Massachusetts Daily Collegian: Feb. 18, 2014

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Tuesday, February 18, 2014

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The meaning of the debt ceiling Breaking down a political puzzle

By Patrick Hoff Collegian Staff

President Obama signed legislation on Saturday that raised the country’s borrowing limit, or “debt ceiling,” until March 2015.

Though the debt ceiling has been in and out of the news for years, it can still be a confusing concept for Americans to understand, especially since it has always been tied to other legislation for the past three years. Here’s a breakdown of what it all means.

What is the debt ceiling?

JULIETTE SANDLEITNER/COLLEGIAN

Robert Cox delivers a lecture on the history of chowder at the eighth annual Amherst Founders’ Day Celebration.

Serving the UMass community since 1890

The debt ceiling, or debt limit, is the amount of money that the U.S. government is authorized to borrow in order to pay

off its existing obligations, including Social Security, Medicare benefits, military salaries, interest on the national debt, tax refunds and other responsibilities.

The debt limit does not authorize the government to spend any more money – it merely allows the government to pay for existing obligations that the president and Congress have already approved.

Imagine that the government has a credit card that they have charged many purchases to. Raising the debt limit is like asking the credit card company to raise the credit limit so that purchases that have already been made can be paid for.

Failure to raise the debt limit is worse than a government shutdown because if the debt limit is not raised, the United States defaults on its loans, causing strife for American families who see

DEBT CEILING on page 3

Gay marriage picks up Fund established in memory speed to Supreme Court of deceased Five College Same sex couples gain more support

By DaviD g. savage Tribune Washington Bureau The legal campaign for marriage equality is picking up speed, moving at a pace that has surprised even longtime advocates and increasing the likelihood of a definitive Supreme Court test as early as next year.

Efforts by some lawyers to plan a careful strategy for which cases to push forward to the high court have largely been put aside amid a rush of lower-court rulings striking down bans on same-sex marriage. The most recent came last week in Virginia, the first such ruling in the South.

“I don’t think there is any way to predict” which case will arrive at the Supreme Court first, lawyer David Boies said after the Virginia ruling.

In the last eight weeks, in addition to the Virginia decision, federal judges in Utah and Oklahoma have struck down laws limiting marriage equality. A federal judge in Kentucky ruled the state must recognize same-sex marriages from other states. And in Ohio, a federal judge issued a more narrow ruling that cast doubt on the state’s ban.

Increasingly, the judges are saying they can see no legitimate justification for denying marriage licenses to same-sex couples. With the Supreme Court having said that states cannot validly base marriage laws on traditional religious disapproval of homosexuality, the remaining justifications offered to defend the

laws fail to pass muster, the judges have ruled.

U.S. District Judge Arenda Wright Allen in the Virginia case began her opinion with a lengthy quotation from Mildred Loving, the plaintiff who successfully challenged Virginia’s law against interracial marriage in the high court in 1967.

That opening served notice that the judge, a former Navy lawyer appointed in 2011 by President Barack Obama, did not accept Virginia’s argument that history and tradition were enough to justify the state’s ban on same-sex marriage.

She also forcefully rejected the state’s argument that limiting marriage to heterosexual couples is good for children.

She noted that one of the two couples who sued Mary Townley and Carol Schall - have a 16-year-old daughter, Emily.

“Like the thousands of children being raised by same-sex couples, (Emily) is needlessly deprived of the protection, the stability, the recognition and the legitimacy that marriage conveys,” the judge wrote.

Though the state has “compelling interests in protecting and supporting our children,” they are “not furthered by a prohibition on same-sex marriage.”

If marriage is good for families, for children and for society - as all sides agree - then the state may not deprive its “gay and lesbian citizens of the opportunity and the right to choose to celebrate, in marriage, a loving, rewarding, monogamous relationship with a partner to whom they are committed for life,” she concluded.

The sequence of rulings amounts to “a fundamental shift in the legal landscape,” said Evan Wolfson, president of Freedom to Marry. Jurists increasingly are saying that “marriage discrimination against loving and committed gay couples is indefensible under our Constitution,” he said.

That shift is not limited to judges. The chief state attorneys in Virginia, Pennsylvania and Nevada refused to defend the constitutionality of their longstanding laws forbidding gay marriage.

The pace of the rulings may be more rapid than some Supreme Court justices would have preferred.

Last year, the high court avoided ruling directly on whether gays and lesbians had a constitutional right to marry. Instead, the justices issued a 5-4 ruling that struck down the federal Defense of Marriage Act and extended equal rights to legally married same-sex couples.

Although the ruling had a limited reach, it included broadly worded passages about equal rights that lower-court judges are now citing as a basis for striking down bans on same-sex marriage.

Most speculation about how the Supreme Court would handle a second round of same-sex marriage cases has focused on Justice Anthony M. Kennedy, a Reagan appointee who has written the court’s major gay rights opinions. He is often the swing vote between the court’s four Democratic appointees and its four conservative Republicans. see

GAY MARRIAGE on page 3

visionary and pioneer

Contributions by “Jackie was a liason to a wide range of Pritzen recognized academic committees during her long tenBy JosH Darling

Collegian Correspondent

A fund meant to finance academic programs in the Five College Consortium has been established in honor of a recently deceased, longtime member of the administration.

In honor of her numerous contributions, the Consortium has started the Jackie Pritzen Fund to ensure that her legacy of generosity and passion for higher learning lives on.

Kicked off last November by a donation from Hampshire College alumna Jacqueline R. Slater, the fund has already raised over $165,000 in Pritzen’s honor.

“Jackie was liaison to a wide range of academic committees during her long tenure with the Consortium,” Five College communications director Kevin Kennedy said. “In recognition of her versatility, funding will be awarded to Five College academic programs based on applications submitted to the consortium.”

Kennedy went on to say that applications would be taken on a rolling basis, and will begin this fall.

The generous spirit and academic focus embodied by the fund is quite representative of the person it was named in honor of.

A Fulbright scholar and Yale graduate by the time she began working for the Five College Consortium in 1969, Pritzen worked tirelessly and selflessly

ure with the Consortium. In recognition of her versatility, funding will be awarded to Five College academic programs based on applications submitted to the consortium.”

Kevin Kennedy, Five College communications director

to help lead and establish many of the collaborative projects enjoyed

by Five College students today. Over the course of her 25-year career with the Consortium, Pritzen played a leading role in establishing the African Studies Council, American Indian Studies, the Center for East Asian Studies, Coastal and Marine Sciences, East Asian Languages and the Latin American Studies Council. She is also credited with developing the first coordinated Five Colleges Calendar, greatly facilitating cooperative efforts between the schools.

Pritzen reflected on these and her many other contributions in a 1995 interview following her retirement. “(The presidents of each of the Five Colleges) saw a new era coming, and knew that not all institutions would be able to keep up with the knowledge explosion,” Pritzen said. “(Colleges in the Pioneer Valley area) weren’t going to be able to expand their curriculum and student body the way larger places could, so they looked to each other for help.”

T his posthumous fund is not the first time

Pritzen’s contributions to the Five Colleges have been officially recognized.

Upon her retirement in 1995, the Five Colleges initiated the annual Jackie Pritzen Lecture. The lecture is free and open to the public, and has hosted a variety of interesting guest speakers and topics in the years since its inception. One notable example is the physicist who discussed a potential theoretical basis for time travel.

Beyond her numerous academic contributions, Pritzen was a beloved and gregarious member of the Pioneer Valley community. She was a diehard Red Sox fan, an apt political conversationalist and a great cook. She garnered the reputation of a true and caring friend, always lending an ear to those in need.

Pritzen died on Aug. 10, 2013 – two days after her 83rd birthday. Her life and legacy was celebrated at the Hampshire College Red Barn on Feb. 16 from 2 to 4 p.m.

Josh Darling can be reached at jmdarling@umass.edu

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THE MASSACHUSETTS DAILY COLLEGIAN

Tuesday, February 18, 2014

THE RU N D OW N ON THIS DAY...

In 1954, the first Church of Scientology was established in Los Angeles, Calif. The church had been incorporated a year earlier in Camden, NJ by L. Ron Hubbard.

AROUND THE WORLD

North Korea BEIJING — Torture, deliberate starvation and other abuses carried out by North Korean authorities - possibly on the orders of supreme leader Kim Jong Un himself - constitute crimes against humanity and should be referred to an international court or tribunal for prosecution, United Nations investigators said Monday.

“These crimes against humanity entail extermination, murder, enslavement, torture, imprisonment, rape, forced abortions and other sexual violence, persecution on political, religious, racial and gender grounds, the forcible transfer of populations, the enforced disappearance of persons and the inhumane act of knowingly causing prolonged starvation,” said a 400-page report unveiled in Geneva by the U.N. Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in North Korea.

North Korea, in a statement provided to news agencies in Geneva, rejected the panel’s findings.

Los Angeles Times

South Korea SEOUL, South Korea — At least eight people died and dozens were trapped on Monday after a building in the South Korean city of Gyeongju collapsed, local media reported.

Rescue workers were attempting to free around 15 students trapped in the rubble of a resort complex that was hosting an introductory event for some 550 first-year students at the Busan University of Foreign Studies, the Korea Herald newspaper reported.

The remaining students attending the event, more than 70 of whom suffered injuries as a result of the collapse, have already been safely removed from the premises.

