The official publication of the Canadian Maine-Anjou Association 5160 Skyline Way NE Calgary, Alberta Canada T2E 6V1 ph: 403.291.7077 • fax: 403.291.0274 email: cmaa@maine-anjou.ca
maine-anjou.ca
Office hours: Tuesday / Wednesday - 7 am to 4 pm Herd Book and Data Services: Ciara Mattheis Maine-Anjou Mail is produced by the Canadian Maine-Anjou Association and published semi-annually in February and September.
Publication design and layout by Twine Design & Graphics, Ardrossan, AB Printed by Capital Colour Press, Edmonton, AB Advertising inquiries? Email mainemailmag@gmail.com or call/text 780-907-7954
Publications Mail Agreement
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
No. 43664517
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COVER
Soaking up winter sun and looking good doing it.
ROCH Jim Beam 6H from Roch Springs Show Cattle, Estevan, Saskatchewan is representative of the percentage Maines heading to work this spring in herds across the country. Breeders are seeking the Maine-influence for the strong finish the breed puts on calves.
Cooper Brokenshire
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CONTENTS President’s Report ........................................4 Herd Book and Data Services Report ........6 CMAA Report................................................8 Junior Report..............................................10 Ontario History ..........................................12 Australian Maine-Anjou Report................16 In the Maine Ring with Gilcroft Farms......18 Rocky Lane Farms ......................................24 Maine Candids ..........................................26
Directors
2020-2021 CMAA Board of
Kody Roddick - Past President Kody Roddick - First Vice President
Manitou’s Coppertop GG2C takes a break from the work at hand.
Myles Hansen - Second Vice President
The Smith Family........................................28
Josie Pashulka - Secretary
The 70s ........................................................32
Jordan Retzlaff - Treasurer Kyle Smith - Director
Douglas Bull Test Report ..........................41
Myles Hansen - Director
Maine Sales ................................................43
Ron Gilbert - Director
Listen In ......................................................44
Patrick Johnson - Director Justin VanDeWoestyne - Director
Advertiser’s Index ......................................50
MAINE MAIL | SPRING 2021
Stu Byman - President
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President’s Report CMAA NEWS
Stu Byman
Maine Enthusiasts, I hope you all are having a great winter, and if you're calving, all the best with that and the weather.
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
Now that 2020 is out of the way, hopefully with COVID19 vaccinations taking place, life will get somewhat back to normal later this year. As most of you know, we had to put off our 50-year celebrations and reschedule for this coming fall at Canadian Western Agribition, in Regina, SK. The World Sale was also put on hold. Borhsons will be out and about selecting sale stock this summer; make sure you contact Rob Voice if you want to partake.
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With the modern Maine-Anjou breed gaining more and more momentum with the commercial cattlemen, now is a great time to get on the ground floor with new breeders. Sales of the top-end Maine stock have been demanding top dollars across North America. We all know how great these Maine bulls cross with the Angus cattle, how they are sought out by the feed yards, and how great that cross makes outstanding mammas. It also has become evident lately how well the Maine-Anjou is crossing Sim-Angus females, and it seems to be driving an immense demand for great Maine bulls. The one thing about the Maine-Anjou breed is they will add length and performance along with feed conversion and profitable cutability. Ranchers know that crossing
these continental cattle with British-based cows is the cheapest, best tool, thus producing �Heterosis.� With feed grain prices at all-time highs, Maines will convert feed into pounds faster and cheaper than most. It is very gratifying to see breeders that have been out of the breed for a while breeding Maines again and breeders from outside the breed stepping into the Maine business as well. I think a lot of this is because the current breeders have worked hard on their purebred genetics and concentrated back to the basics, producing cattle that work in the real world and for the commercial producer, which will feed and grade what the Maine-Anjou breed is known for. Just to let you know, the CMAA is working hard at promoting the Maine-Anjou breed. Keep an eye out for the new promotional video, we are on social media, and this magazine is hitting more and more mailboxes, both Maine breeders and commercial breeders, not only in North America but in other countries as well. We had a lot of feedback from breeders being contacted on breeding stock and semen. Bull shopping season is here, and never a better time than now to get yourself that next new sire or sires to produce your upcoming great progeny. All the best to bull sales and calving!
Herd Book & Data Services Report CMAA NEWS
Ciara Mattheis
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
By now, most of you will be in the midst of calving and/or preparing for early spring sales. On behalf of the Association, we hope this year is one of great success as you calve out your herds and sell your phenomenal seedstock at upcoming sales. Here at the office we are in the full swing of membership renewals and the beginning of working through registrations that have been sent in for those 2021 calves to date.
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the coming months including a new online system that will be actively available to our membership in the very near future. You will have the opportunity with the new system to not only register calves with ease from home but also check your account balances, update account information and reprint past invoices.
We were overwhelmed by the response we had from our membership in regards to early membership renewal and very much look forward to announcing the winners of our draws for both the Annual Membership and Junior Membership sale credit prize when the draws have been made.
As we get further into the spring months, there will be more information released regarding Congress and Agribition this fall. We are hopeful that we will be able to proceed with all the 2020 Congress plans and scheduling this year from Nov 22- 27, 2021. We hope you will be able to join us there for the great event it will be.
There was a large amount of information packed into your membership letters in January and we hope you have had a chance to read it thoroughly as there are many exciting changes and updates happening over
We encourage our members to share with us their sale dates and information as it becomes available this coming year as we plan to help share that information within the industry for our buyers and breeders.
Marilyn Deagle, fondly Remembered Sadly, Marilynn passed away surrounded by the love of her family on January 19, 2021 at the Provost Health Centre at the age of 61 years. Marilynn will be forever loved and missed by her husband, Rick, children; Amy Deagle, RenÊe Deagle Creasy (Clay), Trevor Deagle (Danica) and Pamela Deagle; grandchildren, Aubrey, Cooper, Noelle, Davyn and Quinton as well as numerous family members, relatives and friends. To honour Marilyn’s selfless and giving memory, if you are able, to please donate blood. Any monetary donations can made to the Provost Auxiliary to help provide future families the comfort it provided the Deagles. A Funeral Mass was held on January 26, 2021 in Provost, AB.
