DIGITAL FABRICATION , ADVANCED MANUFACTURING & CONSTRUCTION STUDIO
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“There is no such thing as a failed experiment, only experiments with unexpected outcomes” - RICHARD BUCKMINSTER FULLER 3
BARCELONA
SPAIN
AUSTRALIA 4
FAIL FAST, FAIL OFTEN
1:5
1:1
SMART NODES // PAVILION DESIGNING A SKIN SYSTEM
INFLATABLE
LAYERING
UV
FLITERING
SOLAR RADIATION
KINETIC
MAGNETIC
WIND/ VENTILATION
SHADING
GROWTH
CHANGE OVER TIME
EMERGENCE
PERFORATION
DESIGNING ISN’T JUST A LINEAR PROCESS, DURING THIS STAGE OF CONCEPTUALISING I WAS ABLE TO UNDERSTAND QUICKLY WHAT COULD WORK AND WHAT COULD NOT THROUGH A BACK AND FORTH UNDERSTANDING OF DRAWING AND MAKING. TENS OF IDEAS CAME AND WENT WHILE LEARNING ABOUT MATERALS PROPERTIES AND EFFECTS OF SYSTEMS.
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SHADING x ROTATING x VENTILATION SHADING & CHANNELING LIGHT TIMBER LINED INSIDE WITH DIFFUSING REFLECTIVE SURACES WOULD LIKE TO IMPLEMENT THIS MATERIAL PROPERTIES IN FINAL SKIN SYSTEM TO INTRODUCE AMBIENT LIGHT INTO A SHADED SPACE
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TIMBER SURFACE
REFLECTIVE SURFACE
DUE TO THE NATURE OF MAGNETS, IT WOULD BE IMPRACTICAL TO IMPLIMENT THIS TECHNIQUE AS IT WOULD DISTURB ANY METALS AND ELECTRONIC DEVICES.
RED STICKS WITH SPRING HINGE & MAGNETIC BALL ACTUATORS
MAGNETS x SHADING
ACTUATORS RESPONSE TO MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE & SUN ORIENTATION
EMERGENCE STRATERGY
FLEXIBLE/WATERPROOF MATERIAL E.G. RUBBER/LATEX
BLUE STICKS WITH SPRING HINGE/ FREELY MOVES ACCORDING TO MAGNETIC ACTUATORS 7
LAYERING x INFLATING
STRINGS
RIGID WHEN INFLATED
ELASTIC
ELASTIC WHEN INFLATED
EXPLORING WITH STRING PATTERNS AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES.
INFLATED FORM CREATES CAVITY OF AIR TO REDUCE RADIATION/UV 8
TIME IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN ANY FORM OF DESIGN. HOW A SYSTEM PERFORMS OVER A CERTAIN PERIOD AND IT’S INTERACTION WITH THE USER HAS ALWAYS BEEN FASCINATING. THIS PARTICULAR SYSTEM HAS PLANTS/MOSS INTERACTING WITH THE FORM. THE PLANT HELPS COOLS THE AIR IN THIS SPACE AS WELL AS DIFFUSSING LIGHT THROUGH THE PERFORATED SLITS.
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MATERFAD: CENTRO DE MATERIALS DE BARCELONA VISITING MATERFAD GAVE A BETTER PERSPECTIVE ON THE TYPES OF MATERIALS THAT ARE AVAILABLE AND HELPED CLARIFY SOME OF THE APPROACHES I WAS HEADING TOWARDS
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MOCK-UPS
DOUBLE-SKIN x QUASICRYSTAL x PERFORATION AS A GROUP WE DECIDED TO FOCUS ON THE IDEA OF DOUBLE-SKIN, & INTEGRATING PERFORATION WITH THE REGULAR/IRREGULAR FORM OF QUASICRYSTAL
JENNIFER’S MODELS & DRAWING
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PERFORATION MODEL
CONTRACT
EXPAND HOBERMAN SPHERE PERFORATED MATERIAL PLACED INBETWEEN LATTICE
THE HOBERMAN SPHERE INSPIRED FORM WAS ABLE TO MANIPULATE THE PERFORATED MATERIAL BY CONTROLLING THE OPENINGS TO ALLOW LIGHT THROUGH. HOWEVER, FOR THE PROPOSE OF THE SKIN SYSTEM, THERE IS TOO MUCH MECHANISM AT WORK TO MAKE THE SYSTEM PRAGMATIC ENOUGH. DUE TO THE AMOUNT OF CELLS THAT MUST BE IMPLEMENTED, THE MECHANISM COULD ALSO BECOME A MAINTENANCE ISSUE.
