TWI: A Review of 2014 by TWI Ltd

A Review of

2014

(cover pages) One of the new buildings, housing TWI’s library, training, examination and certification services, and a new home for The Welding Institute, our professional engineering institution “The Street”, a spacious walkway connecting all technical and business support services under one roof

Contents Governance Highlights Research and Development Standards Development Industrial Membership National Structural Integrity Research Centre Industry Sectors Training and Examination Services Industrial Member Companies International Offices

2 14 16 28 30 32 34 58 64 75

Governance

X-Ray microscopy Giorgos Asfis

Mission

Mission To provide Members and stakeholders with authoritative and impartial expert advice, knowhow and safety assurance through engineering, materials and joining technologies.

Vision To be the first-choice trusted advisor and technology provider for companies around the world.

Direction To accelerate the generation of Member benefits by:

increased rate of innovation and creative problem-solving focus on provision of world class technology synergy between technology development, knowledge transfer and certification customer service excellence

Company structure Council

Professional Board

Certification Management Board

Research Board

TWI Certification Ltd

Executive Board TWI Group Companies

Remuneration Committee

Finance and General Purposes Committee

Audit Committee

Council Council Members

Council is the governing body of TWI and consists of elected representatives from Industrial Member companies and Professional Members

President: Bertil Pekkari HonFWeldI

Chairman: Grahame Nix OBE

Nazmi Adams

Consultant

Dr Debashish Bhattacharjee

Tata Research, Development & Technology

Eur Ing Norman Cooper CEng, FIMMM, FWeldI

BAE Systems Marine Ltd

Eur Ing Alan Denney

Professional Members

Dr Richard Dolby OBE, HonDMet, FIMMM, HonFWeldI, FREng

Professional Members

Jeff Garner

Professional Members

Maxwell George CEng, FWeldI

Professional Members

Eur Ing David Howarth CEng, MIMMM, FWeldI

Professional Members

Professor John Irven, MA, PhD, C.Sci, C.Chem, FRSC

Consultant

Professor Richard Jones

DSTL

Eur Ing Paul Jordinson CEng, FWeldI

Professional Members

Nigel Knee

EDF Energy Nuclear Generation Ltd

Johann Krancioch CEng, MIMMM, FWeldI

Professional Members

Eur Ing Crawford Lochhead CEng, FIMMM

Professional Members

Professor Scott Lockyear

E.ON New Build & Technology

Andrew MacDonald

Lloyd’s Register

Eur Ing David Millar

Professional Members

Andrew Nowicki FWeldI

Professional Members

John O’Brien CEng

Chevron Corporation

Dr Stephen Paterson CEng, MIMMM, SenMWeldI

Shell UK Ltd

Dr Robert Rivett

Emerson Electric - Europe

Eur Ing Robert Sawdon FWeldI

Professional Members

Julio Toliani CEng, FWeldI

Professional Members

Steve Webster

Professional Members

Finance and General Purposes Committee Grahame Nix OBE, Chairman Paul Tooms, Vice Chairman Eur Ing Norman Cooper CEng, FIMMM, FWeldI Eur Ing David Howarth CEng, MIMMM, FWeldI Vice Chairman: Paul Tooms

Professor John Irven, MA, PhD, C.Sci, C.Chem, FRSC

Executive Board

Message from the Chief Executive The year of 2014 has been a busy and successful period for TWI, in which we met or exceeded most of our financial and nonfinancial business measures. Key highlights for the year included the following:

the £45m site redevelopment project of our main laboratories at Granta Park, part-funded by the UK Regional Growth Fund, progressed very well, allowing the handover of the new facilities to take place between January and March 2015. Our purpose-built and much-enlarged TWI SEA headquarters in Kuala Lumpur has also been completed. Industrial Member and customer demand for our services remained strong throughout the year and, at over £21m, we exceeded our previous single client order intake record; and our worldwide training, examination, certification and professional businesses also grew to over £21m for the first time. we received strong industrial backing for the new Structural Integrity Research Foundation (SIRF), which is progressing to plan in driving R&D and enabling take-up of industry-ready technology. SIRF is behind an entirely industry-led postgraduate research centre that we have developed jointly with our lead academic partner Brunel University. TWI Group 2014 turnover increased to almost £80m and profit exceeded £8m as a consequence of our progress in better serving our Members and customers.

In 2015, we look forward to settling into our new facilities in Cambridge and Kuala Lumpur, which will provide much-improved platforms for our Industrial Member and training, examination and certification services, as well as providing a new home for The Welding Institute, our professional engineering institution. Our contract order cover for the first half of the year is strong, but it will also be very important to develop new long-term collaborative and jointindustry orders to fund new technology

development projects for 2015 and 2016. However, when preparing our plans for the next few years, we have been mindful that there are also significant uncertainties in our current market environment:

there are new rules for bidding into the latest European R&D framework programme, Horizion 2020, which could affect our success rate in winning projects, and the aftermath of the UK General Election in May 2015 may see a reduction of publicly funded support for applied R&D there has been an unprecedented drop in the demand for and price of oil since mid-2014 which has reduced the number of new exploration projects scheduled by several of our Industrial Members from the oil and gas sector the trading conditions in several of our overseas markets continue to be affected adversely by political upheaval and armed conflict.

We have taken these risks into account as far as reasonably practical and our plan is therefore one of consolidation after a five-

year period during which our income grew by over 60% and our profits doubled. The three major long-term goals for TWI remain: to respond flexibly and entrepreneurially to Member and customer demands to gain access to sustained public funding for the development of new capabilities and future staff to continue our path to establish a strong presence in relevant international markets. Our success has been once again due to the dedication and commitment of TWI staff, and I would like to thank all of them very much for their efforts in 2014. We are also most grateful to our governance bodies, boards and committees for their wise counsel and much-appreciated support. Dr Christoph Wiesner Chief Executive

Executive Board

Executive Board Bottom row left to right: Dr Paul Woollin - MA, PhD, FREng, FIMMM, FWeldI - Director, Research Steven Yianni MBA, MA(Cantab), FREng, FIMechE - Non-executive Director Dr Reza Razmjoo - BSc, MSc, PhD - Director, Business Development Dr Christoph Wiesner Dipl-Ing, Dr ĂŠs sci tech, HonDEng, FREng, FIMMM, FWeldI - Chief Executive Gillian Leech - FAIA, MBCS - Director, Finance and Services Top row left to right: Professor Aamir Khalid - BSc, MSc, PhD, MBA - Director, Technology Eur Ing Chris Eady - BSc(Hons), MSc, CEng, MRAeS, FWeldI - Associate Director, Professional Affairs and Certification Paul Craddock BSc, MSc, MIMMM, FWeldI - Non-executive Director Dr Richard Freeman BSc(Hons), PhD, CEng, FIMMM, FWeldI - Associate Director Keith White ACA - Associate Director

Associate Directors Eur Ing Tim Jessop BSc(Eng), ACGI, CEng, FWeldI Dr Graham Wylde BSc, PhD, CEng, MIMechE, SenMWeldI Dr Roger Wise BSc, PhD, MBA, CEng, CPhys, MWeldI Dr Robert Scudamore BEng, MSc(Eng), MBA, PhD, CEng, CMgr, FCMI, SenMWeldI Professor Eur Ing Tat-Hean Gan, BSc, MSc, PhD, MBA, CEng, FIET, MWeldI, FInstNDT, IntPE Peter Oakley BSc, MBA

Business Overview

Asset acquisition 2009–2015

£6.4m £9.9m £42.6m

Project / gift plant and equipment Plant and equipment Gillian Leech Director, Finance and Services

Land and buildings

Product income 2008–2015 £100m £80m £60m £40m

Teletest, licensing and other Training and examinations Collaborative research and development / knowledge transfer

£20m

Single client and joint industry projects

Membership

Business Overview 1000

Group staff numbers 2008–2015 800

600

400

200

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015B

International income by region 2008–2015 £20m North America India

£15m

Central Asia £10m

Middle East South East Asia

£50m

0 2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015B

International Presence

International impact Alongside its five UK offices, TWI has an international presence in 12 countries, delivering information, knowhow and technologies to regions seeking growth along with the assurance of competency in materials joining and engineering practice.

Reza Razmjoo Director, Business Development

TWIâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s overseas Industrial Membership base totals over 300 parent organisations alone, linking over 1000 companies outside the UK with TWI project leadership expertise and services. In 2014, we trained 26,000 individuals worldwide.

Group companies The Welding Institute (holding company) TWI Ltd TWI Technology Centre (North East) TWI Technology Centre (Yorkshire) TWI Technology Centre (Wales TWI Aberdeen TWI Certification Ltd The Test House Ltd NSIRC Ltd SIRF Ltd Plant Integrity Ltd Granta Park Estates Ltd

TWI Australia TWI Azerbaijan TWI Canada TWI China TWI Gulf TWI India TWI Indonesia TWI Middle East TWI North America TWI Pakistan TWI Services (SEA) TWI Technology (SE Asia) TWI Thailand TWI Turkey

International Presence

Corporate Social Responsibility

Engineering solutions to global problems Corporate social responsibility is at the heart of TWI’s mission. We exist to help the engineering, materials and joining communities to work together to manufacture, operate and decommission high-integrity structures. We assist our Industrial Members to address the challenges of sustainability, meeting growing demands whilst minimising use of resources and environmental impact. The oil and gas industry faces increasing challenges to extract hydrocarbons from ever more difficult locations, whether in hot and corrosive fields deep below the sea or in the cold and remote fields of the Arctic. TWI works for its international oil and gas Member companies, to help access these resources safely and economically, through welding engineering, materials testing and integrity management technologies. For our transport systems members, there is constant pressure to improve fuel efficiency and minimise environmental impact. TWI provides new joining, inspection, coating and manufacturing technologies to companies across the world, to support the manufacture of lightweight, fuel-efficient vehicles. Power generation is undergoing a vital transition from hydrocarbons to lowcarbon technologies. The need for plant to be affordable, whilst being reliable and long-lasting, has never been greater. TWI supports the sector through manufacturing technologies wind turbines, nuclear waste canisters and the international prototype fusion reactor, advanced inspection methods to assist life extension of plant, and remote laser cutting for decommissioning. Whilst we all strive to avoid engineering failure, occasional instances do occur and TWI is an expert of resource in the understanding of structural failure, working with our Members to diagnose the causes of failure, find immediate solutions and develop underpinning technologies to minimise future risks.

The world needs more competent people to rise to these challenges. TWI’s training schools operate worldwide and lead the world in certification of competenceto fabricate and inspect engineering structures. TWI has furthermore established the Structural Integrity Research Foundation, with support from the UK Government, to train over 500 postgraduates over the next 10 years at the National Structural Integrity Research Centre based in Cambridge.

Environment TWI’s existing certification of its ISO 14001 Environmental Management System was extended in 2014 to include the Middlesbrough office, The Test House and Plant Integrity. Many of TWI’s overseas

Community Educational outreach activities carried out by The Welding Institute’s Younger Members’ Committee and volunteers from TWI Ltd during 2014 built on local associations with schools and colleges, finding ways to link real industry challenges with science and engineering curriculum topics, and in supporting post-16 choices at careers events attended by our apprentices and graduates. From primary, secondary, further education, university and to postgraduate level, we have put into place structured learning activities and annual programmes. This includes fun, hands-on workshops delivered in schools or at local science fairs; work experience and technical mentoring via our partnerschools arrangements or through the Nuffield Foundation and the Arkwright Scholarships Trust, and undergraduate summer placements arranged for The University of Cambridge. The company hosted 15 group visits to TWI headquarters and regional offices from schools, colleges and universities nationally and a further 16 visits into schools. TWI supports local and national charitable initiatives throughout the year and contributes to community projects. In 2014 we continued our support for a project to provide greater accessibility to and new amenities for the local churches in Abington, and for an arts project to design and create a mosaic at the nearby Granta School in Linton. We encourage community networking and many staff engage with local groups or undertake voluntary work.

Local mosaic art project supported by TWI offices also achieved ISO 14001 certification during the year. TWI has continued to collate and report on its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. GHG per head has decreased every year since 2011 and total GHG in 2014 was the lowest since records began despite the growth in the company of more than 250 people. TWI is required to comply with the requirements of the recently introduced Energy Saving Opportunities Scheme (ESOS) and is on target to make the first report by the stipulated date of 5 December 2015.

over

courses delivered for learning and development of staff

Corporate Social Responsibility

People

Health and safety

At TWI we believe that all employees should be given the opportunity to develop their career. We deliver over 60 courses, including management and leadership as well as business and commercial skills. In 2014 new courses offering a broader spectrum of softer skills were introduced.

TWI’s technology for high-integrity structures has had a profound impact on the safety of staff within our Industrial Members. Within TWI, the chief executive sets clear health and safety objectives in the corporate plan, to give direction to our efforts to continually improve performance and to respond to the needs of a growing business. TWI’s Health and Safety Management System has been certificated to OHSAS 18001 since 2009 and this formal recognition of our system’s effectiveness has now been rolled out to all our UK offices, in Abington, Middlesbrough, Rotherham and Port Talbot, and implemented in all TWI overseas subsidiaries.

In addition to supporting employees in attaining further education and professional qualifications, we have more than 20 employees currently studying modern apprenticeships in multiple disciplines and are committed to recruiting more apprentices in 2015. Recent investment in a new HR system has given employees self-service access to employment details 24/7 as well as a contemporary recruitment portal. In 2015 we are committed to improving internal communications and have begun this process by working with an external provider to undertake a preliminary communications review. TWI has retained accreditation in the Investors in People standard.

TWI plays an active role in the AIRTO Health and Safety Interest Group, with the benefit of benchmarking health and safety performance with similar organisations. The Group also provides excellent networking opportunities and an invaluable source of information and advice.

23 employees studying modern

TWI apprentices

apprenticeships in multiple disciplines

Highlights

New edition of BS 7910 January saw the announcement and implementation of a global training programme for industry covering the recent new edition of BS 7910:13 (Guide to methods for assessing the acceptability of flaws in metallic structures). New features include methods for incorporating crack-tip constraint and weld strength mismatch into fracture calculations, a revised compendium of residual stress distributions and a new method for applying them, and an annex on reliability of NDT.

Expansion for TWI Canada In February, TWI opened new facilities in Calgary, Canada to provide training and examinations in support of recent investment by the Canadian government in its oil and gas industry. Courses offered in the region include welding inspection, painting inspection, non-destructive testing and plant inspection, leading to internationally recognised certifications relevant for this and many other industries.

Focus on fatigue performance of mooring chains TWI hosted a gathering in March of 20 industrial experts to discuss the integrity challenges for mooring chains in relation to their use in floating offshore installations. This was the first workshop looking at solutions to manage integrity and develop reliability and risk management. Subsequently TWI began a two-year programme of tests on different grades and diameters of steel chain in a purpose-built rig simulating seawater conditions.

Rothkoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Black on Maroon artwork restored Following the defacing of a major work of art at the Tate Modern, the spring of 2014 saw TWIâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s solvent team using its SOLFIT software platform with a library of 50,000+ solvents to design an appropriate material to remove the deeply damaged layers. TWI carried out tests using ink mocked-up painting samples supplied by the Tate before recommending and supplying the final solvent.

Highlights

Friction stir welding symposium The tenth International Symposium on Friction Stir Welding took place in May. Held at the China National Convention Centre in Beijing and attracting over 190 delegates from around the world, the technical programme comprised over 90 papers. Friction stir welding in steel featured strongly; popular too was the joining of dissimilar materials, driven by the need for light-weighting in the automotive industry.

Frost & Sullivan Award for pipeline corrosion detection system TWI group company Plant Integrity Ltd was selected in June as the recipient of the Global Guided Wave Testing Product Leadership Award for its pipeline corrosion detection system Teletest FOCUS+. The system was considered outstanding in terms of advanced design, extended capabilities, technological innovation, customer service and current market share.

National Women in Engineering Day It was a chance to celebrate being part of a great team in late June when female engineers from TWI gathered with the directors to celebrate National Women in Engineering Day. With over 60 women engineers employed by the company, this amounts to over 25% of its total engineering workforce. The current national picture is around 7%.

TWI supports future engineers and apprentices Demonstrating commitment to post-16 education, TWI continued its participation over the year in the Arkwright Scholarships Trust scheme and the Nuffield Foundation research placements scheme, and was selected to lead the governmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s welding apprenticeships trailblazer. Its involvement with local schools also gathered momentum with engineering workshops and careers activities for apprenticeship and graduate routes.

Research and Development

Fatigue test on high-strength steel mooring chain Phillip Cossey

Marcelo Piza Paes, Petrobras and John Rothwell, TWI discuss the large scale testing of flexible risers in sour environments

Research Board Research Board is a committee of representatives from Industrial Member companies. It determines the content, and guides the progress of the Core Research Programme.