CMAA NEWS CONGRESS REPORT
Myles Hansen
We realize things may not work out exactly as we had envisioned pre-COVID19, but we are optimistic we can
As 2020 is in the past and 2021 is upon us we can all
still come together and make this event great. Having
definitely agree that 2020 was a challenging year that
something to look forward to in these times of
resulted in a lot of tough decisions being made. The
uncertainty will hopefully get us all committed to
announcement of Agribition’s cancellation was not an
preparing for Congress with a positive attitude.
easy one to accept but with that we knew that we needed to look ahead to 2021 with a positive outlook.
As we have all come to understand over the past year, things can change quickly for better or worse, so with
As of now, we are eagerly looking forward to Agribition
that in mind we will continue to plan for things to
2021 where we still plan to be hosting the World Maine-
happen as we hope they will but also know that we may
Anjou Congress and celebrating 50 (51) years of the
have to change and adapt as things continue to evolve
CMAA. All events will tentatively continue as previously
as the year goes on. We are very hopeful that we will be
planned including the World Maine-Anjou Sale, National
seeing everyone walking through the barns this fall and
Maine-Anjou Show, and Maine Attraction Heifer Calf
taking part in the Congress events!
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
Jackpot.
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YEARLING AND 2 YEAR OLD BULLS FOR SALE AT FARM
Phone: 306.891.9375 Email: kleinsamantha@hotmail.com
Christopher & Samantha Gaetz Montmartre, Saskatchewan
Junior Report
CMAA NEWS
Josie Pashulka
It’s with great excitement the CMAA Junior Committee looks forward to Junior, Open and Breed Shows opening up in Canada. When we start to hear about shows going ahead we will be starting to tabulate points for the Junior High Point Show Females.
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
We are also anticipating with great excitement the 2021 Canadian Western Agribition and the World Congress as more information becomes available we will be sure to let juniors know all the awesome details. Juniors won’t want to miss being a part of all the Maine
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action at the World Congress which will include Junior High Point Awards, CMAA Scholarship, Junior Fundraising Auction as well as breed show and sale. On another note, we hope junior members renewed their $15 yearly CMAA Junior Membership by January 30, 2021 are they are eligible for a draw for $500 Sale Credit at the World Congress Maine Sale at Agribition in 2021. Give Ciara a call at the CMAA office to verify your junior membership paid up and we look forward to this opportunity to help junior members.
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ONTARIO HISTORY Dave Perry
Maine-Anjou have roamed Ontario pastures for the
above ADG and feed conversion. Don Wiles of Maple
past 50 years.
Hill Farms ran a bull test station and was a Maine-Anjou breeder, his farm manager was Allan Roffey of Renfrew.
Ontario was a driving force in breeding and promoting
Allan and his three brothers each have been long-term
the Maine-Anjou breed from the early years onward.
Maine-Anjou breeders.
Donald Shaver of Newton, Ontario just North of
Mack Warren, east of Belleville, operated a bull test
Kitchener was the first to import (multiple) Maine-Anjou
station. Mark was very impressed with the results of the
to Canada. At one point, the Shaver's probably had
Maine bulls that were mixed in with the other breeds
about 150 fullbloods.
that he was feeding. Mack started to buy Maine bulls to run with his commercial cowherd.
My family started to use Maine-Anjou semen on our purebred herefords and commercial shorthorns in
Maine steers started to dominate steers shows from the
1973. We started showing halfblood Maines at
county level right up to the Toronto Royal.
Kingston and surrounding fairs in 1974 and have been showing ever since. I along with my siblings and kids
In 1982 we held our first Maine-Anjou sale at the
have all had success showing Maine heifers and steers
Toronto Royal Winter Fair. 12 purebred heifer calves
in the 4-H program over the years.
averaged around $2,200. The following year we were
My dad, my brother and I attended out first
supporters were: Gilcroft Farms, Leo and Joan Cassidy,
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
granted our first show in Toronto. Some of the early OMAA Annual Meeting in 1975 in Bowmanville. Some
Dave Perry and Family, Jim Way, Cecil and Sharon Fox,
of those in attendance were: Harold Macklin, Bob
Ian and Velma Smith, Don Wiles, Jim and Sonja
Brander, Jack Lundy, Dr. Jerry Blackburn, Reg Smith,
Whittaker, George and Lorraine MacArthur, Reg Smith,
Keith Gilbert, Don Shaver Jr., possibly Don Wiles, and
Wayne Roddick (Kody's father) along with breeders
others that I don’t recall.
from Manitoba and Western Quebec. Over the next
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Maine bulls started to dominate bull test stations with
few years breeders such as: Dave and Wanda Burnside, By the late 70s Ontario breeders had organized several
Bob and Cheryl Williams, Norma and Murray Preece,
Maine-Anjou shows throughout Eastern Ontario. By
Gord Ray, John and Corey Crawford, the Roffey's, Bob
1980, we started holding purebred Maine-Anjou sales
Grant, Allan Martinell, Kandee Lucas Hagerman, Jerry
at the Ottawa Farm Show in March.
Barber, Jim Whitfield, Archie Stanley, Reg Morton and several others breeders joined in to make a successful show.
Keith, Theo and Ron Gilbert of Gilcroft Farms held
had several small breeders, many have since left the
several production sales both at Picton and Hoards
beef business. We have been fortunate to have had
Station sales barn.
several long-term breeders carry the Maine-Anjou torch and put in thousands of ours and thousands or miles or
Perry Farms held production sales at Tom Harrison
kilometres promoting this great breed.
Auction Centre in NewBurgh, Tom Harrison was a great supporter of our breed.
In recent years we have had a successful provincial show the Lindsay Exhibition.