Local media reported that the roof of the building had collapsed under the weight of a large amount of snow. dpa

Pakistan PESHAWAR, Pakistan — The Pakistani government’s improbable bid to negotiate a truce with Islamist insurgents verged on collapse Monday after reports that militants had executed 23 paramilitary soldiers held captive since 2010.

Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif condemned the “heinous, criminal act” and government negotiators canceled scheduled talks with Islamist representatives.

A militant group operating in the Mohmand tribal area, in northwest Pakistan near the Afghan border, issued a statement late Sunday claiming responsibility for the killings of the Frontier Corps paramilitary soldiers, believed to have been captured in an attack on a checkpoint in 2010.

The militant group, which operates under the umbrella of the outlawed Pakistani Taliban, said the soldiers were executed in retaliation for the deaths of the group’s supporters in military custody.

Los Angeles Times Distributed by MCT Information Services

DailyCollegian.com

USS Cole hearing to Drug maker battle be haulted at prison health warning rule Guantanamo Bay trials postponed

By Carol rosenBerg The Miami Herald

An Army judge abruptly recessed the first military commission session of the year Monday because the alleged architect of al-Qaida’s 2000 USS Cole bombing may want to fire his lawyer.

One-time waterboarded Saudi prisoner Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri, 49, is scheduled to face trial in September. The judge, Army Col. James L. Pohl, had scheduled eight days of hearings to address defense and prosecution representation questions, efforts by alNashiri’s lawyers to narrow the case - as well as postponing the trial until at least February 2015.

But al-Nashiri’s deathpenalty defender, Rick Kammen, a civilian, told the judge moments into the hearing that the prisoner wanted to fire him. He asked for two days to work with the accused on preserving the relationship. Pohl agreed.

He recessed until Wednesday and said, if the hearings go forward, he’ll hold Saturday and Sunday sessions to make up time.

Al-Nashiri, who could be executed if convicted as the mastermind of the suicide bombing of the $1 billion warship off Yemen in October 2000, sat silently in the courtroom for the 10-minute hearing.

The case prosecutor, Navy Cmdr Andrea Lockhart, asked the judge to question al-Nashiri directly on the issue. Pohl declined.

There was no immediate word from family members of the 17 American service members who died in the attack. They were brought to the base on Sunday to watch the proceedings.

Parents of some of the slain sailors make the pilgrimage to this remote base in southeast Cuba for each hearing, as guests of the prosecution, and have expressed anger at what they see as defense stalling tactics.

Defense lawyers say the death penalty and secret nature of the proceedings have prolonged this phase.

They also cite al-Nashiri’s waterboarding and other “torture” in U.S. custody, which has left him suffering

post traumatic stress disorder.

Under military commissions rules, an accused terrorist facing a possible death penalty must have a learned defense counsel on his team. Only Kammen currently qualifies in that role although al-Nashiri also had three military defense lawyers at his table for Monday’s hearing.

Two were new to the team: Navy Cmdr. Brian Mizer, who had previously defended Osama bin Laden’s driver, Salim Hamdan, at a military commissions trial, and Army Maj. Tom Hurley, who had previously been part of Army Pfc. Chelsea Manning’s court-martial defense team.

Until Monday, the Saudi prisoner appeared to have a working relationship with Kammen, a seasoned deathpenalty defense lawyer from Indianapolis. The two met in 2008, and al-Nashiri accepted him to his team.

Navy Cmdr Stephen Reyes, Nashiri’s first Pentagonapproved military lawyer, brought Kammen to the team and recently left for studies at Harvard.

Another civilian lawyer who has represented al-Nashiri since Mary 2008, Nancy Hollander of Albuquerque, N.M., was at the court Monday as well to protest to the judge that the prison had not let her see the man for a year. But Pohl recessed before that issue was heard.

The United States captured al-Nashiri two years after the Cole attack. But he was held in secret CIA custody overseas, waterboarded and interrogated using other now banned techniques. President George W. Bush had him moved to Guantanamo for trial in September 2006.

Pretrial motions haggle over evidence and legal questions before a military jury is brought to this U.S. Navy base in southeast Cuba to hear the case.

On the eve of the hearings, the chief prosecutor, Army Brig. Gen. Mark Martins, called the prolonged process “an indispensable part of this sharply adversarial process” and “necessary to the fair and open administration of justice.”

Martins himself was expected to be at issue

at Monday’s hearing.

Mysterious, recent legislation by Congress requires the Pentagon’s chief war crimes prosecutor to be of same rank as the chief defense counsel.

But Martins outranks the chief defense counsel, Air Force Col. Karen Mayberry, a problem that could be remedied with a waiver from Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel, according to a Pentagon spokesman, Army Lt. Col. Todd Breasseale.

Al-Nashiri’s lawyers, who have frequently complained that they are outgunned in resources, filed an emergency motion last week to freeze the proceedings to review Martins’ status. It was still under seal at the war court while intelligence agents reviewed the motion’s suitability for the public to read.

On Monday, only Pentagon prosecution lawyers were present at the court and two Department of Justice attorneys were, inexplicably, no longer part of the team. Gone were Anthony Mattivi, an assistant U.S. attorney in Topeka, Kan., and Joanna Baltes, an expert on classification issues based in Washington, D.C. A document explaining who was officially detailed to the case was under seal at the war court website.

This week’s hearings were expected to recess Thursday to make room at the maximum-security courtroom for the arraignment of another alleged terrorist accused of shopping for boats and navigational systems at al-Nashiri’s behest. Ahmed al Darbi, 39, and at Guantanamo since August 2002, faces terrorism charges related to the purchases and al-Qaida’s bombing of a Frenchflagged oil tanker, the Limburg, off the coast of Yemen in October 2002.

It was not immediately known if the judge in that case, Air Force Col. Mark Allred, would hold the arraignment sooner.

The Darbi prosecution is the fifth non-capital case at the Obama war court, where the previous four arraignments featured plea deals agreeing to cooperate with Pentagon prosecutors in exchange for eventual, certain release from Guantanamo.

Trolleys continue ‘dorm

to downtown’ service New option for transportation By ariel DiCkerman Collegian Correspondent

In October 2013, the newly appointed Executive Director of the Amherst Business Improvement District, Sarah la Cour, wanted to try something different.

The Amherst Business Improvement District (BID) is a non-profit organization formed in 2011 with the intent to increase economic activity in Amherst by holding events and services for Amherst residents and businesses. But that wasn’t enough for la Cour, who said that the Amherst BID “realized on Parents Weekend that Amherst students don’t really know about downtown.”

She thought that transporting UMass students directly from their dorms to downtown Amherst would benefit businesses even more.

The organization planned to buy two heated trolleys

to run a nine-stop, 25-minute loop on weekend evenings, “dorm to downtown,” as la Cour put it, entirely free of charge. La Cour said the purpose of the trolley was to encourage UMass students to “experience town in daylight hours.”

The service began around Thanksgiving, ran until winter break and is back for the new semester. The trolley is funded by the Amherst BID, but has not been in action long enough to determine an exact cost.

Is this in competition with the Pioneer Valley Transit Authority? La Cour said that she is not concerned about low ridership, and said she, “feels like we’re offering a different service. It has different stops, a different route and the PVTA doesn’t run on Thatcher Way. We worked closely with UMass Transit to develop this. It’s a gap service, which means that it operates when they have less buses on the road.”

The trolley is scheduled to run until 9 p.m. on Thursdays

and Fridays, and 8 p.m. on Saturdays and Sundays.

According to UMass freshman Michelle Lensch, “The bus runs here until like five on the weekends.”

Lensch said, “I have (heard of the trolley), I’m not really sure about the schedule or anything… it would be nice if they put something out.”

When a Collegian correspondent was sent to try the trolley, it failed to stop and accept riders, twice passing her in an almost empty vehicle.

The trolley is “just getting ridership going. We put an ad in the Collegian, we have posters up in all the residential halls and we’re working on getting music outfitted on it. We’re thinking it could be popular,” la Cour said.

The trolley does seem to be something different. La Cour hopes it will succeed to “engage students in the downtown area in a fun way.”

Ariel Dickerman can be reached at adickerman@umass.edu.

Cautions about “Patients should have health risks required the same rights to

By DaviD g. savage

Tribune Washington Bureau

Companies that make generic drugs, the medications most Americans buy, are fighting to kill a proposed federal regulation that would require them for the first time to warn patients of all the known health risks of each drug they sell.

The proposed rule change by the Food and Drug Administration “would be nothing short of catastrophic,” said Ralph G. Neas, president of the Generic Pharmaceutical Association, an industry trade group. It could raise health care costs and “create dangerous confusion” for doctors and patients, he said.

At issue is a legal loophole created by Supreme Court rulings that drew a sharp distinction between brand-name drugs and lower-cost generics, which are the same products but usually are marketed under their chemical names.

In 2009, the high court confirmed drug makers could be sued if they failed to warn patients that a brand-name drug carried a serious potential health risk.

The decision upheld a $7 million jury verdict for Diana Levine, a Vermont violinist whose lower arm was amputated after she was injected with an anti-nausea drug made by Wyeth. The drug sometimes caused gangrene if injected into an artery.

But the Supreme Court majority flipped when confronted with a generic drug that also caused a horrible side effect.

Last year, a 5-4 ruling tossed out a $21 million verdict awarded by a lower court to Karen Bartlett, a New Hampshire woman who was disfigured, badly burned and nearly blinded after she had a rare, but previously reported, reaction to a prescription painkiller.