Research Board Members

Chairman Professor John Irven MA, PhD, C.Sci, C.Chem, FRSC Consultant

Chairman, Engineering Committee and Metals and Weldability Committee - Professor Bob Ainsworth MA, DPhil, FRS, FIMechE, FREng University of Manchester

Chairman, Plastics, Adhesives and Electronics Committee Professor Paul T Curtis FREng, FRAeS, FIMMM DSTL Porton Down

Chairman, Joining and Fabrication Committee Ernst Miklos MSc, EWE The Linde Group

Dr Abdulaziz Al-Meshari BSc, PgDip, MSc, PhD

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC)

Tarak Al-Sabti MSc

ARAMCO

Dr Rob Backhouse

Rolls-Royce plc

Julien Banchet BSc, MSc, MA(Hons), PhD

AREVA

Adam Bannister BMet(Hons), CEng, MIMMM

Tata Research, Development

Dr Steve Beech BSc(Hons), PhD, CEng, FIMMM, FWeldI, FRSA

Rolls-Royce plc

Marcel Buckley

GKN Aerospace

Eur Ing Richard Carroll BSc, MSc, CEng, FWeldI

BG Group

Graham Clayton BSc(Hons), CEng

BP Int’l Centre for Business Technology

Gary Coleman

The Boeing Company

Dr Christopher Dash BSChE(Hons), MS, PhD, PE

Conoco Phillips Company

Geoff Dunn BSc(Hons), MIMMM, CEng, MWeld

ExxonMobil Development Company

Fernando Fernandez BSc(Hons), MSc, MBA

Embraer

Sebastian Garnier

AREVA

Samuli Heikkinen DSc, AWeldI

F4E

Eur Ing Peter Hilton BSc(Hons), CEng

Shell UK Ltd Shell ONE Gas Assets

Craig Hunt BSc(Hons)

Air Products plc

Professor John F Knott OBE, FRS, FREng, FIMechE, FIMMM, FWeldI

Consultant

Bruno Leduey

Air Liquide

Professor Zhiqiang Li

AVIC BAMTRI

Jan Lundgren MSc

GKN Aerospace

Dr David Panni PhD, CEng

J C Banford Excavators Ltd

Dr Holly Phillips MBE, BEng(Hons), DipMarSur, MBA, CEng, MRINA MCMI, MIIMS

RNLI

Dr Cheryll Pitt BSc(Hons), PhD, CEng, FIMMM

Ministry of Defence

Marcello Piza Paes MSc, DSc

Petrobras/CENPES/PDEP/TMEC

Dr Jan Przydatek BEng(Hons), ARSM, CEng, MIMMM

Lloyd’s Register

Brian Robb

Rolls-Royce plc

Dr Christopher Thornton MA, CEng, MIMMM, SenMWeldI

BP Exploration Ltd

Jitash Vaja MSc(Eng)Hons

AWE plc

Innovation Activities

Paul Woollin Director, Research

Aamir Khalid Director, Technology

Investment in facilities and equipment

Core Research Programme

TWI made very significant investments in infrastructure and equipment in 2014. Construction of a suite of new facilities at TWI’s headquarters was completed in late 2014. The three new buildings are fully integrated with the existing Bevan Braithwaite Building. The complete complex contains a full range of technical and training facilities, together with infrastructure including a library, restaurant and conference facilities. In addition to accommodating current and future growth of TWI, as a result of grant funding from RGF and HEFCE, the facilities also include the National Structural Integrity Research Centre (NSIRC), a joint initiative with Brunel University.

TWI’s Core Research Programme (CRP) value was £4.3m with over 50 projects active in 2014. Initiatives are underway to increase industrial input to the CRP project selection process to ensure the relevance of the projects, improve project management and delivery, broaden the range of project dissemination mechanisms to reduce reliance on Members reading detailed research reports, and assess the impact of the CRP.

Working with Middlesbrough Council, TWI has developed initial designs for a new, larger training and R&D centre in the North East of the UK. Key features are a large diver training tank, an expanded welding and NDT training capacity and an advanced welding facility capable of handling large samples in support of offshore wind, nuclear and other energy programmes. Subject to confirmation of costs and funding agreements, the centre is expected to be fully operational by mid-2016. Equipment investments in 2014 totalled around £15m and included:

state of-the-art, high-power, largechamber electron beam welding facility micro-welding laser flexible friction stir welding facility large-volume, high-temperature vacuum brazing furnace state-of-the-art cold spray facility high-pressure, high-temperature sour corrosion, sour fracture and sour fatigue facilities, operating up to 1400bar pressure high strain rate dynamic fracture test machine high-resolution field effect gun SEM confocal and 3D X-ray microscopes large seven-axis immersion UT tank 3D laser vibrometer

TWI’s CRP will be supported by 100 PhD research students over the next ten years via the SIRF/NSIRC initiative. Research themes will be aligned to the industrial needs of the programme and delivered jointly with TWI’s partner universities.

Joint Industry Projects Joint Industry Projects (JIPs) involve medium-term R&D work conducted to meet the shared needs of a number of Member companies, often resulting in new or improved standards. The JIP portfolio comprised 24 projects in 2014, with a further 44 projects in various stages of launch at the end of the year. JIPs provided 6.1% of TWI’s contract R&D income. Of the existing projects, 18 were conducted with the aim of improving safety and reliability of welded structures, and six dealt with the development of novel or improved joining and surfacing technology. Projects commenced in 2014 include the following: service performance and life prediction of polymer-lined steel improving the inspectability of aerospace composite materials metallurgical and structural integrity of post-weld-heat treated weld overlay cladding and buttering avoiding unnecessary repairs in pipeline girth welds using the new BS7910 ECA Procedure – Stage 1 measuring the effect of cathodic protection on thermally sprayed aluminium coatings at elevated temperature.

Innovation Activities

TWI’s new elevated pressure, elevated temperature fatigue endurance test machine, Jack Smith

UK and European government-funded collaborative projects

Confidential Single Client Projects

Public-funded collaborative projects involve participation in medium and long-term R&D, together with industrial partners and other R&D providers.

Single client projects, conducted for individual TWI Member companies are strictly confidential and typically include R&D, consultancy and bespoke welding and joining, coating, cutting, inspection and testing work. Examples in the public domain include:

TWI was involved in 124 collaborative projects in 2014 with a further ten approved and in ‘grant preparation’ (contract negotiation) at the end of the year. Horizon 2020 replaced the European Commission’s Framework Program 7 (FP7), and TWI was involved in 137 collaborative proposal funding submissions in 2014. Collaborative projects provided 23% of TWI’s income in 2014. Eighty-eight projects were part-funded by the European Commission, 33 by the UK Government (Technology Strategy Board, now Innovate UK), and three others.

A selection of collaborative research projects started in 2014 including:

Riflex – rail inspection by flexible electromagnetic acoustic transducer (FP7) InHeatPro – highly efficient induction heating process to cure and health monitor the bonding of composite patches on aircraft structures (TSB) ComSafe – continuous monitoring system for fuel tank safety assurance on hydrogen-powered vehicles (TSB) ICE-FREE – durable easy-to-apply antiicing coating for aluminium composite core conductor lines (TSB) RecycAL – high shear processing of recycled aluminium scrap for manufacturing high-performance aluminium alloys (FP7).

On behalf of Magnox, TWI’s project team designed, built and demonstrated the first robotic laser cutting system for size reduction of active radioactive waste storage skips, a significant enabling step in the decommissioning of a redundant nuclear fuel storage pond. Together with the Health and Safety Laboratory and the Transport Research Laboratory, TWI undertook an integrity assessment and testing of petroleum road fuel tankers, to establish continued fitness for purpose, on behalf of the Department for

Innovation Activities

New flow loop facilitates exposure of polymer-lined pipe to solvent-sour gas mixtures (at temperature and pressure), Barnaby King

Transport, after lack of fusion features were identified in circumferential welds.

Intellectual property protection

On behalf of a contractor working for a major offshore oil and gas company, TWI designed and assured the quality of a subsea coffer dam structural weld repair. This included specification and supervision of the necessary laboratory simulation and qualification programme, preparation of the method statements, auditing of a supporting construction yard and oversight of the actual repair.

TWI protects intellectual property where appropriate to ensure equal access for all Industrial Members to a significant new process invention that could give competitive manufacturing advantage, preventing others from patenting simply to restrict wider access to a TWI technology. Licence income generated supports further investment into new technology development on behalf of the Industrial Membership.

Most of the hundreds of single client projects remain confidential. In 2014, such projects included significant failure investigations in novel materials exposed to demanding service, engineering critical assessment of ageing structures in the North Sea using bespoke, non-standard methods, fracture and fatigue testing in high-pressure, hydrogen-embrittling environments, and design and manufacture of unique, highprecision and thick-section prototypes.

During 2014, TWI filed three new patent applications, relating to composite technology, a creep measurement device and a multi-position beam probe. All three arose from exploratory projects. The latter, the only invention to have gone into the public domain during 2014, can be used in electron beam powder additive manufacture for maintaining the quality of a beam across the powder bed.

TWI also filed three new trademark applications in 2014. The applications, all successfully registered, relate to our software product RiskWISE and NSIRC. TWI is currently managing nine distinct inventions, comprising 155 granted patents and a further 11 patent applications being pursued together with associated registered trademarks. Income from licensing activities exceeded ÂŁ1.9m.

Fatigue crack monitoring during uniaxial fatigue testing of a steel arc welded joint, Jenny Crump

Top Technical Achievements

Left to right: Bernadette Craster, Colin Ribton, Tyler London, Carol Johnston, Nick Ludford, Dave Godfrey

Novel plasma electron source A promising new type of electron gun has been developed that uses RF plasma as the electron source â&#x20AC;&#x201C; avoiding problems of processing inconsistency due to cathode wear. Research focused on understanding the physics of RF plasma and prospects for drawing higher-power beams. Studies have found that RF plasma provides a rapid-pulse beam which is more suitable for additive manufacturing and cutting than any other EB source. Pulse-width modulation allows the beam to be operated at optimum power levels at all times and the new gun also offers greater stability, a longer life and a reduction in maintenance demands and consumables, as no metallic cathode is used. A Membersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Report was generated from this exploratory project. Colin Ribton

Fitness service assessment of welded aluminium road fuel tankers TWI provided extensive finite element modelling, non-destructive testing, full-scale fatigue spectrum measurements, and metallographic examination to determine the relative safety and fracture integrity of petroleum road fuel tankers that contained welding defects. This was a critical part of a wider research programme led by the Department for Transport, involving the Health and Safety Laboratory and the Transport Research Laboratory, which was presented to Parliament and published by the UK Government in December 2014. Tyler London

Courtesy Health and Safety Laboratory

Top Technical Achievements

New analytical methods for permeated hydrogen and also water vapour in combination with hydrogen sulphide Metal-polymer products are used in oil and gas exploration and production systems. The polymer element reduces the permeation of species that can subsequently lead to corrosion or cracking of the metallic parts. As part of ongoing efforts to establish a suite of capabilities to qualify metal-polymer products for aggressive service, TWI has developed more analytical techniques. Using a modified gas chromatograph, the simultaneous quantification of permeated water vapour and hydrogen sulphide from a simulated service environment is now possible. A method has also been established to detect hydrogen permeation through a polymer liner. Bernadette Craster

Fatigue performance of girth welds in lined pipe As the result of a joint industry project, TWI has produced a comprehensive body of fatigue test data for industrially representative, girth welded, C-Mn steel pipes mechanically lined with a corrosion-resistant alloy. Inspection methods and fracture mechanics-based assessment procedures for the weld overlay liner transition point were also developed along with numerical modelling of the liner behaviour under pipe bending. Carol Johnston

Low-temperature diffusion bonding of aluminosilicate ceramic ANDRA, the French national radioactive waste management agency, approached TWI to develop a hermetic sealing process for the lid-to-body joint on aluminosilicate waste canisters. The seal must be made without damaging the vitrified radioactive waste, imposing a limit of 600째C. TWI developed a radiant-heating, interlayer-assisted diffusion bonding process to join the aluminosilicate ceramic components without exceeding the 600째C limit. Nick Ludford

Repair of offshore structure using a novel technique An operator of an ageing platform in the North Sea experienced a crack located adjacent to stiffener approximately 14m below sea level and contacted TWI to seek a repair solution. TWI proposed to make a repair by fully excavating the crack, which was not through-wall, and re-welding the resultant groove from the inside of the structure. The presence of seawater on the opposite side of the repair site meant that it was not possible to preheat the weld area and the very rapid cooling would encourage a hard and brittle HAZ. TWI developed a method of insulating the crack from the quenching effects of seawater without using a cofferdam. This was taken from concept, to testing, verification, and procedure qualification, allowing a significant cost saving by avoiding the need for a cofferdam. Dave Godfrey

Technology Fellows

Technology Fellows TWI grants the title and role of Technology Fellow to recognised expert staff who epitomise TWIâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s commitment to the development of world-class technology to solve industrial problems. Technology Fellows are leading authorities in their technical fields and have international reputations. As well as having made a significant impact on TWIâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s technology, and consequently the business of our Industrial Members, their day-to-day role includes the development and mentoring of the next generation of experts in their technical field.

Technology Fellows

Left to right: Professor Steve Maddox BSc, PhD Fatigue of welded structures Dr Mike Troughton BSc, PhD, CEng, CPhys, MInstP, FWeldI Polymers Eur Ing Dr Isabel Hadley MA, PhD, FWeldI Fracture mechanics and BS7910 Eur Ing Mike Gittos BSc, MSc, CEng, MIMMM, SenMWeldI Metallurgy and failure analysis

Professor Peter Mudge CEng, FIMMM, HonFInstNDT, FWeldI Non-destructive testing Richard Pargeter MA, CEng, EWE, MIMMM, FWeldI Sour service and ferritic steel Dr Henryk Pisarski BSc, PhD, SenMWeldI Fracture toughness testing and fracture mechanics

Professor John Wintle MA, MSc, CEng, FIMechE, FWeldI, FInstP Integrity management – nuclear plant and oil and gas installations Dr Alan Taylor BSc, MSc, PhD Ceramics, coatings and nanomaterials

Dr Paul Hilton BA, MSc, PhD, FLIA Laser material processing 27

Standards Development

Left to right: Isabel Hadley, Marcello Consonni, Capucine Carpentier, Geoff Melton, Philippa Moore

Standards development TWI actively participates in the development of technical and safety-related standards, to support both industry and wider society. The company is active in some 100 UK, American, French and international standards committees, working with organisations such as BSI, AFCEN, API, ASME, NACE, CEN and ISO, and influential technical industry forums, such as IIW and TAGSI. This allows Industrial Members to put forward their needs and new developments for consideration in international standards, and provides them with fast access to authoritative opinions on the application of specific standard requirements and the rationale behind them. Our contribution is also beneficial to the standards-developing organisations, as it reflects the constant interaction with our membership base.

Arc welding equipment

RCC-M code

Since the 1990s, TWI, currently represented by Geoff Melton, has chaired a joint working group between IEC and ISO to produce the first comprehensive international standard for arc welding equipment (IEC 60974-1). This standard ensures that the equipment is safe to use and meets the required performance characteristics for the welding process. TWI has also led the development of the electromagnetic compatibility standard for welding equipment, liaising with CISPR and other IEC committees, as well as the European standard for validation of arc welding equipment. Today, Geoff is chairing a joint working group preparing a standard for carrying out assessments of workersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; exposure to electromagnetic fields, to support the introduction of the European directive in 2016.

TWI Technology Fellow John Wintle has taken on the chairmanship, with Capucine Carpentier as co-chair, of the UK user group of the French standard for the Design and Construction Rules for Mechanical Components (RCC-M code, issued by AFCEN), which has French roots but is expanding internationally. The user group was created in 2013 to support the UK supply chain companies that use the RCC-M code and provide an effective communication channel with AFCEN, to identify and discuss common issues, as well as to share direct experience between code users.

Standards Development

BS 7910 A major revision to BS 7910, ‘Guide to methods of assessing the acceptability of flaws in metallic structures’ was issued in 2013 after several years of effort under TWI’s chairmanship. Technology Fellow Isabel Hadley played a leading role in these developments. In 2014 the associated software, ‘Crackwise v5.0’, which automates the procedures, was released.

BS 8571:2014 In 2014, a committee led by TWI’s Philippa Moore published a new British standard providing guidance on the use of singleedge-notch tension (SENT) tests. The standard, BS 8571:2014, represents the first time that fracture toughness testing using SENT specimens has been standardised, and is of significant interest to TWI Members in the oil and gas industry, where SENT tests are increasingly carried out to qualify pipeline girth weld procedures.

Single Edge Notched Tension (SENT) fracture toughness test specimen under test, instrumented with a double clip gauge across the notch mouth

Industrial Membership

Industrial Membership Recruitment of new Industrial Members in 2014 was very successful in the UK, but TWI also continued to expand its horizon overseas, with new Members from 23 different countries. Eighty-seven new companies joined TWI in 2014, with mainland Europe, Japan and USA continuing to be strong overseas markets. As a result of recruitment drives, there were also new Members from India, Canada, Brazil, Mexico and notably one new oil and gas sector Member from Russia. Recruitment in the oil and gas sector was not as strong as in previous years, possibly as a result of uncertainty in the industry due to the low oil price. However, following increased focus and cross-team effort, the power, medical, equipment, consumables and materials, and electronics and sensors sectors performed well.

