"Kurier UEK" nr 1 (83), zima 2020

Page 1

CZASOPISMO UNIWERSYTETU EKONOMICZNEGO W KRAKOWIE

ISSN 1689-7757 Nr 1 (83) zima 2019-2020

LAT

szczęśliwego nowego roku!


;XQ[ \ZMฤฌKQ 6ฤ RZR 5HNWRUD URF]QLFD DNFML 6RQGHUDNWLRQ .UDNDX &R NUDM WR RE\F]DM 3URI GU KDE 7DGHXV] 6LNRUD +RQRURZ\P 3URIHVRUHP 83 Z /XEOLQLH

3 6 10

6HQLRU]\ QD Z\Nฤ DGDFK

-XELOHXV]RZD LQDXJXUDFMD 87: 8(. 3URIHVRU /XGZLN 0D\UH ']LรทNXMรท &L ']LDGNX .RQIHUHQMD 7%3 )LQDQFLDO 5HSUHVVLRQ DQG *URZWK 2SHQ (\HV (FRQRP\ 6XPPLW 7('[5DNRZLFND 3Rล HJQDQLH QDMOHSV]\FK DEVROZHQWร Z :)L3 .LHUXQHN *UX]MD 6]NRฤ D 'RNWRUVND 8(. =DU]รฃG]DQLH 3XEOLF]QH *RVSRGDUND ZRGQD Z NRQWHNฤณFLH UR]ZRMX DOWHUQDW\ZQ\FK ล Uร GHฤ HQHUJLL 7$7523$. 0DJLD Mรท]\ND 2JQLZD 3DPLรทFL (.2120(' :\Nฤ DGDรฅ QRZRF]HฤณQLH t WR ]QDF]\ MDN" =DU]รฃG]DQLH UHVWUXNWXU\]DFMรฃ 9,, /HWQLH ,JU]\VND ] 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL HG\FMD $NDGHPLL 7DOHQWร Z 6WXGHQFL XF]HVWQLNDPL V]NROHQLD ] 53$ LQ &RQWUROOLQJ 3ROVND t VWUHID Z]URVWX &R +5 PD ZVSร OQHJR ] PDUNHWLQJLHP

16 18 20 22 25 26 28 30 32 36 38 50 53 55 56 57

)ODVK

58

3URMHNW ,QNXEDWRU ,QQRZDF\MQRฤณFL

60

*ฤ XVL Z ฤณZLHFLH DNDGHPLFNLP ,, NUDMRZD .RQIHUHQFMD 2UJDQL]DFML 6WXGHQWร Z ] 1LHSHฤ QRVSUDZQRฤณFLรฃ 7DUJL 3UDF\ 8(. 0%$ '\SORPD $ZDUGLQJ &HUHPRQ\ 3R]\W\ZQD UHNRPHQGDFMD $NUHG\WDFML (3$6 ,, Z\MD]GRZD VHVMD QDXNRZD GRNWRUDQWร Z 8(. 8F]HOQLDQ\ &Kร U 'RPLQDQWD

62 66 68 70 72 73

= PLฤ RฤณFL GR ZLHORMรท]\F]QRฤณFL 'ODF]HJR ZDUWR XF]\รฅ VLรท VSU]HGDล \" OHFLH .Rฤ D 1DXNRZHJR $QDOL]\ 'DQ\FK

75 76

3URI GU KDE -HU]\ $OWNRUQ

3URI 8(. GU KDE 0LFKDฤ 0DMRU

78 79


;bIVW_VQ 8Iġ[\_W +ba\MTVQKa ¶3]ZQMZI =-3ª b ZILWĬKQĊ WLLIRMUa _ 8Iġ[\_I ZĔKM R]ĵ _aLIVQM VI[bMOW S_IZ\ITVQSI BVIRLbQMKQM _ VQU 8Iġ[\_W QVNWZUIKRM VI \MUI\ VIR_IĵVQMR[baKP _aLIZbMġ RISQM UQIða UQMR[KM _ U]ZIKP =-3 _ W[\I\VQKP UQM[QĊKIKP WXQ[ W[QĊOVQĔČ VI[baKP XZIKW_VQS{_ Q [\]LMV\{_ I \ISĵM _QMTM QV\MZM[]RĊKaKP IZ\aS]ð{_ ? \aU _aRĊ\SW_aU KbI[QM XZW[bĔ Z{_VQMĵ XZbaRĊČ VIR[MZLMKbVQMR[bM ĵaKbMVQI VW_WZWKbVM 6QMKP ZWS WJ \]RM _ TQKbVM []SKM[a § bIZ{_VW _ ĵaKQ] W[WJQ[\aU RIS Q bI_WLW_aU WZIb JĔLbQM KbI[MU [XMðVQIVQI UIZbMġ ZMITQbIKRQ IUJQ\VaKP XTIV{_ Q XW[\IVW_QMġ ;bKbĔĬTQ_MOW 6W_MOW :WS] SURI 8(. GU KDE LQő $1'5=(- &+2&+°Ğ 5HNWRU 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH

$GUHV UHGDNFML

5HGDNWRU QDF]HOQ\ 3DZHğ .R]DNLHZLF]

8QLZHUV\WHW (NRQRPLF]Q\ Z .UDNRZLH

5HGDNFMD 2OJD %RMDUVND

L ]PLDQ UHGDNF\MQ\FK QDGV\ğDQ\FK DUW\NXğÐZ

XO 5DNRZLFND

6NğDG L ğDPDQLH 3DZHğ :ÐMFLN

RUD] ]PLDQ\ LFK W\WXğÐZ

.UDNÐZ

=GM÷FLD MHijOL QLH SRGSLVDQR LQDF]HM 3LRWU 0DOHF

EXG\QHN e.VL÷őÐZNDr SRN .

:\GDZFD 8QLZHUV\WHW (NRQRPLF]Q\ Z .UDNRZLH

WHO

'UXN =DNğDG 3ROLJUDILF]Q\ 8(.

H PDLO JD]HWD#XHN NUDNRZ SO

1DNğDG HJ]HPSODU]\

5HGDNFMD ]DVWU]HJD VRELH SUDZR GR VNUDFDQLD

ISSN 1689-7757

3


80 rocznica akcji ;WVLMZIS\QWV 3ZISI] OLVWRSDGD URNX GRV]ฤ R GR SRGVWรทSQHJR DUHV]WRZDQLD L Z\ZLH]LHQLD GR RER]X NRQFHQWUDF\MQHJR SRQDG OXG]L QDXNL

ยง Oรฐ{_VQM XZWNM[WZ{_ =VQ_MZ[a\M\] 2IOQMTTWฤก[SQMOW TMKb _ฤฌZ{L VQKP bVITMฤ TQ [Qฤ \ISฤตM XZbML[\I_QKQMTM {_KbM[VMR )SILMUQQ 0IVLTW_MR _ 3ZISW_QM : W\P URNX REFKRG]LOLฤณP\ MXล URF]QLFรท W]Z DNFML 6RQGHUDNWLRQ .UDNDX

P

RGF]DV WUDG\F\MQHJR $SHOX 3ROHJฤ \FK NWร U\ RGE\ฤ VLรท Z SRฤ XGQLH QD Sร ฤ SLรทWU]H KROX %XG\QNX *ฤ ร ZQHJR SU]\ WDEOLF\ XSDPLรทWQLDMรฃFHM RILDU\ DNFML -HJR 0DJQLILFHQFMD 3URI 8(. GU KDE LQล $QGU]HM &KRFKร ฤ t 5HNWRU 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH WDN Pร ZLฤ Z VZRLP SU]HPร ZLHQLX $UHV]WRZDQL SRGF]DV DNFML 6RQGHUDNWLRQ .UDNDX ZLรท]LHQL WRUWXURZDQL ]DELMDQL RUD] SU]HฤณODGRZDQL SRGF]DV ZRMQ\ L Z WUXGQ\FK ODWDFK SRZRMHQQ\FK SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH SROVNLFK HOLW LQWHOHNWXDOQ\FK ZFLรฃล ล \Mรฃ Z VZRLFK G]LHฤ DFK D SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP Z QDV]HM SDPLรทFL 3DPLรทรฅ DUHV]WRZDQ\FK XF]F]RQR NUร WNรฃ PRGOLWZรฃ L PLQXWรฃ FLV]\ 1DVWรทSQLH GHOHJDFMH Zฤ DG] XF]HOQL :RMVND 3ROVNLHJR SUDFRZQLNร Z VWXGHQWร Z ]ZLรฃ]Nร Z ]DZRGRZ\FK HPHU\Wร Z RUD] NRPEDWDQWร Z ]ฤ Rล \ฤ \ SU]HG WDEOLFรฃ SDPLรฃWNRZรฃ NZLDW\ L ZLรฃ]DQNL

4

-DN FR URNX Z SODQDFK $NDGHPLFNLHJR 'QLD 3DPLรทFL E\ฤ R WHล RGZLHG]HQLH JUREร Z ]PDUฤ \FK SUDFRZQLNร Z XF]HOQL QD &PHQWDU]DFK 5DNRZLFNLP WU]\ GHOHJDFMH SRG SU]HZRGQLFWZHP 5HNWRUD 8(. t 3URI 8(. GUD KDE LQล $QGU]HMD &KRFKร ฤ D .DQFOHU]D t $QGU]HMD &KHFKHOVNLHJR L .ZHVWRUD t -ร ]HID $QGU]HMD /DVNRZVNLHJR L 6DOZDWRUVNLP GHOHJDFMD SRG SU]HZRGQLFWZHP 3URUHNWRUD GV 1DXNL t 3URI GUD KDE $OHNVHJR 3RF]WRZVNLHJR : Jฤ ร ZQ\FK REFKRGDFK Z &ROOHJLXP 1RYXP XF]HVWQLF]\ฤ 3URUHNWRU GV 3URMHNWร Z L :VSร ฤ SUDF\ t 3URI GU KDE .U]\V]WRI 6XUร ZND ]Dฤณ Z NRV]DUDFK %DWDOLRQX 3RZLHWU]QRGHVDQWRZHJR LP JHQ EU\J 0DULDQD =GU]Dฤ NL E\ฤ 3Hฤ QRPRFQLN 5HNWRUD GV 2UJDQL]DFML L 5R]ZRMX t 3URI GU KDE -DQXV] &]HNDM : REFKRG\ XURF]\VWRฤณFL XSDPLรทWQLDMรฃF\FK 6RQGHUDNWLRQ .UDNDX OLF]QLH Zฤ รฃF]\OL VLรท Uร ZQLHล QDVL VWXGHQFL


5

wspomnienie


Co kraj to obyczaj VQMSQMLa JIZLbW LbQ_Va WJaKbIRยก 1LHVWHW\ ล \FLH MHVW ]E\W NUร WNLH DE\ VWXGLRZDรฅ QD ZV]\VWNLFK NLHUXQNDFK SR]ZDODMรฃF\FK SR]QDรฅ NXOWXURZH L UHOLJLMQH DVSHNW\ ล \FLD F]ฤ RZLHND 1D V]F]รทฤณFLH SRGUร ล XMรฃF PRล QD ]GRE\ZDรฅ ZLHG]รท R Uร ล Q\FK NXOWXUDFK QDRF]QLH NRQIURQWRZDรฅ VLรท ] QLHNLHG\ EDUG]R RVREOLZ\PL t ] QDV]HJR HXURSHMVNLHJR SXQWX ZLG]HQLD t REU]รทGDPL L RE\F]DMDPL ? \aU \MSฤฌKQM WLVQW[ฤ [Qฤ LW XZIS\aS I]\WKP\WV{_ b *WTQ_QQ Q 5ILIOI[SIZ] 8QMZ_[bI b VQKP \W PWรฐL [SรฐILIVa 3DFKDPDPLH LZ]OI bIฤฌ \W )DPDGLKDQD ? SWV\MSฤฌKQM TWSITVaKP _QMZbMฤก XZba_WรฐIU bILbQ_QIRฤ Ka

[aVSZM\abU ZMTQOQRVa

6 DGD 6Nฤ DGDQLH QLH KR KRฤ GX KRฤ GX X 3DFKDP 3DFKDP 3D KDPDPL DPLH DPL H

6


W

ฤณUร G $MPDUร Z L .HF]XD OXGร Z ]DPLHV]NXMรฃF\FK QLHNWร UH UHJLRQ\ %ROLZLL &KLOH (NZDGRUX 3HUX RUD] Sร ฤ QRFQHM $UJHQW\Q\ RG ZLHNร Z SRZV]HFKQD MHVW ZLDUD Z 3DFKDPDPรท t 0DWNรท =LHPLรท -HVW RQD SRVWU]HJDQD MDNR Eร VWZR GDMรฃFH ล \FLH L SR]ZDODMรฃFH SU]HWUZDรฅ Z VXURZ\FK ZDUXQNDFK $QGร Z -HM NXOW ]ZLรฃ]DQ\ MHVW SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP ] XSUDZรฃ UROL L Sฤ RGQRฤณFLรฃ ]LHPL -HGQDN ERJLQL QLH W\ONR ล \ZL PRล H Uร ZQLHล X]GUDZLDรฅ ]H ZV]\VWNLFK FKRUร E L SU]\QRVLรฅ V]F]รทฤณFLH 3DFKDPDPLH QDOHล \ ]DWHP QLHXVWDQQLH RGGDZDรฅ QDOHล QH MHM ZG]LรทF]QRฤณรฅ RUD] V]DFXQHN = WHJR Z]JOรทGX MHM Z\]QDZF\ SRGF]DV NDล GHJR WRDVWX VWUรฃFDMรฃ QD ]LHPLรท NLOND SLHUZV]\FK NURSHO DONRKROX 0DWFH =LHPL VNฤ DGD VLรท Uร ZQLHล Uร ล QRUDNLH RILDU\ Z W\P ]H ]ZLHU]รฃW .XOW 3DFKDPDP\ MHVW GR WHJR VWRSQLD SRZV]HFKQ\ L VLOQ\ ล H QDZHW RVRE\ SXEOLF]QH RGGDMรฃ MHM F]Hฤณรฅ : U (YR 0RUDOHV SU]HG REMรทFLHP IXQNFML SUH]\GHQWD %ROLZLL Z]Lรฃฤ XG]LDฤ Z FHUHPRQLL SU]\ %UDPLH 6ฤ RฤกFD Z UXLQDFK 7LDKXDQDFR KLVWRU\F]QHJR RฤณURGND NXOWXU\ DQG\MVNLHM SU]\ZRฤ XMรฃF ERJLQLรท L G]LรทNXMรฃF MHM ]D ]Z\FLรทVWZR Z Z\ERUDFK 'DU\ GOD 3DFKDPDP\ PRล QD NXSLรฅ QD VWRฤ HF]Q\FK e7DUJDFK F]DURZQLFr t W\P EDUG]LHM WXU\VW\F]Q\P ]QDMGXMรฃF\P VLรท Z /D Paz (0HUFDGR GH ODV %UXMDV MDN Uร ZQLHล QD WDUJRZLVNX U]DGNR RGZLHG]DQ\P SU]H] WXU\VWร Z Z (O $OWR 1D VWUDJDQDFK VSU]HGDMH VLรท ]LRฤ D DONRKRO GOD ERJLQL QLH]Z\NOH PRFQ\ MDN Uร ZQLHล WUXFKฤ D L HPEULRQ\ ODP RUD] IUDJPHQW\ LQQ\FK ]ZLHU]รฃW Vฤ Xล รฃ RQH RGSUDZLDQLX PLVW\F]Q\FK REU]รทGร Z 3RQDGWR PRล QD QDE\รฅ ]HVWDZ\ PDฤ \FK NRORURZ\FK Sฤ \WHN JLSVRZ\FK ] NWร U\FK NDล GD Vฤ Xล \ GR XSUDV]DQLD LQQ\FK ฤ DVN 6Nฤ DGDMรฃF Z GDU]H VSDODMรฃF RGSRZLHGQLR GREUDQH SU]H] VSU]HGDZF]\QLH ZLHGล P\ NRPSR]\FMH ]ฤ Rล RQH ] Z\PLHQLRQ\FK VNฤ DGQLNร Z %ROLZLMF]\F\ SURV]รฃ 3DFKDPDPรท P LQ R ERJDFWZR ]GURZLH SRZRG]HQLH Z PLฤ RฤณFL XURG]DM Z SROX SRP\ฤณOQRฤณรฅ Z EL]QHVLH OXE QD VWXGLDFKf D QDZHW R QLHV]F]รทฤณFLH GOD QLHOXELDQHJR VรฃVLDGD 1D VWUDJDQ\ ] RSLVDQ\P DVRUW\PHQWHP PRล QD QDWNQรฃรฅ VLรท QLH W\ONR Z ]HVSROH PLHMVNLP EROLZLMVNLHM VWROLF\ DOH Uร ZQLHล Z LQQ\FK Jร UVNLFK PLHMVFRZRฤณFLDFK

0LDฤ HP RND]Mรท RGZLHG]Lรฅ Mercado GH ODV %UXMDV Z VLHUSQLX F]\OL Z F]DVLH Z NWร U\P 3DFKDPDPD MHVW QDMEDUG]LHM eJฤ RGQDr %\ฤ NRQLHF PLHVLรฃFD JG\ ZLHOX VSร ล QLDOVNLFK VWDฤ R Z Gฤ XJLFK NROHMNDFK DE\ NXSLรฅ GDU\ GOD 0DWNL =LHPL 2EU]รทG VNฤ DGDQLD RILDU PRJฤ HP ]DREVHUZRZDรฅ QD OLF]Q\FK PDฤ \FK SDOHQLVNDFK ]QDMGXMรฃF\FK VLรท Z]Gฤ Xล e7DUJX F]DURZQLFr Z (O $OWR REVฤ XJLZDQ\FK SU]H] XSUDZQLRQH GR WHJR ZLHGล P\ brujas 2ILDU\ VNฤ DGD VLรท Uร ZQLHล SR]D PLDVWHP 3RGUร ล XMรฃF GR SREOLVNLHJR SDVPD Jร UVNLHJR &RUGLOOHUD 5HDO QDWUDILฤ HP QD G\PLรฃFH MHV]F]H Z\SDORQH PLHMVFD Z NWร U\FK Z QRF\ VNฤ DGDQR KRฤ G 3DFKDPDPLH :LG]LDฤ HP OXG]L P LQ NLONXG]LHVLรทFLX SUDFRZQLNร Z NRUSRUDFML WDNVร ZNDUVNLHM RGGDMรฃF\FK VLรท F]\QQRฤณFL SRMHQLD L NDUPLHQLD ORNDOQHM ERJLQL : SU]HFLZLHฤกVWZLH GR PDOJDVNLHM )DPDGLKDQ\ U\WXDฤ X VNฤ DGDQLD GDUร Z DQG\MVNLHM 0DFH =LHPL WXU\ฤณFL QLH PRJรฃ REVHUZRZDรฅ ] EOLVND = %ROLZLL SU]HQLHฤณP\ VLรท W\V NP QD ZVFKร G QD 0DGDJDVNDU .UDM WHQ ]DPLHV]NXMH JUXS HWQLF]Q\FK : NDล GHM ] W\FK VSRฤ HF]QRฤณFL SUDNW\NRZDQ\ MHVW REU]รฃGHN SRJU]HERZ\ QD]\ZDQ\ )DPDGLKDQD 3ROHJD QD HNVKXPRZDQLX L SRQRZQ\P SRFKร ZNX SU]H] URG]LQ\ V]F]รฃWNร Z QDMEOLล V]\FK 3LHUZV]\ SRJU]HE ]DUD] SR ฤณPLHUFL SR]ZDOD ERZLHP SU]HMฤณรฅ W\ONR GR ฤณZLDWD ]PDUฤ \FK :ร ZF]DV WR ]DELMD VLรท FDฤ H VWDGR ]HEX QDOHล รฃFH GR QLHล \MรฃFHM MXล RVRE\ L XU]รฃG]D XF]Wรท SRGF]DV NWร UHM ]DSURV]HQL JRฤณFLH ]MDGDMรฃ PLรทVR )DPDGLKDQD QDWRPLDVW MHVW ZNURF]HQLHP ]PDUฤ HJR GR ฤณZLDWD SU]RGNร Z (NVKXPDFML GRNRQXMH VLรท UHJXODUQLH FR NLOND ODW D GDWD Z\GRE\FLD V]F]รฃWNร Z QLH MHVW SU]\SDGNRZD :VND]XMรฃ Mรฃ ZUร ล ELDU]H ] DVWURORJDPL =JRGQLH ] PDOJDVNLP SUDZHP XURF]\VWRฤณรฅ PRล H RGE\ZDรฅ VLรท RG SRF]รฃWNX F]HUZFD GR NRฤกFD ZU]HฤณQLD Z SRU]H VXFKHM )DPDGLKDQD WR Z\GDU]HQLH QD NWร UH SU]\E\ZD QDZHW NLONDVHW RVร E ]DSUDV]DQ\FK SU]H] QDMEOLล V]รฃ URG]LQรท ]PDUฤ HJR 6รฃ WR MHJR NUHZQL L ]QDMRPL NWร U\FK QDOHล \ NDUPLรฅ SU]H] NLOND GQL 3R Z\GRE\FLX WUXFKฤ D MHVW RQR SU]HZLMDQH

Z QRZ\ MHGZDEQ\ FDฤ XQ ODPED =DSURV]HQL JRฤณFLH Z W\P Uร ZQLHล G]LHFL JURPDG]รฃF VLรท QDG Z\NRSDQ\PL V]F]รฃWNDPL ZVSร OQLH WDฤกF]รฃ ฤณSLHZDMรฃ L MHG]รฃ 3LMH VLรท WDNล H DONRKRO : W\P F]DVLH QLNW ] XF]HVWQLNร Z FHUHPRQLL QLH SRZLQLHQ Sฤ DNDรฅ L RND]\ZDรฅ VPXWNX 5HV]WNL FLDฤ D REQRV]RQH Vรฃ Z XURF]\VW\P NRQGXNFLH NLONXNURWQLH ZRNร ฤ JUREX D QDZHW SR RNROLF\ DE\ e]DSR]QDรฅr ]PDUฤ HJR ] W\P FR ]PLHQLฤ R VLรท SR MHJR ฤณPLHUFL 1D 0DGDJDVNDU]H QLHU]DGNR ]GDU]D VLรท ล H ]PDUฤ \FK FKRZD VLรท Z W\PF]DVRZ\FK PRJLฤ DFK JG\ LFK ]JRQ QDVWรฃSLฤ ] GDOD RG GRPX QS ]H Z]JOรทGX QD Z\NRQ\ZDQLH SUDF\ Z LQQ\P UHMRQLH Z\VS\ ,VWQLHMH MHGQDN SRZV]HFKQ\ LPSHUDW\Z VSURZDG]DQLD ]Zฤ RN Z URG]LQQH VWURQ\ L SRQRZQHJR SRFKร ZNX MXล ZH Zฤ DฤณFLZ\P t EDUG]LHM RND]Dฤ \P JURELH 3U]\ F]\P VSURZDG]HQLH V]F]รฃWNร Z PRล H PLHรฅ PLHMVFH QDZHW SR ZLHOX ODWDFK Z V\WXDFML JG\ URG]LQ\ QLH VWDรฅ RG UD]X QD Z\EXGRZDQLH RGSRZLHGQLHJR JURERZFD *G\ SU]HE\ZDฤ HP QD 0DGDJDVNDU]H NLONXNURWQLH ]ZUDFDQR PL XZDJรท QD PLMDQH WD[L EURXVVH QD Z\VSLH NRPXQLNDFMD PLรทG]\PLDVWRZD RSLHUD VLรท Z ]DVDG]LH W\ONR QD WDNLFK SRMD]GDFK QD GDFKDFK NWร U\FK ]QDMGRZDฤ \ VLรท WUXPQ\ =QDF]HQLH PLDฤ D PDฤ D IODJD QDURGRZD ZSLรทWD QDG MHGQ\P ] OXVWHUHN VDPRFKRGร Z t MHล HOL ]QDMGRZDฤ D VLรท SR SUDZHM VWURQLH NLHURZF\ WR ]QDF]\ฤ R ล H Z WUXPQLH VSRF]\ZD FLDฤ R RVRE\ GRSLHUR FR ]PDUฤ HM ]Dฤณ JG\ IODJรท ZSLรทWR ] OHZHM VWURQ\ WR WUXPQD ]DZLHUDฤ D HNVKXPRZDQH V]F]รฃWNL ]PDUฤ HJR SU]HG ODW\ 3LV]รฃF R )DPDGLKDQLH QDOHล \ ZVSRPQLHรฅ R ZLHU]HQLDFK PLHV]NDฤกFร Z 0DGDJDVNDUX NWร UH VWDQRZLรฃ ]DVDGQLF]\ NRQWHNVW GOD WHM FHUHPRQLL 2Wร ล PLHV]NDฤกF\ &]HUZRQHM :\VS\ VLOQLH ZLHU]รฃ ล H ZV]\VWNR WR FR Z ล \FLX VLรท LP SU]\GDU]D ZDUXQNRZDQH MHVW SU]\FK\OQRฤณFLรฃ OXE JQLHZHP SU]RGNร Z (razana 3RฤณUHGQLF]รฃ RQL Z NRQWDNWDFK OXG]L ] %RJLHP 'XFK\ SU]RGNร Z QDOHล \ ]DWHP GDU]\รฅ QLH]Z\Nฤ รฃ HVW\Pรฃ (NVKXPDFMD MHVW IRUPรฃ RGGDZDQLD LP F]FL D NRQWDNW ]H V]F]รฃWNDPL PD 7


6NğDGDQLH KRğGX 3DFKDPDPLH Z &RUGLOOHUD 5HDO

T g Czar Ta Tar zarown own nic c w L a Paz Paz a

Dar y dla Dar dla a Pac Pacham amamy amy my

8

Otw wier erani anie an ani e grob grrob obu podc podc odczas zas za a Fam amadi a han adi ha y


SU]\QLHฤณรฅ Eฤ RJRVฤ DZLHฤกVWZR RG ]PDUฤ \FK =D VSUDZรฃ W\FK ZLHU]Hฤก PDOJDVNLH JURERZFH Vรฃ EDUG]LHM Z\VWDZQH RG GRPร Z &]รทVWR JURE\ Vรฃ PXURZDQH Z SU]HFLZLHฤกVWZLH GR FKDWHN EXGRZDQ\FK ] GUHZQD L JOLQ\ -HGQR ] SOHPLRQ ]GREL ฤณFLDQ\ JURERZFร Z VFHQDPL ] ล \FLD SRFKRZDQHM RVRE\ RUD] U\VXQNDPL HOHPHQWร Z MHM PDMรฃWNX PRล QD ]DWHP ]REDF]\รฅ QDPDORZDQH ]HEX URZHU\ F]\ PRWRU\ =DUร ZQR Z %ROLZLL MDN L QD 0DGDJDVNDU]H ]DVNDNXMH GDOHNR SRVXQLรทW\ MHVW V\QNUHW\]P UHOLJLMQ\ 8 ZLHOX WXE\OFร Z NDUPLHQLH 3DFKDPDP\ F]\ XF]HVWQLF]HQLH Z )DPDGLKDQLH QLH SR]RVWDMH Z VSU]HF]QRฤณFL ] E\FLHP JRUOLZ\P FKU]HฤณFLMDQLQHP 1DG MH]LRUHP 7LWLFDFD Z %ROLZLL Z SREOLล X JUDQLF\ ] 3HUX ]QDMGXMH VLรท VDQNWXDULXP PDU\MQH X]QDZDQH Z FDฤ \FK $QGDFK ]D QDMZDล QLHMV]H PLHMVFH NXOWX NDWROLNร Z = RSRZLHฤณFL MHGQHJR ] ORNDOQ\FK SU]HZRGQLNร Z GRZLHG]LDฤ HP VLรท ล H QLHNWร U]\ PLHMVFRZL ZLHUQL EH]SRฤณUHGQLR SR PRGOLWZDFK Z ฤณZLรฃW\QL WXล SU]\ MHM PXUDFK NDUPLรฃ RILDUDPL L F]รทVWXMรฃ DONRKROHP 3DFKDPDPรท = NROHL QD 0DGDJDVNDU]H E\FLH SUDNW\NXMรฃF\P SURWHVWDQWHP OXE NDWROLNLHP QLH SU]HV]NDG]D Z RGNRS\ZDQLX ]Zฤ RN SU]RGNร Z 2SRZLHG]LDQR PL KLVWRULรท GRW\F]รฃFรฃ URG]LQ\ NDWROLFNLHJR NVLรทG]D NWร UD ]Dล \F]\ฤ D VRELH )DPDGLKDQ\ SR MHJR ฤณPLHUFL 8URF]\VWRฤณรฅ RGE\ฤ D VLรท L XF]HVWQLF]\ฤ R Z QLHM ZLHOX LQQ\FK GXFKRZQ\FK ]DSU]\MDล QLRQ\FK ]H ]PDUฤ \P 7UDG\FMD RGNRS\ZDQLD V]F]รฃWNร Z EOLVNLFK MHVW WDN VLOQD ล H QDZHW JG\ Z U t SRGF]DV HSLGHPLL Gล XP\ t Zฤ DG]H Z\VS\ SURVLฤ \ MHM PLHV]NDฤกFร Z DE\ ]DQLHFKDOL HNVKXPDFML 0DOJDV]H QDGDO NRQW\QXRZDOL VZRMH ]Z\F]DMH 3RGREQH SU]\ZLรฃ]DQLH WR WUDG\F\MQ\FK ]DFKRZDฤก ]DREVHUZRZDQR SU]HG ODW\ Z %ROLZLL JG\ WDPWHMV]\ U]รฃG SRG ZSฤ \ZHP ELVNXSร Z ]DEURQLฤ ล XFLD NRNL =DND] WHQ PXVLDฤ MHGQDN ]RVWDรฅ XFK\ORQ\ ] SRZRGX VLOQLH ]DNRU]HQLRQ\FK ZLHU]Hฤก %ROLZLMF]\F\ ล \Mรฃ Z SU]HฤณZLDGF]HQLX ล H OLฤณFLH NUDVQRGU]HZX SRVSROLWHJR ]RVWDฤ \ LP SU]HND]DQH SU]H] DQG\MVNLFK ERJร Z RUD] Zฤ DฤณFLZRฤณFL NRNL NWร UD SR]ZDOD ]DFKRZDรฅ GREUH VDPRSRF]XFLH QD GXล \FK

Z\VRNRฤณFLDFK ฤ DJRG]L Jฤ ร G Eร O ]PรทF]HQLH RUD] REMDZ\ FKRURE\ Z\VRNRฤณFLRZHM 2 ฤ รฃF]HQLX VLรท ORNDOQ\FK ZLHU]Hฤก ] UHOLJLรฃ SU]\QLHVLRQรฃ SU]H] PLVMRQDU]\ PRล QD SU]HF]\WDรฅ Z UHODFMDFK QDV]\FK URGDNร Z NWร U]\ PLHV]NDMรฃF Z %ROLZLL L QD 0DGDJDVNDU]H GREU]H SR]QDOL ORNDOQH REU]รทG\ .V :RMFLHFK %ฤ DV]F]\N Z VZRMHM NVLรฃล FH SLV]H e1D RELDG UD]HP ] GUXJLP NVLรทG]HP SRV]OLฤณP\ GR GRPX SUH]HVD PLQLVWUDQWร Z 1D SRGZร UNX Z W\JLHONX SDOL VLรท FRฤณ Z URG]DMX NDG]LGฤ D 1D UR]ล DU]RQ\FK ZรทJODFK ล DU]\ VLรท NKRD F]\OL WUDG\F\MQD RILDUD VNฤ DGDQD GOD 3DFKDPDP\ %HWR SUH]\GHQW PLQLVWUDQWร Z UDGRฤณQLH Wฤ XPDF]\ PL ล H WR MHVW RILDUD GOD 3DQD F]\OL GOD &KU\VWXVD 5RG]LPLH LQGLDฤกVNL REU]รทG RWU]\PDฤ ]QDF]HQLH FKU]HฤณFLMDฤกVNLH : RILHU]H FDฤ RSDOQHM VNฤ DGD VLรท OLฤณFLH NRNL SDSLHURV\ Vฤ RG\F]H FXNLHU 1D U\QNX PRล QD NXSLรฅ SU]\JRWRZDQH MXล SRUF\MNL NWร UH Z GRPX RG UD]X ZU]XFD VLรท QD ZรทJOH L VSDOD QLHU]DGNR RNDG]DMรฃF SRPLHV]F]HQLD Z FHOX RGJRQLHQLD ]ฤ \FK GXFKร Z .LHG\ MXล RJLHฤก Z\JDฤณQLH ZV]\VWNR F]\OL UHV]WNL RILDU\ L QLHGRSDORQH ZรทJLHONL ]DNRSXMH VLรท Z SREOLล X GRPXr 0LVMRQDU] ] %ROLZLL V = NROHL 7RPDV] 2ZVLDQ\ Z MHGQ\P ] Z\ZLDGร Z WDN RSLVXMH V\QNUHW\]P UHOLJLMQ\ PLHV]NDฤกFร Z &]HUZRQHM :\VS\ e3RZV]HFKQD

MHVW HNVKXPDFMD FLDฤ D SR NWร UHM P LQ ZฤณUร G SU]HGVWDZLFLHOL OXGX 0HULQD QDVWรทSXMH U\WXDฤ SU]HZLMDQLD NRฤณFL F]\OL ]PLHQLDQLD QD QLFK FDฤ XQX D WDNล H ]DNฤ DGDQLD SRฤณPLHUWQ\FK XEUDฤก ]PDUฤ HJR NWร UH PDMรฃ VSURZDG]Lรฅ Eฤ RJRVฤ DZLHฤกVWZR QD QRZHJR QRVLFLHOD 8F]HVWQLF\ U\WXDฤ X ]DNฤ DGDMรฃ ZLรทF SR NROHL QS PDU\QDUNรท Z NWร UHM NUHZQ\ E\ฤ SRFKRZDQ\ : Uร ล Q\FK UHMRQDFK 0DGDJDVNDUX Uร ล QLH WR Z\JOรฃGD DOH RVWDWHF]QLH VSURZDG]D VLรท WR GR NRQLHF]QRฤณFL REFRZDQLD ]H V]F]รฃWNDPL ]PDUฤ HJR : UDPDFK LQNXOWXUDFML .RฤณFLร ฤ ]DDGDSWRZDฤ WR Z WDNL VSRVร E ล H RUJDQL]RZDQ\ MHVW W\SRZ\ FKU]HฤณFLMDฤกVNL SRJU]HE MHGQDN SRGF]DV QLHJR URG]LQD ]PDUฤ HJR SU]HFKRG]L GRGDWNRZR SRG WUXPQรฃ L GRW\ND MHM DE\ RWU]\PDรฅ XSUDJQLRQH Eฤ RJRVฤ DZLHฤกVWZRr -DN ZLHU]\รฅ Z F]DU\f =QDQH QDP SROVNLH SU]\Vฤ RZLH Pร ZL eFR NUDM WR RE\F]DM FR URG]LQD WR ]Z\F]DMr 3RGUร ล H SR]ZDODMรฃ SU]HNRQDรฅ VLรท MDN EDUG]R RGPLHQQH RG QDV]\FK Vรฃ QLHNWร UH ] W\FK RE\F]DMร Z 1LH PRล QD SR]QDรฅ GDQHM NXOWXU\ EH] SHฤ QHJR ]DQXU]HQLD VLรท Z ORNDOQH REU]รทG\ L RE\F]DMH 1LHNLHG\ WRZDU]\V]\ WHPX REU]\G]HQLH L QLHSRNร M MHGQDN FLHNDZRฤณรฅ ฤณZLDWD ]DZV]H ]Z\FLรทล D GU KDE 0DUFLQ *รทEDURZVNL SURI 8(. .DWHGUD =DU]รฃG]DQLD 3URFHVRZHJR

: DUW\NXOH Z\NRU]\VWDฤ HP IUDJPHQW NVLรฃล NL NV :RMFLHFKD %ฤ DV]F]\ND SW Misjonarz ] %ROLZLL RSXEOLNRZDQHM Z U SU]H] POMOC :\GDZQLFWZR 0LVMRQDU]\ .UZL &KU\VWXVD =DF\WRZDฤ HP Uร ZQLHล IUDJPHQW Z\ZLDGX ] 7RPDV]HP 2ZVLDQ\P SW -DN ZLHU]\รฅ Z F]DU\ Z ]JRG]LH ] %LEOLรฃ" Zobacz Madagaskar RF]\PD QLHZLHU]รฃFHJR PLVMRQDU]D ]DPLHV]F]RQHJR Z LQWHUQHFLH SRG DGUHVHP KWWS Z\SUDZ\PDU]HQ SO UHSRUWD] WRPHN QD F]HUZRQHM Z\VSLH DJQRVW\N ZVURG PLVMRQDU]\ L F]DURZQLF 7RPDV] 2ZVLDQ\ MHVW DXWRUHP NVLรฃล NL SW 0DGDJDVNDU 7RPHN QD &]HUZRQHM :\VSLH NWร UD XND]Dฤ D VLรท Z U QDNฤ DGHP :\GDZQLFWZD %HUQDUGLQXP =GMรทFLD SUH]HQWXMรฃFH )DPDGLKDQรท ]RVWDฤ \ Z\NRQDQLH L XGRVWรทSQLRQH SU]H] 3DQLรฃ 0DUWรท :DZU]\QLDN NWร Uรฃ ZUD] ]H VWXGHQWNDPL ZRORQWDULXV]NDPL ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX LP $GDPD 0LFNLHZLF]D Z 3R]QDQLX VSRWNDฤ HP QD 0DGDJDVNDU]H Z VLHUSQLX U

=GRELHQLH JURERZFร Z QD 0DGDJDVNDU]H

9


Prof. dr hab.

<ILM][b ;QSWZI

Honorowym Profesorem Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie 8ZWN LZ PIJ <ILM][b ;QSWZI SQMZW_VQS 3I\MLZa BIZbฤ LbIVQI 2ISWฤฌKQฤ W\ZbaUIรฐ OWLVWฤฌฤ +RQRURZHJR 3URIHVRUD 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3U]\URGQLF]HJR Z /XEOLQLH +MZMUWVQI WLJaรฐI [Qฤ _ LVQ] ! TQ[\WXILI ! Z _ +MV\Z]U 3WVOZM[W_aU =8 _ 4]JTQVQM

U

rRF]\VWRฤณFL SU]HZRGQLF]\ฤ -0 5HNWRU 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3U]\URGQLF]HJR Z /XEOLQLH SURI GU KDE GU KF PXOWL =\JPXQW /LWZLฤกF]XN Z REHFQRฤณFL -0 5HNWRUD 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH SURI GU KDE LQล GU KF PXOWL $QGU]HM &KRFKร ฤ D L ']LHNDQD :\G]LDฤ X 1DXN R =ZLHU]รทWDFK L %LRJRVSRGDUNL SURI GU KDE -RDQQ\ %DUฤ RZVNLHM

8URF]\VWRฤณFL UR]SRF]รทฤ D U]HF]QLN 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3U]\URGQLF]HJR Z /XEOLQLH 3DQL ,ZRQD 3DFKFLฤกVND NWร UD SU]\ZLWDฤ D 3URIHVRUD 7DGHXV]D 6LNRUรท ] 0Dฤ ล RQNรฃ Zฤ DG]H 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3U]\URGQLF]HJR Z /XEOLQLH Zฤ DG]H 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH 3U]\ZLWDฤ D WHล 5RG]LQรท 3URIHVRUD RUD] OLF]QLH SU]\E\ฤ \FK JRฤณFL ] ZLHOX RฤณURGNร Z QDXNRZ\FK Z 3ROVFH V]F]HJร OQLH VHUGHF]QLH ZLWDMรฃF SURI GU KDE 6WDQLVฤ DZD 7\V]NLHZLF]D 3URPRWRUD Z SU]HZRG]LH GRNWRUVNLP RUD] 0HQWRUD 3URIHVRUD 6LNRU\

IRW .RQUDG 3ROOHVFK

10

6\OZHWNรท RUD] GURJรท ]DZRGRZรฃ 3URIHVRUD 7DGHXV]D 6LNRU\ SU]HGVWDZLฤ D 3URG]LHNDQ :\G]LDฤ X 1DXN R =ZLHU]รทWDFK L %LRJRVSRGDUNL NLHURZQLN =DNฤ DGX %H]SLHF]HฤกVWZD ล \ZQRฤณFL L 3URGXNWร Z 5HJLRQDOQ\FK SURI GU KDE -RODQWD .Uร O


%\ฤ SURPRWRUHP ]DNRฤกF]RQ\FK SU]HZRGร Z GRNWRUVNLFK QD :\G]LDOH 7RZDUR]QDZVWZD 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH RUD] ZVSร ฤ SURPRWRUHP SU]HZRGX GRNWRUVNLHJR QD 8QLZHUV\WHFLH -DJLHOORฤกVNLP 2EHFQLH VSUDZXMH RSLHNรท QDXNRZรฃ QDG ZV]F]รทW\PL SU]HZRGDPL GRNWRUVNLPL %\ฤ UHFHQ]HQWHP Z SRVWรทSRZDQLDFK DZDQVRZ\FK Z W\P GRNWRUDWร Z KDELOLWDFML Z\GDZQLF]\FK KDELOLWDFML RSLQLL Z SRVWรทSRZDQLX QD W\WXฤ L QD VWDQRZLVNR SURIHVRUD ]Z\F]DMQHJR

3URI GU KDE 7DGHXV] 6LNRUD XURG]Lฤ VLรท VW\F]QLD U Z 'REU]\F\ REHFQLH ZRMHZร G]WZR ]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLH -HVW DEVROZHQWHP NLHUXQNX 7RZDUR]QDZVWZR :\ล V]HM 6]NRฤ \ (NRQRPLF]QHM Z .UDNRZLH 3U]HV]HGฤ ZV]\VWNLH V]F]HEOH NDULHU\ ]DZRGRZHM L QDXNRZHM t RG VWDQRZLVND DV\VWHQWD VWDล \VW\ GR SURIHVRUD ]Z\F]DMQHJR 3UDFรท GRNWRUVNรฃ SW e&]\QQLNL RNUHฤณODMรฃFH MDNRฤณรฅ PLรทVD MDJQLรทFHJR QD SU]\Nฤ DG]LH PLHV]DฤกFร Z RZF\ SRJร U]Dr Z\NRQDฤ Z U SRG NLHUXQNLHP SURI 6WDQLVฤ DZD 7\V]NLHZLF]D X]\VNXMรฃF VWRSLHฤก GRNWRUD QDXN WRZDUR]QDZF]\FK 6WRSLHฤก GRNWRUD KDELOLWRZDQHJR QDXN UROQLF]\FK Z ]DNUHVLH WHFKQRORJLL ล \ZQRฤณFL L ล \ZLHQLD X]\VNDฤ Z U QD :\G]LDOH 5ROQLF]\P ร ZF]HVQHM $NDGHPLL 5ROQLF]HM Z .UDNRZLH QD SRGVWDZLH SUDF\ KDELOLWDF\MQHM SW e-DNRฤณรฅ L VWRSLHฤก FKHPLF]QHJR VNDล HQLD PLรทVD L RUJDQร Z ZHZQรทWU]Q\FK WHVWRZ\FK ]ZLHU]รฃW U]Hล Q\FK ] NUDNRZVNLHM VWUHI\ HNRORJLF]QLH ]DJURล RQHMr 7\WXฤ QDXNRZ\ SURIHVRUD QDXN UROQLF]\FK RWU]\PDฤ Z U

3URIHVRU 7DGHXV] 6LNRUD E\ฤ Z ODWDFK NLHURZQLNLHP 6WXGLXP 3RG\SORPRZHJR e6\VWHPRZH =DU]รฃG]DQLD -DNRฤณFLรฃr G]LDฤ DMรฃFHJR SU]\ .DWHGU]H =DU]รฃG]DQLD -DNRฤณFLรฃ = LQLFMDW\Z\ L SRG -HJR NLHUXQNLHP UR]SRF]รทฤ D VLรท UHDOL]DFMD NRQIHUHQFML ] F\NOX e-DNRฤณรฅ Z JRVSRGDUFH U\QNRZHMr RUJDQL]RZDQ\FK SU]H] .DWHGUรท GRW\FKF]DV RGE\ฤ R VLรท NUDMRZ\FK L PLรทG]\QDURGRZD NRQIHUHQFMD %UDฤ XG]LDฤ Z SUDFDFK ]HVSRฤ X (NVSHUWร Z =HZQรทWU]Q\FK 1DURGRZHJR 3URJUDPX )RUHVLJKW -HVW DXWRUHP ZVSร ฤ DXWRUHP OXE UHGDNWRUHP PRQRJUDILL SRGUรทF]QLNร Z OXE NVLรฃล HN RUD] DXWRUHP OXE ZVSร ฤ DXWRUHP RNRฤ R DUW\NXฤ ร Z QDXNRZ\FK UR]G]LDฤ ร Z Z PRQRJUDILDFK NRPXQLNDWร Z Z PDWHULDฤ DFK NRQIHUHQF\MQ\FK L RNRฤ R DUW\NXฤ ร Z SRSXODUQR QDXNRZ\FK

: RVWDWQLFK ODWDFK ]DLQWHUHVRZDQLD QDXNRZH SURI 7DGHXV]D 6LNRU\ NRQFHQWUXMรฃ VLรท Jฤ ร ZQLH ZRNร ฤ SUREOHPDW\NL ]DU]รฃG]DQLD MDNRฤณFLรฃ L EH]SLHF]HฤกVWZHP Z VHNWRU]H ล \ZQRฤณFLRZ\P -HVW MHGQรฃ ] SLHUZV]\FK RVร E Z 3ROVFH NWร UD ]DMรทฤ D VLรท Wรฃ SUREOHPDW\Nรฃ L QLHNZHVWLRQRZDQ\P DXWRU\WHWHP Z W\P ]DNUHVLH = WHJR ]DNUHVX SURZDG]Lฤ OXE SURZDG]L Z\Nฤ DG\ QD VWXGLDFK SRG\SORPRZ\FK QD NLONX XF]HOQLDFK P LQ 8- 6**: 83 ZH :URFฤ DZLX L /XEOLQLH 8( L 85 Z .UDNRZLH .RQVXOWRZDฤ ]DJDGQLHQLD ]ZLรฃ]DQH ] ]DU]รฃG]DQLHP MDNRฤณFLรฃ L ]DSHZQLHQLHP EH]SLHF]HฤกVWZD ล \ZQRฤณFL RUD] ZGUDล DQLD V\VWHPร Z ]DU]รฃG]DQLD Z ZLHOX SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZDFK SU]HP\Vฤ X VSRล \ZF]HJR 1LHNZHVWLRQRZDQ\ MHVW WDNล H ZNฤ DG SURI 7DGHXV]D 6LNRU\ Z UR]Zร M L SURPRFMรท QDXNL QD IRUXP RJร OQRSROVNLP 2G U MHVW F]ฤ RQNLHP .RPLWHWX 1DXN R ล \ZQRฤณFL L ล \ZLHQLX

