiajd fyda iemhqï l%shd;aul fkdlsÍu

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idOdrK nj iy wka;¾.; nj wdh;k n, m%foaYfhys iEu .ula, ùÈhla, m%foaYhla fyda iEu ckj¾.hla iEu wd.ñl lKavdhula. iEu iudc mx;shla w;r idOdrK f,i iïm;a yd fiajd fnodyeÍu yd iEu .ulau, iEu ckj¾.hlau, iEu mqrjeis yd iudc lKavdhulau wka;¾.;jk fia jev yd fiajd iïmdokh lsÍu fuhska woyiafõ. idOdrK nj yd wka;¾.;Ndjh ck;djg ,ndÈh yelafla n, m%foaYh ;=< iudc wd¾Ól N+f.da,Sh iy m%cd úoHd;aul f;dr;=re .ek ienE wjfndaOhla wdh;kh i;=j ;sfíkï muKs. idOdrK nj iy wka;¾.; nj imqrd,k wdh;khlg ta i|yd my; Wmdh ud¾. wkq.ukh l< yelshs. i. iNd n, m%foaYfha ish¨u iudc wd¾Ól f;dr;=re yd o;a; tla /ia lrf.k hdj;ald,Sk j mj;ajdf.k hdu yd tajd mokï lrf.k ixj¾Ok jev igyka ie§u ii. m%cd Wjukd tmdlï .eg`M ÿIalr;d y÷kd.; yels iïnkaO;d cd,hla j¾Okh lsÍu iii. jev iy fiajd ms<sn| ie,iqï iEu fldgilu m%cd iyNd.s;ajh u; ilia lsÍu iv. iEu .ula iEu fldÜGdihla iEu ckj¾.hla w;r idOdrK f,i iïm;a fn§hdu iy;sl lrk ie,eiaula iïmdokh lr l%shdjg kexùu v. idOdrKj iy hqla;s.relj l%shdlsÍu iy;sl flfrk fia iNdfõ lghq;= j.lSï .ek m%cdj oekqusj;a lsÍu

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kS;s.rel nj wdh;kh kS;s.; ixia:djla fia i,ld wKmk;a, w;=re jHjia:d, Í;s yd rg ;=< n, mj;akd kS;s fr.=,dis j,g wkqj ld¾hhka bgq lsÍu kS;s.relNdjh kï fõ' fï .==Kdx.h bgq lsÍu i|yd wjYH Wmdh ud¾. fufiah: i. ú.Kkh yd úu¾Ykh úiska fmkajd § we;s wvqmdvq yd fodaI o¾Yk jyd ksjerÈ lsÍu yd h<s we;s fkdùug wjYH mshjr .ekSu ii. kS;s, fr.=,dis, pl%f,aLk wKmk;a, ld¾hh mámdá .ek uyck ksfhdað;hska yd ks,OdÍka oekqïj;a flfrk jevigyka l%shd;aul lsÍu iii. kshñ; ld,h ;=< wdodhï úhoï, .sKqï jd¾;d ilid iNd.; lsÍu. nÿ yd wdodhï .ek kS;suh mshjr .ekSu iïm;a foam< yd j;alï wdrlaIK úêúOdk fh§u, kS;shg mgyeks l%shdjkag úreoaOj mshjr .ekSu iy mßmd,k l%shdldrlï ksjerÈj bgq lsÍu iv. iïu; w;=re jHjia:d ms<s.ekSu yd wjYH w;=re jHjia:d mkjd .ekSu

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Wmqgd .eksï • • • • • • • • • • • •

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"Commission Report of Inquiry on LG Reforms 1999." Commission Report .

1999.

Exiner, Ron. Good Governance Guide. Victoria: Good Governance Advisory Group , 2004.

Foundation, The Asia. Regulatory Mapping: Guide Book on Government Services Urban Councils. Colombo: The Asia Foundation, 2007.

Regulatory Mapping: Guide book on Local Government Services Municipal Councils. Colombo: The Asia Foundation , 2007.