Colin Walters Head, Industrial Membership Services

TWIâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Geoff Melton discusses latest developments with Ina PĂźender, The Linde Group

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Structural Integrity Research Foundation

Structural Integrity Research Foundation The Structural Integrity Research Foundation (SIRF) was conceived in 2012 as a platform for industry-focused strategic research and development in structural integrity technologies. SIRF brings together leading bodies and industrial organisations with a commitment to: Tat-Hean Gan Director of Technology, NSIRC

Chiraz Ennaceur SIRF Programme Manager

SIRF founder sponsors TWI Ltd BP plc Lloyd’s Register Foundation The Structural Integrity Research Foundation (SIRF) was conceived in 2012 as a platform for industry-focused strategic research The

NSIRC academic partners

Brunel University (lead) Coventry University Cranfield University Loughborough University University of Birmingham University of Cambridge University of Edinburgh University of Leeds University of Leicester University of Manchester University of Nottingham University of Southampton University of Strathclyde University of Surrey

examine current and future industry requirements in structural integrity define and drive research and development activities on a national and international scale train, qualify and award higher degrees in the area of structural integrity promote faster industry take-up of new technologies and procedures.

As a first step towards addressing these objectives, the SIRF partnership founded the National Structural Integrity Research Centre (NSIRC) – a major postgraduate educational establishment for research and innovation in structural integrity technologies at Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 2–4. A number of industrial organisations have already shown keen interest in SIRF. TWI, Lloyd’s Register Foundation and BP are founder sponsors. We are now encouraging further Industrial Member organisations to join this new initiative. SIRF offers to TWI members a flexible mechanism for translating fundamental research into an industrially usable form. The research delivered through NSIRC, in collaboration with a network of leading universities, and the applied research delivered through TWI experts are all carried out under the same management in new, world-class facilities and using state-of-theart equipment.

Founder sponsors

In 2014 the Lloyd’s Register Foundation became the third founder sponsor of SIRF, providing support to create up to 83 PhD and EngD studentships for the next generation of marine and energy engineers. As one

of the founder sponsors, Lloyd’s Register Foundation is given the opportunity to define the technical focus of the academic programmes, providing access to research and innovation aligned to its industry challenges.

Laura Vivar, the first Lloyd’s Register Foundation PhD student

National Structural Integrity Research Centre The National Structural Integrity Research Centre (NSIRC) will deliver 530 postgraduate students over a ten-year period (2012–21), and in 2014 welcomed 35 new placements, bringing the current total to 50. In September the MSc in structural integrity was launched; a second MSc programme, developed with Brunel University in 2014, will launch in 2015. A range of PhD topics have now been defined which include: the development of a risk-based inspection approach for determing non-destructive examination test locations of welds in engineering structures not subject to 100% inspection online remote condition monitoring using statistical analysis based on a small number of experimental results using acoustic emisson and vibration analysis advanced electron beam gun design and validation to enable high-integrity welded and additive-layer-manufactured structures development of transparent conducting

National Structural Integrity Research Centre

Ultrasonic inspection of complex geometries in immersion tank, Channa Nageswaran

coatings using sol-gel route the effect of microstructure and cold creep on hydrogen embrittlement of (super) duplex stainless steels.

presentation was ‘The Active Metal Brazing of Alumina’. The aim is for presenters to explain their current research in three minutes to an audience of non-specialist scientists, pitched appropriately for 16- to 18-year-olds studying science at college.

Academic partners Thirteen UK universities have now confirmed their academic partnership with NSIRC, alongside the lead academic Brunel University, to support the identification and supervision of industrially applied projects.

35 in 2015 bringing the total 50

New PhD placements

Tahsin Ali Kassam

NSIRC PhD student wins Institute of Physics competition NSIRC PhD student Tahsin Ali Kassam, was awarded first prize at the Institute of Physics 3 Minute Wonder Competition held at Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University. 3 Minute Wonder is a competition for all researchers in physics-related fields, academic or industrial, or postgraduate or postdoctoral level. Tahsin’s three-minute

Tahsin’s presentation was well received by the judging panel, scoring highly on scientific content and presentation skills, as well as the ability to explain a difficult topic to the young target audience in an engaging and entertaining way.

www.nsirc.co.uk 33

Industry Sectors

Advanced scanning electron microscopy Briony Holmes

Oil and Gas

Oil and Gas achievements 2014 Novel underwater repair technique for offshore structures New analytical techniques to address permeation in metal polymer products Creation of fatigue performance database of girth-welded lined pipes Test facility for assessing thermal sprayed aluminium at elevated-temperatures Understanding of sharpness effects on single-edge-notch tension (SENT) tests Insight into the integrity of steel-to-nickel joints subject to hydrogen charging Optimised risk-based inspection for offshore oil company Training course for BS7910:2013 – acceptability of flaws in metallic structures

David Galbraith Industry Sector Manager

Steve Shi Business Group Manager, Materials

Bespoke software optimises plant inspection TWI performed a risk-based inspection (RBI) project for a leading offshore oil company in the Middle East, and trained the company’s engineers to help them monitor their pipelines’ condition in the future. The inspections were carried out by TWI engineers using RiskWISE®, a specialised RBI and RBM (risk-based maintenance) solution that enables plant personnel to confidently manage the risk and associated issues for the safe operation of their plant and equipment.

maintenance resources on the most critical areas of its ageing assets. Wellhead towers were assessed to determine their condition, rate of deterioration and expected condition at the next planned outage. Because many of the assets were quite mature, with incomplete design data and operational history, TWI employed statistical models where necessary to infer data from similar installations.

Ensuring that inspection and maintenance efforts are effectively directed and prioritised is crucial to ensure the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of inspection protocol. The risk-based approach delivered by TWI optimises this process.

The majority of the process piping was found fit for service, but there were a number of issues requiring solutions that arose during the assessment. These included varying degrees of internal and external corrosion, and a few instances of anomalies such as incorrect schedule piping having been used during a repair.

In this instance, TWI carried out the assessment to help the Abu Dhabi Marine Operating Company focus its inspection and

Where deviations in wall thickness were detected, checks were performed to determine the validity of the result. The

best course of action in each instance was then decided upon, whether that was endorsement, repair or replacement. Through the use of its bespoke, customisable software package, RiskWISE, and by drawing on its substantial experience in the field, TWI was able to introduce an optimised, risk-based approach to inspection and maintenance, with a corresponding increase in resource efficiency.

RiskWISE® software solution Martin Quinn

Oil and Gas

MASCO2T - materials assessment for supercritical CO2 transport TWI has led a consortium of companies in a Joint Industry Project with the aim of gaining a greater understanding of the effects of fluids containing supercritical CO2 and H2S on materials, as well as other factors that could affect the suitability of materials for transporting such substances.

This included tests to quantify the corrosion rates of a selection of metallic systems used in the transport of CO2 by measuring weight changes and corrosion depths. Other tests examined the effects of H2S and supercritical CO2 on corrosion, including their impact on sulphide corrosion cracking.

The three-year project, MASCO2T, brought together seven companies active in the offshore sector to fund an extensive programme of tests carried out by TWI, to fill in gaps in the existing knowledge.

A range of thermoplastics, thermoset composites and elastomers were aged in the supercritical environment containing H2S over a period of up to six months. The barrier properties of these materials along with critical mechanical properties were established. Analytical methods were applied, where possible, to establish the alteration in the materials at various structure levels. Rapid gas decompression testing allowed the integrity of the elastomers to be investigated.

The behaviour of materials in contact with supercritical CO2 is crucially important for a number of applications in the offshore sector, including high-pressure reservoirs that produce a large volume of CO2 to enable enhanced oil and gas recovery, and the transport of CO2 for carbon capture and storage. Infrastructure involved in the transportation of supercritical CO2 is typically exposed to very high pressures and harsh environments, so a series of specialised tests in a range of different environments was devised and conducted in agreement with the project partners.

Autoclaves for exposure testing of specimens, Ian Wallis

As a result of the MASCO2T programme, the project partners benefited from increased confidence in their material selection, a reduced likelihood of failure of pipelines and polymeric seals, quantified degradation data and the establishment of test procedures that can provide the basis of routine methods for evaluating the integrity of materials in contact with supercritical fluids.

Oil and Gas

Stringent testing validates offshore mooring connector TWI developed a rigorous custom test programme to help one of its Industrial Member companies demonstrate the capabilities of a product for the oil and gas industry. Working alongside Subsea Riser Products (SRP), TWI designed and conducted a bespoke test programme for the company’s ‘Rocksteady’ position mooring system, which features pre-tensioned fingers to enhance its fatigue resistance when holding offshore vessels in place. The qualification requirements set for the new connector were demanding and included applying static tensile loads of 9900kN (1010 tonnes), fatigue loading at three different load levels and a test involving disconnecting the connector while under a tensile load. SRP also wished to measure the strain experienced by the fingers in the connector during the application of the preload and external load tests.

TWI designed and assembled a test machine capable of applying a static load of up to 1010 tonnes and fatigue loads of up to 500 tonnes, and worked with SRP to design end fittings to fix the connector to the test machine. The team carried out static proof tests, fatigue tests, static minimum break load tests and static disconnect under load tests. The strain experienced by the connector was recorded throughout testing, before the project team analysed the data so that the measured strain values could be compared with the values predicted by SRP’s finite element models.

Specimen in TWI designed test machine during tensile test

TWI’s test programme verified that the Rocksteady connector could withstand the applied loads without damage, and that it was fit for use. More information on Rocksteady can be found at www.srpsubsea.com.

Key role played in mooring chain replacement operation TWI successfully delivered a diver-deployed ultrasonic inspection method to assess the integrity of mooring chains being used to secure the BP-owned Schiehallion FPSO (floating production, storage and offloading) vessel.

inspection procedure. The links to be inspected were under 15m of seawater and located in a hazardous area with limited access, so the system would need to be able to be deployed quickly by a diver and results analysed remotely.

Before Schiehallion was decommissioned, TWI played a pivotal role in assessing the strength of its moorings. The FPSO was secured using 14 mooring chains, attached to a turret mooring system integrated into the vessel’s hull. As part of a mooring integrity campaign, BP decided to replace the top chains of each chain leg.

Ultrasonic inspection was identified as the best method. TWI constructed an array of eight probes, which would be placed on the crown of each chain link. A combination of numerical modelling and practical trials verified the approach. TWI also created a library of link samples, with artificial flaws, on which they could test the performance of the technique to ensure it matched the required specification.

To ensure that the chains would not fail during the change-out, BP needed to establish that the first loadbearing link – deemed to be the most susceptible to fatigue damage – in each of the 14 chains had sufficient reserve strength to withstand the strain of being removed for replacement. TWI was commissioned to devise a suitable

The inspection was carried out successfully, identifying anomalies in two links and small indications in two others. A second inspection, using the same device but a different procedure, was then carried out to identify the size of the flaws. Data from the

inspections revealed the chains had enough reserve strength to survive the change-out, which was conducted without any problems. Results from subsequent tests on the removed links using magnetic particle inspection, followed by destructive tests, corresponded to the ultrasonic inspection data, providing final validation of the procedure.

Final device showing conductors and probe positions

Oil and Gas

Peter Hilton, Shell NAM (left), discussing the evaluation of cracking resistance of duplex stainless steels in marine environments with Kasra Sotoudeh, TWI

Tests establish effect of dilution on weld overlay performance TWI conducted a series of tests to thoroughly assess the effect of dilution on the performance of a corrosion-resistant weld overlay. Corrosion-resistant weld overlays are used to improve the service life of components made with an otherwise corrosion-prone material, but one of the major concerns affecting their use is the impact of excessive dilution â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the filler metal mixing with the parent metal. Codes and standards for qualification of weld overlay procedures generally attempt to control dilution by restricting the heat input, but as this can be achieved by proportionally varying both the welding current and the welding speed, the resulting dilution can be different even if the heat input is controlled. Due to these uncertainties, industry takes a conservative view when specifying the

permissible dilution. For Inconel Alloy 625 weld overlay, for example, the permissible amount of iron in the overlay is restricted to five per cent: the same level as that permitted in Alloy 625 wrought product, resulting in substantial productivity losses, increase in cost, and associated issues such as distortion of components.

sustain a substantially higher iron content without any significant loss of corrosion or corrosion fatigue performance. These results should provide more confidence in relaxing the current dilution restrictions, potentially resulting in significant cost savings.

TWI launched a joint industry project to establish exactly how the weld overlay integrity is affected when the iron content exceeds five per cent, exploring the effects of a range of dilution levels â&#x20AC;&#x201C; up to 50 per cent â&#x20AC;&#x201C; on carbon steel substrate. Welding processes including TIG, MIG and tandem MIG were used. The weld overlays were subjected to a comprehensive range of corrosion and corrosion fatigue tests to establish their performance. The testing confirmed that Alloy 625 could

Specimen assemblies for pitting/crevice and SCC corrosion testing

Power

Power achievements 2014

Local vacuum electron beam system commercialisation Low-temperature diffusion bonding of aluminosilicate ceramic Automated application of thermally sprayed aluminium coating for wind turbine foundations Development of cost-risk optimisation software for power plant using welded, creep-resistant pipe Development of multiple virtual source array ultrasonic inspection technique Effect of welding procedure on Type IV cracking in experimental 9Cr steels (MARBN and FB2) Real-time imaging software for use with full matrix capture (FMC) inspection

Chris Punshon Industry Sector Manager

Tat-Hean Gan Business Group Manager, Integrity Management

Teletest Focus+ detects anomaly in nuclear reactor boiler spine Plant Integrity’s Teletest Focus equipment accurately detected and located a flaw in a key component of a nuclear reactor boiler, potentially averting a costly failure. Plant Integrity has been engaged by TWI Industrial Member company EDF Energy to regularly inspect the central ‘spine’ support in the boilers of two of its advanced gas reactor power stations using Teletest since 2003. The spines are 525mm in diameter, up-to-60mm-thick tubular and 21m long. There are 32 such ‘spines’ spread across four reactors in Hartlepool and Heysham 1 power stations. Inspections were carried out at statutory outages, which occur every three years. The Teletest tool was positioned in the only accessible place, just below the inlet header which protrudes approximately 2m from the top of the boiler, and from there examined

the full 21m length of these components inside the boiler pod itself. During one of the regular Teletest inspections, at Heysham 1 power station in September 2013, a significant change in response was detected from one of the boiler spines. As a result, two of the eight boilers at Heysham 1 Reactor 1 were shut down pending further investigations.

boilers was made. TWI’s and Plant Integrity’s support enabled all four reactors to come back on partial power before the end of 2014 and EDF Energy continues to be provided with essential technical input to increase the output of these plants to full operation.

Further examination confirmed a structurally significant crack in the spine concerned. The crack detected was at the exact position and of the approximate extent reported by Teletest, which had detected the flaw from some 10m away. Subsequently, all four reactors at Hartlepool and Heysham 1 power stations were shut down in the latter part of 2014 while a new safety case for operation of the remaining

Teletest capability study on the EDF Energy boiler spine mock-up

Power

Pipe inspection made simple with Polytest In 2014 TWI launched PolyTestTM, a new invention capable of reliably and nondestructively detecting flaws in welds in plastic pipelines. Several Member companies have already benefited from the new technology, which uses phased array ultrasonic testing techniques to identify flaws in welded joints in polyethylene (PE) pipes caused by factors such as cold fusion, contaminants and under-penetration. Towards the end of 2014 TWI inspected 40 plastic pipe joints for a client. The joints were in pipeline of two different sizes: 36mm wall thickness and 400mm outer diameter, and 51mm wall thickness and 560mm outer diameter. PolyTest is a modular system consisting of wheeled chain links that are mounted on the outside of the pipe adjacent to the weld to be inspected. The chain link system is rotated around the circumference of the weld, enabling the attached transducer to complete a full volumetric examination.

Of the 40 joints that were inspected, seven showed â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;indicationsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;: tell-tale signs of a fault. The client didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t accept any of the flaws and the joints were rejected based on the inspection results. A second site visit three weeks later allowed the data to be validated and verified through repeat inspections. Having established that the inspections were producing accurate, repeatable results, destructive tests of one of the welds were carried out to determine the cause of the indication. This revealed the presence of a foreign material, which had presumably entered the pipeline in the manufacturing process.

PolyTest being used to examine an electrofusion joint, Fredrik Hagglund

Plastic pipelines carry a number of benefits over their metal equivalents, but the lack of a reliable non-destructive examination technique has traditionally prohibited their use in safety-critical applications such as nuclear power stations. With the introduction of PolyTest, the first commercially available ultrasonic testing device for PE pipelines, that could be about to change.

Using the system and applying an industryapproved procedure, TWI collected data from each of the joints before analysis and reporting were performed the following day. The acquired data formed a threedimensional matrix, where combining A-, B- and S-scans helped to accurately locate and size any flaws.

