CLERKENWELL COLUMBARIUM Tomasz Owsianka 000778999-8 Course: Architectural Design 3: ARCT-1041 & ARCT-1042 Course Co-ordinator: Max Dewdney Tutors: Ned Scott + Georgios Loizos 23.05.2018
Scenario 1: Replace 1 Plank at Each Interval
Original Ship T=0
T=1000
Scenario 2: Reuse 1 Plank at Each Interval to built Exact Replica
Scenario 1:
Scenario 2:
Scenario 3:
The ship @ T<500
is The Ship Of Theseus (with some Replicated Parts)
@ T<500
is
Original Ship of Theseus + A Set of Original Parts
The ship @ T=500
is Half Replica, Half Original Ship of Theseus
@ T=500
is
2 Sets of Original Parts
The ship @ T>500
is A Replica (with some Original Parts)
@ T>500
is
Set of Parts from Original + reassembled Ship Of Theseus
The ship @ T=1000 is A Full Replica
London 400AD
T=500
T=2
T=1
@ T=1000 is
Clerkenwell 1720
S1
+
S2
The Ship Of Theseus
Clerkenwell 1756
Clerkenwell 1805
The Ship Of Theseus + Palimpsest + the Restoration and Preservation of Clerkenwell The Ship of Theseus Paradox is a accurate metaphor for the evolution and development of cities. It also illustrates the attitude towards the brief of Palimpsest.
Clerkenwell 2015
Parcel Office, south-west corner, following bomb damage, showing steel-framed lavatory wing; highlevel walkway to letter office beyond
Mount Pleasant Sorting Office. Parcel Office, north-east corner, c. 1910
Clerkenwell Aggregate Bomb Census 7th Oct 1940 to 6th June 1941
WWII Bomb Sites in Clerkenwell Map showing an aggregate of bombs landed during the Second World War in the area of Clerkenwell, featuring the Project Site of Mount PLeasant, the Royal Mail Sorting Office, one of the most important sites in the area, and one which was heavily damanged in the th bombing raids. The bombing of London during the Second World War was a major event in the cityĘźs history, identity, evolution. It is therefore a starting point and catalyst for the Clerkenwell Columbarium.
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Clerkenwell Derivé
Key Postbox WWII Bomb Site Fragment taken at Bomb Site Derivé Path with Overvation25m Radius Link to Closest Postbox
Context Map
The Derivé undertaken used Post Boxes and WWII bomb sites as starting points and subsequent landmarkers for the journey. The diagram describes a link between the Post Boxes and WWII bomb sites and ideantifies the Mount Pleasant Sorting Centre as a key point of interest.
Clerkenwell
1
4
2
7 5
3
8 6
9
Catalogue of Scanned Fragments
Context Map
These nine fragments were 3D scanned from the vicinities of WWII bomb sites from around the Key Point Of Interest: Mount Pleasant Mail Sorting Office
Moun t Pleas ant
1
8
3
9
2
4 7
Mount Pleasant Proximity
5 6
Fragment Detail 1:10 Detail drawing of one of the scanned frogments focusing of texture.
Metal Frame
Windows & Arches
Doors
Columns
Walls
Gates
Stairs & Stoops Concrete Slab
Collage: Types of Thresholds The Threshold is a key concept in architectural design and the experience of architecture; the Clerkenwell Columbarium celebrates and each type of threshold.
DESIGN DRIVER ONE: WWII Bomb Sites as Key Points of Interest The conceptual collage shows the present day building being scanned by automated drones, with the overlay of the damage casued by the WWII bomb dropped on this location in 1940. The identified WWII Bomb Sites act as Points of Preservation; in their proximity, architectural details (which would be lost if the same damage occured now) will be scanned to be replicated and preserved.
Context Map
Moun t Pleas ant
Mount Pleasant Proximity
DESIGN DRIVER TWO: Sorting and Archiving Inspired by the Mount Pleasant Royal Mail Sorting Office, the Architectural Fragments will be sorted, organised, and moved in simlar ways.
DESIGN DRIVER THREE: Automation The need for human labour is being erroded by Artifitial Inteligence and Automated Machinery, the Clerkenwell Columbarium embraces these concepts to work within the building as well as during its construction.
