ARCHITECTURE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT TOMÁS VILLA ARANGO
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SEMESTER
SEMESTER
SEMESTER
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PORTFOLIO
CURRICULUM VITAE STUDIES / LANGUAGES / PERSONAL INFO
PERSONAL INFORMATION EDUCATION ADITIONAL EDUCATION LABORAL EXPERIENCE HONORS AND AWARDS LANGUAGES EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES COMPUTER SKILLS
TOMÁS VILLA ARANGO ADITIONAL EDUCATION 2007 – 2010 Institution: Deutsche Schüle Medellín, Itagüí, Colombia. Title: International baccalaureate Degree (IB). Institution: Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana (UPB), Facultad de Arquitectura y Diseño, Medellín, Colombia. WORKSHOP - CASA ENCUENTRA FUTURO March, 2013 Professor: Laura Espinadel
LABORAL EXPERIENCE PERSONAL INFORMATION Date of birth: Place of birth: Civil status: E-mail: Address:
Company: LA CENTRAL - oficina de arquitectura Collaboration for the public contest PLAZA DE LA HOJA, Bogota, Colombia, March 2013. Collaboration for the private contest CIAT GENEBANK, Palmira, Colombia, Sptember 2014.
February 10th 1992 Medellín, Colombia Single tomas_villa_92@hotmail.com tomas.villa@alfa.upb.edu.co calle 24 sur # 38 - 05 casa 180 Envigado, Colombia Colombia (+57) 314 602 0664 Colombia (+57) (4) 313 9177
HONORS AND AWARDS Honorable Mention for: "Für besonders gute Leistung i m Fach D eutsch als Fremdsprache im Jahr 2004" Deutsche Schule German School of Medellin. Honorable Mention for: " His overall performance: academic, athletic a nd social" Deutsche Schule German School of Medellin.
EDUCATION
Three Honorable Mention - Best academic project - Taller de Proyectos 3, 6 and 7 Intitution: Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana (UPB), Facultad de Arquitectura y Diseño, Medellín, Colombia.
2011 - Present Institution: Universidad P ontificia Bolivariana (UPB), Facultad d e Arquitectura y Diseño, Medellín, Colombia. Title: Architect. GPA: 4.43 / 5 Expected graduation date: December 2016
LANGUAGES
1996 – 2010 Institution: Deutsche Schule Medellín, Itagüí, Colombia. Title: High School General Degree.
Spanish: native German: Dutsches Sprachdiplom - Level C1 English: TOEIC - Total score: 805 - 29-Oct-2009 French: DELF - level A1 - Score: 89.00 / 100
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00 EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES
COMPUTR SKILLS
Culture Electric Guitar – Yamaha Musical School
Autocad
Flute, Trombone and choir – Deutsche Schüle Medellín
Sketchup
Oil Painting, Chinese Ink P ainting ( basic courses) – D eutsche Schüle Medellín
Vray for Sketchup Revit Architecture
Expressive Drawing - Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana
Photoshop
Clay Craft - Escuela Gloria Villa
Social
Sports
Illustrator
2 times elected student representative at the student council CECAM. Institution: Deutsche Schüle Medellín, Itagüí, Colombia. Description: representative of class students in the academic and cultural decisions of the school.
ArcGis
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Basketball 5 first places in youth state championships. 3 second places in youth state championships. 5 times member of the Antioquia´s state team. 2 second places in youth National championships. Member of Bayer 04 Leverkusen team in 2008 (GERMANY) Diving Open water diver-PADI #09050J0169 High Jump – Track and Field 3 second places in youth state championships. 1 silver medal in The HUMBOLDT SPIELEN (Guayaquil) Volleyball 2 first places in youth state scholar championships.
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COLLECTIVE HOUSING COLLECTIVE FACADES
PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL CONTEXT APPROACH Cultural opportunities PROJECTUAL AIM Basic concept Panoramic from Park Juanes de la Paz Shaping the idea - Responding to contextual conditions URBAN INTENTIONS Transversal elevation Second floor plan (Acces to the ITM receiving square) Facade BUILDING INTENTION Typical livinng floor plan Visuals of the project HOUSING TYPOLOGIES Argument Plan Typologie 1 Plan Typologie 2 (first level) Plan Typologie 2 (second level) Circulation and common areas Visual from the balconies - configuring a grandstand to the square Spatiality inside the living modules Comercial use plan - first floor
COLLECTIVE HOUSING
VIVIENDA COLECTIVA
PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL CONTEXT APPROACH
Panoramic from Park Juanes de la Paz
Cultural opportunities
behaviors reflect close coexistence need to project outward
The neighborhood street is identified as the main space for the social dynamics, becoming an area attached to the living spaces set inside the housing area. This condition is identified explicitly in actions or rather habits (because of its daily manifestation), like leaving the doors open or spending hours on the balconies watching the activities that take place in the street. These behaviors reflect not only a predilection for close coexistence, but also a need to project outward. However these habits so marked in the neighborhoods of lower strata could also be seen as a concequense of their poor housing conditions, what lead them to search in the street a more pleasant space, causing a more forceful appropriation of public spaces. Nevertheless the street (sidewalks and driveways), in our context, is rarely planned giving priority to pedestrians, therefore this spaces do not have appropriate conditions for social development.