THE INFLATABLE SKIN, LAYERED WITH AN ORIGAMI /PERFORATED MATERIAL ALSO PLAYS WITH THE CONCEPT OF CONTROLLING OPENINGS. THIS SYSTEM USES LESS ACTUATORS. THE CONTROLLING SYSTEM IS DEVELOPED THROUGH INTRODUCING AIR INTO THE BALLOON-LIKE CAVITIES.
INFLATED OBJECT OPENS UP ORIGAMI CRYSTAL/ PERFORATED MATERIAL
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TAKING A STEP BACK FROM THE INITIAL GROUP CONCEPTS, WE STARTED TO LOOK AT PERFORATION AND WHAT KINDS OF PATTERNS AND SHAPES COULD COME FROM IT. WHAT WE FOUND WAS A FORM THAT COULD ACT AS A FILTER FOR WIND IN IT’S DOUBLE-LAYED DEPTHS, AS WELL AS INTRODUCING PLANTS/MOSS TO FLITER OUT HEAT AND LIGHT. A SKIN SYSTEM THAT ACTS LIKE A FOREST CANOPY
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EXPLORATION
EXPERIIMENT FROM BASIC LINE PERFORATION TO DIFFERENT PATTERNS AND ANGLES. THE AMOUNT OF LIGHT AND SHADE CAN BE CONTROLLED THROUGH THE OPENING OF THE SLITS AND ANGLE OF MOVEMENT DOUBLE LAYER CREATES DEPTHS TO THE STRUCTURE PAPER FOLDING SHAPES INITIAL CRYSTAL-LIKE OUTLINE
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GRASSHOPPER + RHINO GENERATED FORM
1. LINEAR LINES - CAN ONLY BE MANIPULATED IN ONE AXIS
3. CRYSTAL FORM/ OFFSET LINES - NEEDS ALTERNATING SLITS TO BE PULLED WITHOUT TOO MUCH FORCE 16
2. OFFSET LINES - CAN BE MANIPULATED FROM ALL DIRECTIONS
4. CRYSTAL FORM/ OFFSET LINES WITH ALTERNATEING SLITS - EASILY MANIPULATED TO CREATE IRREGULAR SHAPES (QUASICRYSTAL)
INITIALLY THE IDEA WAS TO HAVE A FAIRLY FLAT STRUCTURE AND HAVE PLANTS/MOSS GROW OUT FROM THE INSIDE TO VOID. HOWEVER, AFTER BETTER UNDERSTANDING ABOUT THE SCALE, MATERIALITY AND MANY OTHER ASPECTS THIS FORM AND METHOD COULD NOT BE FINALISED ENOUGH TO BE DELVERABLE. OUR LATER INTENTION WAS TO HAVE A STATIC TIMBER STRUCTURE THAT COULD PROMOTE THE GROWTH OF MOSS ON TOP AND UNDERNEATH THE STRUCTURE
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White Oak
English Oak
Wood Bending Technique
Set Curve
Set Curve
Timber
Set Curve
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Spanish Moss – to install on the bottom part of the panel; provide shades to pedestrian and nature in the urban city • Hang long strands over the hanger, the Spanish moss will cling to surface. • Tie a little bit of cotton twine around t he Spanish moss or fishing lines in case of falling. • in a hot sunny d ry position the plant may need watering every 1 to 3 days. I n a dark cold moist a rea watering every 2 to 4 weeks may be sufficient.
• • • • • •
Reproduces by seeds and vegetative growth. When small portions are broken off, they will begin to grow new plants Sunlight to partial shade Temperature above 18 degrees Celsius Clean air Moisture, but dry climates acceptable A place to hang; on wires, fishing lines, mesh, fences…etc.
