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EUROPEAN ON-LINE MAGAZINE - June 2019
Bus To Coach IRIZAR - i8 INTEGRAL
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BusToCoach
USED BUS ON LINE
European on-line magazine
On www.bustocoach.com website is on line the directory dedicated to Used.
Editor in chief
Marino Ginanneschi
marino.ginanneschi@bustocoach.com
Managing editor and International relations
Elena Prearo
elena.prearo@bustocoach.com
Advertaising
FLASH NEWS Live from the transport sector.
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BUSWORLD TURKEY TAM EUROPE ANTI-POLLUTION In 2020 it will be back Airport buses for Palermo Cube filters are under to Istanbul. are branded TAM. testing in Stuttgart.
SELF-DRIVING Navya shuttle buses in Switzerland.
IN THE FOREGROUND
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BusToCoachÂŽ Magazine is a monthly e-mail delivered to 12,000 European operators in the sector of bus passenger transport. To subscribe to our mailing list, send an e-mail to: bustocoach@bustocoach.com
BYD Trying to conquer the European markets.
MERCEDES With the eCitaro in order to measure the consumption of electric buses.
IRIZAR 350 km traveled with the 14-meter i8 Integral.
Here you can find those who deal with used buses in Italy and Europe *** Here you can find the selling prices suggested by BusToCoach for the Italian market or going directly to the link https://bustocoach.com/en/ quotes-bus/
FLASH NEWS
BusToCoach on-line Magazine - June 2019
SOLARIS ELECTRIC BUSES IN RADOM
ALEXANDER DENNIS FOR SCOTLAND
he Municipal Road and Transport Authority in Radom, the last six months the bus operator First Glasgow has T west Poland, ordered ten Solaris Urbino 12 electric buses IN renewed its bus fleet with 150 new Alexander Dennis together with infrastructure for charging. The contract will be low emission buses. They are 96 Enviro400 double deckers for
completed by mid-June 2020. The electric buses will be fitted with 116 kWh Solaris High Power batteries which will power a 2 x 125 kW electric axle. The energy will be supplied by a fast-charging pantograph system (on the roof) and in the depot, via a plug-in connection. The on-board equipment includes an efficient air-conditioning, video monitoring, USB chargers and buttons with Braille graphics. Since the launch of its first electric bus, Solaris has delivered or contracted over 400 electrobuses from 17 countries (including 150 on the Polish market).
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THE ALTAS VIATOR HAS BEEN AWARDED
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he Lithuanian manufacturer Altas is among the winners of the A ‘Design Award in the category Vehicles, Mobility, Transportation Design. The credit goes to the minibus Viator and its designer, Dominykas Budinas, who won the silver. Launched last year at the IAA exhibition in Hannover, Viator is a midi-class tourist bus for long-distance transport services. The model is characterized by simple geometry, edges and smooth corners, while the shape of the bus itself creates the impression of movement. This effect is due to a rear-view camera hidden beneath a delicate spoiler, which together with the rear lights finish the roof line in style. The bus is currently being tested in various operating conditions and its serial production will begin in August 2019. At later stages of the product’s development, new Altas Viator models are planned, including a low-floor urban, suburban, school bus and a bus adapted to UK traffic.
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ALSTOM ELECTRIC BUSES IN FRANCE
urban routes, 10 Enviro400 City double deckers dedicated to the Glasgow Airport Express and 44 new Enviro200 buses. All of the new buses have comfortable high-backed seats, USB charging sockets and provision for audio-visual next stop announcements. Customers on the Glasgow Airport Express additionally benefit from extra glazing, mood lighting, table seating and wireless phone charging. The company has worked in partnership with the bus manufacturer to ensure the new buses are all fitted with latest Euro 6 engines and equipped with the SmartPack efficient diesel technology developed by Alexander Dennis. This combines electric cooling fans, engine stop/start and auxiliary load management, which charges the alternator and compressor when the engine is in coast, to bring exhaust emissions down by over 15% against the Euro 6 baseline.
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SCANIA FOR HOCKEY TEAM
he International Ice Hockey Federation World T Championships is to start in Slovakia on May 10 and will take place untile May 26. For this occasion
the Czech Hockey team has chosen Scania to be the official bus carrier for the national team. The vehicle is the Scania Interlink HD model and it was handed over at the team’s training centre in Prague. The coach is fitted with 59 comfortable seats, 19-inch Bosch screens and is powered by a 450-hp engine. «The last time a Scania bus provided the team transport, in 2005», points out the manufacturer, «the Czechs became world champions, so they are hoping that a renewal of their association with Scania is a good omen».
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18-METER BYD ELECTRIC BUSES
lstom is among the three French producers that won the larobina has ordered 20 BYD ebuses. The model is the 18-meter A gest European tender for electric buses held by RATP, the N articulated BYD K11. Deliveries will start at the end of 2019. company that manages public transport in Paris. The first tranche of Alstom is for 50 vehicles in the 12-meter Nobina’s latest emission-free BYD ebuses are powered by new ge-
Aptis range with fully electric drive. The vehicles commissioned by RATP are designed for slow charging in depot. This model is also available for charging at the end of each line whenever necessary, using ground-based charging solutions (SRS) or charging through the top. Aptis is inspired by tram design and is characterized by a fully low and completely flat floor, wide double doors and large bay windows. The prototype was presented in March 2017. Four units were tested in France and Europe covering over 40,000 kilometers in real operating conditions. The production, as well as the tests, will take place in the two Alstom plants in Alsace.  