For about ten years we had a group called the East Central Ontario Breeder’s Club. We held several events
We in Ontario have done our part to keep the flame
such as: field days; judging, clipping and showmanship
burning for 50 years and would like to congratulate
clinics; barbeques, auction sale and displays at plowing
other provinces for doing the same.
matches. Happy 50th Anniversary to the Canadian Maine-Anjou A group of Ontario breeders teamed up and exhibited
Association.
several head of breeding stock at the 157 MA World Congress in Calgary. In the 1990s we had approximately 20 Maine-Anjou shows scattered across the province, in recent years
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
some fairs have grouped together. Over the years we
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This has been written as remembered by Dave Perry.
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MAINE MAIL | SPRING 2021
National Sale set to go online in 2021 Australia has welcomed 2021 as an excellent season with above average rainfall during summer, a stark difference to the horrendous bushfires of the prior year. Kaiaaron Raymond nine months (sold at 3.5 months old), sired by Maine Park Black Moocha, Dam Kaiaaron Lexi. DNA completed, pestivirus negative and Poll tested (HPc-Polled/Scurred). "After interest from three studs I’m glad to say he has been sold to Kagan Park for $6,000. I’m sure the new owners will reap the rewards from this wonderful bull calf," Dallas Attwell, Kaiaaron.
As we enter a new year it provides the opportunity to evaluate, reflect and plan for the future. Maine-Anjou Beef Australia studs across the country continue to focus on their individual breeding programs to breed the best stock possible. Breeders are selecting the best stock to better their herds with a lot of bull sales between studs despite the annual sale being unable to occur due to COVID19. To the left are two examples of the high quality offered at bull sales during the year. Maine-Anjou Beef Australia is currently planning our first online National Sale. The move to the online setting due to COVID19 will provide more opportunities for purchasing at buyer’s convenience –
MAINE MAINE MAIL MAIL || VOL. VOL. 11 11 ISSUE ISSUE 11
from their own home if they choose or even the paddock! Cattle will
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Maine Park Pepe, 16 months old, 674kg grassfed, 36kg birthweight sired by Maine Park Black Moocha, dam Maine Park Francis. DNA completed, pestivirus negative. Sold to Hidden Hill Farm, Strath Creek, with a view to adding black cattle to their herd.
still meet the same entry requirements, including a vet check to ensure the buyer is purchasing a quality animal. Did you know you can purchase Maine-Anjou Beef Australia genetics in Canada? Maine Park Black Moocha is currently available and Maine Park Quin will be available in June 2021. Contact BEEFGEN for more information: info@beefgen.com.au Maine-Anjou Beef Australia wishes all Maine-Anjou breeders the best with 2021 breeding programs.
Maine Park Black Moocha (S) Domestic Pure Four years old 1326kg | B/W 47kg Sire: KFN Beefmaker Express 71T Dam: Wattle Glen Glenda
To learn more, visit our website: maine-anjoubeef.com.au or like us on Facebook
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MAINE MAIL | SPRING 2021
IN THE MAINE RING WITH
The 70s was a decade of taking chances in the beef industry. Like most other breeders, Gilcroft Farms at Demorestville, Ontario started out with a mixed herd of around 100 head of commercial cattle. Calving around 40 cows and feeding their own steers out. Gilcroft Farms used Charolais or Simmental bulls and kept any cow that could raise a decent calf. The opportunity to AI to Maine-Anjou became a game-changer for the farm and it started a lifelong interest in MaineAnjou for the Gilbert family. We caught up with Ron Gilbert, son of Keith
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
and Theo to learn more about their operation.
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Why fullbloods? What draws Gilcroft Farms to raise them? In 1974, we AI bred a few cows to Maine-Anjou. When
that became the base of our fullblood herd. We still
the calves came, they were big, fast-gaining and
have some of those genetics in our herd today. Now,
docile. About four years later we purchased our first
about half our herd is fullblood and the other half is
fullblood Maine-Anjou bulls. At the time we were using
high percentage red and white purebreds. So to
a program called ROP, where we weighed calves at
answer the question in short, we raise fullbloods for
birth, weaning and yearling. The records soon showed
their docility, frame size and easy fleshing ability along
we were getting much better gains at weaning as well
with their confirmation, structure soundness and
as yearlings. In the late 70s we purchased our first fullblood females
longevity. We have had cows in our herd up to 15years old still raising calves.
FEATURE
We based our breeding program on a lot of the traits
keep them in that range. In turn, our calves most years
that drew us to the breed many years ago, docility,
average 110-115 lbs. at birth, heifers are little lighter
frame score, fleshing ability, structural soundness,
and mature cows are heavier. We wean at six to seven
milking ability and longevity.
months and average around 750 lbs. at weaning.
We want cattle that come to see you when you go to
We use a program in Ontario called BIO which provides
the field, easy to work with and never get excited. I
us with data based on birth, weaning and yearling
want to be able to go out and move a cow or bull into a
weights. They also provide data on cows and bulls
different field or into the barn by myself when I need to.
based on this information. We also test bulls every year
We also like that the little kids can go out around them
and look for gains between 4-5 lbs a day.
anytime. We try to raise animals that will go out and perform and Our cows range from 1500-1800 lbs. and we like to
stand out in anyone’s herd under any program.
MAINE MAIL | SPRING 2021
The Gilcroft breeding program is based on what traits?
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One item at calving time you can’t do without? If I have to come up with just one thing, it would have to be good luck. There are many different factors that play into a successful calving season. We calve primarily in January and February so weather definitely can be a big factor. Cows always seem to hold out for that really cold night under a full moon. Luckily, we have a few good calving pens and lots of dry bedding. We watch them closely and make sure there are no complications and that they get dried off quickly. On the really cold days I keep a balaclava on hand to cover up ears to keep them from freezing. I also keep some baler twine on hand, just in case they need a little help. The faster they are born, the less stress on the cow and calf. Most times they are up and ready to nurse in under a half hour. The other two things you need but never want to use is a good calving jack and when things go really wrong, a good vet. There is no money in dead calves. Keith and Theo Gilbert’s great granddaughter, Brooklyn with a Gilcroft Maine-Anjou calf.
