I S S U E 1 4 6 | WOMEN’S WELLNESS
THE BEST DATING APPS FOR WOMEN TO TRY PG 35
GYNECOLOGY & WOMEN’S HEALTH DR. RACHEL SPIELDOCH SHARES WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT IT
PG 26
If you check the health of a woman, you check the health of society. - REBECCA MILNER
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M I C R OVA S C U L A R T E S T I N G SYS T E M • Early Detection of
TopDocDX presents a real-life picture to the patient, with all its
Chronic Disease in
positive and negative influences. Therefore, physicians will have
Asymptomatic
an enhanced understanding of the patient’s overall health. This
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• Diagnose Complex Symptoms • Increase Patient Compliance with Treatments
diseases in asymptomatic patients provides the patient with an inside-out look on their health.
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TEAM EDITOR IN CHIEF Brianna Connors
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A WORD FROM THE EDITOR Leading a healthy, well-balanced life is a challenging undertaking for many of us. New advancements in lifestyle or nutrition come to life daily, and the busy rhythm of our lives often prevents us from keeping up with what’s fun and fresh. Here at Top Doctor Magazine, we are on a mission to bring these advancements to your attention and become a source of inspiration for those who want to live their lives to the fullest. Our contributors will constantly keep you up to speed with fresh, entertaining, and reliable content, from nutrition and travel to lifestyle choices! We hope that our handpicked ideas will guide you towards selfrealization, self-improvement, and willingness to help those around you better themselves.
C ONTE N TS S E X UA L WELLNESS
23
A Full List of Birth Control Options
26
40 LIFESTYLE
14
Balancing Obstetric Anesthesiology and Family Life: An Interview with Dr. David Wallace, D.O.
18
Humidifiers Can Be Great for Hair Health
46
Why Taking a Mental Health Day Is so Important
63
Women, Here Are the Best Exercises for Losing Weight!
35
Gynecology and Women’s Health: Dr. Rachel Spieldoch Shares What You Need to Know About It
35
The Best Dating Apps for Women to Try
40
Hope for Treating Infertility: An Interview with Dr.
NUTRITION
09
Is Being Vegan or Vegetarian Actually Good for Women?
51
The Best Probiotics for
Catherine DeUgarte, MD
Women
59
54
Closing the Health Gap
Healthy Aging: 3 Diet
between Men and Women
Changes Women over 50 Should Make
67
How COVID-19 Vaccines Are Affecting Menstrual Cycles
26
09
23
18
Is Being Vegan or Vegetarian Actually Good for Women? WORDS BY ANN Y.
I
n the pursuit of a healthy lifestyle, many people choose to become vegan or vegetarian. From the decreased risk of health issues such as diabetes, high cholesterol and cancer to overcoming
obesity, various health benefits accompany vegetarianism and veganism. These diets are popular as they are higher in fiber and lower in cholesterol, protein, calcium and salt.
Top Doctor Magazine / Issue 146 / 9
The Difference between Being Vegan and Being Vegetarian
products are at risk of developing vitamin
Vegetarians do not consume the products or
People who do not eat meat products are at a
deficiencies. This can lead to health problems in their later life.
byproducts of animal slaughter. They do not consume beef, pork and other types of meat. They don't consume fish, shellfish, animal protein-derived food products, stock or fats from animal slaughter. Instead, they rely on eggs, dairy products and honey, which do not involve slaughtering animals. Compared to veganism, vegetarianism is generally less strict. Veganism is a way of living, which seeks to exclude and practicable all forms of exploitation of cruelty to animals for food, clothing or any other purpose. Accordingly, vegans
strictly
avoid
consuming
meat,
poultry, fish, shellfish, eggs, dairy products, honey, different types of animal-based protein, stock or fats. Strict vegans try to avoid any product that directly or indirectly involves the human use of animals, such as the use of leather goods, wool, silk, beeswax,
Low blood iron levels are among the most common nutritional deficiencies in women and the primary cause of anemia worldwide. Low iron levels can result in poor physical and mental performance, a compromised immune system, and a higher risk of pregnancy disorders.
Fatigue,
dizziness,
headaches, shortness of breath, paleness, brittle nails and fissures at the corners of the mouth are all common signs of irondeficiency-based anemia.
INCREASED PREMENSTRUAL AND MENSTRUAL SYMPTOMS According to one observational population study in Australia, Vegetarians show increased premenstrual and menstrual symptoms, as well as irregular cycles and heavier periods.
soaps and cosmetics.
Researchers
Is Being Vegan or Vegetarian Detrimental to Women?
potentially due to the differences in iron levels.
IRON DEFICIENCY
cycles. Certain nutrients, such as Vitamin A,
Scientists believe that women's health is at risk due to the rise in meat-free diets. Young women are more at risk of developing nutritional deficiencies than men because they are more sensitive to the messages about how bad meat and dairy products are for the environment. Consequently, young women who consume little or no red meat and dairy
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greater risk of developing an iron deficiency.
suggest that the
increased
premenstrual and menstrual symptoms are
The vegetarian or vegan diet causes multiple nutrient deficiencies that affect period Creatine, Vitamin B12, Carnosine, Taurine, Iron, Omega 3, Vitamin D3, and Vitamin K2, are not present in plant-based foods. In addition, low progesterone can cause amenorrhea (absence of periods), anovulation (irregular periods), or heavy periods due to iron, zinc, iodine and vitamin A deficiency. On a plantbased diet, zinc can deplete rapidly and cause irregular periods and skin problems.
Scientific Benefits of a Plant-based Diet
A Parting Reminder
Below are some of the scientific benefits of a
veganism or vegetarianism, the first few weeks
If you intend to jump on the bandwagon of
plant-based diet:
might be stressful, so don't put too much
LOWER BMI
or dietitian if veganism or vegetarianism is
A lower BMI (i.e., Body Mass Index) can translate into low blood pressure. According to several studies, a plant-based diet can reduce blood pressure, curving the risk of heart disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes. People who followed a vegetarian diet had lower blood pressure than those who followed an omnivorous diet. In addition, vegetarians had a 34% lower risk of developing hypertension than nonvegetarians.
REDUCED RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE Cutting back on meat and loading up on plantbased foods can reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease by 16%. Meat contains saturated fat, which contributes to heart issues, especially when consumed excessively.
pressure on yourself. Talk to your doctor appropriate for you. You can start slow with a few plant-based meals and stock up on healthy plant-based foods. Remember that the transition takes time. It will not happen overnight, so be patient. Just stick with your goals of becoming vegetarian or vegan. Ask some advice from other vegetarians and vegans on how they do it. Keep up and be gentle to yourself as your body becomes acquainted with plant-based foods.
"Cutting back on meat and loading up on plant-based foods can reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease by 16%."
PREVENTING TYPE 2 DIABETES Eating a plant-based diet can reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes since plants are lower in saturated fats than animal foods.