: U REMรฃฤ NLHURZQLFWZR 6DPRG]LHOQHJR =DNฤ DGX 7RZDUR]QDZVWZD 2Jร OQHJR L =DU]รฃG]DQLD -DNRฤณFLรฃ Z ,QVW\WXFLH 7RZDUR]QDZVWZD $NDGHPLL (NRQRPLF]QHM Z .UDNRZLH REHFQLH .DWHGUD =DU]รฃG]DQLD -DNRฤณFLรฃ : ODWDFK SUDFRZDฤ GRGDWNRZR Z ,QVW\WXFLH 3U]HP\Vฤ X 0LรทVQHJR L 7ฤ XV]F]RZHJR Z :DUV]DZLH QD VWDQRZLVNX GRFHQWD QDWRPLDVW Z ODWDFK Z &HQWUDOQ\P /DERUDWRULXP 3U]HP\Vฤ X 7\WRQLRZHJR Z .UDNRZLH QD VWDQRZLVNX VHNUHWDU]D QDXNRZHJR JG]LH SHฤ QLฤ WDNล H IXQNFMรท SU]HZRGQLF]รฃFHJR 5DG\ 1DXNRZHM 11


3$1 ZF]HฤณQLHM .RPLWHW &KHPLL L 7HFKQRORJLL ล \ZQRฤณFL 3$1 Z ODWDFK E\ฤ F]ฤ RQNLHP 5DG\ *RVSRGDUNL ล \ZQRฤณFLRZHM SU]\ 0LQLVWU]H 5ROQLFWZD L 5R]ZRMX :VL %\ฤ Uร ZQLHล Z ODWDFK ZLFHSUH]HVHP .OXEX 32/6.,( )2580 ,62 Z ODWDFK ZLFHSUH]HVHP =DU]รฃGX 3ROVNLHJR 6WRZDU]\V]HQLD -DNRฤณFL =DU]รฃG]DQLD

32/,62/$% L SU]HZRGQLF]รฃF\P .RPLWHWX &KURQLรฃFHJR %H]VWURQQRฤณรฅ 7ยน9 5KHLQODQG 3ROVND Z ODWDFK : ODWDFK SHฤ QLฤ IXQNFMH ZLFHSUH]HVD D Z ODWDFK SUH]HVD 3ROVNLHJR 7RZDU]\VWZD 7HFKQRORJร Z ล \ZQRฤณFL 2G U MHVW F]ฤ RQNLHP 5DG\ 1DXNRZHM 3ROVNLHM )HGHUDFML 3URGXFHQWร Z ล \ZQRฤณFL %\ฤ UHGDNWRUHP G]LDฤ X Z PLHVLรทF]QLNX e3U]HP\Vฤ 6SRล \ZF]\r F]ฤ RQNLHP 5DG\ 3URJUDPRZHM L .RPLWHWX 5HGDNF\MQHJR %LXOHW\QX &HQWUDOQHJR /DERUDWRULXP 3U]HP\Vฤ X 7\WRQLRZHJR F]ฤ RQNLHP 5DG\ 3URJUDPRZHM e5RF]QLNร Z ,QVW\WXWX 3U]HP\Vฤ X 0LรทVQHJR L 7ฤ XV]F]RZHJRr e3ROLVK -RXUQDO RI )RRG DQG 1XWULWLRQ 6FLHQFHVr F]ฤ RQNLHP 5DG\ 1DXNRZHM PLHVLรทF]QLND e%H]SLHF]HฤกVWZR L +LJLHQD ล \ZQRฤณFLr 2EHFQLH MHVW F]ฤ RQNLHP 5HGDNFML e$UJXPHQWD (FRQRPLFD &UDFRYLHQVLDr L F]ฤ RQNLHP 5DG\ 3URJUDPRZHM 12

e=HV]\Wร Z 1DXNRZ\FK 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLHr = LQLFMDW\Z\ SURI 7DGHXV]D 6LNRU\ ]Dฤ Rล RQR NZDUWDOQLN QDXNRZ\ ล \ZQRฤณรฅ 7HFKQRORJLD -DNRฤณรฅ REHFQLH eล <:12ฤฒรค 1DXND 7HFKQRORJLD -DNRฤณรฅr NWร U\ UHJXODUQLH XND]XMH VLรท RG JUXGQLD U MDNR RUJDQ QDXNRZ\ 3ROVNLHJR 7RZDU]\VWZD

7HFKQRORJร Z ล \ZQRฤณFL 3URIHVRU 6LNRUD E\ฤ GR U UHGDNWRUHP QDF]HOQ\P D RG U MHVW SU]HZRGQLF]รฃF\P 5DG\ 1DXNRZHM F]DVRSLVPD ']LรทNL VWDUDQLRP 3URIHVRUD F]DVRSLVPR ]QDOD]ฤ R VLรท Z 7KRPVRQ 5HXWHUV 0DVWHU -RXUQDO /LVW 3URIHVRU E\ฤ Uร ZQLHล ZVSร ฤ LQLFMDWRUHP NRQIHUHQFML ] F\NOX eล \ZQRฤณรฅ ;;, ZLHNXr RUJDQL]RZDQ\FK SU]H] 2GG]LDฤ 0Dฤ RSROVNL 377ล NWร UH FLHV]รฃ VLรท RJURPQ\P ]DLQWHUHVRZDQLHP QLH W\ONR ฤณURGRZLVN QDXNRZ\FK DOH Uร ZQLHล SUDNW\NL 3URIHVRU 7DGHXV] 6LNRUD MHVW ODXUHDWHP 0Dฤ RSROVNLHM 1DJURG\ -DNRฤณFL Z U L 3ROVNLHM ,QG\ZLGXDOQHM 1DJURG\ -DNRฤณFL LP 3URI (GZDUGD .LQGODUVNLHJR Z NDWHJRULL QDXND Z U 2G]QDF]RQ\ ]RVWDฤ =ฤ RW\P .U]\ล HP =DVฤ XJL Z U 0HGDOHP .RPLVML (GXNDFML 1DURGRZHM Z U .U]\ล HP .DZDOHUVNLP 223 Z U =ฤ RWรฃ 2G]QDNรฃ 377ล Z U PHGDOHP e=DVฤ Xล RQ\ GOD :\G]LDฤ X 1DXN R ล \ZQRฤณFLr 8QLZHUV\WHWX

3U]\URGQLF]HJR ZH :URFฤ DZLX Z U PHGDOHP :RMVNRZHJR ,QVW\WXWX +LJLHQ\ L (SLGHPLRORJLL LP *HQ .DUROD .DF]NRZVNLHJR Z U PHGDOHP :\G]LDฤ X 1DXN R ล \ZQRฤณFL 6**: Z :DUV]DZLH Z U PHGDOHP LP 3URIHVRUD )UDQFLV]ND 1RZRWQHJR 8QLZHUV\WHWX 5ROQLF]HJR Z .UDNRZLH Z U RG]QDNรฃ +RQRURZรฃ ]D =DVฤ XJL GOD 6**: Z U PHGDOHP OHFLD L OHFLD $NDGHPLL (NRQRPLF]QHM Z .UDNRZLH Z L U L PHGDOHP OHFLD 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH Z U 3URIHVRU 7DGHXV] 6LNRUD PD LVWRWQ\ ZNฤ DG Z NV]WDฤ FHQLH NDGU\ :\G]LDฤ X 1DXN R =ZLHU]รทWDFK L %LRJRVSRGDUNL MDN Uร ZQLHล :\G]LDฤ X 2JURGQLFWZD L $UFKLWHNWXU\ .UDMREUD]X 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3U]\URGQLF]HJR Z /XEOLQLH 2SUDFRZDฤ UHFHQ]Mรท KDELOLWDF\MQรฃ Z\GDZQLF]H QD ]OHFHQLH :\GDZQLFWZD 83 Z /XEOLQLH RUD] RSLQLRZDฤ ZQLRVHN QD W\WXฤ SURIHVRUD 1D ]OHFHQLH 3RZV]HFKQHJR :\GDZQLFWZD 5ROQLF]HJR L /HฤณQHJR Z\NRQDฤ UHFHQ]Mรท Z\GDZQLF]รฃ SRGUรทF]QLND DNDGHPLFNLHJR e7RZDUR]QDZVWZR VXURZFร Z L SURGXNWร Z ]ZLHU]รทF\FK ] SRGVWDZDPL SU]HWZร UVWZDr SRG UHG QDXNRZรฃ SURI =\JPXQWD /LWZLฤกF]XND 2G SLรทWQDVWX ODW ZVSร ฤ SUDFXMH ] ,QVW\WXWHP 2FHQ\ -DNRฤณFL L 3U]HWZร UVWZD 3URGXNWร Z =ZLHU]รทF\FK SRSU]HGQLR .DWHGUรฃ 7RZDUR]QDZVWZD L 3U]HWZร UVWZD 6XURZFร Z =ZLHU]รทF\FK Z ]DNUHVLH WRZDUR]QDZVWZD D V]F]HJร OQLH ]DSHZQLHQLD L ]DU]รฃG]DQLD EH]SLHF]HฤกVWZHP ล \ZQRฤณFL 2G U SURZDG]L Uร ZQLHล F\NOLF]QLH ]DMรทFLD ] ]DJDGQLHฤก ]ZLรฃ]DQ\FK ] ]DU]รฃG]DQLHP MDNRฤณFLรฃ L EH]SLHF]HฤกVWZHP ล \ZQRฤณFL QD VWXGLDFK SRG\SORPRZ\FK e$QDOLW\ND %H]SLHF]HฤกVWZR L &HUW\ILNDFMD ล \ZQRฤณFLr ZF]HฤณQLHM 7RZDUR]QDZVWZR L 2EUร W ล \ZQRฤณFLรฃ SRGQRV]รฃF UDQJรท W\FK VWXGLร Z -HVW DXWRUHP RSLQLL GRW\F]รฃF\FK NRQFHSFML SURJUDPX VWXGLร Z , L ,, VWRSQLD NLHUXQHN %H]SLHF]HฤกVWZR L FHUW\ILNDFMD ล \ZQRฤณFL D WDNล H SHZQ\FK VXJHVWLL Z LFK SODQDFK 2SLQLRZDฤ WDNล H NLHUXQHN VWXGLร Z =DU]รฃG]DQLH MDNRฤณFLรฃ Z SURGXNFML URฤณOLQQHM QD :\G]LDOH 2JURGQLFWZD L $UFKLWHNWXU\ .UDMREUD]X 3R RGF]\WDQLX WUHฤณFL G\SORPX SU]H] SURI GU KDE -RDQQรท %DUฤ RZVNรฃ -0 5HNWRU SURI GU KDE GU KF PXOWL


=\JPXQW /LWZLġF]XN QDGDğ SURI GU KDE 7DGHXV]RZL 6LNRU]H JRGQRijå +RQRURZHJR 3URIHVRUD 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3U]\URGQLF]HJR Z /XEOLQLH : GDOV]HM F]÷ijFL XURF]\VWRijFL 3URIHVRU 7DGHXV] 6LNRUD Z\JğRVLğ Z\NğDG SW e=DSHZQLDQLH MDNRijFL ő\ZQRijFL QD SRF]ãWNX ;;, ZLHNXr 3R ]DNRġF]HQLX Z\NğDGX VNğDGDQLH JUDWXODFML UR]SRF]ãğ -0 5HNWRU 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH SURI 8(. GU KDE LQő $QGU]HM &KRFKÐğ NWÐU\ Z VZRLP Z\VWãSLHQLX SRGNUHijOLğ RJURPQã SUDFRZLWRijå 3URIHVRUD 6LNRU\ L SRJUDWXORZDğ Z\UÐőQLHQLD 'R JUDWXODFML GRğãF]\ğ VL÷ WDNőH ']LHNDQ .ROHJLXP 1DXN R =DU]ãG]DQLX L -DNRijFL SURI 8(. GU KDE %HUQDUG =L÷ELFNL : WUDNFLH XURF]\VWRijFL JUDWXODFMH VNğDGDOL SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH ZLHOX RijURGNÐZ QDXNRZR EDGDZF]\FK ] NWÐU\PL ZVSÐğSUDFXMH 3URIHVRU 7DGHXV] 6LNRUD %\OL WR PL÷G]\ LQQ\PL SURI GU KDE 'DQXWD .RğRő\Q .UDMHZVND RUD] SURI GU KDE ,UHQD 2]LPHN ]H 6]NRğ\ *ğÐZQHM *RVSRGDUVWZD :LHMVNLHJR Z :DUV]DZLH SURI 8:0 GU KDE LQő $QQD 6\OZLD 7DUF]\ġVND ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX :DUPLġVNR 0D]XUVNLHJR Z 2OV]W\QLH SUH]HV 3ROVNLHJR 7RZDU]\VWZD 7HFKQRORJÐZ

Ő\ZQRijFL SURI GU KDE $JQLHV]ND .LWD L SURI GU KDE LQő *UDő\QD .UDVQRZVND ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3U]\URGQLF]HJR ZH :URFğDZLX SURI GU KDE 7HUHVD )RUWXQD SURI GU KDE LQő -DFHN 'RPDJDğD L SURI GU KDE LQő .U]\V]WRI 6XUÐZND ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX 5ROQLF]HJR Z .UDNRZLH SURI GU KDE LQő *UDő\QD -DZRUVND ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX 5]HV]RZVNLHJR 'R JUDWXODFML GRğãF]\OL VL÷ WDNőH G]LHNDQL SR]RVWDğ\FK Z\G]LDğÐZ 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3U]\URGQLF]HJR Z /XEOLQLH Z LPLHQLX NWÐU\FK Z\VWãSLğD SURI GU KDE ,]DEHOOD -DFNRZVND : XURF]\VWRijFL EUDğD WDNőH XG]LDğ GU *UDő\QD 0RUNLV 0DğőRQND 3URIHVRUD 6LNRU\ 8URF]\VWRijå XijZLHWQLğ Z\VW÷S =HVSRğX 3LHijQL L 7DġFD e-DZRUr 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3U]\URGQLF]HJR Z /XEOLQLH D QDVW÷SQLH Z GZRUNX ]LHPLDġVNLP Z )HOLQLH QDVWãSLğ FLãJ GDOV]\ VNğDGDQLD JUDWXODFML :ijUÐG JUDWXOXMãF\FK E\OL P LQ SURI GU KDE .U\VW\QD /LVLHFND ] *ÐUQRijOãVNLHM :\őV]HM 6]NRğ\ +DQGORZHM LP :RMFLHFKD .RUIDQWHJR Z .DWRZLFDFK SURI GU KDE 0DULD IJPLHFKRZVND ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX 0RUVNLHJR Z *G\QL SURI GU KDE LQő -HU]\ ŐXFKRZVNL ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX 7HFKQRORJLF]QR +XPDQLVW\F]QHJR LP .D]LPLHU]D 3XğDZVNLHJR

Z 5DGRPLX SURI GU KDE (OőELHWD 6NU]\SHN ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX 0DULL &XULH 6NğRGRZVNLHM Z /XEOLQLH SURI 83 GU KDE (XJHQLD &]HUQ\V]HZLF] RUD] SURI GU KDE $QQD /LWZLġF]XN ZUD] ] JUXSã ZVSÐğSUDFRZQLNÐZ ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3U]\URGQLF]HJR Z /XEOLQLH *UDWXODFMH ]ğRő\OL UÐZQLHő OLF]QLH SU]\E\OL QD XURF]\VWRijå SUDFRZQLF\ ,QVW\WXWX 1DXN R -DNRijFL L =DU]ãG]DQLD 3URGXNWHP 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH %\OL WR SURI 8(. GU KDE LQő :DQGD .XGHğND G\UHNWRU L SURI 8(. GU KDE LQő $JQLHV]ND &KROHZD :ÐMFLN ZLFHG\UHNWRU ,QVW\WXWX NLHURZQLN ']LHNDQDWX .ROHJLXP 1DXN R =DU]ãG]DQLX L -DNRijFL PJU LQő +DOLQD 1RVDO SURI GU KDE 0DğJRU]DWD /LVLġVND .XijQLHU] SURI GU KDE -DGZLJD 6]RVWDN .RW SURI GU KDE :ğDG\VğDZ .÷G]LRU SURI 8(. GU KDE -RDQQD ']LDGNRZLHF SURI 8(. GU KDE LQő 5HQDWD 6DOHUQR .RFKDQ SURI 8(. GU KDE $QQD 3UXVDN SURI 8(. GU KDE 0DUHN -DEğRġVNL GU LQő 8UV]XOD %DORQ GU LQő 0DJGDOHQD 1LHZF]DV 'REURZROVND GU -DURVğDZ IJZLGD GU LQő 'DQLHO 3UXVDN ] $NDGHPLL *ÐUQLF]R +XWQLF]HM Z .UDNRZLH L GU LQő 0DULXV] *LHP]D 3R ]DNRġF]HQLX VNğDGDQLD JUDWXODFML RGE\ğD VL÷ PQLHM RILFMDOQD F]÷ijå XURF]\VWRijFL NWÐUã UÐZQLHő XijZLHWQLğ =HVSRğ 3LHijQL L 7DġFD e-DZRUr

13


Seniorzy QD Z\Nฤ DGDFK _a_QIL b LZ 2WTIV\ฤ 2]bฤ 3QMZW_VQSQMU =<? =-3

U

QLZHUV\WHW 7U]HFLHJR :LHNX G]LDฤ DMรฃF\ Z 8QLZHUV\WHFLH (NRQRPLF]Q\P Z .UDNRZLH UR]SRF]รฃฤ VZRMรฃ G]LDฤ DOQRฤณรฅ SRQDG GHNDGรท WHPX t SDล G]LHUQLND URNX 2EHFQLH Z ]DMรทFLDFK XF]HVWQLF]\ Vฤ XFKDF]\ %LRUรฃ RQL XG]LDฤ QLH W\ONR Z Z\Nฤ DGDFK R FLHNDZHM L ]Uร ล QLFRZDQHM WHPDW\FH DOH WDNล H Z ]DMรทFLDFK Mรท]\NRZ\FK L VSRUWRZ\FK 2 KLVWRULรท RUD] ZVSร ฤ F]HVQRฤณรฅ 87: 8(. SU]\EOLล D MHJR .LHURZQLN t GU -RODQWD -X]D 5RN DNDGHPLFNL MHVW GOD 8QLZHUV\WHWX 7U]HFLHJR :LHNX 8(.

14

Z\MรฃWNRZ\ 7R URN MHJR LVWQLHQLD &R E\ฤ R LPSXOVHP GR MHJR SRZVWDQLD" -HGQ\P ] QDMZDล QLHMV]\FK ]DGDฤก NDล GHJR XQLZHUV\WHWX MHVW UHDOL]DFMD WDN ]ZDQHM eWU]HFLHM PLVML XF]HOQLr 3ROHJD RQD QD V]HURNR UR]XPLDQHM DNW\ZL]DFML VSRฤ HF]HฤกVWZD ]DSRELHJDQLX Z\NOXF]HQLX L SU]\JRWRZDQLX RIHUW\ HGXNDF\MQHM VNLHURZDQHM VSHFMDOQLH GR RGELRUFร Z VSR]D ฤณURGRZLVND DNDGHPLFNLHJR : QDV]\P SU]\SDGNX WR VHQLRU]\ F]\OL RVRE\ NWร UH XNRฤกF]\ฤ \ URN ล \FLD &KFLHOLฤณP\ Z WHQ VSRVร E VWZRU]\รฅ VWDUV]\P RVRERP F]รทVWR SU]HE\ZDMรฃF\P QD

HPHU\WXU]H PRล OLZRฤณรฅ Z\MฤณFLD ] GRPร Z UR]ZLQLรทFLD VZRLFK ]DLQWHUHVRZDฤก SR]QDQLD L QDXF]HQLD VLรท F]HJRฤณ QRZHJR t FKRFLDล E\ Mรท]\Nร Z REF\FK 6NRUR ZVSRPQLDฤ D 3DQL .LHURZQLN R QDXFH Mรท]\Nร Z F]HJR MHV]F]H PRJรฃ QDXF]\รฅ VLรท Vฤ XFKDF]H 87: 8(." -DN Z\JOรฃGDMรฃ ]DMรทFLD L Z\Nฤ DG\" 2SUร F] Z\Nฤ DGร Z R FKDUDNWHU]H XQLZHUV\WHFNLP QDVL Vฤ XFKDF]H PDMรฃ GR Z\ERUX GZD URG]DMH ]DMรทรฅ IDNXOWDW\ZQ\FK :ฤณUร G QLFK Vรฃ ZVSRPQLDQH MXล Mรท]\NL REFH D REHFQLH Z RIHUFLH PDP\ ]DMรทFLD ] Mรท]\ND DQJLHOVNLHJR


VWDUDP\ VLรท SRGQRVLรฅ SRSU]HF]Nรท SURSRQRZDรฅ FRUD] FLHNDZV]H WHPDW\ Z\FLHF]NL VSRWNDQLD ] HNVSHUWDPL 1DV] 8QLZHUV\WHW FLHV]\ VLรท GRVNRQDฤ รฃ RSLQLรฃ L Z\VRNLP SR]LRPHP SURZDG]RQ\FK ]DMรทรฅ 6ฤ XFKDF]H WR GRFHQLDMรฃ 0Rล QD ZLรทF VWZLHUG]Lรฅ ล H 8QLZHUV\WHW 7U]HFLHJR :LHNX 8(. VWZRU]\ฤ FLHNDZรฃ SU]HVWU]Hฤก GR VSRWNDQLD L GLDORJXf

UHDOL]RZDQH Z UDPDFK GZร FK VWRSQL WUXGQRฤณFL t SRGVWDZRZ\P L ฤณUHGQLR ]DDZDQVRZDQ\P 3R]D W\P QDVL Vฤ XFKDF]H PRJรฃ VNRU]\VWDรฅ ] ERJDWHM RIHUW\ ]DMรทรฅ VSRUWRZ\FK 1DOHล รฃ GR QLFK $TXD )LWQHVV 3LODWHV L =GURZ\ NUรทJRVฤ XS t F]\OL รฅZLF]HQLD UR]FLรฃJDMรฃFH RUD] Z]PDFQLDMรฃFH Z\EUDQH SDUWLH PLรทฤณQL 1LH RG G]Lฤณ ZLDGRPR ล H DNW\ZQ\ VHQLRU WR ]GURZ\ VHQLRU 1DWRPLDVW ]DMรทFLD G\GDNW\F]QH RGE\ZDMรฃ VLรท UD] Z W\JRGQLX Z IRUPLH Z\Nฤ DGร Z SURZDG]RQ\FK SU]H] Z\Nฤ DGRZFร Z UHSUH]HQWXMรฃF\FK Uร ล QH G]LHG]LQ\ QDXNRZH Z ]DNUHVLH ILQDQVร Z HNRQRPLL SUDZD KLVWRULL ILOR]RILL D QDZHW URERW\NL OXE LQล \QLHULL =DMรทFLD R FKDUDNWHU]H SUDNW\F]Q\P SURZDG]RQH Vรฃ P LQ SU]H] GLHWHW\Nร Z SROLFMDQWร Z L OHNDU]\f 1D SHZQR NDล G\ ]QDMG]LH FRฤณ GOD VLHELH 3R]D W\P QDVL Vฤ XFKDF]H FKรทWQLH XF]HVWQLF]รฃ Z Uร ล QHJR URG]DMX Z\GDU]HQLDFK NXOWXUDOQ\FK t ]ZLHG]DMรฃ NUDNRZVNLH PX]HD XF]HVWQLF]รฃ Z VSDFHUDFK SR PLHฤณFLH ] SU]HZRGQLNLHP ELRUรฃ XG]LDฤ Z VSHNWDNODFK WHDWUDOQ\FK L NRQFHUWDFK

L ]ZLรทNV]DMรฃFรฃ VLรท Gฤ XJRฤณรฅ ล \FLD PRล OLZRฤณรฅ DNW\ZL]DFML WHM JUXS\ MHVW Z\]ZDQLHP V]F]HJร OQLH DNWXDOQ\P 1DVL Vฤ XFKDF]H Vรฃ RVREDPL ZFLรฃล DNW\ZQ\PL t MHฤณOL QLH ]DZRGRZR WR VSRฤ HF]QLH 8QLZHUV\WHW 7U]HFLHJR :LHNX GDMH LP ZLรทF PRล OLZRฤณรฅ VSRWNDQLD ] GUXJLP F]ฤ RZLHNLHP D FR QDMZDล QLHMV]H XPLHMรทWQRฤณFL Zฤ DฤณFLZHJR LQWHUSUHWRZDQLD ]MDZLVN HNRQRPLF]QR ILQDQVRZ\FK 0DP ZUDล HQLH ล H SRUXV]\ฤ D 3DQL .LHURZQLN ZDล Qรฃ NZHVWLรท 6WDUVL OXG]L F]รทVWR F]XMรฃ VLรท VDPRWQL L QLHSRWU]HEQL =Zฤ DV]F]D NLHG\ ] Uร ล Q\FK SRZRGร Z ]RVWDMรฃ VDPL 7DN WR SUDZGD 7R SHZQLH MHGHQ ] SRZRGร Z GOD NWร U\FK OLF]ED QDV]\FK Vฤ XFKDF]\ VWDOH VLรท ]ZLรทNV]D $OH QD SHZQR QLH MHG\Q\ &R URNX

-DN QDMEDUG]LHM 'DMH RQ PRล OLZRฤณรฅ SR]QDQLD FLHNDZ\FK OXG]L VSRMU]HQLD QD SRUXV]DQH WHPDW\ ] Uร ล Q\FK SXQNWร Z ZLG]HQLD &]รทฤณรฅ Vฤ XFKDF]\ WR QDVL DEVROZHQFL QLHNWร U]\ QDZHW ]U]HV]HQL Z 6WRZDU]\V]HQLX $EVROZHQWร Z 8(. 0DMรฃ ZLรทF ZFLรฃล VLOQH ]ZLรฃ]NL ]H ฤณURGRZLVNLHP DNDGHPLFNLP $OH Vรฃ ZฤณUร G QDV WDNล H Vฤ XFKDF]H NWร U\P ] Uร ล Q\FK SRZRGร Z QLH XGDฤ R VLรท ]GRE\รฅ Z\ล V]HJR Z\NV]WDฤ FHQLD 1DV] 8QLZHUV\WHW 7U]HFLHJR :LHNX MHVW ZLรทF GOD QLFK V]DQVรฃ QD SRV]HU]HQLH VZRMHM ZLHG]\ RUD] ]DSR]QDQLD VLรท ]H ฤณURGRZLVNLHP DNDGHPLFNLP 0Rล OLZRฤณFL MHVW ZLHOH GODWHJR ZV]\VWNLFK 3DฤกVWZD 6HQLRUร Z VHUGHF]QLH ]DFKรทFDP\ ]DUร ZQR GR SRJฤ รทELDQLD VZRMHM ZLHG]\ MDN Uร ZQLHล UR]ZRMX RVRELVWHJR UHDOL]RZDQHJR Z ZLHOX REV]DUDFK *ZDUDQWXMรท ]DWHP ล H NDล G\ ] 3DฤกVWZD 6HQLRUร Z ]QDMG]LH Z QDV]\P 8QLZHUV\WHFLH FRฤณ GOD VLHELH UNIWERSYTET TRZECIEGO WIEKU

)DNW\F]QLH MHVW ] F]HJR Z\ELHUDรฅ $ MDN Vฤ XFKDF]H 87: RGQDMGXMรฃ VLรท SR ODWDFK Z PXUDFK XQLZHUV\WHWX" -DNL ZSฤ \Z PD QD QLFK WD GRGDWNRZD LQWHOHNWXDOQD NXOWXUDOQD L VSRUWRZD DNW\ZQRฤณรฅ" 3U]\]QDรฅ QDOHล \ ล H Vฤ XFKDF]H 87: QLHU]DGNR DEVROZHQFL 8(. RGQDMGXMรฃ VLรท GRVNRQDOH Z PXUDFK QDV]HM 8F]HOQL 3URSRQRZDQD LP RIHUWD HGXNDF\MQD QLHZรฃWSOLZLH SREXG]D LFK DNW\ZQRฤณรฅ LQWHOHNWXDOQรฃ NXOWXUDOQรฃ L IL]\F]Qรฃ %LRUรฃF SRG XZDJรท VWDฤ \ Z]URVW OLF]E\ RVร E VWDUV]\FK 15


2]JQTM][bW_I 1VI]O]ZIKRI UTW UEK =ZWKba[\aU WLฤฌXQM_IVQMU XQMฤฌVQ /I]LM 5I\MZ 8WTWVQI ZWbXWKbฤ รฐI [Qฤ LQDXJXUDFMD MXELOHXV]RZHJR 5RNX $NDGHPLFNLHJR Z 8QLZHUV\WHFLH 7U]HFLHJR :LHNX LbQIรฐIRฤ KaU XZba =VQ_MZ[a\MKQM

-SWVWUQKbVaU _ 3ZISW_QM ?aLIZbMVQM WLJaรฐW [Qฤ XIฤ LbQMZVQSI JZ _ ;\IZMR )]TQ *]LaVS] /รฐ{_VMOW =-3

L

iF]QLH SU]\E\OL Z\Vฤ XFKDOL SU]HPร ZLHQLD 3URUHNWRUD GV 3URMHNWร Z L :VSร ฤ SUDF\ t 3URI GUD KDE .U]\V]WRID 6XUร ZNL RUD] 3DQL .LHURZQLN 87: 8(. t GU -RODQW\ -X]D :\Nฤ DG LQDXJXUDF\MQ\ SW 'HPRNUDFMD L SUDZRU]รฃGQRฤณรฅ Z\Jฤ RVLฤ D 3DQL PHF 0Dฤ JRU]DWD .R]ฤ RZVND .ฤ รทN

-XELOHXV] OHFLD LVWQLHQLD 8QLZHUV\WHWX 7U]HFLHJR :LHNX 8(. VZRMรฃ REHFQRฤณFLรฃ XฤณZLHWQLOL WDNล H SURI 8(. GU KDE %HUQDUG =LรทELFNL t ']LHNDQ .ROHJLXP 1DXN R =DU]รฃG]DQLX L -DNRฤณFL PJU 0LURVฤ DZ &KHFKHOVNL t .DQFOHU] 8(. GU KDE .U]\V]WRI 0DFKDF]ND t '\UHNWRU .DQFHODULL 5HNWRUD 8(. PJU -ร ]HI $QGU]HM /DVNRZVNL

16

t .ZHVWRU 8(. RUD] SURI 8(. GU KDE $QQD 0Rล G]LHU] 3R LQDXJXUDFML ]DUร ZQR 6ฤ XFKDF]H 87: 8(. MDN L ]DSURV]HQL JRฤณFLH Z]LรทOL XG]LDฤ Z XURF]\VW\P EDQNLHFLH 8QLZHUV\WHW 7U]HFLHJR ZLHNX G]LDฤ D SU]\ 8QLZHUV\WHFLH (NRQRPLF]Q\P Z .UDNRZLH RG SDล G]LHUQLND URNX 3U]H]QDF]RQ\ MHVW GOD RVร E SRZ\ล HM URNX ล \FLD NWร UH FKFLDฤ \E\ GRNV]WDฤ FLรฅ VLรท RUD] SRV]HU]\รฅ VZRMรฃ ZLHG]รท ]Zฤ DV]F]D Z ]DNUHVLH SUREOHPDW\NL HNRQRPLF]QR VSRฤ HF]QHM 2SUร F] FRW\JRGQLRZ\FK Z\Nฤ DGร Z R ]Uร ล QLFRZDQHM WHPDW\FH SURSRQXMHP\ 6ฤ XFKDF]RP WDNล H ]DMรทFLD ] Mรท]\Nร Z REF\FK RUD] ]DMรทFLD UXFKRZH


17

wspomnienie


wydarzenia

Profesor Ludwik Mayre 6I]SW_QMK ยง ,aLIS\aS ยง ฤดWรฐVQMZb ? LVQ] TQ[\WXILI ! ZWS] _ J]LaVS] *QJTQW\MSQ /รฐ{_VMR =-3 WLJaรฐW [Qฤ ]ZWKba[\M RWZDUFLH Z\VWDZ\ SRฤณZLรทFRQHM RVRELH 3URIHVRUD /XGZLND 0D\UH _ TI\IKP ! ! ! XZIKW_VQSI VI]SW_W LaLIS\aKbVMOW ?aฤต[bMR ;bSWรฐa -SWVWUQKbVMR _ 3ZISW_QM bI[รฐ]ฤตWVMOW LTI ZWb_WR] SILZ VI]SW_aKP VI[bMR )TUI 5I\MZ ยง WXQMS]VI VI]SW_MOW XZWUW\WZI Q ZMKMVbMV\I ZWbXZI_ LWS\WZ[SQKP WZIb ZMKMVbMV\I _ XZbM_WLIKP PIJQTQ\IKaRVaKP _QMT] KbรฐWVS{_ VI[bMR [XWรฐMKbVWฤฌKQ ISILMUQKSQMR 3DWURQDW +RQRURZ\ QD Z\VWDZรฃ REMรฃฤ -HJR 0DJQLILFHQFMD 5HNWRU t SURI 8(. GU KDE LQล $QGU]HM &KRFKร ฤ

O

rJDQL]DWRUDPL Z\VWDZ\ RUD] XURF]\VWRฤณFL PDMรฃFHM QD FHOX XKRQRURZDQLH RVRE\ L ]DVฤ XJ 3URIHVRUD /XGZLND 0D\UH Vรฃ .ROHJLXP 1DXN R =DU]รฃG]DQLX L -DNRฤณFL ,QVW\WXW =DU]รฃG]DQLD .DWHGUD (NRQRPLNL L 2UJDQL]DFML 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZ RUD] .DQFHODULD 5HNWRUD t 0X]HXP 8(. :\VWDZD SUH]HQWXMH SDPLรฃWNL ]ZLรฃ]DQH

18

] GURJรฃ ]DZRGRZรฃ L ล \FLHP SU\ZDWQ\P 3URIHVRUD MDN Uร ZQLHล SXEOLNDFMH XSDPLรทWQLDMรฃFH *R Z RNUHVLH SR -HJR ฤณPLHUFL 6WDQRZL RQD Uร ZQRF]HฤณQLH MHGQR ] Z\GDU]Hฤก ZSLVXMรฃF\FK VLรท Z REFKRG\ -XELOHXV]X OHFLD QDV]HM 8F]HOQL : WUDG\FML DNDGHPLFNLHM MXELOHXV]H VWDQRZLรฃ ERZLHP RND]Mรท ]DUร ZQR GR XKRQRURZDQLD RVร E V]F]HJร OQLH ]DVฤ Xล RQ\FK GOD UR]ZRMX XF]HOQL MDN

L SU]\SRPQLHQLD KLVWRULL GRURENX L RVLรฃJQLรทรฅ Uร ล Q\FK MHGQRVWHN F]\ WHล ฤณURGRZLVN QDXNRZ\FK 2ILFMDOQHJR RWZDUFLD Z\VWDZ\ GRNRQDฤ -HJR 0DJQLILFHQFMD 5HNWRU t SURI 8(. GU KDE $QGU]HM &KRFKร ฤ NWร U\ Z VZRLP Z\VWรฃSLHQLX SRGNUHฤณOLฤ NRQLHF]QRฤณรฅ SU]\SRPLQDQLD V\OZHWHN L ]DVฤ XJ Z\ELWQ\FK SURIHVRUร Z t QDV]\FK QDXNRZ\FK PLVWU]ร Z L QDXF]\FLHOL t MDNR W\FK


โ ข

Z URNX SRGHMPXMH SUDFรท Z :\ล V]HM 6]NROH (NRQRPLF]QHM Z .UDNRZLH L SU]HQRVL VLรท ZUD] ] URG]LQรฃ QD VWDฤ H GR .UDNRZD Z ODWDFK NLHUXMH NROHMQR Z QDV]HM 8F]HOQL =HVSRฤ HP .DWHGU (NRQRPLNL 3U]HP\Vฤ X L 7HFKQRORJLL .DWHGUรฃ (NRQRPLNL 3U]HP\Vฤ X .DWHGUรฃ (NRQRPLNL 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZD 3U]HP\Vฤ RZHJR RUD] =DNฤ DGHP (NRQRPLNL L 2UJDQL]DFML 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZD 3U]HP\Vฤ RZHJR ,QVW\WXWX (NRQRPLNL 3U]HP\Vฤ X 9 ,; WM GR XNRฤกF]HQLD ODW L SU]HMฤณFLD QD HPHU\WXUรท %รทGรฃF QD HPHU\WXU]H Z GDOV]\P FLรฃJX MHVW DNW\ZQ\ QDXNRZR L G\GDNW\F]QLH Z PDFLHU]\VWHM 8F]HOQL RUD] Z $NDGHPLL *ร UQLF]R +XWQLF]HM Z .UDNRZLH : URNX RWU]\PXMH W\WXฤ QDXNRZ\ SURIHVRUD QDXN HNRQRPLF]Q\FK : ODWDFK Z\Nฤ DGD WDNล H QD %HUJDNDGHPLH ZH )UHLEHUJX ร ZF]HVQD 15' JG]LH RWU]\PXMH W\WXฤ SURIHVRUD RUD] JRGQRฤณรฅ KRQRURZHJR F]ฤ RQND 6HQDWX Z VZRMHM G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFL QDXNRZHM L G\GDNW\F]QHM ]DMPXMH VLรท Jฤ ร ZQLH SUREOHPDW\Nรฃ ]DU]รฃG]DQLD SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZHP ]H V]F]HJร OQ\P XZ]JOรทGQLHQLHP ]DJDGQLHฤก ]DU]รฃG]DQLD SURFHVDPL Z\WZร UF]\PL Z F]\P Z\NRU]\VWXMH VZRMรฃ ZLHG]รท HNRQRPLF]Qรฃ L WHFKQLF]Qรฃ RUD] SUDNW\F]QH GRฤณZLDGF]HQLD ]ZLรฃ]DQH ] ZLHORPD ODWDPL SUDF\ QD VWDQRZLVNDFK NLHURZQLF]\FK Z SU]HP\ฤณOH XPLHUD Z .UDNRZLH Z GQLX URNX VSRF]\ZD QD &PHQWDU]X 5DNRZLFNLP Z JURELH URG]LQQ\P

6\OZHWNรท SURI /XGZLND 0D\UH SU]HGโ ข VWDZLฤ .LHURZQLN .DWHGU\ (NRQRPLNL L 2UJDQL]DFML 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZ t SURI 8(. GU KDE $QGU]HM -DNL .DWHGUD WD MHVW ERZLHP EH]SRฤณUHGQLรฃ NRQW\QXDWRUNรฃ G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFL MHGQRVWHN RUJDQL]DF\MQ\FK QDV]HM 8F]HOQL NWร U\PL Z ODWDFK NLHURZDฤ SURI 0D\UH 3UH]HQWXMรฃF ERJDWรฃ ELRJUDILรท 3URIHVRUD t Z\QLNDMรฃFรฃ SRQLHNรฃG WDNล H ] F]DVร Z Z MDNLFK SU]\V]ฤ R PX ล \รฅ t ]ZUร FRQR XZDJรท QD QDVWรทSXMรฃFH GDW\ L Z\GDU]HQLD ] -HJR ล \FLRU\VX โ ข XURG]RQ\ Z :LHGQLX URNX MDNR ล Rฤ QLHU] $XVWULDFNL WUDILD QD IURQW , ZRMQ\ ฤณZLDWRZHM D SR URNX ZVWรทSXMH GR WZRU]RQHJR :RMVND 3ROVNLHJR L GR URNX NRQW\QXXMH Vฤ Xล Eรท RILFHUD :3 GRFKRG]รฃF GR VWDQRZLVND DGLXWDQWD *HQHUDOQHJR ,QVSHNWRUD $UW\OHULL JHQ -ร ]HID +DOOHUD โ ข Z URNX NRฤกF]\ ] Z\Uร ล QLHQLHP VWXGLD QD ร ZF]HVQHM $NDGHPLL *ร UQLF]HM Z .UDNRZLH REHFQLH $*+ Z .UDNRZLH X]\VNXMรฃF W\WXฤ PJU LQล PHWDOXUJD โ ข 3RF]รฃWNRZR SUDFXMH MDNR DV\VWHQW QD XF]HOQL Sร ล QLHM NRQFHQWUXMH VLรท QD SUDF\ Z SU]HP\ฤณOH KXWQLF]\P QD *ร UQ\P ฤฒOรฃVNX GRFKRG]รฃF GR VWDQRZLVND ]DVWรทSF\ G\UHNWRUD GV WHFKQLF]Q\FK +XW\ e%DWRU\r Z &KRU]RZLH โ ข Z VLHUSQLX URNX ]RVWDMH ]PRELOL]RZDQ\ GR F]\QQHM Vฤ Xล E\ ZRMVNRZHM -DNR SHฤ QRPRFQLN 0LQLVWUD 6SUDZ :RMVNRZ\FK PD ]D ]DGDQLH Z\ZLH]LHQLH QDMFHQโ ข QLHMV]\FK PDV]\Q L XU]รฃG]Hฤก ] KXW\ Z Jฤ รฃE NUDMX %LHU]H WDNล H XG]LDฤ Z NDPSDQLL ZU]HฤณQLRZHM Z $UPLL .UDMRZHM MDNR RILFHU DUW\OHULL SU]HFLZORWQLF]HM 3R XFLHF]FH : GDOV]HM F]รทฤณFL XURF]\VWRฤณFL VZRLPL ] QLHZROL SRGHMPXMH G]LDฤ DOQRฤณรฅ ZVSRPQLHQLDPL SRG]LHOLฤ VLรท ] ]HEUDNRQVSLUDF\MQรฃ Z RUJDQL]DFML 2Uฤ D Q\PL SURI GU KDE 5\V]DUG %RURZLHFNL %LDฤ HJR L =:= $. 3R DUHV]WRZDt VWXGHQW PDJLVWUDQW RUD] DV\VWHQW QLX Z URNX WUDILD GR RER]X SURI 0D\UH 3RGNUHฤณOLฤ RJURPQ\ ZNฤ DG NRQFHQWUDF\MQHJR $XVFKZLW] 3URIHVRUD Z G]LHฤ R NV]WDฤ FHQLD NDGU %LUNHQDX D ZUD] ] MHJR HZDNXQDV]HM 8F]HOQL :\SURPRZDฤ 2Q DFMรฃ GR RER]ร Z 5DYHQVEUล FN ERZLHP GRNWRUร Z ZฤณUร G NWร U\FK L %XFKHQZDOG JG]LH ]DVWDMH *R E\OL P LQ WDF\ Sร ล QLHMVL SURIHVRURZLH NRQLHF ZRMQ\ D WDNล H NLHURZQLF\ .DWHGU L =DNฤ DGร Z โ ข Z URNX ZUDFD QD *ร UQ\ QDV]HM $OPD 0DWHU MDN -HU]\ ฤฒOรฃVN t GDOHM SUDFXMH Z SU]HP\7U]FLHQLHFNL :ฤ DG\Vฤ DZ :LQLDUVNL ฤณOH D Uร ZQRF]HฤณQLH Z\Nฤ DGD QD .D]LPLHU] -DQLN =ELJQLHZ 0DUW\QLDN $NDGHPLL *ร UQLF]HM Z .UDNRZLH RUD] $QQD 1HKULQJ 'RNWRUDQWDPL L :\ล V]HM 6]NROH (NRQRPLF]QHM 3URIHVRUD E\OL WDNล H Sร ล QLHMVL Z .DWRZLFDFK

GRFHQFL SUDFRZQLF\ $*+ Z .UDNRZLH $QGU]HM '\U t WZร UFD L ZLHOROHWQL ']LHNDQ :\G]LDฤ X =DU]รฃG]DQLD $*+ Z .UDNRZLH RUD] 7DGHXV] 6]RVWDN RUD] ,QVW\WXWX (NRQRPLNL 5ROQLFWZD L *RVSRGDUNL ล \ZQRฤณFLRZHM t 3DฤกVWZRZHJR ,QVW\WXWX %DGDZF]HJR 2GG]LDฤ Z .UDNRZLH 7DGHXV] %XMDN %\ฤ Uร ZQLHล UHFHQ]HQWHP Z SU]HZRGDFK KDELOLWDF\MQ\FK X]QDQ\FK SURIHVRUร Z QDV]HM 8F]HOQL -HU]HJR 7U]FLHQLHFNLHJR (PLOD /XFKWHUD L )HUG\QDQGD 0LFKRQLD

wydarzenia

NWร U]\ QD SU]HVWU]HQL G]LHVLรทFLROHFL WZRU]\OL KLVWRULรท QDV]HJR 8QLZHUV\WHWX

: XURF]\VWRฤณFL Z]Lรทฤ D WDNล H XG]LDฤ 5RG]LQD SURI 0D\UH Fร UND 0DULD 0DFLXNLHZLF] RUD] ZQXNRZLH 3LRWU L 3DZHฤ 0DFLXNLHZLF] ZUD] ] 5RG]LQDPL : LPLHQLX 5RG]LQ\ V\OZHWNรท 3URIHVRUD t 0รทล D 2MFD L ']LDGND t ]DSUH]HQWRZDฤ -HJR :QXN 3DZHฤ 0DFLXNLHZLF] NWร U\ SU]\JRWRZDฤ Z RSDUFLX R VZRMH Z\VWรฃSLHQLH RGUรทEQ\ DUW\NXฤ ]DPLHV]F]RQ\ Z QLQLHMV]\P QXPHU]H .XULHUD 8(. 3U]\JRWRZDQLH Z\VWDZ\ ]DW\WXฤ RZDQHM 3URIHVRU /XGZLN 0D\UH t 1DXNRZLHF '\GDNW\N ล Rฤ QLHU] QLH E\ฤ RE\ PRล OLZH EH] ZVSDUFLD L ]DDQJDล RZDQLD ZLHOX RVร E : W\P PLHMVFX VNฤ DGDP VHUGHF]QH SRG]LรทNRZDQLD GOD -HJR 0DJQLILFHQFML 5HNWRUD t SURI 8(. GU KDE LQล $QGU]HMD &KRFKร ฤ D ]D REMรทFLH 3DWURQDWX QD Z\VWDZรฃ RUD] ZVSDUFLH LQLFMDW\Z\ MHM SU]\JRWRZDQLD L PRล OLZRฤณรฅ ]DDQJDล RZDQLD Z MHM UHDOL]DFMรท .DQFHODULL 5HNWRUD Z W\P V]F]HJร OQLH 0X]HXP 8(. '\UHNWRURZL .DQFHODULL 5HNWRUD GU KDE .U]\V]WRIRZL 0DFKDF]FH G]LรทNXMรท ]D ]DDQJDล RZDQLH Z SU]\JRWRZDQLH Z\VWDZ\ L XURF]\VWRฤณFL MHM RWZDUFLD 6ฤ RZD SRG]LรทNRZDQLD NLHUXMรท WDNล H SRG DGUHVHP SUDFRZQLND .DQFHODULL 5HNWRUD GU 7DGHXV]D )LODUD ]D -HJR ZNฤ DG Z SU]\JRWRZDQLH NRQFHSFML Z\VWDZ\ L MHM UHDOL]DFMรท ']LรทNXMรท 5RG]LQLH SURIHVRUD /XGZLND 0D\UH ]D XGRVWรทSQLHQLH SDPLรฃWHN URG]LQQ\FK D V]F]HJร OQH SRG]LรทNRZDQLH NLHUXMรท SRG DGUHVHP ZQXND 3URIHVRUD t 3DQD 3DZฤ D 0DFLXNLHZLF]D ]D ZVSร ฤ SUDFรท SU]\ SU]\JRWRZ\ZDQLX Z\VWDZ\ :\VWDZD MHVW GRVWรทSQD GR REHMU]HQLD GR NRฤกFD VW\F]QLD URNX Z %LEOLRWHFH *ฤ ร ZQHM 8(. t ,, SLรทWUR VDOD SURI 8(. GU KDE Andrzej Jaki .DWHGUD (NRQRPLNL L 2UJDQL]DFML 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZ ,QVW\WXW =DU]รฃG]DQLD .ROHJLXP 1DXN R =DU]รฃG]DQLX L -DNRฤณFL 8(.