Best advice to someone new to the breed?
I guess my advice to someone new in the breed would be to do your research. Talk to other breeders in your area and across the country. There are many different ideas on bulls, calving, breeding and what a person wants to accomplish. Find the type of cattle that work for you and your passion. Everyone will have a different outlook on what works for them.
Gilcroft team at the Lindsay Fair, 2016. Liz Williams ( Keith’s granddaughter ) Ron Gilbert, Sarah Fregeau and Keith Gilbert.
Meg B
Productions sales success and planning - when do you start planning and how do you gather consigners? Our production sales have come a long way. We started
Fast-forward to 2020, probably our best sale to date. We
in the late 1980s at our little sales barn with a couple of
now have an annual sale with having sold cattle in six
consigners selling percentage and purebred cattle to
states and five provinces. Sales take a lot of preparation
local cattleman. We had a sale about every three to four
starting early in the year. We book a date and get it all
years at that time. In around 2008, we moved to the
arranged with the sales barn and online services.
sales barn we still use today. We started to spend more time planning and advertising. In 2012, we added the online feature and
Our consigners have all supported our sale over the years. Therefore, a lot of the cattle in the sale have our
went to a biannual sale. The
genetics in their background. The stipulations for an
online service added a lot
animal to qualify for our sale are they must be good
bigger crowd and we started moving cattle west and to the states.
quality, sound cattle, must be fullblood or purebred and must be red and white - yes we like them all to be the colour of the original Maine-Anjou. Advertising starts around the end of August and in September we start collecting pictures and paperwork to put our catalog
Favourite
Show
on the show circuit and why?
together. We don’t clip or fit any cattle for our sales. We believe in selling them as “they are everyday�. After the catalog is printed then its time to start contacting people and sending out catalogs. We spend countless hours sending emails, texting and making phone calls. The closer to the sale date, the more hours spent. Sale time arrives, we move the cattle to the sales barn the day before and preg check the night before. Sale day starts by penning and getting everything set up for the buyers to view. As the day progresses, we talk to on-site
As a family, we enter about eight fall fairs
buyers, take phone calls and send last minute pictures
throughout Eastern Ontario and Quebec. It is
and videos. When the sale finally starts we actually get a
really hard to pick a favourite because they all
chance to take a break, maybe.
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
have certain things we enjoy. We do two local
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fairs which are more about the 4-H shows. We
Once the sale is over, we organize trucking and get
enter four that are more ag-based fairs and talk
cattle moved. It normally takes a few weeks to get them
to a lot of people about our cattle at these fairs.
headed to where they are going. Any cattle going to the US come home to get vet paperwork done, then
We have Lindsay Exhibition fair which is our
trucking arranged and broker paperwork set up.
Ontario show and our largest show. I guess this would have to be our favourite as we get to see
After the sale, I keep in contact with buyers to see that
other breeders and have a little stiffer
the cattle arrived and settle in okay. Anything bred, I like
competition. We look forward to seeing fellow
to know when they calve and even see pictures of the
breeders and catching up with them. We also
calves. A little follow-up goes a long way to making the
support local youth in the 4-H program by
next sale a success.
taking in youth, supplying them with calves and teaching them about cattle and showing.
Watch for info on our December 4, 2021 Sale.
MEMBER HISTORY Continued from Fall 2020
Rocky Lane Farms Alex Jensen’s interest in the Maine-Anjou breed started
sale was held in 2003 just prior to the BSE crisis, Since
at 15 years old when he and his grandfather, Alexander
then, bulls and heifers have been offered by private
Soop, bought a Charolais cow bred Maine-Anjou at the
treaty.
Stettler Auction Market. After seeing the performance of that calf compared to the others, Chris and Alex start to
Alex served on the Alberta Maine-Anjou Association
artificially inseminate some of Chris’ cowherd to Maine
board and was President of the Canadian Maine-Anjou
bulls. The resulting calves were superior to the other
Association from 1998 to 2000.
A.I. bred calves from other breeds so they stuck with the breed. Some of the early bloodlines used included
Alex and Mary-Ann married in December of 2000 and
Capone, Bysantin, and the first bull purchased was
Mattie was born in December of 2004. The farm has
Poland’s Etula from Larry Poland. After purchasing Mr.
transitioned to a commercial operation with the majority
Invader RS8M out of the Alberta Bull Test Station, the
of cows being high percentage Maine-Anjou. They still
Jensen family started showing cattle, winning Grand
offer commercial bulls and heifers private treaty.
Champion and Premier Breeder awards at Farmfair in the 80s. They ventured around Alberta, to Regina, and
We wish to congratulate the Canadian Maine-Anjou
on to Denver with heifers and bulls with good results
Association on 50 years in North America and
and good times.
acknowledge the people we got to know through the
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
breed, many of whom became life-long friends. It is the
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Rocky Lane Farms held 19 annual bull and female sales
people, past, and present that make this breed great.
starting in 1984 in Camrose, partnering with Roses
Best wishes to our future generation of Maine-Anjou
Maine-Anjou, Shuckburgh Cattle Company, First Edition
enthusiasts.
Cattle Company and other guest consignors. The last
Alex Jensen receiving Booster of the Year award from Jack Lee; the bull sale ring at Camrose and Breeder’s Herd, Farmfair 1983 with offspring of Mr. Invader R58M.
MAINE CANDIDS Earl Rose, Russel Yurkiw, Miles Rose and Larry Yurkiw at a Camrose Bull Sale
Francis Spruyt, Marvin Johnson and Larry Handy
Don Holtholm of DLH Farms with Bruce Knight and Brad Holowath
Les and Don Elliott John Knight, Larry Handy and Julia Knight
Lyle Taylor and Jack Lee from Chico Farm
Neil McLeod and Doug Shuckburgh
ITINERARY
CELEBRATING
12PM – NOV 24 – Maine-Anjou Sale 4PM – NOV 24 – World Congress Show 9AM – NOV 25 – Maine Attraction Heifer Calf Jackpot Show 7PM – NOV 25 – Cocktails 7:30PM – Banquet – Tickets $65
50
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2021
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
YEARS
of MAINE-ANJOU
NOV 22-27
WORLD MAINE-ANJOU CONGRESS CANADA Maine Anjou Headquarters
COMFORT SUITES 4300 Diefenbaker Drive, Regina, SK 1.306.949.4000 Toll Free 1.844.440.4556 Group ‘Canadian Maine-Anjou 2020’
Blocks of rooms have been secured for 2021, up until November 2nd. Please book well in advance as 2021 is also Agribition’s 50th Anniversary.