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neration, cobalt-free, BYD Iron-Phosphate batteries This contract follows Nobina’s order for 26 BYD vehicles last autumn, all scheduled for delivery this summer. A total of 138 vehicles will see Nobina as BYD’s largest bus fleet customer in the Nordic region. 36 BYD ebuses are running in several Swedish towns and around 70 further BYD ebuses are scheduled for delivery in Norway and Denmark. The manufacturer’s presence in Europe is growing with orders in the Netherlands, France and Italy. Over 700 BYD ebuses are now in operation or on order throughout Europe.
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FLASH NEWS
BusToCoach on-line Magazine - June 2019
IRIZAR IE TRAM IN SWITZERLAND
ADL DOUBLE-DECKER BUSES FOR SINGAPORE
lexander Dennis has been awarded by the Singapore’s Land he Iberian manufacturer has won the tender for the supply of T electric buses in Schaffhausen, Switzerland. Following the con- ATransport Authority (LTA) for an order of 50 new Enviro500 tract, Irizar will deliver 15 ie tram buses and the related charging double deck buses. This model will developed in a new three door,
infrastructure. The batch includes seven vehicles in the 12 meter size and another 8 in the 18 meter articulated variant. «This is a unique project in Switzerland and in Europe» said Hector Olabegogeaskoetxea, general manager of Irizar e-mobility, «where 12 fast-charging points of 600 kW will be installed in one of the main streets of the city and charges will be taken using green energy generated by the river Rhine at the point where it crosses Schaffhausen. Once again, the Irizar group demonstrates its ability to provide turnkey solutions by providing buses and charging stations based on the specific needs of the city». This project is intended to electrify the public transport in Schaffhausen and the possibility of a second phase (2022-2027) is being evaluated during which the numbers can increase up to 47 vehicles, 20 fast-charging stations and 51 charging points in the depots.
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MAN LION’S CITY IN TBILISI
he Georgian capital is renewing its bus fleet with MAN buses. Following an order of the past year for 90 Lion’s City buses, 50 of these vehicles have now been in use for several weeks while the remaining 40 units are due to be delivered in October and November 2019. The MAN Lion’s City M type buses come with a range of special features, including three extra-wide doors with stepless, low-floor entrances. The buses are powered by a 294-hp (216 kW), six-cylinder Euro 6 diesel engine. The buses are fitted with a number of assistance systems, such as the electronic brake system with ABS and an electronic stability program. Back in 2016 and 2017, MAN Truck & Bus delivered to Tbilisi 144 MAN Lion’s City CNG buses running on biogas.
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MERCEDES eCITARO PLAYS AT HOME
April 26 the transport company Rhein-Neckar-Verkehr ON GmbH (rnv) launched two electric bus routes in Mannheim with three new Mercedes‑Benz eCitaro buses. The electric
routes 66 and 67 incorporate the new town districts Franklin and Taylor in the local public transport network. The eCitaro bus on route 67 also stops at schools and thus serves as a school bus for the children. Rhein-Neckar-Verkehr GmbH began operating its first electric bus route in Heidelberg in January 2019. The company was thus one of the first transport companies in Germany to incorporate the Mercedes-Benz eCitaro in its daily bus route operations. In Heidelberg rnv operates three eCitaro buses in the historic areas of the city.
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two staircase layout for Singapore. The buses will feature a full-flat floor design along with three passenger doors and two staircases, one at the front and one at the rear of the vehicle, allowing commuters to move through the vehicle quickly and safely. The design builds upon the concept bus that Alexander Dennis developed for the LTA in 2016, adding further innovation including the use of the latest aluminium composite body technology and a host of new safety and energy-saving features. The first units will be delivered next year. The 50 new buses will join 216 earlier Alexander Dennis Enviro500’s already in operation in Singapore. All will be supported locally from the manufacturer’s 25,000 square foot facility in the north of Singapore which was opened last year.
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VOLVO 9900 WINS THE RED DOT AWARD
olvo Buses was awarded at the ‘Red Dot Award: Product V Design 2019’ thanks to the renewed Volvo 9900 longdistance coach launched in 2018.
The Red Dot Award: Product Design is one of the world’s largest design competitions. It is is broken down into the three distinct disciplines: Product Design, Brands & Communication Design and Design Concept. In 2019, designers and manufacturers from 55 countries entered more than 5,500 products in the competition. The international jury comprises experts from different disciplines and has been convening for more than 60 years in order to select the year’s best designs. Their assessment focuses on criteria such as the level of innovation, functionality, formal quality, longevity and ergonomics. The Red Dot Gala will take place on 8 July 2019 in Essen, Germany.