19


wydarzenia

Profesor Ludwik Mayre ,bQฤ S]Rฤ +Q ,bQILS] ?I[bI 5IOVQย KMVKRW ;bIVW_VQ 8Iฤก[\_W

J

HVWHP ZQXNLHP SURI /XGZLND 0D\UH L VWDMรท WX SU]HG 3DฤกVWZHP QLH]Z\NOH Z]UXV]RQ\ L ]DV]F]\FRQ\ :]UXV]RQ\ MHVWHP SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP 3DฤกVWZD SDPLรทFLรฃ R QDV]\P ']LDGNX ZLHOROHWQLรฃ EH]LQWHUHVRZQรฃ L V]F]HUรฃ 1DSUDZGรท ] ZLHONLP Z]UXV]HQLHP ZLWDP\ 3DฤกVWZD FRURF]Qรฃ REHFQRฤณรฅ SU]\ JURELH ']LDGND L ]D WR MDNR URG]LQD 3URIHVRUD V]F]HU]H 3DฤกVWZX G]LรทNXMHP\

=DV]F]\FRQ\ MHVWHP ] NROHL W\P ล H PRJรท WXWDM SU]HG 20

FDฤ รฃ VSRฤ HF]QRฤณFLรฃ 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH SU]HGVWDZLรฅ SRVWDรฅ QDV]HJR ']LDGND SU]HGVWDZLรฅ QLH W\ONR MDNR QDXNRZFD L G\GDNW\ND DOH MDNR F]ฤ RZLHND ] NUZL L NRฤณFL ] QLHXF]HVDQรฃ Pฤ RGRฤณFLรฃ GUDPDW\F]Qรฃ KLVWRULรฃ ZRMHQQรฃ ] OLF]Q\PL SDVMDPL L ]DLQWHUHVRZDQLDPL 0\ฤณOรท ล H GHF\GXMรฃF\ ZSฤ \Z QD PRMH ล \FLH Z\ZDUฤ Zฤ DฤณQLH ']LDGHN -DNR G]LHFNR SDPLรทWDP SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP ZLHONL V]DFXQHN MDNL RWDF]Dฤ *R SRG NRQLHF ล \FLD

VSDFHU ] 1LP SR PLHฤณFLH E\ฤ GOD PQLH MDN PDUV] SR F]HUZRQ\P G\ZDQLH $NDGHPLL )LOPRZHM ]HZV]รฃG XNฤ RQ\ L Z\UD]\ V]DFXQNX L MD RQLHฤณPLHORQ\ DOH L GXPQ\ ล H WR Pร M ']LDGHN -HJR JDELQHW E\ฤ GOD PQLH QLHVNRฤกF]RQ\P ฤณZLDWHP WDMHPQLF JG]LH QLHPDO NDล G\ SU]HGPLRW VNU\ZDฤ MDNรฃฤณ IDVF\QXMรฃFรฃ KLVWRULรท 3ร ฤ PURN VWRV\ NVLรฃล HN SDPLรฃWNL ] SU]HV]ฤ RฤณFL t WDN ]DSDPLรทWDฤ HP WR PLHMVFH : QLP ']LDGHN FRฤณ SLV]รฃF\ F]\WDMรฃF\ OXE RGGDMรฃF\ VLรท WDMHPQLF]\P REU]รทGRP MDN URELHQLH PLHV]DQHN W\WRQLRZ\FK GR IDMNL


SDU]HQLH KHUEDW\ Z W\ONR VZRLFK F]DMQLF]NDFK F]\ SU]\FLQDQLH VSHFMDOQ\FK NRSHUWHN GR Zฤ DฤณQLH SR]\VNDQ\FK QRZ\FK VHULL ]QDF]Nร Z SRF]WRZ\FK = F]DVHP ]DF]รฃฤ HP SRGELHUDรฅ L SRFKฤ DQLDรฅ WH ]DNXU]RQH NVLรฃล NL ]DJฤ รทELDรฅ VLรท Z LFK RSRZLHฤณFL D V]F]HJร OQLH Z KLVWRULH ZRMHQQH 1RWDWNL QD PDUJLQHVDFK URELRQH SU]H] ']LDGND ZVND]\ZDฤ \ QD -HJR ล \Zรฃ REHFQRฤณรฅ Z ZLHONLHM KLVWRULL t WX E\ฤ HP WHJR ]QDฤ HP WR QLH E\ฤ R WDN W\ONR LQDF]HM WR E\ฤ D KLVWRULD SUDZG]LZD QDPDFDOQD ZFLรฃJDMรฃFD 3RWHP SU]\V]HGฤ F]DV QD SU]HGPLRW\ SDPLรฃWNL ']LDGND UR]U]XFRQH SR JDELQHFLH FR WR MHVW VNรฃG VLรท Z]Lรทฤ R ]QRZX ]]D NDล GHJR GURELD]JX Z\ฤ DQLDฤ D VLรท KLVWRULD ล \ZD ']Lฤณ MHVWHP KLVWRU\NLHP L DQW\NZDULXV]HP L ZLHP VNรฃG X PQLH Z]Lรทฤ D VLรท PLฤ Rฤณรฅ GR KLVWRULL RSRZLDGDQHM SU]H] DUWHIDNW\ ] SU]HV]ฤ RฤณFL t ]D WR G]LรทNXMรท &L ']LDGNX

L RER]DFK NRQFHQWUDF\MQ\FK E\ฤ F]DVHP WDNLHM Zฤ DฤณQLH SUร E\ MHGQDN ]RVWDฤ ZLHUQ\ WHM GHZL]LH NWร Uรฃ PLDฤ Z\JUDZHURZDQรฃ QD VZRMHM SROVNLHM RILFHUVNLHM V]DEOL t 8/75$ 9,7$0 +2125 SRQDG ล \FLH KRQRU 3U]Hล \FLD RNXSDF\MQH E\ฤ \ GOD 1LHJR WDN WUDXPDW\F]QH ล H QLJG\ SRWHP R QLFK QLH RSRZLDGDฤ %DUG]R QLHSHฤ QH ZVSRPQLHQLD RER]RZH XGDฤ R VLรท ]DFKRZDรฅ MHG\QLH G]LรทNL QDV]HM %DEFL NWร UD RG F]DVX GR F]DVX Z\GRE\ZDฤ D ] ']LDGND MDNรฃฤณ RSRZLHฤณรฅ L VDPD Mรฃ GOD QDV ]DSLV\ZDฤ D Z VSHFMDOQ\P ]HV]\FLH -HJR ZLHONรฃ SDVMรฃ E\ฤ R ล HJODUVWZR ]DUร ZQR SU]HG ZRMQรฃ MDN L SR QLHM F]DVHP RG]\ZDฤ VLรท Z 1LP ]HZ PRU]D L SรทG]Lฤ ZWHG\ QDG %Dฤ W\N F]\ QD 0D]XU\ DE\ SRF]Xรฅ GXFKD $GPLUDฤ D

1D NRQLHF PXV]รท VLรท SU]\]QDรฅ ล H SU]\JRWRZDQLH WHM RSRZLHฤณFL R ']LDGNX VSUDZLฤ R PL RJURPQD SU]\MHPQRฤณรฅ ]Qร Z SRF]Xฤ HP VLรท WDN MDNE\P WR ] 1LP VSรทG]Lฤ WHQ F]DV %DUG]R 3DฤกVWZX G]LรทNXMรท PJU 3DZHฤ 0DFLXNLHZLF] KLVWRU\N DQW\NZDULXV]

wydarzenia

'LFNPDQD MDN VDP R W\P SLVDฤ Z ล HJODUVNLFK UHODFMDFK .RFKDฤ IRWRJUDILรท L DSDUDW\ IRWRJUDILF]QH FR G]Lฤณ SR]ZDOD QDP SR]QDรฅ *R EOLล HM G]LรทNL ]DFKRZDQ\P ]GMรทFLRP 6DPRFKRG\ ]QDF]NL SRF]WRZH WR WHล E\ฤ \ -HJR QDPLรทWQRฤณFL 'R ZV]\VWNLFK VZRLFK ]DLQWHUHVRZDฤก SRGFKRG]Lฤ Z VSRVร E QLH]Z\NOH ]RUJDQL]RZDQ\ FR PRล H G]LZLรฅ ]QDMรฃF -HJR QLHXVWDWNRZDQรฃ Pฤ RGRฤณรฅ L WR ล H Z ล DGQHM ]H V]Nร ฤ QLH ]DJU]Dฤ ]D Gฤ XJR PLHMVFD QLH E\ฤ ERZLHP ZWHG\ Z]RUHP SLOQRฤณFL 'RSLHUR SRGREQR ZRMVNR Z MDNLฤณ VSRVร E *R XSRU]รฃGNRZDฤ R 7R ]RUJDQL]RZDQLH ZVSDQLDOH ZLGDรฅ NLHG\ SDWU]\P\ QD DOEXP\ ILODWHOLVW\F]QH NWร UH VDP SU]\JRWRZ\ZDฤ 6รฃ Z QLFK VWDUDQQRฤณรฅ L ]QDMRPRฤณรฅ WHPDWX 3U]H] ZLรทNV]รฃ F]รทฤณรฅ ล \FLD WRZDU]\V]\ฤ D 0X Z\WUZDOH QDV]D %DEFLD EรทGรฃF FLFKรฃ ERKDWHUNรฃ W\FK ]Z\Nฤ \FK L W\FK GUDPDW\F]Q\FK KLVWRULL %\OLฤณP\ ZV]\VF\ EDUG]R V]F]รทฤณOLZL NLHG\ PRJOLฤณP\ REFKRG]Lรฅ LFK ]ฤ RWH JRG\ Z URNX

8URF]\VWRฤณรฅ RWZDUFLD Z\VWDZ\ ]GM 6\OZLD &KDFLฤกVND

8URF]\VWRฤณรฅ RWZDUFLD Z\VWDZ\ .LHURZQLN .DWHGU\ (NRQRPLNL L 2UJDQL]DFML 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZ 8(. t SURI 8(. GU KDE $QGU]HM -DNL ] 5RG]LQรฃ 3URIHVRUD 0D\UH

: Z\VWDZLH NWร Uรฃ WXWDM SU]\JRWRZDOLฤณP\ ] 3DQHP GU 7DGHXV]HP )LODUHP VWDUDOLฤณP\ VLรท SRND]Dรฅ 3URI /XGZLND 0D\UH QLH W\ONR MDNR DNDGHPLND DOH MDNR F]ฤ RZLHND DNW\ZQHJR SRV]XNXMรฃFHJR VWDMรฃFHJR SU]HG Uร ล Q\PL F]DVHP QLH]Z\NOH WUXGQ\PL Z\ERUDPL 3ROVNRฤณรฅ E\ฤ D WDNLP Zฤ DฤณQLH Z\ERUHP 8URG]Lฤ VLรท SU]HFLHล Z :LHGQLX Z URG]LQLH ZLHORQDURGRZRฤณFLRZHM W\SRZHM GOD 0RQDUFKLL DOH WHPX Z\ERURZL SR]RVWDฤ GR NRฤกFD ZLHUQ\ QD GREUH L QD ]ฤ H :LHUQ\ PLPR QDMFLรทล V]\FK SUร E NWร U\P ]RVWDฤ SRGGDQ\ 3RE\W Z QLHPLHFNLFK ZLรท]LHQLDFK 21


wydarzenia

Konferencja TBP _ 1V[\a\]KQM 6I]S W 2ISWĬKQ Q BIZbĊLbIVQI 8ZWL]S\MU ? LVQIKP TQ[\WXILI ! Z VI =VQ_MZ[a\MKQM -SWVWUQKbVaU _ 3ZISW_QM WLJaðI [QĔ \ZbMKQI MLaKRI SWVNMZMVKRQ VI]SW_MR b KaST] e7RZDUR]QDZVWZR Z EDGDQLDFK L SUDNW\FH &RPPRGLW\ 6FLHQFH LQ 5HVHDUFK DQG 3UDFWLFHr XWL \a\]ðMU" ¶6I]SQ W RISWĬKQ _WJMK _ab_Iġ QVVW_IKaRVMR OW[XWLIZSQ Q bZ{_VW_IĵWVMOW ZWb_WR]ª 7ZOIVQbI\WZMU SWVNMZMVKRQ Jað 1V[\a\]\ 6I]S W 2ISWĬKQ Q BIZbĊLbIVQI 8ZWL]S\MU =-3 WZIb 8WT[SQM <W_IZba[\_W <W_IZWbVI_KbM

C

HOHP NRQIHUHQFML E\ğR VWZRU]HQLH SU]HVWU]HQL GR G\VNXVML QDG ]DJDGQLHQLDPL GRW\F]ãF\PL Z\NRU]\VWDQLD SRWHQFMDğX QDXN R MDNRijFL ZH ZVSÐğF]HVQHM JRVSRGDUFH RSDUWHM QD ]UÐZQRZDőRQ\P UR]ZRMX RUD] GR Z\PLDQ\ LQIRUPDFML QD WHPDW LQLFMDW\Z EDGDZF]\FK UHDOL]RZDQ\FK Z ZLRGãF\FK RijURGNDFK QDXNRZ\FK UHSUH]HQWXMãF\FK QDXNL R MDNRijFL GDZQLHM WRZDUR]QDZVWZR .RQIHUHQFMD XPRőOLZLğD UÐZQLHő

22

VWZRU]HQLH IRUXP G\VNXV\MQHJR SU]HGVWDZLFLHOL ijZLDWD QDXNL L SUDNW\NL 3URJUDP QDXNRZ\ NRQIHUHQFML REHMPRZDğ QDVW÷SXMãFH SDQHOH WHPDW\F]QH • LQQRZDF\MQRijå Z NV]WDğWRZDQLX MDNRijFL Z\UREÐZ L XVğXJ • EH]SLHF]HġVWZR SURGXNWÐZ L RFKURQD NRQVXPHQWD • ]UÐZQRZDőRQ\ UR]ZÐM D MDNRijå ő\FLD • NOLHQW ZH ZVSÐğF]HVQHM JRVSRGDUFH

MDNRijå L MHJR UROD QD U\QNX % % L % &

8URF]\VWHJR RWZDUFLD NRQIHUHQFML GRNRQDğ -HJR 0DJQLILFHQFMD 5HNWRU 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH SURI 8(. GU KDE LQő $QGU]HM &KRFKÐğ 1DVW÷SQLH JğRV ]DEUDğ ']LHNDQ .ROHJLXP 1DXN R =DU]ãG]DQLX L -DNRijFL SURI 8(. GU KDE %HUQDUG =L÷ELFNL RUD] '\UHNWRU ,QVW\WXWX 1DXN R -DNRijFL


: ]ZLรฃ]NX ] SU]\SDGDMรฃF\P MXELOHXV]HP OHFLD SUDF\ ]DZRGRZHM SURI GU KDE 6WDQLVฤ DZD 7NDF]\ND SURI 8(. GU KDE LQล $JQLHV]ND &KROHZD :ร MFLN Z\Jฤ RVLฤ D ODXGDFMรท SR NWร UHM SURI 8(. GU KDE :DQGD .XGHฤ ND RGF]\WDฤ D SRG]LรทNRZDQLD GOD 3URIHVRUD RG FDฤ HM VSRฤ HF]QRฤณFL DNDGHPLFNLHM ,QVW\WXWX 1DXN R -DNRฤณFL L =DU]รฃG]DQLD 3URGXNWHP RUD] ZUรทF]\ฤ D SDPLรฃWNRZ\ G\SORP :\Nฤ DG\ LQDXJXUDF\MQH Z\Jฤ RVLOL SURI GU KDE 7DGHXV] 6LNRUD NWร U\ ]DSUH]HQWRZDฤ Z\VWรฃSLHQLH SW 2G EUDNDU]D GR 7RWDO 4XDOLW\ 0DQDJHPHQWr RUD] SURI 87+ 0Dฤ JRU]DWD /RWNR NWร UD SU]HGVWDZLฤ D Z\Nฤ DG SW 7RZDUR]QDZVWZR Z GURG]H GR QDXN R ]DU]รฃG]DQLX L MDNRฤณFL : NRQIHUHQFML Z]Lรทฤ R XG]LDฤ XF]HVWQLNร Z ] RฤณURGNร Z QDXNRZ\FK ] NUDMX P LQ ] %LDฤ HJRVWRNX *G\QL *GDฤกVND *OLZLF .URVQD /XEOLQD ฤ RG]L 2OV]W\QD 3R]QDQLD 5DGRPLD 5]HV]RZD :DUV]DZ\ :URFฤ DZLD =LHORQHM *ร U\ RUD] ] RฤณURGNร Z ] ]DJUDQLF\ %LDฤ RUXVL 6ฤ RZDFML :ฤ RFK : FLรฃJX WU]HFK GQL REUDG RGE\ฤ \ VLรท F]WHU\ SOHQDUQH

VHVMH UHIHUDWRZH R QDVWรทSXMรฃFHM WHPDW\FH e,QQRZDF\MQRฤณรฅ Z NV]WDฤ WRZDQLX MDNRฤณFLr e-DNRฤณรฅ SURGXNWร Z L RFKURQD NRQVXPHQWD QD SROVNLP U\QNXr e:\EUDQH ]DJDGQLHQLD QDXN R MDNRฤณFL Z EDGDQLDFK Pฤ RG\FK QDXNRZFร Zr e-DNRฤณรฅ ZREHF RF]HNLZDฤก NRQVXPHQWร Z RUD] Z\PDJDฤก ZVSร ฤ F]HVQHM JRVSRGDUNLr 3RGF]DV GZร FK VHVML SRVWHURZ\FK ]DSUH]HQWRZDQR SRVWHUร Z Z IRUPLH SUH]HQWDFML PXOWLPHGLDOQHM GDMรฃF W\P VDP\P SU]\Nฤ DG ]Uร ZQRZDล RQHJR SRGHMฤณFLD GR SUH]HQWRZDQLD RVLรฃJQLรทรฅ QDXNRZ\FK :Dล Q\P SXQNWHP NRQIHUHQFML E\ฤ SDQHO G\VNXV\MQ\ SW e5ROD L PLHMVFH QDXN R MDNRฤณFL Z QRZHM NODV\ILNDFML G]LHG]LQ L G\VF\SOLQ QDXNRZ\FKr SURZDG]RQ\ SU]H] SURI 8(. GU KDE LQล 5HQDWรท 6DOHUQR .RFKDQ 'HEDWD RGE\ฤ D VLรท ] XG]LDฤ HP ]DSURV]RQ\FK JRฤณFL SU]HGVWDZLFLHOL RฤณURGNร Z QDXNRZ\FK Z NWร U\FK ZF]HฤณQLHM UR]ZLMDQR G\VF\SOLQรท 7RZDUR]QDZVWZR RUD] VSHFMDOQHJR JRฤณFLD SURI GU KDE :RMFLHFKD &]DNRQD F]ฤ RQND 5DG\ 'RVNRQDฤ RฤณFL 1DXNRZHM Z G\VF\SOLQLH QDXNL R ]DU]รฃG]DQLX L MDNRฤณFL &HOHP GHEDW\ E\ฤ R SR]QDQLH RSLQLL RVร E UHSUH]HQWXMรฃF\FK Uร ล QH RฤณURGNL QDXNRZH L REV]DU\ EDGDZF]H ] ]DNUHVX WRZDUR]QDZVWZD RUD] Z\PLDQD SRJOรฃGร Z QD QDVWรทSXMรฃFH ]DJDGQLHQLD V]F]HJร ฤ RZH

โ ข

โ ข

โ ข

5ROD WRZDUR]QDZVWZD MDNR QDXNL R MDNRฤณFL L MHM PLHMVFH Z QRZHM G\VF\SOLQLH .LHUXQNL EDGDฤก L V]DQVH UR]ZRMX QDXN R MDNRฤณFL Z REV]DU]H QDXN VSRฤ HF]Q\FK =DJURล HQLD GOD UR]ZRMX QDXN R MDNRฤณFL Z\QLNDMรฃFH ] ZSURZDG]HQLD QRZHM NODV\ILNDFML G]LHG]LQ L G\VF\SOLQ QDXNRZ\FK

wydarzenia

L =DU]รฃG]DQLD 3URGXNWHP SURI 8(. GU KDE :DQGD .XGHฤ ND

: WUDNFLH GHEDW\ ]ZUร FRQR XZDJรท P LQ QD NRQLHF]QRฤณรฅ UHGHILQLFML REV]DUX PHU\WRU\F]QHJR VXEG\VF\SOLQ\ eQDXNL R MDNRฤณFLr RUD] XZ]JOรทGQLHQLD MHM Z ZLรทNV]\P QLล REHFQLH ]DNUHVLH Z NODV\ILNDFML e6XEG\VF\SOLQ\ Z QDXNDFK R ]DU]รฃG]DQLX L MDNRฤณFL r ]DSURSRQRZDQHM SU]H] ฤณURGRZLVNR QDXNRZFร Z Z\ZRG]รฃF\FK VLรท ] REV]DUX QDXN R ]DU]รฃG]DQLX 1DXNRZH RVLรฃJQLรทFLD XF]HVWQLNร Z .RQIHUHQFML ]RVWDฤ \ RSXEOLNRZDQH Z IRUPLH NVLรฃล NL DEVWUDNWร Z RUD] WHPDW\F]Q\FK PRQRJUDILL โ ข

โ ข

e,QQRZDFMH Z NV]WDฤ WRZDQLX MDNRฤณFL SURGXNWร Z ล \ZQRฤณFLRZ\FKr SRG UHG 0Dฤ JRU]DW\ 0LฤณQLDNLHZLF] e,QQRZDF\MQRฤณรฅ MDNR QDU]รทG]LH NUHRZDQLD MDNRฤณFLr SRG UHG $JQLHV]NL &KROHZD :ร MFLN L $JQLHV]NL .DZHFNLHM

23


wydarzenia

โ ข

โ ข

โ ข

โ ข

24

e-DNRฤณรฅ SURGXNWร Z SU]HP\Vฤ RZ\FK t Z\EUDQH DVSHNW\r SRG UHG -HU]HJR 6]DNLHOD L 3DZฤ D 7XUND e-DNRฤณรฅ ZREHF Z\PDJDฤก ZVSร ฤ F]HVQHJR U\QNXr SRG UHG 0DUFLQD *รทEDURZVNLHJR L 0DUND -DEฤ RฤกVNLHJR e.RQVXPHQW QD U\QNX ล \ZQRฤณFL t SUHIHUHQFMH RSLQLH WUHQG\r SRG UHG 0LFKDฤ D +DODJDUG\ e1DXNL R ]DU]รฃG]DQLX L MDNRฤณFL ZREHF Z\]ZDฤก ]Uร ZQRZDล RQHJR UR]ZRMXr SRG UHG 5HQDW\ 6DOHUQR .RFKDQ

8F]HVWQLF\ NRQIHUHQFML RSUร F] XG]LDฤ X Z VHVMDFK QDXNRZ\FK PLHOL Uร ZQLHล RND]Mรท REHMU]Hรฅ V]WXNรท WHDWUDOQรฃ Z WHDWU]H %DJDWHOD SW e&]HJR QLH ZLGDรฅr RUD] SRF]Xรฅ NOLPDW .UDNRZD SRGF]DV NRODFML ]RUJDQL]RZDQHM Z FHQWUXP PLDVWD 1DG SU]\JRWRZDQLHP .RQIHUHQFML L MHM VSUDZQรฃ UHDOL]DFMรฃ SUDFRZDOL F]ฤ RQNRZLH .RPLWHWX 2UJDQL]DF\MQHJR SRG SU]HZRGQLFWZHP SURI 8(. GU KDE LQล 5HQDW\ 6DOHUQR .RFKDQ Z VNฤ DG]LH SURI 8(. GU KDE LQล $JQLHV]ND &KROHZD :ร MFLN RUD] GU LQล $JQLHV]ND .DZHFND t VHNUHWDU]H SURI

8(. GU KDE 0DUFLQ *รทEDURZVNL SURI 8(. GU KDE LQล 0LFKDฤ +DODJDUGD GU LQล -HU]\ 6]DNLHO GU LQล 3DZHฤ 7XUHN RUD] SURI 8(. GU KDE LQล $UWXU :RODN 3DUWQHUDPL NRQIHUHQFML E\ฤ \ ]DSU]\MDล QLRQH ] ,QVW\WXWHP ILUP\ WM 0LHMVNLH 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZR :RGRFLรฃJร Z L .DQDOL]DFML 6 $ Z .UDNRZLH :DZHO 6 $ RUD] %DKOVHQ 3ROVND RUD] 8U]รฃG 0LDVWD .UDNRZD NWร U\ ZVSDUฤ ILQDQVRZR .RQIHUHQFMรท 7%3 MDNR ODXUHDWD NRQNXUVX e.UDNRZVNLH NRQIHUHQFMH QDXNRZHr 3DWURQDW PHGLDOQ\ QDG .RQIHUHQFMรฃ VSUDZRZDฤ \ GZD F]DVRSLVPD QDXNRZH e3U]HJOรฃG 2UJDQL]DFMLr e7RZDUR]QDZF]H 3UREOHP\ MDNRฤณFL 3ROLVK -RXUQDO RI &RPPRGLW\ 6FLHQFHr RUD] e7KH &,' *URXSr .RQIHUHQFMD RGHJUDฤ D ZDล Qรฃ UROรท QLH W\ONR QD SROX Z\PLDQ\ SRJOรฃGร Z RUD] GRฤณZLDGF]Hฤก SRPLรทG]\ OXGล PL QDXNL L EL]QHVX QD WHPDW PRล OLZRฤณFL Z\NRU]\VWDQLD SRWHQFMDฤ X QDXN R MDNRฤณFL Z Z\]ZDQLDFK ZVSร ฤ F]HVQHJR ฤณZLDWD DOH L SU]\F]\QLฤ D VLรท GR ]DFLHฤณQLHQLD GRW\FKF]DVRZHM RUD] QDZLรฃ]DQLD QRZHM ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ 3URI 8(. GU KDE LQล Agnieszka Cholewa-Wรณjcik =GMรทFLD 'U LQล 3DZHฤ 7XUHN Piotr Malec


wydarzenia

Financial Repression and Growth ,VQI TQ[\WXILI JZ _ ;\IZMR )]TQ _ *]LaVS] /รฐ{_VaU =-3 WLJaรฐ [Qฤ Z\Nฤ DG GUD 0DUFR 3DQL ] 0LรทG]\QDURGRZHJR )XQGXV]X :DOXWRZHJR

Z

LQLFMDW\Z\ ']LHNDQD .ROHJLXP (NRQRPLL )LQDQVร Z L 3UDZD 3URI 8(. GU KDE 0DULXV]D $QGU]HMHZVNLHJR OLVWRSDGD EU Z 6WDUHM $XOL Z %XG\QNX *ฤ ร ZQ\P 8(. RGE\ฤ VLรท Z\Nฤ DG GU 0DUFR 3DQL ] 0LรทG]\QDURGRZHJR )XQGXV]X :DOXWRZHJR SW )LQDQFLDO 5HSUHVVLRQ DQG *URZWK ] XG]LDฤ HP GU 0DUND 0LFKDOVNLHJR ] &DWKROLF 8QLYHUVLW\ RI $PHULFD :DVKLQJWRQ ' & 6SRWNDQLH ]DLQDXJXURZDฤ R QRZ\ F\NO 6HPLQDULร Z 1DXNRZ\FK .ROHJLXP (NRQRPLL )LQDQVร Z L 3UDZD EรทGรฃF\ NRQW\QXDFMรฃ SRGREQHJR SU]HGVLรทZ]LรทFLD UHDOL]RZDQHJR QD E\ฤ \P :\G]LDOH )LQDQVร Z L 3UDZD : Z\GDU]HQLX XG]LDฤ Z]LรทOL Z\Nฤ DGRZF\ RUD] OLF]QH JURQR VWXGHQWร Z QDV]HM XF]HOQL Z W\P WDNล H VWXGHQFL ] SURJUDPX (UDVPXV : WUDNFLH Z\Nฤ DGX GU 3DQL ZVND]\ZDฤ ล H QLHGDZQD LQWHUZHQFMD U]รฃGX Z FHOX UHJXODFML VWร S SURFHQWRZ\FK EDQNร Z QS %ROLZLD .HQLD Rล \ZLฤ D GHEDWรท QD WHPDW UROL U]รฃGX Z VHNWRU]H ILQDQVRZ\P &KRFLDล LVWQLHMH RJร OQ\ NRQVHQVXV FR GR WHJR ล H U]รฃG SRZLQLHQ RGJU\ZDรฅ V]F]HJร OQรฃ UROรท Z VHNWRU]H ILQDQVRZ\P ]H Z]JOรทGX QD MHJR V\VWHPRZ\ ZSฤ \Z QD UHV]Wรท JRVSRGDUNL SRMDZLD VLรท G\OHPDW F]\ UROD WD SRZLQQD RJUDQLF]Dรฅ VLรท MHG\QLH GR XVWDQDZLDQLD ]DVDG RVWURล QRฤณFLRZ\FK L QDG]RURZDQLD LFK HJ]HNZRZDQLD 3R]D W\P LVWQLHMรฃ REDZ\ ล H

LQWHUZHQFMD U]รฃGX PDMรฃFD QD FHOX ]PLDQรท LORฤณFL L NLHUXQNX ]DVREร Z SU]HSฤ \ZDMรฃF\FK SU]H] VHNWRU ILQDQVRZ\ PRล H VSRZRGRZDรฅ QLHHIHNW\ZQRฤณรฅ L VWUDW\ 'DOHM GU 3DQL RGQRWRZDฤ ล H UHSUHVMH ILQDQVRZH SUDZQH RJUDQLF]HQLD VWร S SURFHQWRZ\FK DORNDFML NUHG\WX SU]HSฤ \Zร Z NDSLWDฤ X L LQQ\FK RSHUDFML ILQDQVRZ\FK E\ฤ \ V]HURNR VWRVRZDQH Z SU]HV]ฤ RฤณFL DOH Z GXล HM PLHU]H ]RVWDฤ \ SRU]XFRQH QD IDOL OLEHUDOL]DFML ODW SRQLHZDล SRSDUFLH GOD SROLW\NL LQWHUZHQFMRQLVW\F]QHM XVWรฃSLฤ R PLHMVFD QRZHM NRQFHSFML U]รฃGX MDNR EH]VWURQQHJR VรทG]LHJR 5HSUHVMH ILQDQVRZH ZUร FLฤ \ GR SRU]รฃGNX G]LHQQHJR ZUD] ]H Z]URVWHP Gฤ XJX SXEOLF]QHJR SR JOREDOQ\P NU\]\VLH ILQDQVRZ\P D QLHNWร UH

NUDMH SRQRZQLH ZSURZDG]Lฤ \ SXฤ DS\ DGPLQLVWUDF\MQH VWร S SURFHQWRZ\FK :\SDF]DMรฃF ]DFKรทW\ L V\JQDฤ \ U\QNRZH UHSUHVMH ILQDQVRZH SRZRGXMรฃ VWUDW\ Z\QLNDMรฃFH ] QLHHIHNW\ZQRฤณFL L SRV]XNLZDQLD UHQW\ NWร UH QLH Vรฃ ฤ DWZH GR RV]DFRZDQLD : WUDNFLH Z\VWรฃSLHQLD GU 3DQL ZUD] ] GU 0LFKDOVNLP ]DSUH]HQWRZDOL Z\QLNL Zฤ DVQ\FK EDGDฤก Z NWร U\FK SRGMรทWD ]RVWDฤ D SUร ED RFHQ\ QLHNWร U\FK ] W\FK VWUDW SRSU]H] RV]DFRZDQLH ZSฤ \ZX UHSUHVML ILQDQVRZ\FK QD Z]URVW SU]\ Xล \FLX ]DNWXDOL]RZDQHJR ZVNDล QLND NRQWUROL VWร S SURFHQWRZ\FK REHMPXMรฃFHJR G]LHZLรทรฅG]LHVLรฃW NUDMร Z Z FLรฃJX ODW 3R Z\VWรฃSLHQLDFK SUHOHJHQWร Z ]DGDQR S\WDQLD GRW\F]รฃFH UROL SDฤกVWZD L EDQNร Z FHQWUDOQ\FK Z UHDNFML QD SRMDZLDMรฃFH VLรท ]PLDQ\ Z RWRF]HQLX JRVSRGDUF]\P RUD] NU\]\V\ HNRQRPLF]QR ILQDQVRZH 6SRWNDQLH ]DNRฤกF]\ฤ D GU .DWDU]\QD 6WDEU\ฤ D &KXG]LR G]LรทNXMรฃF JRฤณFLRP L Vฤ XFKDF]RP ]D SU]\MรทFLH ]DSURV]HQLD L ZVSร OQรฃ GHEDWรท -HGQRF]HฤณQLH ]DSURV]RQR SU]\E\ฤ \FK QD NROHMQH VHPLQDULD QDXNRZH Z UDPDFK F\NOX RUJDQL]RZDQHJR SU]H] .ROHJLXP (NRQRPLL )LQDQVร Z L 3UDZD 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH GU .DWDU]\QD 6WDEU\ฤ D &KXG]LR GU Tomasz Jedynak

25


wydarzenia

+b_IZ\I ZMSWZLW_I MLaKRI Open Eyes Economy Summit _ 3ZISW_QM ]KbM[\VQS{_ Q U{_K{_ b SWV\aVMV\{_ [XW\SIรฐW [Qฤ _ 3ZISW_QM 0LรทG]\QDURGRZ\ NRQJUHV HNRQRPLL ZDUWRฤณFL t 2SHQ (\HV (FRQRP\ 6XPPLW LWJQMOรฐ SWฤกKI bW[\I_QIRฤ K XW [WJQM VQM \aTSW _IฤตVM WLXW_QMLbQ VI

V]Z\]Rฤ KM Xa\IVQI ITM XZbMLM _[ba[\SQU QLMITQ[\{_ S\{Zba XZIOVฤ bUQMVQIฤ ฤฌ_QI\ VI TMX[bM

D

ZD GQL Z\SHฤ QLRQH NRQVWUXNW\ZQ\PL UR]PRZDPL Z\PLDQรฃ P\ฤณOL GRฤณZLDGF]Hฤก RUD] LQVSLUXMรฃF\FK VSRWNDฤก ] OXGล PL RWZDUW\PL QD GLDORJ L VLHELH QDZ]DMHP : &HQWUXP .RQJUHVRZ\P ,&( .UDNร Z Z\ELWQL VSHFMDOLฤณFL Z Uร ล Q\FK G]LHG]LQ GHEDWRZDOL QD WHPDW\ QXUWXMรฃFH

26

ZVSร ฤ F]HVQH VSRฤ HF]HฤกVWZD WDNLH MDN ]PLDQ\ NOLPDW\F]QH RYHUWRXULVP WHFKQRORJLD RGSRZLHG]LDOQRฤณรฅ Z EUDQล \ WHNVW\OQHM U\QHN SUDF\ F]\ ZDUWRฤณFL VSRฤ HF]QH 5R]PRZ\ WRF]\ฤ \ VLรท Z F]WHUHFK EORNDFK WHPDW\F]Q\FK ),50$ ,'($ 0$5.$ t .8/785$ 0,$672 ,'($ RUD] ฤ $' 0,รถ'=<1$52'2:<

t &KFรท XF]\QLรฅ SU]HVฤ DQLHP ]GDQLH NWร UH SU]\SRPQLDฤ DUF\ELVNXS *U]HJRU] 5\ฤณ D NWร UHJR DXWRUHP MHVW NV -ร ]HI 7LVFKQHU t e6ROLGDUQRฤณรฅ MHVW PRล OLZD W\ONR PLรทG]\ OXGล PL VXPLHQLDr 7R MHVW VSRMU]HQLH QD SUREOHP ]QDF]HQLD ZDUWRฤณFL Z LQQ\P NRQWHNฤณFLH QLล WHQ R NWร U\P P\ QRUPDOQLH


8URF]\VWHPX RWZDUFLX NRQJUHVX WRZDU]\V]\ฤ R Sฤ RPLHQQH Z\VWรฃSLHQLH $OEHUWR $FRVW\ t E\ฤ HJR 0LQLVWUD (QHUJHW\NL L *ร UQLFWZD (NZDGRUX t NWร U\ VZRLPL G]LDฤ DQLDPL QD U]HF] 3DUNX 1DURGRZHJR <DVXQร QLH W\ONR Z VZRLP NUDMX DOH L QD FDฤ \P ฤณZLHFLH VWDฤ VLรท V\PEROHP ZDONL Z REURQLH QDWXU\ : VZRMHM PRZLH RWZDUFLD ]ZUร FLฤ XZDJรท QD RGSRZLHG]LDOQRฤณรฅ ]D GREUR ZVSร OQH RUD] QDZRฤ \ZDฤ E\ RWZRU]\รฅ RF]\ L VHUFD 6HVML LQDXJXUXMรฃFHM WRZDU]\V]\ฤ \ Uร ZQLHล SU]HPร ZLHQLD 1DQF\ *LWKDLJD ] ::) .HQLD RUD] SURI $QGUHDV 1RY\ ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z :LHGQLX 1D VFHQLH SRMDZLฤ VLรท Uร ZQLHล 'DYLG 7KURVE\ S\WDMรฃF SU]HZURWQLH F]\ HNRQRPLD MHVW Z VWDQLH SRZLHG]LHรฅ QDP FRฤณ Xล \WHF]QHJR" 2JURPQ\P ]DLQWHUHVRZDQLHP FLHV]\ฤ \ VLรท VHVMH :DUWRฤณFL L LFK

Mรท]\NRZH UHSUH]HQWDFMH Z SHUVZD]ML SXEOLF]QHM SURI -HU]HJR %UDOF]\ND &]\ FKFLZRฤณรฅ MHVW GREUD" 6]\PRQD +Rฤ RZQL RUD] 7Uร MJฤ RV R 7Uร MPLHฤณFLH ] XG]LDฤ HP 3UH]\GHQWร Z 6RSRWX *G\QL RUD] 3UH]\GHQW *GDฤกVND PRGHURZDQD SU]H] 0DWHXV]D =P\ฤณORQHJR 3RGF]DV NRQJUHVX RGE\ฤ \ VLรท Uร ZQLHล NRQIURQWDFMH Z W]Z EDWWOH SRLQWpDFK JG]LH ]Dล DUWรฃ G\VNXVMรท SURZDG]LOL P LQ $OHNVDQGHU 6PRODU /XGZLN 'RUQ %DUWฤ RPLHM 6LHQNLHZLF] .U]\V]WRI ฤ DSLฤกVNL NV $GDP %RQLHFNL RUD] SURI 0DJGDOHQD ฤฒURGD 3RGF]DV WHJRURF]QHM HG\FML 2((6 RUJDQL]DWRU]\ ]DSUH]HQWRZDOL NROHMQH QXPHU\ Z\GDZQLFWZ 2((6 t 2SHQ (\HV %RRN RUD] e2SHQ (\HV 0DJD]LQH r .Dล G\ ] XF]HVWQLNร Z RWU]\PDฤ Uร ZQLHล ]HVWDZ LGHDOLVW\ NWร U\ VNฤ DGDฤ VLรท ] FHUW\ILNRZDQHM NRV]XONL ] QDSLVHP e,'($OLVWNDr OXE e,'($OLVWDr WRUE\ ] EDZHฤ Q\ )DLUWUDGH RUD] ELGRQX Z\SURGXNRZDQHJR QD ED]LH WU]FLQ\ FXNURZHM t 2SHQ (\HV (FRQRP\ 6XPPLW WR ZLHONL ZLU t MDN SRZLHG]LDฤ MHGHQ ] QDV]\FK XF]HVWQLNร Z :LU NWร U\ ZFLรฃJD DQJDล XMH L QDSUDZGรท FRฤณ ]PLHQLD : IDVF\QXMรฃF\ VSRVร E PLHV]DMรฃ VLรท Z QLP W\VLรฃFH P\ฤณOรฃF\FK OXG]L ] ZV]HONLFK PRล OLZ\FK ฤณURGRZLVN EUDQล L G\VF\SOLQ t SRGVXPRZDฤ 0DWHXV] =P\ฤณORQ\ '\UHNWRU .UHDW\ZQ\ 2((6 2SUร F] V]F]\WX FR URNX RGE\ZD VLรท 2SHQ (\HV )HVWLYDO F]\OL SURMHNW\ DUW\VW\F]QH RUJDQL]RZDQH ZRNร ฤ

wydarzenia

G\VNXWXMHP\ %R P\ G\VNXWXMHP\ R F]\Pฤณ FR MHVW EDUG]LHM ]ELRURZH ER MHVW ]ZLรฃ]DQH ] G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFLรฃ JRVSRGDUF]รฃ 7X PDP\ RGQLHVLHQLH GR RVRE\ EDUG]LHM LQG\ZLGXDOQH EDUG]LHM Zฤ DVQH RVRELVWH $OH Z\GDMH PL VLรท ล H WU]HED WR ]ZLรฃ]Dรฅ F]\OL SRND]Dรฅ ล H P\ SRWU]HEXMHP\ GOD HNRQRPLL ZDUWRฤณFL VROLGDUQRฤณFL Z UR]ZRMX DOH MHฤณOL WD VROLGDUQRฤณรฅ PD VLรท VWDZDรฅ WR MHVW PRล OLZD SRPLรทG]\ OXGล PL VXPLHQLD /XGล PL NWร U]\ HW\F]Q\ Z\PLDU VZRMHJR G]LDฤ DQLD WUDNWXMรฃ ]D Uร ZQLH ZDล Q\ MDN NDล G\ LQQ\ t Pร ZLฤ R HNRQRPLL ZDUWRฤณFL SURI -HU]\ +DXVQHU 3U]HZRGQLF]รฃF\ 5DG\ 3URJUDPRZHM 2((6

NRQJUHVX : UDPDFK WHJRURF]QHM HG\FML E\ฤ R WR PLรทG]\ LQQ\PL Z\VWDZD e:LHVฤ DZ '\PQ\ -HVWHP UDQQ\ F]ฤ RZLHN 3LVDU] DNWRU PDODU]r VSHNWDNO SW e'\PQ\r Z UHล \VHULL .U]\V]WRID 0DWHUQ\ VHVMD SW $UW\VWD ]PLHQLD ฤณZLDW t 0DXU\F\ *RPXOLFNL NWร UHM WRZDU]\V]\ฤ D SUH]HQWDFMD SUDF DUW\VW\ Z\VWDZD e3U]HVWU]Hฤก GOD V]WXNLr 5\V]DUGD 2WUรทE\ RUD] SURMHNFMD ILOPX e.OรฃWZD 2EILWRฤณFLr SRฤ รฃF]RQD ]D VSRWNDQLHP ] (Zรฃ (ZDUW L $OEHUWR $FRVWรฃ *RVSRGDU]HP F]ZDUWHM HG\FML 2((6 MHVW 0LDVWR .UDNร Z D 3DUWQHUHP *ฤ ร ZQ\P :RMHZร G]WZR 0Dฤ RSROVNLH *ฤ ร ZQ\PL SDWURQDPL PHGLDOQ\PL Z\GDU]HQLD E\OL e']LHQQLN *D]HWD 3UDZQDr ,QWHULD SO L 50) )0

=HVSร ฤ 2((6

27


TEDxRakowicka 3WVNMZMVKRI <-,`:ISW_QKSI WLJa_I [Qฤ VI bI[ILIKP TQKMVKRQ <-,` Q RM[\ VQMbITMฤตVฤ SWVNMZMVKRฤ ZWbXW_[bMKPVQIRฤ KI KQMSI_M QLMM 8WXZbMLVQI MLaKRI S\{ZI UQIรฐI UQMR[KM _ UIZK] ! Z WSIbIรฐI [Qฤ WOZWUVaU []SKM[MU , W\P UD]HP SRZWร U]\OLฤณP\ WHQ VWDQ HPRFML VNXSLHQLD L LQVSLUDFML : NRQIHUHQFML 7('[5DNRZLFND Z]Lรทฤ R XG]LDฤ XF]HVWQLNร Z

T

28

\P UD]HP QD VFHQLH KDOL VSRUWRZHM 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH Z\VWรฃSLฤ R SUHOHJHQWร Z .Dล G\ ] QLFK Z QLHVSHฤ QD PLQXW SRG]LHOLฤ VLรท ] XF]HVWQLNDPL LQVSLUXMรฃF\PL KLVWRULDPL ,GHH NWร UH Sฤ \Qรทฤ \ ]H VFHQ\ E\ฤ \ EDUG]R Uร ล QRURGQH 1D eF]HUZRQHM NURSFHr SRMDZLOL VLรท 3DZHฤ %RJXVฤ DZ $OHNVDQGUD %XG]\ฤกVND $JQLHV]ND 'H 1HYH 0LFKDฤ )DEHU 5\DQ 6RFDVK $QGU]HM 7XFKROVNL $OHNVDQGUD :L]RU 5DIDฤ =DELHURZVNL : SU]HUZDFK SRPLรทG]\ SUHOHNFMDPL RSUร F] QHWZRUNLQJX SRMDZLDฤ \ VLรท WDNล H HOHPHQW\ LQWHJUDF\MQH WM SRND]\ LOX]ML UHFLWDO F]\ PLQL JU\ LPSURZL]DF\MQH