Had Bartlett taken the brand-name drug Clinoril for her shoulder pain, she would have won her claim.

But her pharmacist gave her the generic drug sulindac. And at the time, the product label did not warn patients or their doctors of the rare reaction, known as Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Nonetheless, the court ruled generic makers were shielded from lawsuits such as Bartlett’s.

Ju s t i c e Clarence Thomas, who cast a key vote, reasoned that because federal regulations say generics must be exact copies of the approved brandname drugs, their makers cannot revise or update warning labels when new risks come to light. And so, he said, they cannot be sued for failing to warn consumers.

The dissenters said this made little sense. “Nothing in the court’s opinion convinces me that ... Congress intended these absurd results,” said Justice Sonia Sotomayor.

In November, the FDA proposed to fix the problem by allowing generic makers to change their warning labels when reports of new problems arise.

“In the current marketplace, approximately 80 percent of drugs dispensed are generic drugs,” the agency said. “Accordingly, there is a need for (generic drug producers) to (be) able to independently update

seek compensation if they are injured by a drug, regardles of whether it is a brandname or a generic.”

Henry A. Waxman, co-sponsor of 1984 Hatch-Waxman Act

product labeling to reflect certain newly acquired safety information.”

The proposed rule change would extend legal liability as well. Any company that makes generic drugs would have an “independent responsibility to ensure its product labeling is accurate and up-todate,” the FDA said.

The proposal met fierce opposition from the generic drug industry. Its members said they “cannot support a proposed rule that undermines public health merely to facilitate litigation against generic drug companies by the plaintiff ’s bar.”

Neas, who heads the industry group, noted that generics had lowered many Americans’ health care costs. A study by the independent IMS Institute for Healthcare Informatics said generics had lowered health care costs by $1.2 trillion over the last decade.

Neas formerly led the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights and the liberal advocacy group People for the American Way, and he was credited with helping organize a national campaign that helped derail the Supreme Court nomination of Judge Robert Bork in 1987.

Neas described his group’s fight against the proposed rule change as a national public education campaign.

“Our aim is to get the facts out there,” he said.

“This will go for some time.

I don’t believe this (proposed) rule benefits anyone in the health care system.”

The FDA had planned to complete work on the proposal after hearing comments through January.

It agreed to postpone the deadline until March in response to complaints from the generic drug makers.

But the rule change has the backing of congressional leaders who follow health policy. They include Rep. Henry A. Waxman, D-Calif., co-sponsor of the 1984 Hatch-Waxman Act, which is credited with spurring the widespread adoption of generic drugs.

“Patients should have the same rights to seek compensation if they are injured by a drug, regardless of whether it is a brand-name or a generic,” Waxman said in an interview. “It doesn’t make sense,” he said, to have patients’ rights depend on which version of a drug they took.

A growing number of drugs are sold only as generics. That shift argues for changing the federal warning rules, said Dr. Michael Carome, director of Public Citizen’s Health Research Group, a nonprofit organization.

“Many potential hazards are not discovered until years after drugs have been on the market,” he said.

“The proposed rule would remedy this public health problem” by requiring generic makers to disclose new safety risks as they are known, he added.

THE MASSACHUSETTS DAILY COLLEGIAN

DailyCollegian.com

GAY MARRIAGE But Kennedy may not be the primary advocate for a go-slow approach. In last year’s rulings, he dissented from the court’s decision to resolve a case over California’s Proposition 8 without ruling on whether gay couples had a constitutional right to marry.

Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, a champion of women’s rights and a liberal stalwart, joined the ruling in that case.

She has long argued the court made a mistake in its Roe vs. Wade decision that struck down all state abortion restrictions. A step-by-step approach in the courts would have had a less polarizing effect on the country, she has said.

In the end, however, no one doubts that Ginsburg would support same-sex marriage. In August, she officiated at the marriage of the Kennedy Center’s president, Michael Kaiser, to his male partner.

Both Kennedy and Ginsburg pay close attention to the trends in the states and in the courts.

And on same-sex marriage, the tide has been flowing in one direction.

Currently, 17 states and the District of Columbia allow gay couples to marry.

Political opposition to same-sex marriage also has waned. Rather than criticizing gay people, some Republican lead-

DEBT CEILING

continued from page 1

rely on Medicare and Social Security benefits and causing the nation’s financial credibility to be shaken on a global scale. Other countries may stop lending money to the United States, and economies around the world would be weakened because of the interconnectivity of the global economy.

The U.S. debt ceiling has existed since 1917.

ers have emphasized the importance of letting voters have the final word.

Ed Gillespie, the former Republican Party chairman who is running for a Senate seat in Virginia, faulted the judge for intervening in such a contentious issue.

“This is a matter the people of Virginia should be free to decide, rather than having a federal judge impose law by judicial fiat,” he said in a statement Friday.

Another indication came this month from Indiana, where the Re p u b l i c a n - c o n t r o l l e d Legislature decided not to put a constitutional ban on same-sex marriage on the ballot this fall. The measure has been put off until at least 2016.

So far, the recent rulings on marriage have come from federal district courts. Before any case

gets to the Supreme Court, the intermediate level appeals courts will weigh in.

The 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Denver will go first, with oral arguments scheduled for April on the cases from Oklahoma and Utah. The Virginia ruling will go to the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Richmond, Va., and the Kentucky case will go to the 6th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Cincinnati. The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, based in San Francisco, has a pending appeal from Nevada but has not scheduled arguments.

Once an appeals court hands down a decision, the losing side will have 90 days to file an appeal in the Supreme Court. As a result, a ruling that comes this summer could easily reach the justices in time for a decision in 2015.

Renzi nominated as the Italian prime minister President chooses mayor of Florence

“I will put in all the effort, energy and enthusiasm of which I am capable.”

Matteo Renzi, Prime Minister nominee

By Alvise Armellini dpa

Italy’s leader-in-waiting said Monday that he would need “a few days” to form a new Italian government, but he promised that as prime minister he would launch major reforms to revive the country’s moribund economy and modernize its inefficient political structures.

Matteo Renzi, who leads the center-left Democratic Party, or PD, and is mayor of Florence, was nominated for the premiership by President Giorgio Napolitano.

It was widely expected, following last week’s Renziorchestrated ouster of the outgoing premier, Enrico Letta.

“I will put in all the courage, effort, energy and enthusiasm of which I am capable,” Renzi said, before returning to Florence to attend his last city council meeting.

Renzi showed up for presidential talks looking serious, in a dark suit and tie. But the normally casual 39-year-old retained a degree of informality, driving around with no escort, and posing for pictures with fans in Rome’s train station.

He reiterated that he wanted to lead a government until the end of the current parliamentary term, in 2018, and indicated that it would take “a few days” to form it.

Renzi still needs to pick a team of ministers, return to Napolitano for a swearing-in ceremony, and secure a vote of confidence in both houses of parliament before he can officially take office. The process could be over by the end of the week.

He accepted the premiership “with reserve” - a usual precaution that allows prospective leaders to sound out coalition partners before formally taking up office.

Once installed, Renzi pledged to deliver reforms in quick-fire succession: a parliamentary breakthrough on a new electoral law and other

urgent institutional changes was scheduled for February, followed by a jobs package in March, bureaucratic and tax overhauls in April and May. There were expectations that Renzi could have been quicker in forming the government, but Italian media reported that he got bogged down in negotiations with coalition partners, such as the New Center Right Party of outgoing deputy premier Angelino Alfano.

He remains on track to become Italy’s youngest-ever head of government - beating by a few weeks Fascist dictator Benito Mussolini - and the youngest in the European Union, a bloc whose rotating presidency will fall on Italy from July 1.

Former British Labor Prime Minister Tony Blair often evoked as a model for Renzi - gave him his endorsement.

“The challenges are absolutely formidable but Matteo has the dynamism, creativity and toughness to succeed, with the combination of realism and idealism necessary for the times in which we live,” Blair told the Italian news agency Adnkronos.

“Europe needs Italy to take its rightful place in the leadership of Europe, and Europe’s leaders should get fully behind Matteo as he takes responsibility for the future of his country,” Blair added.

Renzi also celebrated his first election victory since taking over the PD in December: His party’s candidate Francesco Pigliaru won Sunday’s regional elections in Sardinia, unseating conservative incumbent Ugo Cappellacci.

The Sardinian vote, however, was marked by a very low turnout, down to 52.2 per cent compared to 67.5 per cent in 2009. It was seen as another sign of voters’ apathy towards politicians, which Renzi has

pledged to counter.

He faces a somewhat hostile public opinion, after breaking a promise to seek the premiership only after a general election win. An Ipsos poll broadcast Sunday on RAI state television indicated that 64 percent of voters were unhappy about the Renzi-Letta handover.

Most Italians would have preferred to return to the polls to pick a new leader, Ipsos said. But Napolitano and Renzi ruled it out, because current electoral rules are almost certain to deliver a hung parliament, prolonging political instability.

The Ipsos survey showed that 52 per cent of Italians agreed that reforms under the outgoing government had stalled, suggesting that Renzi could regain popularity if he managed to unblock the political stalemate.

“The entire country, even those who would never vote for him and perhaps do not appreciate his brusque manners, should hope that Renzi will make it,” the Corriere della Sera said in a front-page editorial.

Several commentators suggested that he took a gamble in ousting party colleague Letta because he feared that perceived government inaction could have cost the PD a big defeat in May 25 European Parliament elections.