PROJECTUAL AIM Basic concept
spaces generating neighborhood
In line with the above considerations, the proposed project is based on propose the facades the building as the new neighborhood streets. It is intended to develop in the most superficial part of its volume spaces that become the cause, that generate neighborhood social dynamics. This would be achieved through the design of the facade as a surface sectioned through the multiple levels (plants) of the building, where a continuous circulation is conceived with the idea of guiding the user through semi-private and private public spaces that encourage spontaneous encounters (unplanned) with its neighbors, proving a planned development of coexistence.
Shaping the idea - Responding to contextual conditions 1
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INITIAL VOLUME
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SURFACE DEVELOPMENT To av. 63
x 48 HOUSING MODULES (50m2)
ISOLATE housing from the noise
Linear array following the direction of the
CONTAIN a hosting space to the
slope curves.
park.
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LA FACHADA ES COLECTIVA
Localization plan
To ITM
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LEVELING SQUARE
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STAIRS AND ELEVATORS BLOCK
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GRANDSTAND STRUCTURE
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FACADE TO STREET 63
TERRACING SYSTEM down to the square that receives
Partially underground parking, allowing grading and a
On each floor are stairs modules provided, locating the
A set of GRANDSTAND TYPE COLUMNS are proposed
MICROPERFORATED facade that acts as THERMAL AND
the ITM users, allowing the light entrance and generating
covered terrace above these.
vertical movility inside the building on a regular way,
which through their movement generate gaps and
SOUND INSULATION is proposed, allowing however the
promoting the insulation of homes to the street.
common rooms.
visual into the valley.
SEMIPRIVATE AREAS.
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VIVIENDA COLECTIVA
URBAN INTENTIONS
Panoramic from Park Juanes de la Paz
CONTAIN a reception space towards the park. TERRACING descending into the public square that recives the pedestrian flow from the ITM (Institute of Technology Medellin). Allowing THE ENTER OF LIGHT into the square and the public corridor. Propose a PUBLIC SQUARE isolated from the street by change of levels. Make PROGRESSIVE TERRAIN LEVELING through small squares, that can generate a route through SEMIPUBLIC SPACES for staying, causing social interactions in the interior of the block.
Panoramic from Park Juanes de la Paz
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LA FACHADA ES COLECTIVA
Panoramic from Park Juanes de la Paz
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VIVIENDA COLECTIVA
BUILDING INTENTION
Typical livinng floor plan
Generate COMMON AREAS ALONG THE INTERNAL CIRCULATION of building to dynamic the interaction between occupants and supply spatial needs of the housing units. Develop INTERPOLATED EMPTIES through the common areas of the corridors, that generate spatial and lighting atmospheres, which incite the use of these spaces. Set the BALCONIES of the living moduleshaving a view to the square located in the front of the building. Like a GRANDSTAND IN FRONT OF A STAGE. Develop a MODULE OF BATHS (showers) per floor that allows a better use of the areas inside the living modules. Propose at the first floor a DOUBLE HEIGHT SPACE WITH COMMERCIAL USE as a complement for the basic needs of the students occupying the building
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LA FACHADA ES COLECTIVA
Visuals of the project
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VIVIENDA COLECTIVA
HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
Plan Typologie 1
Argument
eliminate divisions maximize lighting obtention
Due to the modular grouping of the living modules and the rectangular dimensions of the lot, the possibility of generating openings in the side of the modules is restricted. Therefore it is decided to eliminate the possibility of horizontal divisions (internal walls) within the typologies, in order to maximize natural lighting obtained through the front and rear facades. This commitment, however, decrease the possibility of developing spaces within the living modules with variability of privacy. In light of this the housing typologies are proposed with different spaces according to their privacy, by slopes, allowing light to enter to all interior spaces without losing their visual isolation. Moreover homes are designed to be used by students, due to the proximity and demand ITM. According to this two types of house are developed, wich divide the inside space into three diferenced areas. One of the Typologies is conceived to be occupied by a single student, while the second one by beeing duplex allows to be used by 2 students. In addition to this, this tipology is planned to be located on the second floor with direct access to the internal square of the block, What allows the possibility of proposing an extra space inside the home for productive use, to generate an additional income to afford this house with larer areas.