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ABOVE IS A QUICK MOCK UP OF THIS STRETCHING CONCEPT. UNFORTUNATELY, THE OVERALL TRUE BENDING OF THE FORM HAS NOT BEEN ABLE TO BE MANIPULATED IN THE DIGITAL MODEL
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DUE TO THE SCALE OF THE PANELS & OUR UNDERSTANDING OF MATERIALS, HAVING A PIECE OF TIMBER AND BENDING IT WOULD RESULT IN A LOT OF STRESS FOR THE FORM WHICH WOULD WARP UNDER DIFFERENT LOADS. WITH FURTHER EXPLORATION, SMALLER SEGMENTS WERE CONSIDERED WITH STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
PULLING UP & FORWARD
PULLING DOWN & BACKWARD
PULLING DOWN & BACKWARD 21
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FROM PLANAR TO NON-PLANAR PAVILION
OUR GROUP’S CONCEPT WAS TO FURTHER THE SCALES FORM FOR IT’S POTENTIAL TO ACT AS A WATERPROOFING SYSTEM USING THE ORIENTATIONS OF EACH CELLS 24
PROTOTYPING
JUN x GAO XI x XING YU
JENNIFER x TRACEY
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FOLDED SCALES
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CURVED SCALES
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KNUCKLE JOINTS TO ACCOMMODATE FOR NON-PLANAR CELLS
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JOINTS BETWEEN CHANNELS & SCALES
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3D PRINTED KNUCKLE JOINT
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3 WAY JUNCTION CONNECTION DETAIL
CAPPING SCALES
PERFORATED SCALES
TRANSLUCENT SCALES
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PROTOTYPING MODEL 1:10
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PROTOTYPING MODEL 1:10
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WATERFLOW DIAGRAM
RIDGES RIDGES
RIDGES
RIDGES
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OVERALL DIGITAL MODEL RENDER
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SPAIN
MELBOURNE
AUSTRALIA
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FEEDBACK
BACK TO BASICS TO GET A FRESH PERSPECTIVE ON THE STRUCTURE AND IT’S RELATIONSHIP WITH THE DESIGN OF THE SKIN SYSTEM, EACH TEAM MEMBER WENT BACK TO DO ANALYSIS AND DRAW ON NEW IDEAS.
OUR VISION FOR THIS PROJECT IS TO CONTROL THE SHEDDING OF WATER THROUGH ORIENTATING ELEMENTS AND ACCENTUATING THIS FLOW. SELECTIVE CHANNELING WILL BE CONSIDERED THROUGH MANIPULATING THE FLOW OF DIRECTION ACROSS EMERGENT DESIGN.
WATERFLOW DIAGRAM // DIRECTION OF FLOW ON EACH CELLS 39
DIFFERENT VERSIONS OF PANELLING SYSTEM
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TOP LAYER
BOTTOM LAYER . MINIMAL GRADIENT OF 1 DEGREES FOR WATER MANAGEMENT
1 1 DESIGNED STRUCTURE
2 1
1. STRUCTURE TO BEAM JOINERY 2. TRI-BEAM JOINERY HUB
1. ORIGINATES FROM TOP MOST EGDE TO THE Y-AXIS TO CONTROL THE FLOW OF RAIN ACCORDING TO THE ORIENTATION OF THE CANOPY AS WELL AS SHELTERING
1 2
2.PENAL CENTER OPENING GIVES PATHS TO SUNLIGHT TO THE UNDERNEATH
1 1
FINALISED VERSION
ORIGINAL STRUCTURE
3.TWO LAYERS - TWO DIFFERENT LEVELS OF TRANSLUCENCY TO HAVE A SUBTLE DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN TOP & BOTTOM - GIVE BRIGHT AND AIRY AMBIENCE
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1 1. BEAM TO STRUCTURAL FRAME JOINERY 1 2
2 1
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2. TRI-BEAM JOINERY JUNCTION HEXAGON 1
1 3
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HEXAGON 2
3. SECTION OVERLAPPING PANEL/CHANNEL SYSTEM
Channel Detail 3
Channel structure as a single unit 1. W100mm 2. H75mm 3. w30mm
2 1
Channel joint at intersection - perspective
Channel joint at intersection
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LASER CUTTING HEXAGON FRAME // WITH MITRE JOINTS
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MODEL MAKING
BOTTOM PANEL CUTS
TOP PANELS CUTS
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TOP JUNCTION JOINT
BOTTOM JUNCTION JOINT
FRAME TO BEAM JOINT
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GUTTER DETAIL
BOTTOM VIEW
TOP VIEW
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FINAL DESIGN DIGITAL MODEL
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MATERIALISATION // SIMPLE