In those polls, the PD faces a challenge from the anti-establishment Five Star Movement of comedian Beppe Grillo and from the opposition conservative Forza Italia party of former premier Silvio Berlusconi.

The political turmoil has failed to unsettle markets.

Yields on Italian 10-year bonds fell to 3.60 per cent, the lowest level since January 2006, while the spread - or yield differential - with German 10-year bonds shrank to 191 basis points.

How does the debt ceiling get raised?

In order to raise the debt limit, Congress must vote and the president must approve the bill. A potential problem with this system arises when Congress and the president have different agendas or a political party wants to use the debt limit as a bargaining chip.

For the past three years, the Republican-controlled House of Representatives has tied the debt limit increase to another piece of legislature in an attempt to get Democrats to negotiate, a tactic that has led to a number of high-profile political debates and the downgrading of the U.S. credit rating.

In 1995, the debt ceiling was not raised, leading to a government shutdown.

The debt limit was raised at least 90 times in the 20th century and has been raised 15 times since 2001.

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Tuesday, February 18, 2014

continued from page 1

Does every country have a debt limit?

No – in fact, it’s unusual that the United States has a separate measure for borrowing money separate from the federal budget.

Denmark is the only other democratic country to have such a system. In most countries, the amount that the government can spend is tied to how much money the country is allowed to borrow.

Why does the United States have a debt limit?

Short version: Congress created it to save time so that they would not have to approve every single loan or debt individually. Some argue that in today’s government it is outdated and should be tied to the federal budget, which it was for about 30 years.

Long version: Prior to 1917, the Congress had to individually approve each loan or allow the Treasury to issue certain debt instruments for specific purposes. During World War I, Congress passed the Debt Ceiling Law, which allowed the executive branch to issue bonds and take on other debt as long as it fell under a certain amount, called the debt ceiling. In the 1930s,

Congress created the first limit on accumulated debt of any kind, meaning that all federal debt now had a limit on it.

Prior to the Budget Act of 1974, the debt limit played a crucial part in the federal budget, giving Congress an opportunity to hold hearings and debates on the budget.

After the budget process was reformed, however, the debt limit lost some of its prowess. In 1979, the “Gephardt Rule” was passed, which raised the debt ceiling when a federal budget was passed.

Congress repealed this rule in 1995.

Why is there a big political battle every time the debt ceiling is raised?

Historically, this has not been the case. It has only been recently that Congress and the president have gone to battle over the debt limit.

Prior to the 1970s, it was merely a legal budgetary formality that the president and Congress underwent but after the passage of budget resolutions, it became a political tool that Congress would use against each other and the president.

The debt limit has been raised five times under President Obama and is now up to $17.2 trillion.

Patrick Hoff can be reached at pphoff@umass.edu.

Years of teamwork pays off in gold for American skaters

By PhiliP hersh Chicago Tribune

Seventeen years.

Seventeen years of skating together, learning together, growing up together.

Seventeen years since an 8-year-old and a 9-year-old were thrown together as an ice dance team, a pairing that irritated the younger member, Charlie White. He already had been doing it for six months, and Meryl Davis was just starting, so he was back to dance Square One while she caught up - quickly.

Seventeen years during which Davis said there never was doubt about whether they should stick it out.

Seventeen years leading to a free dance so physically and mentally demanding it left them looking as if they had spent 17 years of energy on the four minutes of skating, unable to do anything but collapse into each other’s arms when it was over Monday night at the Iceberg Skating Palace.

Seventeen years for a moment, the moment when the scores were announced and two kids from Michigan realized all that work and time with each other had made them the first U.S. skating couple to win an Olympic gold medal, either in dance or pairs.

“You dream of the opportunity, and being able to put in the work every day to make it happen is a tribute to our partnership,” White said.

“We prepared ourselves so well for what we wanted to put onto the ice and focused so hard on that we weren’t really prepared for what might happen,” Davis said.

Such relentless effort was needed for Davis and White to beat the 2010 Olympic champions, Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir of Canada, who had become not only fierce rivals but friends during the decade they have trained together under the same coaches in Canton, Mich.

“The struggles, the rivalry, knowing if you’re not perfect then you can forget about your dreams, with that constant striving for perfection, you have to look in the mirror

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Meryl Davis and Charlie White skate theirway to gold at the Sochi Olympics. and figure out every day what it is going to take to get there,” White said. “You mature a lot quicker under that kind of pressure.”

Virtue and Moir had been the first North American ice dancers to win Olympic gold.

Both couples had become so good they would lose only to the other in the four years beginning with the Vancouver Olympics, when Davis and White were the silver medalists.

“We’re linked forever,” White said.

But he and White have separated themselves from the Canadians in the judges’ eyes. Skating the free dance to music from the ballet “Scheherazade,” the U.S. couple continued a dominance over Moir and Virtue that has reached six competitions in a time span fast approaching the 1,001 nights in the story Rimsky-Korsakov put to music.

Davis and White won both the short and free dances with season bests, their total score of 195.52 beating Virtue and Moir by 4.53 points.

“No athlete likes to sit in this position,” Moir said, referring to second place, “but it is easier when you know how hard these guys worked.”

Virtue and Moir have said this will be their last season as competitors, while Davis and White have made no decision. Both U.S. skaters have been intermittent students at Michigan.

The next great dance team clearly is going to be Russians

Elena Ilinykh and Nikita Katasalapov, who took third with the most compelling free dance of the night. Their interpretation of “Swan Lake,” full of poses and movements that turned the arena into the Bolshoi Theater, was utterly balletic and seamless.

The intensity of the “Scheherazade” sections coach Marina Zoueva chose for Davis and White suited perfectly the power and athleticism that have come to define their skating. The most striking feature of the way they performed it was a feeling for tempo, their skating changes of pace matching the shifts in the music’s speed. That is an understanding White said they had not developed until three years ago.

Virtue and Moir’s free dance music was an unfortunate mash-up of Russian classical pieces cut and pasted into something that would have confounded even Ginger Rogers and Fred Astaire. No matter that they skated exceptionally well Monday, no matter that they were supposed to be interpreting the turbulence of life, a sense of fragmentation prevailed.

Davis and White skated last. Two Russian couples had gone immediately before them, sending the crowd into its usual partisan paroxysm.

“The moments before we take the ice are difficult,” White said. “It is probably the most nervous you will be in a lifetime.”

Or at least in 17 years.

Opinion Editorial THE MASSACHUSETTS DAILY COLLEGIAN

Tuesday, February 18, 2014

“The problem is not to find the answer, it’s to face the answer.” -Terence McKenna

Editorial@DailyCollegiancom

Comcast-TWC Celebrity’s death a potential wake up call merger ‘worrisome’

On Thursday, Comcast announced its unprecedented decision to acquire longtime competitor Time Warner

Johnny McCabe Cable in a merger valued at $45 billion. Along with the entirety of Time Warner’s stock holdings, Comcast will bring its 11 million cable subscribers into the fold, upping the total subscriber count for the Comcast/ Time Warner hybrid to a staggering 30 million television and internet users, just under 30 percent of the total cable and internet market share in the United States.

The terms of the merger have already been finalized by each constituent, leaving it up to the FCC to approve the transaction, which could become reality by the end of this year. With the memory of recent NSA surveillance revelations fresh in people’s minds and the consequences of the FCC’s controversial net neutrality rulings on the horizon, Comcast’s promises of higher quality cable content and faster internet seem all too much like the false sympathies of a

ple of vertical consolidation; Comcast owns every aspect that goes into media programming, from production all the way down to distribution.

This allows it to tailor-make content for its own services and exert an incalculable amount of influence over new media, television programming and internet technology.

Controlling every aspect of its own service to such an extent as would be feasible by the merger would allow Comcast to effectively subsidize its own production costs within itself, generating upwards of “$1.5 billion in operating efficiencies a year,” the company told the Washington Post.

At this point, it becomes hard to imagine a future in which one single entity possesses so much clout in shaping the future landscape of internet and television. This consideration becomes all the more grave with recent accusations over the sanctity of “net neutrality” and allegations that some ISPs have been selectively throttling the bandwidth capabilities of streaming services like Netflix. As

At this point, it becomes hard to imagine a future in which one single entity possesses so much clout in shaping the future landscape of internet and television. future media behemoth.

Comcast CEO Brain Roberts, however, is doing his best to alleviate both consumer concerns and regulatory flak. “In addition to creating a world-class company,” Roberts said in a press release, “this is a compelling financial and strategic transaction for our shareholders.” Comcast also plans to appease regulators by offloading as many as 3 million of its potential cable subscribers to Charter Communications, Inc., a Connecticut-based cable provider who lost out on the Time Warner deal. Doing so would keep the Comcast/TWC hybrid just under federal limits designed to prevent monopolies and market dominance, thus technically making the merger viable to the FCC. In actuality, however, the true extent of Comcast’s control would be much more disconcerting.

Comcast’s central rationale in supporting the ethical veracity of the merger is that it is already the dominant cable and internet service provider in the majority of the areas in which it operates. Since there is little to no overlap between these areas and Time Warner’s, there is no foreseeable impact on any prospective competitor.

The one catch is that there are no prospective competitors: Comcast and Time Warner already shared between them the overwhelming majority of market areas in the country, even if there was no overlap of one against the other. This merger, along with Comcast’s acquisition of NBC Universal in 2011, is a textbook exam-

formidable as companies like Netflix and even Google are, they exist primarily in a digital format and are beholden to the whims of service providers (like Verizon, AT&T and of course, Comcast) to deliver their content to the consumer.