0DJQLILFHQFMD 5HNWRU 8(. SURI 8(. GU KDE LQล $QGU]HM &KRFKร ฤ PDUWQHUDPL NRQIHUHQFML E\OL โ ข (QHD 6 $ โ ข 03:L. 6 $ โ ข 03(& 6 $ โ ข 8%6 %XVLQHVV 6ROXWLRQV 3RODQG VS ]R R

2UJDQL]DWRUHP Z\GDU]HQLD E\ฤ D )XQGDFMD 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR ZUD] ] ZRORQWDULXV]DPL ] 8(. D KRQRURZ\P SDWURQDW QDG NRQIHUHQFMรฃ REMรฃฤ -HJR

:V]\VWNLP REHFQ\P VHUGHF]QLH G]LรทNXMHP\ ]D]DXIDQLH DNW\ZQ\ XG]LDฤ L ]DDQJDล RZDQLH Z NRQIHUHQFMH 7('[5DNRZLFND

:LรทFHM LQIRUPDFML PRล HFLH ]QDOHล รฅ QD RILFMDOQHM VWURQLH LQWHUQHWRZHM ZZZ WHG[UDNRZLFND SO OXE QD QDV]\P IDQ SDJH WHG[UDNRZLFND


29

wspomnienie


wydarzenia

3Rล HJQDQLH najlepszych absolwentรณw ?aLbQIรฐ] .QVIV[{_ Q 8ZI_I ? LVQ] _ZbMฤฌVQI ! ZWS] _ SIUMZITVMR bIJa\SW_MR ;\IZMR )]TQ =-3 VIRTMX[baU IJ[WT_MV\WU [\]LQ{_ [\IKRWVIZVaKP Q VQM[\IKRWVIZVaKP 11 [\WXVQI VI SQMZ]VSIKP" %DQNRZRฤณรฅ L ]DU]รฃG]DQLH U\]\NLHP )LQDQVH L UDFKXQNRZRฤณรฅ 5\QNL ILQDQVRZH RUD] =DU]รฃG]DQLH ILQDQVDPL SDฤกVWZD L VDPRU]รฃGX WHU\WRULDOQHJR ZUรทF]RQR G\SORP\ RUD] OLVW\ JUDWXODF\MQH

W

XURF]\VWRฤณFL XG]LDฤ Z]LรทOL Zฤ DG]H 5HNWRUVNLH 8(. RUD] ']LHNDฤกVNLH :\G]LDฤ X )LQDQVร Z L 3UDZD SURPRWRU]\ Z\Nฤ DGRZ\ MDN Uร ZQLHล SUDFRZQLF\ DGPLQLVWUDF\MQL Z\G]LDฤ X RUD] URG]LQD

30

SU]\MDFLHOH L V\PSDW\F\ QDV]\FK QDMOHSV]\FK DEVROZHQWร Z ZHEUDQ\FK JRฤณFL SU]\ZLWDฤ D 3URI 8(. GU KDE 0DULD 3ฤ RQND 3URG]LHNDQ :\G]LDฤ X )LQDQVร Z L 3UDZD 1DVWรทSQLH Jฤ RV

]DEUDOL 3URI GU KDE .U]\V]WRI 6XUร ZND ร ZF]HVQ\ 3URUHNWRU GV .V]WDฤ FHQLD L 6WXGHQWร Z RUD] 3URI 8(. GU KDE 0DULXV] $QGU]HMHZVNL ']LHNDQ :\G]LDฤ X )LQDQVร Z L 3UDZD : Vฤ RZDFK VNLHURZDQ\FK GR DEVROZHQWร Z JUDWXORZDOL LP


wydarzenia

RWU]\PDQLD G\SORPร Z SRGNUHฤณODMรฃF LFK ]DDQJDล RZDQLH L FLรทล Nรฃ SUDFรท Z WUDNFLH VWXGLร Z NWร UH GRSURZDG]Lฤ \ LFK GR WHM XURF]\VWRฤณFL '\SORP\ RUD] OLVW\ JUDWXODF\MQH RGHEUDQH ]RVWDฤ \ ] UรฃN 3URI GUD KDE .U]\V]WRID 6XUร ZNL 3URUHNWRUD GV .V]WDฤ FHQLD L 6WXGHQWร Z 3URI 8(. GUD KDE 0DULXV]D $QGU]HMHZVNLHJR ']LHNDQD :\G]LDฤ X )LQDQVร Z i 3UDZD RUD] SURPRWRUร Z 3RGF]DV XURF]\VWRฤณFL Jฤ RV ]DEUDฤ D Uร ZQLHล GU -RODQWD -X]D 3UH]HV 6WRZDU]\V]HQLD $EVROZHQWร Z 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH : VNLHURZDQ\FK GR DEVROZHQWร Z Vฤ RZDFK ]D]QDF]\ฤ D ล H VWXGLD QLH VWDQRZLรฃ SU]\JRG\ NWร UD NRฤกF]\ VLรท ] FKZLOรฃ RWU]\PDQLD G\SORPX OHF] PRล H E\รฅ NRQW\QXRZDQD SRSU]H] ZVWรฃSLHQLH Z SURJL 6WRZDU]\V]HQLD 3R ]DNRฤกF]HQLX RILFMDOQHM F]รทฤณFL DEVROZHQFL L ]DSURV]HQL JRฤณFLH XGDOL VLรท GR VDOL 0X]HXP JG]LH MXล Z PQLHM IRUPDOQHM DWPRVIHU]H PRJOL SRZVSRPLQDรฅ F]DV VWXGLร Z $E\ WUDG\FML VWDฤ R VLรท ]DGRฤณรฅ SRGF]DV XURF]\VWRฤณFL RGE\ฤ R VLรท Uร ZQLHล ZVSร OQH U]XFDQLH ELUHWร Z RUD]

SDPLรฃWNRZD VHVMD IRWRJUDILF]QD Z WRJDFK 'XPD L UDGRฤณรฅ PDOXMรฃFH VLรท QD WZDU]DFK WHJRURF]Q\FK DEVROZHQWร Z WR SRWZLHUG]HQLH VDW\VIDNFML ]DUร ZQR ] SLรทFLROHWQLHM QDXNL L Zฤ Rล RQHJR Z QLรฃ Z\VLฤ NX ]H VWURQ\ Z\Nฤ DGRZFร Z L DEVROZHQWร Z MDN L QDG]LHL ]ZLรฃ]DQ\FK ] SRVLDGDQLHP W\WXฤ X PDJLVWUD )LQDQVร Z L UDFKXQNRZRฤณFL : SUDFH ]ZLรฃ]DQH ] SU]\JRWRZDQLHP XURF]\VWRฤณFL ]DDQJDล RZDQL E\OL SUDFRZQLF\ ร ZF]HVQHJR

:\G]LDฤ X )LQDQVร Z L 3UDZD SURI 8(. GU KDE 0DULD 3ฤ RQND t NRRUG\QDWRU GU 0DULROD 0DPFDUF]\N t ]DVWรทSFD NRRUG\QDWRUD RUD] GU .DWDU]\QD 2ZVLDN GU .DWDU]\QD ฤ DFK GU -RODQWD -X]D GU $OLFMD .DVSHURZLF] 6WรทSLHฤก GU .DWDU]\QD 0DM :DฤณQLRZVND GU 0DWHXV] )ROZDUVNL GU 3DZHฤ 2OHNV\ GU $QGU]HM =\JXฤ D PJU .DWDU]\QD ฤฒZLDWฤ Rฤก PJU 5DGRVฤ DZ &LXNDM GU KDE 0DULD 3ฤ RQND SURI 8(. GU Mariola Mamcarczyk PJU 5DGRVฤ DZ &LXNDM

31


wydarzenia 'HOHJDFMD 8(. SU]HG JPDFKHP %DWXPL 6WDWH 8QLYHUVLW\ OLVWRSDG

Kierunek: Gruzja 3I\MLZI 0IVLT] BIOZIVQKbVMOW ZWb_QRI _[X{รฐXZIKฤ b =VQ_MZ[a\M\MU _ *I\]UQ ?[X{รฐXZIKI 3I\MLZa 0IVLT] BIOZIVQKbVMOW b RMR XIZ\VMZMU _ /Z]bRQ ?aLbQIรฐMU -SWVWUQQ Q *QbVM[] *I\]UQ ;PW\I :][\I^MTQ ;\I\M =VQ^MZ[Q\a VIJQMZI \MUXI a PLMDMรฃF\ URN SU]\QLร Vฤ GDOV]\ UR]Zร M VLHFL NRQWDNWร Z RUD] UR]V]HU]HQLH IRUP L ]DNUHVX Z]DMHPQ\FK UHODFML

W

GQLDFK PDMD U JRฤณFLOLฤณP\ Z .DWHGU]H RILFMDOQรฃ GHOHJDFMรท ] %DWXPL 8QLYHUVLW\ SRG SU]HZRGQLFWZHP 3DQL 3URUHNWRU %68 3URI 1DWHOL 7VLNODVKYLOL :L]\WD JRฤณFL ] %DWXPL 6WDWH 8QLYHUVLW\ E\ฤ D NROHMQ\P VSRWNDQLHP SUDFRZQLNร Z QDXNRZ\FK .DWHGU\ +DQGOX =DJUDQLF]QHJR ] SU]HGVWDZLFLHODPL NDGU\ DNDGHPLFNLHM %68 SR SRGSLVDQLX UDPRZHM XPRZ\ R ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ PLรทG]\ 8(. D %68

32

Z NZLHWQLX U DOH SLHUZV]\P QD WDN Z\VRNLP V]F]HEOX : VNฤ DG GHOHJDFML RSUร F] 3DQL 3URUHNWRU 7VLNODVKYLOL ZFKRG]LOL 3U]HZRGQLF]รฃFD =HVSRฤ X GV -DNRฤณFL .V]WDฤ FHQLD QD :\G]LDOH (NRQRPLL L %L]QHVX %68 3URI $VLNR 7VLQWVDG]H RUD] Z\Nฤ DGRZFD ] %68 D MHGQRF]HฤณQLH VWXGHQW VWXGLร Z GRNWRUDQFNLFK Z 8(. L SUDFRZQLN 0LQLVWHUVWZD 5ROQLFWZD *UX]ML t PJU 8FKD 6XUPDQLG]H : ERJDW\P SURJUDPLH LFK ZL]\W\ ]QDMGRZDฤ \

VLรท ]DUร ZQR VSRWNDQLD ] SU]HGVWDZLFLHODPL Zฤ DG] XF]HOQL t 3URI GU KDE $OHNV\P 3RF]WRZVNLP 3URUHNWRUHP GV 1DXNL RUD] 3URI 8(. GU KDE :RMFLHFKHP *L]รฃ 3URG]LHNDQHP :\G]LDฤ X (NRQRPLL L 6WRVXQNร Z 0LรทG]\QDURGRZ\FK RUD] 3URI 8(. GU KDE .U]\V]WRIHP :DFKHP t .LHURZQLNLHP .DWHGU\ +DQGOX =DJUDQLF]QHJR MDN Uร ZQLHล URERF]H G\VNXVMH ] SUDFRZQLNDPL .DWHGU\ RUD] NDGUรฃ ] ']LDฤ X :VSร ฤ SUDF\


: SLHUZV]HM SRฤ RZLH URNX RGQRWRZDOLฤณP\ Uร ZQLHล SLHUZV]H HIHNW\ ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ Z REV]DU]H Z\PLDQ\ VWXGHQWร Z JG\ล SLHUZV]\ VWXGHQW ] %68 SU]HE\ZDฤ Z .UDNRZLH L SRGMรฃฤ VWXGLD Z 8(. Z UDPDFK SURJUDPX (UDVPXV 3RQDGWR ] LQLFMDW\Z\ .DWHGU\ RWU]\PDOLฤณP\ GZD PLHMVFD Z UDPDFK Z\PLDQ\ GOD Z\Nฤ DGRZFร Z (UDVPXV . SR MHGQ\P ] NDล GHM VWURQ\ 1DWRPLDVW Z GQLDFK OLVWRSDGD U GHOHJDFMD ] QDV]HM XF]HOQL JRฤณFLฤ D Z *UX]ML Z UDPDFK ,, 0LรทG]\QDURGRZHJR 6HPLQDULXP 1DXNRZR '\GDNW\F]QHJR RUJDQL]RZDQHJR ZVSร OQLH SU]H] .DWHGUรท +DQGOX =DJUDQLF]QHJR 8(. L :\G]LDฤ (NRQRPLL %DWXPL 6KRWD 5XVWDYHOL 6WDWH 8QLYHUVLW\ SW e3ROVNR JUX]LฤกVND ZVSร ฤ SUDFD JRVSRGDUF]D Z NRQWHNฤณFLH SURFHVร Z LQWHJUDFML HXURSHMVNLHMr *ฤ ร ZQ\P FHOHP WHJR Z\GDU]HQLD E\ฤ D G\VNXVMD QDXNRZD QD WHPDW V]DQV L ]DJURล Hฤก ELODWHUDOQHM Z\PLDQ\ KDQGORZHM L ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ JRVSRGDUF]HM RUD] NRQVHNZHQFML SURFHVร Z LQWHJUDFML HXURSHMVNLHM GOD UR]ZRMX JRVSRGDUF]HJR L KDQGOX ]DJUDQLF]QHJR REX NUDMร Z : GHOHJDFML GR *UX]ML Z]LรทOL XG]LDฤ 3URI 8(. GU KDE :RMFLHFK *L]D t :LFHG\UHNWRU ,QVW\WXWX (NRQRPLL L )LQDQVร Z RUD] SUDFRZQLF\ .DWHGU\ +DQGOX =DJUDQLF]QHJR GU $JQLHV]ND *ฤ RGRZVND GU $JQLHV]ND +DMGXNLHZLF] GU %Rล HQD 3HUD RUD] GU 0DUHN 0DFLHMHZVNL 'HOHJDFMD ]RVWDฤ D SRZLWDQD SU]H] 5HNWRUD %68 3URI 0HUDED .KDOYDVKL NWร U\ Z\Jฤ RVLฤ NUร WNLH SU]HPร ZLHQLH QD WHPDW VWDQX L SHUVSHNW\Z QDV]HM ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ 1DVWรทSQLH PRZรท SRZLWDOQรฃ Z\Jฤ RVLฤ D 3URUHNWRU %68 3URI 1DWHOD 7VLNODVKYLOL : LPLHQLX SROVNLHM GHOHJDFML Z\VWรฃSLฤ SURI GU KDE :RMFLHFK *L]D NWร U\ SRG]LรทNRZDฤ JRVSRGDU]RP ]D ]DSURV]HQLH L SRGNUHฤณOLฤ ]QDF]HQLH ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ PLรทG]\ QDV]\PL XF]HOQLDPL 1DVWรทSQLH SUDFRZQLF\ ] 'HSDUWDPHQWX 5R]ZRMX 6WUDWHJLF]QHJR L 6WRVXQNร Z 0LรทG]\QDURGRZ\FK %DWXPL 6KRWD 5XVWDYHOL 6WDWH 8QLYHUVLW\

wydarzenia

0LรทG]\QDURGRZHM 7HPDWDPL G\VNXVML E\ฤ \ ]Zฤ DV]F]D NZHVWLH MDNRฤณFL NV]WDฤ FHQLD D RELH VWURQ\ Z\PLHQLฤ \ VLรท VZRLPL GRฤณZLDGF]HQLDPL L VSRVWU]Hล HQLDPL Z W\P ]DNUHVLH

'HOHJDFMD ] %DWXPL 6KRWD 5XVWDYHOL 6WDWH 8QLYHUVLW\ ] ZL]\Wรฃ Z 8(.

SU]HGVWDZLOL SUH]HQWDFMรท QD WHPDW VZRMHM XF]HOQL 3R F]รทฤณFL SRZLWDOQHM UR]SRF]รทฤ \ VLรท Z\VWรฃSLHQLD L G\VNXVMH Z UDPDFK WHPDW\NL VHPLQDULXP 6ZRMH SUH]HQWDFMH SU]HGVWDZLOL NROHMQR SUDFRZQLF\ .DWHGU\ +DQGOX =DJUDQLF]QHJR GU $JQLHV]ND *ฤ RGRZVND NWร UD Z\Jฤ RVLฤ D Z\Nฤ DG SW q3RODQG ZLWKLQ WKH (XURSHDQ 8QLRQ 6HOHFWHG 3UREOHPV RI &RQYHUJHQFHr GU %Rล HQD 3HUD NWร UD SU]HGVWDZLฤ D SUH]HQWDFMรท ]DW\WXฤ RZDQรฃ 7UDGH LPSOLFDWLRQV RI WKH 3RODQG V DFFHVVLRQ WR WKH (XURSHDQ 8QLRQ t D \HDU V SHUVSHFWLYH r RUD] GU $JQLHV]ND +DMGXNLHZLF] NWร UD SU]HGVWDZLฤ D Z\QLNL VZRLFK EDGDฤก Z SUH]HQWDFML SW q7KH LPSDFW RI WKH DFFHVVLRQ WR WKH (8 RQ 3RODQGpV DJUL IRRG WUDGHr : WHM F]รทฤณFL VSRWNDQLD Z\VWรฃSLฤ Uร ZQLHล 8FKD 6XUPDQLG]H GRNWRUDQW NLHURZQLND .DWHGU\ +DQGOX =DJUDQLF]QHJR 3URI 8(. GU KDE .U]\V]WRID :DFKD D MHGQRF]HฤณQLH Z\Nฤ DGRZFD %68 NWร U\ Z\Jฤ RVLฤ Z\Nฤ DG SW q(8 *HRUJLD (FRQRPLF 5HODWLRQV t &KDOOHQJHV DQG 2SSRUWXQLWLHVr 3R ]DNRฤกF]HQLX SUH]HQWDFML RGE\ฤ D VLรท Rล \ZLRQD G\VNXVMD QDXNRZD 3R ]DNRฤกF]HQLX VHPLQDULXP QDV]D GHOHJDFMD ]RVWDฤ D ]DSURV]RQD GR ]ZLHG]HQLD XF]HOQL NWร UD MHVW MHGQ\P ] ZLRGรฃF\FK V]Nร ฤ Z\ล V]\FK Z *UX]ML R SRQDG OHWQLHM KLVWRULL =ORNDOL]RZDQD MHVW WXล QDG EU]HJLHP 0RU]D &]DUQHJR Z KLVWRU\F]Q\P L VWUDWHJLF]Q\P PLHฤณFLH %DWXPL RNUHฤณODQ\P MDNR ePRUVND EUDPD GR *UX]MLr : F]DVLH ZL]\W\ RGE\ฤ \ VLรท Uร ZQLHล URERF]H VSRWNDQLD ] SUDFRZQLNDPL :\G]LDฤ X (NRQRPLL L %L]QHVX %68 RUD] UR]PRZ\ QD WHPDW GDOV]HM ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ PLรทG]\ 8(. D %68 2SUร F]

RILFMDOQ\FK VSRWNDฤก Z %68 SROVND GHOHJDFMD PLDฤ D RND]Mรท SR]QDรฅ QLHFR EOLล HM VSHF\ILNรท PLDVWD %DWXPL L UHJLRQX $Gล DULD 3URJUDP ZL]\W\ REHMPRZDฤ Z\FLHF]Nรท SR RNROLF\ ]ZLHG]DQLH 0X]HXP (WQRJUDILF]QHJR ฤณUHGQLRZLHF]QHJR PRVWX 4XHHQ 7DPDUpV %ULGJH L ZRGRVSDGX 0DNKXQWVHWL D WDNล H ZL]\Wรท Z ZLQQLF\ L MHGQRF]HฤณQLH UHVWDXUDFML q&KDWHDX ,YHULr JG]LH GOD JRฤณFL ] 3ROVNL SU]\JRWRZDQR SURJUDP NXOWXUDOQ\ : F]DVLH WHJR VSRWNDQLD PLHOLฤณP\ PRล OLZRฤณ OHSV]HJR SR]QDQLD WUDG\FML L ]Z\F]DMร Z Z *UX]ML D ZLHF]ร U ]DNRฤกF]\ฤ \ ZVSร OQH WDฤกFH SU]\ OXGRZHM PX]\FH JUX]LฤกVNLHM 3RGVXPRZXMรฃF GRW\FKF]DVRZรฃ ZVSร ฤ SUDFรท QDXNRZR G\GDNW\F]Qรฃ PLรทG]\ RELHPD XF]HOQLDPL ZDUWR SRGNUHฤณOLรฅ ล H GZXVWURQQH NRQWDNW\ Vรฃ QLH W\ONR Rล \ZLRQH L Uร ล QRURGQH DOH QDEUDฤ \ RQH Uร ZQLHล V\VWHPDW\F]QHJR FKDUDNWHUX 6]F]HJร OQLH FLHV]\ IDNW ล H VHPLQDULD QDXNRZH RGE\ZDMรฃ VLรท F\NOLF]QLH FR QDMPQLHM UD] Z URNX QD SU]HPLDQ Z 3ROVFH L *UX]ML D Z SODQDFK Vรฃ GDOV]H ZVSร OQH SURMHNW\ ]DUร ZQR Z REV]DU]H QDXNL MDN L G\GDNW\NL 1RZ\PL LQLFMDW\ZDPL Vรฃ P LQ SODQRZDQH Z\Nฤ DG\ SUDFRZQLNร Z .DWHGU\ +DQGOX =DJUDQLF]QHJR Z *UX]ML GRW\F]รฃFH PHWRGRORJLL SURZDG]HQLD EDGDฤก QDXNRZ\FK RUD] XPRล OLZLHQLH JUX]LฤกVNLP VWXGHQWRP SRE\WX VWXG\MQHJR Z 8(. SRGF]DV RVWDWQLHM ID]\ SU]\JRWRZ\ZDQLD SUDF G\SORPRZ\FK QD FR %68 PD SU]H]QDF]RQH RVREQH IXQGXV]H : ]DPLHU]HQLDFK MHVW Uร ZQLHล RUJDQL]DFMD NROHMQ\FK VHPLQDULร Z QDXNRZ\FK GRW\F]รฃF\FK SROVNR JUX]LฤกVNLHM ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ KDQGORZHM L JRVSRGDUF]HM GU Agnieszka Hajdukiewicz .DWHGUD +DQGOX =DJUDQLF]QHJR

33


wydarzenia

6]NRฤ D 'RNWRUVND 8(. U RGE\ฤ R VLรท XURF]\VWH VSRWNDQLH LQDXJXUXMรฃFH SLHUZV]\ URN NV]WDฤ FHQLD GRNWRUDQWร Z Z 6]NROH 'RNWRUVNLHM 8(.

;XW\SIVQM ZWbXWKbaVIRฤ KM XQMZ_[ba ZWS S[b\IรฐKMVQI _ ;bSWTM ,WS\WZ[SQMR =-3 XZW_ILbQTQ" ,aZMS\WZ ;bSWรฐa ,WS\WZ[SQMR =-3 ยง 8ZWN LZ PIJ :MVI\I 7KbSW_[SI WZIb 8ZbM_WLVQKbฤ Ka :ILa 6I]SW_MR ;bSWรฐa ,WS\WZ[SQMR =-3 ยง 8ZWN LZ PIJ 2IKMS 7[QM_IT[SQ

U

F]HVWQLNDPL VSRWNDQLD E\OL F]ฤ RQNRZLH 5DG\ 1DXNRZHM 6]NRฤ \ 'RNWRUVNLHM 8(. 6DPRU]รฃGX 'RNWRUDQWร Z RUD] GRNWRUDQFL UR]SRF]\QDMรฃF\ NV]WDฤ FHQLH ZUD] ] RSLHNXQDPL QDXNRZ\PL

3R XURF]\VW\P SRZLWDQLX JRฤณFL Z V]F]HJร OQRฤณFL 'RNWRUDQWร Z NWร U]\ Z Z\QLNX SRVWรทSRZDQLD NRQNXUVRZHJR ]QDOHล OL VLรท Z JUXSLH 34

QDMOHSV]\FK VSRฤณUร G NDQG\GDWร Z XELHJDMรฃF\FK VLรท R SU]\MรทFLH GR 6]NRฤ \ 'RNWRUVNLHM 8(. t QDVWรฃSLฤ R ZUรทF]HQLH XFKZDฤ R SU]\MรทFLX GR 6]NRฤ \ 'RNWRUVNLHM L OHJLW\PDFML GRNWRUDQFNLFK 1DVWรทSQLH 3URI GU KDE 5HQDWD 2F]NRZVND SU]HGVWDZLฤ D GRNWRUDQWRP L RSLHNXQRP QDXNRZ\P KDUPRQRJUDP SUDF ]ZLรฃ]DQ\FK ] UR]SUDZรฃ GRNWRUVNรฃ SU]HZLG]LDQ\

QD ELHล รฃF\ URN DNDGHPLFNL WM ZVWรทSQD NRQFHSFMD SUDF\ GRNWRUVNLHM RUD] ,QG\ZLGXDOQ\ 3ODQ %DGDZF]\ :VWรทSQD NRQFHSFMD SUDF\ GRNWRUVNLHM MHVW QLH]EรทGQD DE\ 5DGD '\VF\SOLQ\ PRJฤ D Z\]QDF]\รฅ SURPRWRUD SURPRWRUร Z OXE SURPRWRUD L SURPRWRUD SRPRFQLF]HJR GR WU]HFK PLHVLรทF\ RG UR]SRF]รทFLD NV]WDฤ FHQLD D ZLรทF Z JUXGQLX EU 1DWRPLDVW SU]\JRWRZDQLH L SU]\MรทFLH SU]H] 5DGรท '\VF\SOLQ\


wydarzenia

,QG\ZLGXDOQHJR 3ODQX %DGDZF]HJR VWDQRZL Z\Pร J ]DNRฤกF]HQLD SLHUZV]HJR URNX NV]WDฤ FHQLD Z 6]NROH 'RNWRUVNLHM 8(. : GDOV]HM F]รทฤณFL VSRWNDQLD QRZ\FK GRNWRUDQWร Z SRZLWDฤ 3U]HZRGQLF]รฃF\ 6DPRU]รฃGX 'RNWRUDQWร Z PJU 3LRWU *ฤ RJRZVNL L ]DFKรทFLฤ LFK GR ]DDQJDล RZDQLD Z G]LDฤ DOQRฤณรฅ 6DPRU]รฃGX RUD] XF]HVWQLFWZD Z ,, :\MD]GRZHM 6HVML 1DXNRZHM 'RNWRUDQWร Z 8(. 'RNWRUDQFL ]RVWDOL Uร ZQLHล SRLQIRUPRZDQL R PRล OLZRฤณFL XG]LDฤ X Z Z\PLDQLH PLรทG]\QDURGRZHM GRNWRUDQWร Z Z UDPDFK SURJUDPX 3520 NWร U\ MHVW UHDOL]RZDQ\ Z UDPDFK 3URJUDPX 2SHUDF\MQHJR :LHG]D (GXNDFMD 5R]Zร M ZVSร ฤ ILQDQVRZDQHJR ]H ฤณURGNร Z (XURSHMVNLHJR )XQGXV]X 6SRฤ HF]QHJR 1D UHDOL]DFMรท SURJUDPX 1DURGRZD $JHQFMD :\PLDQ\ $NDGHPLFNLHM SU]\]QDฤ D QDV]HM XF]HOQL ]ฤ 0JU 5REHUW 6]\Gฤ R SU]HGVWDZLฤ Jฤ ร ZQH ]Dฤ Rล HQLD L DNW\ZQRฤณFL NWร UH SU]HZLGXMH SURMHNW 'RNWRUDQFL EรทGรฃ PRJOL XF]HVWQLF]\รฅ Z NUร WNLFK IRUPDFK NV]WDฤ FHQLD WM NXUV\ ZDUV]WDW\ VWDล H F]\ WHล ZL]\W\ VWXG\MQH EรทGรฃ PRJOL SURZDG]Lรฅ ]DMรทFLD G\GDNW\F]QH Z XF]HOQLDFK ]DJUDQLF]Q\FK

D WDNล H EUDรฅ DNW\ZQ\ XG]LDฤ Z NRQIHUHQFMDFK PLรทG]\QDURGRZ\FK : UDPDFK SURMHNWX SU]HZLG]LDQH MHVW ]RUJDQL]RZDQLH GZร FK ZDล Q\FK Z\GDU]Hฤก , 0LรทG]\QDURGRZHM .RQIHUHQFML 6]NRฤ \ 'RNWRUVNLHM RUD] , 0LรทG]\QDURGRZHJR 7\JRGQLD '\GDNW\NL $NDGHPLFNLHM

PJU 0DUHN .RF]\ฤกVNL 3DNLHW *RRJOH 6XLWH XPRล OLZL GRNWRUDQWRP NRU]\VWDQLH ] QDU]รทG]L SURIHVMRQDOQHM NRPXQLNDFML D WDNล H SU]\F]\QL VLรท GR HIHNW\ZQLHMV]HM SUDF\ QDXNRZHM L OHSV]HM ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ GRNWRUDQWร Z ] Z\NRU]\VWDQLHP QRZRF]HVQ\FK WHFKQRORJLL

=DJDGQLHQLD SUDNW\F]QH L WHFKQLF]QH ]ZLรฃ]DQH ] NRU]\VWDQLHP ] ]DVREร Z XF]HOQL RUD] NZHVWLรท GRVWรทSX GR XVฤ XJ *RRJOH 6XLWH GOD 6]Nร ฤ L 8F]HOQL :\ล V]\FK NWร UH RG ELHล รฃFHJR URNX Vรฃ GRVWรทSQH GOD GRNWRUDQWร Z QDV]HM XF]HOQL ]DSUH]HQWRZDฤ

3RG NRQLHF VSRWNDQLD PLDฤ PLHMVFH V\PEROLF]Q\ SRF]รทVWXQHN NWร U\ E\ฤ RND]Mรฃ GR QDZLรฃ]DQLD NRQWDNWร Z G\VNXVML F]\ RGSRZLHG]L QD OLF]QH S\WDQLD 3URI GU KDE Renata Oczkowska

35


wydarzenia

=DU]รฃG]DQLH Publiczne ยง [XW\SIVQM MS[XMZ\{_ ? J]LaVSIKP ?aLbQIรฐ] BIZbฤ LbIVQI =VQ_MZ[a\M\] /LIฤก[SQMOW UQIรฐ UQMR[KM 9, =MD]G .DWHGU L =DNฤ DGร Z =DU]รฃG]DQLD 3XEOLF]QHJR S\{Za UQIรฐ UQMR[KM _ LVQ] _ZbMฤฌVQI WZIb SWVNMZMVKRI VI]SW_I X\ e5ROD PLHMVFH L ]QDF]HQLH ]DU]รฃG]DQLD LQVW\WXFMDPL SXEOLF]Q\PL Z NUHRZDQLX MDNRฤณFL ล \FLDr _ LVQIKP _ZbMฤฌVQI

O

rJDQL]DWRUDPL =MD]GX E\ฤ \ 8QLZHUV\WHW 3HGDJRJLF]Q\ LP .RPLVML (GXNDFML 1DURGRZHM WU]\ MHGQRVWNL ] Uร ล Q\FK Z .UDNRZLH 8QLZHUV\WHW RฤณURGNร Z DNDGHPLFNLFK :DUV]DZVNL 3ROLWHFKQLND =DNฤ DG =DU]รฃG]DQLD :DUV]DZVND 1DURGRZ\ ,QVW\WXW 2UJDQL]DFMDPL 3XEOLF]Q\PL .XOWXU\ L ']LHG]LFWZD :VL ,QVW\WXWX 2UJDQL]DFML L =DU]รฃG]DQLD 3ROLWHFKQLND ฤฒOรฃVND )XQGDFMD 8QLZHUV\WHWX *GDฤกVNLHJR .DWHGUD 1LHVLHP\ 1DG]LHMรท 8QLZHUV\WHW =DU]รฃG]DQLD 3XEOLF]QHJR L 1DXN (NRQRPLF]Q\ Z 3R]QDQLX 6SRฤ HF]Q\FK 8QLZHUV\WHWX 8QLZHUV\WHW (NRQRPLF]Q\ ZH (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .DWRZLFDFK :URFฤ DZLX 8QLZHUV\WHW 0RUVNL RUD] =DNฤ DG =DU]รฃG]DQLD Z *G\QL 8QLZHUV\WHW -DJLHOORฤกVNL 2UJDQL]DFMDPL 3XEOLF]Q\PL RUD] 8QLZHUV\WHW *GDฤกVNL : NRQ8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR IHUHQFML XF]HVWQLF]\ฤ R SRQDG Z .UDNRZLH 1DWRPLDVW RUJDQL]DRVร E WRUHP NRQIHUHQFML E\ฤ VDPRG]LHOQLH =DNฤ DG =DU]รฃG]DQLD 2UJDQL]DFMDPL 3RGF]DV =MD]GX .DWHGU L =DNฤ DGร Z 3XEOLF]Q\PL 8QLZHUV\WHWX =DU]รฃG]DQLD 3XEOLF]QHJR RGE\ฤ D *GDฤกVNLHJR VLรท G\VNXVMD SOHQDUQD SURZDG]RQD ZVSร OQLH SU]H] GU KDE 0DUND 8F]HVWQLNDPL =MD]GX L .RQIHUHQFML รคZLNOLFNLHJR ] 8( .UDNร Z L GU E\OL SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH QDVWรทKDE -DURVฤ DZD :DฤณQLHZVNLHJR SXMรฃF\FK XF]HOQL L RUJDQL]D] 8* : MHM WUDNFLH GU KDE 0DUHN FML NUDMRZ\FK 8QLZHUV\WHW รคZLNOLFNL SU]HGVWDZLฤ NLHUXQNL 7HFKQRORJLF]QR +XPDQLVW\F]Q\ UR]ZRMX EDGDฤก L NV]WDฤ FHQLD Z ]DLP . 3Xฤ DVNLHJR Z 5DGRPLX NUHVLH RUJDQL]DFML SXEOLF]Q\FK 1D 8QLZHUV\WHW ฤ ร G]NL 6]NRฤ D SRGVWDZLH Z\PLDQ\ SRJOรฃGร Z *ฤ ร ZQD +DQGORZD Z :DUV]DZLH XF]HVWQLNร Z =MD]GX PRล QD VIRU3ROLWHFKQLND *GDฤกVND 8QLZHUV\WHW PXฤ RZDรฅ NLOND ZDล Q\FK ZQLRVNร Z =LHORQRJร UVNL 8QLZHUV\WHW GRW\F]รฃF\FK SU]HGPLRWRZHJR (NRQRPLF]Q\ Z .UDNRZLH

36

]DJDGQLHQLD =ZUร FRQR XZDJรท QD SUREOHP Z\SURILORZDQLD RIHUW\ G\GDNW\F]QHM SRG NรฃWHP URG]DMร Z RUJDQL]DFML SU]\QDOHล รฃF\FK GR VHNWRUD SXEOLF]QHJR 3RGNUHฤณODQR RGPLHQQRฤณรฅ LQVW\WXFML IXQNFMRQXMรฃF\FK Z REV]DU]H RฤณZLDW\ VรฃGRZQLFWZD NXOWXU\ V]NROQLFWZD Z\ล V]HJR RFKURQ\ ]GURZLD F]\ WHล DGPLQLVWUDFML VDPRU]รฃGRZHM 3RZRGXMH WR UR]SURV]HQLH QDXF]HQLD ]DU]รฃG]DQLD SXEOLF]QHJR PLรทG]\ Uร ล QH NLHUXQNL VWXGLร Z F]รทVWR VNXWNXMรฃFH IRUPรฃ SRMHG\QF]\FK SU]HGPLRWร Z 'UXJL QXUW G\GDNW\NL GRVWU]HF PRล QD Z IRUPLH NLHUXQNร Z GHG\NRZDQ\FK V]HURNR UR]XPLDQHM DGPLQLVWUDFML SXEOLF]QHM ] Z\V]F]HJร OQLHQLHP VSHFMDOL]DFML RGSRZLDGDMรฃF\FK ]DU]รฃG]DQLX SXEOLF]QHPX -HVW WR VSRZRGRZDQH LVWQLHQLHP GXล \FK SURIHVML Z\QLNDMรฃF\FK ] OLF]E\ ]DWUXGQLRQ\FK Z SRV]F]HJร OQ\FK VHNFMDFK JRVSRGDUNL QDURGRZHM Z VHNWRU]H SXEOLF]Q\P =Uร ล QLFRZDQLH WR E\ฤ R Wฤ XPDF]RQH URVQรฃFรฃ VSHFMDOL]DFMรฃ ZLHG]\ L XPLHMรทWQRฤณFLDPL SRWU]HEQ\PL GR IXQNFMRQRZDQLD Z NDล G\P ] W\P VHNWRUร Z DOH


2SUร F] WHPDW\NL NV]WDฤ FHQLD ]ZUร FRQR XZDJรท QD HGXNDFMรท Z WHPDW\FH ]DU]รฃG]DQLD SXEOLF]QHJR QD Uร ล Q\FK SR]LRPDFK NV]WDฤ FHQLD SLHUZV]HJR VWRSQLD GUXJLHJR VWRSQLD L VWXGLร Z SRG\SORPRZ\FK 2ND]XMH VLรท ล H XORNRZDQLH SUREOHPDW\NL ]DU]รฃG]DQLD RUJDQL]DFMDPL SXEOLF]Q\PL GRPLQXMH QD SLHUZV]\P VWRSQLX RUD] MHVW RIHURZDQH Z IRUPLH VWXGLร Z SRG\SORPRZ\FK GHG\NRZDQ\FK NRQNUHWQ\P JUXSRP ]DZRGRZ\P QS ]DU]รฃG]DQLH Z RฤณZLDFLH RFKURQLH ]GURZLD LWS -HGQDNล H SRGNUHฤณORQR ล H SU]\V]ฤ \ DEVROZHQW QLH SRVWU]HJD VHNWRUD SXEOLF]QHJR MDNR SRGPLRWX ]DU]รฃG]DQLD D EDUG]LHM DGPLQLVWURZDQHJR ] RJUDQLF]RQรฃ PRล OLZRฤณFLรฃ UR]ZRMX NDULHU\ MDNR PHQHGล HU 3RZRGXMH WR ]GDQLHP REUDGXMรฃF\FK PQLHMV]รฃ SRSXODUQRฤณรฅ Z Z\ERU]H WDNLHM ฤณFLHล NL ]DZRGRZHM ZฤณUร G NDQG\GDWร Z QD VWXGLD =ZUร FRQR WDNล H XZDJรท QD ]ZLรฃ]NL ]DU]รฃG]DQLD SXEOLF]QHJR ] GRฤณZLDGF]HQLDPL VHNWRUD SU\ZDWQHJR L DGDSWRZDQ\PL ] VXNFHVHP PHWRGDPL ]DU]รฃG]DQLD QS OHDQ JRYHUQPHQW .RQWHNVW VHNWRUD SU\ZDWQHJR SRMDZLฤ VLรท WDNล H Z G\VNXVML MDNR ZVND]DQLH R FRUD] F]รทVWV]\P ]OHFDQLX UHDOL]DFML XVฤ XJ SXEOLF]Q\FK SU\ZDWQ\P SRGPLRWRP 5R]V]HU]D WR ]DWHP NDWDORJ RUJDQL]DFML GOD NWร U\FK ]DJDGQLHQLD ]DU]รฃG]DQLD SXEOLF]QHJR PRJรฃ E\รฅ SU]\GDWQH D ]DWHP X]DVDGQLD UHDOL]DFMรท SU]HGPLRWร Z ] W\P ]ZLรฃ]DQ\FK QD VWXGLDFK SRฤณZLรทFRQ\FK NRPHUF\MQHPX EL]QHVRZL =D NOXF]RZรฃ Uร ล QLFรท PLรทG]\ VHNWRUHP SU\ZDWQ\P D SXEOLF]Q\P X]QDQR NOLHQWร Z D V]HU]HM LQWHUHVDULXV]\ VWDZLDMรฃF\FK Z\VRNLH Z\PDJDQLD Z]JOรทGHP VHNWRUD

SXEOLF]QHJR Z\VWรทSXMรฃFHJR F]รทVWR Z UROL PRQRSROLVW\ :ฤณUร G Jฤ RVร Z SRGNUHฤณODMรฃF\FK ]ฤ Rล RQRฤณรฅ L ]Uร ล QLFRZDQLH VHNWRUD SXEOLF]QHJR SRMDZLDฤ \ VLรท XZDJL GRW\F]รฃFH SXQNWร Z ZVSร OQ\FK 8]DVDGQLD WR QDV]\P ]GDQLHP SRGHMPRZDQLH G]LDฤ Dฤก LQWHJUXMรฃF\FK SU]\MPXMรฃFH IRUPรท VSRWNDฤก Z UDPDFK ]MD]Gร Z MHGQRVWHN RUJDQL]DF\MQ\FK VSHFMDOL]XMรฃF\FK VLรท Z ]DU]รฃG]DQLX SXEOLF]Q\P DOH WDNล H L Z EUDQล RZ\FK Z\GDU]HQLDFK &]รทฤณFLรฃ ฤ รฃF]รฃFรฃ ]MD]G NDWHGU ] NRQIHUHQFMรฃ E\ฤ D ฤณURGRZD VHVMD SOHQDUQD SRฤณZLรทFRQD ]ZLรฃ]NRP VHNWRUD SXEOLF]QHJR L MDNRฤณFL ล \FLD PRGHURZDQD SU]H] GU KDE 6\OZLรท 0RUDZVNรฃ ] 6*+ L GU -รทGU]HMD 6WUXPLฤ ฤ R ] 8* : MHM WUDNFLH GU KDE -XVW\QD 'DQLHOHZLF] SURI 8ฤ SU]HGVWDZLฤ D QD SU]\Nฤ DG]LH ฤ RG]L ZSฤ \Z LQVW\WXFML QD SRGQRV]HQLH MDNRฤณFL ล \FLD VHQLRUร Z 1DVWรทSQLH GU KDE (Oล ELHWD :RMQLFND 6\F] SURI 8* RPร ZLฤ D NRQFHSFMรท UHJLRQDOQHJR V\VWHPX WZRU]HQLD ZDUWRฤณFL ] XG]LDฤ HP IXQGXV]\ VWUXNWXUDOQ\FK 'U KDE 0DULD :รทJU]\Q SURI 8( :URFฤ DZ XND]Dฤ D SUREOHP SRG]LDฤ X ฤณURGNร Z SXEOLF]Q\FK SU]H] FHQWUDOรท 1)= RGG]LDฤ RP ZRMHZร G]NLP ] XZ]JOรทGQLHQLHP MDNRฤณFL XVฤ XJ 2VWDWQLP SUHOHJHQWHP E\ฤ PJU LQล .DV]SDURZ 'LPLWULM :LWDOLHZLF] ] %Dฤ W\FNLHJR )HGHUDOQHJR 8QLZHUV\WHWX LP ,PPDQXHOD .DQWD NWร U\ ]DSUH]HQWRZDฤ GRฤณZLDGF]HQLD ] ]DNUHVX NV]WDฤ FHQLD ILQDQVRZHM OXGQRฤณFL SURZDG]RQHM ZH ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ LQVW\WXFML SDฤกVWZRZ\FK L HGXNDF\MQ\FK 3RQDG UHIHUDW\ ]DNZDOLILNRZDQH GR Z\VWรฃSLHฤก ]RVWDฤ \ XPLHV]F]RQH Z V]HฤณFLX SDQHODFK Xฤ Rล RQ\FK Z NROHMQ\FK GZร FK GQLDFK NRQIHUHQFML 7HPDW\ND SUH]HQWDFML SR]ZROLฤ D QD Z\RGUรทEQLHQLH SDQHOL GHG\NRZDQ\FK QDVWรทSXMรฃF\P DVSHNWRP

.XOWXURZH XZDUXQNRZDQLD IXQNFMRQRZDQLD LQVW\WXFML SXEOLF]Q\FK 3URZDG]รฃF\ GU KDE 0DULD :รทJU]\Q 8( :URFฤ DZ L GU %HDWD :LHU]ELFND 8* 6SRฤ HF]QR WHFKQLF]QH DVSHNW\ IXQNFMRQRZDQLD VHNWRUD

SXEOLF]QHJR 3URZDG]รฃF\ GU KDE -XVW\QD 'DQLHOHZLF] 8ฤ L GU $QQD :RMHZQLN )LOLSNRZVND 8*

2WRF]HQLH ]HZQรทWU]QH VHNWRUD SXEOLF]QHJR 3URZDG]รฃF\ GU KDE %HDWD %XFKHOW 8( .UDNร Z L GU (PLOLD 'REURZROVND 8*

wydarzenia

WDNล H RGPLHQQ\P VSRMU]HQLHP QD VSRVร E NV]WDฤ FHQLD : W\P RVWDWQLP SXQNFLH ]ZUร FRQR XZDJรท QD WU]\ SHUVSHNW\Z\ XNฤ DGDQLD SURJUDPX QDXF]HQLD OHJDOLVW\F]Qรฃ NRQFHQWUXMรฃFรฃ VLรท QD ]DJDGQLHQLDFK SUDZQ\FK SROLW\N SXEOLF]Q\FK REHMPXMรฃFรฃ V]HUV]\ SXQNW ZLG]HQLD QD VHNWRU SXEOLF]Q\ Z V\VWHPLH JRVSRGDUF]\P NUDMX RUD] ]DU]รฃGF]\ SRGNUHฤณODMรฃF\ DVSHNW HIHNW\ZQRฤณFLRZ\ L VSUDZQRฤณFLRZ\ G]LDฤ DQLD RUJDQL]DFML SXEOLF]Q\FK