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LA FACHADA ES COLECTIVA
Plan Typologie 2 (first level)
Plan Typologie 2 (second level)
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VIVIENDA COLECTIVA
Circulation and common areas
Spatiality inside the living modules
Visual from the balconies - configuring a grandstand to the square
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LA FACHADA ES COLECTIVA
Comercial use plan - first floor
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WORKSHOP WOOD CLOUDS
PERGOLA INSIDE THE CULTURE HOUSE / SAN VICENTE DE FERRER
GENERAL ARGUMENT OF THE WORKSHOP PHASE 1 - CONTEXT RECOGNITION Material and social cycle - Wood PHASE 2 - COLLECTIVE INTELLIGENCE - AUTHOR ARCHITECTURES Forest Pavillion nARCHITECTS Schemes of study of architectural proposal Survey of implied relationships in the project PHASE 3 - WOOD CLOUDS PROPOUSED IN SAN VICENTE FERRER Intervention site survey - Justification Planimetric survey Design process Map of variables that affect the project Argument of the proposal Planimetric drawings PHASE 4 - WOOD CLOUDS CONSTRUCTION Prices Picture from the finished project construction
WORKSHOP WOOD CLOUDS
WORKSHOP
GENERAL ARGUMENT OF THE WORKSHOP
proyect confluence interaction forces mineral, organic and social
We understand the architectural project as a confluence and interaction of various minerals, organic and social forces and suggest this course to approach them through the study of material cycles and current, traditional and contemporary architectures. Therefore we will be visiting some places of mining or industrial exploitation and the phenomena network that emerge from them, looking over the construction of various architectures made with immunized wood and study the building technichal drawings.
Phase # 1: Material and social cycles of San Vicente Ferrer Phase # 2: Collective intelligence, authorarchitectures Phase # 3: WOOD CLOUDS proposed in San Vicente Ferrer Phase # 4: WOOD CLOUDS is constructed
These work fronts give way to the work of architectural design, construction and editing. However to project is always a process of review and consultation, so the project design is implicit from the initial analysis. This process will allow us to do an approach to the world of construction with patula pine wood, to develop a small building 1/1 in the municipality of San Vicente Ferrer, which will be recorded and validated through its construction and use.
Material and social cycle - Wood
0101
03 03
CULTIVATION CULTIVATION
SPECIES SPECIES
02 02
MONTERIA MONTERIA SAWMILLS SAWMILLS CAQUETA CAQUETA ORIENTE ORIENTEANTIOQUEﾃ前 ANTIOQUEﾃ前 CHOCO CHOCO URABA URABA LaLaAvenida Avenida VIEJO VIEJOCALDAS CALDAS MaderasFinas Finas CORDOBA CORDOBA Maderas SUCRE SUCRE Comercializadora Comercializadora PUERTO PUERTOASIS ASIS dedemaderas maderas ANTIOQUIA ANTIOQUIA(PINTADA) (PINTADA) LLANOS LLANOSORIENTALES ORIENTALES SEGOVIA SEGOVIA TOLIMA TOLIMA
CONRADO CONRADO $320 mil/rastra mil/rastra TECA TECA$320 $170 mil/rastra mil/rastra SAPAN SAPAN$170 $170 $170 mil/rastra mil/rastra NAZARENO* NAZARENO* $170 mil/rastra mil/rastra ALGARROBO ALGARROBO$170
carpenter carpenter
$150-180 mil/rastra mil/rastra CEDRO CEDRO$150-180 LAUREL LAUREL$120-150 $120-150 mil/rastra mil/rastra
OSVALDO OSVALDO
CANELO CANELO$140 $140 mil/rastra mil/rastra $110-135 mil/rastra mil/rastra ROBLE ROBLE$110-135 mil/rastra mil/rastra PINO PINOCIPRES CIPRES$80$80 PINO PINOPATULA PATULA$35-40 $35-40 mil/rastra mil/rastra * Restringido * Restringido
The 4 stages of work will be crossed by visits and relations with the municipality of San Vicente Ferrer, in order to establish contacts, identify needs, an appropriate location, etc.
PHASE 1 - CONTEXT RECOGNITION
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04 04
USERS USERS
chivas chivas
RODRIGO RODRIGO trompos trompos
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NUBES DE MADERA
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06.1
PROCESS
FINAL PRODUCT
Maquina Cantedora Cepillo Circular Pulidora Ruteadora Radial de brazo Sinfin
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TRATAMIENTO
Furniture, windows doors
Apply insecticide to protect them from termite Seal for a good finish (not for protection) Varnish (several layers are required aporx. 6) Impranol (protects from the sun) 5L $200.000
Chiva body
Wood is sanded to create a smooth surface Water-based paint (viniltex) Iron molding to protect bodywork
Trompos
The trunk is shaped on the lathe using gouges Artistic designs that decorate the spin are developed
06.2
06.22
WASTE
small sawdust
Clean oil and pens (absorbs odor)
Gubias
coarse sawdust
Clean pigs or chickens
waste wood
Tauretes and crafts
Prensadora
The process i s continued o n a workshop hired b y Osvaldo, wehere t he artistic p ainting is done.
RECYCLING
Torno
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FINALIZACION DE PROCESO
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TRANSPORTE he t akes t he products t o or o ffers installation services a t the municipalities from R ionegro, Marinilla and Medellin. The truck is not included in the price, so t hat sometimes people retract buying. Left in stock and people come to buy
Giving away firewood
Workshop to build ladder buses (Chivas)
Actors
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A first aproach to the wood cycle is represented trough this diagram. Such material is analyzed from its cultivation in Colombia, the process of its transformation, and transportation until the completion of the final proyect ore product.