The predominant fear is that massive providers, not unlike Comcast, can selectively favor their own content with faster internet speeds and higher quality streaming, effectively strangling the competition. For the immediate future, Comcast was sure to clarify in the press release that the new company post-merger will be committed to the net neutrality statutes that were voluntarily adopted after the NBC merger, but this is little more than an empty promise: when the statutes expire in 2018, Comcast will not be under any legal obligation to renew them and will be able to conduct itself completely uninhibited.

The Comcast/Time Warner merger is an extremely worrisome proposition. If verified by the FCC, it will have unprecedented long-term effects for the American consumer. Despite the absence of short-term consequences on television and cable service, the buyout consolidates power, stifles competition and smothers the floundering principles of a free and open Internet.

Comcast has given us its word that this abysmal future will not be the case; however, it’s not a word I’m inclined to take.

The recent death of Philip Seymour Hoffman, apparently of a heroin overdose, says a lot about the epidemic of opiate abuse gripping the United States.

That epidemic, which I’ve spent the last year researching for a forthcoming book, is rooted in a 20-year revolution in medicine that has resulted in far wider prescribing of opiates. Narcotic painkillers are now prescribed for chronic back and knee pain, fibromyalgia, headaches, arthritis and other ailments. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, consumption of these opioids has risen 300 percent since 1999, making them the most prescribed class of medicines in America.

After Hoffman’s death, reports surfaced that the actor, a onetime heroin addict, had been abusing prescription opiates, which ultimately led him back to heroin. That’s a common path, in part because of economics.

On the street, opiate pain pills sell for $1 a milligram, according to police and addicts I’ve interviewed across the country. An addict can need 150 to 300 milligrams a day. A comparable high from heroin is a fifth to a tenth the price, which is part of the reason its use has almost doubled between 2010 and 2012, officials say.

Marketing is another big part of today’s heroin story.

Heroin is a commodity. To differentiate their product, dealers market aggressively, which has helped propel its spread.

I read that packets stamped with the Ace of Spades brand were found

in Hoffman’s apartment. In the classic East Coast heroin markets – New York City above all – dealers can’t fully control the quality of their imported product. So they brand, which allows a trafficker to create buzz for a commodity that he’d have a harder time selling in an unmarked baggie.

Among the most prolific heroin traffickers in America today is a loose-knit entrepreneurial group I’ve been researching from the tiny

can complain to customer service and get a free replacement.

Try doing that on skid row.

Their customer-focused marketing has helped the Xalisco Boys expand to 20 states and fuel a surge in heroin in cities that include Indianapolis, Nashville, Charlotte, N.C., and Columbus, Ohio.

Hoffman was the second celebrity to have apparently overdosed on heroin recent-

drug overdoses – about 38,000 a year, according to the latest numbers from the National Center for Health Statistics.

The largest category of drugs represented within that number is prescription opioids (16,000 roughly), according to the CDC. So in the last seven months, I’m guessing something like 10,000 Americans who weren’t famous died from overdoses of opiate painkillers or heroin.

Meanwhile, many parents’ lives are mangled though their children remain alive. Their kids have shapeshifted into lying, thieving slaves to an unseen molecule, and these parents await calls that a daughter has been arrested for hooking or that a son overdosed in a county of Xalisco in the ly; Cory Monteith, of the TV McDonald’s bathroom. These Mexican state of Nayarit, show “Glee,” died in July. parents’ pain is as searing as where opium poppies flour- Each time, news shows have the chronic pain that doctors ish. They market through discovered the supposedly treat with opiate painkillers. customer service. new surge in heroin, which No one talks much about it Police and rehab counsel- is really about a decade old.

– not even the ashamed parors say that many new addicts But that’s the point: This ents - until a celebrity dies. are middle-class white kids epidemic has spread in part That’s changing. I’ve reluctant to venture to skid because it’s quiet. met parents who are orgarow or some menacing drug Most drug scourges come nizing – from Simi Valley to house to procure drugs. So with public violence. As a Portsmouth, Ohio, – because the Xalisco Boys, as a Denver crime reporter in Stockton, crying in a bedroom, arms police narcotics officer has Calif., in the early 1990s, I around a photo album, makes dubbed them, have dispatch- wrote about crack-related no sense to them. But they ers take calls and send driv- drive-by shootings, carjack- have day jobs, and powerful ers to meet addicts at subur- ings and gang feuds. But market forces are arrayed ban strip malls – delivering with this opiate epidemic, the against them. dope like pizza. private home, like the one So here’s hoping that They give out free samples where Hoffman died, has Hoffman’s death, which outside methadone clinics, replaced the public crack encapsulates much of this customers tell me, and offer house. It seems the drug has epidemic, will also rouse us deals: one balloon of heroin narcotized public outrage, to a thing that is deadlier and for $20 or seven for $100, thus along with millions of young quieter than any drug plague turning addicts into sales- Americans. we’ve seen before. men, hustling enough orders Keep in mind though: to get the price break. Some Since the rise of the American Sam Quinones is a Los Angeles Times dealers even call their buyers automobile, traffic fatalities staff writer and can be reached at later to make sure they’re have been our leading cause samquinones7@yahoo.com. More happy. If addicts get a bad of accidental death - until information can be found at www. (read: less potent) dose, they now. More people now die of samquinones.com.

Police and rehab counselors say that many new addicts are middle-class white kids reluctant to venture to skid row or some menacing drug house to procure drugs.

Johnny McCabe is a Collegian columnist and can be reached at rjmccabe@ umass.edu.

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Arts Living THE MASSACHUSETTS DAILY COLLEGIAN

“I haven’t worn deoderant in 20 years.” - Matthew McConaughey

Tuesday, February 18, 2014

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TV REVIEW

Television’s shift ‘True Detective’ a hit in first season HBO show in the digital age New heralds in applause

How Netflix is changing television

By AlexA Hoyle Collegian Staff

phone.

The website isn’t just financing their own original programs; they’re also helping other series. The AMC show “The Killing” was cancelled in 2012, until Netflix decided to finance another season with a clause that gave them the exclusive streaming rights after the season ended. Netflix isn’t just changing the way we think about television, it’s changing the way we think about how business is conducted in the television industry.

It seems that Netflix’s hard work is paying off. At this year’s Golden Globes the website was very fairly represented in the nominations. “Orange is the New Black” star Taylor Schilling snagged a Best Performance by an Actress in a Television Series nomination. “House of Cards” was also included in the Globes, with nominations for Best Drama Series, Best Performance by an Actor in a Television Series for Spacey and Best Performance by an Actress in a Television Series for Robin Wright. Wright walked out with a statue, solidifying Netflix’s seamless transition into our entertainment consciousness.

Netflix has started a trend that has no end in sight. Now websites like Hulu Plus and Amazon are throwing their hats into the original programming ring. For the second year in a row Amazon has had their own “pilot season,” with pilots spanning comedy, drama and children’s programming. Amazon isn’t the only website exploring multiple genres. Hulu and Netflix are becoming expansive in the creative territory they cover. And with monthly prices much lower than cable they’re becoming formidable forces in the business. These streaming services seemingly have something for everyone, so next time there’s nothing on TV, just turn your laptop on instead.

A little over three years ago the idea of Netflix producing original content was but a glimmer in some executives’ eye. And then, in March 2011, it was announced that Netflix won a bidding war for the new series, “House of Cards.” The pedigree was there: the series would be produced and directed by David Fincher and star Kevin Spacey. But the platform had decidedly less prestige.

It was the ultimate gamble for a website that had spent its entire operating career offering other peoples’ work. It was even more of a gamble when their strategy was made plain. They planned to release entire seasons at once, capitalizing on the binge-watching tendencies of their customers. It could have backfired magnificently, as the time between seasons could have led to lost interest and dissatisfaction among fans.

But the gamble paid off and no interest was lost – there has been palpable fervor surrounding the second season of “House of Cards,” which premiered Feb. 14. If anything, the strategy has proved highly profitable for Netflix, with gains of 2.3 million new subscribers in 2013.

It’s easy to see what they were thinking: keep subscribers waiting longer for each season and keep them subscribed even longer.

Netflix is no longer just a streaming service with an original show or two, it’s become an original programming powerhouse with millions subscribing just to see the newest shows everyone is buzzing about. With many of the best shows currently in production on their roster, Netflix is changing the way that we think about what television should be. It doesn’t have to be on a network or cable anymore, it Alexa Hoyle can be reached at can be streaming on your cell ahoyle@umass.edu.

By Alex FrAil Collegian Staff

HBO’s new drama, “True Detective,” just capped off its first season’s midpoint with television’s greatest scene in recent years, perhaps one of the finest ever shot for the small screen.

Matthew McConaughey’s chewed-up-and-spit-backout detective, Rust Cohle, goes undercover in a desperate attempt to solve a case. In a 10-minute singleshot sequence, he sprints through the pandemonium of a failed drug bust, trying to salvage his investigation.

It’s a scene that speaks volumes about television’s new golden age. Recent shows have elevated the stakes of writing with their desire to go where no show has gone before. “Breaking Bad” cast down Walter White from humble teacher to Ozymandias, while “Game of Thrones” hosted the reddest wedding in history. Now “True Detective” assumes that legacy. In the past, and perhaps even now, no other show would have attempted a scene as audacious as the midseason closer. It’s raising the bar of what it means to be great television.