Site
Calthrope Street
1 - South Western Parking Entrance
1 Postal Museum
Sunken Carpark prospective Project Building Site
2 Farringdon Road
Phoenix Place
Gough
Street
2 - North Eastern Parking Entrance
Pheonix Place Mount Pleasant Mail Sorting Office
3 - Eastern Post Ofice Facade
Exmouth Market
3 ue
r
be
se Ro
4 - Southern Corner of Mt. Pleasant and Pheonix Place
n ve yA
4 Site Plan Map showing the Mount Pleasant Mail Sorting Office, the Project Site located in the car park of Mt. Pleasant, and proximate buildings, as well as site photos of the Sorting Office and Project site.
1:1000 @ A2 0m 10m 20m 30m 40m 50m
Clerkenwell
PROPOSED Clerkenwell Columbarium
1885 - Birdʼs-eye view of prison at its greatest extent
1896 - Mount Pleasant Sorting Office, block plan
1943 - Parcel Office, south-west corner, following bomb damage
2001 to PRESENT - Mount Pleasant Sorting Office
PROPOSED - Phase 2 of Residential Development
Site History The time line shows how the Project Site has changed throughout history as well as the proposed development and the Design Project interrupting the completion of the development after ‘Phase 2ʼ.
PROPOSED - Completed Residential Development
Clerkenwell Connections to Site
Key Mail Rail Project Site Piccadilly Line Northern Line Circle Line Hammersmith & City Line Metroplitan Line Thameslink
Central Line Great Northern Walking Distance 5/10mins Bus Numbers: 46, 17, 45 Bus Numbers: 19, 341, 38 Bus Numbers: 243, 55, 19 Bus Numbers: 63
The map shows all possible connections to the site of Mount Pleasant including London Underground, buses and the subterranean tunnel system formerly utilised by Royal Mail.
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St re e
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PROJECT SITE
1 - 4 STOREYS
RESIDENTIAL
4 - 8 STOREYS
COMMERTIAL
8 - 12 STOREYS
CULTURAL
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PROJECT SITE
Rose b
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BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
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BUILDING HEIGHTS
BUILDING HEIGHTS
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BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
Analysis of Buildings Surrounding The Project Site The two diagram plans describe the buildings adjacent to the project site, this will inform the design of the project building and attitude towards the project site.
FOOD & DRINK PUBS
Clerkenwell
7 8
6
1 3
4 2 5
1 - THE FOUNDLING MUSEUM
PROJECT SITE ARCHIVES
2 - CHARLES DICKENS MUSEUM
3 - THE POSTAL MUSEUM
4 - MOUNT PLEASANT MAIL SORTING CENTRE
5 - MARX MEMORIAL LIBRARY & WORKERSʼ SCHOOL
6 - LONDON METROPOLITAN ARCHIVES
7 - ISLINGTON MUSEUM
8 - URBAN LOCKER SELF STORAGE
Forms of Archives Around Clerkenwell An exporation of the ‘archiveʼ building typology in the Clerkenwell area. Museums and Libraries are depositories of objects and infromation and act as archives.
Clerkenwell
2004 - 127 cars 8
Letter Volume Growth Economic and Household Growth
6
25
25
2
20
20
0
15
-2
15
10
-4 -6 -8
Total of Offices
4
Annual Total (Billions)
% Per Annum
2015 - 78 cars
2009 - 92 cars
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
LETTER VOLUME VS ECONOMIC GROWTH
2003
2006
2009
10
5 0
5
1919
1929
1939
1949
1959
1969
1979
LETTERS DELIVERED BY ROYAL MAIL
1989
1999
2009
Postal Decline - Identifiting the Project Site The images show that the carpark of the Mount Pleasant Mail Sorting Office has been utilised less and less through out the years which suggests using the Pit of the carpark as a site for the Project Building wonʼt interfere with the operations of the Sorting Office. This is supported by the data showing a decrease in the total levels of operation of Royal Mail.