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E-MOBILITY IN THE NAME OF MERCEDES
he ESWE Verkehrsgesellschaft company, which operates the T local public transport in Wiesbaden, Germany, has an ambitious plan: to switch a fifth of its bus fleet to fully electric vehicles
within just one year. For this reason the German operator has placed an order for 56 electric buses choosing the Mercedes-Benz eCitaro. As a provider of comprehensive electromobility solutions, Mercedes‑Benz will supply the complete system including the construction measures for the infrastructure, a first in Germany, and will take care of the charging management process. The first 15 eCitaros for Wiesbaden will be fitted with NMC batteries (lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-oxide cells). Each bus is equipped with twelve battery packs with a total capacity of 292 kWh. The remaining 41 eCitaros will be equipped with solid-state batteries.
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BusToCoach on-line Magazine - June 2019
BUSWORLD: BACK TO ISTANBUL
The eighth edition of Busworld Turkey will be back to the capital on 5-7 March 2020 at the Istanbul expo center. More than 300 exhibitors are expected fter the edition in Izmir, Busworld A Turkey returns to its original location. Istanbul will therefore host the 2020 edition
of the main Turkish showcase dedicated to the bus&coach sector and related components. Launched in 2007, the event is organized by Busworld International in collaboration with the local partner HKF Trade Fairs. For the eighth edition, the organizers expect the participation of over 300 exhibitors. More than 13,000 local and international buyers are expected. Predictions expect an increase in the number of participants compared to the 2018 edition in Izmir (see BusToCoach Magazine of May 2018) where 112 exhibitors (83 local and 29 foreign) and 10,040 professional visitors from 107 countries took part to the exhibition. ‘Made in Turkey’ remains an important area for the bus sector. According to Otomotiv Sanayii Derneği (OSD), the national auto-
motive manufacturers association, in 2018 the long-size buses produced by its members in Turkey increased by 4.6% with 8,541 units sold compared to 8,166 in 2017. Mini buses represent undoubtedly the most popular segment, which in 2018 reached 56.934 units, recording an increase of 3.4%. Midi buses, on the other hand, decreased sharply by 11% (3,316 units sold). To offset the deadlock of the domestic market, on the other hand, export increased in all segments driven by buses (90% of the production) and mini buses (84% of the production), while only 25.5 of the midi buses manufactured in Turkey crossed the border. These numbers confirm the interest of international operators for Busworld Turkey. See you at the Expo Center in Istanbul from 5 to 7 March 2020. For more details on the event please visit https: //www.busworldturkey.org/en/exhibition Other articles about International Events: https://bustocoach.com/en/event-ads/
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BusToCoach on-line Magazine - June 2019
TAM VIVAIR IN SERVICE IN PALERMO
The first of three new airport buses provided by the Slovenian TAM-Europe is now in service at the Falcone Borsellino airport rom Slovenia to Sicily. Destination: FalF cone Borsellino airport, Palermo. It’s there that the Vivair, the airport bus manufactured
by TAM-Europe, appeared for the first time. It is the first of three new vehicles commissioned by GH Palermo, the handling company subsidiary of GESAP (the managing authority of Falcone Borsellino airport in Palermo) and part of GH Italia, the largest private group in Italy for airport handling services. Used for passenger transport alongside aircrafts, the TAM Vivair in service in the Palermo airport can accommodate about 100 people including 18 seated. The equipment includes panoramic windows, vandal-resistant seats and a folding platform for passengers with reduced mobility. It is powered by a MAN Euro 5 diesel engine. With this supply, GH Palermo wants to cope with the increase in the number of passengers which, according to the company’s predictions, will reach 7.5 million this year.
TAM-Europe’s airport bus was also chosen for Marco Polo airport in Venice where it has been in service since last year. The model is the Vivair 104WL. The TAM-Europe Vivair airport bus series include three basic types as well as a VIP version and offers a large variety of options that meet all IATA (International Air Transport Association) and airport safety standards. The vehicles feature two/three double doors on each side and a rear one (on request). They are equipped with air conditioning system and they are powered by a MAN common rail engine coupled to a ZF or Voith automatic transmission plus retarder. In addition to airport buses, TAM-Europe manufactures regular service buses and touring coaches, school buses and VIP versions. In 2018, the Slovenian manufacturer launched the Vero modular electric bus offered in five sizes.
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BusToCoach on-line Magazine - June 2019
CUBE FILTERS ARE UNDER TESTING
MANN+HUMMEL filter cubes under testing in Stuttgart will be retrofitted in order to reduce the concentration of nitrogen dioxide in addition to fine dust particles decrease pollutants with special filters TO that have to be installed not on vehicles but directly on the road is the innovative
solution that is being tested in Stuttgart where, from the end of 2018, 17 MANN + HUMMEL Filter Cubes III were installed at the congested Neckartor road junction. With the pilot project of the German company MANN+HUMMEL, sponsored by the Ministry of Transport in Baden-Württemberg and supported by the state capital (Stuttgart), they want to investigate the extent to which technology can be used to reduce the local fine dust pollution. “The assessments made so far”, stated MANN+HUMMEL, “have shown that the filters contribute to the reduction of pollution from fine dust particles by between 10 to 30%, which corresponds to 40% of all fine dust emissions generated by heavy traffic at the junction”. The system will soon be improved with an increase in the number of installations (from 17 to 23) and with the retrofit of the Filter Cubes III at the Neckartor traffic junction. These will
be equipped with a newly developed MANN+HUMMEL combifilter that includes a filter layer capable of retaining particles and additional activated carbon layers in order to absorb nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in addition to fine dust particles. Pollutants are retained using different processes: physical adsorption, chemical binding and catalytic reduction. Control electronics makes it possible to adapt the operation of the filters to match operating conditions and therefore to react to the current air quality. The sensors record air and weather data that are transferred to a cloud and then analyzed. In the last quarter of 2019, another project will start in Ludwigsburg, where MANN+HUMMEL is based, where filter cubes are used with combifilters. On the basis of the company’s own calculations and a simulation carried out by an independent engineering office, MANN+HUMMEL has calculated that 23 filter columns will be able to demonstrably reduce the concentration of pollutants along Friedrichstrasse, one the main streets in Ludwigsburg.