As an anthology program, “True Detective” will have a different cast and plot each season, a la “American Horror Story.”

But where the first season of “Horror Story” was a scatterbrained, albeit entertaining, mess, this show hits its stride from the first shot of a roaring ceremonial fire.

This season follows Cohle and his partner, Detective Martin Hart (Woody Harrelson), as they track down a serial killer with an occult modus operandi. The show’s narrative divides its time between interviews in 2012 and the case in 1995.

The partners had an unexplained falling-out in 2002 and have not spoken since.

The storyline in 2012 never ventures beyond the boardrooms that hold our pro-

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Woody Harrelson (left) and Matthew McConaughey (right) as detectives Cohle and Hart, respectively, in HBO’s new critical hit “True Detective.” tagonists as two new detectives (Michael Potts and Tory Kittles) interview them about the Dora Lange case of ’95. But staying in just two rooms never grows claustrophobic. Director Cary Joji Fukunaga sends us a message with the simple scenes.

Cohle, dapper in ‘95, looks as though he’s been to hell and hasn’t quite made it back. His interrogation room reflects him with its absent windows and unflattering fluorescent lights.

Hart’s room seems sunnier, but his missing wedding ring and balding head suggest a rough go since Dora Lange.

The ’95 storyline grabs you with sweeping, gorgeous panoramas of Louisiana’s bayou, belied by savage murders and decaying natives. As they wade into the shadows of backwoods Louisiana, their investigation reinforces Cohle’s nihilistic worldview as it threatens Hart’s fragile bond with his wife (the stellar Michelle Monaghan).

They’re star-crossed partners, doomed from the start to clash.

With a more meditative pace than most shows, “True Detective” builds its episodes upon discussions of morality, religion and marriage. The pacing

will seem glacial to anyone expecting the tidy narratives of other detective shows. Maybe the show isn’t aptly named, either.

Although about detectives, the show’s first four episodes seem more interested in Cohle and Hart’s life and their relationship than in wrapping up the Dora Lange mystery. Its result? A breath of fresh air into the cop procedural.

Cohle and Hart’s voiceovers keep the viewer engaged throughout the first three episodes, in which little action occurs.

Fukunaga patiently cuts through the layer cake of the case. The first episode paints Hart as a warm family man, heavy on his religious and moral principles.

Depression and paranoia seethe off of Cohle. Later episodes peel back these facades and dig deeper at the show’s reservoir of philosophy.

But for all its steady pacing and meticulously drawn characters, “True Detective” isn’t afraid to stray into sensationalist territory. The writers obviously adore their creation in Cohle, who can violate procedure with impunity and snort enough cocaine to euthanize a rhinoceros.

He’s in danger of seeming too invincible, not unlike

how the Governor became untouchable for a time in “The Walking Dead.”

Hopefully the final four episodes will iron out these wrinkles in an otherwise airtight show.

Of course, part of the show’s conceit is that the story’s not over yet. Even 17 years after the narrative’s main investigation has ended, the plot brews. Both detectives know from early on that they’re not just being interviewed, they’re being interrogated. For reasons unknown, Cohle and Hart are on trial for their finest casework.

The acting in “True Detective” is splendid, and I’m sure awards aplenty will ensue. McConaughey’s drug-addled, nihilistic detective will go down as one of TV’s great characters, while Harrelson’s reserved but layered performance promises a highly combustible element. Pay close attention to its camerawork, too. It’s pure wizardry. Even if you come just to see McConaughey’s abs, you’ll stay for the narrative.

The first season is a slowburn marvel of storytelling, an unassuming crockpot packed with roman candles.

Alex Frail can be reached at afrail@ umass.edu.

TECHNOLOGY

How to make your LinkedIn account the best it can be Tips and trcks to stand out online

By KAylA MArcHetti Collegian Staff

Since LinkedIn began in 2003, it has grown into the largest professional networking site, with over 277 million users worldwide. The site’s members range from college students to executives from every Fortune 500 Company.

So how do you stand out in a crowd of a quarter billion people? It is all about planning, updating and catering to your profile to make it the best representation of your professional self. It’s true that LinkedIn can help you land the job, but only if you to use it the right way. There are many dos and don’ts to using LinkedIn, and any mistake can mean the difference between landing the job and having to work at camp for another summer.

First impressions are just as important when networking online as they are in per-

son. Your picture is meant to showcase your professionalism and attentiveness to detail even before an employer reads your résumé. Think about it: you wouldn’t show up to an interview in a party dress or basketball shorts and a snapback. Professional attire (and a smile) are a must in your LinkedIn profile picture.

As for the setup, the picture should be centered on your face and display just your shoulders and above. There should not be any distracting elements (for instance, people, pets or bold scenery) in the background of your picture.

To avoid these issues, have a friend take a picture of you standing in front of a plain wall. If you must have a backdrop, stand in front of an attractive building on campus, like Isenberg or even the famous Du Bois Library.

Such a backdrop could show a viewer where you go to school or showcase your department in the university. It is important to take a new profile picture rather than simply cropping yourself from a photo off of Facebook to show your

network of connections that you take LinkedIn – and your future – seriously.

The headline is another key first impression that explains who you are in a few short words. First and foremost, it should include your current job, role or status. Are you an intern, a student or maybe a volunteer? You can even include descriptive words like “experienced” or “professional” to add some flair. If you don’t have a current position worth sharing, a second option is to have your headline read “aspiring” toward a certain career or “pursuing” a job in a certain field.

Just like a hard copy résumé, the applicants’ experience is the heart of the LinkedIn profile. Having clearly established titles for each job or internship is a must. Include the dates you began and finished working in each position, along with the name of each company. Beneath each position, add bullets or small paragraphs explaining the responsibilities your role included. Keep these simple; use a variety of vocabulary

but don’t go overboard in an effort to impress.

LinkedIn also offers a “Skills & Endorsements” section which members should take advantage of. List a couple of skills that pertain to the field of work you are pursuing, but most importantly, choose skills that you truthfully excel at. Your friends, classmates and colleagues on LinkedIn who have witnessed these skills will often “endorse” these attributes to give your profile even more authenticity.

When connecting with other members on the site it is important to understand the three degrees of connection. A first-degree connection indicates a member you have already connected with, a second-degree connection is a member who is connected to one of your first-degree connections and a third-degree connection is anyone connected to a second-degree connection. Adding people you do not know or have never met before is almost never a good idea. Think of it like Facebook etiquette: you don’t go “friend-

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Deep Nishar is the senior vice president of LinkedIn. ing” people that you have never met before. You should only connect with individuals you have met in classes, worked with, met at networking events or have been introduced to by someone else.

In addition to connecting to professional individuals, LinkedIn can also be a great place to stay up-to-date with your favorite companies.

Often, these companies will display job postings for followers. Other professionals

you are connected with may post job opportunities from their own companies or similar companies in their fields.

Remember that LinkedIn is not just for soon-to-be college graduates searching for their first job – the professional networking site is an excellent tool for any undergraduate searching for an internship as well.

Kayla Marchetti can be reached at kmarchet@umass.edu.

6

Tuesday, February 18, 2014

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Comics

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Oh, yes, the sweet aroma of garlic parmesan.

The Middle Toe

XKCD

B y r anDall m unroe

D inosaur C omiCs

B y r yan n orth

aquarius

HOROSCOPES Jan. 20 - Feb. 18

Make sure to store your peanut butter jar upside down so all the oil seeps right out of the lid.

pisces

Feb. 19 - Mar. 20

leo

Jul. 23 - aug. 22

It’s a scientific fact that if you wore the same outfit four days in a row, and no one was around to see it, it’s not dirty.

virgo

aug. 23 - Sept. 22

In case you were unsure, the rest of the world is currently not following a Monday schedule.

Sadly a quesadilla is not just a sandwich with really thin bread. It’s so much more than that.

aries

Mar. 21 - apr. 19

libra

Sept. 23 - Oct. 22

taurus

apr. 20 - May. 20

scorpio

Oct. 23 - nOv. 21

gemini

May. 21 - Jun. 21

Oddly enough, today is one of the creepiest days to just randomly give someone chocolate.

Unfortunately, rubbing your lips in duck aoli does not make you as appealing as a simple chapstick would.

Melting down all your Valentine chocolate into Sick of all this campus construction? Always one large composite heart for your sweetlate to class? If you act now, you can use heart is not quite the token of love you think. those new speed skates on the campus pond.

sagittarius

nOv. 22 - Dec. 21

Ain’t nothing like a three-day weekend to make you need the weekend.

Just because February is the coldest month doesn’t mean it can’t be the coolest month.

cancer

capricorn

Jun. 22 - Jul. 22

Your day can kind of be described as being commissioned to narrate the Olympics, but then getting pink eye in both eyes.

Dec. 22 - Jan. 19

Washing your clothing with several garlic cloves and a light sprinkle of parmesan might be the best lifestyle choice of your life.

THE MASSACHUSETTS DAILY COLLEGIAN

DailyCollegian.com

DAVIS

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continued from page 8

Minutemen squad with lofty postseason expectations.

Known as a shooter out of high school, Davis took advantage of his minutes, shooting 44 percent on 3-pointers, and caught the eye of his mentor, Williams.

“He’s just tough as nails,” Williams said. “The kid doesn’t back down. From day one, he came to school; he came here and was up for the challenge. He challenged me and pushed me every day in practice.”

Despite playing most of his minutes at point guard, Davis still struggled to manage the game.