DECREASED RISK OF CANCER The best way to source cancer-protective nutrients, such as fiber, vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals, is to eat a diet rich in vegetables, fruit, grains, beans, nuts and seeds. A plant-based diet promotes a healthy weight and lowers the risk of certain cancers.
HELP YOU LIVE LONGER According to a Journal of the American Heart Association study, a plant-based diet lowers the risk of all causes of mortality rate by 25%.
Top Doctor Magazine / Issue 146 / 13
BALANCING OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIOLOGY AND FAMILY LIFE An Interview with Dr. David Wallace, D.O. BY GAYE NEWTON
B
alance. So many people try to find that magical, often elusive point where a challenging, rewarding career, a
fulfilling family, and personal life meet and complement each other. It can be complicated when that career is in the medical field. But it’s not impossible. Meet Dr. David Wallace, D.O., an obstetric anesthesiologist with the Midwest Anesthesia Associates in Fort Wayne, Indiana. By making choices supporting his balance goal early in his career, he found that point. Since then, he has experienced success at work, where patients are drawn to his caring nature in addition to his medical expertise. And he made sure he had plenty of time devoted to raising five children with his wife. It may seem impossible for doctors to achieve that balance when their careers demand so much of their time and mental and emotional strength. But Dr. Wallace’s fascinating story about the world of obstetric anesthesiology will guide doctors towards that much-coveted balance.
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CAREER DECISIONS Dr. Wallace's interest in a medical career began in early childhood. "I'm told that ever since I was a little kid, I said I wanted to be a doctor. My mother and my second-grade teacher talked about it. I remember M*A*S*H (the TV show) was very popular. I had read that it was a fairly decent description of what medicine was really like. I thought that looked like fun. So I thought I would like to do that," Dr. Wallace said. He followed the academic path from a pre-med major to medical school, eventually choosing anesthesia as his specialization. The science behind it appealed to him. "Anesthesia is applied physiology and applied pharmacology. We blend the two together to bring a patient to where they're able to have surgery or a procedure and then come back and have no long-term effects," Dr. Wallace said. There was one other reason for choosing this career path–lifestyle. He wanted to be an active parent and spend plenty of time with his children as they grew up. He decided this choice would allow for the balance he sought.
OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA The Specialty Obstetric anesthesia plays an essential role during pregnancy and during and after childbirth. This specialty touches several medical disciplines, such as obstetrics, neonatology and surgery. The anesthesiologists work closely with obstetricians, midwives, nurses and other team members to care for both mother and baby and to prevent and manage complications along the way. "I do obstetric anesthesia, so I do epidurals and C-sections on a daily basis. I have patients who are extremely grateful that I'm here and have been instrumental in their care. I see about 50 babies delivered per month," Dr. Wallace said.
Top Doctor Magazine / Issue 146 / 15
Training The obstetric anesthesiology specialty usually includes a fellowship lasting one or two years after residency. Fellows learn skills required to manage pregnancies at varying levels of risk, and they participate in research. Dr. Wallace was fortunate to study under a highly accomplished anesthesiologist, Dr. Jerry Bassell. "I trained under an incredibly gifted anesthesiologist who was one of the authors in obstetric anesthesia. He was the chief editor of the magazine for the Society of Obstetrics, Anesthesia
"A lot of patients don't remember the interactions they have with their anesthesiologist. But Dr. Wallace does make an effort to connect with them. As a result, many of his patients do remember him, and they are truly grateful."
and Perinatology when I was a resident. I had the opportunity to focus my practice in obstetrics and took that opportunity. I've enjoyed it ever since," Dr. Wallace said.
THE PATIENT RELATIONSHIP Dr. Wallace's favorite part of his work is interacting with the patients. Because of the nature of his work– putting people to sleep–it’s not easy to build a doctor-patient relationship. A lot of patients don't remember the interactions they have with their anesthesiologist. But Dr. Wallace
does make an effort to connect with them. As a result, many of his patients do remember him, and they are truly grateful. Because he meets patients at a stressful point in their lives, he uses humor to help reduce their worries. "They band the mom, dad and baby with the same code number, so the babies don't get switched. I will tell my obstetrical patients that it means she has to take both of her children home, the oldest one and the littlest one. The moms get a good giggle out of that," Dr. Wallace said. Dr. Wallace offers important advice to the mothers about managing expectations. Too many new moms think everything has to be perfect, or they have failed. Dr. Wallace wants to dispel that harmful notion. "Life is what happens in the midst of all of our plans. Some women feel like failures if they need an epidural when they want to go natural, have trouble nursing, or don't lose the baby weight fast enough. But nothing is going to be perfect. The reality is that you need to take what life gives you and enjoy the good times," Dr. Wallace said.
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THE FAMILY SIDE OF A BALANCED EQUATION Throughout his training and practice, Dr. Wallace and his family lived in several locations, including Michigan, Utah, Mississippi and Indiana, where he and his wife eventually settled. "I tried to find positions to work where there was a good work-home balance. And so, I was able to coach my kids in soccer and help them in their schooling and things like that. I could do what I wanted to do and occasionally be an at-home dad," Dr. Wallace explained. The couple's five children range in age from 23 to 35. One of them, a daughter, follows in his medical footsteps and is training to be an ICU nurse. All five were fortunate to have their father play an active role in their childhood.
A PARTING REMINDER Obstetric anesthesia has evolved since its introduction in 1847 with the use of ether. Recent advancements in
techniques and pain management have dramatically improved the pregnancy and childbirth experience. It has made possible more family involvement, where the father can actively participate as a partner. But Dr. Wallace points out that progress has not necessarily followed a straight line. And new techniques and equipment are constantly being introduced that will continue to add to patients' safety and comfort. "In a lot of ways, anesthesia has come full circle. When I was a resident, we limited the use of narcotics. In the 90s, the use increased until problems arose. Anesthesia is safer now with newer medications," Dr. Wallace said. Dr. Wallace figured out how to build a rewarding medical career without sacrificing family time. By creating the work-life balance he desired for himself and his family, he has taken his own advice. "You need to take what life gives you and enjoy the good times," he said.
Top Doctor Magazine / Issue 146 / 17
HUMIDIFIERS C A N B E G R E A T F O R H A I R H E A LT H WORDS BY KATHLEEN HERNANDEZ
H
umidifiers are a great way to add moisture to the air, and they can be especially beneficial for your hair. Humid air helps keep your hair from drying out, which can lead to frizziness and split ends. A humidifier can also help improve the overall condition of your hair, making it softer and more manageable.
If you're looking for a way to improve your hair health, consider using a humidifier in your home or office. Humidifiers are a great tool to have,
especially in the summer and winter. When our hair is exposed to high temperatures and the coldest chills, it isn't functioning as it should. A home
humidifier, though, changes everything.