Power

Robotic laser cutting fuel storage skips cuts radiation exposure for workers TWI has been working with Magnox Ltd to evaluate the potential of using robotically deployed laser cutting for the size reduction of contaminated nuclear fuel storage skips. Decommissioning the fleet of Magnox nuclear power stations in the UK has led to the accumulation of significant volumes of nuclear waste. This includes the skips used to store Magnox fuel after use, which require long-term, and costly, storage. Size reduction of these skips is currently performed manually by classified radiation workers using mechanical cutting equipment. The skips are of welded construction, have a footprint of approximately 1m2, and are fabricated from 6mm thickness C-Mn steel. They are coated with a painted layer up to 0.8mm thick. The skips also have welded integral support structures, made from C-Mn steel up to 12mm in thickness.

To address this challenge, TWI developed a robotically delivered laser cutting process and demonstrated its capability for remote size reduction of Magnox fuel skips. In November 2014, TWI provided Magnox Ltd with equipment and on-site support for laser cutting trials performed at Hinkley Point A on active skips with radiation levels of 4–40GBq per tonne. This is the first time in the UK this technology has been deployed for active decommissioning in a ‘production-like’ environment. Early results of this trial have shown that when compared with the manual size reduction of intermediate-level waste (ILW) skips, productivity increases by a factor of around four, secondary waste production is reduced by a factor of three, and, more significantly, there is a nine times lower dose uptake by the operators.

Extrapolating these benefits across the remaining 300 ILW Magnox skips indicates that the technology has the potential to save an estimated £30 million across the Magnox sites, supporting the cost reduction objectives for the UK’s Nuclear Decommissioning Authority.

Laser size reduction of contaminated Magnox pond skips

Meeting the stringent demands of nuclear waste canister design The need to dispose of radioactive nuclear waste presents a number of difficulties, and the consequences of getting something wrong do not bear thinking about. TWI is working closely with the nuclear industry to provide solutions to some of the biggest problems posed by this challenge. The current global inventory of high-level nuclear waste and spent fuel is stored locally in cooling ponds or in dry short-term storage facilities. The quantity of this waste is increasing annually, as existing power plants are decommissioned, and will continue to rise as many new-build projects begin operation. Deep geological disposal of high-level waste, either in a vitrified form or as unprocessed spent fuel in a metallic multibarrier container, is considered to be the preferred long-term solution for safe storage

of radioactive fission products. Because transport of waste outside of its country of origin is prohibited, each nuclear nation is pursuing its own deep geological disposal site and encapsulation method. Common with all of the methods, is the need to demonstrate a reliable canister design and closure welding method that can remotely seal the container for the duration of the canister’s design life, which may be between 1,000 and 100,000 years depending on waste activity and form and geological conditions. TWI has been engaged by several national nuclear waste management companies worldwide to assist in development of encapsulation canister designs, materials selection and demonstration of closure methods. These projects have involved basic canister concept designs, structural analysis

and development of methodologies and strategies for reducing the risk of canister breaching by a variety of anticipated failure mechanisms. Minimising welding-induced residual stress is a critical requirement in many of the safety case considerations and this has been a key activity in all of the programmes conducted.

Reduced pressure electron beam welding of nuclear waste container lid closure

Samuli Heikkinen, F4E and Chris Punshon, TWI, examining a thick-section structure welded using a novel high-power mobile local vacuum electron beam system

Aerospace

Aerospace achievements 2014 Linear friction welding of wing ribs for airframe tier 1 suppliers Development of the FSW of titanium for propellant tanks for the European Space Agency FSW work on advanced aluminium alloys for major airframe customers Further project work for our defence customers in the List X facility Phased array inspection of complex geometries Advanced ultrasonic imaging of CFRP structures

RichardFreeman Freeman Richard IndustrySector SectorManager Manager Industry

Robert Scudamore Business Group Manager, Joining Technology

Linear friction welding delivers material savings

TWI has demonstrated that using linear friction welding (LFW) to construct an aerospace component can deliver material savings of more than 70% compared to current manufacturing methods.

Taking into consideration all the large wing ribs that comprise one wing of a single-aisle aircraft, more than 11.5 tonnes of expensive aircraft-quality aluminium alloy has been reduced to scrap.

A core research project focusing on ‘near net shape by friction welding’ has seen TWI working with the aerospace industry to assist in the reduction of the buy-to-fly ratio for airframe structural components.

A wing rib has a simple ‘I’ beam crosssection, with ‘feet’ at each end that are used to attach the wing’s skin. It is the need for these feet that gives rise to the huge material waste.

An aircraft wing rib generally starts life as a large aluminium alloy billet. Due to the size and shape of the finished component, this billet can measure up to 2.8m in length and more than 850mm in width, weighing upwards of 750kg. To achieve the final dimensions of the rib, the billet is machined, which results in a large reduction in weight: down from 750kg to 25kg. A colossal 96% of the original billet is reduced to swarf.

TWI used LFW to weld a series of rectangular plates to a profiled plate to produce a tailored blank, which can then be machined to final size and geometry. The resulting 2.6m-long rib resulted in a material reduction of 500kg per rib, with excellent metallurgical and mechanical properties. The LFW route for manufacture of tailored blank ribs offers the potential for significant reduction in raw material usage, translating into quantifiable manufacturing cost reductions, and a corresponding increase in profitability.

Linear friction welded wing rib

Aerospace

IntACom system automates inspection of complex components IntACom is the result of three years of research and innovation by TWI Technology Centre (Wales), which led the project in collaboration with aerospace industry partners and the Welsh government. The robot-based automated system has the potential to lead to substantial savings for tier one suppliers in the aerospace sector and represents the cutting edge of composite inspection technology. The aerospace industry is making increasing use of composite materials, but the need to inspect every part can create a bottleneck that reduces production throughput. The IntACom project sought to increase this throughput by a factor of four. The system comprises two six-axis robot arms equipped with ultrasonic array transducers capable of scanning wide areas of the part being inspected in a single pass.

The system is powerful and versatile: complex curvatures can be dealt with either through pre-programming or in real-time, while non-parallel front and back surfaces and varying thicknesses are dealt with by adjustments to the relative positions of the transducers or in post-processing. Once a scan has been completed, the IntACom software presents the data in a way that makes analysis swift and straightforward. Components are displayed in 3D, with the scan results overlaid and any flaws clearly shown. Conventional A- and B-scan results are also available for viewing.

Robotic inspection of aerospace component Carmelo Mineo

The system is also capable of deploying other methods such as infrared thermography and eddy current arrays.

First, CAD data of the part is imported into the system. Custom software then allows the operator to select the surfaces to be inspected, and assign tools to each surface. Once focal laws and other ultrasonic parameters have been programmed, the automated scanning process can begin.

©ESA–S. Corvaja

Aerospace

Fernando Fernandez, Embraer and Mike Russell, TWI discuss the potential for linear friction welding of high-strength aluminium alloys

Additive manufacture reduces environmental impact for aerospace industry Aerospace component manufacturing times could be drastically reduced thanks to TWIâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s latest advancements in a manufacturing technology. TWI engineers have been using laser metal deposition (LMD) to produce net shape thin-walled helicopter combustion chamber casings for MERLIN, an EU project aiming to reduce the environmental impact of civil aero engine manufacturing. Build times in the aerospace sector can span several months, and carry a high financial and environmental cost. Developments to additive manufacturing techniques pioneered by TWI have allowed it to produce components of equal quality, but with significantly reduced material wastage, no toxic chemical usage and no tooling costs. In LMD, a weld track is formed using metal

powder as a filler material which is fed, through a coaxial nozzle, to a melt pool created by a focused high-power laser beam. By traversing both the nozzle and laser, a new material layer develops with precise accuracy and user-defined properties. The application of multi-layering techniques allows 3D structures to be created.

feature, printed parts would have a sizing error in the Z direction.

By manipulating the substrate, and minimising the movement of the LMD nozzle, features such as overhangs can be generated, with a vastly improved surface quality, without the need for any supporting structure.

The geometrical accuracy of the part falls within required design tolerances in addition to achieving a surface roughness of 15Âľm and is, in many aspects, comparable to a conventional manufactured part. Further, the CAD-to-part capability of LMD has eliminated tooling costs (â&#x201A;Ź50,000) and cut design-topart lead times from ten months to less than one month.

Another innovation is the use of an adaptive slicing algorithm which varies the lead distance (distance the nozzle moves away from the substrate in one complete revolution) of the helical tool path according to the tilt angle of the substrate. Without this

The high integrity of the final part allows it to be removed, without distortion, from the substrate. However, a final heat treatment step would be required to alleviate residual stresses that build up during manufacture.

A video showing the part manufacturing process can be viewed on the TWI YouTube channel.

Five-axis manufacture of the helicopter engine combustion casing

Automotive

Automotive achievements 2014 Adaptive electrode tip dressing for resistance spot welding Laser welding of thin copper to aluminium for car battery application Development of plastics welder training for a major car manufacturer and their supply chain Modelling of resistance spot welding process for automotive organisations

Sullivan Smith Programme Manager

Laser welding research improves quality of aluminium to copper joints Engineers at TWI have developed laser welding procedures that greatly improve the quality of welds made between copper and aluminium. When welding most dissimilar metal combinations, a key challenge is the different metals’ chemical incompatibility, which typically leads to the formation of brittle intermetallic phases and, consequently, inadequate weld properties. To counteract this issue, TWI developed approaches that minimise the formation of these brittle phases for overlap joints of highpurity copper (Cu) and aluminium (Al) thin sheets and plates (with thicknesses ranging from 1-6mm). The automotive industry could benefit significantly from these developments, as it makes extensive use of Al and Cu in the construction of vehicle batteries. These

metals have excellent thermal and electrical properties, which make them ideal for this application. Individual cell terminals within batteries are connected using busbars, which, along with the terminals, are manufactured from Cuand Al-based alloys. Consequently, there are numerous monometallic (ie Cu–Cu and Al–Al) and bimetallic (ie Cu–Al) butt and lap joints in a typical battery pack. Current joining solutions, including adhesive bonding and mechanical fastening, are limited in terms of both joint quality and process productivity. TWI explored two approaches to minimise the formation of the brittle intermetallic phase between the metals. The first was the use of high-welding-speed processes which resulted in fast melt and solidification rates, limiting the mixing of metals. The second was the use of an overlappingcircles scanning pattern, which worked to

disperse any small intermetallic phases formed in the weld matrix. Both methods brought improvements. Through this experimentation, TWI has been able to introduce a reproducible procedure which can assist Industrial Members in equipment and process selection for the joining of Cu to Al alloy thin sheets and plates.

Joint achieved using high welding speed

Automotive

New TWI-developed system a boon for the automotive industry TWI has played a critical role in an EU-funded project seeking to overcome issues affecting resistance spot welding in automotive production lines. The SmartDress project saw a group of seven organisations from across Europe work together to improve the performance of welding electrode tips used in the manufacture of vehicles. Resistance spot welding is the most commonly applied process for joining thin metal sheet in automotive body structures: a typical family car contains up to 5000 spot welds. The spot welding process offers a high level of reliability, with modern welding systems able to accurately control and monitor spot welding process times, currents and forces. However, one aspect of the spot welding process that is not tightly controlled is the wear of the welding electrode tips. Zinc-coated steels cause rapid electrode degradation and aluminium is considered â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;non-spot weldableâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; by many car companies as a result of electrode wear issues.

SmartDress is a new approach to electrode tip dressing comprising a complete automated solution to all the challenges faced when setting up and maintaining a resistance spot welding process. The system incorporates five elements, including three totally new innovations: a new approach to electrode tip dressing, using an abrasive to clean electrode faces with a minimal removal of copper; an optical sensor to monitor the electrode condition; a computerised control system to process data from the optical sensor; a mechanical dresser designed to minimise copper removal during tip dressing; and an automated electrode tip changer, capable of removing worn tips and replacing them without the production cell needing to be shut down.

Neque poruisquam Robotic resistance spot welding cell Sullivan Smith

Problems with electrode tip maintenance are the number one cause of stoppages on car production lines, but SmartDress has the potential to change that. The system is currently being deployed at the Fiat-Chrysler plant in Melfi, Italy, where it is being used in the welding of the aluminium body of the new Jeep Renegade.

Construction and Engineering

Construction and Engineering achievements 2014 Modelling and testing of road tankers for the UK transport industry Development of simultaneous double sided friction stir welding for thick-section aluminium for the maritime industry Bespoke welder training programme created and delivered for major maritime organisation Dissimilar materials joining by friction welding processes for different material joints in the transport sector Phased array inspection of ceramic armour tiles for armoured vehicles Structural health monitoring for crane inspection

Paul Burling Programme Manager

Pursuit of friction stir welding of steel for shipbuilding TWI is among a group of eight organisations collaborating on a project to investigate the viability of friction stir welding of steel for shipbuilding applications.

engineering steel, grade DH36. HILDA has been examining two aspects of the FSW technique: both weld quality, and its economic viability.

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a wellestablished process for joining lightweight aluminium and magnesium structures, its solid-state nature bringing a number of advantages over higher-temperature welding methods. These metals’ relatively low melting points make them excellent candidates for the FSW technique.

Early efforts have focused on characterising the microstructure of friction stir welds, and identifying its relationship with different weld parameters. Evaluation of the microstructure has allowed a preliminary FSW parameter envelope to be identified, which continues to be refined. The welding speeds attainable in typical 6mm-thick shipbuilding steel have already been increased from 100mm/min to 500mm/min, making the process competitive, in terms of production speed, with conventional fusion welding techniques

Now research carried out for an EU project, HILDA (High-Integrity Low-Distortion Assembly), is exploring how FSW can be used to join steel, a metal with a significantly higher softening point that makes much greater demands on the FSW tool. This research is being carried out with the shipbuilding industry in mind, so efforts are focusing on joining typical marine

Research has shown that the welds produced have enhanced strength, toughness and fatigue life when compared with conventional arc or laser welds, and the process is also tolerant to defects. A programme of

classification compliance testing is currently being developed that recognises these property enhancements. The case for using FSW in shipbuilding is further strengthened by its low weld-induced distortion, excellent surface quality and potential to be carried out underwater.

Friction stir welding in half-inch-thick shipbuilding steel

Construction and Engineering

Testing programme measures the safety of road fuel tankers When an inspection of a petrol tanker prompted concerns about the quality of its circumferential welds, the UK Department for Transport (DfT) formed a consortium involving TWI for a detailed investigation. In 2012, an authorised inspection body reported concerns about the weld quality of a petroleum road fuel tanker. Further investigation revealed that multiple tankers by the same manufacturer showed signs of extensive lack of fusion indications in most circumferential welds. For these and other reasons, the tankers were found to be noncompliant with the standard governing the carriage of dangerous goods by road. At the beginning of the research, there were approximately 220 potentially non-compliant tankers. Due to the potential impact on the fleet if all non-compliant tankers were to be withdrawn, the DfTcommissioned a large research programme involving TWI Ltd, Health and Safety Laboratory and Transport Research Laboratory to assess the safety of the tankers and their susceptibility to failure under operational conditions and the event of a rollover.

recorded ten hours of data while a tanker was driven over 300 miles of UK roads. Detailed, state-of-the-art fracture mechanics modelling was used to determine critical defect sizes under both normal conditions and in the event of a rollover impact. More than 600 simulations were analysed to determine the effect of geometric variability in the circumferential welds.

Neque poruisquam Phased array inspection Stavros Avramidis

TWI accurately predicted the critical size of a defect that would lead to a rupture during a topple test. It was also able to provide the DfT with detailed guidance on the acceptability of weld defects and fatigue life estimates, and advice on the safety and integrity of the non-compliant tankers, providing analytical and experimental evidence for the continued use or withdrawal of tankers based on a set of acceptance criteria. As a result of the findings, of the 130 non-compliant tankers still in service by December 2014, fewer than half were deemed requiring withdrawal by mid-2015.

TWIâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s brief was to assess the fracture and fatigue integrity of non-compliant tankers. To that end, a multidisciplinary approach was taken, encompassing finite element analysis, the collection of full-scale, in-service fatigue data, mechanical characterisation and metallographic examination. In the resulting investigation, more than 60 strain gauges and two accelerometers

Electronics, Photonics, Sensors and Nanotechnology

Electronics and Sensors achievements 2014

Developed equipment for the high-temperature cycling of electronic packaging materials in the range -50°C to +300°C and long-term temperature storage testing up to 400°C Redesigned sensor interconnect technology and production approach through the use of a multidisciplinary problem-solving and process development team Approach for the validation and de-risking of the changeover from lead-based to lead-free solders Welding techniques for the connection of battery terminals and thin ribbon interconnects Development of systems to aid the detection of counterfeit electronic devices

Norman Stockham Industry Sector Manager

Investigation leads to improved sensor design A Japanese Member company has chosen to take the manufacture of a sensor component in-house thanks to a solution provided by TWI. TLV, an international company specialising in steam engineering products and services, first approached TWI when it experienced a problem with thermocouple sensor assemblies incorporated in the steam traps it manufactures for oil refinery plant applications. The sensor’s 0.2mm diameter thermocouple wires, used to measure the temperature inside the steam traps, were failing within a year of operation at a rate of around one per cent. The thermocouples were exposed to temperatures ranging from -20oC to 250oC, a high level of humidity, and occasionally H2S or oxidising agents. TLV initially hypothesised that corrosion might be to blame, and commissioned TWI to investigate. A detailed analysis of four failed thermocouples, along with one that had not been used, revealed that corrosion was

not the cause of the failures, and that the problem was more likely to originate from the welding process used in their manufacture and the design of the component. This theory was corroborated by further examination of the joint interfaces of disassembled parts, and two additional thermocouple sensors of a different design. At this point, TLV, which had previously subcontracted the assembly of the sensor bracket, decided to bring its manufacture in-house. The company asked TWI to recommend an appropriate joint design and develop a suitable welding technique for joining the thermocouple wires to the sensor bracket. Taking joint materials and the design of the sensor into consideration, TWI identified that resistance welding was the most appropriate technique, and provided guidance on the process and suppliers of suitable equipment. These recommendations were verified through welding and testing trials conducted at TWI.