The offseason was going to be key for his growth as a player. He always had the confidence when it came to offense, but if he was going to become a starter one day, he needed to learn how to manage the game better.

His work over the summer has shown so far this season, to both his teammates and the coaching staff. It was apparent right from the beginning of practices in October that Davis’ basketball mind got stronger and he now had what it takes to lead the team.

“I think he’s gotten stronger and tougher and he’s gotten more mature on the floor; better command of the game,” Kellogg said.

“He plays with a pretty good air of

confidence in him, which makes formance came on Dec. 28 against him better than his natural talent.” Providence. With Williams fouled out and the game close, Davis ran the A look at the future offense, both down the stretch and in The 2013-14 season looked prom- overtime, helping the Minutemen ising for Davis, but with Williams pull out a 69-67 overtime victory. He returning for his senior season and finished the game with 12 points and sophomore transfer Derrick Gordon three assists in 27 minutes of action. in line to start as well, Davis’ time to “I think that was a great experishine would have to wait. He once ence for him, being able to comagain found himself coming off the mand the floor and do what Coach bench in games and still seemed wanted him to do,” Williams said. rough around the edges.

His second shining moment came The Minutemen got off to a phealmost a month later, only this time nomenal 17-1 start to the season, the situation wasn’t as pressurerising all the way up to No. 13 in the packed.

AP Poll. Still, even with a dream seaIn the midst of a blowout against son taking place, it wasn’t that farFordham, Davis was asked to play fetched to think that it could only be point guard to finish out the game. a flash in the pan. After all, UMass is graduating three of it five starters at With UMass up by over 30 points, season’s end, with the most notable Kellogg pulled all of his starters, forcing Davis to lead a group of being Williams.

With no idea what the future freshmen and inexperienced bench holds, it was important for Davis players to close out the game. And to show what he could bring to the while his command of the game table next year by putting it on dis- doesn’t necessarily get reflected in the outcome of the game, a 90-52 play this year.

“I think he’s starting to play with win, his maturity showed.

Davis finished with 13 points and the confidence that you can see next year and the year after,” Kellogg nine assists in 28 minutes, successsaid. “It’s nice to know that we have fully leading the bench players on enough going forward that we can offense and defense, with the team do some things, not only this year, seemingly not missing a beat.

“I basically came from the back but for years to come.”

Davis’ leadership was on full of the bus to the front of the bus,” display in two distinct situations Davis said with a laugh. “I’m really this season. The first breakout per- like one of the youngest that plays

US takes home gold in ice dancing, bronze in two-man bobsleigh race and two assists in the win.

Alex Carpenter, Kacey Bellamy and Amanda Kessel all scored in the first period of play as the U.S. attempted 70 shots on Swedish goalies Valentina Lizana-Wallner and Kim Martin Hasson. U.S. goalie Jessie Vetter had an easy workload on Monday, stopping eight of nine shot attempts from the Swedes.

The United States will face Canada, which defeated Switzerland 3-1 in the other semifinal, in the gold medal game on Thursday.

By Andrew Cyr

portion.

Collegian Staff Steve Holcomb and Steven The United States won two Langton finished the bobsleigh medals on Monday, winning gold two-man event with a time of in the figure skating ice dance 3:46.27, which was good for third competition and bronze in the in the event. The Americans finbobsleigh two-man event. The ished just .88 seconds behind two medals bring the American gold medalist Russia, and .66 total to 18 medals in the Sochi seconds behind silver medalist Games, which is good for fourth Switzerland. place in the overall medal standWomen’s hockey goes ings. for gold Meryl Davis and Charlie The United States women’s White were the two members of Team USA competing in the hockey team defeated Sweden 6-1 ice dance competition, winning on Monday in a semifinal game. with an overall score of 195.52. Six different players scored for The pair scored 78.89 in the short the Americans, as Megan Bozek, program session while receiving Kendall Coyne and Brianna a 116.63 score in the free skating Decker each registered a goal

RALLY

Tuesday, February 18, 2014

A look ahead Mikaela Shriffin, Julia Mancuso and Megan McJames are the three finalists for the Americans in the alpine skiing ladies giant slalom event that takes place on Tuesday.

Mancuso already has a medal in the Sochi Games taking bronze in the alpine skiing super combined event.

The American’s have two males in the 10,000-meter speed skating event as Patrick Meek and Emery Lehman look to win their first medals of the Olympics.

CADE BELISLE/COLLEGIAN

After only averaging 3.3 points per game as a freshman, Davis has increased his offensive production this season, averaging 8.6 ppg, good for sixth on UMass. on this team, so when I was with them, even though I was a young sophomore, I still gotta lead them because that’s what (Kellogg) wants me to do.

“That was fun. Making calls and commanding people. Just getting ready for next year.”

Davis has come into his own this season and while it’s going to be hard to follow in the footsteps of one of the best players to every play for the Minutemen in Williams, Davis is up to the challenge.

Davis is a shooter. All he needed

JETER

was a shot this year to prove his worth. Like so many times in games this season, he made it count.

Confidence in Davis continues to grow amongst the team, with a bright future in the cards for the heir-apparent to Williams.

“I think he’s gotta good ceiling,” Kellogg said. “He’s going to continue to get better as he figures the college game out more and more.”

Patrick Strohecker can be reached at pstrohec@umass.edu and followed on Twitter @P_Strohecker.

continued from page 8

fastball and rifle it down the right field line, pull up at second base and let out a deep breath as if he’d been playing a game of horseshoes in the backyard.

There will always be two plays that stick out in my mind when I think of Jeter; plays where Jeter did the unthinkable, yet made it look so easy that it made you question whether it was that difficult of a play to begin with.

The first was the famous flip play in Game 3 of the 2001 American League Division Series against the Athletics, with the Yankees facing elimination.

With New York clinging to a 1-0 advantage, Oakland’s Jeremy Giambi tried to score all the way from first on a Terrence Long double. Shane Spencer’s throw from right field sailed over the cut-off man, almost surely plating Giambi. That was until Jeter came across the diamond, caught it off the bounce on the first-base line and flipped across his body to Jorge Posada on the run to beat Giambi at the plate.

Only Jeter would have the presence of mind to prepare for the overthrow, get there in the nick of time and seemingly defying all logic by not only making the flip, but putting it in perfect position for Posada to apply the

He’ll leave a legacy of doing the unthinkable on a regular basis, and making it look easy in the process. tag.

Then there was a critical 2004 meeting against the Red Sox, when Jeter famously hauled in a short fly ball off the bat of Trot Nixon up the line in left field, then flew into the stands with no hesitation. Even after he got up, with cuts and bruises on his face, Jeter looked completely unfazed, almost as if he didn’t realize the magnitude of what he just did.

Luckily for Jeter, we do.

He’ll leave a legacy of doing the unthinkable on a regular basis, and making it look easy in the process. For goodness sake, who else gets their 3,000 hit on a home run?

It’s to the point that it’s hard not to expect Jeter to gut out the entire 2014 season, climb up the all-time hits list and ride off into the sunset, all while making it look like a walk in the park.

Stephen Sellner can be reached at ssellner@ umass.edu and followed on Twitter @Stephen_ Sellner.

Andrew Cyr can be reached at arcyr@umass. edu, and can be followed on Twitter @ Andrew_Cyr.

continued from page 8

traveling to Albany to face the Great Danes.

PSU rallies late Trailing by four goals in the final period, the No. 12 Penn State men’s lacrosse team stormed back to force overtime against No. 10 Loyola, but the host Nittany Lions dropped the decision in the extra period, 12-11, on Saturday in University Park, Pa. Penn State’s T.J. Sanders scored on the man advantage against Greyhound (1-1) goalie Jack Runkel with just under 10 minutes remaining in the fourth quarter. Erik Myers scored near-

SPIDERS

ly six minutes later, trimming the Nittany Lion (1-1) deficit to 11-9.

With the squads at equal manpower inside of two minutes, Penn State’s Shane Sturgis received a pass from Steven Bogert on the fast break and tallied his ninth goal of the season. Drake Kreinz then won a face-off for the hosts, and Kyle VanThof fed Myers, who delivered the equalizing tally at the 1:03 mark.

With the 1,067 Penn Statepartisan patrons cranking up the decibel level, Loyola’s Nikko Pontrello silenced the masses

with the game-winner just 19 ticks into overtime.

Penn State controlled many facets of the matchup against Loyola, including an advantage in shots (41-30) and ground balls (29-21), but never led during the game.

The Nittany Lions continue their early-season stretch of drawing highly-touted opponents when they travel to No. 4 Notre Dame on Saturday. Loyola hosts Towson on Wednesday.

Yoni Monat can be reached at jmonat@ umass.edu.

continued from page 8

She made a pair of saves in the second half, while the loss went to Emily Boyce who allowed 10 goals with two saves in the opening half.

Richmond will remain on the road for the next three games, with their next matchup at Virginia on Wednesday at 5 p.m.

end due to the heavy snowfall that hit the east coast.

The first game was the Spiders’ game against Duke on Friday and then on Saturday, Duquesne had its season-opener against Howard cancelled.

On Sunday, the intra-city matchup between Saint Joseph’s and Temple was postponed for a secCancelled games ond straight day, after the snow Three Atlantic 10 teams had forced the teams to reschedgames cancelled over the week- ule the game from Saturday to

Sunday, but due to poor field conditions, the game Sunday was also postponed. No makeup date has been announced for any of the postponed games.