MAINTAINS THE HAIR'S NATURAL MOISTURE Chilly weather and central heating can suck the moisture from your skin, scalp and hair. This is because low humidity levels cause water particles in the air to evaporate more quickly, leading to a decrease in moisture on your skin and scalp. When this happens, your body works hard to replace the lost moisture by producing more oil, leading to an increase in acne breakouts, dandruff and dry scalp. A humidifier helps maintain your hair's natural moisture level, preventing it from losing too much hydration due to environmental factors.
PREVENTS FRIZZINESS Frizzy hair is often the result of a lack of moisture in the air combined with high temperatures. When there isn't enough humidity in the air, the water in your hair evaporates and leaves the strands feeling dry, stiff and brittle. This is when you'll start to see frizziness form as your hair tries to hold onto any moisture it can find. A humidifier will add much-needed moisture back into the air and help prevent frizzy hair.
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REDUCES SPLIT ENDS One of the most common problems associated with dry hair is split ends. The outer layer becomes dry and brittle when your hair lacks moisture, while the inner layer remains wet. This creates a perfect environment for splitting to occur, as the inner, wetter layer expands and stretches the outer layer until it finally snaps off. By keeping your hair hydrated with a humidifier, you can help reduce the risk of split ends.
STOPS BREAKAGE Dry hair is also more prone to breakage. The lack of hydration makes the strands weaker and less elastic, which increases the chances of them breaking off. A humidifier can help add moisture back into your hair, making it stronger and less likely to break.
SOFTENS YOUR HAIR Dry, brittle hair often feels rough and unmanageable. Adding moisture to the air with a humidifier can help soften your hair, making it easier to style and less likely to break. If your hair is feeling particularly dry, try using a humidifier along with a deep conditioning treatment or hot oil treatment once or twice a week. This will help add extra moisture and nutrients to your hair shafts, leaving your locks looking and feeling healthier.
A PARTING REMINDER If you're looking for a way to wake up to salon-like luscious and smooth hair, and to improve your hair's overall health, consider using a humidifier in your home or office. Humidifiers are a great way to add moisture to the air, and they do have tons of benefits for your hair. By using a humidifier, you can keep your hair from drying out, prevent frizziness, reduce split ends, stop breakage and soften your locks, all while keeping you healthy and comfortable. So, if you're in the market for a new beauty tool to try this year - or want to make sure that your current one is up to snuff, consider adding a humidifier to your repertoire! They are great for hair health!
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A FULL LIST OF BIRTH CONTROL OPTIONS AND THE UPSIDES AND DOWNSIDES FOR EACH WORDS BY PETER C.
W
hen deciding what birth control
Possible side effects of hormonal birth control
method is best for you, it's essen-
are weight gain or loss, mood changes and nausea.
tial to know about each type of birth
control and how effective they are. But you should also know the possible side effects of each option.
IUD An intrauterine device (IUD) is a small T-shaped form of birth control placed inside the uterus.
HORMONAL BIRTH CONTROL
Women can use it to prevent pregnancy for up
The most common forms of hormonal birth
to 10 years.
control are the pill, patch and ring. The pill, which contains synthetic versions of two essential female hormones called estrogen and progesterone, works by stopping ovulation from occurring. The patch and ring both release synthetic hormones into the body through the skin. The patch is placed on the lower abdomen, posterior or upper body (not your breasts). The ring is inserted into the vagina. Both of these methods work similarly to the pill by stopping ovulation and thickening cervical mucus.
IUDs have become increasingly popular among women looking for a long-term solution to their birth control needs. They are safe, cost-effective and reversible. In addition, they don't require you to remember to take a pill every day. Some women experience mild bleeding or spotting for the first few months after insertion. It is typically not a cause for concern, as it resolves on its own over time or can be treated with a low dose of oral contraceptive pills.
Top Doctor Magazine / Issue 146 / 23
Rarely, an IUD can perforate the uterus during insertion and may lead to severe infection, sometimes resulting in infertility. This risk is higher in women who have never been pregnant and women who have had children. The risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is higher in IUD users than non-users. In addition, the risk of PID increases with each act of intercourse while the IUD is in place. The infection can cause scarring that blocks the fallopian tubes and infertility.
BARRIER METHODS: MALE AND FEMALE CONDOMS, DIAPHRAGM AND CERVICAL CAP Condoms There are a variety of condoms available, including male and female condoms made of latex or polyurethane. Condoms are very effective at preventing pregnancy. They are also the only method that protects against STIs. However, condoms can break and slip off, so you should use them correctly every time you have sex.
HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVE IMPLANT
The diaphragm is a shallow, dome-shaped rubber
A contraceptive implant is a small, thin, flexible rod
cup with a flexible rim that fits over the cervix. The
inserted in a woman's upper arm. The three main
diaphragm works by blocking sperm from entering
hormones in the implant are progestogen, estrogen
the uterus. It must be used with spermicide each
and an anti-androgen which thickens cervical
time you have intercourse.
mucus and makes it more difficult for sperm to cross from the vagina into the uterus. It can last for three years. However, it does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
Diaphragms
Risks associated with diaphragms include vaginal irritation and urinary tract infections (UTI’s). A diaphragm may also move out of place or be pushed into the vagina, causing a medical emergency. Women
• Possible side effects include:
who use diaphragms must be examined regularly by a
• Vaginal bleeding;
doctor and have annual tests for sexually transmitted
• Headaches;
diseases (STD/STI).
• Breast tenderness and enlargement; • Nausea;
Cervical Cap
• Abdominal pain;
Cervical caps are a type of barrier to birth control.
• Bloating;
They are dome-shaped caps that fit over the cervix to
• Weight gain.
prevent pregnancy. A cervical cap must be used with
STERILIZATION Sterilization is a permanent method of birth control. Its permanent character makes sterilization a very serious decision, one that people should thoroughly
a spermicide for maximum effectiveness. Cervical caps have several risks, including an increased risk of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) in women who are not adequately protected by the cap.
research ahead of time.
A PARTING REMINDER
According to a study by the National Research Coun-
With so many different birth control options available,
cil (US) Committee on Population, there are no im-
knowing which one will work best for you can be
portant long-term adverse physiological effects of
challenging. Make sure that whichever type of birth
sterilization birth control methods.
control you choose is compatible with your lifestyle and health needs. Always consult a doctor first to find out which form makes the most sense for you and will have the lowest number of side effects for your body.
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Gynecology Women’s Health The practice of gynecology and women’s health is highly personal for many women. It covers menstrual cycles, pregnancy, childbirth, gynecological cancers and treatments for gynecological issues. For many women, these are subjects they don’t easily share with their partners or even their doctors. As a physician specializing in gynecology and women’s health (and someone who truly understands it all), Dr. Rachel Spieldoch shared her knowledge and insights with Top Doctor Magazine on what to do if you’re feeling worried about any of these subjects.