TLV has now adopted the process and produced the first welds using its new inhouse sensor bracket design and welding system. TWI is continuing to assist by verifying the quality of the first products from this new assembly system. This will be the latest instalment of a working relationship that has covered multiple related projects and seen TWI provide a range of services spanning failure analysis, welding process selection and weld quality assessment.

Left: one of the original sensor assemblies Right: the revised sensor assembly design

Loop pull testing 25Âľm diameter aluminium wires on an electronic device, Alex Russell

TWI EngD student Erik Hughes studies prototype orthopaedic material

Medical

Medical achievements 2014 Sub-micron laser welding of plastics for micro-fluidic devices Chemical modification of PEEK to bond to hydroxyapatite to form a prototype composite for orthopaedic use Additive manufacturing of personalised implants

Roger Wise Industry Sector Manager

Selective laser melting creates personalised orthopaedic implants Estimates suggest half a million people are admitted to hospital every year in the EU for surgery on a bone, joint or facial injury that requires a customised metallic implant. In order to minimise the trauma from their introduction and to increase quality of life for the patient, it is crucial that these implants are as close to an exact fit for their recipients as possible. Ensuring the implants are perfectly formed brings benefits for healthcare providers too, as their use leads to shorter recovery times and a reduced chance of readmission at a later date. TWI has been working to overcome the barriers standing in the way of increased use of fully personalised implants, which include the time and cost required for their manufacture and the automation required to prepare the patient’s bone to receive the implant.

The ImplantDirect project used geometrical data extracted from computerised tomography (CT) scans of the limb requiring the implant to precisely formulate that implant’s design. The technology developed in the project sees data from a CT scan being used to generate a computer-aided design (CAD) file featuring the exact geometry required to fit the patient. A selective laser melting (SLM) process is then used to turn the CAD file into a physical part. It begins by slicing the CAD model into a number of layers, calculating a laser scan path for each layer which is used to fuse a lamina of powdered titanium alloy. Successive strata are deposited and spread evenly by a wiper blade, before being fused together, one on top of another, to build up the implant in the image of the design from the original CT scan.

This technology developed for ImplantDirect has the potential to improve patient quality of life, reduce costs and cut the time it takes to make customised implants. The manufacture time is shortened from three-to-four weeks to seven days, while the generation of the CAD file, using the CT scan with additional input from a surgeon, takes just seven hours.

Hip implants created using SLM (used with permission by JRI Ltd)

Equipment, Consumables and Materials

Equipment, Consumables and Materials achievements 2014 EMFWELD - development of a software toolkit to measure welders’ exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) in alignment with forthcoming legislation CLAMPIT – development of distortion assessment software to assist fabricators with designing clamping systems to hold components in position and minimise distortion during arc welding processes Assessment of arc welding fume emission rate and composition, emission rates for nitrous oxides, carbon monoxide and ozone Improvement of fibre delivered laser cutting process through optical and nozzle development

Chris Wiseman Industry Sector Manager

Research to help industry comply with imminent EU directive Next year, regulations requiring assessment of industrial workers’ exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) will come into force. TWI has been conducting valuable research to make sure industry is ready. One of the perhaps less obvious benefits of TWI industrial membership is access to expert support and guidance in the implementation of national regulations and European directives. These legally binding requirements from regulatory authorities can have a big impact on business practices, and the practical advice TWI imparts to its Members can greatly assist with their adoption. One such directive, likely to have an impact on a large number of fabricators in the EU, is Directive 2013/35/EU. This legislation, which will come into effect on 1 July 2016, will require industry to carry out assessments of

workers’ exposure to the EMF from industrial processes, including welding. TWI has been carrying out research into EMF generated by welding processes for the last decade. The measurements and analysis that have been made, and the test protocols that TWI has developed, are helping industry to assess the impact that the directive will have and to identify the main areas of concern. This research is also helping to form the basis of European and national guidance for the welding industry. In addition, TWI has been the technical lead of an EU-funded project developing a software package to carry out exposure assessments for welding processes. The EMFWELD software assesses exposure based on the type of equipment, the welding parameters and the position of the welder in relation to the equipment.

Results from the research carried out under this EU project, alongside TWI’s other investigative work in this area, will be invaluable when the directive comes into force next year. TWI will be able to use its considerable expertise to assist its Member companies in complying with the new regulations.

Measuring a welder’s exposure to electromagnetic fields

The new welder training facility at TWI, Martin Dâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Urso (centre)

Training and Examinations

Members of training and engineering services staff TWI South East Asia

Training and Examinations

Training and Examinations Chris Peters – Global Manager Operational Support

Overall performance TWI’s training business enjoyed strong global demand, particularly in the UK and South East Asia (SEA), which led to healthy growth during 2014.

trained over

26,000 people worldwide

to develop and deliver new products and services where they were most required. TWI delivered a course on BS 7910 (‘Guide to methods for assessing the acceptability of flaws in metallic structures’) for the first time in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, using staff from both the UK and SEA. Multi-regional teams also came together to develop new assessment methods and TWI won a significant project from Chevron to provide assistance in assessing the competence of NDT technicians across the company’s global operations.

Global presence delivering over 700,000 individual competence development hours

Quality and new Products

In 2014 all overseas regions established quality, health and safety, and environmental management systems, audited and approved to ISO 9001, OHSAS 18001 and ISO 14001 respectively. These systems, based on the TWI UK model, are now fully operational in these regions. Promotion of TWI’s permanent presence in Calgary continues and during 2014 bridging arrangements for Canadian Welding Bureau qualifications to CSWIP were put in place. During 2014 TWI was able to demonstrate the power of being able to leverage its expert resources across its international offices

The construction of two new extensive training facilities, one in Cambridge, UK and the other in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, were well underway in 2014. In the UK in particular, the building works had a direct impact on access to space for training and

TWI Examination Services

28,000 individual assessments of

conducted over

competence

many courses were redirected to other TWI sites including Middlesbrough, Rotherham and Aberdeen. Despite this disruption it proved to be business-as-usual, with training growth in the UK and SEA exceeding expectations. The new facilities in TWI’s two largest training regions, UK and Malaysia, will

Jim Kerins – Regional Manager India, Middle East and Africa enhance the customer experience and bring additional benefits, providing a platform on which to build an increase in company- and government-sponsored activities. TWI India also expanded its reach by introducing two new satellite offices with facilities for training in Mumbai and Cochin. These additional offices, in locations of strong demand, now provide TWI with the essential flexibility to be able to run courses more readily in these regions. Delays meant that Malaysian government contract business was not as strong as previous years. However, strong performance after the establishment of TWI Indonesia helped offset the effect of these delays. Other countries returning excellent growth in the SEA region include Australia, Korea and Singapore. TWI Central Asia consolidated its presence in Azerbaijan, winning significant projects for training welding inspectors and welders to satisfy demand from companies in the region, such as BP.

Training and Examinations

Ernie Moskini – Regional Manager South East Asia

Farshid Alizadeh – Regional Manager Central Asia

Marcus Jones – Global Manager Strategy and Development

TWI headquarters in Kuala Lumpur, accommodating a purpose-built training centre, and an underwater technologies and diving inspection training tank

Training and Examinations

Rolls-Royce welding engineers at TWI, Cambridge

TWI and Rolls-Royce team up to develop Welding Engineering Diploma TWI has worked in close collaboration with Rolls-Royce to design and deliver a comprehensive, customised training programme for the company’s welding engineers. The engineering firm approached TWI Training and Examination Services when it needed a training scheme for its welding engineers that would ensure they had the core competencies required for their work. Working in partnership, TWI and RollsRoyce developed the Rolls-Royce Welding Engineering Diploma, designed to equip the company’s welding engineers with the essential knowledge and skills they need to uphold its famously high manufacturing standards. Made up of five modules, each lasting five days with several incorporating an

exam, the Diploma has been fine-tuned to cover aspects of welding engineering specifically relevant to the work of RollsRoyce engineers. Modules focus respectively on welding processes and equipment, materials and their behaviour during welding, construction and design, fabrication and applications, and practical workshops. TWI Senior Welding Inspection Lecturer Darren Jefferies, who taught the group the welding processes and equipment module, said: ‘The Rolls-Royce students were a very mixed group with welding knowledge and expertise covering a wide range of areas, and experience ranging from almost none to many years’ in multiple disciplines. Despite this varied range within the group, all of the students gelled together very quickly and built up a collective camaraderie.

‘They were a joy to teach, with a thirst for knowledge that led them to ask many probing and pertinent questions that I did my best to answer. I also learnt a few things from the students which I will take with me to use on other courses.’

Industrial Member Companies

Corrosion testing in aggressive environments Shiladitya Paul

Industrial Member Companies

Algeria BP Amoco Exploration (In Amenas) Ltd ConocoPhillips Algeria Ltd JGC Algeria SpA

Angola Angoflex Limitada Cameron Valves & Measurement West Africa Ltd Maersk Oil Angola AS MODEC Angola Lta Total E&P Angola Transocean Angola

Argentina Air Liquide Argentina SA Conarco Alambres y Soldaduras SA ESAB Argentina SA Socotherm Americas TenarisSiderca

Australia AACE Pty Ltd Air Liquide Australia Ltd Aspec Engineering Pty Ltd Asset Integrity and Reliability Services Ltd Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation (ANSTO) BAE SYSTEMS Australia BHP Billiton Petroleum Pty Ltd BP Refinery (Bulwer Island) Ltd BP Refinery (Kwinana) Pty Ltd Bureau Veritas Asset Integrity and Reliability Services Callidus Welding Solutions Pty Ltd Caltex Australia Petroleum Pty Ltd Caterpillar of Australia Ltd Chevron Asiatic Ltd Chevron Energy Technology Pty Ltd Cochlear Limited DSTO Ensitech Pty Ltd ESAB Australia Pty Ltd Esso Australia Ltd Gauge Industrial & Environmental Gladstone LNG Gorgon Upstream Joint Venture Hitachi Australia Ltd Iluka Resources Ltd INPEX Browse Ltd Joy Global Inc Linde Gas Pty Ltd MCA Australia Group MCA Australia Pty Ltd Nippon Steel Australia Pty Ltd QGC Pty Richard Eager Pty Ltd Saipem Australia (Pty) Ltd Santos Ltd Shaw Pipeline Services Australia Shell Refining (Australia) Pty Ltd

Talisman Australasia Technip Oceania Pty Ltd ThyssenKrupp Materials Handling Pty Ltd Total Australia Ltd Wood Group Integrity Management Woodside Energy Ltd

Austria Allnex Austria GmbH Borealis AG Borealis GmbH Borealis Polyolefine GmbH DAU GmbH & Co KG EBG & DAU Kühlerentwicklung GmbH Elektronische Bauelemente GmbH ESAB GmbH Hammerer Aluminium Industries GmbH IGM Robotersysteme AG PLANSEE SE

Bangladesh Chevron Bangladesh Shell Bangladesh Exploration & Development BV

Belgium Air Liquide Belge SA Air Products NV/SA Aleris Aluminium Duffel B V B A Aleris Rolled Products German GmbH Allnex Belgium SA ArcelorMittal Belgium NV ArcelorMittal Ghent ArcelorMittal Research Industry Gent/OCAS Borealis Kallo NV Borealis Polymers NV BP Chembel NV Caterpillar Belgium SA DEME NV (Dredging, Environmental and Marine Engineering) Fina Antwerp Olefins NV Fina Chemical Antwerpen NV Fina Feluy FMC Europe NV Merline SA ESAB NV Sapa RC Profiles NV/SA Shell Louvain-la-Neuve Shell Research SA Tailor Steel NV Total Raffinaderij Antwerpen NV

Bolivia Total E&P Bolivia

Brazil Air Liquide Brasil Arcos Solda Electrica Autogena SA BG Brazil

Bureau Veritas do Brasil - Oil & Gas Div Cameron (Brazil) Caterpillar Brazil SA Confab Industrial SA Confab Tubos SA Electro Aco Altona SA Embraer ESAB SA Industria e Comercio Esso Brasileira de Petróleo Ltda Flexibrás Tubos Flexíveis Ltda Fluke Engenharia Ltda FMC Technologies do Brasil Ltda Maersk Oil Brasil Ltda MODEC Serviços de Petróleo do Brasil Ltda PETROBRAS PETROBRAS - SEQUI PETROBRAS / Refinania de Paulinia PETROBRAS E & P PETROBRAS TRANSPORTE SA PETROBRAS/AB-RE/ES/TEE PETROBRAS/CENPES PETROBRAS/CENPES/PDEP/TMEC PETROBRAS/CENPES/PDEP/TS Petroleo Brasileiro SA - PETROBRAS SBM do Brasil Shell Brasil Statoil do Brasil Ltda Subsea7 Brazil SA TBG Technip Brazil Technip Brazil - Engenharia, Instalacoes e Apoio Maritimo Transocean Brazil Vallourec Tubos do Brasil SA

Brunei Brunei Shell Petroleum Co Sdn Bhd

Cameroon Total E&P Cameroon

Canada Air Liquide Canada BP Canada Energy Company CanmetMATERIALS Natural Resources Canada Canusa CPS Caterpillar of Canada Ltd Chevron Canada Resources Ltd DSG - Canusa Eclipse Scientific Elliott Turbomachinery Canada Inc ESAB Group Canada Inc Esso Resources Canada Ltd Evraz Inc NA ExxonMobil Canada Flexpipe Systems GKN Walterscheid Canada Inc Hitachi Canadian Industries Ltd Imperial Oil Engineering Services Co Intelligent Engineering (Canada) Ltd NOVA Chemicals Corporation Rolls-Royce (Canada) Ltd Servo Robot Shaw Pipe Protection Ltd

ShawCor CSI Services ShawCor Ltd Shawflex Shell Canada Ltd Soudures JM Tremblay (1987) Inc Subsea7 Canada Inc. Talisman Energy Inc Technip Canada Ltd TenarisAlgomaTubes TransCanada PipeLines Ltd Williams Energy Canada Inc

China, Peoples Republic of ABS Greater China Division Autoliv (China) Inflator Co Ltd Avic Aviation Foundation Technology Establishment AVIC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials AVIC Composite Corporation Ltd Baoshan Iron & Steel Co Ltd Baosteel Industry Inspection Ltd Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute BOC Gases China Changzheng Machinery Factory China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology China FSW Center China Offshore Oil Engineering Corp COMRI CSR Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co Ltd Dalian Sunlight Machinery Co Ltd Danfoss Refrigeration Equipments Tianjin Co. Ltd ESAB Representative Office F.tech Wuhan Inc F.tech Zhongshan Inc General Research Institute for Non Ferrous Metals Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Research Institute for Special Structure of Aeronautical Composite Sapa Technology (Shanghai) Shanghai Aerospace Equipment Mfr Shanghai ESAB Cutting Co Shanghai Oriental Maritime Engineering Technology Ltd (SOMET) Shipbuilding Technology Research Institute of CSSC Suzhou DSG-Canusa, Polymer Technologies Co Ltd Zhongyou BSS(Qinhuangdao) Petropipe Co Ltd Hong Kong CLP Power Hong Kong Limited – Generation Business Group Taiwan Air Liquide Taiwan China American Petrochemical Co Ltd Ching Fu Shipbuilding Co Ltd LGF Test Lung Teh Shipbuilding Co Ltd Ship and Ocean Development R&D Center

Industrial Member Companies

Columbia Talisman (Colombia) Oil and Gas Ltd Tecnicontrol Tubos del Caribe SA - TuboCaribe

Croatia Saipem Mediterranean Services LLC

Czech Republic Brush SEM sro ESAB VAMBERK as EWM Hightec Welding sro. Skoda Power sro

Denmark Danfoss Industrial Automation Danfoss Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Controls Danfoss Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Division Dansk Shell A/S Raffinaderiet ESAB A/S Grundfos A/S Grundfos Management Hede Nielsen LICengineering A/S Maersk Oil & Gas A/S National Oilwell Varco Denmark I/S Ramboll Denmark - Bridges Division Sapa Mass Transportation