WORKSHOP
PHASE 2 - COLLECTIVE INTELLIGENCE - AUTHOR ARCHITECTURES
Schemes of study of architectural proposal
Forest Pavillion nARCHITECTS “nARCHITECTS’ Forest Pavilion - completed in May 2011 serves as a shaded meeting and performance space for visitors to the Da Nong Da Fu Forest and Eco-park in Hualien County, Taiwan. The project was conceived within the context of an art festival organized by Taiwan’s Forestry Bureau to raise public awareness of a new growth forest that is being threatened by development. The pavilion is comprised of eleven vaults built with freshly cut green bamboo, a material first used by nARCHITECTS in the internationally acclaimed 2004 Canopy for MoMA P.S.1. As an extension of techniques developed in 2004’s Canopy for MoMA/P.S.1, the 60’ diameter and 22’ tall pavilion is built with green bamboo. Forest Pavilion was chosen to host the opening and closing ceremonies of the art festival, becoming a focal point for the park.”
x 11
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NUBES DE MADERA
Survey of implied relationships in the project
High tensile strength Rapid growth lightweight Easy to harvest
It still "fresh/ young" during the construction to maintain its flexibility
Building experts with this material
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Cultural recognition
(BAMBOO)
03
THE AMIS
Introducing the building art with green bamboo
02 MATERIAL
CONSTRUCTORS
DESIGN
nARCHITECTS
REGIONAL PRODUCTION
01 LOCALIZATION GUANGOFU, HUALIEN, TAIWAN
PROCESS 05.1 Site preparation and foundation 05.2 Cutting of fresh bamboo and transportation 05.3 Installation of the main arches. 05.4 Installing mooring and cover bamboo. 05.5 Installing the w ooden deck
MEETING AND OBSERVATION POINT
FOREST PAVILLION
05 ARCHITECTURAL QUALITIES
PERMEABILITY GEOMETRIC PATTERN CULTURAL INTERPRETATION
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04 PROGRAM
Small outdoor theater; center ring serves as a seat for the spectators, but also as a circular stage
WORKSHOP
PHASE 3 - WOOD CLOUDS PROPOUSED IN SAN VICENTE FERRER Intervention site survey - Justification As intervention site for this workshop is the culture house of this town selected, specifically the backyard of the building. The main reason for taking the decision to intervene here is that although it represents one of the unique and major spaces for recreation, cultural or political manifestation of the population from San Vicente Ferrer, is in a high deterioration state. Furthermore, it is pretended to give life to a space that is very flexible in use and that was totally isolated and underutilized until today, fulfilling only the role of deposit. It is sought then to adapt a space in order to have comfort conditions that naturally promote new activities that encourage citizen interaction. Such as theater, cinema, music tests, reading, meetings, etc.
0
1
2
3
SECTION B-B’ 5
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NUBES DE MADERA
Planimetric survey - Visual of the lower town and the distant mountainous landscape of Eastern Antioquia.
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8
1
9
- Native vegetation that reduce solar gains of the space and mitigates cold drafts.
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- Slope that prevent the construction of an attached building in the future, which could enter in conflict with the activities of the yard.
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- The opening of the wall would allow the entry of natural lighting and ventilation for the house of culture, also allowing visual communication with the outside.
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- The yard itself is a reminder of the tradition of homes from the colonization process ocurred in Antioquia during the XIX century.
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1 Access hall 2 Library 3 Child lecture room 4 Yard 1 5 Yard 2 6 Auditorium 7 Deposit 8 Playground 9 Administration 10 Womens bathroom 11 Mens bathroom 12 Main yard
GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1 2 3 4 5
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- This yard, that receives a recidual minor use, is in constant contact with the other areas of the house, having a great potential as a central space.
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WORKSHOP
Design process
Map of variables that affect the projectproposal 02 possible enclosure (container) or grandstand SLOPE
LOCALIZATION 01 SAN VICENTE FERRER, ORIENTE ANTIOQUEﾃ前, ANTIOQUIA, COLOMBIA
FORMAL DETERMINING FACTORS - STRAIGHT ELEMENTS - ANGLES - ASSEMBLY
Cultural recognition
FIQUE
WOOD
CLOSURES
02 MATERIAL
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01 Lot for terracing as a transition between equipment buildings
- Zarro Cibotium spp. - Mortiﾃｱo Vaccinium corymbodendron Dunal.
Local production and processing
NATIVA
0
0
- Fique plant Furcraea andina - Nazareno Columnea sp. Gesneriaceae - Besleria sp. Gesneriaceae - Cleome speciosa Raf. Capparidaceae
PERGOLA
STONE
VEGETATION
0
PISOS
CONCRETE
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NUBES DE MADERA
03
Visual to the 04 Unique Green hill (church) Space within the municipal urbann01 Event Space (for sector tilts)
Relation with the exterior
02 Balcony to the square
LANDSCAPE
04 SPACES
rest and playgroung
02 Observation 05 Trompo practice
03 external classroom 04 Event scenario Reayuela Calle Figuras
from the eldership or independent houses
ELDERLY
Inconstant users in the morning and constant during the afternoon
06 USERS
From the College and homes
PERGOLA AS BOUNDARY OF OUTDOOR SPACES
02 Dinning room
01 Gathering
EVENT SPACE 02 01 04 05 02
01 Reception atrium
SCHOOL
Relation with the interior
02 04 03 01 02 03 01
04 Cconference or counseling space
03 RELACIÓN CON EL CONTEXTO
ELDERSHIP
STAY AREA
03 01 04 03 05 02
GRADUATING PERMEATION - Luminic - Visual - Ventilation
CHILDREN
¿HOW TO CREATE DIFERENCED SPACES THROUGH A PARGOLA?