=DU]รฃG]DQLH XVฤ XJDPL SXEOLF]Q\PL 3URZDG]รฃF\ GU KDE 9LROHWWD .RUSRURZLF] 6*+ L GU :RMFLHFK 0DFKHO 8*

6\VWHPRZD SHUVSHNW\ZD RSLHNL ]GURZRWQHM 3URZDG]รฃF\ GU KDE -DURVฤ DZ :DฤณQLHZVNL 8*

.XOWXURZH DVSHNW\ IXQNFMRQRZDQLD RSLHNL ]GURZRWQHM 3URZDG]รฃF\ GU KDE 5REHUW %รทEHQ 8* L GU 6HEDVWLDQ 6XVPDUVNL 8* 5HIHUDW\ Z\Jฤ DV]DOL SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH ฤณURGRZLVND QDXNRZHJR DOH Uร ZQLHล L SUDNW\F\ Z W\P SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH DGPLQLVWUDFML SXEOLF]QHM 1D Z\Uร ล QLHQLH ]DVฤ XJXMH Z\Nฤ DG $GDPD 1LHG]LHOVNLHJR 3UH]HVD 1)= SRฤณZLรทFRQ\ Sฤ DFHQLX ]D Z\QLNL OHF]HQLD RUD] (Oล ELHW\ 5XFLฤกVNLHM .XOHV] G\UHNWRUNL SRPRUVNLHJR RGG]LDฤ X 1)= R Z\QLNDFK SLORWDล X OHF]HQLD RVWUHM ID]\ XGDUX QLHGRNUZLHQQHJR 3Hฤ Q\ Z\ND] Z\VWรทSXMรฃF\FK ZUD] ] WHPDWDPL Z\VWรฃSLHฤก MHVW ]DPLHV]F]RQ\ QD VWURQLH LQWHUQHWRZHM NRQIHUHQFML ]QDMGXMรฃF\ VLรท SRG DGUHVHP KWWS Z]U XJ HGX SO PNQ]LS 1DV]\P ]GDQLHP =MD]G L .RQIHUHQFMD VWDQRZLฤ R ZDล Qรฃ Sฤ DV]F]\]Qรท Z\PLDQ\ SRJOรฃGร Z L Z\SUDFRZDQLD ZQLRVNร Z Z ]DNUHVLH UR]ZRMX EDGDฤก L NV]WDฤ FHQLD Z UDPDFK G\VF\SOLQ\ ]DU]รฃG]DQLD SXEOLF]QHJR 3R]ZDOD WR SDWU]Hรฅ ] RSW\PL]PHP QD UR]Zร M WHM VXEG\VF\SOLQ\ QDXNRZHM

2SUDFRZDOL GU KDE 0DUHN รคZLNOLFNL 8QLZHUV\WHW (NRQRPLF]Q\ Z .UDNRZLH GU Hanna Kelm 8QLZHUV\WHW (NRQRPLF]Q\ Z .DWRZLFDFK GU KDE -DURVฤ DZ :DฤณQLHZVNL 8QLZHUV\WHW *GDฤกVNL

37


wydarzenia

7O{TVWXWT[SI SWVNMZMVKRI VI]SW_I Gospodarka wodna Z NRQWHNฤณFLH UR]ZRMX DOWHUQDW\ZQ\FK ล Uร GHฤ HQHUJLL 7O{TVWXWT[SI 3WVNMZMVKRI 6I]SW_I X\ " /W[XWLIZSI _WLVI _ SWV\MSฤฌKQM ZWb_WR] IT\MZVI\a_VaKP ฤ Z{LMรฐ MVMZOQQยช RGE\ฤ D VLรท Z GQLDFK URNX Z 8QLZHUV\WHFLH (NRQRPLF]Q\P Z .UDNRZLH

Z

RVWDฤ D ]RUJDQL]RZDQD Z UDPDFK ;;9,,, 2Jร OQRSROVNLHM 6]NRฤ \ *RVSRGDUNL :RGQHM SU]H] ,QVW\WXW 0HWHRURORJLL L *RVSRGDUNL :RGQHM t 3DฤกVWZRZ\ ,QVW\WXW %DGDZF]\ ZH ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ ] 6HNFMรฃ 6\VWHPร Z *RVSRGDUNL :RGQHM .RPLWHWX *RVSRGDUNL :RGQHM 3ROVNLHM $NDGHPLL 1DXN =DNฤ DGHP +\GURORJLL L =DVREร Z :RGQ\FK 6]NRฤ \ *ฤ ร ZQHM *RVSRGDUVWZD :LHMVNLHJR Z :DUV]DZLH RUD] .DWHGUรฃ (NRQRPLNL L 2UJDQL]DFML

38

3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZ 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH .LHURZQLNLHP ;;9,,, 2Jร OQRSROVNLHM 6]NRฤ \ *RVSRGDUNL :RGQHM E\ฤ SURI QG]Z GU KDE LQล 7RPDV] :DOF]\NLHZLF] RSLHNXQHP QDXNRZ\P E\ฤ 3DQ SURI GU KDE LQล 0DFLHM 0DFLHMHZVNL RUD] SURI GU KDE LQล 7RPDV] 2NUXV]NR D VHNUHWDU]HP t 3DQL PJU 0RQLND 6DMGDN ] ,0*: : WU]\GQLRZHM NRQIHUHQFML Z]Lรทฤ R XG]LDฤ SRQDG RVร E Z W\P

SUDFRZQLF\ QDXNRZR EDGDZF]\ ] Uร ล Q\FK RฤณURGNร Z XQLZHUV\WHFNLFK L MHGQRVWHN QDXNRZR EDGDZF]\FK Z 3ROVFH SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH SUDNW\NL Zฤ DG] VDPRU]รฃGRZ\FK D WDNล H SUDFRZQLF\ L VWXGHQFL 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH +RQRURZ\ SDWURQDW QDG Z\GDU]HQLHP REMรฃฤ -0 5HNWRU SURI QG]Z GU KDE $QGU]HM &KRFKร ฤ D XURF]\VWHJR RWZDUFLD NRQIHUHQFML GRNRQDฤ 3URUHNWRU GV 1DXNL SURI GU KDE $OHNV\ 3RF]WRZVNL 2EUDG\


โ ข

โ ข

โ ข : SU]\JRWRZDQLX L SU]HSURZDG]HQLX .RQIHUHQFML VZร M ZNฤ DG RUJDQL]DF\MQ\ L PHU\WRU\F]Q\ ZQLHฤณOL SUDFRZQLF\ .DWHGU\ (NRQRPLNL L 2UJDQL]DFML 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZ 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH =H VWURQ\ QDV]HM XF]HOQL VNฤ DG .RPLWHWX 2UJDQL]DF\MQHJR ;;9,,, 2Jร OQRSROVNLHM 6]NRฤ \ *RVSRGDUNL :RGQHM VWDQRZLฤ \ QDVWรทSXMรฃFH RVRE\ 3DQL SURI GU KDE -DGZLJD $GDPF]\N SURI 8(. GU KDE $QGU]HM -DNL SURI 8(. GU KDE %DUEDUD 6LXWD 7RNDUVND GU =RILD *Uร GHN 6]RVWDN L GU $JQLHV]ND 7KLHU .DWHGUD (NRQRPLNL L 2UJDQL]DFML 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZ E\ฤ D JRVSRGDU]HP VHVML SDQHORZHM SW 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZD ZREHF Z\]ZDฤก UR]ZRMX ]Uร ZQRZDล RQHJR $OWHUQDW\ZQH ล Uร Gฤ D HQHUJLL t ZVSDUFLH SXEOLF]QH t VSRฤ HF]QD RGSRZLHG]LDOQRฤณรฅ EL]QHVX 0RGHUDWRUHP , VHVML SDQHORZHM E\ฤ .LHURZQLN .DWHGU\ SURI 8(. GU KDE $QGU]HM -DNL ]Dฤณ PRGHUDWRUHP ,, VHVML E\ฤ D 3DQL SURI 8(. GU KDE %DUEDUD 6LXWD 7RNDUVND 3RGF]DV W\FK REUDG ]RVWDฤ \ ]DSUH]HQWRZDQH UHIHUDW\ GRW\F]รฃFH WHPDW\NL ]Uร ZQRZDล RQHJR L WUZDฤ HJR UR]ZRMX Z NRQWHNฤณFLH G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFL EL]QHVRZHM MHGQRVWHN JRVSRGDUF]\FK 3RGMรทWR UR]ZDล DQLD R SRMรทFLX RUD] LVWRFLH ]Uร ZQRZDล RQHJR L WUZDฤ HJR UR]ZRMX R Z\NRU]\VWDQLX DOWHUQDW\ZQ\FK ล Uร GHฤ HQHUJLL Z ZDUXQNDFK NUDMRZ\FK LQVWUXPHQWDFK ZVSDUFLD UR]ZRMX SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZ Z 3ROVFH D WDNล H SUREOHPDW\FH VSRฤ HF]QHM RGSRZLHG]LDOQRฤณFL EL]QHVX : WUDNFLH VHVML SU]HGVWDZLRQR QDVWรทSXMรฃFH UHIHUDW\ โ ข 3URI 8(. GU KDE %DUEDUD 6LXWD 7RNDUVND =Uร ZQRZDล RQ\ L WUZDฤ \ UR]Zร M D QDXND โ ข 3URI GU KDE -DGZLJD $GDPF]\N GU =RILD *Uร GHN 6]RVWDN

'RGDWNRZRฤณรฅ F]\ Z\SLHUDQLH t RFHQD SXEOLF]Q\FK LQVWUXPHQWร Z ZVSDUFLD UR]ZRMX SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZ 3URI GU KDE .D]LPLHU] *ร UND GU $JQLHV]ND 7KLHU $OWHUQDW\ZQH ล Uร Gฤ D HQHUJLL Z ZDUXQNDFK SROVNLFK 3URI QDG]Z GU KDE $GDP -DEฤ RฤกVNL =DXIDQLH MDNR NOXF]RZ\ F]\QQLN NV]WDฤ WRZDQLD PRGHOX VSRฤ HF]QHJR EL]QHVX Z SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZLH ZRGRFLรฃJRZ\P 0JU 0DJGDOHQD (ELVFK 6WHQ]HO 5R]Zร M ]Uร ZQRZDล RQ\ L VSRฤ HF]QD RGSRZLHG]LDOQRฤณรฅ Z SUDNW\FH gospodarczej

=DSURV]HQLH GR XG]LDฤ X Z 2Jร OQRSROVNLHM 6]NROH *RVSRGDUNL :RGQHM SU]\MรทOL Uร ZQLHล SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH SUDNW\NL JRVSRGDUF]HM UHSUH]HQWXMรฃF\ SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZD LQVW\WXFMH RWRF]HQLH EL]QHVX RUD] VDPRU]รฃG WHU\WRULDOQ\ 3DQL PJU $JQLHV]ND 0DUF]\N 0$55 6 $ SU]HGVWDZLฤ D RIHUWรท 0Dฤ RSROVNLHM $JHQFML 5R]ZRMX 5HJLRQDOQHJR GHG\NRZDQรฃ PDฤ RSROVNLP SU]HGVLรทELRUFRP NWร U]\ SRGHMPXMรฃ Z\]ZDQLH LQQRZDF\MQHJR L ]Uร ZQRZDล RQHJR UR]ZRMX =DVWรทSFD %XUPLVWU]D 6ฤ RPQLN t 3DQ PJU 0LFKDฤ &KZDVWHN t SRG]LHOLฤ VLรท GRฤณZLDGF]HQLDPL Z ]DNUHVLH UHDOL]DFML NRQFHSFML ]Uร ZQRZDล RQHJR L WUZDฤ HJR UR]ZRMX ] SHUVSHNW\Z\ SUรทล QLH UR]ZLMDMรฃFHM VLรท JPLQ\ PLHMVNLHM :VND]Dฤ SU]\Nฤ DG\ LQZHVW\FML

R FKDUDNWHU]H LQIUDVWUXNWXUDOQ\P UHDOL]RZDQH QD SR]LRPLH VDPRU]รฃGRZ\P NWร UH ฤ รฃF]รฃ ] VXNFHVHP HIHNW\ZQRฤณรฅ HNRQRPLF]Qรฃ ] SUDNW\F]Qรฃ UHDOL]DFMรฃ NRQFHSFML ]Uร ZQRZDล RQHJR UR]ZRMX = NROHL GU 'DQXWD .DMUXQDMW\V SRGMรทฤ D WHPDW GRW\F]รฃF\ Z\NRU]\VWDQLD QDU]รทG]L ,7 Z ]DU]รฃG]DQLX SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZHP

wydarzenia

SRG]LHORQR QD SLรทรฅ VHVML NWร UH GRW\F]\ฤ \ QDVWรทSXMรฃFHM SUREOHPDW\NL โ ข PDฤ D HQHUJHW\ND ZRGQD Z 3ROVFH L QD ฤณZLHFLH โ ข GXล H HOHNWURZQLH ZRGQH Z NRQWHNฤณFLH SODQร Z LQZHVWRZDQLD Z 3ROVFH โ ข HNRQRPLND L ]DU]รฃG]DQLH JRVSRGDUNรฃ ZRGQรฃ โ ข WHFKQLF]QH L HNRQRPLF]QH DVSHNW\ RGQDZLDOQ\FK ล Uร GHฤ HQHUJLL โ ข HQHUJLD JHRWHUPDOQD L HQHUJLD ELRPDV\

: UDPDFK NRQIHUHQFML ]DSHZQLRQR F]DV QD S\WDQLD GR SUHOHJHQWร Z RUD] G\VNXVMรท QDXNRZรฃ ]D NWร UHM SRGVXPRZDQLH PRล QD X]QDรฅ eNRQLHF]QRฤณรฅ VXNFHV\ZQHM UHDOL]DFML G]LDฤ Dฤก R FKDUDNWHU]H SURUR]ZRMRZ\P ]DUร ZQR QD SR]LRPLH PLNUR MDN L PDNURHNRQRPLF]Q\P Z 3ROVFH Z NRQWHNฤณFLH Z\ฤ DQLDMรฃF\FK VLรท Z\]ZDฤก RUD] G\OHPDWร Z ZVSร ฤ F]HVQHM JRVSRGDUNL ]ZLรฃ]DQ\FK ] SUREOHPDW\Nรฃ ZFLHODQLD Z ล \FLH LGHL ]Uร ZQRZDล RQHJR L WUZDฤ HJR UR]ZRMXr 1D ]DNRฤกF]HQLH 2Jร OQRSROVNLHM .RQIHUHQFML 1DXNRZHM SW e*RVSRGDUND ZRGQD Z NRQWHNฤณFLH UR]ZRMX DOWHUQDW\ZQ\FK ล Uร GHฤ HQHUJLLr PLDฤ D PLHMVFH XURF]\VWRฤณรฅ REFKRGร Z OHFLD =DNฤ DGX *RVSRGDUNL :RGQHM L 6\VWHPร Z :RGQRJRVSRGDUF]\FK ,0L*: .RU]\VWDMรฃF ] RND]ML JUDWXOXMHP\ MHV]F]H UD] WDN SLรทNQHJR -XELOHXV]X SURI 8(. GU KDE Barbara SiutaTokarska GU Agnieszka Thier .DWHGUD (NRQRPLNL L 2UJDQL]DFML 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZ 8(.

39


wydarzenia

3I\MLZI 7XISW_ITVQK\_I <W_IZ{_ VI <IZOIKP TAROPAK 2019 ? LVQIKP WL ! LW !Z _ 8WbVIVQ] WLJa_IรฐI [Qฤ HG\FMD 0LรทG]\QDURGRZ\FK 7DUJร Z 7HFKQLNL 3DNRZDQLD L (W\NLHWRZDQLD 7$523$. ! XWLKbI[ S\{ZaKP 3I\MLZI 7XISW_ITVQK\_I <W_IZ{_ =-3

XZMbMV\W_IรฐI [_{R LWZWJMS Q WNMZ\ฤ LTI JQbVM[]

M

iรทG]\QDURGRZH 7UDJL 3R]QDฤกVNLH WR QLHPDO OHWQLD KLVWRULD RUJDQL]DFML NWร UD VWDฤ D VLรท OLGHUHP ZฤณUร G RฤณURGNร Z WDUJRZ\FK Z 3ROVFH L (XURSLH ฤฒURGNRZR :VFKRGQLHM =ORNDOL]RZDQH Z FHQWUXP 3R]QDQLD WHUHQ\ WDUJRZH Vรฃ MHGQ\PL ] QDMQRZRF]HฤณQLHMV]\FK RELHNWร Z Z\VWDZRZ\FK R ฤ รฃF]QHM

40

ZLHONRฤณFL SUDZLH KD 7R Zฤ DฤณQLH Z W\P PLHMVFX RGE\ZDMรฃ VLรท QDMZDล QLHMV]H Z\GDU]HQLD EUDQล RZH SUH]HQWRZDQH Vรฃ LQQRZDFMH L QRZRฤณFL ] NDล GHM G]LHG]LQ\ 3RGREQLH E\ฤ R Z GQLDFK URNX NLHG\ WR SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH EL]QHVX RUJDQL]DFMH EUDQล RZH RUD] UHSUH]HQWDQFL QDXNL VSRWNDOL VLรท Z 3R]QDQLX DE\ ]DSUH]HQWRZDรฅ VZRMH RVLรฃJQLรทFLD

L RIHUWรท GRW\F]รฃFรฃ V]HURNRUR]XPLDQHM EUDQล \ RSDNRZDฤก : SDZLORQDFK Z\VWDZLHQQLF]\FK SUH]HQWRZDฤ R VLรท Z\VWDZFร Z ] NUDMร Z Z WDNLFK VWUHIDFK MDN RSDNRZDQLD SDSLHURZH RSDNRZDQLD ] WZRU]\Z V]WXF]Q\FK RSDNRZDQLD PHWDORZH RSDNRZDQLD Z ORJLVW\FH FR SDFNDJLQJ PDV]\Q\ XVฤ XJL HW\NLHWRZDQLH L PDJD]\QRZDQLH


1D VWRLVNX WDUJRZ\P .DWHGU\ XF]HVWQLF\ 7DUJÐZ PRJOL ]DSR]QDå VL÷ ] RIHUWã EDGDġ RSDNRZDġ L ]DSDNRZDQ\FK SURGXNWÐZ MDNLH PRJã E\å UHDOL]RZDQH Z 3UDFRZQL 2SDNRZDġ PLHV]F]ãFHM VL÷ QD WHUHQLH 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH 2IHUWD GRW\F]\ğD P LQ PRőOLZRijFL PHU\WRU\F]QHJR ZVSDUFLD GOD SU]HGVL÷ELRUVWZ Z ]DNUHVLH SU]HSURZDG]HQLD EDGDġ SDUDPHWUÐZ IL]\F]Q\FK PHFKDQLF]Q\FK L Xő\WNRZ\FK RSDNRZDġ D WDNőH EDGDġ SUHIHUHQFML NRQVXPHQFNLFK .DWHGUD RIHURZDğD UÐZQLHő XVğXJL ]ZLã]DQH ] RFHQã L GRVNRQDOHQLHP RSDNRZDġ GOD UÐőQ\FK JUXS SURGXNWÐZ SRG NãWHP VSHğQLDQLD DNWXDOQ\FK Z\PDJDġ SUDZD RUD] LFK SRSUDZ\ Z ]DNUHVLH Z\PDJDġ WHFKQLF]Q\FK KLJLHQLF]Q\FK HNRORJLF]Q\FK HNRQRPLF]Q\FK L SURPRF\MQ\FK .DWHGUD 2SDNRZDOQLFWZD 7RZDUÐZ ZFKRG]ãFD Z VNğDG ,QVW\WXWX 1DXN

R -DNRijFL L =DU]ãG]DQLD 3URGXNWHP MHVW MHG\Qã WHJR URG]DMX MHGQRVWNã Z 3ROVFH NWÐUD Z VSRVÐE NRPSOHNVRZ\ Z VZHM G]LDğDOQRijFL VNXSLD VL÷ QD SUREOHPDW\FH VSHFMDOQRijFL QDXNRZHM RSDNRZDOQLFWZR 3RVLDGDMãF RIHUW÷ GOD SU]HGVL÷ELRUFÐZ RUJDQL]DFML QRQ SURILW MHGQRVWHN DGPLQLVWUDFML SDġVWZRZHM RUD] VWXGHQWÐZ L GRNWRUDQWÐZ ZVSLHUD GRUDG]D L HGXNXMH Z ]DZRG]LH VSHFMDOLVW\ GR VSUDZ SDNRZDQLD L RSDNRZDġ 1LHMHGQRNURWQLH DQJDőXMãF VğXFKDF]\ 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH MXő RG SLHUZV]\FK ODW VWXGLÐZ SRSU]H] PRőOLZRijå UR]ZLMDQLD VZ\FK ]DLQWHUHVRZDġ Z .ROH 1DXNRZ\P 2SDNRZDOQLFWZD G]LDğDMãF\P SU]\ .DWHGU]H : WUDNFLH 7DUJÐZ SUH]HQWRZDQ\ E\ğ UÐZQLHő GRUREHN QDXNRZ\ .DWHGU\ 2SDNRZDOQLFWZD 7RZDUÐZ ]JURPDG]RQ\ QD SU]HVWU]HQL ODW G]LDğDOQRijFL MHGQRVWNL 8F]HVWQLF\ 7DUJÐZ PRJOL ]DSR]QDå VL÷ ] PRQRJUDILDPL SUDFDPL QDXNRZ\PL D WDNőH Z\QLNDPL EDGDġ L HNVSHUW\] SURZDG]RQ\FK SU]H] SUDFRZQLNÐZ .DWHGU\

L Z\GDU]HQLD Z KLVWRULL ,]E\r NWÐUD SRijZL÷FRQD E\ğD tOHFLX G]LDğDOQRijFL 3ROVNLHM ,]E\ 2SDNRZDġ ZLHOROHWQLHPX SDUWQHURZL L RUJDQL]DWRURZL WDUJÐZ 7$523$. ZVSÐğSUDFXMãFHM ] .DWHGUã RG SRF]ãWNX MHM IXQNFMRQRZDQLD : WUDNFLH NRQIHUHQFML ]DSUH]HQWRZDQD ]RVWDğD UÐZQLHő PRQRJUDILD e3ROVND ,]ED 2SDNRZDġ +LVWRULD ']LDğDOQRijå /XG]LH r 3U]HZRGQLP WHPDWHP WHM SXEOLNDFML E\ğD FK÷å XWUZDOHQLD SRF]ãWNÐZ ,]E\ DNW\ZQRijFL MHM F]ğRQNÐZ RUD] SRGHMPRZDQ\FK QD SU]HVWU]HQL ODW LQLFMDW\Z L G]LDğDOQRijFL VW\PXOXMãFHM UR]ZÐM U\QNX RSDNRZDġ

wydarzenia

1D WDUJDFK VZRMã RIHUW÷ GOD EL]QHVX SUH]HQWRZDğ\ 8QLZHUV\WHW (NRQRPLF]Q\ Z 3R]QDQLX .DWHGUD -DNRijFL 3URGXNWÐZ 3U]HP\VğRZ\FK L 2SDNRZDġ RUD] 8QLZHUV\WHW (NRQRPLF]Q\ Z .UDNRZLH .DWHGUD 2SDNRZDOQLFWZD 7RZDUÐZ 3UDFRZQLF\ QDV]HM .DWHGU\ RG V]HUHJX HG\FML 7$523$. X F]\QQLH XF]HVWQLF]ã ZH ZV]\VWNLFK Z\GDU]HQLDFK WDUJRZ\FK REHMPXMãF P LQ SDWURQDWHP PHU\WRU\F]Q\P RUJDQL]RZDQLH .RQJUHVX 2SDNRZDġ L NRQIHUHQFML QDXNRZHM D WDNőH XF]HVWQLF]ãF Z SUDFDFK 6ãGX .RQNXUVRZHJR SU]\]QDMãFHJR e=ğRW\ 0HGDO 0L÷G]\QDURGRZ\FK 7DUJÐZ 3R]QDġVNLFKr

-DNR ]ZLHġF]HQLH SLHUZV]HJR GQLD NRQIHUHQFML RWZDUWD ]RVWDğD Z\VWDZD e ODW 3ROVNLHM ,]E\ 2SDNRZDġr NWÐUD GDğD PRőOLZRijå GR ]DSR]QDQLD VL÷ ] KLVWRULã ,]E\ MHM F]ğRQNDPL L ]DNUHVHP G]LDğDOQRijFL -HGQD ] HNVSR]\FML SUH]HQWRZDğD ODXUHDWÐZ RJÐOQRSROVNLHM QDJURG\ e]DVğXőRQ\ GOD SU]HP\VğX RSDNRZDġr 3RijUÐG QDJURG]RQ\FK ]QDOD]ğD VL÷ 3DQL SURI GU KDE 0DğJRU]DWD /LVLġVND .XijQLHU] t .LHURZQLN .DWHGU\ NWÐUD RWU]\PDğD WR Z\UÐőQLHQLH Z U

3RGF]DV WDUJÐZ 7$523$. PLHMVFH PLDğ\ OLF]QH Z\GDU]HQLD WRZDU]\V]ãFH Z NWÐU\FK EUDOL XG]LDğ SUDFRZQLF\ .DWHGU\ 0L÷G]\ LQQ\PL NRQIHUHQFMD e .RQFHSFMD *2= GOD RSDNRZDġ EUDQő\ VSRő\ZF]HMr RUJDQL]RZDQD SU]H] 3ROVNã ,]E÷ 2G]\VNX L 5HF\NOLQJX 2SDNRZDġ RUD] 6LHå %DGDZF]D ĞXNDVLHZLF]D t &2%52 t ,QVW\WXW %DGDZF]\ 2SDNRZDġ

:\VRNL SR]LRP PHU\WRU\F]Q\ WDUJÐZ 7$523$. MDN L ]QDNRPLWD VWURQD RUJDQL]DWRUVND QLH SR]RVWDZLDMã QDP LQQHJR Z\ERUX QLő QLHFLHUSOLZH RF]HNLZDQLH QD NROHMQã HG\FMH WUDJÐZ 7$523$. NWÐUD RGE÷G]LH VL÷ MXő ]D URN -Xő P\ijOLP\ R QRZ\FK IRUPDFK SUH]HQWDFML .DWHGU\

'R MHGQHJR ] JğÐZQ\FK Z\GDU]Hġ WRZDU]\V]ãF\FK WDUJRP QDOHőDğD NRQIHUHQFMD e:DőQLHMV]H GDW\

GU LQő %DUWğRPLHM .DEDMD .DWHGUD 2SDNRZDOQLFWZD 7RZDUÐZ ,QVW\WXW 1DXN R -DNRijFL L =DU]ãG]DQLD 3URGXNWHP

41


wydarzenia

0DJLD Mรท]\ND

8W\MVKRIรฐ _ TQVO_Q[\aKM Q VI]KbIVQ] Rฤ baS{_ WJKaKP

8WL \ISQU PI[รฐMU WLJaรฐI [Qฤ _ LVQIKP WL ! LW XIฤ LbQMZVQSI 5Qฤ LbaVIZWLW_I 3WVNMZMVKRI 6I]SW_I _ ;IIZJZย KSMV 'LH 0DJLH GHU 6SUDFKH 3URGXNWLYLWร W ,Q /LQJXLVWLN XQG )UHPGVSUDFKHQXQWHUULFKW bWZOIVQbW_IVI XZbMb 0WKP[KP]TM Nย Z <MKPVQS ]VL ?QZ\[KPIN\ LM[ ;IIZTIVLM[ ?aฤต[bฤ ;bSWรฐฤ <MKPVQSQ Q -SWVWUQQ

U

F]HVWQLNDPL =MD]GX L .RQIHUHQFML E\OL SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH QDVWรทSXMรฃF\FK XF]HOQL L RUJDQL]DFML NUDMRZ\FK 8QLZHUV\WHW 7HFKQRORJLF]QR +XPDQLVW\F]Q\ LP . 3Xฤ DVNLHJR Z 5DGRPLX 8QLZHUV\WHW ฤ ร G]NL 6]NRฤ D *ฤ ร ZQD +DQGORZD Z :DUV]DZLH 3ROLWHFKQLND *GDฤกVND 8QLZHUV\WHW =LHORQRJร UVNL 8QLZHUV\WHW (NRQRPLF]Q\ Z .UDNRZLH 8QLZHUV\WHW 3HGDJRJLF]Q\ LP .RPLVML (GXNDFML 1DURGRZHM Z .UDNRZLH 8QLZHUV\WHW :DUV]DZVNL 3ROLWHFKQLND :DUV]DZVND 1DURGRZ\ ,QVW\WXW .XOWXU\ L ']LHG]LFWZD :VL 3ROLWHFKQLND ฤฒOรฃVND )XQGDFMD 1LHVLHP\ 1DG]LHMรท 8QLZHUV\WHW (NRQRPLF]Q\ Z 3R]QDQLX 8QLZHUV\WHW (NRQRPLF]Q\ ZH :URFฤ DZLX 8QLZHUV\WHW 0RUVNL Z *G\QL 8QLZHUV\WHW -DJLHOORฤกVNL RUD] 8QLZHUV\WHW *GDฤกVNL : NRQIHUHQFML XF]HVWQLF]\ฤ R SRQDG RVร E 8F]HVWQLNDPL NRQIHUHQFML E\OL SUDFRZQLF\ QDXNRZL Mรท]\NR]QDZF\ MDN Uร ZQLHล G\GDNW\F\ ]DMPXMรฃF\ VLรท QDXF]DQLHP Mรท]\Nร Z REF\FK

42

QD XF]HOQLDFK L Z V]NRฤ DFK =H Z]JOรทGX QD SRฤ Rล HQLH JHRJUDILF]QH t EH]SRฤณUHGQLH VรฃVLHG]WZR ] )UDQFMรฃ t Mรท]\NDPL Z\Nฤ DGRZ\PL QD XQLZHUV\WHFLH Z 6DDUEUร FNHQ Vรฃ SR]D QLHPLHFNLP IUDQFXVNL RUD] DQJLHOVNL 5ร ZQLHล NRQIHUHQFMD QDXNRZD Z NWร UHM XG]LDฤ Z]LรทOL SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH XQLZHUV\WHWร Z RUD] V]Nร ฤ Z\ล V]\FK ] NUDMร Z RGE\ZDฤ D VLรท Z WU]HFK Mรท]\NDFK .RQIHUHQFMD UR]SRF]รทฤ D VLรท RG Z\VWรฃSLHQLD SURI GU 7KRPDVD 7LQQHIHOGD NWร U\ Pร ZLฤ PLรทG]\ LQQ\PL ล H 0LรทG]\QDURGRZD .RQIHUHQFMD SRฤณZLรทFRQD Mรท]\NRP REF\P RGE\ZD VLรท FR ODWD Z 6DDUEUร FNHQ *ฤ ร ZQH MHM FHOH WR V]XNDQLH NRUHODFML SRPLรทG]\ OLQJZLVW\Nรฃ VWRVRZDQรฃ L G\GDNW\Nรฃ Mรท]\Nร Z REF\FK D W\P VDP\P QDXF]DQLHP Mรท]\Nร Z REF\FK 5D]HP WZRU]รฃ RQH SRPRVW ฤ รฃF]รฃF\ WHRULรท QDXF]DQLD Mรท]\Nร Z REF\FK ] SUDNW\Nรฃ 8F]HVWQLF\ NRQIHUHQFML PRJOL Z\ELHUDรฅ Z\Nฤ DG\ NWร UH LFK V]F]HJร OQLH LQWHUHVRZDฤ \ ] SRฤณUร G SLรทFLX VHNFML 3R NDล G\P E\ฤ F]DV QD G\VNXVMรท RUD] GRGDWNRZH S\WDQLD RG XF]HVWQLNร Z

e0DJLD L SRWHQFMDฤ Mรท]\NDr t WDN EU]PLDฤ WHPDW WHJRURF]Q\FK REUDG 6รฃ RQH ]H VREรฃ EH]SRฤณUHGQLR SRZLรฃ]DQH t L WR QD Uร ล QRURGQ\FK Sฤ DV]F]\]QDFK .LHG\ OXG]LH JHQHUXMรฃ ]GDQLD L EXGXMรฃ Z\SRZLHG]L WZRU]รฃ SRWHQFMDฤ Vรฃ SURGXNW\ZQL :\NRU]\VWXMรฃF GRVWรทSQH LP ฤณURGNL EXGXMรฃ VWUXNWXU\ Mรท]\NRZH Z]RUFH Mรท]\NRZH NWร UH Vฤ Xล รฃ NRPXQLNDFML F]\OL SU]HND]RZL LQIRUPDFML Z\UDล DQLX XF]Xรฅ DNFHQWRZDQLX UHDNFML -HGQDNล H V]F]HJร OQ\P IHQRPHQHP MHVW NRPXQLNDFMD Z\UDล DQLH W\FK VWUXNWXU Z Mรท]\NDFK REF\FK -Hล HOL XF]\P\ QDV]\FK VWXGHQWร Z L XF]QLร Z DE\ E\OL Z VWDQLH Z\SRZLHG]LHรฅ VLรท XVWQLH OXE SLVHPQLH WR Zฤ DฤณQLH SU]HND]XMHP\ LP RZรฃ XPLHMรทWQRฤณรฅ MDNรฃ MHVW SRWHQFMDฤ WZRU]HQLD Z Mรท]\NX REF\P 8PRล OLZLDP\ LP SU]HNUDF]DQLH LFK Zฤ DVQHM JUDQLF\ Z Mรท]\NX REF\P D W\P VDP\P ZSURZDG]DP\ LFK Z QRZรฃ NUDLQรท FR ] MHGQDM VWURQ\ PRล H Z]PRFQLรฅ SRF]XFLH Zฤ DVQHJR VXNFHVX ] GUXJLHM ]Dฤณ VWURQ\ ฤณZLDGRPRฤณรฅ IDNWX Lล V]DQVH QDZLรฃ]\ZDQLD NRQWDNWร Z ] LQQ\PL OXGล PL L NRPXQLNRZDQLD VLรท ] QLPL


5ร ZQLHล Z W\P DVSHNFLH SRMDZLD VLรท FHFKD SRWHQFMDฤ X PDJLL Mรท]\ND L WDN QDOHล \ Mรฃ UR]XPLHรฅ 0DJLD Mรท]\ND RGQRVL VLรท WDNล H GR PLรทG]\OXG]NLFK L PLรทG]\NXOWXURZ\FK PHFKDQL]Pร Z NWร UH WZRU]รฃ VLรท SRGF]DV NRPXQLNDFML 7XWDM Uร ZQLHล SU]HNUDF]DQH Vรฃ RZH JUDQLFH Z REUรทELH SRV]F]HJร OQ\FK RVร E L WR Z REUรทELH ]Uร ล QLFRZDQHM WRล VDPRฤณFL NXOWXURZHM RUD] VRFMDOL]DF\MQHM 3RZVWDMH W\P VDP\P DXWRPDW\F]QLH VNRQVWUXRZDQD QRZD U]HF]\ZLVWRฤณรฅ t NXOWXURZ\ REUD] ฤณZLDWD ZDUWRฤณFL -HVW WR SURFHV SURGXNW\ZQ\ .LHG\ XF]รฃF\ VLรท SU]\VZDMDMรฃ VRELH Mรท]\N REF\ Z LFK Pร ]JX ]DFKRG]รฃ ]XSHฤ QLH LQQH SURFHV\ QLล Z V\WXDFML JG\E\ VLรท WHJR Mรท]\ND QLH XF]\OL 6WUXNWXU\ Pร ]JX F]ฤ RZLHND GZXMรท]\F]QHJR L ZLHORMรท]\F]QHJR Z\JOรฃGDMรฃ ]GHF\GRZDQLH LQDF]HM QLล X F]ฤ RZLHND SRVฤ XJXMรฃFHJR VLรท W\ONR MHGQ\P Mรท]\NLHP 3URGXNFMD Mรท]\NRZD PD ]DWHP EH]SRฤณUHGQL ZSฤ \Z QD UR]Zร M XP\Vฤ RZ\ F]ฤ RZLHND 5ร ZQLHล L WHQ VWDQ QLH MHVW SR]EDZLRQ\ PDJLL 2VWDWHF]QLH PRJOLE\ฤณP\ Zฤ DฤณFLZLH ZV]\VF\ VWZLHUG]Lรฅ ล H Z V\WXDFML NLHG\ Xล \ZDP\ Mรท]\ND REFHJR LQDF]HM VLรท ]DFKRZXMHP\ QLล Z V\WXDFML NLHG\ SRVฤ XJXMHP\ VLรท Mรท]\NLHP RMF]\VW\P 7R W\ONR QLHNWร UH SU]HP\ฤณOHQLD UR]ZDล DQLD L DQDOL]\ EรทGรฃFH WHPDWHP ZLHOX Z\Nฤ DGร Z L G\VNXVML 0\ MDNR OLQJZLฤณFL QDXF]\FLHOH Mรท]\Nร Z REF\FK SRฤณUHGQLF]\P\ Z SURFHVLH QDE\ZDQLD VSUDZQRฤณFL NRPXQLNRZDQLD VLรท Z Mรท]\NX REF\P =DGDQLH WR Z\PDJDMรฃFH ROEU]\PLHM NUHDW\ZQRฤณFL QLHXVWDQQLH SRZLQQR LQVSLURZDรฅ QDV GR SU]HP\ฤณOHฤก :Uร G OLF]Q\FK WHPDWร Z LVWRWQD E\ฤ D UHIOHNVMD QDG DQDOL]รฃ Eฤ รทGX 6ฤ Xล \ฤ MHM SDQHO SURZDG]RQ\ SU]H] SURI -DQD (QJEHUJD ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX Z $DUKXV 'DQLD : MDNLP VWRSQLX WROHURZDรฅ Eฤ รทG\ Mรท]\NRZH DE\ QLH GHPRW\ZRZDรฅ" 0Rล H ]RVWDZLรฅ XF]รฃFHPX VLรท ZLรทFHM SU]HVWU]HQL GR NUHDW\ZQHJR UR]ZRMX NRPXQLNDFML DXWRUHIOHNVML = GUXJLHM ]Dฤณ VWURQ\

QLH PRล QD GRSXฤณFLรฅ GR XWUZDODQLD VLรท Eฤ รทGQ\FK VWUXNWXU Mรท]\NRZ\FK ]DEXU]DMรฃF\FK SURFHV NRPXQLNDFML -DN L JG]LH VWDZLDรฅ JUDQLFH"

=DVWDQDZLDMรฃFH MHVW JG]LH WNZL SU]\F]\QD WDN Vฤ DE\FK HIHNWร Z 'ODF]HJR WDN PDฤ R JUXS WZRU]\ VLรท QD SR]LRPDFK Z\ล V]\FK % % "

: Wรท WHPDW\Nรท ZSLVDฤ VLรท Uร ZQLHล PJU -DQXV] .DZND ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH Z\FKRG]รฃF Z VZRLP Z\VWรฃSLHQLX RG DQDOL]\ Z\QLNร Z HJ]DPLQX VWDQGDU\]RZDQHJR VWXGHQWร Z 8(. NRฤกF]รฃF\FK OHNWRUDW QD SR]LRPLH % Z VNDOL (XURSHMVNLHJR 2SLVX .V]WDฤ FHQLD -รท]\NRZHJR 1DVWรทSQLH ZVND]Dฤ QD ]MDZLVND NWร UH VSUDZLDMรฃ XF]รฃF\P VLรท QDMZLรทFHM WUXGQRฤณFL L Z\VWรทSXMรฃ QDMF]รทฤณFLHM : NRฤกFRZHM ID]LH ]DSUH]HQWRZDฤ PHWRG\ NWร UH ZVSLHUDMรฃ UHGXNFMรท OLF]E\ Eฤ รทGร Z L Z]PDFQLDMรฃ DXWRQRPLรท XF]รฃF\FK VLรท

.ROHMQ\P LVWRWQ\P Z\VWรฃSLHQLHP GOD QDV XF]รฃF\FK Mรท]\ND QLHPLHFNLHJR ]DZRGRZHJR E\ฤ Z\Nฤ DG 3DQL 9LW\ .LODU ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX Z /MXEOLDQLH RUD] GU -RDQQ\ .LF 'UDJDV ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX $ 0LFNLHZLF]D Z 3R]QDQLX 1D SRGVWDZLH Z\QLNร Z DQNLHW\ SU]HSURZDG]RQHM Z URNX Z 3ROVFH EDGDMรฃFHM V]HURNR UR]XPLDQ\ EL]QHV SRG NรฃWHP SRWU]HE Z G]LHG]LQLH NRPSHWHQFML VSUDZQRฤณFL SLVDQLD Z Mรท]\NX REF\P RELH SDQLH VNXSLฤ \ VLรท QD DQDOL]LH L UR]SR]QDZDQLX SURFHVร Z NRPXQLNDFML SLVHPQHM Z Mรท]\NX QLHPLHFNLP Z REV]DU]H NRPXQLNDFML EL]QHVRZHM RUD] ]DZRGRZHM &HOHP MHVW RSUDFRZDQLH ฤณURGNร Z G\GDNW\F]Q\FK Z DVSHNFLH SU]HND]\ZDQLD XPLHMรทWQRฤณFL SLVDQLD UR]SR]QDQLD Z]DMHPQ\FK UHODFML SRPLรทG]\ NRPSHWHQFMDPL ]DZRGRZ\PL L NRPSHWHQFMDPL NOXF]RZ\PL Z REUรทELH SLVDQLD RUD] UR]SR]QDQLH L XQLNDQLH QLHSRUR]XPLHฤก XZDUXQNRZDQ\FK Z]JOรทGDPL NXOWXURZ\PL OXE Mรท]\NRZ\PL

e.UHDW\ZQH SRGHMฤณFLH GR U]HF]RZQLNร Z Z SRF]รฃWNRZHM ID]LH QDXF]DQLD Mรท]\ND REFHJRr WR WHPDW Z\VWรฃSLHQLD PJU 'RURW\ =DZDG]NLHM ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH :ฤณUร G SROVNLFK VWXGHQWร Z SRNXWXMH SU]HNRQDQLH ล H Mรท]\N QLHPLHFNL MHVW Mรท]\NLHP WUXGQ\P GR RSDQRZDQLD = WHJR SRZRGX Z\ELHUDMรฃ F]DVDPL LQQH Mรท]\NL U]HNRPR ฤ DWZLHMV]H GR QDXF]HQLD VLรท -HVW WR Z\]ZDQLH GOD OHNWRUร Z Mรท]\ND QLHPLHFNLHJR NWร U]\ PXV]รฃ XGRZRGQLรฅ ล H ZFDOH WDN QLH MHVW ล H PRล QD EH] ZLHONLHJR Z\VLฤ NX DOH WDNล H ] VDW\VIDNFMรฃ RSDQRZDรฅ WHQ Mรท]\N ,VWRWQ\ ZSฤ \Z QD RZรฃ RSLQLรท eMรท]\ND QLH GR Z\XF]HQLD VLรทr PD IDNW Z\VWรทSRZDQLD Z Mรท]\NX QLHPLHFNLP URG]DMQLND SU]HG U]HF]RZQLNLHP NWร U\ QLH SRNU\ZD VLรท ] URG]DMHP Z Mรท]\NX SROVNLP 3UHOHJHQWND ZVND]Dฤ D QD OLF]QH NUHDW\ZQH IRUP\ รฅZLF]Hฤก NWร UH VSUDZG]DMรฃ VLรท Z SRF]รฃWNRZ\P HWDSLH QDXNL L ]GHF\GRZDQLH Z]PDFQLDMรฃ DXWRQRPLรท XF]รฃF\FK VLรท 3U]HGPLRWHP UHIOHNVML SRZLQQR E\รฅ ]MDZLVNR MDNLH REVHUZXMHP\ Z RVWDWQLFK ODWDFK 0LDQRZLFLH SRฤณUร G VWXGHQWร Z UHNUXWXMรฃF\FK VLรท QD , URN VWXGLร Z QDMF]รทฤณFLHM Z\ELHUDQ\P Mรท]\NLHP GUXJLP MHVW Mรท]\N QLHPLHFNL QD SR]LRPLH $ = DQNLHW\ SU]HSURZDG]RQHM QD SLHUZV]\FK ]DMรทFLDFK Z\QLND ล H SUDZLH NDล G\ PD ]D VREรฃ OXE ODW QDXNL Mรท]\ND QLHPLHFNLHJR MDNR GUXJLHJR REFHJR Z V\VWHPLH V]NROQ\P

wydarzenia

QLH E\ฤ \E\ DEVROXWQLH PRล OLZH EH] RSDQRZDQHJR Mรท]\ND REFHJR

3U]\JRGD ] OHNWRUDWHP Mรท]\ND QLHPLHFNLHJR QD 8QLZHUV\WHFLH Z /MXEOMDQLH QLH NRฤกF]\ VLรท ZUD] ]H ]GDQLHP HJ]DPLQX :\FKRG]รฃF QDSU]HFLZ RF]HNLZDQLRP U\QNX JG]LH SRGREQLH MDN Z .UDNRZLH SRZVWDฤ R ZLHOH NRUSRUDFML D FR ]D W\P LG]LH ]QDMRPRฤณรฅ Mรท]\Nร Z REF\FK MHVW GHF\GXMรฃF\P NU\WHULXP SRGF]DV UHNUXWDFML XQLZHUV\WHW RIHUXMH VZRLP DOXPQRP NRQW\QXDFMรท OHNWRUDWX Mรท]\ND QLHPLHFNLHJR $EVROZHQFL FKรทWQLH NRU]\VWDMรฃ ]H ZVSDUFLD NWร UH SU]\ELHUD IRUPรท NXUVX ILUPRZHJR 3RGREQรฃ IRUPรท RWZDUWHJR XQLZHUV\WHWX ] RIHUWรฃ Mรท]\NRZรฃ GOD VZRLFK DEVROZHQWร Z SURZDG]L 8QLZHUV\WHW Z 3R]QDQLX .RQIHUHQFMD E\ฤ D RND]Mรฃ GR QDZLรฃ]DQLD NRQWDNWร Z ] SU]HGVWDZLFLHODPL ZLHOX RฤณURGNร Z DNDGHPLFNLFK QD DUHQLH PLรทG]\QDURGRZHM RUD] GR Z\PLDQ\ GRฤณZLDGF]Hฤก

PJU Maria Sroka-Ozimek &HQWUXP -รท]\NRZH

43


wydarzenia 0LHV]NDฤกF\ )DILND SRGF]DV -XZHQDOLร Z Z U ล Uร Gฤ R $UFKLZXP 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH .D]LPLHU] *Rฤ GDV .* t $OEXP\ IRWRJUDILL L IRWRJUDILH

Ogniwa 3DPLรทFL 2G SLรทFLX ODW FR URNX VI XWKbฤ \S] XIฤ LbQMZVQSI _ PWT] ,WU] ;\]LMVKSQMOW .Iย S =VQ_MZ[a\M\] -SWVWUQKbVMOW _ 3ZISW_QM XZba ]T :IKรฐI_QKSQMR ! VSRW\NDMรฃ VLรท SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH ฤณURGRZLVND GDZQ\FK MHJR PLHV]NDฤกFร Z