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Dr. Rachel Spieldoch Shares What You Need to Know About It WORDS BY MERALD AYSON
“With OB-GYN, you offer a continuity of care. You get surgeries, you do deliveries, treatments and post-operative care, so it is inclusive of just about every piece of medicine.” - DR. RACHEL SPIELDOCH
Exploring Gynecology with Dr. Spieldoch
With the variety and full scope of
A
board-certified
gynecologist
with more than 20 years of field experience, Dr. Spieldoch specializes in minimally invasive surgery, including advanced laparoscopic surgery, robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery and vaginal and pelvic floor restorative surgery. She has completed Advanced Masters training in daVinci® robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery and is a Center of Excellence Physician (COEMIG).
biochemical engineering and then branched into biochemistry and molecular biology before turning to
medicine
healthcare offered in obstetrics
removed several pounds of fi-
and
Dr.
broids from her uterus, and about
Spieldoch felt the inclusivity of the
a year later, she wrote me just the
specialization.
sweetest letter about how she was
gynecology
(OB-GYN),
“With OB-GYN, you offer a continuity of care. You get surgeries, you do deliveries, treatments and post-operative care, so it is inclusive of just about every piece of medicine,” she said. Through training, Dr. Spieldoch realized that she had a more surgical aptitude; therefore, she ended up not doing the OB component and
Dr. Spieldoch began her career in
and
gynecology.
She has always shown care for people around her that many of her friends have firmly expected her to become a physician. After witnessing how much she could impact the health and happiness of women by offering her expertise, Dr. Spieldoch was inspired to specialize in gynecology.
“I did a myomectomy on her and
went into focusing on minimally invasive gynecologic surgery.
pregnant. Then she just came with her family and her new baby to the office to personally thank me,” Dr. Spieldoch said.
Gynecology and Women’s Health Over the Years Since gynecology has been around for centuries, it has seen many changes over the years. The gynecology tools used today are up to par with the latest technology, making it minimally invasive. The
Making a Difference in Women’s Lives
cialized, with physicians now hav-
For Dr. Spieldoch, the greatest re-
ing the option of specializing in
ward as a doctor is helping women through difficult times and making a difference in their lives. She recalled one instance where she had a gynecology patient who had several large fibroids, a challenging uterus and was desperate to have a baby.
field has also grown more spe-
one area rather than choosing the general OB-GYN. “Back in the day when I graduated, pretty much everybody was required to do OB-GYN. I was one of the first allowed to do just gynecology.
Top Doctor Magazine / Issue 146 / 29
“It is really important for women to get a good gynecologic evaluation, at least once a year, to catch any problems early on and prevent them from becoming bigger issues.” - DR. RACHEL SPIELDOCH
Shortly thereafter, the specialties
necology, and it has many benefits
by getting into those finer tissue
of urogynecology and minimally
for patients and doctors alike. For
spaces easily,” she said.
invasive gynecologic surgery came
patients, it means shorter recovery
along. So now you’re just seeing
times, less pain and often the abil-
a lot more specialized care,” Dr.
ity to return home the same day as
Spieldoch explained.
the surgery. This type of surgery
Dr. Spieldoch sees multiple disadvantages in the rise of various specialties in the gynecological field. One potential challenge for the patients is the need to hop from one doctor to another in order to find specific answers. This is where the skills and experiences of the gynecologist are needed. Dr. Spieldoch proudly said that her office has the versatility to do many of those
Understand the Value of Regular Screening
to perform complex procedures
One of the most important things
also tends to be less risky than tra-
using miniature instruments.
Robotic-assisted Surgery Robotic surgery is quickly becoming one of the most common ways to perform
gynecologic
surgeries.
It allows greater precision and accuracy during surgery, reducing trauma and reducing the likelihood of complications for patients. As
Minimally Invasive Surgery
a result, many gynecologists are
in gynecology that Dr. Spieldoch has experienced during her career is the increased use of minimally invasive surgery. This involves
now proficient in using robots to assist them in their surgical procedures. Dr. Spieldoch is one such gynecologist, and she is impressed with the capabilities of robotic surgery.
making small incisions and using
“What I found with robotic surgery
miniature instruments to perform
is its great contribution to laparo-
outpatient procedures.
scopic surgery. For somebody who
Minimally invasive surgery is a relatively new development in gy-
30
ditional surgery, allowing doctors
specialties under one roof.
One of the most significant changes
3-Point Gynecological Advice by Dr. Spieldoch
may have a lot of adhesions or prior surgeries, robotics can really help
that women can do to maintain their gynecological health is to take preventative care seriously. This means seeing a professional for routine screenings to ascertain the level of their gynecological health. “It is really important for women to get a good gynecologic evaluation, at least once a year, to catch any problems early on and prevent them from becoming bigger issues,” Dr. Spieldoch shared.
Don’t Be Afraid to Talk about It Talking about gynecology can be a little bit tricky. Although hard for some, it’s essential to have those conversations with a gynecologist, but it’s essential to have those talks.
“If you're not getting the answers that you need from somebody, then I encourage you to get a second opinion. There's never anything wrong with that.” - DR. RACHEL SPIELDOCH
“People are having a hard time with
opinion. There’s never anything
conversations about things that
wrong with that. Try to search
they’ve never had talked about
for somebody who can help you. I
before. In my field, we hear a lot
guarantee you that if you shut the
about issues with sexuality, sexual
door on gynecologists, you’ll miss
intercourse or other vaginal issues.
out on so many amazing physicians
If there are topics that perhaps
and surgeons out there that really
were once considered taboo, just
want to provide the care that’s
know that the gynecologic office
needed,” she said.
is a private, professional and confidential space where you have
A Tip for Everyone
the ability to discuss everything
As a gynecologist, making a dif-
so we can come up with plans and solutions,” Dr. Spieldoch said.
Do Your Own Research Finding the perfect gynecologist is an important but challenging task. One of the best things to do is not to be afraid of asking questions and getting an honest opinion about gynecologists. “If you’re not getting the answers that you need from somebody, then I encourage you to get a second
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ference is now a way of life for Dr. Spieldoch. She shared with us her favorite quote from Walt Disney, which has been one of her foundations in building a great career. “Whatever you do, do it well. Do it so well that when people see you do it, they will want to come back and see you do it again, and they will want to bring others to show them how well you do what you do,” Dr. Spieldoch shared.
Connect with Dr. Spieldoch With advancements in technology and specialization, gynecologists can offer their patients the best possible care. Dr. Spieldoch is a perfect example of this, and her passion
for gynecology shines
through in everything she does. Gynecology can be a sensitive subject to approach, but doctors like Dr. Spieldoch make the conversation much more comfortable. Visit her website to learn more about what she does and how she can help you!
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THE BEST DATING APPS FOR WOMEN TO TRY
G
one are the days when men used to serenade women with love songs and woo them with shiny gifts and flowers. With
the rise of online dating, love at first sight is more likely to be replaced with love at first swipe.
But like with everything else, online dating has its pros and cons. One friend might be planning her June
wedding with the guy she met on Tinder two years ago, while another one might be traumatized by the "hot single doctor slash rugby player" who turned out to be a catfish. But hey, are you really going to let your friend's online dating horror story stop you from trying out these awesome dating apps listed below? Who knows?