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Through this diagram are physical, material, social and environmental variables recognized, that affect the project and determine its design.
Liking for meeting, chatting and watching
SCENARIO
03 Rest Area
MARKETPLACE
Relation with the interior
ACCOMPANYING PEOPLE
STRATEGIES
ADULTS MULTIPLE SLOPES
RELATED TO THE SQUARE SPETIAL DAYS SUNDAY WEDNESDAY
MULTIPLE HIGHTS
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TEACHERS PARENTS
SELLERS BUYERS WORKERS * SPEAKERS
ESPECIAL DAILY MOMENTS Breakfast of the students. Supervision of the game
WORKSHOP
Argument of the proposal The project aims to create a covered space for effective use of this yard. nevertheless it should generate a spatial richness that encourages ownership by the people of different ages and cultural groups of the municipality and conducive both the emergence of new activities and also allow permeability, maintaining the condition of an outdoor yard in essence and the visual to the exterior of the building. To satisfy this objective it is a pergola with volume richness designed. Volume that allows to give the sence of more stiffness and to generate a set of shadows playing with the stands of the stage. Additionally it is proposed a skin composed of wooden sticks to this “cloud�, that allows a partial view of the sky and gives life to the space trough the continuous movement of the shadows generated by the sunlight.
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NUBES DE MADERA
Planimetric drawings
A
B
1
2
3
PLAN
SECTION B-B’
SECTION B-B’ 0
1
2
3
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5
0
1
2
3
5
WORKSHOP
PHASE 4 - WOOD CLOUDS CONSTRUCTION
01
PERGOLA - Immunized wood structure 01.1 01.2 01.3
- Concrete Foundations - Anchoring elements and fittings - Immunized wood ceiling
Roof 3m x 1m 10 years warranty - Tile t ype polycarbonate P C standard trapezoidal fret with UV filter
02 RECOLECCIÓN DE AGUA
03 PISO DONATION FROM THE COMPANY CANTERAS DE LOS ANDES
04 MURO 04.1
04.2
Roundwood Ø 20cm - 12cm 10cm 1m x 0.3m x 0.3m + clavera Bolts and Nails Sleaved 4cm x 4cm
- Installation of the new deck canoe - Installation of the downspout
16’000.000
217.000
- Demolition of existing material - Construction of the stands, filled to Resize - Purchase of the stone Stone royal bronce de 15cm x - Purchase of the adhesion material - Installation - Finishing with acid
2’398.600
- Demolition of existing wall - Collection and transportation of debris - Construction o f the supporting concrete 8.8m x 0.2m x 0.5m beam - Stud of iron (structural support) 3cm x 3cm x 1.6m - Welding - Closing of modular wrought iron fence 1.10m x 1.30m Cubierta 2’125.000
05 ILUMINACIÓN - Installation of MT type pipe
Requirements according to - Purchase and i nstallation of t ubular RETIE standards ceiling luminaires
06 BASEAM DE
1’200.000
VIDEOBEAM
- Trypod buy
60.000
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06
NUBES DE MADERA
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PORTABLE HOUSING
COMPETITION PREMIO CORONA / PRO-HABITAT 2014 / RURAL HOUSING
GENERAL ISSUE GENERAL ISSUE Replicability PERTINENCE OF THE PROPOSAL Industrial process Tradition CONSTRUCTION PROCESS Spatiality MODULE VARIABILITY Adition Subdivition Sustraction Consolidation process HOUSING GROWTH Modular Autonomus METHODOLOGY EXAMPLE SHAPE AND BIOCLIMATIC REPLICABILITY GROUPING OF THE HOUSES TRANSPORT SELF BUILDING
PORTABLE HOUSING
VIVIENDA PORTABLE
GENERAL ISSUE
ISSUES
The rural context in Colombia, in general, has been emphatically marked in recent decades by displacement or migration to the cities because of the armed conflict and the lack of instruments that provides economic stability to the colombian peasant. This phenomenon lead to the emergence of informal settlements in the cities, the excessive densification of urban centers, countryside abandonment, the reduction of agricultural production, among others, consequently resulting in social, environmental and economic issues making an impact on all social levels and even nationally.
20km
TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION CONTEXT Poor condition of roads Travel distances up to 8 hours / 200km
$
High cost (70% of home value) Difficult achieving industrial materials Difficult achieving skilled workers
Among the most visible consequences are: the vulnerability of many communities by beeing located in risky areas, the increasing of the ecological footprint of cities due to high transportation costs (consumption of CO2) in search of food or supplies produced nearby the cities before and the discrimination and segregation of rural communities uprooted from their context and culture.