INITIALLY THE MEDIUM CUBE WAS SUPPOSE TO BE MOLDED WITH WAX, HOWEVER CREATING A MOLD PROVED DIFFICULT. FOAM WAS LATER USE AS A PRIMARY STRUCTURE WITH A CLAY RENDER. THROUGH THIS PROCESS I WAS ABLE TO UNDERSTAND THE TIME CONSTRAINTS OF MOLDING FORM. 50
12 x INDIVIDUAL FOAM PIECES WERE CRAVED INTO THIS SHAPE
X 12
SMALL 10 x 10mm
HEAVY
MEDIUM - DIGITAL RENDER
MEDIUM 100 x 100mm 51
FIRST CUTS X6
x4
THE IDEA BEHIND THIS PIECE WAS NOT TO USE ADHESIVE & USE ONLY ONE TYPE OF CUT TO CREATE THE CUBE. THE JOINTS ARE DESIGNED TO ALTERNATE TO GIVE THE STRUCTURE STABILITY INSTEAD OF SLIPPING AWAY. 1 TYPE OF CUT WAS USED AND REPEATED 6 TIMES IN THIS TEST MODEL, HOWEVER THE LAST PIECE COULD NOT FIT IN. THEREFORE, FOR THE BIGGER MODEL. 3 TYPES OF CUTS WERE MADE SO THAT THE LAST PIECE COULD BE SLIPPED INTO THE JOINTS WITHOUT HAVING TO BE PUSHED INTO PLACE. 52
x1
100X100mm TEST
FINAL CUTS
x1
LIGHT
53 LARGE 500 x 500mm
INSIDE FRAME
HIL
L
VA LL EY
CUT
OUTSIDE FRAME 54
LASER CUT TEMPLATE FOR ALUMINIUM & TIMBER CUTS
MATERIALISATION // OUT OF PLANE
DIGITAL RENDER
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HEAVY
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LIGHT
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WATER PROOFING NATURAL VENTILATION DYNAMIC INTERIOR NETWORK TRANSPARENCY/REFLECTION COMPLIMENTS THE LANDSCAPE SUB-NETWORKING DELAUNEY HIGHTLIGHTS NODES LIGHT PANELS PATTERN PARAMETRICALLY GENERATED RESPONSIVE TO SUN ORIENTATION HEAVY PANELS FORM PARARMETRICALLY GENERATED TO DIRECT WATER FLOW & RAIN FALL 60
IRIS 61
FINAL FORM 1. HOW TO REPRESENT HEAVY 2. HOW TO REPRESENT LIGHT 3. MATERIAL CHOICE 4. FABRICATION TECHNIQUE
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FINAL FABRICATION 6 x HEAVY CELLS 10 X LIGHT CELLS
HEAVY TIMBER CELLS HEAVY METAL CELLS
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TAPERED C-CHANNEL SYSTEM = TOO IRREGULAR = JUNCTION DEALS WITH 10 SURFACES
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V-CHANNEL SYSTEM - LESS IRREGULAR -JUNCTION DEALS WITH 6 SURFACES
CLOSE-UP CHANNEL CONNECTION
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5 98 B
pot 9 8 5
pot 6 9 5
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LASER CUT V-CHANNELS
B
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A 1
R 2
E
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Q
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P 8
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10 12
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N 15 M
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LABELLING + WATERFLOW + OVERLAPPING ORIENTATION
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14 16 K
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LIGHT AND TRANSPARENT ONES Ones w hich a re above t he n ode, t hey a re b uilded w ith transparent materials.
HEAVY AND OPENED ONES (PLACED OVER NODES) Ones which are in the middle of original hexagon.They kind of have move space, so we put out water shedding geometry there to let hot air out
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CELL GEOMETRY sub networking with delauney
Dividing geomtry to highlight the nodes. The beams forming the hexagon are used as gutters to channel water
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LIGHT CELLS - MATERIAL EXPLORATION
BENDING ACRYLIC
PATTERNING PETG
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TYPES OF FOLDS
WITH A DEEPER PYRAMID THE GAP BETWEEN THE FOLDS ARE LARGER THEREFORE ALLOWING AN EASIER BEND. HOWEVER MOST THE CURRENT LIGHT CELLS ARE MORE SHALLOW THEREFORE BENDING PROVED TO BE DIFFICULT
SHALLOW CELL BEND 71
ETCHING & LASER CUTTING LIGHT
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LASER CUTTING JIGS FOR EACH ANGLE OF LIGHT CELLS
FINAL LIGHT CELLS
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HEAVY CELLS REFLECTIVE TEST
BENDING TEST 74
RAW ALUMINUM VS. SAND BLAST & PAINTED
VIEW FROM TOP
VIEW FROM BOTTOM
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V-CHANNEL
TAPERED C-CHANNEL
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