St. Joe’s will be in action on Wednesday, when it takes on La Salle, while Duquesne will open its season on the road at Penn State on Tuesday.

Lauren McArdle can be reached at lmcardle@ umass.edu.

MCT

After 19 successful seasons with the Yankees, Derek Jeter announced that 2014 will be his last.

THE MASSACHUSETTS DAILY COLLEGIAN

Tuesday, February 18, 2014

Sports@DailyCollegian.com

@MDC_SPORTS

MEN’S BASKETBALL

A GLIMPSE OF THE FUTURE

MLB

2014 is last chance to admire Jeter

I

CADE BELISLE/COLLEGIAN

Trey Davis is next in line for the Minutemen to replace Chaz Williams at starting point guard. He leads UMass in 3-point field goal percentage at 39 percent.

Trey Davis shining in role off bench

By Patrick Strohecker

I

Collegian Staff

t’s not hard to overlook Trey Davis.

He’s one of 13 players on a Massachusetts men’s basketball team that boasts charismatic personalities that tend to draw more attention than the often-quiet Davis. So, it comes as no surprise that when he’s on the court, fans tend to overlook him, until one of his distinct 3-point shots goes up and, more often than not, in.

The sophomore lets his play do the talking and so far this season, it’s spoken in a big way.

After averaging just over three points per game as a freshman last season, Davis is one of the first players off the bench for Derek Kellogg’s Minutemen. He’s averaging over 22 minutes per game and is sixth on the team in scoring, with 8.6 points per game, a huge jump from last year’s output.

“It’s really a matter of (Kellogg) letting me play this year,” Davis said. “Last year he had me on a string and it’s hard for a player to play like that.

And I’m a sophomore now, so

he’s kind of letting me do what I know how to do. … It’s just the fact that he has more confidence in me now.”

Davis has always been known as a shooter. His 39 percent 3-point percentage leads all UMass players who’ve attempted more than five 3-pointers. But, it’s his growth and maturity as a player and floor general that has been the most noticeable, something that he attributes from having the chance to learn from one of the nation’s best point guards in Chaz Williams.

“Just coming here and being able to practice against him everyday is going to help me in the long run,” Davis said. “I mean, not too many people are going against a Wooden Award list type of point guard. I just talked back home with my family and they said I need to take advantage of this because not every kid has a chance to play against him every day.”

Davis has taken advantage of that opportunity and it has paid dividends for the Minutemen.

But, as this season hits the final stretch and Davis’ role continues to grow, it’s easy to wonder

“what if ?” with his career in Amherst.

What almost wasn’t A native of DeSoto, Texas, Davis had no intentions of playing college basketball at UMass.

In fact, he originally signed with Atlantic 10 rival George Washington. But after coach Karl Hobbs was fired, he was granted his release and it was back to looking at schools that would be a good fit for him.

Patrick Washington – Davis’ coach at Woodrow Wilson High School – had a good relationship with Kellogg and it was constant conversation between the two that ultimately led to Davis signing with the Minutemen.

“I had known Trey’s high school coach and some of the people in Dallas that knew (Davis) and thought he would be really good in our set up and what we needed,” Kellogg said. “It looked like he had a knack for really knowing how to play and try to win games, which are qualities that I like in our guards.”

Davis was officially going to UMass, but still had to wait a year to don the maroon and white.

C A A M E N ’ S L AC RO S S E

He wasn’t cleared to play for the Minutemen out of high school and had to go to prep school for a year in order to obtain eligibility.

He attended Vermont Academy, and it was that one season outside of the Dallas area that may have been the most beneficial for him.

“I think the year of being in prep school and moving around helped him mature and get acclimated to being outside of the Texas area,” Kellogg said.

After a development year at Vermont Academy, Davis was finally ready to play Division I basketball for UMass. But after making so many positive strides the year prior, his freshman season was full of growing pains and limited playing time.

The development stage Entering the 2012-13 season, it was obvious that Davis still had a lot to learn. After all, the college game was much different from high school and prep school basketball. But the development of Davis’ game seemed to hit a standstill. His playing time was limited due to the plethora of guards on a Minutemen squad with lofty postsee

DAVIS on page 7

f you’re like me, Derek Jeter’s announcement on Wednesday that the 2014 season will be his final go-around in what will amount to a 20-year career took you by surprise.

Jeter, the face of the New York Yankees – the most decorated franchise in sports – made the news public on, of all places, Facebook, offilaunching Stephen cially the Derek Jeter Sellner Tribute Tour.

Sure, logically we all knew it was coming. Jeter, a lock as a first ballot Hall of Famer, gutted out just 17 games in 2013 with a lingering left ankle injury. It was frustrating for all who have followed Jeter’s career to watch his aging body hold him back as he continually occupied a spot on the disabled list instead of anchoring the New York lineup from his No. 2 hole.

But I think part of us, especially Millennials, always expected to see the gracious bat of Jeter step up to the plate every first inning of every Yankee game, just as routine as a hot dog at a ballgame.

As someone who admired the shortstop from a distance, it’ll be hard to think of the Yankees the same way in the post-Jeter era. It doesn’t matter if stitched pinstripes cover your heart, or if you’re a member of Red Sox Nation. You can’t help but respect No. 2 and all he’s done in his 19 seasons.

Jeter’s numbers speak for themselves: 3,316 career hits, good for 10th all-time and likely will pass Cap Anson’s 3,435 for sixth with an outside chance of catching Tris Speaker (3,514) for fifth all-time if he can stay healthy. Then, of course, there are the five World Series rings, 13 All-Star selections, five Silver Slugger Awards and five Gold Gloves to occupy a trophy case that guys like Alex Rodriguez – enjoy the down time, Alex – can only salivate at the thought of.

What made Jeter such a spectacle for me to watch and follow was how he made everything appear effortless, and dare I say graceful? Jeter could go with an outside see

JETER on page 7

A - 1 0 WO M E N ’ S L AC RO S S E

Drexel, PSU come up empty in GW, Richmond fall close non-conference matchups in snowy weekend By yoni Monat Collegian Correspondent The Drexel men’s lacrosse team’s comeback attempt against vaunted No. 7 Virginia fell just short in a non-league game on a frigid 28-degree afternoon in Philadelphia.

The Dragons dropped an 11-10 decision on a goal by Cavaliers senior attackman Mark Cockerton’s with 15 seconds remaining on Sunday for their first loss of the season.

Cockerton’s late unassisted tally past Dragon redshirt freshman goalkeeper Cal Winkelman marked the third one-goal victory for Virginia over Drexel in as many seasons.

“I was kind of getting double, triple teamed the entire way,” Cockerton told LaxMagazine. com. “I saw some net and just put it in there. It was pretty excited.”

Winkelman replaced Wil Gabrielsen, who started in

“I was kind of getting double, triple teamed the entire way. I saw some net and just put it in there. It was pretty excited.”

Mark Cockerton, Virginia attack net for the Dragons, at halftime. Facing a 9-5 deficit late in the third quarter, Drexel (0-1) mounted a surge to claw back into the game. Junior attackman Nick Trizano opened the flurry with an unassisted goal, beating Virginia goalie Matt Barrett with just over two minutes left in the third quarter.

Freshman attackman Cole Shafer added three consecutive goals for the Dragons, the final of which coming off of a T.J. Foley pass to tie the score at 9-9 with eight minutes, 49 seconds remaining in regulation.

Winkelman and Gabrielsen held down their respective forts until 2:56 of the fourth when Cockerton found the back of

the net for the first time in the game. Trizano answered 59 seconds later with his second goal, before Cockerton finished off the Dragons with his late gamewinner.

One bright spot for the Dragons was the stalwart play of Nick Saputo, with the junior winning 19 of his 25 face-off attempts and tallying 15 ground balls, the latter equaling a career high.

Cavaliers coach Dom Starsia enjoyed his 250th career victory, as Virginia improved to 3-0 on the young season. Both the Cavaliers and Drexel suit up next on Saturday, with Virginia hosting Rutgers and the Dragons see

RALLY on page 7

By Lauren McardLe

controlled the play nearly the entire way. George Washington Playing in its first away will look to get back to its wingame of the season, the George ning ways when it returns home Washington women’s lacrosse on Feb. 26 against Liberty at 3:30 team fell to Drexel on Sunday p.m. afternoon 12-7.

Richmond falls at Maryland The Colonials (1-1) took a 2-1 lead After having its home game in the first half over the Dragons against Duke on Friday cancelled (1-0) thanks to an early goal by due to the snow, Richmond travAmanda Norcini just over three eled to Maryland on Sunday and minutes into the game. But, suffered a 15-5 loss. Despite an Drexel answered back with two even count on draw controls, the goals of its own to jump ahead Terrapins (2-0) scored the first 3-2.. eight goals of the game through By the break, the Colonials the first 24 minutes of play. trailed 6-3 and continued to fall The Spiders’ (1-1) first goal further behind, as the Dragons came with just over a minute scored three straight tallies to remaining on the clock in the open the second half. GW’s Julia first half when junior Anna Lawson stopped the Drexel scorJeszeck managed to beat the ing run when she scored an unasMaryland goalie. Due to the sisted goal to bring the score Terrapin onslaught, Richmond to 9-4. From that point forward, played two goalies, with sophoboth teams traded scores for the more Michaela Amyong getting remainder of the game. her first action of the season.

The Dragons outshot the Colonials 29 -15 on the day and see SPIDERS on page 7 Collegian Correspondent