0
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
NUMBER OF POST OFFICES
Precedents
Archived Drawings of Mt. Pleasant in the Postal Museum Archives
Original Plan Drawing highlighting the different conveyors.
Original Plan Drawing highlighting the different conveyors.
Postal Archive Visit - Precedent Conveyor System Analysis The Mount Pleasant Royal Mail Sorting Office used an complex conveyor system to move mail and packages through the building. This is a 3D modelled representation of the conveyor system. Colours denote the desitation and type of packages.
Postal Archive Visit - Precedent Conveyor System Analysis and Design The Mount Pleasant Royal Mail Sorting Office used an complex conveyor system to move mail and packages through the building. Having analysed the precedent, a conveyor system was designed to: 1. Facilitate the construction of the building and 2. Transport the Fragements through the building.
PRECEDENT: Journey of the Letter
Posting
Pick Up
Disorganised Transfer
Culler Facer Canceller Machine: Sorts into 1st Class; 2nd Class; Oversized
Inteligent Letter Sorting Machine: Reads post code, Prints unique barcode + Compact Sequence Sorting Machine: Sorts into order of delivery
Organised Transfer
Organise
Distribution
RESPONSE: Journey of the Fragment
Identifing + Scanning
Gallery: Displaying
UPLOADING + ANALYSING
Cast Court 1: Uploading Scan
Cast Court 2: 3D Printing
Cast Court 3: Coating / Dissolving
Cast Court 3: Drip Drying
Cast Court 4: Framing
Cast Court 5: Storing
Forum: Voting
ExtErior FramE: Archiving
Identifying Processes and Spaces Using Mount Pleasant Royal Mail Sorting Office as precedent and having identified processes in the sorting and organising mail, an analogous sequence of events was developed to deal with scanned and replicated architectural fragments. The processes dictate the spaces.
Design
Development
recePtion
~25m2
teSting room
diSPlaY ~900m2
~600m2
Forum ~2000m2
FaBrication laBoratorY
BacKroom ~900m2
~1000m2
Sorting ~800m2
SUPERVISORʼS living QuarterS
~4000m2
~20m2
arcHive
~200m2
receiving
PUBLIC PUBLIC VIEW, NO ACCESS PRIVATE
Spaces, Precedents, and General Arrangement Identified spaces, their precedents, and proximate required floor space area. They are roughly connected or overlapped to convey connections between the spaces and progression through them.
Techniques of Presenting Artefacts: The V&A Cast Courts The artefacts are arranged densely on the walls and on the display floor. There is an effort to present the artefacts themselves CitĂŠ de lâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Architecture et du Patrimoine sef
Techniques of Preserving Artefacts: The V&A Cast Courts Artefacts are protected during transit and storing by being encased in a light-weight frame.
Fragment Display The Clekernwell Columbarium aims to celebrate both sides of the fragments and how they are created. Fragments are mounted on a metal frame, then placed on concrete 3D Printed display stands.
Caption Text
First Iteration Massing
Key Public Public View, No Access Private
Calthrope Street
Rosebery Avenue
Farringdon Road
Phoenix Place
Scale 1:1000 Conveyor SyStem
0 5m 10m
25m
First Iteration Plan 50m
FragmantS
1:500 @ A2 0m
5m
10m 15m 20m 25m
Mount Pleasant
First Iteration Long Section
1:200 @ A2
CONVEYOR SYSTEM FRAGMANTS
Mount Pleasant
Repair + Suplies
Forum
Gallery Sorting + Manufacturing
Storing
Workshop
Research Labs
Gate
Second Iteration: Plan on Site
Cross Section: Forum and Gallery Design
Long Section: Procession from Entrance to Forum
Tallest in the London
Walls
Tallest in the World
+22.5m
6m - Roman Wall
40m - Buland Darwaza, India
8.5m (16m to top) - Admiralty Arch
22.5m
Doors
Gates
19m - The Western Wall, Israel
+0m (Ground Level) 140m - NASA, USA
6.5m - St. Pauls Cathedral
-3.75m
m
Windows
15
15
m
20m - The Resurrection Cemetery in Justice, USA
6m - Private Residence Typical Cast Court
Fragments Informing Cast Court Design Looking at some of the largest architectural Thresholds from around the world and in London will inform the dimensions of the Cast Courts necessary, and influence the scale of the building spaces. Although the Clerkenwell Columbarium will initially operate on within the confines of Clerkenwell, London, it is important to identify the largest possible fragments to give a relative reference point and inform the scale of the project if scaled to encompass other countries or continents.