BUMBLE Ladies, the ball is in your court this time. In Bumble, women have to make the first move and send a message to the person they matched within 24 hours, or else the match disappears! Bumble's CEO Whitney Wolf Herd designed it this way to give back the power to women. Bumble has also expanded to cater to same-sex and heterosexual couples. It also proves to be more than just a dating app with Bumble Bizz and Bumble BFF, where you can connect with like-minded folks and form a platonic relationship as business partners or travel buddies. With all these cool features, it's no surprise
You might find your one true match!
that Bumble has over 22 million users worldwide.
HINGE
KINDRED
Have you ever heard of an app that's designed to be deleted? Well, now you have. Hinge is a dating app for people who are sick of dating apps and want to find real love. If you're skeptical, here's something to ease your mind - Hinge reports that 3 out of 4 people who
When things start to get serious with someone, the inevitable question of "Do you want kids?" will be thrown out into the air, and depending on whether your answer is a "Yes" or "No" could ultimately make or break your relationship. Thankfully, Kindred is a one-of-a-kind
matched on the app want to go on a second date.
dating app that lets you skip that awkward "children talk"
There's more to just looking at pictures on someone's pro-
want or can't have children.
file on Hinge. This app collects data through a "machine learning algorithm," which selects one person a day as your "Most Compatible." This data is based on the unique answers and quotes on a person's profile, ranging from their favorite TV show to their political stance. Hinge's newest feature also allows its users to leave voice memos,
because the app is tailored for singles who either don't
The app, launched on February 10th, was created by two like-minded individuals, Eleanor Brook-Hatch and Philip Wassouf, who met on a dating app during the lockdown. These two realized that so many more people like them wanted kid-free relationships.
allowing their personalities to shine through even more.
Top Doctor Magazine / Issue 146 / 35
HER HER is the world's leading dating app for LGBTQ+ women, with over 8.5 million users and counting. HER provides a safe space for lesbian, bisexual, trans, queer, cisgender, and non-binary people to meet potential love interests and friends within the LGBTQ+ community. This female-run app started as a lesbian dating app but has added more colors to the rainbow. HER is all about celebrating love in all forms and even hosts events and parties across 15 cities worldwide so that more and more people can connect.
WOOPLUS Body-shaming is so out of style, which is why WooPlus has created a dating app to celebrate these big beautiful bodies. WooPlus is the perfect platform for curvy people to enjoy online dating in an inclusive environment without ever having to feel insecure about their voluptuous features. In January 2022, WooPlus sky-rocketed after reports of Zayn Malik using the app surfaced online. With WooPlus claiming to have made over 50 million matches since their launch in 2015, it definitely seems like something worth trying out.
A PARTING REMINDER We know how scary it can be to put yourself out there. But being open and vulnerable to love will always be terrifying, regardless of whether you're doing it the traditional way or through online dating. So, if you're ready to jump in, go ahead and try these dating apps out for yourself. You'll never know; it might just work out for you!
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HOPE FOR TREATING INFERTILITY An Interview with Dr. Catherine DeUgarte, MD WORDS BY GAYE NEWTON
D
r. Catherine DeUgarte, MD, is an accomplished fertility specialist at CMD Fertility in Los Angeles, Cali-
fornia. She is also a clinical professor at UCLA, where she teaches at the UCLA/Olive View Medical Center Infertility Clinic. In her years of experience treating infertility, she has seen thousands of healthy babies born. "Growing up in Romania, I lived in a family full of doctors. I'm the fifth generation of physicians in my family. I've wanted to be a doctor since I was three years old. Initially, I wanted to be a pediatrician, but I discovered that I really liked the field of OB/GYN and specifically helping families in their fertility journey. Obviously, there are a lot of ups and downs, but making a family's dreams come true is a pleasure," Dr. DeUgarte shared. Fertility is a high-stakes practice with a relatively brief history compared to other specialties.
40
"The first IVF baby was born in 1978. I am also fascinated that this field is that it keeps evolving. So the things that we learned 10 years ago are not the same as what we're learning now," Dr. DeUgarte explained. With Dr. DeUgarte as our guide, let's take a look at this specialty that plays a critical role in the lives of people who need help bringing a baby of their own into the world.
THE PROBLEMS OF INFERTILITY Infertility Rates According to the Centers for Disease Control, in the United States, 8.8% of married women aged 15 to 49 were infertile, and 12.7% of women aged 15 to 49 used infertility services between 2015 and 2017. In 2020, the fertility rate was 56 births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 44. The National Institutes of Health estimates that 11% of women and 9% of men of reproductive age face difficulties with fertility, and 12-15% of couples cannot conceive without treatment. In addition, fertility declines with age, especially for women, and especially after age 35. "I think the number one reason (behind infertility) is because women, such as myself, focus on career number one and then baby. It's important to have a balance but not wait too long to have a baby. Also, there are same-sex couples and single women who want to have babies. They have to go through fertility treatments," Dr. DeUgarte explained.
Causes Infertility has many possible causes, originating with the man, the woman or both. The problem can be anywhere in the reproductive process—sperm and egg production, fertilization, implantation and embryo viability. Other factors include age, hormones, disease and toxic substances or medical conditions. Evaluating and testing for infertility encompasses various tests and procedures examining the health of reproductive organs, checking hormones and ruling out disease. "A lot of what I do is figuring out what the cause of infertility is, then figuring out the best solution. I individualize the therapy so that it's not a cookie-cutter approach. Every patient is unique. And it's important to add other things into the equation, like making sure that they avoid things like marijuana, alcohol and smoking, that they try to lead a healthy lifestyle, eating healthy and also taking supplements to improve pregnancy," Dr. DeUgarte explained.
Treatment Treatments vary depending on the cause and may include surgery, medications and/or hormones. The treatment most well-known is in vitro fertilization, or IVF, where the egg is fertilized in a lab with sperm, and the resulting embryo is implanted in the uterus.
Top Doctor Magazine / Issue 146 / 43
Numerous cases are not so straightforward to
genetic testing of the embryos. This is called
require only one technique or ready solution.
preimplantation genetic testing, where we check
"It's a continuum, a spectrum. Some people have only one issue, while others have 10 issues we have to fix. There are patients, especially after the age of 45, where it's very difficult to get pregnant with your own eggs. In the 20 years I've been doing this, I've had one 46-year-old patient who got pregnant with her own eggs. So definitely age is very important. Many 50 year olds have had babies, but not with their own eggs. When I do come across those stations, I'm very honest with them, and I tell them what the chances are," Dr. DeUgarte explained. Dr. DeUgarte recalled her most memorable and challenging cases. Her care and compassion for these women, men and couples is evident. "I've had several patients with cancer. They have had babies either through fertility treatments or surrogates. That's been really rewarding for these patients that go through so much to see them so happy and healthy at the end," Dr. DeUgarte shared.