The Canadian Maine-Anjou Association is proud to honor the 50th Anniversary Celebrations at the 2021 Canadian Western Agribition in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.
International guests, please contact the Canadian Maine-Anjou Association office about inbound international travel incentives.
Wednesday
NOVEMBER 24, 2021
at 12 PM
Contact TO CONSIGN TO THIS HISTORIC EVENT
The Smith Family Poplar Haven Farms was formed by J.O. and Rebecca
spouses Ruthie, Kristine and Annette added to the
Smith of Wimborne, Alberta in the 1940s. They both
farm with six children. The families enjoyed and were
grew up near Wimborne. J.O. was a grain buyer in
proud to raise and promote Maine-Anjou. They
Wimborne, he and Rebecca built the main house of
attended many cattle shows displaying their cattle and
Poplar Haven and moved their family of five children
were involved in the association at all levels. Annual
in at the end of the decade. There they built a feedlot,
bull and female sales held at the farm in the indoor
grain farm and cow calf operation.
roping arena were always well attended. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s Poplar Haven raised and
In the 1960s as the European breeds were being
promoted some of the breed-leading sires including
imported and gaining traction in Canada, J.O.
Red Alert, LW Challenger and Polled Pursuit. The
experimented with a few of the new genetics that
cattle at Poplar Haven were sought after but it was the
were popular at the time. He and Rebecca travelled to
relationships that the Smith brothers developed that
France in the late 1960s to investigate the Maine-
were the true value of Poplar Haven. They were known
Anjou breed. They liked the docility, the milking
to be honest, hard working and became lifelong
capabilities and felt they had found the breed they
friends to many of their customers.
could utilize. J.O. imported semen of Bysantin and began using it on their commercial beef herd. When
In the late 1990s the brothers decided to divide the
the Canadian Maine-Anjou association was formed,
Poplar Haven Farms holdings and create their own
the herd letters were appointed as AA, AB, AC, and so
entities. Ron, Ruthie, Cara and Garnet and Garnet’s
on in order of membership applications. Poplar Haven
family remained on the Poplar Haven site and
received AD. The AD prefix became world-renowned
expanded into grain farming, maintaining a herd of
very quickly. Unfortunately J.O. would pass in 1976
commercial cows. Ron passed away in 2018, but
before the Poplar Haven Farms Maine-Anjou herd
Garnet’s family continues the farming operation at
received much of its notoriety.
Poplar Haven. Cara recently retired from teaching and
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
lives near the farm. Gary, Kristine, Guy and Kelly
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With sons Ron, Gary and Robert at home working on
moved to a new location near Pine Lake and have
the farm, the herd and the farm grew. They and their
continued raising Maine’s and Maine-Tainer’s as
The Smith Family, of Poplar Haven Farms. L to r: Robert, Annette, Dusty, Rees, Kristine, Guy, Kelly, Gary, Ruthie and Ron Smith.
Kelly Smith Fraser and daughter, Aubrey survey the hillside herd at NuHaven.
NuHaven Cattle Co. Gary unfortunately passed away in
site. They continued raising Maine’s until after Robert’s
2015. Guy and his family have called Oklahoma home for
passing in 2006. Annette and Rees now grain farm and
12 years but he remains involved in the genetic selection
are in real estate development, Dusty has a successful
for NuHaven and works in the banking industry. Kelly
real estate business based in Red Deer.
and her family manage NuHaven with Kristine. Kelly is While some of the family has moved on from the
as the Chairperson of Alberta Beef Producers. Gary and
purebred industry, the roots of Poplar Haven have
Kelly, to date are the only father/daughter combination
remained strong. “We are a proud family of where the
to have served the Canadian Maine-Anjou Association as
previous generations have brought us and eagerly look
President. Robert, Annette, Rees and Dusty formed
forward to the directions that the fifth generation of
Maine Haven Ranches just north of the Poplar Haven
Smiths will take the family.”
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
active with beef industry organizations, currently serving
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Kelly and Gary with herdsire, Man Power in Denver, CO. Gary Smith judged Maine-Anjou at Sydney Royal Easter Fair, 1986
In the late 1960s, the world of Canadian agriculture, particularity beef production was expanding rapidly. Many ranchers were experimenting with new breeds, more sophisticated recording systems for pedigrees, and scientific advantages. It was into this eager, experimental climate that the Maine-Anjou breed was introduced to Canada in 1969. The first animals were the typically French, fullblood animals and were introduced through quarantine stations. The first Maine-Anjou animal imported to Canada was a fullblood heifer bought in April 1969 by Donald McQ. Shaver of Galt, Ontario. The three Shaver bulls, Buret, Berlin, and Bysantin were the first bulls imported into North America. The original group of ‘Maine Men’ in Canada is widely regarded as Donald Shaver, Stan Spicer of Sundre, Alberta, and Harold Biensch of Neilburg, Saskatchewan. The Canadian Maine-Anjou Association was formed and incorporated in 1970 under the authority of the Livestock Pedigree Act and the Canadian National Livestock Records. The original office was located in Edmonton, Alberta. The same year, the International Maine-Anjou Association was
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
organized in the United States.
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Smith Maine-Anjou bull, LW Challenger, Robert Smith at the halter, R.B. Wise, (centre) judged the class.