Third Iteration Cross Section: Highlighting Column Grid and 3D Printed Fragments
1:200 @ A2
Third Iteration Cross Section
1:200 @ A2
CONVEYOR SYSTEM FRAGMANTS
Mount Pleasant
PUBLIC vs PRIVATE
IN vs OUT
PUBLIC vs PRIVATE and IN vs OUT Zone Diagrams
Key Private Public
Indoors Outdoors (exposed) Outdoors (covered)
Diagrams showing the different areas of the building and site and the design approach to them.
Original Scanned Fragment
Traced Simplifing Drawing
Beginning to suggest Steps and Orientation
Democratic Fragment Selection Forum The process of curating the Gallery within the Clerkenwell Columbarium is â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;automatedĘź by being outsourced to the to public sphere. The preservation of architectural will be an transparent cooperative proccess. Visitors discuss and vote on whether fragments should be displayed and preserved within the building or moved to the outdoor archive, left to be slowly erroded by the elements and time itself. The design of the forum originates with the form and monolithic nature of the Church Arch Scanned Fragment.
Arranging Seating, Focul Point, and Circulation
1885 - Birdʼs-eye view of Coldbath Fields Prison
1885 - Coldbath Fields Prison Plan
11500mm
7800mm
900mm
1885 - Front view of Prison Gate
470mm
5800mm
600mm
3600mm
1200mm
1885 - Prison Gate Dimentions
The Artefact Gate The Artefact Gate is an ode to the former entrance gate of the Coldbath Fields Prison which was preserved and intergrated into the first postal office after the prisonʼs demolition. Based on the original gates proportions, entrance gate of the Clerkenwell Columbarium is an open form of archive, wearing itʼs display pieces as a celebration, rather than hiding them away.
Cast Court 1: Hologram Room This space offers visitors the chance to see fragments that have been scanned, but not yet physically replicated, as a hologramic projection. The sunken nature of the Cast Court Basements lends itself to the lighting conditions required.
Design
Resolution and
Proposition
Postal Museum
Pho
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12. Mount Pleasant Royal Mail Sorting Office Crown Plaza Hotel
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3.
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Calthorpe Stre
5.
11.
6.
8.
8. 4. 1.
Mount Pleasant Royal Mail Post Office
7.
Farringdon Road
1. Main Entrace - Artefact Gate
7. Street Level 0
2. Glass Roof Panels
8. Exposed Archive Level - 1
3. Metal Roof Panels
9. Gallery Level -1.5
4. Conveyor Rail - with robotic arm for moving printed fragments between Cast Courts
10. Cast Court Level -2
5. Printed Fragments
12. Forum Levels -1.5 to +1 public selction of Fragments to be diplayed
6. Concre Super-Structure
11. Triple Glazing
13. Utility Access ramp
AMENDED DRAWING: Roof Plan With Context 1:500 @ A1 0m
5m
10m 15m 20m 25m
Calthorpe Street
13. 6.
7.
Pho enix Plac e
5.
15. 11.
8.
10.
12. 16.
Farringdon Road
9.
3.
4.
2.
1.
13. 14.