Genetic Testing "More and more patients are using genetic testing for their embryos. Before implantation, you can check to see if the embryos are normal and prevent miscarriages," Dr. DeUgarte said. Genetic testing involves screening for family and ethnic history that may point to genetic conditions common to those groups. These are recessive conditions, so both parents must carry the gene to affect the child. If this is the case, there will be a 25% chance of a child having the condition. In vitro embryos can then be screened to implant only those without the genes for the condition. "We do the genetic testing two ways. We check the couple's blood tests for any genetic disorders. If tests are positive, we check to make sure they don't have the same genetic disorder. If they do, you can select the normal embryos for implantation. The other thing we do is
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the embryos for chromosomal abnormalities," Dr. DeUgarte explained.
CONCLUSION Fertility is a rapidly developing branch of medicine. It has come far from its debut on the public scene in the 1970s and has given hope to people who, decades before, would have had none. "Technology's evolving, and I think things are getting better. Things like egg freezing weren't around when I was a fellow. It's only been around since 2012 and was considered experimental before then. Now some women wait too long to have a baby. But more and more are freezing their eggs when they're younger. It's great because they're going to have more possibilities for the future," Dr. Deugarte concluded. Dr. Deugarte is part of a future with more options for giving couples healthy babies and happy families. The happiest moments for her are when the couple gets what they desperately want after struggling with infertility. "My favorite part of my job is when patients either call me with their positive pregnancy tests or when they bring in their babies. It's also amazing seeing the heart rate for the first time on ultrasounds," Dr. Deugarte said. Her mission to help solve infertility for each case is one to admire. Visit Dr. Deugarte's website to learn more about how she can help you through infertility.
WHY TAKING A
mental health day IS SO IMPORTANT WORDS BY MĂLINA O. R.
O
ur lives can get quite stressful from
Although you are prepared in advance, it is quite
time to time, which is why it is es-
possible to wake up in the morning and feel
sential to remind ourselves to take
stressed or anxious. Don't be afraid to take your
a break. Our work lives can drain our entire
mental health day spontaneously. Always listen
energy and lead to serious mental health prob-
to your body and give it everything it needs.
lems like burnouts and anxiety issues. When you are starting to feel the stress taking its toll
SPENDING YOUR DAY OFF
on your mind, it's time for a break.
If you decide to take a spontaneous or planned
SIGNS YOU MAY NEED A MENTAL HEALTH DAY
keep in mind is to relax. Every factor that can even spark a stressful feeling in your mind
If you are working yourself too much, it can
has to be avoided at any cost. You could spend
be hard to notice the signs you need a mental
your day alone, reading a good book, or go on a
health day. Symptoms such as excessive stress,
shopping spree with some of your friends.
insomnia, mood swings, high blood pressure, pessimistic outlook on most matters and fatigue are the most common signs of impending burnout. It’s time to take that well-deserved mental health day.
TAKING A MENTAL HEALTH DAY Scheduling the day off ahead of time can give you enough time to plan your absence from work or cancel some plans you made with your close ones. It is common to plan your mental health day on the weekend, but don't hesitate to take a day off from work.
46
mental health day, the first thing you have to
When it comes to spending your mental health day, the nature of the activities you plan on carrying out doesn't matter. What matters is to relax your mind and feel good while doing it.
KEEPING YOUR MIND HEALTHY If you plan your mental health day, try to stay away from things such as alcohol, tobacco, harmful substances, unhealthy foods, overthinking and on social media. Keep in mind that this day is about your mental health, so stay away from anything that can harm it.
Some Activity Ideas Depending if you want to stay indoors or go out and have some fun, maybe some of these activities will come in handy: • Going on a hike; • Getting a massage; • Going on a shopping spree; • Catching up on some much-needed sleep; • Watching a movie or a show; • Trying a new recipe; • Listening to a podcast; • Taking a long bath; • Engaging in your favorite hobby. It doesn't matter what you do as long as it makes you happy and relaxes your mind.
MAKE SOME CHANGES You can find yourself surrounded by stressors even after a mental health day. For your mental health to improve, you have to get rid of house stressors. By making these changes, you will find yourself in a much better environment for your mental health. By not bringing your work problems into your home, cutting ties with negative people and looking at your priorities, you can already see the environment around you cleansing.
A PARTING REMINDER Never forget to take care of yourself, especially your mental health. Everybody needs a break from time to time, and it's not a shame to ask for it. Although it may seem like a day in the short term, it still can help you in so many ways. Nothing is as important as your health.
48
"Never forget to take care of yourself, especially your mental health. Everybody needs a break from time to time, and it's not a shame to ask for it."
THE BEST PROBIOTICS FOR WOMEN WORDS BY ANN Y.
T
rillions of microorganisms live in-
of neutrality in your body. When you become
side the human body, and we can
ill, harmful bacteria enter your body and
support their thriving existence with
multiply, putting your body out of balance.
supplemental probiotics. Probiotics can be
The good bacteria in your body fight out the
naturally found in foods such as yogurt, kim-
harmful bacteria and restore balance.
chi, sauerkraut and kombucha drinks. Currently, the market is loaded with probiotic products for women.
WHY ARE PROBIOTICS GOOD FOR WOMEN?
WHAT ARE THE BEST PROBIOTICS FOR YOU? Because different bacteria do different things, the ideal probiotic for women is determined by their health goals. For example, Lactoba-
As a woman, it is better to understand why
cillus and Bifidobacterium are both friendly
you need probiotics because, in the United
bacteria, but Lactobacillus can assist vaginal
States, more women are affected by hormone
health, whereas Bifidobacterium improves
fluctuations and higher stress levels than men.
digestive health.
According to Hippocrates, all diseases begin promote a healthy digestive system by creating
WHAT IS THE RIGHT TIME TO TAKE PROBIOTICS?
a strong gut lining, helping proper digestion,
According to some experts, taking your pro-
reducing infections and inflammation and
biotic before breakfast is better for your gut
enhancing the immune system.
health. This is because, before breakfast, pro-
in the gut. Probiotics are good bacteria that
biotics can make it into your small and large
WHAT ARE PROBIOTICS AND HOW DO THEY WORK?
intestines. After all, stomach acid production
The primary function of probiotics, or good
you can take a probiotic at any time of day as
bacteria, is to keep your body in a healthy
is likely at its lowest in the morning. However, long as you are consistent.
equilibrium. Think of it as maintaining a state
Top Doctor Magazine / Issue 146 / 51
WHEN IS IT NOT THE RIGHT TIME TO TAKE PROBIOTICS? Probiotics can be used by people of all ages and in any situation. In a few cases, your doctor may advise against probiotics as a medical condition or another drug may contraindicate them. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should see
Before purchasing any items, it is always best to consult with a healthcare expert about taking a probiotic. This recommendation concerns people who have a health condition, as their doctors may want to closely monitor their health if they take probiotics.
their doctor before taking probiotics. If you're looking for specific benefits, look for a friendly bacteria supplement that has been studied for this reason. Consider a product that comprises well-researched strains if you're searching for vaginal health support. Before purchasing any items, it is always best to consult with a healthcare expert about taking a probiotic. This recommendation concerns people who have a health condition, as their doctors may want to closely monitor their health if they take probiotics.