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BusToCoach on-line Magazine - June 2019
AUTONOMOUS SHUTTLE BUS IN SWITZERLAND High appreciation was shown for the Navya driverless bus tested by the Swiss Transport Lab in the Canton of Schaffhausen. The service will soon be extended ince March 2018, a driverless shuttle bus S is operating regularly on route 12 of Neuhausen am Rheinfall in the Swiss canton of
Schaffhausen. The vehicle was supplied by the French company Navya, which is specialized in the design and manufacturing of autonomous, electrified and automated vehicles. The pilot project is the result of the ‘Swiss Transit Lab’, a platform launched by four Swiss partners for research and development under real-life conditions of intelligent transport systems. The shuttle bus service is integrated into the existing public transport network and operates on a route that connects Industrieplatz with the center of Neuhausen am Rheinfall. The small autonomous bus has traveled 4,800 kilometers up to now and has trasported 24,700 passengers with an average of over 2,000 per month. Since February 2018, a total
of six training courses have been held and 12 staff members have been trained. Today, eight employees are working in shifts. «During the project», point out the managers, «it was decided to operate even during winter months and this allowed us to experience most difficult road conditions. For example, how the vehicle reacts to heavy rain and snow “. The appreciation of the inhabitants of Schaffhausen was high, as revealed from the surveys conducted by the ETH institute in Zurich, which is measuring the acceptance of the local population towards autonomous vehicles. Soon the route 12 will be extended to take passengers to and from the Rhine Falls Basin. An additional autonomous vehicle branded Navya (four-wheel drive vehicle with two engines) will be introduced and four additional bus stops will be added.
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COMPONENTS ON LINE For a comprehensive list of Suppliers of bus components in Italy and in Europe visit: www.bustocoach.com/en
HIGH TECH STORE
BusToCoach on-line Magazine - June 2019
ALLISON
new step has been made in the electric bus offer of Allison Transmission. This A is the ABE series, the first advanced ultra low-floor electric bus powertrain system. Presented last April at the Advanced Clean Technology Expo in California, the
new range of electric axles integrates dual electric motors, a single- or multi-speed gearbox (depending on the model of electric axle), oil coolers, pumps and power electronics into a bolt-in system that replaces the entire traditional powertrain within the existing frame. With a dual motor, it has a continuous axle output power of 536 hp (400 kW) and a maximum output power of 738 hp (550 kW). A single-speed electronic axle option is also available. Thanks to the compact design, the ABE series fits existing bus frames and suspen- sions, creating more space for battery packs and other critical electric vehicle components. The standard system is 70 cm but it has also an optional 1 meter configuration. This makes the system applicable to 12-meter low-floor city and double-decker buses, to 18-meter articulated buses and three-door buses. Meanwhile, Allison Transmission announced the acquisition of Vantage Power and the AxleTech’s electric vehicle (EV) systems division. The first is a London-based company specialized in the development of electric propulsion technologies and connected vehicles for medium- and heavy-duty vehicle manufacturers and their suppliers. AxleTech designs, manufactures and sells axles and integrated electrified axle solutions for on- and off-road heavy-duty commercial vehicles.
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Select products by category and read available components details: https://bustocoach.com/en/italycomponents/ https://bustocoach.com/en/europecomponents/
TELESTE
AKASOL
designed to improve safety and security of public places through Teleste’s Connected Zone concept, which was launched last year. After the success of the pilot project, two additional bus stops have been added to the ecosystem. The project also anticipates the testing of an autonomous bus route, scheduled for this summer, as part of the LuxTurrim5G test network. The latter is an ecosystem project led by Nokia Bell Labs which is developing and demonstrating a fast 5G network based on smart streetlight poles with integrated antennas, base stations, sensors, screens and other devices. This joint project opens new digitale services and business opportunities for a real smart city. At UITP 2019 (Stockholm, 9-12 June), the operation of the innovative bus stop will be displayed at the stand of Teleste (stand A5100).
(Stuttgart, 7-9 May). The flagship product is the AKA System AKM CYC, a high-energy battery solution for long-range applications. This solution enables fully electric city buses to be equipped with battery system capacities between 600 and 1,000 kWh. The battery can be fast charged up to a maximum power of 500 kW and is available in two standard versions. Serial production is scheduled for 2021. Akasol will also introduce the 2nd generation of the AKA System OEM PRC, which powers the Mercedes eCitaro with an installed capacity up to 294 kWh. It will offer over 33% more energy and will achieve approximately 400 kWh installed capacity in the same installation space. It is now in the test and validation phase and it will be available at the end of 2019, while serial production for two major commercial vehicle customers will start in the middle of 2020. The AKARack series (48V) for hybrid and electric vehicle applications is in the final stages of series development. It is a small 19-inch battery system that can be used for various applications. It is supplied with 6.5 kWh energy and has a powerful thermal management supported by the liquid cooling architecture. It will be available from the middle of 2020.