Mount Pleasant Royal Mail Sorting Office
1. Cast Court 1: Hologram Previewing 1a. Research Office 1b. Drone Docking Station
8. Main Entrance Gate - Artefact Gate
14. Conveyor Rail - with robotic arm for moving printed fragments between Cast Courts
9. Lobby and security
15. Printed Fragments
2. Cast Court 2: 3D Printing
10. Grand Staircase
16. Access Ramp - Staff Entrance, Deliveries, Emergency Exit no. 3.
3. Cast Court 3: Cleaning and Drying
5. Cast Court 5: Testing
11. Gallery Space - Displaying and Public Archiving 11a. 3D Printed Insert: Display Podiums 11b. Visitor CafĂŠ 11c. Public Toilets 11d. Bookstore
6. Cast Court 6: Framing
12. Public Forum - Democratic Voting, Selecting, and Sorting
7. Cast Court 7: Storing
13. Exposed Archive Level - 1
4. Cast Court 4: Repairing
AMENDED DRAWING: Ground Level Plan: Public Realm + Open Cast Courts 1:200 @ A1
0m
2.5m
1.875m 3.75m
5m
10m
7.5m
15m
20m
7. Cast Court 7: Storing
6. Cast Court 6: Framing
5. Cast Court 5: Testing
7a. 3D Printed Insert: Storing Racks 7b. Maintenance Access Tunnel 7c. Fragments ready for display
6a. 6b. 6c. 6d. 6e. 6f.
5a. 5b. 5c. 5d. 5e. 5f. 5g.
3D Printed Insert: Rotating Printing Podiums Automated Metal Works Robots 3D Printed Insert: Storage Rack and raw metal materials Maintenance tracks Maintenance Access Tunnel Fumes Extractor
Filament Spool User programmed 3D printer 3D Printed Insert: Rotating printing podiums 3D Printed Insert: Tool Racks and benches Maintenance tracks Maintenance Access Tunnel Emergency Exit no. 2
6e.
6c. 5f.
5.
7c.
5e. 6b.
6a.
6b.
5b.
7a. 12.
7b.
5c.
5d.
5a.
7a.
12.
7c.
6f.
6d.
Cast Court 7: Storing
5d.
Cast Court 6: Framing
12.
Cast Court 5: Testing
5g.
5f.
13.
10.
8.
11.
10. 15.
11. 14. Cast Court 4: Repairing
Cast Court 2: 3D Printing
Cast Court 3: Cleaning and Drying
Cast Court 1: Hologram Previewing
9. 4a.
3c. 3a.
1b. 1d. 1c.
3b.
4d.
2c.
12. 4f.
2a.
2b.
2d.
1a.
4b.
4e.
2e.
12.
3f.
3e.
12.
1g.
4c. 4d.
3d.
1e.
1f.
8. Main Entrance - (Level 0)
4. Cast Court 4: Repairing
3. Cast Court 3: Cleaning and Drying
2. Cast Court 2: 3D Printing
1. Cast Court 1: Hologram Previewing
9. Access Ramp - Staff Entrance, Deliveries, Emergency Exit no. 3.
4a. 4b. 4c. 4d. 4e. 4f.
3a. 3b. 3c. 3d. 3e. 3f.
2a. 2b. 2c. 2d. 2e.
1a. Visitor Stairs from Gallery Level 1b. Hologram Projectors 1c. 3D Printed Insert: Projection Podiums 1d. Holographic projection 1e. Maintenance Access Stairs to upper levels 1f. Maintenance Access Tunnel 1g. Visitor Lift
10. Conveyor Rail - with robotic arm for moving printed fragments between Cast Courts 11. Printed Fragments 12. Metal Floor Panels 13. Pre-existing Soil 14. Gallery Space (Level -1.5) 15. Grid Layout (3.75m or 7.5m spacing)
Filament Spools Automated 3D printer robots Maintenance Robots 3D Printed Insert: Storage Rack Maintenance tracks Maintenance Access Door
3D Printed Insert: Rainwater collection tank with Filter 3D Printed Insert: PVA dissolving/ Cleaning tank Printed Fragments with PVA structural supports Cleaned Fragments 3D Printed Insert: Drying Rack Maintenance Access Tunnel
Filament Spool Automated 3D printer 3D Printed Insert: Rotating printing podiums Maintenance tracks Printed Fragments with PVA structural supports
0m
AMENDED DRAWING: Level -2 Plan: Cast Courts 1-7 - Excavated Spaces 1:200 @ A1 2.5m
1.875m 3.75m
5m
10m
7.5m
15m
20m
16.
20.
16.
17. 6.
17. 4.
4.
4.
16.
2.
16.
12. 22.
5.
15.
12.
15.
5. 3.
7.
1.
7.
5.
7.