M

RW\ZHP W\FK SRZURWร Z MHVW SUDJQLHQLH XF]F]HQLD NZLDWDPL ]ฤ Rล RQ\PL SU]HG SDPLรฃWNRZรฃ WDEOLFรฃ .D]LPLHU]D *Rฤ GDVD t eSLHUZV]HJR G]LHFND 8F]HOQLr t V\QD MHM SLHUZV]\FK ZRล Q\FK Z VLHG]LELH SU]\ XO +HQU\ND 6LHQNLHZLF]D L t $QGU]HMD L 7HUHV\ *Rฤ GDVร Z GDZQHJR NLHURZQLND )DILND Z ODWDFK RUD] P LQ SRP\Vฤ RGDZF\ VWZRU]HQLD L ฤณSLHZDND FKร UX e'RPLQDQWD SUDFRZQLND 8F]HOQL SU]H] ODW =DPLHV]NLZDฤ ZUD] ] URG]LQรฃ Z Vฤ Xล ERZ\P PLHV]NDQLX QD SDUWHU]H WHJR GRPX VWXGHQFNLHJR SU]H] ODW D Z ODWDFK ZVSLHUDฤ Z NLHURZDQLX

44

)DILNLHP VZRMรฃ ล RQรท 7HUHVรท 'RURWรท *Rฤ GDV 3LHUZV]H WDNLH VSRWNDQLH PLDฤ R PLHMVFH SRGF]DV RGVฤ RQLรทFLD WDEOLF\ SDล G]LHUQLND U t MHM SRP\Vฤ RGDZFรฃ L IXQGDWRUHP E\ฤ GU 6WDQLVฤ DZ %LV]W\JD t GDZQ\ PLHV]NDQLHF )DILND L DEVROZHQW 8F]HOQL ] U 3URMHNW L WDEOLFD Z EUรฃ]LH E\ฤ \ G]LHฤ HP ร ZF]HVQHJR Pฤ RGHJR DEVROZHQWD NUDNRZVNLHM $NDGHPLL 6]WXN 3LรทNQ\FK t U]Hล ELDU]D :RMFLHFKD %DWNR D ZVSร OQHJR MHM RGVฤ RQLรทFLD GRNRQDOL SURI 8(. GU KDE LQล $QGU]HM &KRFKร ฤ t 5HNWRU 8(. 7HUHVD 'RURWD *Rฤ GDV L 6WDQLVฤ DZ %LV]W\JD

: U t SU]\ RND]ML REFKRGร Z -XELOHXV]X OHFLD SRZVWDQLD 8F]HOQL 6WDQLVฤ DZ %LV]W\JD ZVSRPLQDฤ VZRMH ]DPLHV]NLZDQLH Z )DILNX t &LHV]รท VLรท ล H PLDฤ HP KRQRU PLHV]NDรฅ w DNDGHPLNX SU]\ XO 5DFฤ DZLFNLHM = SHUVSHNW\Z\ SRQDG รฅZLHUรฅ ZLHNX ] FDฤ รฃ RGSRZLHG]LDOQRฤณFLรฃ RฤณZLDGF]DP ล H E\ฤ WR QLH]Z\Nฤ \ RNUHV Z PRLP ล \FLX >f@ = RNUHVX VWXGLร Z SRFKRG]รฃ ERZLHP QDMZVSDQLDOV]H SU]\MDล QLH WUZDMรฃFH F]รทVWR GR G]LVLDM -HฤณOL NWRฤณ Zร ZF]DV E\ฤ QRUPDOQ\ VHUGHF]Q\ XF]\QQ\ L OXELDQ\ t G]LVLDM MHVW WDNL VDP 0Rล H PD PQLHM Zฤ RVร Z L ZLรทFHM NLORJUDPร Zf $OH MHฤณOL NWRฤณ


=DFKRZDฤ HP Z SDPLรทFL ZLHOH ZVSRPQLHฤก L ZLHOH RVร E ] WHJR RNUHVX f 0LHV]NDQLH Z DNDGHPLNX XF]\ฤ R QDV G\VF\SOLQ\ XPLHMรทWQRฤณFL QDZLรฃ]\ZDQLD NRQWDNWร Z L SRUR]XPLHZDQLD VLรท 3RFKRG]LOLฤณP\ ] Uร ล Q\FK ฤณURGRZLVN R Uร ล Q\FK ฤณZLDWRSRJOรฃGDFK D MHGQDN SRWUDILOLฤณP\ ]QDOHล รฅ ZVSร OQ\ Mรท]\N L SRUR]XPLHรฅ VLรท f = UR]U]HZQLHQLHP ZVSRPLQDP NรฃSLHOH SRG SU\V]QLFHP JG]LH WU]HED E\ฤ R UH]HUZRZDรฅ PLHMVFH L eSRORZDรฅr QD FLHSฤ รฃ ZRGรท =GDU]Dฤ R VLรท ล H VWXGHQW VLรท QDP\GOLฤ L ELHJDฤ QDP\GORQ\ ER EUDNฤ R FLHSฤ HM ZRG\ $NDGHPLN E\ฤ ZLHONLP GRPHP URG]LQQ\P L GREUรฃ V]NRฤ รฃ ล \FLD f 1 2 SRWU]HELH 3DPLรทFL MDNR ]ZRUQLND WRล VDPRฤณFL OXG]NLFK ZVSร OQRW t Z W\P ZVSร OQRW\ DNDGHPLFNLHM E\OL SU]HNRQDQL Z U ร ZF]HฤณQL VWXGHQFL $NDGHPLL +DQGORZHM Z .UDNRZLH t IXQNFMRQXMรฃFHM Zร ZF]DV MHV]F]H W\ONR Z MHM Zฤ DVQHM VLHG]LELH SU]\ XO 6LHQNLHZLF]D 2Zรฃ ฤณZLDGRPRฤณรฅ ]DZDUOL ZH ZSLVLH GR

NURQLNL %UDWQLHM 3RPRF\ 6WXGHQWร Z $NDGHPLL +DQGORZHM Z .UDNRZLH t .ROHG]\ ล \MHP\ L G]LDฤ DP\ 7HJR QDP QLNW QLH ]DSU]HF]\ $OH F]DV UREL VZRMH ล \FLH QDV]H L F]\Q\ QDV]H LGรฃ Z ]DSRPQLHQLH 1LH FKFHP\ E\รฅ RGHUZDQ\P RJQLZHP ฤ DฤกFXFKD t ER WR QLH GDMH VLฤ \ :\UD]HP VLฤ \ MHVW ฤ DฤกFXFK QLHSU]HUZDQ\ 7\ONR WDNL FKFHP\ WZRU]\รฅ 0\ t ZVWรทSXMรฃF\ Z ล \FLH t QDSฤ \ZDMรฃF\P FLรฃJOH QDV]\P NROHJRP L NROHล DQNRP SUDJQLHP\ SU]HND]Dรฅ ZV]\VWNR FR ]EXGRZDOLฤณP\ MDNR SRGVWDZรท SRG QRZรฃ FRUD] V]HUV]รฃ UR]EXGRZรท 0\ ZV]\VF\ NWร U]\ E\OLฤณP\ MHVWHฤณP\ WHUD] L NWร U]\ EรทG]LHP\ SRWHP FKFHP\ WZRU]\รฅ -HGQR .URQLND QDP Z W\P SRPRล H %รทG]LH RQD ฤณODGHP QDV]HJR ล \FLD QDV]\FK P\ฤณOL XF]Xรฅ GHF\]ML L F]\Qร Z2 )DILN Z\EXGRZDQR Z U t ZWHG\ 8F]HOQLD E\ฤ D MXล XSDฤกVWZRZLRQD RG U t IXQNFMRQRZDฤ D MDNR :\ล V]D 6]NRฤ D (NRQRPLF]QD ] Jฤ ร ZQ\P DGUHVHP SU]\ XO 5DNRZLFNLHM 1DMSLHUZ PLHV]NDฤ \ Z QLP VWXGHQWNL t Z U Z OLF]ELH SRWHP SU]H] Gฤ XJLH ODWD DNDGHPLN E\ฤ SU]H]QDF]RQ\ W\ONR GOD VWXGHQWร Z QD SRF]รฃWNX ODW

SRZUร FLฤ D GR QLHJR NRHGXNDFMD Z ODWDFK VWDฤ VLรท DNDGHPLNLHP PรทVNLP E\ SR MDNLPฤณ F]DVLH QD SRZUร W SRZUร FLรฅ GR FKDUDNWHUX NRHGXNDF\MQHJR : SLHUZV]\FK GQLDFK QRZHJR MXELOHXV]RZHJR URNX DNDGHPLFNLHJR t SDล G]LHUQLND U SU]\ WDEOLF\ Z KROX )DILND VSRWNDOL VLรท UHSUH]HQWDQFL MHJR GDZQ\FK PLHV]NDฤกFร Z Z RVREDFK GU 6WDQLVฤ DZD %LV]W\JL t P LQ E\ฤ HJR VHQDWRUD 5]HF]\SRVSROLWHM 3ROVNLHM GU 7DGHXV]D %XU]\ฤกVNLHJR DEVROZHQWD 8F]HOQL ] U t SURI QDG]Z\F]DMQHJR Z *ร UQRฤณOรฃVNLHM :\ล V]HM 6]NROH +DQGORZHM Z .DWRZLFDFK RUD] PJU 0DULDQD &HEXOL DEVROZHQWD ] U SU]HGVLรทELRUF\ D Z VIHU]H G\GDNW\F]QHM Z\Nฤ DGRZF\ QD :\G]LDOH $GPLQLVWUDFML L %H]SLHF]HฤกVWZD :\ล V]HM 6]NRฤ \ (NRQRPLL 3UDZD L 1DXN 0HG\F]Q\FK LP SURI (GZDUGD /LSLฤกVNLHJR Z .LHOFDFK 0ฤ RGH SRNROHQLH PLHV]NDฤกFร Z )DILND UHSUH]HQWRZDฤ D $QQD %LฤกF]\FND t SU]HZRGQLF]รฃFD MHJR 5DG\ 0LHV]NDฤกFร Z GU Tadeusz Filar 0X]HXP 8(.

wydarzenia

Zร ZF]DV ]DFKRZ\ZDฤ VLรท MDN eNODUQHWr t HSLWHW GREU]H ]QDQ\ Z .UDNRZLH t WR SHZQLH G]LVLDM MHVW WDNL VDP L QDZHW QDMOHSV]\ Z\JOรฃG ]HZQรทWU]Q\ QLF]HJR QLH ]PLHQLf

6WDQLVฤ DZ %LV]W\JD :DOHW ] )DILND >Z @ 3DQ .D]LPLHU] .D]LPLHU] *Rฤ GDV ZH ZVSRPQLHQLDFK =HEUDฤ L RSUDFRZDฤ 7DGHXV] )LODU :\GDZQLFWZR 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH .UDNร Z V t ZVSRPQLHQLH WR E\ฤ R ]PRG\ILNRZDQ\P SU]HGUXNLHP ] e(NVSHU\PHQWX 3LVPD $NDGHPLL (NRQRPLF]QHM Z .UDNRZLHr QU PDMD U V $8(. .D]LPLHU] *Rฤ GDV .* t %UDWQLD 3RPRF .URQLND % 3 6 $ + 5SV .UDNร Z V

3U]HG WDEOLFรฃ .D]LPLHU]D *Rฤ GDVD Z KROX )DILND SDล G]LHUQLND U RG OHZHM 7DGHXV] %XU]\ฤกVNL 0DULDQ &HEXOD $QQD %LฤกF]\FND L 6WDQLVฤ DZ %LV]W\JD IRW 7DGHXV] )LODU

45


wydarzenia

8Qฤ \M 3ZISW_[SQM ;XW\SIVQM -SWVWUQ[\{_ Q 5MLaS{_ โ EKONOMED 2019โ ? \aU _aRฤ \SW_aU _aLIZbMVQ] _bQฤ รฐW ]LbQIรฐ ZLHOX ]QDNRPLW\FK JRฤณFL SU]HGVWDZLFLHOL ฤณURGRZLVN DNDGHPLFNLFK NXOWXUDOQ\FK PHG\F]Q\FK RUD] EL]QHVRZ\FK

C

RURF]QH VSRWNDQLD HNRQRPLVWร Z L PHG\Nร Z QD VWDฤ H ZSLVDฤ \ VLรท MXล Z NDOHQGDU] QDMFLHNDZV]\FK Z\GDU]Hฤก RUJDQL]RZDQ\FK Z QDV]\P PLHฤณFLH =JRGQLH ] WUDG\FMรฃ VZRLP SDWURQDWHP REMรทOL MH -0 5HNWRU 8(. SURI $QGU]HM &KRFKร ฤ RUD] 3URUHNWRU 8- &0 SURI PHG 7RPDV] *URG]LFNL

46

-DN ZVSRPLQD 3LRWU 'Uรฃล NLHZLF] t SRP\Vฤ RGDZFD VSRWNDฤก Vรฃ RQH QLHSRZWDU]DOQรฃ RND]Mรฃ GR SRGVXPRZDQLD SURZDG]RQHM SU]H] QDV DNFML SR]\VNLZDQLD ฤณURGNร Z ILQDQVRZ\FK ] SU]H]QDF]HQLHP QD ]DNXS VSU]รทWX PHG\F]QHJR GOD NUDNRZVNLFK V]SLWDOL : FLรฃJX F]WHUHFK ODW XGDฤ R VLรท QDP ]DNXSLรฅ VSU]รทW ]D RNRฤ R

]ฤ : UDPDFK WHJRURF]QHM HG\FML ]HEUDOLฤณP\ SRQDG ]ฤ ]ฤ SR]\VNDOLฤณP\ SRGF]DV VSRWNDQLD ฤฒURGNL WH SRFKRG]รฃ RG RVRE SU\ZDWQ\FK RUD] )XQGDFML *$3 =RVWDQรฃ RQH SU]H]QDF]RQH QD ]DNXS UHVHNWRVNRSX VSHFMDOQHJR XU]รฃG]HQLD Vฤ Xล รฃFHJR GR SU]HSURZDG]DQLD VNRPSOLNRZDQ\FK RSHUDFML X PDฤ \FK SDFMHQWร Z GOD


: F]รทฤณFL RILFMDOQHM VSRWNDQLD Z\VWรฃSLOL P LQ 5HNWRU 8(. SURI $QGU]HM &KRFKร ฤ RUD] 3URUHNWRU 8- &0 SURI 7RPDV] *URG]LFNL : VZRLFK SU]HPร ZLHQLDFK SRGNUHฤณODOL RQL UROรท MDNรฃ VSRWNDQLD WH SHฤ QLรฃ Z LQWHJUDFML GZร FK ฤณURGRZLVN QDXNRZ\FK HNRQRPLF]QHJR L PHG\F]QHJR 3R Z\VWรฃSLHQLDFK JRฤณFL KRQRURZ\FK UR]SRF]รทฤ D VLรท F]รทฤณรฅ ]ZLรฃ]DQD ] REFKRG]RQ\P MXELOHXV]HP :LFHSUH]\GHQW 0LDVWD .UDNRZD %RJXVฤ DZ .RฤณPLGHU ZUรทF]\ฤ SLรทFLX RVRERP PHGDOH +RQRULV *UDWLD 6รฃ WR VSHFMDOQH Z\Uร ล QLHQLD SU]\]QDZDQH SU]H] 3UH]\GHQWD 0LDVWD .UDNRZD RVRERP ]DVฤ Xล RQ\P GOD QDV]HJR PLDVWD 2WU]\PDOL MH SURI $QGU]HM &KRFKร ฤ SURI 3LRWU %Xฤ D GU 6WDQLVฤ DZ %LV]W\JD 3LRWU 'Uรฃล NLHZLF] RUD] -DQXV] 0DGHM : NROHMQHM F]รทฤณFL SURI 3LRWU %Xฤ D RPร ZLฤ SU]HELHJ ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ RUJDQL]DWRUร Z VSRWNDฤก ] G\UHNFMรฃ NUDNRZVNLHJR RGG]LDฤ X 1%3 :VSRPQLDฤ Lล ZVSร ฤ SUDFD WD UR]SRF]รทฤ D VLรท NLOND ODW WHPX NLHG\ WR G\UHNWRUHP E\ฤ SURI :LHVฤ DZ *XPXฤ D 2EHFQLH EDQNLHP NLHUXMH 3DQL .DWDU]\QD %DVLDN *Dฤ D 3RGNUHฤณOLฤ Uร ZQLHล ล H ZVSร ฤ SUDFD SRPLรทG]\ .UDNRZVNLP 6WRZDU]\V]HQLHP (GXNDFML (.2120(' L 1%3 MHVW EDUG]R GREUD &R URNX NLHURZQLFWZR EDQNX SU]HND]XMH RUJDQL]DWRURP SDUWLรท ฤณZLHล R Z\GDQ\FK SU]H]

1%3 PRQHW OXE EDQNQRWร Z 6รฃ RQH ZUรทF]DQH RVRERP ZVSร ฤ SUDFXMรฃF\P SU]\ RUJDQL]DFML NROHMQ\FK VSRWNDฤก 7\P UD]HP 3DQL .DWDU]\QD %DVLDN *Dฤ D Z WRZDU]\VWZLH VZRMHJR ]DVWรทSF\ 3DQD .U]\V]WRID -DNร ELND ZUรทF]\ฤ D WX RVRERP VUHEUQH PRQHW\ Z\GDQH SU]H] 1%3 ] RND]ML MXELOHXV]X 0X]HXP 1DURGRZHJR Z .UDNRZLH : NUDNRZVNLFK VSRWNDQLDFK HNRQRPLVWร Z L PHG\Nร Z XF]HVWQLF]รฃ Uร ZQLHล SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH 1DF]HOQHM ,]E\ /HNDUVNLHM -HM 3UH]HV t SURI $QGU]HM 0DW\MD t SU]HND]Dฤ XF]HVWQLNRP ล \F]HQLD D WU]HP RVRERP ZUรทF]\ฤ ILUPRZH Z\URE\ ]H V]Nฤ D 2WU]\PDOL MH SURI $QGU]HM &KRFKร ฤ .DWDU]\QD %DVLDN *Dฤ D RUD] 3LRWU 'Uรฃล NLHZLF] .ROHMQH Z\Uร ล QLHQLD SRFKRG]Lฤ \ RG SUDFRZQLNร Z .OLQLNL 8URORJLL 68 8- 'U 7RPDV] :LDWU MHVW XURORJLHP DOH Z ZROQ\FK FKZLODFK ]DMPXMH VLรท U\VXQNLHP 1D NDล Gรฃ QDV]รฃ LPSUH]รท SU]\JRWRZXMH SRUWUHW\ RVร E ZVND]DQ\FK SU]H] RUJDQL]DWRUร Z 7\P UD]HP E\ฤ \ WR SRUWUHW\ SURI 3LRWUD %Xฤ \ -DQD 6DGHJR $QGU]HMD 6WU]HOF]\ND -ร ]HID 6]ZDED :UรทF]\ฤ MH SURI 3LRWU &Kฤ RVWD 3UH]HV 3ROVNLHJR 7RZDU]\VWZD 8URORJLF]QHJR .LHURZQLN .DWHGU\ L .OLQLNL 8URORJLL 68 8- Z WRZDU]\VWZLH VZRLFK SUDFRZQLNร Z 1D NRQLHF WHM F]รทฤณFL 3DQ 3LRWU 'Uรฃล NLHZLF] Jฤ ร ZQ\ RUJDQL]DWRU VSRWNDฤก Z X]QDQLX ]D UR]Zร M ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ ฤณURGRZLVN PHG\F]Q\FK HNRQRPLF]Q\FK L EL]QHVRZ\FK RWU]\PDฤ RG 5HNWRUD 8(. SURI $QGU]HMD &KRFKRฤ D PHGDO

RNROLF]QRฤณFLRZ\ 8(. 7\P DNFHQWHP ]DNRฤกF]\ฤ D VLรท F]รทฤณรฅ RILFMDOQD : VDOL ]JDVฤ \ ฤณZLDWฤ D D GR VFHQ\ SRGMHFKDฤ VSHFMDOQ\ VWร ฤ ] ROEU]\PLP WRUWHP WU\VNDMรฃF\P NRORURZ\PL UDFDPL %\ฤ WR SUH]HQW RG 5HNWRUD 8(. GOD XF]HVWQLNร Z MXELOHXV]RZHJR VSRWNDQLD

wydarzenia

NOLQLNL 8URORJLL 8QLZHUV\WHFNLHJR 6]SLWDOD ']LHFLรทFHJR Z 3URNRFLPLX $NFMD ]ELHUDQLD SLHQLรทG]\ QD ]DNXS VSU]รทWX PHG\F]QHJR EรทG]LH RF]\ZLฤณFLH NRQW\QXRZDQD

: F]รทฤณFL DUW\VW\F]QHM ] EDUG]R FLHNDZ\P UHSHUWXDUHP Z\VWรฃSLฤ NUDNRZVNL ]HVSร ฤ .UDNRZ 6WUHHW %DQG 8F]HVWQLF\ SU]\MรทOL Z\VWรทS ] ZLHONLP X]QDQLHP 1DVWรทSQLH .U]\V]WRI 2ODZVNL ]QDQ\ ] WHJR ล H Z ODWDFK W\FK L W\FK SURZDG]Lฤ QDMOHSV]H Z .UDNRZLH G\VNRWHNL P LQ Z NOXEDFK =DฤณFLDQHN L )RUXP ]DSURVLฤ ZV]\VWNLFK GR WDฤกFD =DEDZD WUZDฤ D GR Sร ล Q\FK JRG]LQ QRFQ\FK -XELOHXV]RZH VSRWNDQLH SU]\JRWRZDฤ .RPLWHW 2UJDQL]DF\MQ\ Z VNฤ DG NWร UHJR ZFKRG]รฃ 6WDQLVฤ DZ %LV]W\JD 3LRWU %Xฤ D 3LRWU 'Uรฃล NLHZLF] -HU]\ +DXVQHU 0DFLHM .UDNRZLDN -DQXV] 0DGHM .U]\V]WRI 0DFKDF]ND -DQ 6DG\ -HU]\ 6]SDNRZLF] &]\ ]REDF]\P\ VLรท ]D URN" :LHOH ZVND]XMH QD WR ล H WDN Na koniec FKFLHOLE\ฤณP\ JRUรฃFR SRG]LรทNRZDรฅ 3DQX 5HNWRURZL 8(. Zฤ DG]RP L SUDFRZQLNRP 8F]HOQL ]D ROEU]\PLรฃ SRPRF RND]\ZDQรฃ QDP SU]\ RUJDQL]DFML 9 .UDNRZVNLHJR 6SRWNDQLD (NRQRPLVWร Z L 0HG\Nร Z (.2120(' 3LRWU 'Uรฃล NLHZLF] 3UH]HV .UDNRZVNLHJR 6WRZDU]\V]HQLD (GXNDFML (.2120(' Janusz Madej :LFHSUH]HV .UDNRZVNLHJR 6WRZDU]\V]HQLD (GXNDFML (.2120('

47


wydarzenia

:\Nฤ DGDรฅ QRZRF]HฤณQLH ยง \W bVIKba RIS' 5HODFMD ] ;;,9 :DUV]WDWร Z '\GDNW\F]Q\FK ;\W_IZba[bMVQI 6I]KbaKQMTQ

)SILMUQKSQKP =VQ_MZ[a\M\] -SWVWUQKbVMOW _ 3ZISW_QM

D

QLD SDล G]LHUQLND U Z VDOL SDZ % 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH RGE\ฤ \ VLรท ;;,9 :DUV]WDW\ '\GDNW\F]QH SW :\Nฤ DGDรฅ QRZRF]HฤณQLH t WR ]QDF]\ MDN" RUJDQL]RZDQH SU]H] 6WRZDU]\V]HQLH 1DXF]\FLHOL $NDGHPLFNLFK 8(. :DUV]WDW\ PLDฤ \ IRUPรท GHEDW\ Z NWร UHM Z UROL SDQHOLVWร Z Z]LรทOL XG]LDฤ โ ข 3URI 8(. GU KDE 0Dฤ JRU]DWD $GDPVND &KXG]LฤกVND t NLHURZQLN 6WXGLXP 'RVNRQDOHQLD '\GDNW\NL $NDGHPLFNLHM RUD]

48

โ ข โ ข

โ ข

โ ข

NLHURZQLN .DWHGU\ 3V\FKRORJLL L '\GDNW\NL 3URI GU KDE $QQD .DUZLฤกVND ] .DWHGU\ 6RFMRORJLL GU 0DUFLQ .รทG]LHUVNL ] .DWHGU\ 6WRVXQNร Z 0LรทG]\QDURGRZ\FK L MHGQRF]HฤณQLH HNVSHUW &HQWUXP $QDOL] .OXEX -DJLHOORฤกVNLHJR PJU $QHWD 3RZURล QLN L PJU $QQD 6WDQLVฤ DZVND 0LVFKNH t &HQWUXP 0RQLWRULQJX L 3URPRFML -DNRฤณFL .V]WDฤ FHQLD 0DJGDOHQD *UDFD t SU]HZRGQLF]รฃFD 3DUODPHQWX 6WXGHQFNLHJR 8(.

:DUV]WDW\ SURZDG]Lฤ D Z UROL PRGHUDWRUD L HNVSHUWD 3DQL 3URIHVRU 0Dฤ JRU]DWD $GDPVND &KXG]LฤกVND ]DGDMรฃF SDQHOLVWRP QDVWรทSXMรฃFH S\WDQLD &R UR]XPLHP\ SU]H] QRZRF]HVQH QDXF]DQLH" -DNLH Vรฃ RF]HNLZDQLD VWXGHQWร Z D MDNLH Z\Nฤ DGRZFร Z" -DN QDXF]Dรฅ SU]HGPLRWร Z SRGVWDZRZ\FK" &R ]PLHQLรฅ D FR SR]RVWDZLรฅ Z VSRVRELH QDXF]DQLD" :DUV]WDW\ PLDฤ \ SU]\EOLล \รฅ RSLQLH ]DUร ZQR :\Nฤ DGRZFร Z


6ฤ RZR ZVWรทSQH Z\Jฤ RVLฤ 3U]HZRGQLF]รฃF\ 6WRZDU]\V]HQLD GU 3DZHฤ 3U\VDN SRGNUHฤณODMรฃF ล H 6WRZDU]\V]HQLH 1DXF]\FLHOL $NDGHPLFNLFK 8(. UR]SRF]รทฤ R SUDFรท SRG QRZรฃ QD]Zรฃ DOH ] ]Dฤ Rล HQLHP NRQW\QXDFML GRW\FKF]DVRZHM G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFL 6WRZDU]\V]HQLD $GLXQNWร Z L :\Nฤ DGRZFร Z 8(. L ] Z\NRU]\VWDQLHP MHJR GREU\FK SUDNW\N 2 RILFMDOQH RWZDUFLH ZDUV]WDWร Z SRSURV]RQR 3URI GU KDE -DQLQรท )LOHN t 3URUHNWRU GV .V]WDฤ FHQLD L 6WXGHQWร Z t NWร UD SRJUDWXORZDฤ D LQLFMDW\Z\ L RUJDQL]DFML Z\GDU]HQLD 3URUHNWRU )LOHN VWZLHUG]Lฤ D ล H SUDFD QDG QRZRF]HVQ\PL WHFKQLNDPL QDXF]DQLD MHVW ZDล QD DOH QDOHล \ SRSDWU]Hรฅ V]HU]HM QD NV]WDฤ WRZDQLH SRVWDZ VWXGHQWร Z FR MDN ]DSURSRQRZDฤ D PRล H E\รฅ WHPDWHP QDVWรทSQHM GHEDW\ : WUDNFLH GHEDW\ SRMDZLฤ R VLรท ZLHOH FLHNDZ\FK SU]HP\ฤณOHฤก NWร UH ]RVWDฤ \ SU]HGVWDZLRQH SRQLล HM 6ฤ RZR nowoczesne WR SR]\W\ZQD NRQRWDFMD NRU]\VWDQLH ] QRZRF]HVQ\FK WHFKQLN L WUHQGร Z D nienowoczesne WR WUDG\F\MQH L NODV\F]QH %H] WHFKQRORJLL QLH Z\REUDล DP\ VRELH IXQNFMRQRZDQLD DOH nowoF]HVQRฤณรฅ WR QLHNRQLHF]QLH NRU]\VWDQLH W\ONR ] WHFKQRORJLL ,VWRWQ\P S\WDQLHP MHVW F]\ VLรท UHDOL]XMH FHOH RVร E XF]รฃF\FK VLรท F]\ VLรท QLH UHDOL]XMH F]\ QDXF]DQLH MHVW VNXWHF]QH F]\ QLHVNXWHF]QH" 1RZRF]HVQ\ WR GRVWRVRZDQ\ GR DNWXDOQ\FK Z\PRJร Z L Z\PDJDฤก 2EHFQLH PDP\ GR F]\QLHQLD ] ZLHORNXOWXURZRฤณFLรฃ L SRZV]HFKQ\P GRVWรทSHP GR LQIRUPDFML 1DMZDล QLHMV]H MHVW XF]HQLH

NU\W\F]QHJR P\ฤณOHQLD QDOHล \ XF]\รฅ ZDUWRฤณFL L MDN FKURQLรฅ QDMZDล QLHMV]H ZDUWRฤณFL ล \MHP\ Z F]DVDFK JG]LH SRWU]HEXMHP\ SURJUDPร Z G]LDฤ DQLD 5ROรฃ LQWHOLJHQFML MDNR NU\W\Nร Z VSRฤ HF]HฤกVWZD MHVW NRU]\VWDQLH ]H VZRMHM ZLHG]\ Z FHOX ZVND]\ZDQLD FR MHVW GREUH D FR ]ฤ H :\]ZDฤก GOD QRZRF]HVQHJR QDXF]DQLD MHVW EDUG]R GXล R 1RZRF]HVQ\ WR GRVWRVRZDQ\ GR DNWXDOQ\FK ZDUXQNร Z D ]DWHP Pร ZLP\ WDN QDSUDZGรท R ZVSร ฤ F]HVQ\P QDXF]DQLX 3RSU]H] QRZRF]HVQH QDXF]DQLH VWXGHQFL SUDJQรฃ Z]ERJDFDรฅ ZLHG]รท XPLHMรทWQRฤณFL L NRPSHWHQFMH D Z\]ZDQLD WHFKQRORJLF]QH VWDQRZLรฃ LFK QDWXUDOQรฃ FRG]LHQQRฤณรฅ 3RVWรทS F\IURZ\ GDMH PRล OLZRฤณรฅ NRU]\VWDQLD ] QRZLQHN Z WUDNFLH HGXNDFML GODWHJR FLHNDZH PRล H VWDรฅ VLรท Z\NRU]\VWDQLH WHOHIRQX GR SU]HND]\ZDQLD ZLHG]\ :LDU\JRGQRฤณรฅ MHVW NOXF]RZD ZREHF VWXGHQWร Z L QDXF]\FLHO PXVL XZ]JOรทGQLDรฅ Uร ล QRURGQRฤณรฅ VZRLFK XF]QLร Z NDล GH VSRWNDQLH MHVW LQG\ZLGXODQH L QLHSRZWDU]DOQH 6WXGHQFL Vฤ XV]QLH RF]HNXMรฃ ล H WR F]HJR QDXF]รฃ VLรท QD XF]HOQL SU]\GD LP VLรท Z FRG]LHQQ\P ล \FLX = NROHL Z\Nฤ DGRZF\ RF]HNXMรฃ ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ ]DDQJDล RZDQLD SU]\JRWRZDQLD L SXQNWXDOQRฤณFL ]H VWURQ\ VWXGHQWร Z 3URFHV G\GDNW\F]Q\ WR ]DWHP SURFHV NRPXQLNDFML VSRฤ HF]QHM 5ROรฃ ZVSร ฤ F]HVQHJR QDXF]\FLHOD DNDGHPLFNLHJR MHVW WZRU]HQLH ZDUXQNร Z Z MDNLFK VWXGHQFL PRJรฃ VDPRG]LHOQLH UHDOL]RZDรฅ FHOH ,VWRWQH MHVW ]QDF]HQLH XQLZHUV\WHWX MDNR PLHMVFD NU\W\F]QHJR P\ฤณOHQLD 7U]HED SU]\JRWRZ\ZDรฅ VWXGHQWร Z GR ฤณZLDWD NWร U\ QDVWรฃSL 6WRLP\ X SURJX ,9 UHZROXFML SU]HP\Vฤ RZHM ]GROQRฤณรฅ GR NRPXQLNRZDQLD VLรท PLรทG]\ PDV]\QDPL V]WXF]QD LQWHOLJHQFMD D V]NRฤ D XF]HOQLD F]รทVWR QLH Vรฃ GR WHJR SU]\JRWRZDQH 7R FR SR]RVWDQLH Jฤ ร ZQ\P ]DGDQLHP XQLZHUV\WHWX WR Vรฃ SRVWDZ\ L NRPSHWHQFMH VSRฤ HF]QH :H ZVSร ฤ F]HVQ\P ฤณZLHFLH QDOHล \ QDGรฃล Dรฅ ]D RWRF]HQLHP D XQLZHUV\WHW QLH MHVW MHG\Qรฃ ฤณFLHล Nรฃ 1DOHล \ SRฤ Rล \รฅ QDFLVN QD DNW\ZL]DFMรท VWXGHQWร Z QS G]LDฤ DOQRฤณรฅ Z NRฤ DFK QDXNRZ\FK L ZVSร ฤ SUDFรท ] RWRF]HQLHP JRVSRGDUF]\P RUD] UR]ZLMDQLH

DNW\ZL]XMรฃF\FK PHWRG QDXF]DQLD :Dล QD MHVW Uร ZQRZDJD PLรทG]\ ]PLDQรฃ D NRQW\QXDFMรฃ Z QDXF]DQLX DNDGHPLFNLP 1LH W\ONR ORQJ OLIH OHarning DOH WDNล H ZLGH OLIH OHDUQLQJ 8QLZHUV\WHW VWDMH VLรท W\ONR MHGQ\P ] ZLHOX ล Uร GHฤ ZLHG]\ L LQVSLUDFML D ]PLDQ\ SRZLQQ\ E\รฅ UHDOL]RZDQH ] RSUDFRZDQรฃ VWUDWHJLรฃ G]LDฤ DQLD L ] SUร Eรฃ RGSRZLHG]L QD S\WDQLH MDN F]HUSDรฅ ZLHG]รท RG VLHELH QDZ]DMHP"

wydarzenia

3UDFRZQLNร Z &HQWUXP 0RQLWRULQJX L 3URPRFML -DNRฤณFL .V]WDฤ FHQLD 8(. MDN L 6WXGHQWร Z QD WHPDW VSRVREร Z QDXF]DQLD RF]HNLZDฤก ] W\P ]ZLรฃ]DQ\FK RUD] HZHQWXDOQ\FK ]PLDQ :L]MD SURZDG]HQLD ]DMรทรฅ F]รทVWR Uร ล QL VLรท QLH W\ONR PLรทG]\ VDP\PL Z\Nฤ DGRZFDPL DOH Jฤ ร ZQLH QD OLQLL Z\Nฤ DGRZFD VWXGHQFL ]DWHP SR]QDQLH RSLQLL REX VWURQ Z\PLDQD SRJOรฃGร Z Z]DMHPQH ]UR]XPLHQLH MHVW LVWRWQH GOD SRGQLHVLHQLD MDNRฤณFL NV]WDฤ FHQLD

(GXNDFMD MHVW F]รทฤณFLรฃ SURFHVX VRFMDOL]DFML MHGQRVWND RF]HNXMH RG HGXNDFML ล H SR]ZROL MHM Z\JU\ZDรฅ D VSRฤ HF]HฤกVWZR RF]HNXMH RG HGXNDFML ล H XNV]WDฤ WXMH GREUHJR RE\ZDWHOD 6WXGHQFL Vรฃ QDMZDล QLHMV]รฃ F]รทฤณFLรฃ XF]HOQL LVWRWQH MHVW SRZDล QH WUDNWRZDQLH UR]ZLMDQLH ]DLQWHUHVRZDฤก L Z]DMHPQ\ V]DFXQHN 6WXGHQFL V]XNDMรฃ PHQWRUร Z L DXWRU\WHWร Z NWร U]\ ]DLQVSLUXMรฃ GR UR]ZRMX 8QLZHUV\WHW PD Z\FKRZ\ZDรฅ NU]HZLรฅ SRVWDZ\ VSRฤ HF]QH 6WXGHQFL SRZLQQL E\รฅ HOLWรฃ VSRฤ HF]HฤกVWZD 'U 3DZHฤ 3U\VDN ]DNRฤกF]\ฤ GHEDWรท SRGVXPRZXMรฃF ล H QDMZDล QLHMV]\ MHVW Z]DMHPQ\ V]DFXQHN L ZVSร OQD SUDFD 3RG]LรทNRZDฤ ZV]\VWNLP XF]HVWQLNRP ]D XG]LDฤ Z ZDUV]WDWDFK RUD] ]D SU]HND]DQH FHQQH XZDJL NWร UH NDล G\ ZH Zฤ DVQ\P ]DNUHVLH SRZLQLHQ SU]HP\ฤณOHรฅ L SU]HDQDOL]RZDรฅ GU .DWDU]\QD 6WDEU\ฤ D &KXG]LR GU 3DZHฤ 3U\VDN

49


wydarzenia

=DU]รฃG]DQLH UHVWUXNWXU\]DFMรฃ

8F]HVWQLF\ SDQHOX Z VHVML SOHQDUQHM RG OHZHM SURI GU KDE =ELJQLHZ 2OHVLฤกVNL SURI GU KDE :RMFLHFK 3DSURFNL SURI :6% GU KDE 0DUHN -DEฤ RฤกVNL RUD] PRGHUDWRU G\VNXVML SURI GU KDE %RJGDQ 1RJDOVNL

1VVW_IKaRVWฤฌฤ Q SWVS]ZMVKaRVWฤฌฤ _ WJTQKb] bUQIV

? LVQIKP WL LW XIฤ LbQMZVQSI ! ZWS] 3ZaVQKI BLZ{R XW ZIb OWฤฌKQรฐI ]KbM[\VQS{_ PLรทG]\QDURGRZHM NRQIHUHQFML QDXNRZHM SRฤณZLรทFRQHM SUREOHPDW\FH ]DU]รฃG]DQLD UHVWUXNWXU\]DFMรฃ S\{ZMR WZOIVQbI\WZMU RM[\ 3I\MLZI -SWVWUQSQ Q 7ZOIVQbIKRQ 8ZbML[Qฤ JQWZ[\_

T

HJRURF]QD NRQIHUHQFMD ]DW\WXฤ RZDQD e=DU]รฃG]DQLH UHVWUXNWXU\]DFMรฃ ,QQRZDF\MQRฤณรฅ L NRQNXUHQF\MQRฤณรฅ Z REOLF]X ]PLDQr SU]\Mรทฤ D ]D VZร M ZLRGรฃF\ FHO VWZRU]HQLH IRUXP GOD V]HURNLHM L ZLHORDVSHNWRZHM G\VNXVML ZVND]XMรฃFHM Z MDNL VSRVร E NUHRZDรฅ LQQRZDF\MQRฤณรฅ

50

SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZ DE\ PRJฤ D VLรท RQD VWDรฅ F]\QQLNLHP VW\PXOXMรฃF\P Z]URVW LFK NRQNXUHQF\MQRฤณFL D W\P VDP\P VWZDU]Dฤ D NRU]\VWQH ZDUXQNL GOD UHDOL]DFML RF]HNLZDฤก LFK LQWHUHVDULXV]\ 5HDOL]DFML WHJR FHOX Vฤ Xล \ฤ D VSUDZG]RQD IRUPXฤ D NRQIHUHQFML NWร UD RSDUWD MHVW QD LQWHJUDFML RVLรฃJQLรทรฅ ฤณURGRZLVND

DNDGHPLFNLHJR ] GRฤณZLDGF]HQLDPL SUDNW\NL JRVSRGDUF]HM RUD] QD NRQIURQWDFML GRฤณZLDGF]Hฤก SROVNLFK ] GRฤณZLDGF]HQLDPL SU]HGVWDZLFLHOL LQQ\FK NUDMร Z : NRQIHUHQFML XF]HVWQLF]\ฤ R EOLVNR RVร E UHSUH]HQWXMรฃF\FK NUDMRZ\FK XF]HOQL MDN Uร ZQLHล


: LPLHQLX RUJDQL]DWRUร Z XF]HVWQLNร Z L JRฤณFL NRQIHUHQFML SRZLWDฤ .LHURZQLN .DWHGU\ (NRQRPLNL L 2UJDQL]DFML 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZ 8(. t SURI 8(. GU KDE $QGU]HM -DNL =ZUDFDMรฃF VLรท GR SU]\E\ฤ \FK XF]HVWQLNร Z Z SLHUZV]HM NROHMQRฤณFL SRZLWDฤ 3U]HZRGQLF]รฃFHJR .RPLWHWX 1DXN 2UJDQL]DFML L =DU]รฃG]DQLD 3ROVNLHM $NDGHPLL 1DXN t SURI GU KDE %RJGDQD 1RJDOVNLHJR D WDNล H ']LHNDQD .ROHJLXP 1DXN R =DU]รฃG]DQLX L -DNRฤณFL 8(. t SURI 8(. GU KDE %HUQDUGD =LรทELFNLHJR RUD] '\UHNWRU ,QVW\WXWX =DU]รฃG]DQLD WHJR .ROHJLXP t SURI 8(. GU KDE 0Dฤ JRU]DWรท 7\UDฤกVNรฃ = XZDJL QD ]PLDQรท VWUXNWXU\ 8F]HOQL LPLHQQLH SRZLWDQH ]RVWDฤ \ WDNล H XF]HVWQLF]รฃFH Z NRQIHUHQFML RVRE\ NWร UH ] GQLHP U ]DNRฤกF]\ฤ \ SHฤ QLHQLH VZRLFK IXQNFML SURI GU KDE -DQXV] &]HNDM E 3URUHNWRU 8(. REHFQLH 3Hฤ QRPRFQLN 5HNWRUD GV 2UJDQL]DFML L 5R]ZRMX RUD] SURI 8(. GU KDE %RJXV] 0LNXฤ D E ']LHNDQ :\G]LDฤ X =DU]รฃG]DQLD 8(. REHFQLH .LHURZQLN .DWHGU\ =DFKRZDฤก 2UJDQL]DF\MQ\FK 6ฤ RZD SRZLWDQLD VNLHURZDQH ]RVWDฤ \ WDNล H GR RVร E RGSRZLHG]LDOQ\FK ]D SU]\JRWRZDQLH L SU]HELHJ NRQIHUHQFML ] SXQNWX ZLG]HQLD QDXNRZHJR L RUJDQL]DF\MQHJR 3U]HZRGQLF]รฃFHJR 5DG\ 1DXNRZR 3URJUDPRZHM .RQIHUHQFML t SURI GU KDE 5\V]DUGD %RURZLHFNLHJR 3UH]HVD =DU]รฃGX )XQGDFML 8(. t GU -DURVฤ DZD 3OLFKW\ RUD] 3U]HZRGQLF]รฃFHJR .RPLWHWX 2UJDQL]DF\MQHJR .RQIHUHQFML t GU 7RPDV]D 5RMND = XZDJL QD IDNW ล H QRZD XVWDZD R V]NROQLFWZLH Z\ล V]\P L QDXFH Z\HNVSRQRZDฤ D SRWU]HEรท ฤณFLVฤ HM ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ XF]HOQL ] LFK RWRF]HQLHP VSRฤ HF]QR JRVSRGDUF]\P

SRZLWDQR XF]HVWQLF]รฃF\FK Z NRQIHUHQFML 3U]HZRGQLF]รฃF\FK 5DG GZร FK XF]HOQL HNRQRPLF]Q\FK โ ข

3U]HZRGQLF]รฃFHJR 5DG\ 8F]HOQL 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z 3R]QDQLX 3UH]HVD =DU]รฃGX '*$ 6 $ Z 3R]QDQLX t 3DQD $QGU]HMD *ฤ RZDFNLHJR

โ ข

3U]HZRGQLF]รฃFHJR 5DG\ 8F]HOQL 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH 3UH]HVD =DU]รฃGX 03:L. 6 $ Z .UDNRZLH t 3DQD 3LRWUD =LรทWDUรท

,PLHQQH SRZLWDQL ]RVWDOL Uร ZQLHล REHFQL QD NRQIHUHQFML SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH SDUWQHUVNLFK XF]HOQL ]DJUDQLF]Q\FK RUD] SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH SUDNW\NL JRVSRGDUF]HM UHSUH]HQWXMรฃF\ QDVWรทSXMรฃFH SRGPLRW\ SDUWQHUVNLH ]DDQJDล RZDQH Z RUJDQL]DFMรท NRQIHUHQFML L XG]LHODMรฃF\ MHM RUJDQL]DWRURP ZVSDUFLD U]HF]RZHJR L ILQDQVRZHJR โ ข

*HQHUDOQHJR 3DUWQHUD .RQIHUHQFML t VSร ฤ NL 7$8521 '\VWU\EXFMD 6 $

โ ข

SR]RVWDฤ \FK 3DUWQHUร Z .RQIHUHQFML 0LHMVNLHJR 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZD :RGRFLรฃJร Z L .DQDOL]DFML 6 $ Z .UDNRZLH 0LHMVNLHJR 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZD (QHUJHW\NL &LHSOQHM 6 $ Z .UDNRZLH /XPD +ROGLQJ 6 $ $OYHQWD 6 $ RUD] $LU 7HFK %XG 6S ] R R

: LPLHQLX Zฤ DG] 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH XF]HVWQLNร Z SRZLWDฤ L RILFMDOQLH RWZRU]\ฤ REUDG\ NRQIHUHQFML 3Hฤ QRPRFQLN 5HNWRUD GV 2UJDQL]DFML 5R]ZRMX t SURI GU KDE -DQXV] &]HNDM : LPLHQLX :ฤ DG] .ROHJLXP 1DXN R =DU]รฃG]DQLX L -DNRฤณFL Jฤ RV ]DEUDฤ ']LHNDQ t SURI 8(. GU KDE %HUQDUG =LรทELFNL 6ฤ RZD SRZLWDQLD Z LPLHQLX RUJDQL]DWRUร Z NRQIHUHQFML SU]HND]Dฤ WDNล H 3U]HZRGQLF]รฃF\ 5DG\ 1DXNRZR 3URJUDPRZHM .RQIHUHQFML t SURI GU KDE 5\V]DUG %RURZLHFNL 2G NLONX ODW Jฤ ร ZQ\ W\WXฤ NRQIHUHQFML e=DU]รฃG]DQLH UHVWUXNWXU\]DFMรฃr