15km
Reduced accessibility
Total extention: 244 km²
10km
EL RETIRO, ANTIOQUIA
Municipal Center
Rural area: 242.5 km² Tº average: 16ºC Density: 65 hab/km²
In Antioquia, specifically,the problem seems obvious trough the indicators that place about 75% of the population in urban centers or towns, densifying excessively less than the 20% of the total area of Antioquia territory.
LA CEJA, ANTIOQUIA Municipal Center
The Housing Company of Antioquia VIVA, has achieved the development of numerous housing projects in the rural area, understanding this component as critical to the solution of contemporary problems. However its effectiveness has been compromised by the isolation in which much of the target communities are located. Describing them as “Remote Communities” refer not only to the long distances to get to these, but also to the difficulty of obtaining both material resources and qualified personnel necessary for the local housing construction. This condition
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CONCURSO PREMIO CORONA PRO-HABITAT 2014
of isolation is pragmatically translated into excessive transport and labor costs. About 30% of the budget destined for each house (70 minimum monthly legal wages) is invested in the transport of materials and an other equally high percentage is invested in workforce.
REPLICABILITY
But these actions are defined by legal, political and business conditions that ignore contextual opportunities, local constructive cultures and regional materials, which could improve the efficiency of projects and make a more effective use of resources. Construction using materials, missnamed traditional, such as concrete block, brick, cement, etc., despite having high commercial efficiency in the process of industrial production, involves higher costs in the subsequent processes of transport, handling and construction and contributes to a environmental degradation greater than building techniques of cultural traditions alived in each community. Which employ mostly contextual materials such as land. In general, Colombia is a country with a wide range of constructive cultures, among which stand out the adobe, bamboo construction, the earth construction (baharque y tapia) and the wood construction. However it is clear that technical regulatory requirements (eg, earthquake resistance) disqualify most traditional building techniques for application in these projects, perhaps revealing a normative obsolescence or lack of ingenuity to search for the applicability of these tecniques in portions of projects. HOUSING FOR VERY HOT WEATHER
HOUSING FOR COLD WET WEATHER
HOUSING FOR VERY WET WEATHER (TROPICAL FOREST)
HOUSING FOR HOT WET WEATHER
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COMPATIBLES CONSTRUCTIVE CULTURES
VIVIENDA PORTABLE
PERTINENCE OF THE PROPOSAL
portability the ease transport
From the above discussion, around the need to address the shortage of rural housing against a condition of isolation, it is appropriate to think of a proposal that has as its central axis the portability of the houses. Understanding the concept of portability as the ease of transporting strictly necessary materials for its construction. However, when thinking about portability you could make the mistake of designing a standardized architectural piece trough industrially process, ignoring the multiplicity of social dynamics and cultural variables, subscribed to different contexts and temporalities. Which determine the space usage and ownership of the houses by the end.
modulation building cultures self-build growth
Additionally, portability is limited by the capacity of the transport vehicle and container. Therefore it is necessary to understand that the concept of portability of housing should be complemented by a modulation of both the materials and spaces and the possibility of variability and growth. Besides it is understood that the application of local building cultures is essential, reducing the amount of materials to be transported and allowing the possibility of implementing self-build methodes and evolution in time according user needs or familie growth.
PRODUCTION
Agricultural production of vegetables and fruit Aguacate para exportaci贸n Platano Mora Lulo Tomate Uchuva
Joinery and wooden furniture Milk and Beef Production
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CONCURSO PREMIO CORONA PRO-HABITAT 2014
INDUSTRIAL PROCESS
PORPOSAL 20 to 40 meters high. It grows in moist montane forest. Used in reforestation programs in higher areas. And timber used in carpentry and construction.
FOLDING STRUCTURE
PORTABE MODULES
PINUS PATULA
BIODIVERSIDAD
1.
Endangered species such as the sloth bear and tiger cub. marsupials rodents armadillos Mountain fox
A system of folding structural axes is develeped, that provides a preassembled structure allowing an easy instalation without affecting the efficiency of transport. Also, it determines an effective industrial production, looking for the achivemente of mass-production needs and allow affordability of these homes to remote communities.
.
.
.
wild birds
.
FAMILY CONDITION In the town there is a lack of nearby facilities for education and health. Children often work long hours.
CHILDREN - YOUNG
.
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VIVIENDA PORTABLE
TRADITION
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
- CORREDOR - ZOCALO - PALAFITOS
1 EARTHWORKS AND FOUNDATIONS
Traditional elements, vital to the social, productive and dynamic techniques that develop around the regional rural housing, are identified.
T
T A
ASSE
OWER STRUCTUR E
CORREDOR
T
PALAFITOS ZÓCALO
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CONCURSO PREMIO CORONA PRO-HABITAT 2014
3 ASSEMBLY OF THE STRUCTURAL FOLDING AXES
. STRUCTURAL DEC ASSEMBLY
. CO ER SYSTEM COM LETION
The roof structure is completed b the rafters esambla e, lin ing the two structural axes. These are placed ever cm maximum and rel on an additional wooden strip.
Two folding structural axes are arranged, each on top a pair of piles in the longitudinal direction of the structure, so that vertical axis rails conect the lower beams.