The first animal registered in the Canadian Maine-Anjou
In 1973, a Maine sired steer was declared Reserve Grand
Association herdbook was Cygne, and the first
Champion at the International Livestock Show in
registration certificate was issued on December 21,
Chicago. A Maine was the top gaining bull at the Iowa
1970.
Beef Improvement Association Sioux City Test Station and the Performance Registry International certified the
The association had its first general meeting at the
bull Caqui (Prince Maine) as a golden certified meat sire.
Corona Hotel, Edmonton, Alberta on April 12, 1971.
Several other bulls have since been similarly honoured.
There were over 50 persons in attendance. The first
At the Calgary Sale that year, Bysantin, the first Maine-
officers of the association were: Dr. Frederick George
Anjou herd sire with the most progeny of any
Day, President, Graham Ward Jones, Harold Biensch, Dr.
Maine-Anjou bull in North America, sold for $100,000,
John Louis Gulley, Frank Jacobs, and Douglas G. Blair.
and Maine-Event, a junior herd sire, sold for $53,000.
Another first was the Canadian Maine-Anjou Association
This sale was also the first North American offering of
Sale, also held in Edmonton on October 20, 1971.
purebred Maine-Anjou cattle. By the end of 1973, the association had recorded its 500th member in Mel Wolfe
The animals themselves excelled quickly in North
of Douglas, Manitoba. In just one more year it would
America, with Maine-Anjou cross steers earning the
exceed 1000 members.
highest profits of all breed crosses at the 1971 Exotic Beef Cross Test, at the University of California.
Notable events in 1974 included the birth of the first
Things developed very quickly for the association and
on April 13. The inaugural Eastern Canadian Maine-
the breed in these early days in North America. The
Anjou Sale was held in Guelph, Ontario on August 26.
‘exotic breeds’ were very popular, and Maine-Anjou’s
Show results were no less spectacular, with Maines
were no exception, virtually exploding onto the scene in
winning Grand Champion and Reserve Champion in the
the first years after their arrival. In January 1972 the
commercial steer and carcass class at the Pacific National
Canadian Maine-Anjou Association office was moved to
Exhibition, Vancouver, British Columbia, Reserve Grand
downtown Calgary.
Champion at the National Western Stock Show, Denver,
1. MAINTENANCE of pedigree records and issuance of papers on all purebred and upgraded Maine-Anjou cattle. 2. PROMOTION of importation, breeding, and raising of purebred and upgraded Maine-Anjou cattle throughout Canada. 3. TO ASSIST farmers, ranchers, and cattle breeders in importing, exporting, breeding, raising, and selling purebred and percentage Maine-Anjou cattle.
MAINE MAIL | SPRING 2021
purebred (7/8) Maine heifer calf born in North American
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Colorado, and Grand Champion at the Houston Stock
Carcass division at Canadian Western Agribition, Regina,
Show in Texas. While in Houston, PTR Epic 83E (also
Saskatchewan, Reserve Grand Champion, Farmair,
known as PTR Epinal 83E), bred by Harold Biensch of
Edmonton, Alberta, Reserve Grand Champion Carcass at
Neilburg, SK set a world record price of $102,000. This
the Houston Livestock Show, Texas, Grand Champion
animal was the product of the first successful embryo
Carcass at the New Mexico State Fair, Grand and Reserve
transplant in Canada, off the great cow Cette-la. The
Grand Champion Carcass at the Pacific National
renowned bull PTR Epinal 81E was also a product of the
Exhibition in Vancouver, British Columbia, the Grand
transplant. Later that year at the World Sale at Calgary, a
Champion over 500 entries at the El Paso Stock Show,
fullblood heifer tied that price.
Texas, and the Queen’s Guineas at the Royal Winter Fair, Toronto, Ontario. Maines also topped the feedlot and
In June, Canadian delegates joined those from England,
economic tests in the 1975 Montana State Steer Futurity,
France, New Zealand, Scotland, and the US in Kansas
as they had in previous years.
City, Missouri, for the first World Maine-Anjou Conference and formed the World Maine-Anjou Council.
In 1976, the profile of Maines continued to increase both
Elected to the Board of Governors of the council were:
in and out of the show ring. First, a set of triplets (all bull
Arthur Greenhalgh, Dick Sneddon, E. Label, Louis
calves) was born on the ranch of Bruce and Lois Barkley
Fourmond, George Linder (can’t make this out), Douglas
at Cochrane, Alberta on March 30. they were sired by
and Phil Graham, Cy Hayes, Capt. Gideon Rutherford
Caqui and out of a commercial black baldy cow. Then,
and Calvin Fryar.
the first purebred domestic bull calf was born at Triple V Farms at Crossfield, Alberta. The calf, weighing 85 lbs.,
The Canadian Maine-Anjou Convention in November
was sired by Shaver Grenedier and out of the first
also saw the birth of the ladies Maine-Anjou organization,
domestic purebred Maine cow in North America. In the
Maine-Anjouettes, a women’s organization designed to
show ring, Maines winning ways continued with Grand
promote the breed, sell promotional material throughout
and Reserve Championship titles at the Atlantic Winter
Canada at the two National sales and the provincial
Fair, high-seller at Farmfair, and Grand Champion Steer
sales, and to give the ladies an opportunity for
at the Houston Livestock Show, beating 1,149 other
involvement, with 48 members.
entries. Maines also stood out in scientific studies, ranking highest in every aspect except calving ease in the
Further expansion of Maines across Canada continued
Nebraska Germ Plasma Evaluation in the US.
Torio of British Columbia. The visit served as a
1977 was another banner year, with Maines winning
springboard for Maine’s introduction into the Peace
Grand and Reserve Grand Champion Steer at both The
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
with a trip to Western Feedlots in 1974 by Carl and Joyce
Country. Upon seeing a pen of Bruce Barkley’s crossbred
National Livestock Show in Denver and the San Antonio
Maine steers on feed, Carl was sold on the breed. The
Stock Show. They also took home both Grand and
Torio’s began buying Maines for the breeding programs
Reserve Champion titles in the Junior Futurity Class
immediately, and in 1977 began feeding crossbred
(comprised of Simmental, Sales, and Maine-Anjou heifer
Maine steers at the Peace River Cattle Company, selling
calves) at Farmfair. Perhaps most exciting in the show
the finished cattle to the Dawson Creek package plant.
ring was the presentation made to Vern Croy of
The Torio’s further pushed Maines by leasing bulls to
Stonewall, Manitoba, for his win in the Grand Champion
their neighbours with a purchase option on the calves at
Market Steer at Canadian Western Agribition by His
weaning of a one-cent premium over the Dawson Creek
Royal Highness Prince Phillip.