A PARTING REMINDER The undeniable benefits of probiotics make supplements a popular choice for everyday gut and intimate health maintenance. However, probiotic supplements cannot replace actual medication or lifestyle changes. Probiotic supplements may or may not improve a person's digestive health, and they should not be used in place of a healthy lifestyle.
52
Healthy Aging 3 diet changes women over 50 should make by Gentry Shannon
H
ealthy eating should always be central to those seeking to protect their well-being and the integrity of their physical body. But, as they age, people leave their peak fitness years behind. Without the constant
peer pressure and concrete athletic goals to provide accountability, the older demographic can lack the structure and guidance that encourages healthy eating. Additionally, the diets recommended for older adults are different from those recommended for athletes or young adults. Older adults have different goals at different ages and stages in life, naturally resulting in different steps and diet choices to reach those goals.
Strengthen Bones with Calcium As age increases, so does the possibility of certain health complications, such as osteoporosis, which causes bones to become fragile and susceptible to fractures. Because bones are a form of tissue whose cells must be regularly replenished to maintain integrity, making dietary changes to aid the body in keeping pace with the rate of cell replacement is essential. Calcium plays a large part in this. The average older adult actively loses bone mass due to a negative calcium balance. Women are particularly at risk for developing osteoporosis, with one in three women over 50 in danger of bone breaks. Although forms of dairy (milk, cheese, yogurt, etc.) are well-known forms of calcium, many others, including seeds, canned salmon, beans and lentils, almonds and leafy greens, can supplement your calcium intake.
Maintain Muscle Mass with Protein The fancy medical term for losing muscle mass with age is sarcopenia. This process is normal as we age. After 30, doctors estimate that people begin losing 3-5% of muscle mass every 10 years. This decreased muscle mass increases the risk of falls and injuries and diminishes mobility.
54
By talking to a doctor, conducting some research and making wise diet choices, such as implementing calcium, protein and vitamin B-12, you can stay strong and sharp long after the age of 50!
Thankfully, our bodies can rebuild muscle mass. One simple way to achieve this is by eating more high-protein foods such as eggs, nuts and seeds, soy foods, quinoa and salmon. The amount of protein one should add to their diet depends on weight. For women over 50, add 1-1.5 grams of protein per kilogram of weight (1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds).
Protect Brain Function with Vitamin B-12 As with muscle mass and bone integrity, brain function suffers with age. Parts of the brain begin to shrink, fewer synaptic connections form, myelin loss occurs and the brain creates fewer neurotransmitters. These changes can contribute to slower processing, reduced cognitive function and decreased dopamine and serotonin. Vitamin B-12, which helps preserve healthy red blood cells and the brain, is a diet-essential nutrient for maintaining brain function and slowing this decline. Most women over 50 are advised to consume 2.4 micrograms of protein a day, found in eggs, milk, lean meats, fish, cereals and grains.
A Parting Reminder Aging is an inevitable part of life. With aging comes a whole host of new challenges, obstacles and difficulties, such as weakening bones, loss of muscle mass and brain function decline. However, what is not inevitable is the rate at which these difficulties develop. By talking to a doctor, conducting some research and making wise diet choices, such as implementing calcium, protein and vitamin B-12, you can stay strong and sharp long after the age of 50!
Top Doctor Magazine / Issue 146 / 57
CLOSING THE HEALTH GAP BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN WORDS BY LUKE ARGUE
A
lthough the standard of life and average life expectancy have increased across the globe, the gap between the life expectancy for the average man and woman has increased.
Generally, women outlive men in most countries around the globe, regardless of development level. This reality is especially true in the United States, where the health gap between men and women has increased over the past 100 years, from women living an average of two years longer in 1900 to roughly five years longer in 2017.
WHY DO WOMEN LIVE LONGER THAN MEN? The explanation for this apparent health gap is not due to men receiving less health care than women in the United States. On the contrary, health care provision has gotten much better over the last 100 years. Instead, researchers point to biological, behavioral and social factors.
Top Doctor Magazine / Issue 146 / 59
BIOLOGICAL
Men have weaker social support systems which
Men and women differ from a biological perspec-
can contribute to the health gap. A lack of strong
tive. Some researchers believe that male and female hormone differences may help explain why women generally live longer. Estrogen, a hormone more prominent in women than men, has been linked to reducing cholesterol's circulatory
can increase one's risk of developing conditions from the common cold to heart disease. Women often have larger and stronger social support networks and are often more in touch with fellow
levels and combating heart disease.
women than men are with other men. Such
On the other hand, testosterone has not been linked
while explaining why men typically lag.
to such positive effects. Instead, testosterone has been associated with a weakened immune system and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. A study of Korean eunuchs found that castrated men, thus producing less testosterone, were likely to live about 14 to 19 years longer than uncastrated men. However, low testosterone levels have been associated with heart disease. Testosterone is not necessarily a harmful hormone, but unlike estrogen, it does not serve a protective function that elongates one's life.
BEHAVIORAL Men have more behavioral influences to shorten their lives. They are much more likely to engage in unhealthy lifestyles such as smoking, drinking and being overweight, all of which can negatively impact your life expectancy. In other countries, the disparity caused by such habits can be highly significant. For example, in Russia, where men heavily drink and smoke, men die 13 years earlier than women. While these behavioral factors are not the only thing driving this health gap, it's clear that they're a major contributing factor.
factors could help contribute to female longevity
WHAT CAN WE DO TO CLOSE THE GAP? There is no simple solution to the health gap between men and women. However, by following some simple health rules and trying to live the healthiest, you can reduce the gap as much as possible. The main things to keep in mind are: • Completely avoiding tobacco; • Exercising a minimum of 30 minutes a day; • Eating a good diet; • Avoiding overly risky behavior; • Reducing stress; • Getting enough sleep; • Seeing your doctor regularly for checkups. While these behaviors won't necessarily boost your life expectancy past the health gap, they can give you the best chance to live the longest life possible.
A PARTING REMINDER The health gap between men and women is still being researched and understood by researchers. While there is not much anyone can do to overcome this gap, it is a sobering reminder of
SOCIAL
the importance of living a healthy lifestyle.
Numerous social factors contribute to women liv-
change your lifestyle dramatically, but it should
ing longer than men. Stressful and dangerous work environments are more prevalent for men than for women. Stress from such work environments increases the risk of hypertension, heart attack and stroke. Additionally, traits typically associated with men, such as type A behavior, stress, hostility and aggression, have been linked to heart disease.
60
interpersonal relationships and support networks
Knowing about this gap may not cause you to give you an idea of how important it is to eat healthily, exercise regularly and avoid stress and harmful behaviors.