. FLOOR ASSEMBLY
. ALLS STRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION
The cover s stem consists of pol prop lene sheets on top and it is recommended to generate a ceeling with agglomerates panels or tablets created from local materials, which allows to have a air camera improving thermoacoustic ualit .
. BASE BOARD CONSTRUCTION
The floor is developed from eas assembl wooden immuni ed boards. Each table modulates longitudinall as commercial dimensions 3m the entire module and is anchored to the oistswith nails.
To assemble the structure of the walls, some wood strips are added, that allow greater stiffness during the anchoring. The structure consists of vertical wood slats modulated ever m and another hori ontal strips bordering the baseboard at a height of cm.
. COM LETION OF ALL SYSTEM
The techni ues of muro tendinoso or bahare ue can be use for the construction of the walls. Both implement greater extent local materials and provide ade uate thermal and acoustic performance.
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The baseboard can be built with concrete bloc s, bric s or BTC. It is constructed in the space delimitated b the wood structure. Isolating the upper construction materials, susceptible to humidit .
VIVIENDA PORTABLE
VARIABILIDAD DEL MÓDULO
ADITION 2. HALF IN THE FRONT AND BAC
1. HALF IN THE FRONT
Cada módulo esta compuesto por un espacio contenido y dos corredores perimetrales. La variabilidad espacial de estos se plantea a partir de tres estrategias: sustracción, subdivisión y adición (condicionada por las dimensiones de los corredores).
$
$
NOTA: Las condiciones bioclimáticas mínimas deben conservarse independientemente de la configuración espacial definida para cada módulo, por lo tanto las intervenciones de adición, por ejemplo, conlleva a una extención en la cubierta para mantener la protección solar y de intemperie adecuada.
SUBDIVITION 1. LONGITUDINAL BY HALFS
2. LONGITUDINAL BY THIRDS
TENTATIVE USE Bedroom Living
Closet / deposit
$
Productive
Kitchen Dinningroom Bathroom Loundry
UBICATION Next to a bedroom Next to a livingroom
SUSTRACTION
Next to a closet / deposit
$ Next to a productive space
Next to a Kitchen
In the corner
Next to a dinnigroom
Between modules
1. WALL OPENNINGS
2. INCREASING THE OPEN SPACES $
Next to a bathroom Next to a loundryroom
The graphics in isometric and plan views are simply examples that illustrate a possible interpretation of the variability strategy. Activities that will be held within these modules will logically change the interior configuration.
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3. COMPLETE IN THE FRONT
5. FULL OCUPATION
4. COMBINED $
3. TRANSVERSAL BY HALFS
$
$
4. TRANSVERSAL EN TERCIOS
5. COMBINED
CONSOLIDATION PROCESS 3. FULL OPEN
APPROPRIATION TRADITIONAL TRAITS
4. PATIO $
$
$
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Although the module works and effectively respound to the weather conditions at the time when the construction process culminates, it is also considerate that the module allows the user over time not only to change conditions of aesthetic finishes, but also to provide greater durability over time and better comfort through these new finishes.
VIVIENDA PORTABLE
HOUSING GROWTH
. I T ADDED MODULE
. E OND ADDED MODULE
Modular From the development of different types of modules and their potential spatial variability, it is an initial development of houses through modules addition porpoused, which according to their settings allow accommodating different uses within the housing.
MODULA
O T
1. INITIAL MODULE
The begining of the house construction starts with a module compound of two structural axes, which define the side walls. However modules that are attached to this, according to the needs of use, only require one additional structural axis, because the rest of the support structure is allready installed on the previous module. AUTONOMOU
O T
IDE A ENDI
Autonomous The evolution over time of the house is also conditioned by autonomous user interventions. These interventions correspond to implemented additions to meet space needs acquired in time. Which are derived from family growth, production facilities, etc.
1.MÓDULO BASE
ONTAL O
Taking into count the above considerations, three types of additions are foreseen, related to the conditions of the structure of the initial modules.
2.ESTRUCTURA
1.MÓDULO BASE
A ENDI
2.ESTRUCTURA
3.CERRAMIENTO
ET EEN MODULE
1.MÓDULO BASE
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3.CERRAMIENTO
EA A ENDI
2.ESTRUCTURA
3.CERRAMIENTO
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METHODOLOGY EXAMPLE BASE MODULES + ADDITIONS
$
$
$
$ BÁSICO
$
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VIVIENDA PORTABLE
HOUSING GROWTH
SUSTEINABILITY - RAIN WATER COLLECTION - SURFACE FLOW HUMEDAL - BIODIGESTOR
The module form, shaped by the structural axes, is delimitated by both climatic conditions of the context, such as technical specifications of materials and a cultural collective memory. Therefore retains a traditional gable roof form with measured large eaves, recognizing not only intelligence regarding the care of the material that makes up the walls, but the importance of the corridor in social dynamics of the countryside houses, which take place under the eaves,
+
However the traditional form is substantialy modified searching to improve the conditions of internal thermal comfort. Accordingly it is sought to implement direct gain solar passive systems and a Trombe wall. These strategies consist of a plastic window in the roof, achieved by generating two trestles, and a low cost greenhouse attached to the module when required, acording to special use destination of spaces (eg bedrooms). Fullfilling the fuction of a tromb wall by filling the inner space of the modules with warm air trough several perforations on the walls.