14.
15.
16.
14.
5. 5.
8. 19.
8. 19.
9.
11.
11.
Key Features of Cast Court 3:
6. Steel Super-Structure
14. Inside
1. Water Tank - dissolving excess material from printing process.
7. Street Level 0
15. Double Glazing
8. Exposed Archive Level - 1
16. Triple Glazing
9. Gallery Level -1.5
17. Insulated Roof Panels
10. Cast Court Level -2
18. Pile and Raft Hybrid Foundation
11. Metal Floor Panels
19. 3D Printed Retaining Walls
12. Connection Points
20. 3D Printed Concrete Columns
13. Outside
21. Mount Pleasant Mail Sorting Office
2. Rainwater Collection Tank with built-in water filter. 3. Drying Rack - drip-drying printed fragments. 4. Conveyor Rail - moving printed fragments between Cast Courts 5. Printed Fragments
22. Crown Plaza Hotel 23. Calthorpe Street
7.
0m
AMENDED DRAWING: Cross Section 1:200 @ A1
2.5m
1.875m 3.75m
5m
10m
7.5m
15m
20m
9.
4.
15.
5c.
1.
14.
6.
7.
2.
8. 11.
12.
12.
5a.
13.
5a. 5b.
9.
0m
NEW DRAWING: Public Forum Section 1:100 @ A1 2.5m
1.875m
5m
3.75m
1. Cast Court 3: Water Tank dissolving excess material from printing process.
6. Steel Super-Structure
2. Cast Court 3: Rainwater Collection Tank with built-in water filter.
8. Raised Walkway Level - 1
3. Drying Rack - drip-drying printed fragments.
10. Triple Glazing
4. Conveyor Rail - moving printed fragments between Cast Courts 5. Printed Fragments 5a. Diplayed on 3D printed Stands 5b. Being Voted on by Vistors 5c. Moving to Archive
7.5m
7. Street Level 0
9. Gallery Level -1.5
11. 3D Printed Retaining Walls 12. 3D Printed Concrete Column 13. 3D Printed Concrete Seating 14. 3D Printed Concrete Arches Seperating the Public and Private Realms 15. Mount Pleasant Mail Sorting Office
10m
3.
5.
1. 15. 9.
6.
17. 4. 20.
11.
21.
12.
13.
14.
13c.
2.
19.
13b.
18.
16. 13a. 7.
10. 10.
8. 22.
1. Mount Pleasant Post Office
15. Insulated Roof Panels
2. Entrance Gate (Street/ Level 0)
9. Conveyor Rail - moving printed fragments between Cast Courts, the forum, and into the Gallery
3. Fragments on Artefact Gate
10. Public Forum
17. Mount Pleasant Mail Sorting Office
4. Steel Frame
11. Cast Court 1
18. Pheonix Place
5. Concrete Super-Structure
12. Cast Court 2
19. Postal Museum
6. Conveyor Rail and Robotic Arm
13. Cast Court 3 13a. Water Tank 13b. Rainwater Collection Tank 13c. Drying Rack
20. Residential Buildings
7. Entrance Staircase 8. Gallery Level -1.5
14. Cast Court 4
16. Exposed Archive Level - 1
21. Farringdon Street 22. Pile and Raft Hybrid Foundation
0m
AMENDED DRAWING: Rendered Long Section 1:200 @ A1 2.5m
1.875m 3.75m
5m
10m
7.5m
15m
20m
Postal Museum
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NEW DRAWING: EXPLODED HYBRID ISOMETRIC DRAWING (East) Without Cast Courts: Showing Rendered 3D Printed Concrete Base, Stairs, Forum, and Columns , as well as 3D Printed Fragments juxtoposed with the lightweight Steel Frame and Roof along with Glass Panels. Also visible are Mount Pleasant Mail Sorting Office and surrounding residential buildings.
Mount Pleasant Mail Sorting Office
Mount Pleasant Post Office
0m
2.5m 1.875m 3.75m
5m
1:200 @ A0 10m
7.5m
15m
20m
North-East Isomentric View
Street Approach Exterior View
Entrance Exterior View
Gallery Interior View