GRSHฤ QLDQ\ SU]H] Uร ล QH FR URNX SRGW\WXฤ \ SRGNUHฤณODMรฃFH NOXF]RZH ]DJDGQLHQLD F]รฃVWNRZH HNVSRQRZDQH Z WUDNFLH NRQIHUHQFML 7\WXฤ WHJRURF]QHM NRQIHUHQFML e=DU]รฃG]DQLH UHVWUXNWXU\]DFMรฃ ,QQRZDF\MQRฤณรฅ L NRQNXUHQF\MQRฤณรฅ Z REOLF]X ]PLDQr Z\W\F]\ฤ NOXF]RZH SUREOHP\ ]DU]รฃG]DQLD UHVWUXNWXU\]DFMรฃ SURFHVร Z JRVSRGDUF]\FK XND]\ZDQH ] SHUVSHNW\Z\ QDXNRZR EDGDZF]HM MDN Uร ZQLHล SU]H] SU\]PDW SUDJPDW\NL ZVSร ฤ F]HVQHJR EL]QHVX 2G]ZLHUFLHGOHQLHP F]รฃVWNRZ\FK ]DJDGQLHฤก ZSLVXMรฃF\FK VLรท Z WHPDW\Nรท NRQIHUHQFML E\ฤ \ W\WXฤ \ NROHMQ\FK VHVML REUDG NRQIHUHQF\MQ\FK RUD] WHPDW\ND SRGHMPRZDQD SU]H] SRV]F]HJร OQ\FK UHIHUHQWร Z

wydarzenia

]DJUDQLF]QH RฤณURGNL QDXNRZH ] 6HUELL 8QLYHUVLW\ RI .UDJXMHYDF 8NUDLQ\ .\LY ,QVWLWXWH RI %XVLQHVV DQG 7HFKQRORJ\ .\LY 1DWLRQDO 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 7UDGH DQG (FRQRPLFV /YLY 3RO\WHFKQLF 1DWLRQDO 8QLYHUVLW\ RUD] :ฤ RFK 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 0HVVLQD : REUDGDFK NRQIHUHQFML Z]LรทOL XG]LDฤ WDNล H OLF]QL SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH ฤณURGRZLVND EL]QHVRZHJR RUD] LQVW\WXFML VDPRU]รฃGRZ\FK

2EUDG\ NRQIHUHQF\MQH UR]SRF]รทฤ \ VLรท RG GZXF]รทฤณFLRZHM VHVML SOHQDUQHM ]DW\WXฤ RZDQHM =DU]รฃG]DQLH L UHVWUXNWXU\]DFMD Z JRVSRGDUFH JOREDOQHM : F]รทฤณFL SLHUZV]HM NWร UHM SU]HZRGQLF]\ฤ SURI GU KDE %RJGDQ 1RJDOVNL t 3U]HZRGQLF]รฃF\ .12L= 3$1 UHIHUHQFL NRQFHQWURZDOL VLรท QD WDNLFK Z\]QDF]QLNDFK UR]ZRMX ZVSร ฤ F]HVQHM JRVSRGDUNL MDN UHVWUXNWXU\]DFMD F\IURZ\FK PRGHOL EL]QHVX SURI :6% GU KDE 0DUHN -DEฤ RฤกVNL ] :\ล V]HM 6]NRฤ \ %DQNRZHM Z 3R]QDQLX t :\G]LDฤ =DPLHMVFRZ\ Z &KRU]RZLH ]DU]รฃG]DQLH HOHNWURPRELOQRฤณFLรฃ SURI GU KDE :RMFLHFK 3DSURFNL ]H 6]NRฤ \ *ฤ ร ZQHM +DQGORZHM Z :DUV]DZLH RUD] SRV]XNLZDQLX WXUNXVRZ\FK XZDUXQNRZDฤก SUDF\ Z SROVNLFK SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZDFK SURI GU KDE 5\V]DUG %RURZLHFNL ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH L SURI GU KDE =ELJQLHZ 2OHVLฤกVNL ] $NDGHPLL )LQDQVร Z L %L]QHVX 9LVWXOD Z :DUV]DZLH : UDPDFK GUXJLHM F]รทฤณFL REUDG Z\PLHQLRQHM VHVML RGE\ZDMรฃF\FK VLรท SRG SU]HZRGQLFWZHP SURI 1HQDGD 6WDQLxLFD ] 8QLYHUVLW\ RI .UDJXMHYDF Z\QLNL VZRLFK EDGDฤก SUH]HQWRZDOL SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH ]DJUDQLF]Q\FK ฤณURGRZLVN QDXNRZ\FK 2GQRVLฤ \ VLรท RQH GR ]DU]รฃG]DQLD SURMHNWDPL Z PDฤ \FK SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZDFK SURI =RUD $UVRYVNL L SURI 6ODYNR $UVRYVNL ] 8QLYHUVLW\ RI .UDJXMHYDF NV]WDฤ WRZDQLD 51


wydarzenia

]DSURV]RQ\FK SUHOHJHQWร Z NWร UH VWDฤ \ VLรท QDVWรทSQLH SRGVWDZรฃ GR SURZDG]RQHM Z RSDUFLX R QLH

JOREDOQ\FK ฤ DฤกFXFKร Z ZDUWRฤณFL SURI $QDWROLL 0D]DUDNL L SURI *DQQD 'XJLQHWV ] .\LY 1DWLRQDO 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 7UDGH DQG (FRQRPLFV U\]\ND SUDQLD SLHQLรทG]\ Z NRQWHNฤณFLH U\QNX NU\SWRZDOXW SURI 9LWDOLL 5\VLQ L GU 0DULLD 5\VLQ ] /YLY 3RO\WHFKQLF 1DWLRQDO 8QLYHUVLW\ PHFKDQL]Pร Z UR]ZLรฃ]\ZDQLD VSRUร Z MDNR SDUDG\JPDWX HIHNW\ZQRฤณFL ]DU]รฃG]DQLD SURI 1DWDOLLD 0D]DUDNL ] .\LY 1DWLRQDO 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 7UDGH DQG (FRQRPLFV RUD] NOXF]RZ\FK GHWHUPLQDQW SRZRG]HQLD SURMHNWร Z SURI 0DUNR 6ODYNRYLรฅ ] 8QLYHUVLW\ RI .UDJXMHYDF

โ ข

'DOV]D F]รทฤณรฅ REUDG NRQIHUHQFML RGE\ZDฤ D VLรท Z UDPDFK QDVWรทSXMรฃF\FK VHVML WHPDW\F]Q\FK โ ข

ZLHORZรฃWNRZHM G\VNXVML D W\P VDP\P NRQIURQWDFML ZLHG]\ L Z\PLDQ\ GRฤณZLDGF]Hฤก Z ]DNUHVLH ]DJDGQLHฤก ZSLVXMรฃF\FK VLรท Z WHPDW VHVML

,QQRZDF\MQRฤณรฅ SU]HGVLรทbiorstw i gospodarek t SRG SU]HZRGQLFWZHP SURI GU KDE .U\VW\Q\ 3R]QDฤกVNLHM ]H 6]NRฤ \ *ฤ ร ZQHM +DQGORZHM Z :DUV]DZLH

โ ข

.V]WDฤ WRZDQLH NRQNXUHQF\MQRฤณFL SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZ L JRspodarek t SRG NLHUXQNLHP SURI :6% GU KDE 0DUND -DEฤ RฤกVNLHJR ] ] :\ล V]HM 6]NRฤ \ %DQNRZHM Z 3R]QDQLX t :\G]LDฤ =DPLHMVFRZ\ Z &KRU]RZLH

โ ข

3URFHV\ ]PLDQ MDNR GHWHUPLQDQW\ LQQRZDF\MQRฤณFL L NRQNXUHQF\MQRฤณFL NWร UHM SU]HZRGQLF]\ฤ SURI 8(. GU KDE $QGU]HM -DNL ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH

:Dล Q\P FHOHP RUJDQL]RZDQHM RG ODW NRQIHUHQFML MHVW LQWHJURZDQLH ZLHG]\ RUD] GRฤณZLDGF]Hฤก Z ]DNUHVLH ]DU]รฃG]DQLD UHVWUXNWXU\]DFMรฃ NWร UH Vรฃ XG]LDฤ HP ฤณURGRZLVN DNDGHPLFNLFK L SU]HGVWDZLFLHOL EL]QHVX : SU]\SDGNX WHJRURF]QHM NRQIHUHQFML ]ZLรฃ]DQH WR E\ฤ R SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP ] GZRPD QDVWรทSXMรฃF\PL Z\GDU]HQLDPL RGE\ZDMรฃF\PL VLรท Z MHM UDPDFK โ ข

3RV]F]HJร OQH VHVMH WHPDW\F]QH UR]SRF]\QDฤ \ Z\VWรฃSLHQLD 52

] XG]LDฤ HP SU]HGVWDZLFLHOL SUDNW\NL JRVSRGDUF]HM

RUJDQL]RZDQ\P SR UD] WU]\QDVW\ 3DQHOHP 3UDNW\Nร Z QW 3UDJPDW\ND UHVWUXNWXU\]DFML t LQQRZDF\MQRฤณรฅ L NRQNXUHQF\MQRฤณรฅ Z REOLF]X ]PLDQ SRG SU]HZRGQLFWZHP SURI 8(. GU KDE -DURVฤ DZD .DF]PDUND ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH t VHVMรฃ REUDG NRQIHUHQF\MQ\FK

RUJDQL]RZDQ\P SR UD] MHGHQDVW\ .RQNXUVHP R 1DJURGรท /LGHUD 5HVWUXNWXU\]DFML .RQNXUV WHQ PD QD FHOX Gรฃล HQLH GR ฤณFLฤณOHMV]HM LQWHJUDFML L ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ SRPLรทG]\ ฤณURGRZLVNLHP QDXNL D SUDNW\Nรฃ EL]QHVX SRSU]H] QDJUDG]DQLH L SURPRZDQLH QDMOHSV]\FK SUDNW\N UHVWUXNWXU\]DF\MQ\FK UHDOL]RZDQ\FK Z SROVNLFK SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZDFK : ELHล รฃF\P URNX .DSLWXฤ D QDJURG\ GRFHQLฤ D L XKRQRURZDฤ D G]LDฤ DQLD UHVWUXNWXU\]DF\MQH SRGHMPRZDQH Z + &HJLHOVNL 3R]QDฤก 6 $ SU]\]QDMรฃF WHPX SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZX 6WDWXHWNรท /LGHUD 5HVWUXNWXU\]DFML :\PLHUQ\P UH]XOWDWHP WHJRURF]QHM NRQIHUHQFML Vรฃ PRQRJUDILH QDXNRZH ZVSร ฤ WZRU]RQH SU]H] MHM XF]HVWQLNร Z 3LHUZV]รฃ ] QLFK t SROVNRMรท]\F]Qรฃ >-DNL $ .UXN 6 UHG =DU]รฃG]DQLH UHVWUXNWXU\]DFMรฃ ,QQRZDF\MQRฤณรฅ L NRQNXUHQF\MQRฤณรฅ Z REOLF]X ]PLDQ :\GDZQLFWZR 712L. 'RP 2UJDQL]DWRUD 7RUXฤก @ XF]HVWQLF\ RWU]\PDOL Z WUDNFLH NRQIHUHQFML 'UXJLH Z\GDZQLFWZR t DQJORMรท]\F]QH XNDล H VLรท MDNR SXEOLNDFMD SRNRQIHUHQF\MQD $UW\NXฤ \ RSUDFRZDQH Z RSDUFLX R Z\EUDQH UHIHUDW\ XNDล รฃ VLรท WDNล H Z SXQNWRZDQ\FK F]DVRSLVPDFK QDXNRZ\FK e3U]HJOรฃG 2UJDQL]DFMLr RUD] eฤฒZLDW 1LHUXFKRPRฤณFLr SURI 8(. GU KDE Andrzej Jaki GU Tomasz Rojek .DWHGUD (NRQRPLNL L 2UJDQL]DFML 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZ ,QVW\WXW =DU]รฃG]DQLD .ROHJLXP 1DXN R =DU]รฃG]DQLX L -DNRฤณFL 8QLZHUV\WHW (NRQRPLF]Q\ Z .UDNRZLH


wydarzenia

VII Letnie Igrzyska ] 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL ? LVQIKP UIRI ! ZWS] VI =VQ_MZ[a\MKQM -SWVWUQKbVaU _ 3ZISW_QM WLJaรฐI [Qฤ 9,, HG\FMD /HWQLFK ,JU]\VN ] 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL LP SURI GU KDE %URQLVฤ DZD 0LFKHUG\ 8W[bMZbIVQM _QMLba b ZIKP]VSW_WฤฌKQ ย VIV[W_MR [\IVW_QรฐW KMT _aLIZbMVQI _ S\{ZaU ]KbM[\VQKbaTQ [\]LMVKQ ]KbMTVQ MSWVWUQKbVaKP b KIรฐMR 8WT[SQ

T

HJRURF]QH ]PDJDQLD RGE\ฤ \ VLรท MDN FR URNX G]LรทNL ]DDQJDล RZDQLX L ZVSDUFLX 2GG]LDฤ X 2NUรทJRZHJR Z .UDNRZLH 6WRZDU]\V]HQLD .VLรทJRZ\FK Z 3ROVFH RUD] VWXGHQWร Z ] .Rฤ D 1DXNRZHJR 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL 8(. G]LDฤ DMรฃFHJR SRG RSLHNรฃ GU .LQJL %DXHU SU]\ .DWHGU]H 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL .Rฤ D 1DXNRZHJR 5HZL]ML )LQDQVRZHM e$XG\Wr G]LDฤ DMรฃFHJR SRG RSLHNรฃ SURI 8(. GU KDE .DWDU]\Q\ ฤฒZLHWOL SU]\ .DWHGU]H 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL )LQDQVRZHM 8(. D WDNล H NUDNRZVNLHJR .OXEX 0ฤ RG\FK .VLรทJRZ\FK 6.Z3 3DWURQDPL PHU\WRU\F]Q\PL NRQNXUVX E\ฤ \ .DWHGUD 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL RUD] .DWHGUD 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL )LQDQVRZHM 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH 2ILFMDOQHJR RWZDUFLD NRQNXUVX GRNRQDOL SURI GU KDE 'DULXV] :รทG]NL t NLHURZQLN .DWHGU\ 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL GU ฤ XNDV] *ร UND t SUH]HV =DU]รฃGX 2 2 6.Z3 RUD] .D]LPLHU] -DURV] t ZLFHSUH]HV =DU]รฃGX 2 2 6.Z3 3U]HELHJ NRQNXUVX QDG]RURZDฤ D NRPLVMD QDXNRZD Z VNฤ DG]LH PJU 7DGHXV] .PLHFLDN t SU]HZRGQLF]รฃF\ GU 'DQXWD .U]\ZGD GU 0Dฤ JRU]DWD 6]XOF L PJU .DWDU]\QD 0RNU]\FND .DWHGUD 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL )LQDQVRZHM RUD] GU $QQD 6WDV]HO .DWHGUD 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL 3LHUZV]H GQLD XF]HVWQLF\ SUร F] ]PDJDฤก NRQNXUVRZ\FK EUDOL XG]LDฤ WDNล H Z SUHOHNFML e.QRZ \RXU HQHP\ t ULVN PDQDJHPHQWr RUJDQL]RZDQHM ZH ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ ] ,QVW\WXWHP

5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL =DU]รฃGF]HM &,0$ RUD] Z ZDUV]WDFLH e$XG\W Z SLJXฤ FH t FDVH VWXG\r RUJDQL]RZDQ\P SU]H] SDUWQHUD Z\GDU]HQLD OLGHUD QD U\QNX ILQDQVRZ\P t ILUPรท 3Z&

=DU]รฃG]DQLD D WDNล H SURI 8(. GU KDE .RQUDG *UDELฤกVNL t SUH]HV =DU]รฃGX 2GG]LDฤ X Z .UDNRZLH 6.Z3 /DXUHDWDPL NRQNXUVX ]RVWDOL 'RPLQLND .X]DN $QQD .D]LRU RUD] 'DQLHO %DUรฅ

'UXJL G]LHฤก UR]SRF]รทฤ D SUHOHNFMD :RMFLHFKD /HZDQGRZVNLHJR e-DN QLH GDรฅ VLรท ZFLรฃJQรฃรฅ Z NDUX]HOรท 9$7 RZVNรฃr 1DVWรทSQLH RGE\ฤ D VLรท 6HVMD 3RVWHURZD 3UDFH ]Jฤ RV]RQH SU]H] VWXGHQWร Z RFHQLDฤ D NRPLVMD Z VNฤ DG]LH GU 6\OZLD .UDMHZVND GU .DWDU]\QD &Kฤ DSHN .DWHGUD 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL )LQDQVRZHM RUD] GU 0DUFLQ 2VLNRZLF] .DWHGUD 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL

1D ]Z\FLรท]Fร Z L Z\Uร ล QLRQ\FK F]HNDฤ \ DWUDNF\MQH QDJURG\ ERQ\ QD V]NROHQLD XIXQGRZDQH SU]H] 6WRZDU]\V]HQLH .VLรทJRZ\FK Z 3ROVFH RUD] JDGล HW\ HOHNWURQLF]QH 2UJDQL]DWRU]\ VHUGHF]QLH G]LรทNXMรฃ SDUWQHURP Z\GDU]HQLD 3Z& 3ROVND 6S ] R R :\GDZQLFWZX 5DFKXQNRZRฤณรฅ 6S ] R R ILUPLH $8',7256 GU ฤ XNDV] *ร UND GU 0Dฤ JRU]DWD 6]XOF 6S ] R R ,QVW\WXWRZL 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL =DU]รฃGF]HM &,0$ 3DUODPHQWRZL 6WXGHQFNLHPX 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH RUD] ILUPLH &RFD FROD

: SRGVXPRZDQLX WHJRURF]QHM HG\FML ,JU]\VN Jฤ RV ]DEUDOL SURI 8(. GU KDE 0DULXV] $QGU]HMHZVNL t G]LHNDQ :\G]LDฤ X )LQDQVร Z L 3UDZD RUD] NLHURZQLN .DWHGUD 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL )LQDQVRZHM SURI 8(. GU KDE 3LRWU :ร MWRZLF] t SURG]LHNDQ :\G]LDฤ X

Sabina Blok 3UH]HV .Rฤ D 1DXNRZHJR 5DFKXQNRZRฤณFL

53


wydarzenia

,bQM[Qฤ \I MLaKRI Akademii Talentรณw 8W SWTMRVMR ZMSZ]\IKRQ ZWbXWKbaVI [Qฤ R]JQTM][bW_I G]LHVLรฃWD HG\FMD e$NDGHPLL 7DOHQWร Zr t ZVSร OQHJR SURJUDPX 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH RUD] %DQNX %13 3DULEDV XZbMbVIKbWVMOW

LTI [\]LMV\{_ VI[bMR =KbMTVQ +WZWKbVQM [bKbMO{TVฤ _IZ\WฤฌKQฤ ยถ)SILMUQQ <ITMV\{_ยช RM[\ ]UQMRฤ \VM XWรฐฤ KbMVQM XZbMSIba_IVMR _QMLba \MWZM\aKbVMR b ZMITQIUQ ฤตaKQI OW[XWLIZKbMOW Q ]UQMRฤ \VWฤฌKQIUQ XZIS\aKbVaUQ

W

OLVWRSDG]LH EU ]DNRฤกF]\ฤ D VLรท UHNUXWDFMD GR MXELOHXV]RZHM ; HG\FML SURJUDPX e$NDGHPLD 7DOHQWร Zr ZJ %13 3DULEDV 3URJUDP WHQ FRURF]QLH RG G]LHVLรทFLX ODW MHVW UHDOL]RZDQ\ Z QDV]HM 8F]HOQL SU]H] .DWHGUรท (NRQRPLNL L 2UJDQL]DFML 3U]HGVLรทELRUVWZ RUD] %DQN %13 3DULEDV 3URJUDP MHVW VNLHURZDQ\ GR VWXGHQWร Z ]DLQWHUHVRZDQ\FK WHPDW\Nรฃ ILQDQVร Z L EDQNRZRฤณFL : V]F]HJร OQRฤณFL e$NDGHPLD 7DOHQWร Z MHVW GHG\NRZDQD VWXGHQWRP ,, L ,,, URNX VWXGLร Z SLHUZV]HJR VWRSQLD RUD] , L ,, URNX VWXGLร Z GUXJLHJR VWRSQLD : UDPDFK SURJUDPX RGE\ZD VLรท F\NO VSRWNDฤก R FKDUDNWHU]H ZDUV]WDWร Z SURZDG]RQ\FK SU]H] SUDFRZQLNร Z EDQNX NWร UH PDMรฃ QD FHOX ]DSR]QDQLH VWXGHQWร Z ]H V]F]HJร ฤ DPL SUDF\ EDQNRZHM ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZD ] EDQNLHP ILQDQVร Z SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZD

=DNRฤกF]RQD Zฤ DฤณQLH GZXHWDSRZD UHNUXWDFMD GR $NDGHPLL 7DOHQWร Z UR]SRF]รทฤ D VLรท Z SDล G]LHUQLNX EU D Z Z\QLNX DQDOL]\ ZLHOX QDGHVฤ DQ\FK SURILOL NDQG\GDWร Z RUD] UR]Pร Z NZDOLILNDF\MQ\FK Z\ฤ RQLRQ\FK ]RVWDฤ R XF]HVWQLNร Z ; HG\FML SURJUDPX 6WXGHQFL &L EรทGรฃ RG JUXGQLD U GR PDMD U XF]HVWQLF]\รฅ Z VSRWNDQLDFK SRฤณZLรทFRQ\FK QDVWรทSXMรฃF\P ]DJDGQLHQLRP 6WDQGDUG\ 2EVฤ XJL .OLHQWร Z :VSร ฤ F]HVQ\ EDQNRZLHF VSU]HGDZFD ZLQG\NDWRU F]\ DQDOLW\N" 54

X EDYCJA

BANKU BNP PARIBAS DZIฤ KI CERTYFIKOWANYM WARSZTATOM Z PRAKTYKAMI DOWIESZ SIฤ : Jak wyglฤ da ล wiat bankowoล ci? Jaki jest wspรณล czesny bankowiec? Czy juลผ musisz oszczฤ dzaฤ na swojฤ emeryturฤ ?

POSZUKUJEMY studentรณw drugiego i trzeciego roku studiรณw I stopnia oraz pierwszego i drugiego roku studiรณw II stopnia

APLIKUJ JUลป TERAZ

ZGล OSZENIE

wejdลบ na stronฤ :

Czekamy na Twoje zgล oszenie do 11.11.2019 r. Pierwszy wykล ad juลผ w grudniu!

www.bnpparibas.pl/kariera/ oferty-pracy

0RMD HPHU\WXUD t F]\ MXล PXV]รท R QLHM P\ฤณOHรฅ" 5HNUXWDFMD EH] WDMHPQLF t ZDUV]WDW\ +5 :DUV]WDW QLHVSRG]LDQND 3RGVXPRZDQLH ; HG\FML $NDGHPLL 7DOHQWร Z

:V]\VWNLH VSRWNDQLD Z UDPDFK SURJUDPX SURZDG]รฃ SUDFRZQLF\ %DQNX %13 3DULEDV D Z LFK WUDNFLH UHDOL]XMรฃ LQWHUDNF\MQ\ VW\O SURZDG]RQ\FK ZDUV]WDWร Z SRSU]H] DQJDล RZDQLH XF]HVWQLNร Z Z ]DGDQLD ]ZLรฃ]DQH ] ILQDQVDPL L EDQNRZRฤณFLรฃ NWร UH F]รทVWR Z\PDJDMรฃ SU]\JRWRZDQLD PHU\WRU\F]QHJR RUD] RGZLHG]DQLD SODFร ZHN EDQNร Z L LFK VWURQ LQWHUQHWRZ\FK 7DNLH G]LDฤ DQLH GDMH

PRล OLZRฤณรฅ VSRMU]HQLD QD SUDFรท Z VIHU]H ILQDQVร Z L EDQNRZRฤณFL ] Uร ล Q\FK SHUVSHNW\Z WM ]DUร ZQR MDNR NOLHQWD SODFร ZNL SU]HGVLรทELRUF\ ILQDQVLVW\ MDN L SUDFRZQLNร Z EDQNX ]H V]F]HJร OQ\P XZ]JOรทGQLHQLHP SURFHVร Z Z\VWรทSXMรฃF\FK Z FRG]LHQQHM SUDF\ Z EDQNX 8G]LDฤ Z ]DMรทFLDFK XPRล OLZLD VWXGHQWRP Z\NRU]\VWDQLH ZLHG]\ WHRUHW\F]QHM ]GRE\WHM SRGF]DV ]DMรทรฅ Z SUDNW\FH IXQNFMRQRZDQLD EDQNX L MHJR UHODFML ] SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZHP .Dล GD HG\FMD SURJUDPX NRฤกF]\ VLรท X]\VNDQLHP SU]H] MHM XF]HVWQLNร Z FHUW\ILNDWร Z SRWZLHUG]DMรฃF\FK XG]LDฤ Z e$NDGHPLL 7DOHQWร Zr 1D XZDJรท ]DVฤ XJXMH Uร ZQLHล IDNW Lล XF]HVWQLNDPL SURJUDPX Vรฃ VWXGHQFL VSHFMDOQRฤณFL ]ZLรฃ]DQ\FK QLH W\ONR ] ILQDQVDPL L EDQNRZRฤณFLรฃ FR ZVND]XMH QD RWZDUWRฤณรฅ SU]HGVLรทZ]LรทFLD L ]Uร ล QLFRZDQLH ZฤณUร G XF]HVWQLNร Z *UDWXOXMรฃF ZV]\VWNLP XF]HVWQLNRP SRZRG]HQLD Z SURFHVLH UHNUXWDF\MQ\P ล \F]\P\ VDP\FK SR]\W\ZQ\FK ZUDล Hฤก Z F]DVLH ZDUV]WDWร Z PDMรฃF QDG]LHMรท ล H WHJRURF]QD MXELOHXV]RZD t G]LHVLรฃWD HG\FMD SURJUDPX ]DNRฤกF]\ VLรท SRGREQLH MDN SRSU]HGQLH VXNFHVHP L X]\VNDQLHP SU]H] ZV]\VWNLFK NRฤกFRZ\FK FHUW\ILNDWร Z

GU 7RPDV] 5RMHN .RRUG\QDWRU SURJUDPX e$NDGHPLD 7DOHQWร Zr


z ROBOTIC PROCESS AUTOMATION

wydarzenia

;\]LMVKQ ]KbM[\VQSIUQ [bSWTMVQI (RPA) IN CONTROLLING

:VSร ฤ SUDFD XF]HOQL ] EL]QHVHP MHVW REHFQLH SRGVWDZรฃ UR]ZRMX JRVSRGDUNL (IHNW V\QHUJLL RVLรฃJDQ\ Z Z\QLNX WHM NRRSHUDFML MXล VWDQRZL D EรทG]LH MHV]F]H EDUG]LHM NOXF] GR UR]ZRMX VSRฤ HF]HฤกVWZD SU]\V]ฤ RฤณFL 3I\MLZI -SWVWUQSQ Q 7ZOIVQbIKRQ 8ZbML[QMJQWZ[\_ _M _[X{รฐXZIKa

b W\WKbMVQMU OW[XWLIZKbaU bIXM_VQI [\]LMV\WU UWฤตTQ_Wฤฌฤ ]b]XMรฐVQMVQI _QMLba \MWZM\aKbVMR \ISฤตM XZIS\aSฤ

W

GQLX OLVWRSDGD Z UDPDFK ] ]DMรทรฅ ] SU]HGPLRWX &RQWUROOLQJ UHDOL]RZDQ\FK QD NLHUXQNX 0RGHUQ %XVLQHVV 0DQDJHPHQW ]UHDOL]RZDQ\ ]RVWDฤ ZDUV]WDW 52%27,& 352&(66 $8720$7,21 53$ ,1 &21752//,1* :DUV]WDW SRSURZDG]LOL 7UHQHU]\ 53$ UHSUH]HQWXMรฃF\FK ILUPรท )LUVW %\WH VS ] R R &HOHP ]DMรทรฅ E\ฤ R ]UR]XPLHQLH G]LDฤ DQLD MDN L RSUDFRZDQLH SU]H] VWXGHQWร Z Zฤ DVQHJR URERWD F\IURZHJR 53$ Z\NRU]\VWXMรฃF RSURJUDPRZDQLH QDU]รทG]LRZH :L]OLQN 2SURJUDPRZDQLH QDU]รทG]LRZH :L]OLQN MHVW DXWRUVNLP LQQRZDF\MQ\P SURGXNWHP NODV\ 53$ NWร UH ]RVWDฤ R RSUDFRZDQH ] Z\NRU]\VWDQLHP GRILQDQVRZDQLD SXEOLF]QHJR RIHURZDQHJR SU]H] 1&%L5 :\MฤณFLRZD NRQFHSFMD UR]ZLรฃ]DQLD RSLHUD VLรท QD Z\NRU]\VWDQLX GRVWรทSX GR SURJUDPX NRPSXWHURZHJR SRSU]H] LQWHUIHMV Xล \WNRZQLND : WHQ VSRVร E PRล OLZ\ MHVW ]DUร ZQR GRVWรทS GR GDQ\FK Z\ฤณZLHWODQ\FK QD HNUDQLH DSOLNDFML MDN L NRQWUROD MHM G]LDฤ DQLD t QD W\OH QD LOH SR]ZDOD VDPD DSOLNDFMD Xล \WNRZQLNRZL QS ZSURZDG]DQLH GDQ\FK QDZLJDFMD Z PHQX ,VWRWรฃ RSURJUDPRZDQLD QDU]รทG]LRZHJR :L]OLQN MHVW UR]ZLรฃ]DQLH SUREOHPX GRVWรทSX GR GDQ\FK Z DSOLNDFML EH] LQJHUHQFML Z MHM NRG ล Uร Gฤ RZ\ ZHZQรทWU]Qรฃ VWUXNWXUรท GDQ\FK VWUXNWXUรท ED]\ GDQ\FK DQL Z DUFKLWHNWXUรท LQIRUPDW\F]Qรฃ DSOLNDFML SU]H] RVRE\ EH] NRPSHWHQFML SURJUDPLVW\F]Q\FK : WHQ VSRVร E ]DVWรทSXMH VLรท SUDFรท UรฃN OXG]NLFK SRGF]DV

Z\NRQ\ZDQLD HOHPHQWDUQ\FK RSHUDFML ] Z\NRU]\VWDQLHP RSURJUDPRZDQLD EL]QHVRZHJR 6FHQDULXV] URERWD RSUDFRZXMH VLรท Z GHG\NRZDQ\P HG\WRU]H HNUDQRZ\P :L]OLQND 3URFHV WHQ SROHJD QD ZVND]\ZDQLX HOHPHQWร Z DSOLNDFML GR NWร U\FK PD RGZRฤ \ZDรฅ VLรท URERW RUD] DNW\ZQRฤณFL NWร UH WHQ URERW PD Z\NRQDรฅ =DSLV VFHQDULXV]D MHVW ZLรทF LQWXLF\MQ\ QLH Z\PDJD SUDF SURJUDPLVW\F]Q\FK 5RERW\ F\IURZH 53$

GHF\]MH F]ฤ RZLHND L NWร U\ Z\NRQXMH W\ONR WR GR F]HJR F]ฤ RZLHN L WDN PLDฤ XSUDZQLHQLD 2SURJUDPRZDQLH QDU]รทG]LRZH :L]OLQN Z\NRU]\VWXMH NRQWURONL NODZLDWXU\ L P\V]\ GR SRGMรทFLD G]LDฤ Dฤก L SU]HFKZ\WXMH L LQWHUSUHWXMH HOHPHQW\ *8, LVWQLHMรฃF\FK DSOLNDFML : HIHNFLH PDP\ V]\ENLH EH]SLHF]QH L HODVW\F]QH EXGRZDQLH L ZDOLGRZDQLH SURFHVร Z EL]QHVRZ\FK ZRUIORZ QD ED]LH ZLHOX DSOLNDFML L V\VWHPร Z D Z SHZQ\FK SU]\SDGNDFK t LQWHJUDFMรท DSOLNDFML 6WXGHQFL SRG F]XMQ\P RNLHP WUHQHUร Z PLHOL ZLรทF RND]Mรท GR EXGRZ\ URERWD ]GRE\ZDMรฃF W\P VDP\P SLHUZV]H GRฤณZLDGF]HQLD WDN DE\ Z SU]\V]ฤ RฤณFL SRGMรทรฅ SUDFรท QS GHYHORSHUD 53$ L DQDOLW\ND EL]QHVRZHJR 53$ 1D ]DNRฤกF]HQLH ZDUV]WDWร Z VWXGHQFL RGHEUDOL FHUW\ILNDW\ SRฤณZLDGF]DMรฃFH XNRฤกF]HQLH NXUVX

]QDMGXMรฃ ]DVWRVRZDQLH ZV]รทG]LH WDP JG]LH SUDFH Vรฃ GHILQLRZDOQH SRZWDU]DOQH L RSDUWH QD ]DSODQRZDQ\FK SURFHVDFK ]DGDQLDFK ,FK VSRVร E G]LDฤ DQLD MHVW WDNL MDN G]LDฤ DQLH Xล \WNRZQLND Z UHDOL]DFML ]DGDฤก RSDUW\FK QD UHJXฤ DFK =D SRPRFรฃ RSURJUDPRZDQLD QDU]รทG]LRZHJR :L]OLQN WZRU]\ VLรท URERWD G]LDฤ DMรฃF\ VFHQDULXV] NWร U\ DXWRPDW\]XMH F]\QQRฤณFL DOH QLH

=URERW\]RZDQD $XWRPDW\]DFMD 3URFHVร Z WR QD UD]LH FLFKD UHZROXFMD JRVSRGDUF]D NWร UD ]GRE\ZD NROHMQH REV]DU\ EL]QHVX = SHUVSHNW\Z\ F]DVX PRล H E\รฅ QLH PQLHMV]\P Z\GDU]HQLHP QLล UHZROXFMD WHFKQRORJLF]QD Z SU]HP\ฤณOH 7R MHVW MHGHQ ] NOXF]RZ\FK L SU]Hฤ RPRZ\FK HWDSร Z Z RSW\PDOL]DFML L UR]ZRMX JRVSRGDUNL EL]QHVRZHM .WR SLHUZV]\ ]DF]QLH LPSOHPHQWRZDรฅ UR]ZLรฃ]DQLD 53$ WHQ QD SROX EL]QHVRZ\P SR]RVWDZL NRQNXUHQFMรท GDOHNR Z W\OH GU Zofia Grรณdek-Szostak .DWHGUD (NRQRPLNL L 2UJDQL]DFML 3U]HVLรทELRUVWZ

55


wydarzenia

Polska ยง [\ZMNI _bZW[\] ,VQI TQ[\WXILI ! ZWS] VI <I]ZWV )ZMVQM WLJaรฐW [Qฤ ;,, )RUXP 3U]HGVLรทELRUFร Z 0Dฤ RSROVNL e3ROVND t VWUHID Z]URVWXr WZOIVQbW_IVM XZbMb ยถ,bQMVVQS 8WT[SQยช WZIb ยถ/IbM\ฤ 3ZISW_[Sฤ ยช

U

WU]\PDQLH Z\VRNLHJR SR]LRPX UR]ZRMX NUDMRZHM JRVSRGDUNL ]DWU]\PDQLH ]GROQ\FK SUDFRZQLNร Z Z ILUPDFK DNW\ZL]RZDQLH ]DZRGRZH W\FK NWร U]\ PRJรฃ DOH ] MDNLHJRฤณ SRZRGX QLH FKFรฃ SUDFRZDรฅ 0LรทG]\ LQQ\PL WDNLH WHPDW\ E\ฤ \ SRUXV]DQH SRGF]DV SRQLHG]LDฤ NRZHJR VSRWNDQLD Z UDPDFK )RUXP 3RGF]DV VSRWNDQLD SDQHOLฤณFL ]JRGQLH SU]\]QDOL ล H PLPR ]PHFKDQL]RZDQLD SURGXNFML Z ZLHOX ILUPDFK URERW\ L WDN QLH ]DVWรฃSLรฃ OXG]L L QLH EรทGรฃ OHNDUVWZHP QD FRUD] EDUG]LH SRZDล Q\ SUREOHP EUDNX UรฃN GR SUDF\ 'ODWHJR WHล QDMEOLล V]H ODWD QD U\QNX SUDF\ EรทGรฃ RNUHVHP ZDONL R SUDFRZQLND NWร U\ MXล G]Lฤณ Z ZLHOX SU]\SDGNDFK G\NWXMH ZDUXQNX ]DWUXGQLHQLD -DNR SLHUZV]D ] SDQHOLVWร Z Jฤ RV ]DEUDฤ D -DGZLJD (PLOHZLF] PLQLVWHU UR]ZRMX 7R JG]LH G]Lฤณ MHVW SROVND JRVSRGDUND WR MHVW VXNFHV SU]HGVLรทELRUFร Z LFK ZLWDOQRฤณFL L LQQRZDF\MQRฤณFL -HVWHฤณP\ GUXJLP QDMOHSLHM UR]ZLMDMรฃF\P VLรท SDฤกVWZHP Z 8QLL (XURSHMVNLHM : XELHJฤ \P URNX RVLรฃJQรทOLฤณP\ SR]LRP QLHPDO Z]URVWX SURGXNWX NUDMRZHJR EUXWWR &Lรทล NR EรทG]LH XWU]\PDรฅ WDNL SR]LRP SU]H] QDMEOLล V]H ODWD 0XVLP\ ]URELรฅ MHGQDN ZV]\VWNR ล HE\ VSDGHN E\ฤ PLQLPDOQ\

56

t Pร ZLฤ D SRGF]DV IRUXP PLQLVWHU -DGZLJD (PLOHZLF] -HGQ\P ] SDQHOLVWร Z SRGF]DV SLHUZV]HM GHEDW\ SW /XG]LH L SRP\Vฤ \ %R Z JRVSRGDUFH QDGDO NOXF]RZ\ MHVW F]ฤ RZLHN E\ฤ '\UHNWRU .UDNRZVNLHM 6]NRฤ \ %L]QHVX 8(. t SURI 8(. GU KDE 3LRWU %Xฤ D 3RGNUHฤณOLฤ RQ ล H ERJDFWZR QDURGX WZRU]\ VLรท SU]H] LQQRZDFMH WHFKQRORJLH L QRZรฃ P\ฤณO :V]\VWNR WR SRZLQQLฤณP\ URELรฅ WXWDM Z NUDMX DOH VSU]HGDZDรฅ QD ]HZQรฃWU] :WHG\ UR]Zร M JRVSRGDUNL EรทG]LH PLDฤ dobre warunki t Pร ZLฤ '\UHNWRU .6% 8(. 3LRWU %Xฤ D 3RGF]DV ;,, )RUXP 3U]HGVLรทELRUFร Z 0Dฤ RSROVNL PRJOLฤณP\ Uร ZQLHล Z\Vฤ XFKDรฅ Z\SRZLHG]L 3DQL 0Dฤ JRU]DW\

3RSฤ DZVNLHM t 3UH]HV 0Dฤ RSROVNLHM $JHQFML 5R]ZRMX 5HJLRQDOQHJR 3DQD ฤ XNDV]D 6Pร ฤ NL t ZLFHPDUV]Dฤ ND :RMHZร G]WZD 0Dฤ RSROVNLHJR 3DQL .DWDU]\Q\ :RV]F]\Q\ t ZLFHSUH]HV %XVLQHVV &HQWUH &OXE NDQFOHU]D /Rล \ 0Dฤ RSROVNLHM %%& 3DQD -DURVฤ DZD 6Xฤ NRZVNLHJR t '\UHNWRUD UHJLRQDOQHJR &HQWUXP .RUSRUDF\MQHJR 3.2 %DQNX 3ROVNLHJR Z .UDNRZLH 3DQD 5DIDฤ D 6ROHFNLHJR t '\UHNWRUD 0Dฤ RSROVNLHJR &HQWUXP 3U]HGVLรทELRUF]RฤณFL RUD] ZLHOX LQQ\FK Uร ZQLH ZDล Q\FK L FLHNDZ\FK RVRERZRฤณFL ล Uร Gฤ R KWWSV G]LHQQLNSROVNL SO [LL IRUXP SU]HGVLHELRUFRZ PDORSROVNL SROVND VWUHID Z]URVWX DU F


wydarzenia

Co HR ma wspรณlnego z marketingiem, KbaTQ W S[b\Iรฐ\W_IVQ] _QbMZ]VS] XZIKWLI_Ka BI VIUQ SWTMRVM KWZWKbVM e6SRWNDQLH ] SUDNW\NLHP +5r XWL XI\ZWVI\MU 3I\MLZa BIZbฤ LbIVQI BI[WJIUQ 8ZIKa <aU ZIbMU [\]LMVKQ [XMKRITVWฤฌKQ BIZbฤ LbIVQM BI[WJIUQ 4]LbSQUQ VI SQMZ]VS] BIZbฤ LbIVQM [XW\SITQ [Qฤ b $QQรฃ $UDN 6WDFKDF] ]Dฤ Rล \FLHONรฃ L Zฤ DฤณFLFLHONรฃ DJHQFML HPSOR\HU EUDQGLQJRZHM /RYH-RE

P

URIHVMRQDOQ\ SURFHV UHNUXWDFML L VHOHNFML ]DSODQRZDQH ZGUDล DQLH QRZHJR SUDFRZQLND GR SUDF\ MDVQR RNUHฤณORQH ZDUWRฤณFL L FHOH NWร U\PL NLHUXMH VLรท RUJDQL]DFMD SU]HP\ฤณODQH L WUDQVSDUHQWQH ฤณFLHล NL NDULHU\ RUD] SURJUDP\ UR]ZRMRZH GOD SUDFRZQLNร Z EHQHILW\ WRf ]D PDฤ R DE\ FLHV]\รฅ VLรท RSLQLรฃ GREUHJR SUDFRGDZF\ ,VWRWQD MHVW Zฤ DฤณFLZD NRPXQLNDFMD SRZ\ล V]\FK G]LDฤ Dฤก ]DUร ZQR ZHZQรฃWU] MDN L QD ]HZQรฃWU] RUJDQL]DFML 1D W\P t RJร OQLH t SROHJD LGHD NV]WDฤ WRZDQLD ZL]HUXQNX SUDFRGDZF\ F]\OL HPSOR\HU EUDQGLQJ OLVWRSDGD U VWXGHQFL VSHFMDOQRฤณFL =DU]รฃG]DQLH =DVREDPL /XG]NLPL Z]LรทOL XG]LDฤ Z VSRWNDQLX GRW\F]รฃF\P ]DJDGQLHฤก PHWRG RUD] QDMOHSV]\FK SUDNW\N NRPXQLNRZDQLD WHJR F]\P ]DMPXMรฃ VLรท G]LDฤ \ +5 Z RUJDQL]DFMDFK : SLHUZV]HM NROHMQRฤณFL SURZDG]รฃFD VSRWNDQLH $QQD $UDN 6WDFKDF] RSRZLHG]LDฤ D R W\P GODF]HJR SLDVWXMรฃF Z\VRNLH VWDQRZLVNR Z NRUSRUDFML SRVWDQRZLฤ D ] QLHM RGHMฤณรฅ L ]Dฤ Rล \รฅ Zฤ DVQรฃ ILUPรท : GURG]H G\VNXVML ZUD] ]H VWXGHQWDPL ]GHILQLRZDฤ D F]\P MHVW NV]WDฤ WRZDQLH ZL]HUXQNX SUDFRGDZF\ L GODF]HJR UROD NRPXQLNDFML MHVW WDN LVWRWQD D MHGQRF]HฤณQLH F]รทVWR EDJDWHOL]RZDQD OXE ]DQLHGE\ZDQD 1DMZLรทFHM F]DVX SRฤณZLรทFLฤ D QD SU]HGVWDZLHQLH NRQNUHWQ\FK NDPSDQLL NV]WDฤ WRZDQLD ZL]HUXQNX SUDFRGDZF\ NWร UH SU]HSURZDG]Lฤ D ZUD] ] ]HVSRฤ HP /RYH-RE .Dล G\ SU]\Nฤ DG ]DF]\QDฤ VLรท RG RSLVX NRQNUHWQHM WUXGQHM V\WXDFML ] MDNรฃ Z UDPDFK ]DU]รฃG]DQLD ]DVREDPL

OXG]NLPL ERU\NDฤ VLรท ]OHFHQLRGDZFD /RYH-REH 1DVWรทSQLH RSRZLDGDฤ D Z MDNL VSRVร E SURZDG]Lฤ D UR]PRZ\ ] NOLHQWDPL Z FHOX ]GLDJQR]RZDQLD SUREOHPX E\ Z NRQVHNZHQFML VWZRU]\รฅ L ]DSURSRQRZDรฅ RSW\PDOQH G]LDฤ DQLH ] REV]DUX +5 'Dฤ R WR PRล OLZRฤณรฅ SR]QDQLD QLH W\ONR NUHDW\ZQ\FK SRP\Vฤ ร Z L G]LDฤ Dฤก ] REV]DUX ]DU]รฃG]DQLD OXGล PL DOH WHล VSRVREร Z QD Z\NRU]\VWDQLH WHFKQLN L PHWRG ]DF]HUSQLรทW\FK ] PDUNHWLQJX GR VNXWHF]QHJR NRPXQLNRZDQLD Z\SUDFRZDQ\FK UR]ZLรฃ]Dฤก -HGQ\P ] ZQLRVNร Z E\ฤ R VSRVWU]Hล HQLH ล H NV]WDฤ WRZDQLH ZL]HUXQNX SUDFRGDZF\ WR PLHV]DQND G]LDฤ Dฤก ] SRJUDQLF]D +5 PDUNHWLQJX RUD] SV\FKRORJLL 2VWDWQLรฃ F]รทฤณFLรฃ VSRWNDQLD E\ฤ D VHULD S\WDฤก GR JRฤณFLD 6WXGHQFL FKFLHOL SR]QDรฅ VSRVRE\ NRPXQLNRZDQLD WUXGQ\FK V\WXDFML ]ZLรฃ]DQ\FK

] ]DU]รฃG]DQLHP ]DVREDPL OXG]NLPL EODVNL L FLHQLH SURZDG]HQLD Zฤ DVQHM G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFL JRVSRGDUF]HM WUXGQRฤณFL Z NRQWDNWDFK ] NOLHQWDPL RUD] LFK SR]\VNLZDQLHP 6SRWNDQLH ] 3UDNW\NLHP +5 E\ฤ R GOD VWXGHQWร Z VSHFMDOQRฤณFL =DU]รฃG]DQLH =DVREDPL /XG]NLPL PRล OLZRฤณFLรฃ SU]\JOรฃGQLรทFLD VLรท eRG NXFKQLr NLONX ]UHDOL]RZDQ\P NDPSDQLRP ] REV]DUX NV]WDฤ WRZDQLD ZL]HUXQNX SUDFRGDZF\ 3URZDG]รฃFD SRVLDGDฤ D QLH W\ONR FHQQรฃ ZLHG]รท L SUDNW\F]QH GRฤณZLDGF]HQLH DOH WHล XPLHMรทWQRฤณรฅ RWZDUWHM NRPXQLNDFML L EXGRZDQLD SR]\W\ZQ\FK UHODFML 7R FHQQH XPLHMรทWQRฤณFL NWร UH ZDUWR ]GRE\ZDรฅ DE\ RVLรฃJQรฃรฅ VXNFHV Z EL]QHVLH

GU Anna Dolot .DWHGUD =DU]รฃG]DQLD =DVREDPL 3UDF\

57


w skrรณcie

flash

1

8QLZHUV\WHW (NRQRPLF]Q\ ODXUHDWHP RJร OQRSROVNLHJR NRQNXUVX SUR0<.