2018, Teleste built a smart bus stop at the Nokia he battery manufacturer AkaIN Campus in Espoo, Finland. The innovative bus stop, Tsol presented new solutions at which is part of the LuxTurrim5G ecosystem, has been the Battery Show Europe 2019
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BusToCoach on-line Magazine - June 2019
he Chinese manufacturer BYD has manaT ged to stand out and grow in the European bus market. From its arrival in Europe
in 1999, it sold about 700 buses and then invested in production with the opening of two factories, one in Hungary and the other one in France. The Komárom factory, located in northern Hungary, was inaugurated in April 2017 with an investment of 20 million euros. This is the first BYD electric bus factory in Europe as well as the first investment by a Chinese brand in new energies, always considering the European context. The plant occupies an area of 60 thousand square meters. It is a well-structured plant consisting of five buildings, including a bat-
FROM CHINA TO EUROPE
BYD has been producing its electric buses in Hungary for European customers since 2017 and in France for the local market since 2018
tery test and maintenance center. “300 people work there and up to 400 electric buses are assembled per year on two shifts”, underlines BYD Europe. In addition to electric-powered buses for the European market, all assembled on chassis coming from China, the Hungarian plant will also manufacture electric forklifts and trucks
THE CHINESE COLOSSUS BYD uild Your Dreams. From sector, the B the initials of these c o m p a n y three words, was created has delivethe name BYD Company Limited, a company based in Shenzen, a modern metropolis of south-eastern China. Listed on the Hong Kong and Shenzhen Stock Exchange, BYD is a high-tech multinational company that employs 220,000 people in the automotive, energy, electronics and rail transit sectors. Since its entry in the bus
red more than 50,000 fully electric-powered vehicles. The 12-meter BYD K9 is the first electric bus that was put into commercial operation in Shenzhen at the beginning of 2011. In April of this year, the Chinese manufacturer presen-
ted the longest electric bus in the world: a fully-electric double-decker bus which is 27 meters long. It is unique in its kind.
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and light commercial vehicles in accordance with the new business plan of the company. In 2018, BYD tested in Europe two prototype of electric trucks, a yard tractor designed for airport, port and distribution centers and a 7.5 ton electric truck. The launch is planned by the end of the year. Going back to buses, the vehicles for the Dutch clients Connexxion and Syntus and for the Swedish operator Nobina were manufactured at the Komárom plant. As part of the partnership between BYD and the British manufacturer Alexander Dennis (ADL), it is also manufacturing the 12-meter e-buses for the Zaventem airport in Brussels (30 buses were ordered, the first of which started to operate last March) and chassis for the United Kingdom. BYD Europe’s second factory is located in Beauvais, in northern France. It serves mainly as an assembly plant for the local market and since its opening in November 2018, it has delivered electric buses to three cities in France. The capacity is around 200 vehicles per year in this first stage. In Europe, BYD electric buses have been sold in more than twenty countries spread in about seventy cities. In January 2019, the 20th anniversary of
BYD Europe was celebrated in Schiedam, Holland, where the company is headquartered. «We will continue to be an industry innovator, working in close collaboration with academia, our customers and the relevant government and non-government bodies. We have the ability to remain a leader even in the face of intensifying competition, “said Isbrand Ho, Managing Director at BYD Europe. Other articles about BYD: https://bustocoach.com/en/costruttore/byd-europe-nl/
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BusToCoach on-line Magazine - June 2019
HOW MUCH ENERGY DOES IT CONSUME?
The Mercedes eCitaro was used for a demonstration test in order to explain the criteria that have to be adopted to measure overall electric bus consumption
test drive to measure the consumption A of electric buses took place in Mannheim. In early May, at the New Vehicle
Center of Mercedes-Benz Bus & Coach, the international press dealt with the problems related to the use of electric buses and, in more detail, to the measuring of energy consumption during regular service. The protagonist of the demonstration test was obviously the 12-meter Mercedes eCitaro equipped with three doors. We have already underlined its various qualities (see BusToCoach Magazine of April 2018) starting from the energy efficiency of the equipment that enables a range of about 170 km. In order to make a correct comparison of the consumption, it is necessary first of all to establish homogeneous starting conditions as far as battery charge level (maximum), vehicle weight (ballasted at 2/3 of the payload), test route and climatic conditions. In our test, of which we underline the purely demonstrative nature of the procedures and therefore of the results obtained, the weight of the eCitaro was 16,560 kilos and it accommodated about 30 journalists and 10 battery modules (243 kWh of total capacity). As a guide, we would like to remind you that the two-door version with twelve
battery modules (maximum supply) weighs 14.1 tons with a permissible maximum mass of 19.5 tons. The test drive was developed on 23 kilometers on the suburban streets of Mannheim with 14 intermediate stops; the external temperature was 12-15° and, before the start of the test, the temperature of the vehicle was set up to 22° and compressed air supply was filled to the maximum. It should be remembered that the eCitaro has a thermal management system for heating, ventilation and climate control specifically designed to reduce energy consumption by about 40% compared to the normal consumption of the Citaro with an internal combustion engine. This was achieved by powering thermo convectors at the bottom of the internal walls with a low-consumption heat pump, completed if necessary by the heating function of the roof-mounted air-conditioning system that uses CO2 as a coolant. Moreover, thanks to the axle load sensors, the output of the heating and climate control varies according to the number of passengers on board. Finally, all components that give off heat are linked together to reduce energy consumption to a minimum and to increase battery life, which
are cooled by means of a separate cooling device, boosted when necessary by the passenger-compartment climate control system. In order to keep the operating parameters under control, the driver has at his disposal a dashboard similar to the one of the Citaro diesel but with an immediate indicator of energy absorption or recovery positioned on the right, in place of the usual rev counter. Furthermore, the central display shows the range, the available power and the charge level. The driver can also increase energy recovery by acting on the electric brake lever located on the steering column, as for the classic retarder.