REPLICABILITY SE TI N
The procedure followed for this specific context could be replicated to develop housing prototypes in other regions of the country, as the isue treated in this exercise recurs throughout the national context (remote comunities). Understanding this, man could develop diferent modules that respond, trough their form and construction materials, specifically to different climatic, natural and cultural conditions. Across the mapping of the natural regions of Colombia and constructive cultures presented along the country, it would be possible to refine these prototypes in 4 categories: housing for very hot weather, housing fot hot and humid climate, housing for very humid climate and housing for cold weather. Taking into count the above considerations, three types of additions are foreseen, related to the conditions of the structure of the initial modules.
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CAPTATION SURFACE
LOW COST TROMBE WALL
COLLECTION + STORAGE The collection of water and it s effectiveness to supply the needs of the property is strictly linked to the climatic region where the property is located, due to the rainfall variability. For this e ample, The Retiro town precipitation rates are used.
24 m2
Perfiles madera 4 x 2cm Grapas para angeo
Angeo (filtro)
1/2 Tubería PVC 8”
Grava
FILTRO
Tapa removible
T
Tanque 250lts
AGUA DE REBOSE
Fitoremediación
3 m2 x PERSONA
DEVELOPMENT OF A HAOSE FOR VERY HOT WEATHER
To improve the thermal comfort of the rooms in the house A low budget Trombe wall system is implemented. This will be located in the back corridor at the area of the affected module. The heat generated by the greenhouse system will be transmitted during the day through embedded PVC ducts in the wall that will be closed at night to prevent heat loss.
Pintura negra
Tubería PVC 2”
AGUA USO APARATOS
AGUA USO LIMPIEZA
ucto PVC 4 ”
T
BIODIGESTOR (ORGANIC WASTES + BLACK WATER) AGUAS NEGRAS GAS
Tubería PVC 4”
Tubería GAS Tapa removible Tubería 2”
ABONO (90% AGUA)
Tubería 2” Terreno natural
Tap n remobible
COTA DE REBOSE
For the treatment of gray water from sinks and kitchen and a wetland surface flow system is implemented. This involves treatment from phyto depuration made by plants sown in the area of infiltration. Water obtained from this process can be reused for house cleaning and plants irrigation.
Tubería 2”
Pl stico mm
FILTRO
Sifon (filtro)
SURFACE FLOW HUMEDALS FOR GRAY WATTER TREATMENT AGUAS GRISES
A low budget system of rainwater collector is proposed. This will be composed only by PVC pipes, metallic mesh, wooden slats and a 250 liter tank. This system could collect enough water for all the home basic functions.
Tanque 200lts
The system used for the treatment of sewage and BIOCLIMATIC SPECTANCES organic wastes consists in a simplified bio-digester. It is a septic tank with biomass (bacteria), where organic waste is deposited and methane gas is produced. This gas is conducted through a pipe to the cooking stove. Also a liquid byproduct is generated that could be used as fertilizer.
IDEAL ORIENTATION
AGUA LIMPIA
DEVELOPMENT OF A HOUSE FOR HOT WET WEATHER
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DEVELOPMENT OF A HOUSE FOR VERY WET WEATHER
VIVIENDA PORTABLE
GROUPING OF THE HOUSES
GANA ERO COMPATIBILIDAD
The idea pretends to implement the conditions proposed by the studied agroforestry systems, to generate a community of diverse productivity, self-sufficient and integrated by codependency, common services and transition space between public and private institutions.
EBAN STA - AL U LA LA T ERRA COMPATIBILIDAD
URBAN SYSTEM AGROFORESTAL
AGRÍCOLA - MORA
AGRÍCOLA - LULO
COMPATIBILIDAD
COMPATIBILIDAD
CONSER AC N - C A U RO COMPATIBILIDAD
FORESTAL -
NO ATULA
COMPATIBILIDAD
E U AM ENTO - E UCAT O FORESTAL -
NO ATULA
COMPATIBILIDAD
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E U
AM ENTO - SALU
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TRANSPORT
SELF BUILDING
Calculating the required area to transport construction materials of each module, the possibility of an effective handling is verified. A little truck has the capacity to transport a complete module, however, thinking about satisfying needs for more bulk and distant places, the module could be transported both by land as well sea and air if it´s required.
The whole process was thought to be executed with the fewest possible foreign community people. To achieve this, assembly systems that require minimal carpentry skills are implemented, suitable materials size for one or maximum, two people are proposed and prevailing knowledge building techniques are implemented in the current context.
PORTABILITY LAND RIVER MARITIME AIR
EXPLODED
CARROZA/ TRANSPORTE ANIMAL 1/2 MÓDULO
CAMIONETA/ BOLCO 1 MÓDULO
CAMION DE ESTACAS 2 MÓDULO
CAMION DE 6 EJES
8 MÓDULO
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