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1975 saw the breed awarded Grand Champion in the
Market, resulting in leasers (and some eventual buyers) that were very happy with their Maine cross calves.
The 2nd World Maine-Anjou Show, held at the Calgary Stampede, comprised over 100 entries and was the second-largest breed show at the Stampede. The 5th
Annual World Maine-Anjou Sale, held in conjunction with
As of January 1, 1978, the registry was transferred from
the show, drew over 60 lots and was described as the
the CNLSR in Ottawa to the CMAA headquarters in
most highly selected, quality offering of fullblood,
Calgary and was computerized.
purebred, and percentage Maine-Anjou breeding stock available anywhere to date. Maine-Anjou breeders also
The breed continued its success in the show ring in 1978,
made their mark on the Stampede Parade, as the float of
winning six Grand and Reserve Grand Championships
the Foothills Maine-Anjou Association was named the
Market Steers at Canadian Western Agribition, Grand
winner in the Amateur Float Contest with their colourful,
Champion Jackpot Steer at the Saskatoon Fall Fair &
mobile, Maine cow and calf exhibit. A notable
Mexabition, Grand Champion Steer at the Royal
appearance at the World show was by Senator Harry
Agricultural Winter Fair, Reserve Champion in the Carcass
Hayes of Calgary, Alberta, as the judge.
class at Agribition, and Reserve Grand Champion Market Steer at Farmfair.
Also in 1977, the Canadian Maine-Anjou Association Sire In 1979 the first National Maine-Anjou Bull Test was
downtown Calgary to the Transcon building on April 1.
completed at Rocky Mountain House, Alberta on April 12.
The first 15/16 polled Maine born in Canada was a 105 lb.
65 bulls finished the test with an ADG of 3.385 lbs. per
heifer calf as a resulting from a single egg transplant from
day. On the 28th, the top 45 bulls were sold in Red Deer,
a 7/8 Cunia daughter to a Holstein replacement cow
Alberta, averaging $1763. The program was such a
born at Emmore Farms of Elm Creek, Manitoba on June
success that it became an annual event. At the 5th annual
17. Cornerstone, the first 15/16 Maine bull was also born
performance tested bull sale in Tipton, Indiana, organized
on August 27.
by the Indiana Beef Evaluation Program (IBEP), the
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
Progeny Test was initiated. The office moved from
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highest indexing and top gaining bull was a 3/4 Maine-
illustrious political career that was still continuing during
Anjou which had gained 3.75 lbs./ day, weighed 1,521
the publication of this history book in 2005, including re-
lbs. off test, and had an IBEP spring test rating of 121.2,
elections to the House in 1980, 1984, 1988, and
the highest of 111 bulls tested.
appointment as Secretary to the Prime Minister from 1984 to 1991 and an appointment to the Senate in 1993.
It was also the year of the inaugural National Pasture Showcase Heifer Program. This was a promotion,
Also in summer 1979, four Maine-Anjou bulls arrived at
sponsored by the Foothills Breeds Club, that grazed a
Canada’s largest Hereford ranch, Douglas Lake Cattle
group of Maine-Anjou females in a highly visible area
Company. Results were described as excellent and the
alongside a main highway. Also in Alberta, the Hi-
opportunity this provided to expand into British
Neighbour Steer Project placed almost 50 Maine-cross
Columbia was tremendous.
steers, purchased at fall feed sales by the Alberta Association, with Maine breeders. The breeders finished
By the close of the decade, the association had
the steers for free and turned the proceeds over to the
expanded to include 1,500 members and 40,255
association at sale time. The funds raised were for the
recorded, and 3,374 registered animals.
hire of an Alberta Fieldman. Maine Man Leonard Gustafson of Macon, SK was elected to the House of Commons in 1979 as a member of the
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
Progressive Conservative Party. He went on to have an
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MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
Douglas Bull Test Report
Doug Kerr
The Douglas Bull Test started the 2020/2021 season
The end of test weights will be taken on February 27th
with deliveries the week of October 10-15. This year,
and 28th, 2021. Ultrasounds will be happening the
there are 107 bulls and 33 heifers on test representing
week of February 27, 2021. Semen testing will be the
eight breeds.
week of March 18th, 2021. Sale day is March 27, 2021.
There are nine Maine-Anjou bulls on test. Four bulls
There is a new manager at Douglas, his name is Cody
consigned by Keith and Ron Gilbert of Demorestville,
Nolan and his contact numbers are: Cell 204-573-4006,
Ontario and five bulls consigned by Badger Hill Maine-
Test Station 204-763-4696.
Anjou of Ninette, Manitoba. All nine bulls are fullbloods, five of which are polled.