During the demonstration test, the central eCitaro energy management system was connected to a computer in order to display a screen with all consumption data, from moment to moment (see image on the side). Next to the speed indicator (on the left) is displayed the immediate percentage of power consumed (in red) or recovered (in green), while on the right is displayed the èè
IN THE PLANT IN MANNHEIM
ince the autumn of last S year, the historic plant in Mannheim (founded in
percentage of battery charge, the external and internal temperature, and the odometer. Underneath the first two indicators, three coloured bars respectively show the total power (in kW) that is being absorbed from the batteries (red), and the corresponding power sharing absorbed by the engine (blue) and by the utilities (green), i.e. climate control, door opening, and so on. In this case, it should be underlined that on the eCitaro the energy management system automatically redirects the energy recovered to the heating system when the batteries are at their full charge. On the right side of the battery charge indicator there are two columns showing the consumed kWh (highlighted in blue) and the average consumption in kWh/100km,
both total and absorbed by engine and utilities. Thanks to this instrumentation, the total consumption data recorded at the end of the test was 25.67 kWh, corresponding to an average consumption of 1.117 kWh/ km, split into 0.862 kWh/km absorbed by the engine and 0.255 absorbed by the utilities. It should be underlined that these data should not be taken as distinctive tout court of the eCitaro but in relation to the particular conditions in which the demonstration test took place, starting from the fairly critical weather conditions. Furthermore, when measuring the consumption of an electric bus, it is not enough to refer only to consumption in operation, but it is necessary to refer to the overall consumption during the charging phase which includes both losses between the electric socket and the charger and between the charger and the vehicle, both depending on the efficiency of the charging device. Using an 80 kW charger with a Combo-2 interface branded Eko Energetyka, it took about 20 minutes to recharge the 25.67 kWh batteries installed on the eCitaro and 29,892 kWh have been consumed. This
1908) has been set up for the manufacturing of the eCitaro. The assembly lines are the same as those used for the Citaro equipped with thermal engine. They share many intermediate workstations. The first step is the manufacturing of self-supporting bodies using laser cutting machi- When it is sent back to nes, bending robots, rotary Mannheim, the assembly positioners and ergonomic phase begins. Components are placed on the roof and the high voltage cables (orange) are laid from a raised position. Then the windows are glued, the platform is assembled, the air tanks and air conditioning pipes are installed. Then it’s the workstations for the weldi- turn of the electrical system ng phases. with the related laying of It’s then the phase of the the cables and the assemcathodic dip-paint coating bly of the rear axle with (KTL), with subsequent its electric motors on the drying at 90° and 220° and wheel hubs. sealing to prevent corro- From workstation to worksion. The bodywork is then station the eCitaro is comsent to the Neu-Ulm plant pleted until the pre-asfor paneling and painting. sembled battery modules means that during charging, 14.12% of the energy supplied was lost in the transfer from the network to the vehicle. In more detail, 5.92% was lost in the transfer from the network to the charger and 8.2% from the charger to the batteries. In conclusion, in order to measure the overall average consumption in kWh/km a mul-
are put together. It should be underlined that quality controls are constant throughout the assembly process. After this, in an area that can be accessed only by operators, the high-voltage system is checked. Lastly, the final test of the entire Citaro range take place. In addition to this, the eCitaro is also tested on the road, both inside and outside the plant.