Egypt BP Egypt Hitachi Plant For Steel Construction

Finland Alumech FSW Oy Borealis Polymers Oy ESAB OY Oy Hardy Spicer AB

France ACB AEROLIA AEROLIA MÉAULTE Air Liquide Air Liquide - CEPIA Air Liquide Welding Air Liquide/CTAS Air Products Airbus Operations SAS Airbus SAS Alfa Laval Packinox Alfa Laval Vicarb AREVA AREVA NC AREVA NC BU Assainissement

AREVA NP - Thermonuclear Fusion Projects AREVA NP SAS AREVA TA Bureau Veritas Group Cameron France SA Caterpillar France SA CERCA CNIM Comex Nucleaire Constellium (Research Center Voreppe) Danfoss Commercial Compressors DCNS Propulsion EDDYFI EUROPE SAS EDF CIDEN EDF CIT EDF Nuclear Engineering Division - SEPTEN EDF R&D EDF SA EDF UNIE EDF UTO ESAB France SA ESAB SA ESSO-SAF Eurocopter Flexi France SA FMC Europe SA FMC Technologies Company (US) FRESA GE Oil & Gas Thermodyn SAS GKN Driveline SA Honeywell Turbo Technologies ITER Organization Jehier SA Leroy-Somer Livbag SAS Maia Eolis Metrode France SARL Microturbo NCS (Survelliers) Oerlikon - CTAS Oerlikon-Soudure France SARL Polysoude SAS SAF SAFMATIC Saibos Construcoes Maritimas Lda Saipem SA Sapa Profiles Albi snc SCS Serimax SETVAL - CEV Sitia Soudure Autogene Francaise - SAF Subsea7 France SA SunPower France SAS Tata - Rail Products Techlam SA Technip Technip France TN International Total Total E&P France Total Fina Elf-CERT Total Petrochemicals France Total SA Vallourec Drilling France SAS Vallourec Oil & Gas France Vallourec Umbilicals Winoa

Germany Air Liquide GmbH A|irbus Group NV Airbus Operations GmbH Aleris Rolled Products Germany GmbH Arc Machines GmbH AREVA NP GmbH Blohm + Voss Repair GmbH Borealis Polymers GmbH Branson Ultraschall BROETJE-Automation GmbH ConocoPhillips - Wilhelmshaven Emerson Climate Technologies GmbH ESAB Cutting System GmbH ESAB GmbH EWM AG EWM Schweisstechnik Handels GmbH Fusion for Energy GKN Driveline International GmbH GKN Walterscheid GmbH H Butting GmbH & Co KG Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Hitachi Europe GmbH IHI Charging Systems International GmbH Kawasaki Robotics GmbH Deutschland Linde AG, Linde Gas Division Linde Group Lurgi GmbH MENCK GmbH MT Aerospace AG MTU Aero Engines GmbH MTU Maintenance Berlin-Brandenberg GmbH MTU Motoren-und Turbinen-Union Munchen GmbH Oerlikon Schweisstechnik GmbH Pierburg GmbH pro-beam AG & Co KGaA RIFTEC GmbH Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG RRS Schilling GmbH Shell Deutschland Oil GmbH SunPower GmbH Tata Aluminium Profiltechnik Bonn GmbH Tata Hille & Müller GmbH Tognum AG Total Mitteldeutsche Erdoel Raffinerie GmbH Tyco Thermal Controls GmbH

Ghana Shell Ghana Ltd

Greece Air Liquide Hellas SA Consolidated Contractors Group S.A.L (Offshore) (CCC) Corinth Pipeworks SA SunPower Solar Energiaki Hellas

Greenland Maersk Oil Kalaallit Nunaat A/S

Hungary ESAB Kft

India Air Liquide India Holdings Pvt Ltd BG Exploration and Production India Ltd Bharat Forge Ltd - India ESAB India Ltd ETA Technology PVT Ltd Godrej & Boyce Manufacturing Co Ltd (Industrial Product Group) Godrej Precision Engineering Godrej Precision Systems Godrej Process Equipment ISRO (LPSC Unit at Valiamala) JCB India Ltd Larsen & Toubro Ltd - Engineering & Construction Projects (E&C) Divn Larsen & Toubro Ltd - Heavy Engineering Independent Company Linde India Ltd MTI-Nash Friction Welding PVT Ltd Saipem India Project Service Ltd Shell Technology India Pvt Ltd Sievert India Pvt Ltd TATA Steel Ltd - Growth Shop Technip KT India Ltd Thermax Cooling & Heating Division TVS Motor Company

Indonesia Air Liquide Indonesie BP Berau Ltd BP Indonesia BP South East Asia BP Tangguh Development Chevron Pacific Indonesia ConocoPhillips Indonesia Inc ExxonMobil Oil Indonesia FMC Santana Petroleum Equipment PT McDermott Indonesia PT Esabindo Pratama PT JGC Indonesia PT Karya Yasantara Cakti PT Komaritim PT Nippon Steel Batam Offshore Service PT Nippon Steel Construction Indonesia PT Saipem Indonesia PT Transportasi Gas Indonesia Saipem Indonesia Talisman (Asia) Ltd Total E&P Indonesie (DKP/INS) Total Esp Indonesia Total Indonesia Total Indonesie PT

Industrial Member Companies

Ireland, Republic of Abbott Diagnostics Division Aughinish Alumina Ltd Avonmore Electrical Co Boston Scientific CRM Boston Scientific Ireland Ltd BS&B Safety Systems Ltd ESB Power Generation ESBI Engineering & Facility Management Ltd Hibernian Wind Power Medtronic Vascular Galway Ltd PSE Kinsale Energy Ltd Timoney Technology Group TOMRA Sorting Ltd

Italy Advanced Composite Standoff Srl AGIP SpA Serv Nost Air Liquide Italia Service Srl Air Liquide Italia Srl Air Liquide Welding Italy Alfa Laval Olmi SpA Cameron Italy Srl Centro Sviluppo Formazione COOLTECH Srl Elliott Turbomachinery SA ENI SpA - Exploration & Production Division ESAB Saldatura SpA ETC Elettrotermochimica ExxonMobil Oil Italiana SpA FMC Technologies Italia SpA Foroni SpA GE Oil & Gas - Nuovo Pignone Srl Nooter/Eriksen Srl Officine Nicola Galperti E Figlio SpA Raffineria di Roma Saipem Group Saipem SpA Sirai Elettromecchanica Srl Socotherm SpA Spirax Sarco Srl Sunpower Italia Srl Technip Italy SpA Tecnomare SpA Tenaris TenarisDalmine

Jamaica Shell Co (West Indies) Ltd

Japan Air Liquide Japan Autoliv Japan Ltd, Aichi Facility Caterpillar Japan Inc. ClassNK Composites Company, Nippon Steel & Sumikin Materials Daido Steel Co Ltd F.tech Inc Futaba Industrial Co Ltd Hitachi Air Conditioning Systems Co

Hitachi Construction Machinery Co Ltd Hitachi Engineering Consulting Co Ltd Hitachi High Technologies Co Hitachi Koki Co Ltd Hitachi Ltd Hitachi Ltd, Power & Industrial Systems Hitachi Plant Technologies Ltd Hitachi Setsubi Engineering Co Ltd Hitachi Via Engineering Ltd Hitachi Zosen Corporation Hitachi-GE Nuclear Energy Ltd Honda Engineering Co Ltd Honda Research & Dev Co Ltd IHI Corporation IHI Infrastructure Systems Co Ltd INPEX Corporation ISEL Co Ltd Japan Transport Engineering Company JFE Steel Corporation JGC Corp JGC Maintenance Services Co Ltd JGC Plantech Co Ltd JSR Co Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd Kawasaki Plant Systems Ltd Kawasaki Precision Machinery Ltd Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation KCM Co Ltd Keihin Ram Tech Co Ltd Kobe Steel Ltd Kobe Steel Ltd - Materials Research Laboratory Kobe Steel Takasago Kurashiki Boring Kiko Co Ltd Kyoei Manufacturing Co Ltd Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Ltd Kure Works MODEC Inc Nabtesco Corporation Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd Nippon Sharyo Ltd Nippon Steel & Sumikin Engineering Co. Ltd Nippon Steel & Sumikin Welding Co Ltd Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Radioactive Waste Management Funding and Research Center Sanoh Industrial Co Ltd Schlumberger KK Shinko Research Co Ltd ShinMaywa Industries Ltd Showa Denko KK Sky Techno Co Ltd TADA Electric Co, Industrial Apparatus Works TenarisNKKTubes Time Corporation TLV Co Ltd Tocalo Co Ltd Toyo Kanetsu KK UACJ Corporation WELCON Inc Yamaha Marine Co Ltd Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Yamazaki Mazak UK Ltd Yanmar Co Ltd

Kazakhstan Karachaganak Petroleum Operating BV (KPO) Maersk Oil Kazakhstan GmbH Saipem SpA - Kazakhstan Branch

Kenya Kenya Shell Ltd

Korea, Republic of ANSCO ESAB SeAH Corp Halla VistClimate Control Corp Hyundai Rotem Company Kolon Industries FnC Organization Samsung Heavy Industries Co Ltd - Shipbuilding Divn

Kuwait BP Kuwait Limited FTV Proclad (Kuwait) Ltd John Pickle Middle East (JPME) Kuwait Aviation Fuelling Co (KSC) Kuwait National Petroleum Co Kuwait Oil Company Kuwait Pipe Industries & Oil Services Co KSC Petrochemical Industries Co KSC

Libya BP Exploration Libya Ltd ENI North Africa BV Libyan Emirates Refinery Company (LERCO) Ras Lanuf Oil & Gas Processing Co Total Libya

Luxembourg

Tideway (Luxembourg) SA

Malaysia Arkema Thiochemicals Sdn Bhd BP Chemicals Malaysia Sdn Bhd BP Petronas Acetyls Sdn Bhd Bredero Shaw (M) Sdn Bhd Cameron (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd Carigali Hess Operating Co Sdn Bhd Contraves Advanced Devices Sdn Bhd CRC-Evans Pipeline International Sdn Bhd Det Norske Veritas As Sdn Bhd DNV/KKA ESAB (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd Esso Production Malaysia Inc ExxonMobil Production Malaysia Inc Leeden Powerweld Sdn Bhd MFE Formwork Technology Sdn Bhd

Parker Hannifin (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd Petrofac E & C Malaysia Pipeline Technique Sdn Bhd Sabah Shell Petroleum Co Ltd Saipem Asia Snd Bhd SapuraAcergy Sdn Bhd Sarawak Shell Berhad SBM Malaysia Sdn Bhd SCOMI Engineering Berhad Serimax Welding Services (M) Shell Global Solutions (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd Shell Middle Distillate Synthesis (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd Shell Refining Company (FOM) Berhad Talisman (Malaysia) Ltd Technip Malaysia

Mexico Cantarall FSO, Inc. SA de CV ESAB Mexico SA Frisa Penspen SA de CV Technip Mexico TenarisTamsa

Monaco Imodco Services SA - Operating Office Imodco Terminals SA - Operating Office

Morocco Shell Morocco

Myanmar Total E&P Myanmar TotalFinaElf Myanmar E & P

Netherlands, The AIRBUS Defence and Space Netherlands Air Products Nederland BV Allseas Engineering BV Aramco Overseas Company BV Bayards Aluminium Constructies BV Brush HMA bv CRC-Evans Automatic Welding - Sales, Service & Rental DNV KEMA Energy & Sustainability ESAB Nederland BV Esso Nederland BV ESTEC European Space Agency, Materials & Processes Divn - ESTEC Fusite BV Gusto BV Heerema Engineering Service BV Heerema Group Heerema Marine Contractors Nederland BV Heerema Vlissingen BV Heerema Zwijndrecht BV

Industrial Member Companies

Huisman Special Lifting Equipment BV Huisman-Itrec ITW Welding Products BV Kobelco Welding of Europe BV Lincoln Electric Europe SL Lincoln Smitweld BV Marine Structure Consultants (MSC) BV Metrode Eurolas BV Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij BV Philips LightLabs Rolls-Royce Marine Benelux BV SABIC Europe Sapa Aluminium BV Sapa RC System BV Shell Global Solutions International BV Shell International Chemicals BV Shell International Exploration & Production BV Shell International Oil Products BV Shell Internationale Petroleum Mij BV Shell Nederland Raffinaderij BV Shell Research and Technology Centre Shell Research BV Shell Solar Shell WindEnergy BV SIF Group BV Sonion Nederland BV Tata Packaging Plus Tata Research, Development & Technology Tata Strip Products NL Total E&P Nederland BV Total Raffinaderij Nederland NV

New Zealand BOC Gases New Zealand Ltd Buckley Systems Ltd Optimech International Ltd Shell Todd Oil Services Ltd

Nigeria Addax Petroleum - (Kaztec Alliance) Cameron Offshore Systems Nigeria Ltd Chevron Nigeria Ltd DNV Nigeria Ltd Elf Petroleum Nigeria Ltd ExxonMobil Development Company Nigeria ExxonMobil Producing Nigeria Ltd Globestar Engineering Company Nigeria Ltd Kaztec Engineering Ltd Nationale d’Operations Petrolieres de Cote d’Ivoire (NOPCI) Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd Saipem Contracting Nigeria Ltd Shell Nigeria Shell Petroleum Development Co of Nigeria Ltd Technip Offshore Nigeria Ltd Total E&P Nigeria Ltd

Norway AGA AS Aker Solutions Workover Systems AS ESAB Borealis Group Services AS BP Norge AS ConocoPhillips Norge Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap AS Det Norske Veritas Classification AS Det Norske Veritas Research AS DNV DNV GL DNV Veritec EAB Engineering AS Esso Norge AS ExxonMobil Exploration Norway Inc FMC Kongsberg Subsea AS GE Oil & Gas Sandvika GE Presens Kvaerner Verdal AS Maersk Oil Norway AS Marine Aluminium AS Metalock Industrier AS Navion AS Nexans Norway AS Norsk Chevron AS Norsk Titanium NUTEC AS Petroleum Safety Authority Norway Rolls-Royce Marine AS Roxar Flow Measurement Saint Jean Wheels AS Sandvik Riser Technology AS Seaflex AS Siemens AS SINTEF Raufoss Manufacturing AS Sonsub AS Statoil AS Subsea7 Norway AS Talisman Energy Norge AS Technip Norge AS Total Norway Volvo Aero Norge AS

Oman L&T MFY LLC L&T Modular Fabrication Yard LLC Petroleum Development Oman LLC RAY Skills Development LLC Rusayl Institute LLC Saipem SpA Oman

Pakistan BP Pakistan Exploration & Production Inc

Peru Talisman (Peru) Ltd Sucursal Peruana

Philippines Air Liquide Philippines Chevron Geothermal Holdings Inc

Philipinas Shell Petroleum Corp Technoserve International Co Inc

Poland Danfoss Poland Sp.z o.o. ESAB Sp.z o.o. Fersab Sp.z o.o. Ozas Sp.z o.o. Sonion - European Operations Sonion Polska Sp. z o.o.