Regulatory Mapping: Guide Book on Local Government Services Pradeshiya Sabhas. Colombo : The Asia Foundation, 2007.

Ceylon Gazette, Gazette No. 8458, 16th June 1939 Socialist Democratic Republic of Sri Lanka Gazette, Gazette No. 549/17, 20th January 1989 Ceylon Gazette, Gazette No. 555/5, 17th April 1989 Ceylon, Municipal Council Ordinance no. 16 of 1947 Socialist Democratic Republic of Sri Lanka, Pradeshiya Sabah Act no. 15 of 1987 Ceylon, Urban Council Ordinance no. 61 of 1939 m<d;a md,k wdh;k Wmfoia ix.%yh. fld<U: m<d;a md,k wud;HdxYh, 1989

uyck;dj fj; jvd;a Wiia fiajdjla ,ndoSu i|yd m<d;a md,k wdh;k ;=< hymd,kh jeäoshqKq lsÍfïs wfmalaIdfjka iïmdokh lrk ,o fuu w;a fmd; ms<sn| Tnf.a woyia yd fhdackd wm fj; okajd tjkafkakï lD;{ fjuq' wmf.a ,smskh g%dkaiafmarkais bkag¾keIk,a Y%S ,xld wxl 6, 37 jk mgqu., /ðk mdr, fld<U 3 B fï,a : tisl@tisrilanka.org fjí wvúh: www.tisrilanka.org

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1

Delegation of the European Union to Sri Lanka and the Moldives 26, Sir Marcus Fernando Mawatha, Colombo 7, Sri Lanka Tel: (94 11) 2674413/4 Fax: (94 11) 2678860 Email: delegation-sri-lanka@eeas.europa.eu Web: www.eeas.europa.eu/delegations/sri_lanka

Disclaimer: The publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of 1 Transparency International Sri Lanka (TISL) and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union.

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m%dfoaYSh hymd,kh g%dkaiafmarkais bkagkeIk,a Y%S ,xld g%dkaiafmarkais bkagkeIk,a Y%S ,xld hkq ¥IKh uev,Su uQ,sl wruqK lr.ksñka l%shd;aul jk m%uqL;u cd;Hka;r ixúOdkhla jk g%dkaiafmarkais bkagkeIk,ays Y%S ,dxlSh ksfhdað;dh;khhs' f,dj mqrd rgj,a /il YdLd ishhlg wêl m%udKhla msysgqjd we;s g%dkaiafmarkais bkagkeIk,a iuia; cd,hu úksúoNdjh" j.ùu yd hymd,kh m%;sm;a;Ska m%j¾Okh msKsi lem ù isà' g%dkaiafmarkais bkagkeIk,a Y%S ,xld wdh;kh 2002 jif¾ isg Y%S ,xldj iqms<smka foaYhla njg m;a lsÍfï wruqKq we;sj iajhx wruqo,a imhd .ekSula iu. iajdëkj l%shd;aul fõ' Y%S ,xldj ;=< w,a,i yd ¥IKh wju lrñka hymd,kh Yla;su;a lsÍu i|yd 2002 jif¾ isg fuf;la rdcH" fm!oa.,sl" udOH yd isú,a iudc ixúOdk we;=¿ wxY iu. lghq;= lrñka ,o w;aoelSï u; ieliQ l%shdldrï ie,eiaulg wkqj g%dkaiafmarkais bkagkeIk,a Y%S ,xld wdh;kh lghq;= lrñka mj;S' wdh;kfha l%shdldß;ajh cd;sl" m<d;a" fm!oa.,sl" isú,a iudc" fukau mqrjeishka uQ,sl lr.ksñka b;d ilS%hj l%shd;aul fõ' wjfndaOhlska hq;=j md,kh flfrys ck;djf.a iyNd.S;ajh jeä lsÍug;a" mqyqKqj" yelshdjka j¾Okh fukau oekqu ;=<ska hym;a fiajdjka we;s lsÍug;a" ¥IKhg tfrysùu ;=< iqms<smka rgla ìys lsÍu tys b,lalhka w;r fõ'

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