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tiplicative factor must be introduced. In this case the factor was 1.16, which increases the initial 1,117 kWh/km to 1.302 kWh/km. The use of electric buses raises therefore completely new issues, starting from the evaluations of the energy costs of operation. Mercedes decided to share its criteria for a correct calculation methodology. Other articles about Mercedes-Benz: https://bustocoach.com/en/costruttore/evobus-mercedes/
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BusToCoach on-line Magazine - June 2019
IRIZAR - i8 14.38 INTEGRAL km
km/h
km/litre
Main Road
44.1
63.0
3.29
Highway (up)
Routes
46.9
68.6
2.54
Highway (down)
48
53.3
5.27
Highway (plain)
209.5
94.5
4.47
TOTAL
348.5
77.4
3.96
Performance index 0
7.66
km/litre
FUEL COMSUMPTION 5.27 3.29
Length mm 14,070 Width mm 2,550 Height with AC mm 3,980 Wheelbase mm 6,335+1,500 Front overhang mm 2,690 Rear overhang mm 3,545 Luggage m3 9.2* Turning circle mm 23,900 Test weight kg 22,510
*) Without toilet and driver’s bunk you get to 13.5 m3
COMFORT FOR LONG TRIPS
3.96
2.54
Main Road Down on the Highway TOTAL AVERAGE
DIMENSIONS
4.47
Up on the Highway Plain on the Highway
the top product of the touring IT'S range of the Spanish manufacturer. It replaced the previous PB model in
2015 and two years later it won the prestigious title of ‘Bus of the Year 2018’, convincing the board both for its aesthetic appeal and for its road performance. Its prestige is underlined by the chrome-plated inserts that delimit the bodywork. In order to identify it as a specialist for longdistance journeys, you have to get on board and experience the level of comfort and the
èè
T E S T
THE TEST ROUTE
PASSENGERS PASSEGGERI
Seats n. 53+1 Internal heigth mm 2,020 Aisle heigth mm 1,590 Aisle width mm 360 Entrances width mm 610-750 Raks capacity m3 1.54
Comfort
Seats type Irizar i8 A.C. Hispacold 38 kW Heater convectors Lighting Led Roof Hatches 2 manual Glazing double Audio Bosch Video 3 monitor Lcd Toilette Yes
Super seats
Altitudine (m)
Distanza (km)
to 59 passenger seats UP can be mounted on the 14-meter Irizar i8 Integral. The ve-
hicle under test featured, instead, 53 luxurious, reclining and extendable Irizar i8 series seats with horizontal seams (optionally it can feature a vertical design), equipped with side handle, leather upholstery on the headrest, side bands and armrests, complete with safety belts, rear table, footrest and USB socket for every row of seats. They are mounted on floor guides at the same height of the aisle, which is located approximately 1.6 meters from the ground, and raised by three steps in relation to the driver’s position. It is equipped with elegant open luggage racks (the doors are optional) with an external handrail that features two-intensity indirect white LED lights. On top of the luggage racks there is the slit for air conditioning distribution. Air
is also delivered through vents, included in the service set of the personal equipment (spaced out with speakers), that can be tightened. They also include LED lighting with touch-screen power buttons. Heating is provided by floor convectors powered by the Spheros Thermo 300.
It features three flat-screen monitors, one of which is a 21” monitor fitted to in the front body (with a digital clock) above the driver’s seat, while the other two 18.5” monitors are located on the right rear luggage rack, above the toilet and to the left of the partialized luggage rack.
•
richness of the equipment accessories, both in the passenger area and in the driving position. Not to mention the completely flat interior floor, whose base is placed under the seats, at the same level of the aisle, in order to ease passenger movement. One step further than the other Irizar touring coach series, the i6s is more suitable for medium-long distance coach hires. Both the chassis version and the Integral version of the i8 are almost 4 meters high (about 5 centimeters more than the i6S HDH) including the 25-centimeter fairing on the front of the roof, which hides the air conditioning system. The BusToCoach test drive was carried out with the i8 Integral version, that features a self-supporting structure and three axles
èè
COCKPIT
Platform heigth mm 1,080 Cockpit width mm 900 Cockpit depth mm 1,300 Cockpit heigth mm 2,400 Adjustment seat mm 200
Equipments
Seat type Isri Window electric Sunshade double, electric Blinds (left) electric Fridge 45 litres
Space dashboard or the driver, it is fitted with a F wraparound and elegant dashboard with chrome-plated inserts
which is ergonomic in the layout of the controls. Display visibility is protected by the wavy eyelid upper dashboard. At the center, it features the new fully digital control panel with color display. The system status indicators are now embedded in the lower part of the speedometer (fuel and AdBlue) and of the rev counter (liquid temperature and brake air pressure). At the center of the two instruments there is the numerical display of instantaneous speed and gear engaged. On the 12.32” high-definition display are shown all the information on the status of the vehicle, with menu page selection through the buttons placed on the multifunction steering wheel. On the steering wheel there are also the controls for radio volume adjustment, speed limiter setting and access to driver assistance systems. On the steering column, on the
right, there is the lever to change gear and activate the retarder. At the center of the dashboard, there are the instruments that are
part of the HMI interface system (climate, audio, video, media, cameras, GPS, Bluetooth, settings, etc.).
•
for a total length of 14.07 m. This length is in between the other available ones, 13.2 and 15 meters, in addition to the 12.4-meter two-axle version. As far as engine is concerned, the powertrain is more muscular and it is powered by the Paccar MX-13 engine with 530 hp (390 kW) coupled to the new ZF Traxon 12-speed automatic transmission. Ballasted up to 22.5 tons of total weight, the i8 14.38 Integral traveled 350 kilometers consuming an average of 1 liter of diesel + AdBlue every 4 kilometers (3.98 to be precise). Consumption was remarkable for a giant of this type, considering the weight, the height, (4 meters) that even if well linked creates a considerable impact with the air, and the high-performance of the engine. In order to further reduce consumption, it is still possible to choose a lower engine calibration (483 hp), always paying attention to the use to which the vehicle is intended. In order to make a comparison, we should refer to the test drive made three years ago with the 14-meter i8 built on Scania chassis. In that case, it was powered by a 490hp Scania DC-13 engine and the average consumption was 4.19 km/liter. As far as test drive impressions is concerned, the i8 Integral turned out to be very quiet in the passenger area, ergonomic in the driving position (with a relevant design) and very stable during the journey, either because it featured a third axle (steering at low speed) or for the effectiveness of the electronic suspension control. èè
kW 390
.