Portugal Air Liquide Portugal Air Liquido Bosch Thermotecnologia SA Embraer Estruturas Compósitos SA ESAB Lda SONACERGY Serviços e Construçoes Petroliferas Lda

Qatar EADS CCQ QSTP LLC Black Cat Engineering & Construction W.L.L. Dolphin Energy Ltd Maersk Oil Qatar AS Qatar Liquefied Gas Co Ltd Qatar Shell GTL Ltd RAF (A) Water & Power Station Saipem - Doha

Romania Autoliv Inflator Romania TenarisSilcotub

Russia

Singapore ABS Pacific Division BP Singapore Pte Ltd Bredero Shaw (Singapore) Pte Ltd Cameron (Singapore) Pte Ltd CAPE Group Chevron Oronite Pte Ltd Cladtek Holdings Pte Ltd Det Norske Veritas Industry Pte Ltd ESAB Asia Pacific Pte Ltd ESAB Singapore Pte Ltd Esso Singapore Pte Ltd ExxonMobil Singapore Pte Ltd FMC Southeast Asia Pte Ltd FMC Technologies Singapore Pte Ltd FTV Proclad (Singapore) Pte Ltd Hitachi Zosen Singapore Ltd ITW Welding Singapore Pte Ltd JGC Singapore Pte Ltd Keppel FELS Ltd Kobe Welding (Singapore) Pte Ltd McDermott Asia Pacific Pte Ltd MODEC Management Services Pte Ltd MODEC Offshore Production Systems (Singapore) Pte Ltd Proclad International Asia Pacific Pte Ltd Reda Production Systems Rolls-Royce Singapore Pte Ltd Shaw Pipeline Services Singapore Shell Chemical Seraya Pte Ltd Shell Eastern Petroleum Pte Ltd Soxal Subsea7 Singapore Pte Ltd Transocean Eastern Pte Ltd

Slovakia Branson Ultrasonics - Slovakia ESAB Slovakia sro

South Africa

IZMERON OOO ‘ESAB’

Saudi Arabia Arabian Industrial Fibers Company Aramco Gulf Operations Company Ltd Dhuruma Electricity Company Eastern Petrochemical Company (SHARQ) Hitachi Plant Technologies (HPT) JGC Arabia Ltd Luberef PEMREF SABIC Sabic Petrokemya Saipem SAL KSA Saudi Arabian Oil Co Saudi Aramco Oil Company Saudi Kayan Petrochemical Company Technip Arabia Co Ltd Technip Saudi Arabia Yanbu National Petrochemical Company

Air Liquide (Pty) Ltd Air Products South Africa Pty Ltd ArcelorMittal South Africa Vanderbijlpark Works Arnot Power Station Chevron South Africa (Pty) Ltd DB Thermal DB Thermal - Division of DBT Technologies (Pty) Ltd Drakensberg Power Station Duvha Power Station Element Six (Pty) Ltd ESKOM - Megawatt Park ESKOM Enterprises ESKOM Group Technology Division ESKOM Holdings SOC Ltd Eskom Properties Gariep Power Station Hendrina Power Station Hitachi Power Africa Joy Global (Africa) (Pty) Ltd Kendal Power Station Koeberg Power Station

Industrial Member Companies Kriel Power Station Lethabo Power Station Majuba Power Station Matimba Power Station Matla Power Station Oerlikon Electrodes (SA) (Pty) Ltd Palmiet Power Station Peaking Generation PetroSA (Mossel Bay) Rotek Engineering (Pty) Ltd Sasol Chemical Industries Ltd Sasol Infrachem Sasol Synfuels (Pty) Ltd Sasol Technology (Pty) Ltd Shell South Africa Energy (Pty) Ltd Thermaspray (Pty) Ltd Tutuka Power Station Weldex SA

Spain Air Liquide Espana SA Airbus Operations SL Al Air Liquide SA Alstom Renovables Espana SL Boeing Research & Technology Europe SL BP Oil Espana SA BP Oil Refineria de Castellon SA Carburos Metálicos SA Equipos Nucleares SA ESAB Iberica SA Industria de Turbo Propulsores SA Ingenieria y Diseno Europeo SA INITEC Tecnologia - Plantas Industriales Navantia SL - Cartagena Shipyard SunPower Energy Systems Tecnicas Reunidas SA

Profilgruppen Manufacturing AB Rolls-Royce AB Sapa AB Sapa AB (Sapa Technology) Sapa Heat Transfer AB Sapa Manufaktur Sapa Profiler AB Sapa Technology Shiloh Industries - Europe Swedish Nuclear Fuel & Waste Management Co (SKB) WesDyne TRC AB Westinghouse Electric Sweden AB

Switzerland Allseas Group SA CARBAGAS CBMM Technology Suisse SA ESAB AG Georg Fischer Piping Systems Ltd Global Petroprojects Services AG Hydro Exploitation SA MEGGITT SA Nagra Oerlikon Schweisstechnik AG Rapid Technic AG SBM Offshore Inc Solitaire Marine Contractors SA SunPower Systems Sarl VAT Vakuumventile AG

Thailand Chevron Thailand Exploration & Production (CTEP) Technip Asia Pacific Technip Engineering (Thailand) Co Ltd Thai Yamaha Motor Co Ltd

Sweden Trinidad and Tobago AGA Gas AB Air Liquide Gas AB Alfa Laval AB Alfa Laval Kolding Alfa Laval Lund AB Autoflator AB Autoliv Inc Bengtsson Studio AB Borealis AB DNV Inspection AB Eberspächer Exhaust Technology Sweden AB ECAPS (Ecological Advanced Propulsion Systems) Element Six AB ESAB AB ESAB AB, Welding Equipment ESAB International AB ESAB Sverige AB Exova AB (Sweden) GKN Aerospace Engine Systems Sweden Global Application Development Höganäs AB L-TEC Deutschland GmbH Oerlikon Sverige AB Permascand AB Profilgruppen Extrusion AB

BG Trinidad & Tobago BP AMOCO Trinidad & Tobago BP Trinidad and Tobago

Tunisia BG Tunisia

Turkey Balikesir Elektromekanik Sanayi Tesisleri AS BP Türkiye Saipem SPA Shell & Turcas Petrol AS Total Oil Turkiye AS

UnitedArab Emirates Abu Dhabi Co for Onshore Oil Operations (ADCO) Abu Dhabi Gas Industries Ltd (GASCO) Abu Dhabi Marine Operating Co (ADMA-OPCO)

Abu Dhabi Oil Refining Co (TAKREER) Air Products (Middle East) FZE Al Hosn Gas (Abu-Dhabi Gas Development Company) Amoco Sharjah Oil Co ESAB Middle East LLC. FTV Proclad (Dubai) LLC FTV Proclad (UAE) LLC Fugro DCN Global LLC Maersk Oil Middle East AS McDermott International Middle East Inc Petrofac Emirates LLC Petrofac Engineering & Construction International Ltd Pipeline Induction Heat (PIH) Ltd Proclad Academy (Dubai) Proclad Group Proclad Pipe Ltd Saipem Dubai Shaw Pipeline Services - Abu Dhabi Shell Iran Offshore Ltd Technip Abu Dhabi Total Abu Al Bukhoosh Oil Co Zakum Development Company

United Kingdom 2H Offshore Engineering Ltd 3 Shires Welding Supplies Ltd AAF Ltd ABB Automation Ltd, Water & Industrial Business Unit ABRO ABS Europe Division Access Design & Engineering Acteon Group Ltd Adlens Ltd Advanced Fusion Processes Ltd Agip (UK) Agip KCO Air Accidents Investigation Branch Air BP Ltd Air Liquide UK Ltd Air Liquide Welding Ltd Air Products plc Airbags International Ltd Airbus Filton Airbus Operations Ltd AIXTRON Ltd Aker Subsea Ltd - Subsea Field Development Allen Gears Allen Power Engineering Allen Steam Turbines Ltd Allseas UK Ltd Alstom Grid - Stafford Alstom Power Thermal Services Ltd Alstom Power TTM Ferrous Alloys Altro Ltd AMEC Group Ltd - AMEC Europe AMEC Natural Resources AMEC Power & Process Europe Andrew Palmer & Associates Apache North Sea Ltd Apache North Sea Production Ltd API Microelectronics Ltd API Micorwave Ltd Applied Materials UK Ltd Applus RTD UK Ltd Aquamarine Power Ltd

Aquasium Technology Ltd Aquaterra Energy Aquatic Engineering & Construction Limited Aramco Overseas Company UK Ltd Arc Energy Resources Ltd Arc Machines UK Ltd Army Technical Support Agency Arup AS Mosley ASCO Numatics Asquith Butler Ltd Astrium Ltd Astrium Satellites ATB Morley Ltd Atkins Energy Autoliv Airbags International Ltd Avingtrans UK AWE Aldermaston AWE Burghfield AWE Cardiff AWE plc Aylesford Newsprint Ltd Babcock Integrated Technology Babcock Marine Rosyth BAE Systems - RO Defence BAE Systems (Commercial Aircraft) BAE Systems (Dynamics) BAE Systems (Military Aircraft & Aerostructures) BAE Systems (Operations) Ltd BAE Systems Aerostructures BAE Systems Astute Class Ltd BAE Systems Avionics Systems BAE Systems Combat Vehicles UK BAE Systems Defence BAE Systems Electronics Ltd BAE Systems Global Combat Systems Ltd BAE Systems Global Combat Systems Munitions Ltd BAE Systems Govan BAE Systems Land Systems (Bridging) Ltd BAE Systems Land Systems UK BAE Systems Ltd BAE Systems Marine Ltd BAE Systems Plc BAE Systems Power & Control Ltd BAE Systems RO Defence BAE Systems RO Weapons BAE Systems Shared Services PAG BAE Systems Surface Ships Ltd BAE Systems Surface Ships Support Ltd BAE Systems Underwater Systems Balltec Ltd Barrett Steel Energy Products - Forge & Machine Shop Bechtel Ltd BEL Valves Ltd bf1 Systems Ltd BG Group BG International Downstream BHP Billiton Petroleum Ltd Biomet UK Healthcare Ltd Blacks Equipment Ltd Bladon Jets Ltd Blanson Ltd BOC Gases BOC Gases Europe BOC Health Care

Industrial Member Companies

BOC Ltd BOC Process Plants BOC Tradequip Bodycote - Joining Division Bombardier Aerospace Shorts Bombardier Transportation (Derby) Bosch Thermotechnology Ltd Boustead International Heaters Ltd BP Alternative Energy BP Angola BU BP Azerbaijan BP Chemicals Ltd BP Exploration & Production Technology Group BP Exploration (Caspian Sea) Ltd BP Exploration OP Co Ltd BP Exploration Operating Co Ltd BP International Centre for Business & Technology BP International Ltd BP Llandarcy BP Oil UK Ltd BP plc BP Refining and Marketing BP Shipping BP Solar Ltd BP/AIOC ACG Project Braemar Technical Services (Engg) Ltd Branson Ultrasonics Brecknell Willis & Co Ltd Bredero Shaw Ltd Bruel & Kjaer VTS Ltd Brush Electrical Machines Ltd Brush Turbogenerators BSP International Foundations Ltd Bureau Veritas UK Ltd BWI UK Ltd Camcon Technology Ltd Cameron Limited Canusa Systems Carl Zeiss Microscopy Ltd Castrol Technology Services Caterpillar (UK) Ltd Caterpillar Peterlee Ltd Caterpillar Stockton Ltd Caunton Engineering Ltd CAV Advanced Technologies Cavendish Nuclear Cavendish Nuclear Manufacturing CB&I UK Ltd Ceona Services UK Ltd Ceres Power Ltd Charles Taylor Energy Chassis Systems Ltd Chemineer Ltd Chevron Chevron North Sea Ltd Chevron UK Ltd CIP Technologies Ltd City Technology Ltd Claxton Engineering Services Ltd Clayton Engineering Ltd Clyde Submarine Base CMP Products Ltd CNIM Escalators UK Ltd CNR International (UK) Ltd Code-A-Weld (Great Yarmouth) Ltd Cogent Power Ltd Cokebusters Ltd Combined Workshops HMS Defiance PC1007 CompactGTL plc

Conductor Installation Services (CIS) Ltd Connect Plus ConocoPhillips (UK) Ltd ConocoPhillips Ltd ConocoPhillips Petroleum Company UK Ltd ConocoPhillips Power Operations Ltd Control Techniques Dynamics Ltd Control Techniques plc Controls and Data Services (CDS) Copeland Ltd Corewire Ltd Costain Oil, Gas & Process Ltd CRC-Evans Automatic Welding (UK) CRC-Evans Offshore CRC-Evans Offshore Ltd Creo Medical Ltd Croft Filters Ltd Cross Manufacturing Co (1938) Ltd Crossley Engines CTAL - Composite Technology & Application Ltd Culham Centre for Fusion Energy (CCFE) Cummins Generator Technologies CWT Ltd D C White & Partners Ltd Dage Precision Industries Ltd Daniel Europe Darchem Engineering Ltd Datapaq Ltd Daventry Metal Products Ltd Dawson Downie Lamont Deeside Power Ltd Defence Aviation Repair Agency Defence Clothing & Textiles Agency Defence Equipment & Support (DE & S) Denso Marston Ltd Department for Transport (DfT) DePuy International Ltd Devonport Royal Dockyard Ltd Diamond Detectors Ltd Domino UK Ltd Doosan Babcock Ltd Dow Corning Ltd Dragon LNG DSTL DUCO Ltd Dunlop Oil & Marine Ltd E.ON Engineering E.ON Technologies (Ratcliffe) Ltd E.ON UK Power Engineering Services e2v Technologies Plc Edbro plc EDF Energy Nuclear Generation Ltd EDF Energy/EDF R&D EDO MBM Technology Ltd Electron Beam Processes Ltd Element Six Group Elliott Turbomachinery Ltd EM Coatings - Evesham Division Emerson AMC Europe Emerson Electric - Europe Emerson Electric UK Ltd Emerson Process Management (Europe) Emerson Solutions UK Encocam Ltd Energy Power Resources Ltd English Institute of Sport

Enovate Systems Ltd EPR Ely Power Ltd EPR Eye Ltd EPR Glanford Ltd EPR Scotland Ltd EPR Thetford Ltd Erlson Precision Ltd ESAB Automation Ltd ESAB Group (UK) Ltd ESAB Holdings Ltd Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd Esterline Advanced Sensors Eversholt Rail (UK) Ltd EWM Hightec Welding Office UK EXHEAT Ltd Express Engineering Ltd Express Industrial & Welding Supplies Ltd Expro Group Expro North Sea Ltd ExxonMobil International Ltd ExxonMobil Services Co Ltd F G Wilson (Engineering) Ltd Fairlead Maritime FAUN Trackway Ltd FCC Environment â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Allington Integrated Waste Management Facility Fibrogen Ltd Fibrophos Fibropower Ltd First Hydro Company Flamefast (UK) Ltd Flint & Neill Partnership FMC Technologies FMC Technologies Ltd Forum Subsea Technologies Foster Wheeler (Teesside) Ltd Foster Wheeler Energy Ltd FPT Industries Frazer-Nash Consultancy Ltd Freight Technical Services Fronius UK Ltd FTV Proclad (UK) Ltd FTV Proclad International Ltd Gatherer Systems Ltd Gatwick Technologies Ltd GE Aviation Systems - Newmarket GE Energy Power Conversion Ltd GE Oil & Gas - Measurement and Control GE Oil & Gas UK (Aberdeen) GE Oil & Gas UK (Nailsea) Gems Sensors Ltd Genesis Oil and Gas Consultants Ltd Gestamp Tallent Ltd GKN Aerospace GKN Aerospace Services Ltd GKN Aerospace Structures Yeovil GKN Aerospace Transparency Systems (Luton) Ltd GKN Aerospace Transparency Systems, Kings Norton GKN AutoStructures Ltd GKN Axles Ltd GKN Cab Systems GKN Driveline Ltd GKN Driveline Walsall Ltd GKN OffHighway Systems Ltd GKN plc GKN Powder Metallurgy Div GKN Sankey Ltd GKN Sinter Metals Ltd

GKN Technology Ltd GKN Westland Ind Products Ltd GKN Wheels Telford GL Noble Denton Goodrich Actuation Systems CTG Ltd Goodrich Actuation Systems Ltd Goodrich Control Systems Ltd Goodrich Power Systems Goodwin Steel Castings Ltd Graham Engineering Ltd Granada Material Handling Ltd Granherne Ltd Grayton Engineering GSI Group, Westwind Air Bearings Division GTS Maintenance Ltd Guardian Gyrus Medical Ltd Halco Rock Tools Hamlin Electronics Europe Ltd Harland and Wolff Heavy Industries Ltd Harris Pye Engineering Hayter Ltd Hayward Tyler Ltd Health & Safety Executive Health and Safety Laboratory Heaton Power Ltd Heatric Ltd Heerema Hartlepool Ltd Heerema Marine Contractors UK Ltd Hess Services UK Ltd Highways England Company Ltd Hi-Spec Manufacturing Ltd Hitachi Cambridge Laboratory Hitachi Europe Ltd Hitachi Rail Europe Ltd HMD Kontro Seal/less Pumps Ltd HMGCC HMS Drake (CFM) HMS Neptune HMS Osprey HMS Sultan Hoganas (Great Britain) Ltd Honda Engineering Europe Ltd Honda of the UK Manufacturing Ltd Honeywell Aerospace Luton Honeywell Aerospace Yeovil Honeywell Control Systems Ltd Honeywell Hymatic Houlder Ltd Howden Technology HS Marston Aerospace Hudson Swann Ltd Humber Bridge Board Hyde Group Tooling Ltd Hyder Consulting UK Ltd IHC Engineering Business Ltd In Salah Gas Indian Queens Power Ltd Industrial Rubber Ltd Innovative Tooling Solutions Ltd INTECSEA (UK) Limited Intelligent Engineering (UK) Limited InterAct Activity Management Ltd Intercontrole International Diamond Services Inc International Nuclear Services Ltd International Oilfield Drilling Supplies Ltd International Power - UK Power Generation Operations