"The health gap between men and women is still being researched and understood by researchers. While there is not much anyone can do to overcome this gap, it is a sobering reminder of the importance of living a healthy lifestyle."
WOMEN, HERE ARE THE BEST EXERCISES FOR LOSING WEIGHT! WORDS BY PETER C.
The market is flooded with exercises that claim to be the best exercises for losing weight. But which ones actually work?
BEST EXERCISES FOR LOSING WEIGHT Strength Training Strength training is a form of physical exercise that uses resistance to work the muscles. It can be performed with free weights, weight machines, bodyweight exercises and even elastic bands. The benefits of strength training for women are well documented in research. A study from The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition shows that strength training helps with preventing gains in percentage body fat and intra abdominal fat. Strength training increases muscle mass, bone density and lean body mass while decreasing fat mass and body fat percentage. Strength training will not only help you lose weight but also provide you with the ability to perform more physically demanding activities such as running or climbing stairs easily.
High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) HIIT is a form of exercise that alternates between short bursts of intense anaerobic exercise and low-intensity exercise or rest.
Top Doctor Magazine / Issue 146 / 63
HIIT is more effective than traditional cardio for weight loss in women. A study has shown HIIT to be far more effective than steady-state exercise, especially with overweight individuals. HIIT burns more calories during and after the workout, thus burning more fat and delivering better results in the long run.
Cycling Indoor or outdoor cycling is an excellent form of exercise for weight loss for women that helps with muscle building and toning while burning fat. Cycling doesn't put excessive strain on the joints and can be done at any age or fitness level. Cycling has been found to provide many health benefits. It can not only help you lose weight but also improve cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength and tone, and bone density. Plus, cycling doesn't strain the joints as much as running does. A study on indoor cycling classes has shown how cycling positively alters women's body composition. A stationary bike is also a cost-effective way to exercise at home, as you can use it in your living room or basement instead of having to go out and buy expensive equipment or join a gym. It's also great for people with injuries or joint pain who can't do other types of exercises since it doesn't put any strain on your joints.
Hiking Hiking is a low-cost way to reap health benefits. One such benefit is that hiking can help you burn more calories than walking or jogging. When you hike, your body needs to use more energy and move in different ways. Dealing with different terrains creates variety and prevents boredom with the exercise. A second benefit of hiking for weight loss is that it helps strengthen muscles and joints while providing an enjoyable form of exercise that's often easier on the joints than running or other high-impact sports.
Swimming Swimming is a great low-impact exercise that can help in weight loss because of the intense and constant movement of the body. Swimming helps burn more calories than walking, jogging, cycling or any other aerobic exercises. A study published in the Metabolism journal has shown swimming to be more effective in weight loss than walking.
A PARTING REMINDER The best exercises for losing weight can be performed with the least amount of equipment. It is essential for women to find a workout that they enjoy and can stick with in order to see long-term success. Women should try different workout types until they find one that works for them.
64
HOW COVID-19 VACCINES ARE AFFECTING MENSTRUAL CYCLES WORDS BY ANN Y.
S
ince 2021, when widespread COVID-19
Some women reported late periods, while others
vaccinations began, multiple cases of
reported heavier and painful bleeding. Some wom-
women with painful cramps, delayed
en who hadn't had a period in years said they had
periods and other changes in their menstrual cy-
menstruated again and reported exceptionally high
cles were reported. Right away, researchers looked
flows and breakthrough bleeding.
into the matter and found a correlation between the COVID-19 shots and menstrual cycles.
The COVID-19 immunization can alter menstrual cycle timing. However, women's minds should
But how do COVID-19 vaccinations affect the men-
be at ease; the side effects are temporary, similar
strual cycle and how severe are the symptoms?
to a sore arm rather than a significant adverse occurrence, and shouldn't deter women from
WHAT IS THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE? The monthly set of changes that a woman's body goes through in preparation for a potential pregnancy is known as the menstrual cycle. The ovaries release an egg once a month in a process called ovulation. If ovulation occurs but the egg is not fertilized, the uterine lining sheds via the vaginal opening. This is the start of a menstrual cycle. As a female, you can track your start date and
getting vaccinated.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Medical experts are still baffled as to why the menstrual alterations occur. Some researchers pointed towards the link between the immune system and the reproductive system as the primary
end date every month of your menstrual cycle.
cause. Given this link, it's likely that stimulating the
COVID-19 VACCINE ON MENSTRUAL CYCLE: THE EFFECTS ARE TEMPORARY
person's cycles, though only for a short time.
immune system through vaccination could alter a
Menstrual periods did shift after being vaccinated against COVID-19, according to a published study. The authors found that women had slightly longer
men-
strual periods after receiving the
vaccina-
tion than those who were not.
Top Doctor Magazine / Issue 146 / 67
"The findings confirmed that the COVID-19 vaccinations would have no significant impact on women's menstrual cycles. There's no reason to believe that such minor alterations in the menstrual cycle would impact fertility."
Each human body organ belongs to 1 of 10 human
average. Those who received two vaccine doses
body systems: circulatory, respiratory, nervous,
during the same menstrual cycle had a two-day
muscular, skeletal, digestive, endocrine, immune or
increase in cycle duration, while 10% of these women
lymphatic, integumentary and reproductive. These
had a cycle length shift of eight days or greater.
body systems are intertwined and work together to
However, these side effects were immediately
maintain internal stability and equilibrium, often
restored to normal during the following cycles,
known as homeostasis. However, homeostasis
indicating that they were just transient.
can be disrupted by disease in one body system, causing problems in other bodily systems.
relevant change in menstrual cycle length linked
For example, if you contract the AIDS virus, which
with COVID-19 vaccination. The researchers noted
damages your immune system, you may develop
that the rise they detected was within the range of
pneumonia in your lungs and a yeast infection in
normal fluctuation—most women wouldn't notice if
your reproductive system.
their period arrived half a day later than usual.
WHAT DOES THE RESEARCH AT OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY SAY?
The findings confirmed that the COVID-19 vacci-
The Oregon Health and Science University researchers in Portland, led by Alison Edelman, analyzed anonymized data from thousands of women who used the Natural Cycles fertility tracking app to record details about their menstrual cycles regularly. 2,403 of the 3,959 women who took part in the study were vaccinated, while 1,556 were not. The majority of people received Pfizer or Moderna vaccinations. Women who got one dose of COVID-19 vaccination during a single menstrual cycle experienced a slight increase in cycle length of just over half a day on
68
The researchers found no population-level clinically
nations would have no significant impact on women's menstrual cycles. There's no reason to believe that such minor alterations in the menstrual cycle would impact fertility.
A PARTING REMINDER The vaccination's side effects on women are just temporary. No hard evidence has yet been established that vaccinations affect menstruation and fertility. So, ease your fears about menstrual cycles and the COVID-19 vaccine!