375
Power Nm
340
2,600 Torque
305
1,800
270 1,000
1,200
1,400
rpm/min
1,675
Over 500 hp
Power 530 cv (390 kW)/1,675 rpm Torque Nm 2,600/1,000-1,460 rpm Injection Common rail Compression ratio 18.5:1 Oil tank litres 40 Pollution Class Euro VI Gas Treatment EGR+SCR+DPF Life test vehicle km 2,903
BRAKES Full disc brakes. Electronically controlled EBS pneumatic system with ABS, ASR, BFD and secondary ZF Intarder 3 integrated in the gearbox.
SAFETY ESC, ACC, AEBS, LDWS, TPMS, Fire TYRES Continental Conti Coach HA3 M+S detection system in engine compart295/80 R 22.5 154/149M ment.
9 12 15 20 26 33
42
54
70 th
th
th
90 th
10
9
8
7
118
153
12
th
th
11
800 400 0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Km/h
90
100 110
120 130 140 150
TRANSMISSION The tested vehicle is fitted with the automated twelve-speed ZF TRAXON with integrated ZF Intarder 3. Transmission Ratio 2.71 Acceleration 0-100 km/h sec. 49
•
COACH: 3-AXLE COMPARED Modello
T
he i8 Integral series is coupled to the ZF Traxon 12-speed automatic gearbox and powered by the new generation DAF Paccar MX-13 engines. The 14-meter tested coach was powered by the most powerful 530-hp (390 kW) version, with a maximum torque of 2,600 Nm available between 1,000 and 1,460 rpm. With a displacement of 12.9 liters, the six-cylinder in-line engine adopts a variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) and a common rail injection system with high-pressure wide-angle injectors (max 2,500 bar). To reduce polluting emissions, the after-treatment system includes the partial recirculation of cooled exhaust gases (EGR), the diesel particulate filter (DPF) and the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with AdBlue injection to reduce NOx. The spacious engine compartment is accessible via three sides, where also fire detection sensors are installed.
1,200
The safety equipment fitted as standard is very important. As part of the braking system, it includes the electronic braking system (EBS), integrated by the braking force regulator BFD, by the AEBS for emergency braking and by the ESC for electronic stability control. Also for driving safety, it features Tempomat with ACC cruise control, the LDWS lane assistant, the TPMS tire monitoring system and the rear view camera. In the event of a fire in the engine compartment, the smoke alarm system intervenes in the driver’s compartment.
GEARBOX
rpm/min 1,675
6 th
ENGINE
SUSPENSIONS Full pneumatic with electronic control ECAS. Front and third axles ZF RL82EC with indipendent wheels. The drive axle is the ZF A132.
1 st 2 nd 3 th 4 th 5 th
DAF PACCAR MX-13 390 Displacement cc 12.895 Bore/Stroke mm 130/162 Geometry vertical 6 in line Position back
weight kg
cv (kW)
km/h
km/litre
Index
Irizar i8 14.38 Integral
E6
22,510
530 (390)
77.4
3.96
7.66
Scania Touring 13.7
E6
21,235
450 (331)
76.1
4.92
9.36
4.09
7.76
4.44
8.86
4.18
8.45
4.16
8.12
4.20
8.63
4.45
9.07
3.52
7.26
3.64
7.30
https://bustocoach.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/gennfebbr_2019_scania_en.pdf
Setra S 531 DT
E6
23,670
510 (375)
75.9
https://bustocoach.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/novembre_2018_setra_en.pdf
Setra S 519 HD
E6
21,580
476 (350)
79.8
https://bustocoach.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/dicembre_2017_setra.en_.pdf
Irizar i8 14.07
E6
23,150
490 (360)
80.9
https://bustocoach.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/marzo_2016_irizar_en.pdf
Mercedes Tourismo L E6
21,400
428 (315)
78.1
https://bustocoach.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/dicembre_2015_mercedes_en.pdf
Irizar i6 HDH 14.37
E6
23,640
490 (360)
81.2
https://bustocoach.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/aprile_2015_irizar_en.pdf
Setra S 516 HDH
E6
21,100
510 (375)
81.5
https://bustocoach.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/settembre_2014_setra_en.pdf
As per Irizar tradition, the side wheel arches are easily foldable and the doors of the luggage compartment open with a pantograph mechanism.
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Van Hool Astronef
E5
22,160
510 (375)
82.5
https://bustocoach.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/settembre_2012_vanhoolprova_en.pdf
Setra S 416 HDH
E5
21,442
455 (335)
80.3
https://bustocoach.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/25.07.2011_setra_en.pdf
Other articles about Irizar: https://bustocoach.com/en/costruttore/irizar-sdad-cooperativa-es/