This year’s sale will be broadcast again with DLMS. The sale catalog and video links should be available around
The start of the test began on November 7, 2020. By
March 10th. Visit www.dlms.com and
the 56 day report, all bulls on test had an average daily
www.manitobabulltest.com for more information as it
gain of 4.11 lbs. and weight per day of average 3.40 lbs.
becomes available.
business card directory We provide owners use semen collection at our facility and we can produce domestic and export qualified semen in our new industry leading centre. Bow Valley Genetics offers complete embryo collection and transfer services on farm or at our donor centre. Bow Valley Genetics www.bowvalleygenetics.com p 1.587.887.1934 | f 1.587.317.7392 box 1239, brooks, ab, t1r 1c1
MAINE MAIL | SPRING 2021
Advancing Reproductive Solutions
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MAINE SALES RUSYLVIA CATTLE CO. Bull Sale March 3 2021 ~ 1:00 pm
at the farm near Derwent, AB Sale is also online with DLMS.CA
O’HARA LAND AND CATTLE Heterosis on the Hi-Line Bull Sale March 9 2021 Fort Benton, MT Online with SC Online Sales
WILSON MAINE BULL SALE March 24 2021 Visit swcattle.com for details
DEAGLE CATTLE CO. LTD Maine Difference Bull and Open Heifer Sale March 27 2021 ~ 1:00 pm Dryland Cattle Trading Corp. Veteran, AB
GENETIC DISTINCTION BULL SALE April 8 2021 ~ 1:00 pm Online only with DVAUCTION.COM
FALL SALES
RUSYLVIA CATTLE CO. Round 7 Online Heifer Sale October 17 2021~ 7:00 pm MAINE MAIL | SPRING 2021
Sale online with DLMS.CA
WORLD MAINE SALE Canadian Western Agribition, Regina SK November 24 2021~ 12:00 pm GILCROFT FARMS FALL SALE Hoard’s Station Sales Barn, Campbellford, ON December 4 2021 ONTARIO MAINE EVENT SALE Hoard’s Station Sales Barn, Campbellford, ON December 4 2021
Twine Design & Graphics
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Coffee shop talk. Ever overheard a conversation so entertaining you wished there was more? Instead, the group break for the day along with that conversation you were part of - but weren’t. The banter and topics were both intriguing and entertaining. Where else could that friendly insight be found? Podcasts. Podcasts have found their way into the daily lives of those with an interest in listening to a preferred topic. Instead of 'tomcat entertainment hour' while that show heifer takes her time calving, tune in to a podcast. Tired of listening for the 12 to 15 strokes on the square baler and just about being lulled to sleep? Wake-up and listen to a podcast. Everyone has their favourites and this is a collection of ag industry hosts of varied ages and backgrounds.
CatTle Pros Podcast with Jake ScotT Insight into the inner workings of the industry. The guests are on point. In particular, a podcast on the cancellation of the 2021 Nebraska Cattle Show parallels the 2020 cancellation of cattle shows across our nation as well. They note the challenges
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
with pursuing sponsorship and having to pull the plug on the show. Tune in via
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Apple Podcasts or Spotify. It’s worth a listen. Also on Facebook and Instagram.
The Ranching BrunetTe with Loagan Robinson Geared to young farmers from a Montana-raised rancher perspective. She is working to get the continent ranching again. The trials and tribulations of youth in the cattle industry who are working towards offering the consumer the end product. She asks every guest “What is your best piece of advice to someone wanting to be a part of ag in today’s industry?” Answers range from learning from older generations to pursuing new ag ventures. Several topics are explored from a youthful standpoint. This podcast is on Apple Podcasts and Spotify. The Ranching Brunette is also on Instagram.
Chute Side with Faris Simon A close look at the finer points of raising show cattle. Simon checks in with producers who showcase the ideal cows who produce the ultimate offspring. Those interviewed, let the listener know what it takes to raise a great calf that isn’t too “squishy footed.” The lingo is different but interesting just the same. Maines are mentioned here and there, and it is great to hear someone else also appreciates that ten-year old cow and hates to get rid of her. Best line: “I love a hairy, fat steer! But don’t sort on hair quality.” Find Chute Side on Instagram and Facebook. The podcast can be found on Apple Podcasts.
What the Farm Podcast with Rob Sharkey and Lesley KelLy This duo represents both sides of the border. Rob Sharkey is a farmer from Illinois and hosts Shark Farmer TV. Lesley Kelly farms in Saskatchewan and looks after social media accounts under the name of High Heels and Canola Fields. The banter between the two is a great representation of a coffee shop visit any of us would have with an ag industry equal. Joking around one minute and tackling tough topics the next. They host guests from across North America. They visit with Quick Dick McDick, the hot ticket humourous farmer from small-town Saskatchewan to Lia Biondo who discusses the topic of fake meat from the US livestock industry standpoint. This podcast can be found wherever you listen to podcasts (Spotify, Apple Podcast). Find them on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.
Cowgirl Problems with Courtenay DeHofF MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
Raised on a cattle ranch but living in the big city, podcast host DeHoff is also a
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television host and social media frontrunner. She showcases a number of entrepreneurs from various walks of life with an agricultural undertone. Promoting agriculture to a broader audience is key to this podcast. Courtenay can be found on Apple Podcasts, Breaker, Spotify, Google Podcasts, Overcast, Pocket Casts, and Radio Public. She is also on Facebook and Instagram. There are numerous podcasts to be discovered and even more to be yet created. Subscribing to a podcast is much like subscribing to a magazine to get the latest version. Streaming a podcast requires a continuous internet connection. The other option is to download the podcast that can be played without an internet connection. Podcasts are easy to find, hop on the web and enjoy online versions of the local coffee shop.
MAINE MAIL | VOL. 11 ISSUE 1
ADVERTISERS
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American Maine-Anjou Assn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Johnson Cattle and Grain Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
ABC Cattle Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Maine Park Maines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Bluesky Maines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Manitou Maine-Anjou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IFC
Bohrson Marketing Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Martinell’s Fullbloods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Booker Farms Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Morham Maines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Bow Valley Genetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
NuHaven Cattle Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
Byman Cattle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Perry Maine-Anjou Farms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Calberta Farms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Pick Six Cattle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
CMAA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Ranchland Veterinary Services . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Deagle Cattle Co. Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .OBC
Rapid Creek Ranch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Dobson Farms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IBC
Roch Springs Show Cattle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Donaro Farms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Rocky Lane Farms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
EDJE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Rusylvia Cattle Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Gaetz Maines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Stenberg’s Maine-Anjou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Genetic Distinction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Tru-Ray Maines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Gilcroft Farms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Vandy Cattle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Hansen Livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Wilkinridge Stock Farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
JayR Maines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Wise Maine-Anjou Ranch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