Industrial Member Companies International Valves Ltd Interserve Industrial Services Ltd - Mechanical Division Invibio Ltd IODS Oil Tool Division IODS Pipe Clad Ltd ITW Welding Products UK J C Bamford Excavators Ltd Jacobs UK Jaguar Land Rover JCB Cab Systems JCB Compact Products Ltd JCB Earthmovers Ltd JCB Excavators Rocester JCB Heavy Products Ltd JCB Hydrapower Cab Division Ltd JCB Landpower Ltd JCB Research JCB Transmissions JDR Cable Systems Ltd JGC Engineering & Technical Services Ltd Johnson Matthey Battery Systems Ltd Johnson Matthey Davy Technologies Ltd Joint Replacement Instrumentation Ltd Jost UK Ltd Joy Global (UK) Underground Ltd Kalzip Ltd Kawasaki Heavy Industries (UK) Ltd Kawasaki Precision Machinery (UK) Ltd Kawasaki Robotics (UK) Ltd Kazakh Projects Joint Venture Ltd KBR Greenford Kellogg Brown & Root (UK) Ltd Kidde-Graviner Ltd Kone Escalators Krohne Ltd Kuka Systems Friction Stir Welding Division Kuak Systems UK Ltd KW Ltd Laing O’Rourke plc Laker-Vent Engineering Ltd Lander Automotive Ltd Lasermet Ltd Leengate Welding Group Ltd LICenergy UK Ltd Lincoln Electric (UK) Ltd Lion Engineering Services Ltd Lloyd’s Register Lloyd’s Register EMEA Lloyd’s Register Industry Divn Lloyd’s Register Inspection Ltd Lloyd’s Register Quality Assurance Ltd Lloyd’s Register Rail (RS) Ltd Lloyds UK Lockheed Martin UK Ampthill Ltd London Underground Ltd London Underground Nominee BCV Ltd LPA Channel Electric LPA Group Haswell Engineering LPA Niphan Systems LTi Metaltech Ltd Lucy Switchgear (EMS) Ltd Luxfer Gas Cylinders Luxfer Group Ltd Luxfer UK Ltd M. S. C. M. Ltd Mabey Bridge Ltd Mabey Engineering Group MACAW Engineering Ltd

MacGregor Welding Systems Ltd MacTaggart Scott & Co Ltd Maersk Oil North Sea UK Ltd Magnesium Elektron Ltd Magnox Ltd Maloney Metalcraft Ltd Marine Accident Investigation Branch Marine Systems Technology Ltd Marshall Aerospace and Defence Group Marshall of Cambridge Aerospace Ltd Marshall Solutions Martin Baker Aircraft Company Ltd MBDA UK Ltd McDermott Marine Construction Ltd McDermott Subsea Systems Ltd Mech-Tool Engineering Ltd Medical Director General (Naval) Meggitt Sensing Systems Meggitt UK Ltd MEL Chemicals Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains Ltd Meta Vision Systems Ltd Metal Improvement Company LLC Metaldyne International (UK) Ltd Metalysis Metrode Products Ltd Mettler Toledo Safeline Metal Detection Mettler-Toledo Safeline X-ray Ltd Michell Bearings Micromass UK Ltd Midland Steel Traders Ministry of Defence Mirage Machines Ltd Mitre Ltd Mobotec Mobrey Measurement Division MoD (PE) Molecular Oxygen Ltd Molecular Products Ltd MTCe Ltd MTI Welding Technologies Ltd National Grid GLNG - Isle of Grain NCOC NV NCS Survey Ltd NEI Nuclear Systems Ltd NEI Power Projects Ltd NEI Thompson Ltd NeoNickel (Blackburn) Ltd Neptune Offshore Services Network Rail Nexen Energy Services International Ltd Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd NG Bailey Offsite Manufacture NMB Minebea UK Ltd Nobel Automotive UK Ltd Norma Products Ltd Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) Oaksmere Ocean Kinetics Ltd Office for Nuclear Regulation Office of Rail Regulation Offshore Installation Services OGN Group Oil States Industries (UK) Ltd Oldham Engineering Ltd Olympus Keymed Ltd Orb Electrical Steels Ltd Otis Ltd. Pan TfL Department

Ove Arup & Partners Ltd Oxford Technologies Ltd Padarn Power Company Ltd Pall Manufacturing UK Ltd Paradigm Precision - Burnley Ltd Peebles Electric Ltd Peerless Europe Ltd Penspen Ltd Pentair Thermal Management UK Ltd Perenco UK Ltd Perkins Engines Company Ltd Petreco International Ltd Petrobras Europe Ltd Petrofac Engineering & Construction - UK Philips AVENT PII Pipeline Solutions Pipeline Engineering & Supply Co Ltd Pipeline Technique Ltd Plastic Logic Ltd Polypipe Civils Ltd Polysoude UK Poole Process Equipment Ltd Portsmouth Aviation Ltd Powerfield Specialist Engines Ltd Premier Oil plc Prima Dental Group Primetals Technologies Ltd Proclad Heat Treatment Ltd Proclad Induction Bending Ltd Proclad International Forging Ltd Procon Engineering (a Division of NOV UK Ltd) Prolec Ltd Proserv Offshore Abandonment & Decommissioning PSI (Phoenix Scientific Industries) Ltd PTG Heavy Industries Pulse Structural Monitoring Ltd Pure Fishing (UK) Ltd Pyroban Group Ltd Qualfab Ltd Quartzelec Ltd R & A Kay Inspection Services Ltd RAF Brize Norton RAF Cottesmore RAF Honington RAF Innsworth RAF Marham RAF Sealand RAF St Athan RAF Waddington RAF Wittering RAF Wyton Rail Accident Investigation Branch Ram Power Ltd Ransomes Jacobsen Ltd Ratcliffe-on-Soar Power Station Raytheon Systems Ltd Reaction Engines Ltd Red Bull Technology Ltd Redman Controls & Electronics Ltd Refcom Research Acquisition Organisation Responsive Engineering Ltd, Fabrication & Welding Division Rhyal Engineering Ltd Ricardo Cambridge Technical Centre RNH Haslar Rolls-Laval Heat Exchangers Rolls-Royce Aero Engine Services Ltd Rolls-Royce Fuel Cell Systems Ltd

Rolls-Royce Industrial & Marine Gas Turbines Ltd Rolls-Royce Industrial Power Group Rolls-Royce Marine Power Operations Ltd Rolls-Royce Naval Marine Rolls-Royce Platform Maintenance Rolls-Royce plc Rolls-Royce Power Engineering plc Rolls-Royce Primary Components - HPV Round House Ltd Royal Air Force Royal and Sun Alliance Engineering Royal National Lifeboat Institution Royal School of Military Engineering (Chatham) RR Industrial Controls Ltd RTN Ltd RTS - International Rugeley Power Ltd Rutherford Appleton Laboratory - ISIS SABIC UK Petrochemicals Safran Power UK Saipem Ltd Saltend Cogeneration Company Ltd Sapa Profiles Ltd Schindler Ltd Scott Bader Ltd Scottish & Southern Energy (Generation Divn) Scottish Hydro Electric Scottish Power - Generation Division Scurrah Nassau Ltd Seatronics Ltd Select Plant Hire Company Ltd Sellafield Ltd Selman Marine Design Ltd SEM Ltd Sepura Ltd Serimax Ltd Serious Engineering Ltd SGA Technologies Ltd Shaw Inspection Systems Ltd Shaw Pipeline Services UK Ltd Sheffield Forgemasters Engineering Ltd Shell Chemicals UK Ltd Shell Distribution Shell Exploration & Production Lab Shell Global Solutions (UK) Shell International Chemical Co Ltd Shell International Renewables Ltd Shell International Trading & Shipping Co Ltd Shell Marine Personnel (IOM) Ltd Shell Research Ltd Shell Services International Ltd Shell Shipping Technology Shell UK Downstream Oil Shell UK Exploration Shell UK Exploration & Production Shell UK Ltd Shell UK Oil Shell Upstream International Europe Shotton Power Station Siemens Energy Service Fossil – Newcastle-upon-Tyne Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery Ltd Siemens Magnet Technology Sigma Composites Ltd

Industrial Member Companies

Skycraft Services Ltd Smith & Nephew plc - Trauma Division Smith & Nephew plc - Wound Management Soil Machine Dynamics Ltd Somers Forge Ltd Sonsub Ltd Spectus Window Systems Speedo International Ltd Spinetic Energy Ltd Spiral Weld Ltd Spirit AeroSystems (Europe) Ltd SPTS Technologies Ltd SR Drives Manufacturing Ltd Stainless Metalcraft (Chatteris) Ltd Stannah Stairlifts Ltd Stanref International plc STATS Group Steel Propeller Ltd Stork Technical Services (RBG) Ltd Stothert & Pitt plc Strainstall UK Ltd Subsea 7 Subsea 7 Pipeline Production Ltd Subsea Components Subsea Riser Products Subsea 7 MS Ltd Subsea 7 UK Ltd SunPower Corporation UK Ltd Swagelining Ltd Switched Reluctance Drives Ltd Talisman Sinopec Energy UK Ltd TAQA Bratani Ltd Taragenyx Ltd Tata Catnic Tata Colors Tata Distribution and Building Systems UK Tata Firsteel Coated Strip Tata Long Products Tata Process Engineering Tata Rail Tata Special Profiles Tata Special Strip Tata Speciality Steels Tata Steel Automotive Engineering Tata Steel UK Ltd Tata Strip Products UK Tata Tubes Tata UK Ltd Team Energy Resources Ltd Tecforce Ltd Technip E&C UK Ltd Technip UK Ltd Teddington Engineered Solutions Ltd Teesside Cast Products Teesside Power Station TEi Ltd TEi Metallurgical Services TEi-Yimpact Teledyne Cormon Tenaris Global Services (UK) Ltd TenCate Advanced Composites Ltd Terex GB Ltd. Dungannon Terex Materials Processing, Coalville Terex Materials Processing, Omagh Tesla Engineering Ltd Textron Golf Turf Care & Speciality Products Thales Underwater Systems Ltd The Oil and Pipelines Agency (OPA)

The Power Industrial Group Ltd The Wall Engineering Co Ltd Thermal Engineering Ltd Thomas Broadbent & Sons Ltd Thompson Friction Welding Ltd Thos. Storey Fabrications Ltd Titan Steel Wheels Ltd Total - HDS3 Project - ISBL Total E&P UK Ltd Total UK Ltd TPS Technology Centre TPS Weldtech Ltd TRAC Oil & Gas Ltd Trackwork Transocean (UK) Transocean Ltd Transvac Systems Ltd TRB Lightweight Structures Ltd Trelleborg Offshore UK Ltd Trident Offshore Tridonic UK Ltd Triton Electronics Ltd TS Metals Tube Lines Turner PowerTrain Systems Ltd UK Sport Ultra Electronics - Nuclear Control Systems, Wimborne Ultra Electronics Controls Division United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority UTAS UWG Ltd Valen Fittings Ltd Valtek Engineering Vantrunk Ltd VerdErg Connectors Ltd Victor Technologies Victrex plc Walker Bros (Elland) Ltd Warren Services Ltd Weir Engineering Services Ltd - Turbomachinery Engineering Weir Valves & Controls UK Ltd Welder Equipment Services Ltd Wellstream International Ltd Wentgate Dynaweld Ltd WFEL Ltd WGIM Aberdeen Whessoe Engineering Ltd Whittaker Engineering William Cook Cast Products - Leeds Wind Towers Ltd Wood Group Kenny Ltd Woodfield Systems Ltd Worcester Heat Systems Ltd Wykes Engineering Co (Rushden) Ltd Xaar plc Xaarjet Ltd ZF Lemforder UK Ltd Zytek Automotive Ltd Channel Islands Rutherford Indemnity Ltd (Guernsey)

United States of America AAR Mobility Systems ABS Americas ABS World Headquarters Advanced Bionics Corp

Advanced Joining Technologies Inc Advanced Metal Products Inc Aera Energy LLC AGA Gas Inc Air Liquide America Corp Alcoa Inc Alcotec Wire Company Allseas USA Inc Alyeska Pipeline Service Co American Engineering & Manufacturing Inc Anadarko Petroleum Corporation Applied Drilling Technology Inc Applied Materials Aramco Services Company Arc Machines Inc ARCO International Oil & Gas Company ARCO Pipe Line Company Inc AREVA NDE Solutions AREVA NP INC ASTECH Engineered Products Inc Autoliv Brigham City, Autoliv ASP Inc Autoliv Tremonton, Autoliv ASP Inc AZZ WSI BAE Systems (USA) BAE Systems Southeast Shipyards BAE Systems, Ground Systems BG Americas & Global LNG BHP Billiton Petroleum (Americas) Inc Big Three Industries Inc BOC Gases Americas Boeing Commercial Airplanes Boeing Company, The Boston Scientific Corporation BP America Inc BP America Production Co BP Americas BP AMOCO Exploration BP Carson Refinery BP Exploration (Alaska) Inc BP Refining & Logistics Technology BP West Coast Products LLC - Carson Refinery Cameron International Corp Cameron Valves & Measurement Caterpillar Belcan Caterpillar Inc CC Technologies Chevron Corporation Chevron Energy Technology Company Chevron Exploration & Production Technology Co Chevron Oil Field Research Co Chevron Petroleum Technology Co Chevron Pipe Line Co Chevron Research & Technnolgy Co Chevron Shipping Company LLC Chevron USA Inc Chevron USA Products Co Concurrent Technologies Corp ConocoPhillips ConocoPhillips Alaska Inc ConocoPhillips Company ConocoPhillips Fibers Corp CRC-Evans Pipeline International Inc CVE Inc Cyril Bath DAU Thermal Solutions North America Delphi Automotive Systems LLC Delphi Electronics & Safety Det Norske Veritas (USA) Inc

Det Norske Veritas Industry EBTEC Corporation Eclipse Aerospace Inc Electro-Motive Diesel Inc Elliott Company Elliott Turbomachinery Co Inc ESAB Welding & Cutting Products Esso Exploration Inc ExxonMobil Co USA ExxonMobil Development Company - Upstream only ExxonMobil Exploration & Production ExxonMobil Oil Corp ExxonMobil Pipeline Co ExxonMobil Production Company ExxonMobil Production Research Co ExxonMobil Research & Engineering Co ExxonMobil Technology Company ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company FMC Gold Co FMC Technologies Inc Fontaine Trailer Company Friction Stir Link Inc Frigoscandia Equipment GE Oil & Gas GKN Aerospace Chem-tronics Inc GKN Aerospace North America Inc GKN Driveline US GKN Technology Inc GKN Westland Aerospace Inc GM Component Holdings GMC Inc Goodrich Aerostructures GustoMSC Inc Hess Corporation Hitachi America Ltd Hitachi Automotive Products (USA) Inc Hitachi Global Storage Technologies HM Naval Base Hobart Brothers Honda Engineering North America Inc Honda R&D Americas Inc Honeywell Aerospace Honeywell Aerospace Phoenix InterAct InterMoor Inc Kawasaki Robotics (USA) Inc Kiefner & Associates Inc Kobelco Welding of America Inc LDH Group Inc Liquid Air Corp Loomis Engineering Lorelay Marine Contractors SA LPI Inc Luxfer Inc Luxfer USA Ltd Maersk Oil Houston Inc Magnesium Elektron North America Inc Manufacturing Technology Inc McDermott Engineering LLC McDermott International Inc McDermott SA Megastir Technologies Microalloyed Steel Institute LP Microalloying International Inc Miller Electric/Hobart Miller Electric Mfg Co MODEC Group MODEC International LLC

Industrial Member Companies Monterey Pipeline Co Nippon Steel USA Inc North American Technical Center OneSubsea Oremco Inc Parker Hannifin Corporation - Gas Turbine Fuel Systems Phillips Driscopipe Inc Polar Tankers Inc Praxair Metal Fabrications Group ROHR Inc (Goodrich Aerostructures) Rolls-Royce Allison Rolls-Royce Corp Rolls-Royce Energy Systems Inc Rolls-Royce North America Saipem America, Inc SBM Atlantia Sciaky Inc Shaw Pipeline Services a division of Shawcor UK Ltd ShawCor Pipe Protection LLC Shell Deepwater Development Inc Shell Deepwater Development Systems Inc Shell Deer Park Refining Co Shell Development Co Shell Downstream Inc Shell E&P Technology Co Shell Exploration & Production Co Shell Global Solutions (US) Inc Shell International Exploration and Production Inc Shell Offshore Inc Shell Oil Products Co Shell Projects & Technology Shell Services Integration Group Showa Denko KK of America Siemens Energy - Charlotte Sii Megadiamond Socotherm USA SOFEC Inc Solar Turbines Inc Space Exploration Technologies Spirit AeroSystems Inc SSAB Enterprises LLC Subsea7 US Inc Talisman USA Tara Technologies (AST Inc) Tata Aluminum Service Center Inc Team Red Bull Technetics Group Daytona Technip Energy & Chemicals Group Technip North America Technip USA Inc Tenaris Coiled Tubes LLC Tenaris Global Services (USA) Corp Tesla Motors Inc. Texas City Refinery The Boeing Company Thomas Steel Strip Corp TOSOH SMD Inc Total E&P USA Inc Transocean Offshore Deepwater Drilling Inc United Launch Alliance LLC United Technologies Research Centre Vallourec & Mannesmann Tubes Corp Velocys Inc WGIM Houston Williams Companies Inc Williams Corp

Uruguay AGA SA

Venezuela TenarisTavsa

Vietnam BP BP Southeast Asia Ltd Castrol BP Petco Co Ltd Det Norske Veritas Vietnam Shell Gas Vietnam Ltd Shell Vietnam Ltd Talisman Vietnam Ltd

Every effort is made by TWI to publish Member details in their most recent and definitive form. The information is, however, continually changing and being updated but was correct at the time of going to press.

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