Z

UDGRฤณFLรฃ LQIRUPXMHP\ ล H SURMHNW HNRORJLF]Q\FK WRUHE ] EDQHUร Z UHNODPRZ\FK UHDOL]RZDQ\ SU]H] =HVSร ฤ 3URPRFML 8(. RWU]\PDฤ QDJURGรท Jฤ ร ZQรฃ Z ,; HG\FML 2Jร OQRSROVNLHJR .RQNXUVX 3UR0<. Z NDWHJRULL 3URPRFMD 8F]HOQL L 1DXNL RUD] QDJURGรท 0LQLVWHUVWZD 1DXNL L 6]NROQLFWZD :\ล V]HJR ]D SURPRFMรท DNW\ZQRฤณFL XF]HOQL 2EHFQLH ZLHOH XZDJL SRฤณZLรทFD VLรท WHPDWRP GRW\F]รฃF\P HNRORJLL VHJUHJRZDQLD RGSDGร Z RUD] GEDQLD R QDV]รฃ SODQHWรท -HGQ\P ] WUHQGร Z NWร U\ UHSUH]HQWXMH LGHรท eHFR OLIHr MHVW XSF\NOLQJ D ZLรทF QDGDQLH eGUXJLHJR ล \FLDr U]HF]RP QLHSRWU]HEQ\P SRSU]H] SU]HNV]WDฤ FHQLH LFK OXE ]QDOH]LHQLH LP QRZHM IXQNFML ']LรทNL WHPX GDQ\ SU]HGPLRW QD QRZR VWDMH VLรท F]\Pฤณ Xล \WHF]Q\P :ฤ DฤณQLH WD NRQFHSFMD SU]\ฤณZLHFDฤ D =HVSRฤ RZL 3URPRFML 8(. SRGF]DV UHDOL]DFML SURMHNWX 8(. :HDU)DLU : UDPDFK LQLFMDW\Z\ ]RUJDQL]RZDQR ]ELร UNรท QLHSRWU]HEQ\FK EDQHUร Z UHNODPRZ\FK NWร UH QDVWรทSQLH SU]HURELRQH ]RVWDฤ \ QD PRGQH L IXQNFMRQDOQH WRUE\ $NFMD =HVSRฤ X 3URPRFML NWร UHM SU]HELHJ ]RVWDฤ V]F]HJร ฤ RZR

58

RSLVDQ\ Z SRSU]HGQLP Z\GDQLX .XULHUD 8(. ]RVWDฤ D GRFHQLRQD SU]H] NUDMRZH ฤณURGRZLVNR DNDGHPLFNLH L ]Z\FLรทล \ฤ D Z WHJRURF]QHM HG\FML RJร OQRSROVNLHJR NRQNXUVX eSUR0<.r -HJR RUJDQL]DWRUHP MHVW 6WRZDU]\V]HQLH 35 L 3URPRFML 8F]HOQL 3ROVNLFK e35RPr ]U]HV]DMรฃFH Dล SROVNLFK V]Nร ฤ Z\ล V]\FK :VSRPQLDQD QDJURGD SU]\]QDZDQD MHVW FRURF]QLH Z GZร FK NDWHJRULDFK 3URPRFMD 8F]HOQL L 1DXNL RUD] 1RZH 0HGLD ]D SRQDGSU]HFLรทWQH RVLรฃJQLรทFLD Z REV]DU]H NRPXQLNDFML SUDNW\NL L G]LDฤ Dฤก SURPRF\MQ\FK Z VHNWRU]H SROVNLHJR V]NROQLFWZD Z\ล V]HJR

โ ข

โ ข : VNฤ DG]LH .DSLWXฤ \ RFHQLDMรฃFHM QDGHVฤ DQH Z NRQNXUVLH SUDFH ]QDOHล OL VLรท โ ข 0DJGDOHQD %HP $QGU]HMHZVND 0LQLVWHUVWZR 1DXNL L 6]NROQLFWZD :\ล V]HJR โ ข 'U ,]DEHOD *RQVWDUHN 6DQWDGHU 8QLYHUVLGDGHV โ ข 3DZHฤ 6DQRZVNL ,QVW\WXW 0RQLWRURZDQLD 0HGLร Z โ ข .DUROLQD /HZDQGRZVND &HQWUXP (GXNDFML L 5R]ZRMX ()(.7< โ ข 'U %LDQND 6LZLฤกVND )XQGDFMD (GXNDF\MQD 3HUVSHNW\Z\

โ ข

โ ข

'U %HDWD &]HFKRZVND 'HUNDF] 8QLZHUV\WHW *GDฤกVNL 8UV]XOD 2NXOVND 'HEOHVVHP 3ROLWHFKQLND :DUV]DZVND (ZHOLQD :LQLHZLF] &]ฤ RQHN =DU]รฃGX e3URPr $NDGHPLD 3RPRUVND Z 6ฤ XSVNX $QQD .LU\MRZ 5DG]ND 3UH]HV =DU]รฃGX e3URPr 6**: Z :DUV]DZLH

*DOD ZUรทF]HQLD QDJUร G RGE\ฤ D VLรท SDล G]LHUQLND Z *GDฤกVNX SRGF]DV ;;;,,, .RQIHUHQFML 6WRZDU]\V]HQLD 35 L 3URPRFML 8F]HOQL 3ROVNLFK e35RPr ZVSร ฤ RUJDQL]RZDQHM SU]H] 0LQLVWHUVWZR 1DXNL L 6]NROQLFWZD :\ล V]HJR PJU Joanna Pawlik


2

w skrรณcie

hsalf Kreatywne laboratorium

W

SDล G]LHUQLNX VWXGHQFL 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR VWZRU]\OL LQLFMDW\Zรท Z UDPDFK NWร UHM ZUD] ]H VZRLPL NROHJDPL L NROHล DQNDPL ] 3ROLWHFKQLNL .UDNRZVNLHM L $NDGHPLL *ร UQLF]R +XWQLF]HM Z]LรทOL XG]LDฤ Z ZDUV]WDWDFK ] NUHDW\ZQHJR P\ฤณOHQLD : WUDNFLH WU]HFK ]DMรทรฅ ]DSURMHNWRZDOL SURGXNW\ L ]UHDOL]RZDOL VZRMH SRP\Vฤ \ SU]\ Z\NRU]\VWDQLX IUH]DUNL &1& ODVHUD &1& L GUXNDUHN '

WRUHEHN ] GUHZQD ,QLFMDW\ZD SRZVWDฤ D Z UDPDFK SURMHNWX e3RPDJDM LQQ\P t UR]ZLMDM VLHELH r :V]\VWNLFK ]DLQWHUHVRZDQ\FK ]RUJDQL]RZDQLHP Z\GDU]Hฤก

NUHDW\ZQ\FK ]DSUDV]DP GR NRQWDNWX PJU Aleksandra Witoszek .DWHGUD =DFKRZDฤก 2UJDQL]DF\MQ\FK

,QLFMDW\ZD RGE\ฤ D VLรท Z )DEODE 0Dฤ RSROVND : UDPDFK ]DMรทรฅ Z SUDFRZQL SURMHNWRZHM L GUXNX ' XF]HVWQLF\ SR]QDOL PRล OLZRฤณFL RSURJUDPRZDQLD GR WZRU]HQLD PRGHOL ' Z\NRQDOL L Z\GUXNRZDOL SURMHNW ' SURVWHJR JDGล HWX GR FRG]LHQQHJR Xล \WNX 3RGF]DV ]DMรทรฅ GRW\F]รฃF\FK IUH]DUNL &1& L ODVHUD &1& XF]HVWQLF\ QDXF]\OL VLรท WZRU]\รฅ SURMHNW\ RUD] SU]\JRWRZ\ZDรฅ SOLNL GR REUร ENL L Z\FLQDQLD 3R F]รทฤณFL WHRUHW\F]QHM ]UHDOL]RZDOL VZRMH SRP\Vฤ \ P LQ PDJQHV\ QD ORGร ZNรท EUHORNL HOHPHQW\ GHNRUDF\MQH SRGVWDZNL SRG WHOHIRQ 2JURPQ\P DWXWHP ZDUV]WDWร Z RND]Dฤ D VLรท ZVSร ฤ SUDFD WU]HFK XF]HOQL Z UDPDFK NWร UHM VWXGHQFL Z\ND]DOL VLรท Uร ล Q\PL X]XSHฤ QLDMรฃF\PL VLรท NRPSHWHQFMDPL -DN VLรท RND]Dฤ R Z\GDU]HQLH VWDฤ R VLรท LQVSLUDFMรฃ GR GDOV]HM ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ ] )DEODE ER MXล U VWXGHQFL VSRWNDMรฃ VLรท SRQRZQLH QD ZDUV]WDWDFK ] WZRU]HQLD 59


UEK - partner w biznesie

Projekt Inkubator ,QQRZDF\MQRฤณFL =-3 ยง XIZ\VMZ _ JQbVM[QM 6]DQRZQL 3DฤกVWZR

? W[\I\VQU KbI[QM =-3 UWKVW bIIVOIฤตW_Iรฐ [Qฤ _M _[X{รฐXZIKฤ b 3ZISW_[SQU +MV\Z]U 1VVW_IKaRVaKP <MKPVWTWOQQ 1667)/0 ยง [X{รฐSฤ WLXW_QMLbQITVฤ bI SWUMZKRITQbIKRฤ _aVQS{_ JILIฤก VI]SW_aKP Q XZIK ZWb_WRW_aKP ZMITQbW_IVaKP _ )/0 1667)/0 XZWU]RM UWKVW QLMฤ XZbML[Qฤ JQWZKbWฤฌKQ ISILMUQKSQMR bM [bKbMO{TVaU ]_bOTฤ LVQMVQMU SWUMZKRITQbIKRQ _รฐI[VWฤฌKQ QV\MTMS\]ITVMR _ LZWLbM J]LW_a Q ZWb_WR] [\IZ\ ]X{_

W ']LDฤ 7UDQVIHUX :LHG]\ L 3URMHNWร Z 0LรทG]\QDURGRZ\FK %XG\QHN Jฤ ร ZQ\ , SLรทWUR SRN VWRQD ZZZ EL]QHV XHN NUDNRZ SO WHO 12-293 59 08 H PDLO WUDQVIHUZLHG]\#XHN NUDNRZ SO

60

W\P URNX ,112$*+ UHDOL]XMH MXล WU]HFLรฃ HG\FMรท ZDUV]WDWร Z e=EXGXM VZร M VWDUW XSr SURJUDPX 67$57(5 -HVW WR SURMHNW Z UDPDFK NWร UHJR ,112$*+ Z VWUDWHJLF]Q\P SDUWQHUVWZLH ] ,QQR(QHUJ\ &( RUD] SLรทFLRPD NUDNRZVNLPL XF]HOQLDPL 3ROLWHFKQLNรฃ .UDNRZVNรฃ 8QLZHUV\WHWHP (NRQRPLF]Q\P Z .UDNRZLH 8QLZHUV\WHWHP -DJLHOORฤกVNLP 8QLZHUV\WHWHP 5ROQLF]\P RUD] $NDGHPLรฃ *ร UQLF]R +XWQLF]รฃ t RIHUXMH ZDUV]WDW\ L V]NROHQLD GOD SUDFRZQLNร Z GRNWRUDQWร Z RUD] VWXGHQWร Z SRVLDGDMรฃF\FK FLHNDZ\ SRP\Vฤ QD LQQRZDF\MQ\ SURGXNW OXE XVฤ XJรท :DUV]WDW\ Vรฃ SU]H]QDF]RQH GOD RVร E EXGXMรฃF\FK ]DPLHU]DMรฃF\FK EXGRZDรฅ OXE UR]ZDล DMรฃF\FK EXGRZรท Zฤ DVQHM ILUP\ VWDUW XS Z RSDUFLX R SRVLDGDQรฃ ZLHG]รท WHFKQRORJLรท XPLHMรทWQRฤณFL Z\QLNL EDGDฤก Z W\P Z\SUDFRZDQรฃ Zฤ DVQRฤณรฅ LQWHOHNWXDOQรฃ OXE PDFLHU]\VW\FK XF]HOQL

&HOHP ZDUV]WDWร Z MHVW GRVWDUF]HQLH XF]HVWQLNRP NRPSHWHQFML PHQHGล HUVNLFK L ZLHG]\ SR]ZDODMรฃF\FK WZRU]\รฅ RUD] UR]ZLMDรฅ QRZH LQQRZDF\MQH SU]HGVLรทZ]LรทFLH EL]QHVRZH Z W\P ZLHG]\ R ]DVDGDFK L XZDUXQNRZDQLDFK QLH]EรทGQ\FK GR XWZRU]HQLD DNDGHPLFNLHJR VWDUW XSX RUD] ]DNRฤกF]RQHJR VXNFHVHP MHJR ZSURZDG]HQLD QD U\QHN D WDNล H SR]\VNDQLD SDUWQHUร Z L ILQDQVRZDQLD WHJR SURFHVX %\ Pร F XF]HVWQLF]\รฅ Z ]DMรทFLDFK QDOHล Dฤ R P LQ ]Jฤ RVLรฅ VZร M SRP\Vฤ L RSLVDรฅ MHJR LQQRZDF\MQRฤณรฅ ZVND]Dรฅ VNฤ DG ]HVSRฤ X Z UDPDFK NWร UHJR UR]ZLMDQ\ EรทG]LH SRP\Vฤ L SU]HMฤณรฅ SURFHV ZHU\ILNDFML 2VWDWHF]QLH ZSฤ \Qรทฤ R DSOLNDFML GR XG]LDฤ X Z ZDUV]WDWDFK e=EXGXM VZร M VWDUW XSr SURJUDPX 67$57(5 -HฤณOL FKRG]L R ]Jฤ RV]RQH ZQLRVNL UHSUH]HQWDQWร Z $*+ t ZQLRVNร Z 8- t ZQLRVNร Z 8(. t ZQLRVNร Z 3. t ZQLRVNL 85 t

ZQLRVNL Z W\P MHGQR ]Jฤ RV]HQLH ]HVSRฤ X PLHV]DQHJR 8(. 8- 'R XG]LDฤ X Z ZDUV]WDWDFK Z\EUDQR ]HVSRฤ ร Z Z VNฤ DG NWร U\FK ZHV]ฤ R Dล ]HVSRฤ \ UHSUH]HQWXMรฃFH QDV]รฃ 8F]HOQLรท :ฤณUร G SRP\Vฤ ร Z ]QDOD]ฤ \ VLรท DSOLNDFMD t DV\VWHQW Z\QDMPX QLHUXFKRPRฤณFL DSOLNDFMD PRELOQD eLQYLr XPRล OLZLDMรฃFD NRQWDNW SRPLรทG]\ JRฤณรฅPL ]DSURV]RQ\PL QD ZHVHOH D SU]\V]ฤ \PL PDฤ ล RQNDPL RUD] e385,*2r t SODWIRUPD QD NWร UHM PRล QD ]DPร ZLรฅ SURIHVMRQDOQ\ VHUZLV ILUP\ VSU]รฃWDMรฃFHM QD ]DVDGDFK SODQX VXEVNU\SF\MQHJR UR]V]HU]RQHM R GRVWรทS Z MHGQHM ZLWU\QLH GR LQQ\FK XVฤ XJ ] ]DNUHVX RIILFH PDQDJHPHQWX 1D SRGNUHฤณOHQLH ]DVฤ XJXMH IDNW ล H SRP\Vฤ \ WH Vรฃ HIHNWHP SUDF\ L ]DDQJDล RZDQLD VWXGHQWร Z QDV]HM $OPD 0DWHU RUD] ล H RWU]\PDฤ \ Z\VRNLH RFHQ\ ]HVSRฤ X HNVSHUWร Z Z VNฤ DG


UEK - partner w biznesie

NWร UHJR ZFKRG]LOL SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH &HQWUXP 7UDQVIHUX 7HFKQRORJLL &,7758 8QLZHUV\WHWX -DJLHOORฤกVNLHJR ,112$*+ RUD] ,QQR(QHUJ\ =DMรทFLD UR]SRF]รทฤ \ VLรท RILFMDOQLH OLVWRSDGD QD $*+ 3ODQRZDQ\FK MHVW ZDUV]WDWร Z WDNล H QD 8- D SUREOHPDW\ND SRUXV]DQD Z WUDNFLH WR P LQ PRGHO EL]QHVRZ\ VWUDWHJLH U\QNRZH L VSU]HGDล RZH SUDZR NVLรทJRZRฤณรฅ L ILQDQVH SLHUZV]H NURNL VWDUW XSpX LQZHVW\FMH V\PXODF\MQD JUD EL]QHVRZD SLWFK t F]\OL MDN ]DSUH]HQWRZDรฅ VLรท GREU]H SU]HG LQZHVWRUDPL L EUDQล รฃ .RฤกFHP VW\F]QLD SU]\V]ฤ HJR URNX ZV]\VWNLH ]HVSRฤ \ EรทGรฃ PLHรฅ PRล OLZRฤณรฅ ]DSUH]HQWRZDQLD VZRLFK SRP\Vฤ ร Z EL]QHVRZ\FK SU]HG SURIHVMRQDOQ\PL LQZHVWRUDPL EUDQล RZ\PL SRGF]DV W]Z e'HPR'D\r 1DMOHSV]H SRP\Vฤ \ PRJรฃ X]\VNDรฅ ILQDQVRZDQLH L ZVSDUFLH PHQWRUVNLH 1DOHล \ PRFQR SRGNUHฤณOLรฅ Lล SRPLPR ล H QDV]D XF]HOQLD QLH NV]WDฤ FL EH]SRฤณUHGQLR LQล \QLHUร Z t VSHFMDOLVWร Z LQIRUPDW\Nร Z SURJUDPLVWร Z WR MHGQDN SRP\Vฤ \ NWร UH ]RVWDฤ \ ]Jฤ RV]RQH Z SURMHNFLH e=EXGXM VZร M VWDUW XSr SURJUDPX 67$57(5 Vรฃ Zฤ DฤณQLH ]ZLรฃ]DQH ] UR]ZRMHP DSOLNDFML LQWHUQHWRZ\FK L PRELOQ\FK D FR ZDล QH Vรฃ EDUG]R LQQRZDF\MQH 8WZLHUG]D WR WDNล H Z SU]HฤณZLDGF]HQLX ล H QDOHล \ ZVSLHUDรฅ VWXGHQWร Z Z DNW\ZQRฤณFL EL]QHVRZHM ]DFKรทFDรฅ DOH WDNล H SRPDJDรฅ LP RG VWURQ\ ILQDQVRZHM PDUNHWLQJRZHM L ]DU]รฃGF]HM JG\ล Vรฃ WR ]DJDGQLHQLD L DVSHNW\ QLH]EรทGQH GOD SU]\V]ฤ HJR SU]HGVLรทELRUF\ NWร U\PL MDN ZLGDรฅ t ]DPLHU]D E\รฅ ZLHOX QDV]\FK VWXGHQWร Z : RVWDWQLP F]DVLH SUDFRZQLF\ ']LDฤ X 7UDQVIHUX :LHG]\ L 3URMHNWร Z 0LรทG]\QDURGRZ\FK 8(. DNW\ZQLH Zฤ รฃF]DOL VLรท Z SRPRF SU]\ UHDOL]DFML SURMHNWร Z WZRU]RQ\FK SU]H] SUDFRZQLNร Z QDV]HM 8F]HOQL NWร UH Z\NRQ\ZDQH Vรฃ Z UDPDFK SUDF SU]HGZGURล HQLRZ\FK QD G]LDฤ DQLD ]ZLรฃ]DQH ] UHDOL]DFMรฃ SURFHVX NRPHUFMDOL]DFML :LรทFHM R SRV]F]HJร OQ\FK SURMHNWDFK QDSLV]HP\ Z NROHMQ\P QXPHU]H e.XULHUD 8(.r 1D ]DNRฤกF]HQLH WHJR

SURMHNWX SODQRZDQD MHVW GXล D JDOD Z $XG\WRULXP 0D[LPXP 8- Z GQ U %รทG]LH WR Z\GDU]HQLH Z WUDNFLH NWร UHJR ]HVSRฤ \ EDGDZF]H UHDOL]XMรฃFH VZRMH SURMHNW\ t ]DSUH]HQWXMรฃ UH]XOWDW\ SURZDG]RQ\FK EDGDฤก SU]HGZGURล HQLRZ\FK VILQDQVRZDQ\FK SU]H] ']LDฤ 7UDQVIHUX :LHG]\ L 3URMHNWร Z 0LรทG]\QDURGRZ\FK ]H ฤณURGNร Z SURMHNWX e,QNXEDWRU ,QQRZDF\MQRฤณFL r JUXGQLD EU EรทG]LH ]RUJDQL]RZDQD Z 8(. GXล D NRQIHUHQFMD QDXNRZD SW e*5<:$/,=$&-$ Z HGXNDFML L EL]QHVLHr SRGF]DV NWร UHM SODQRZDQH Vรฃ EDUG]R FLHNDZH Z\VWรฃSLHQLD SUDFRZQLNร Z QDXNRZ\FK DOH WDNล H SU]HGVWDZLFLHOL EL]QHVX L ILUP NWร UH SURIHVMRQDOQLH ]DMPXMรฃ VLรท ZGUDล DQLHP JU\ZDOL]DFML Z EL]QHVLH L Z HGXNDFML %รทG]LH PRล QD GRZLHG]LHรฅ VLรท F]\P MHVW JU\ZDOL]DFMD MDN ZGURล \รฅ Mรฃ Z ILUPLH E\ EDUG]LHM ]PRW\ZRZDรฅ GR DNW\ZQRฤณFL L ]DDQJDล RZDรฅ SUDFRZQLNร Z RUD] MDN SRSURZDG]Lรฅ ]DMรทFLD ]H VWXGHQWDPL E\ EDUG]LHM ]DFKรทFLรฅ LFK GR QDXNL L SU]\VZDMDQLD VRELH SR]\VNDQHM ZLHG]\ 3RGF]DV NRQIHUHQFML EรทG]LH PRล QD ]DSR]QDรฅ VLรท ] FLHNDZ\PL

UR]ZLรฃ]DQLDPL ZVSLHUDMรฃF\PL SURFHV HGXNDFML RSURJUDPRZDQLH L QDU]รทG]LD F\IURZH RUD] Uร ล QHJR URG]DMX URERW\ L WHFKQRORJLF]QH UR]ZLรฃ]DQLD Xฤ DWZLDMรฃFH SU]HND]\ZDQLH L SRWHP ]DSDPLรทW\ZDQLH LQIRUPDFML -Xล G]Lฤณ VHUGHF]QLH ]DSUDV]DP\ .RQIHUHQFMD EรทG]LH ]RUJDQL]RZDQD SU]H] .DWHGUรท =DFKRZDฤก 2UJDQL]DF\MQ\FK RUD] .Rฤ R 1DXNRZH e,'($r IXQNFMRQXMรฃFH SU]\ .DWHGU]H =DFKRZDฤก 2UJDQL]DF\MQ\FK *ฤ ร ZQ\P SDUWQHUHP L ZVSร ฤ RUJDQL]DWRUHP NRQIHUHQFML MHVW ']LDฤ 7UDQVIHUX :LHG]\ L 3URMHNWร Z 0LรทG]\QDURGRZ\FK 8(. : GDOV]\P FLรฃJX VHUGHF]QLH ]DSUDV]DP\ 3DฤกVWZD GR NRQWDNWX L Z UD]LH SRWU]HE\ X]\VNDQLD MDNLFKNROZLHN LQIRUPDFML QW SURMHNWร Z EรฃGล WHล VNRQVXOWRZDQLD VZRLFK ZรฃWSOLZRฤณFL F]\ FKรทFL X]\VNDQLD RGSRZLHG]L QD 3DฤกVWZD S\WDQLD

GU Marek Makowiec $GLXQNW .DWHGUD =DFKRZDฤก 2UJDQL]DF\MQ\FK PJU 0Dฤ JRU]DWD 6PDJD 6]F]HSDฤกF]\N 6SHFMDOLVWD ']LDฤ 7UDQVIHUX :LHG]\ L 3URMHNWร Z 0LรทG]\QDURGRZ\FK 8(.

61


jednostki

*ฤ XVL _ ฤฌ_QMKQM ISILMUQKSQU ยถ8ZW[bฤ \W bLRฤ ฤ ยช ยง XW_QMLbQIรฐ XZWNM[WZ VI MObIUQVQM XQ[MUVaU LW [\]LMV\I b IXIZI\MU [รฐ]KPW_aU ,Wฤฌ_QILKbMVQM W[{J Oรฐ]KPaKP VI ]KbMTVQIKP _[SIb]RM ฤตM RM[bKbM _QMTM XWbW[\IรฐW LW bZWJQMVQI IJa ฤฌZWLW_Q[SW ISILMUQKSQM JaรฐW _ XMรฐVQ XZbaRIbVM LTI [\]LMV\{_ Q XZIKW_VQS{_ b La[N]VSKRIUQ [รฐ]KP] .RPLVML (NVSHUWร Z SU]\ 5]HF]QLNX 3UDZ 2E\ZDWHOVNLFK GV 2Vร E *ฤ XFK\FK SRGMรทฤ D SUร Eรท Z\SUDFRZDQLD UHNRPHQGDFML Z W\P ]DNUHVLH

W

GQLX SDล G]LHUQLND URNX RGE\ฤ R VLรท SRVLHG]HQLH .RPLVML (NVSHUWร Z SU]\ 5]HF]QLNX 3UDZ 2E\ZDWHOVNLFK GV 2Vร E *ฤ XFK\FK Z ELXU]H 5]HF]QLND 3UDZ 2E\ZDWHOVNLFK .RPLVMD VZRLPL G]LDฤ DQLDPL ZVSLHUD SUDFรท 5]HF]QLND SRSU]H] ]ELHUDQLH LQIRUPDFML GRW\F]รฃF\FK SRWU]HE L SUREOHPร Z RVร E Jฤ XFK\FK 3RGF]DV RVWDWQLHJR VSRWNDQLD

62

G\VNXWRZDQD E\ฤ D NZHVWLD REHFQRฤณFL RVร E Jฤ XFK\FK QD XF]HOQLDFK L Z\]ZDฤก ] W\P ]ZLรฃ]DQ\FK : VSRWNDQLX XF]HVWQLF]\ฤ D SURI GU KDE -DQLQD )LOHN t 3U]HZRGQLF]รฃFD .RPLVML GV :\Uร ZQ\ZDQLD 6]DQV (GXNDF\MQ\FK SU]\ .5$63 RUD] 3URUHNWRU GV .V]WDฤ FHQLD L 6WXGHQWร Z 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH D WDNล H

3DQL 0DJGD =LHPQLFND t ]DVWรทSF]\QL NLHURZQLND GV VWXGHQFNLFK ']LDฤ X GV 2Vร E 1LHSHฤ QRVSUDZQ\FK 8QLZHUV\WHWX -DJLHOORฤกVNLHJR 6SHF\ILND ฤณURGRZLVND 3RGF]DV VSRWNDQLD SU]\WRF]RQ\FK ]RVWDฤ R ZLHOH GREU\FK SUDNW\N NWร UH ZVND]XMรฃ ล H ]PLDQ\ Z ]DNUHVLH RWZDUWRฤณFL QD QLHSHฤ QRVSUDZQRฤณรฅ


Rekomendacje 1DMZLรทNV]\ QDFLVN SRGF]DV VSRWNDQLD ]RVWDฤ MHGQDN SRฤ Rล RQ\ QD Z\SUDFRZDQLH UHNRPHQGDFML NWร UH SRPRJรฃ RVRERP Jฤ XFK\P

Z IXQNFMRQRZDQLX Z ฤณZLHFLH DNDGHPLFNLP =DSURSRQRZDQR ZSURZDG]HQLH OHNWRUDWร Z ] Mรท]\ND SROVNLHJR MDNR Mรท]\ND REFHJR FR VWDQRZLฤ RE\ LVWRWQH ZVSDUFLH GOD VWXGHQWร Z Jฤ XFK\FK 7DNLH UR]ZLรฃ]DQLH IXQNFMRQXMH MXล QD 8QLZHUV\WHFLH :DUV]DZVNLP =DXZDล \รฅ QDOHล \ ล H GOD VWXGHQWร Z Jฤ XFK\FK Mรท]\N SROVNL PRล QD WUDNWRZDรฅ MDNR GUXJL Mรท]\N VWรฃG SRMDZLฤ D VLรท SURSR]\FMD ZVSDUFLD Mรท]\NRZHJR QD SR]LRPLH NRUHNW\ WHNVWร Z SLVDQ\FK SU]H] VWXGHQWร Z ']LDฤ DQLH WR PRJฤ RE\ E\รฅ SRQDGWR ILQDQVRZDQH ]H ฤณURGNร Z XF]HOQLDQ\FK %LXU GV 2Vร E 1LHSHฤ QRVSUDZQ\FK

SUDFRZQLNร Z QDXNRZ\FK ]D SURZDG]HQLH VWXGHQWร Z Jฤ XFK\FK ']LDฤ DQLH WR PD GRGDWNRZR PRW\ZRZDรฅ GR VWDUDฤก SURZDG]รฃF\FK DE\ VWXGHQW Jฤ XFK\ Pร Jฤ Z SHฤ QL XF]HVWQLF]\รฅ Z SURFHVLH NV]WDฤ FHQLD =ZUร FRQR Uร ZQLHล XZDJรท QD NZHVWLรท JURPDG]HQLD ZLHG]\ Z ]DNUHVLH RVร E ] QLHSHฤ QRVSUDZQRฤณFLDPL NWร UD MHVW SU]\GDWQD GOD SUDFRZQLNร Z XF]HOQL 'R WDNLFK SR]\FML QDOHล \ FKRFLDล E\ .UDNRZVNL 6HPHVWUDOQLN 6WXGHQWร Z ] 1LHSHฤ QRVSUDZQRฤณFLรฃ 7DNLP PLHMVFHP GR SU]HFKRZ\ZDQLD ZV]\VWNLFK WHJR W\SX SR]\FML PRJฤ DE\ E\รฅ VWURQD .5$63

: Z\QLNX WRF]รฃFHM VLรท G\VNXVML GRVWU]Hล RQR RJURPQรฃ UROรท ฤณZLDGRPRฤณFL FDฤ HJR ฤณURGRZLVND DNDGHPLFNLHJR =DSURSRQRZDQR DE\ V]NROHQLD ]H VSHF\ILNL QLHSHฤ QRVSUDZQRฤณFL E\ฤ \ SURZDG]RQH GOD ZV]\VWNLFK QRZ\FK SUDFRZQLNร Z : FHOX ]DFKรทFHQLD RVร E MXล SUDFXMรฃF\FK Z XF]HOQL GR XG]LDฤ X Z WDNLFK SU]HGVLรทZ]LรทFLDFK ]DVXJHURZDQR VWRVRZDQLH ]DFKรทW WDNLFK MDN SU]\]QDZDQLH SXQNWร Z F]\ VWZRU]HQLH W\WXฤ X MHGQRVWNL SU]\MD]QHM RVRERP ] QLHSHฤ QRVSUDZQRฤณFLDPL 3RGNUHฤณORQR Uร ZQLHล ZLรทNV]\ Z\VLฤ HN Z NV]WDฤ FHQLX VWXGHQWร Z Jฤ XFK\FK D QLล HOL Z SU]\SDGNX VWXGHQWร Z Vฤ \V]รฃF\FK =DSURSRQRZDQR Z ]ZLรฃ]NX ] W\P GRGDWNRZรฃ JUDW\ILNDFMรท GOD

.RPSOHNVRZH SRGHMฤณFLH GR SUREOHPDW\NL RVร E Jฤ XFK\FK QD XF]HOQLDFK WR P\ฤณOHQLH R NURN GR SU]RGX :VSDUFLH GOD ZLHOX RVร E ] G\VIXQNFMรฃ Vฤ XFKX VWDQRZLรฃ SรทWOH LQGXNF\MQH GODWHJR WHล SRGNUHฤณORQR ล H NDล G\ QRZ\ EXG\QHN SRZLQLHQ E\รฅ Z QLH Z\SRVDล RQ\

jednostki

Vฤ XFKX QDVWรทSXMรฃ QD SROVNLFK XF]HOQLDFK =DXZDล \รฅ MHGQDN QDOHล \ ล H XF]HOQLH SRVLDGDMรฃ DXWRQRPLรท :LรทNV]Rฤณรฅ GHF\]ML MHVW ]DWHP ]DOHล QD RG Zฤ DG] XF]HOQL 3RSXODU\]DFMD WHPDW\NL RVร E Jฤ XFK\FK QD XF]HOQLDFK Z\PDJD EXGRZDQLD ฤณZLDGRPRฤณFL D SU]HGVWDZLFLHORP Zฤ DG] QDOHล \ SUH]HQWRZDรฅ ]DVDGQRฤณรฅ SRVWXORZDQ\FK G]LDฤ Dฤก L ]DFKรทFDรฅ GR LFK ZVSLHUDQLD 'UXJรฃ LVWRWQรฃ NZHVWLรฃ Z IXQNFMRQRZDQLX XF]HOQL MHVW SURZDG]RQD SROLW\ND Z REV]DU]H V]NROQLFWZD Z\ล V]HJR =PLDQD VSRVREX ILQDQVRZDQLD XF]HOQL VSRZRGRZDฤ D ล H GUDVW\F]QLH ]PQLHMV]\ฤ \ VLรท OLPLW\ SU]\Mรทรฅ VWXGHQWร Z 6WXGHQWRP ] QLHSHฤ QRVSUDZQRฤณFLDPL FRUD] WUXGQLHM MHVW VLรท GRVWDรฅ QD VWXGLD QD XF]HOQLรท SXEOLF]Qรฃ : QDMEOLล V]\FK ODWDFK PRล HP\ REVHUZRZDรฅ RGSฤ \Z VWXGHQWร Z ] QLHSHฤ QRVSUDZQRฤณFLDPL GR XF]HOQL SU\ZDWQ\FK Z NWร U\FK VWXGLRZDQLH ILQDQVXMH 3)521 =MDZLVNR WR MHVW QLHSRNRMรฃFH GOD FDฤ HJR ฤณURGRZLVND L PRล H SURZDG]Lรฅ GR RJUDQLF]HQLD REHFQRฤณFL VWXGHQWร Z ] QLHSHฤ QRVSUDZQRฤณFLDPL QD XF]HOQLDFK SXEOLF]Q\FK

3RVLHG]HQLH SU]\QLRVฤ R ZLHOH FLHNDZ\FK ZQLRVNร Z L SRP\Vฤ ร Z GR UHDOL]DFML QD XF]HOQLDFK 2WZRU]\ฤ R Uร ZQLHล RF]\ QD SUREOHP\ L WHQGHQFMH ZREHF NWร U\FK UHDNFMD MHVW SRWU]HEQD MXล G]Lฤณ :LROHWD *Dฤ DW %LXUR GV 2Vร E 1LHSHฤ QRVSUDZQ\FK 8(.

63


jednostki

11 3ZIRW_I Konferencja Organizacji 6WXGHQWร Z ] 1LHSHฤ QRVSUDZQRฤณFLรฃ R]ฤต bI VIUQ /LF]ED RVร E QLHSHฤ QRVSUDZQ\FK QD SROVNLFK XQLZHUV\WHWDFK QLHXVWDQQLH VLรท ]ZLรทNV]D 8WUQUW _a[WSQMR ฤฌ_QILWUWฤฌKQ Q WJMKVWฤฌKQ

bII_IV[W_IVaKP \MKPVWTWOQQ XZba[\W[W_IVQM _IZ]VS{_ XWJQMZIVQI VI]SQ LTI \MR OZ]Xa [XWรฐMKbVMR WSIb]RM [Qฤ VQMRMLVWSZW\VQM VQM_a[\IZKbIRฤ KM Q VQM ]RMLVWTQKWVM

R

RG]L WR SUREOHP\ ] X]\VNDQLHP Z\NV]WDฤ FHQLD QD SR]LRPLH Z\ล V]\P ,VWQLHMH QLHXVWDQQD SRWU]HED XฤณZLDGDPLDQLD R NRQLHF]QRฤณFL ]PLDQ Z ]DNUHVLH ]DSHZQLHQLD RGSRZLHGQLFK ฤณURGNร Z GR NV]WDฤ FHQLD VWXGHQWร Z ] QLHSHฤ QRVSUDZQRฤณFLรฃ

64

Jest o F]\P UR]PDZLDรฅ : GQLDFK SDล G]LHUQLND U QD 8QLZHUV\WHFLH (NRQRPLF]Q\P Z .UDNRZLH RGE\ฤ D VLรท ,, .UDMRZD .RQIHUHQFMD 2UJDQL]DFML 6WXGHQWร Z ] 1LHSHฤ QRVSUDZQRฤณFLรฃ NWร UHM RUJDQL]DWRUHP

E\ฤ R =U]HV]HQLH 6WXGHQWร Z 1LHSHฤ QRVSUDZQ\FK 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH RUD] 0LQLVWHUVWZR 1DXNL L 6]NROQLFWZD :\ล V]HJR D SDWURQDW QDG Z\GDU]HQLHP SHฤ QLฤ 3DUODPHQW 6WXGHQWร Z 5]HF]\SRVSROLWHM 3ROVNLHM 7HPDWHP SU]HZRGQLP


VWURQ\ XF]HOQL DOH UÐZQLHő ] WDNLFK ŏUÐGHğ MDN SURJUDP\ 3DġVWZRZHJR )XQGXV]X 5HKDELOLWDFML 2VÐE 1LHSHğQRVSUDZQ\FK t ZğDijQLH Z W\P FHOX QD F]÷ijFL RILFMDOQHM VZRMã SUHOHNFM÷ Z\JğRVLğ 3DQ .U]\V]WRI .DFD t 1DF]HOQLN :\G]LDğX GV 3URMHNWÐZ 'HSDUWDPHQWX GV 3URJUDPÐZ 3)521 ,VWRWQD MHVW UÐZQLHő SRPRF VWRZDU]\V]Hġ L IXQGDFML ]DMPXMãF\FK VL÷ ZVSDUFLHP Z SURFHVLH NV]WDğFHQLD VWXGHQWÐZ QLHSHğQRVSUDZQ\FK QD XF]HOQLDFK Z\őV]\FK EãGŏ X]\VNLZDQLHP RGSRZLHGQLFK NZDOLILNDFML NRQLHF]Q\FK GR ZHMijFLD QD U\QHN SUDF\

Podstawa to dyskusja

']LDğDQLH QD ZLHOX SğDV]F]\]QDFK

: GUXJLP GQLX NRQIHUHQFML SR ]DNRġF]HQLX SLãWNRZHM F]÷ijFL RILFMDOQHM GHOHJDFL UHSUH]HQWXMãF\ XF]HOQLH Z\őV]H ] FDğHJR NUDMX UR]SRF]÷OL SUDF÷ Z JUXSDFK URERF]\FK QD F]HOH ] Z\EUDQ\PL NRRUG\QDWRUDPL 3UDFD QDG FHOHP ]RVWDğD SRG]LHORQD QD F]WHU\ HWDS\ VWXGLRZDQLD UHNUXWDFML DGDSWDFML Z\NğDGRZR åZLF]HQLRZ\ RUD] HJ]DPLQ G\SORPRZ\ 7UZDMãFH SRQDG JRG]LQ G\VNXVMH SR]ZROLğ\ QD Z\ğRQLHQLH UHDOQ\FK SRVWXODWÐZ NWÐUH ]RVWDQã SU]HGVWDZLRQH Z 0LQLVWHUVWZLH 1DXNL L 6]NROQLFWZD :\őV]HJR 1LHXVWDQQH XijZLDGDPLDQLH ,VWQLHMH ZLHOH IRUP SRPRF\ VNLHURZDQ\FK GR VWXGHQWÐZ ] QLHSHğQRVSUDZQRijFLã t QLH W\ONR ]H

1D FKZLO÷ REHFQã ijZLDGRPRijå ]DUÐZQR LQVW\WXFML SXEOLF]Q\FK MDN L SU\ZDWQ\FK SODFÐZHN Z ]DNUHVLH GRVWRVRZDQLD DUFKLWHNWRQLF]QHJR GOD RVÐE ] QLHSHğQRVSUDZQRijFLã MHVW VWRVXQNRZR Z\VRND 1DOHő\ MHGQDN QDGDO SUDFRZDå QDG ]QLZHORZDQLHP LQQ\FK W\SÐZ EDULHU LVWQLHMãF\FK Z ijURGRZLVNX DNDGHPLFNLP : W\P URNX NRQIHUHQFMD VNXSLğD VZRMã XZDJ÷ QD ZV]\VWNLFK HWDSDFK VWXGLRZDQLD L SR]ZROLğD Z\FKZ\FLå QDMZDőQLHMV]H DVSHNW\ Z\PDJDMãFH SRSUDZ\ t RG VDPHM UHMHVWUDFML QD VWXGLD Dő SR ZNURF]HQLH SU]H] DEVROZHQWD QD RWZDUW\ U\QHN SUDF\ L Z\UÐZQ\ZDQLH MHJR V]DQV QD WHM SğDV]F]\ŏQLH -HGQ\P ] ZQLRVNÐZ Z\SURZDG]RQ\FK SRGF]DV SUDF\ Z ]HVSRğDFK URERF]\FK

E\ğR SRGQRV]HQLH ijZLDGRPRijFL Z WHPDFLH V]DQV L ]DJURőHġ ]ZLã]DQ\FK ] NV]WDğFHQLHP VL÷ QD Z\EUDQ\P NLHUXQNX VWXGLÐZ 0LDğD PLHMVFH UÐZQLHő G\VNXVMD R LVWRFLH SRGQRV]HQLD NRPSHWHQFML MHGQRVWHN RUJDQL]DF\MQ\FK XF]HOQL G]LDğDMãF\FK QD U]HF] RVÐE ] QLHSHğQRVSUDZQRijFLã Z ]DNUHVLH ZVSDUFLD RVÐE QLHSRVLDGDMãF\FK RU]HF]HQLD R VWRSQLX QLHSHğQRVSUDZQRijFL OXE UÐZQRZDőQHJR NWÐUH PDMã MHGQDN WUXGQRijFL SRGF]DV SURFHVX NV]WDğFHQLD =ZUÐFRQR WDNőH XZDJ÷ QD NRQLHF]QRijå LQIRUPDW\]DFML V\VWHPÐZ VNğDGDQLD ZQLRVNÐZ VW\SHQGLDOQ\FK RUD] XPRőOLZLHQLH VNğDGDQLD ZV]HONLHJR URG]DMX GRNXPHQWDFML GOD XF]HOQL ]D SRPRFã Z\PLHQLRQ\FK ijURGNÐZ $E\ NRRUG\QRZDå ZV]\VWNLH SRZ\őV]H ZGURőHQLD ZDőQ\P MHVW SRZRğDQLH SU]\ 6DPRU]ãGDFK 6WXGHQFNLFK SHğQRPRFQLNÐZ GV GRVW÷SQRijFL

jednostki

NRQIHUHQFML E\ğD e8F]HOQLD Z\őV]D RF]DPL VWXGHQWÐZ ] QLHSHğQRVSUDZQRijFLãr .ROHMQD HG\FMD WHJR Z\GDU]HQLD GDğD PRőOLZRijå QLH W\ONR Z]DMHPQHM Z\PLDQ\ GRijZLDGF]Hġ OHF] SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP Z\SUDFRZDQLD UHDOQ\FK SRVWXODWÐZ NRQLHF]Q\FK GR SRSUDZ\ IXQNFMRQRZDQLD VWXGHQWÐZ ] QLHSHğQRVSUDZQRijFLã Z ijURGRZLVNX DNDGHPLFNLP 7DN MDN URN ZF]HijQLHM FHOHP NRQIHUHQFML E\ğR ZVND]DQLH NOXF]RZ\FK SUREOHPÐZ L SU]HV]NÐG ] NWÐU\PL PXV]ã VL÷ PLHU]\å VWXGHQFL ] QLHSHğQRVSUDZQRijFLã Z SURFHVLH NV]WDğFHQLD QD SR]LRPLH Z\őV]\P

'HOHJDFL REHFQL QD ,, .UDMRZHM .RQIHUHQFML 2UJDQL]DFML 6WXGHQWÐZ ] 1LHSHğQRVSUDZQRijFLã ZVSÐOQLH XWU]\PXMã ZQLRVHN őH QLHSHğQRVSUDZQRijå Z őDGHQ VSRVÐE QLH PRőH PLHå ZSğ\ZX DQL QD ]ZDOQLDQLH VWXGHQWD ] MHJR RERZLã]NÐZ DQL QD ]ZL÷NV]HQLH Z\PDJDġ G\GDNW\F]Q\FK F]\ WHő SUREOHPÐZ PDMãF\FK XQLHPRőOLZLå X]\VNDQLH Z\NV]WDğFHQLD QD SR]LRPLH Z\őV]\P

'RPLQLN :RŏQLF]ND =U]HV]HQLH 6WXGHQWÐZ 1LHSHğQRVSUDZQ\FK 8(.

65


jednostki

7DUJL 3UDF\ 8(. WR VSRWNDQLH QDXNL ] EL]QHVHP [XMรฐVQIUa WKbMSQ_IVQI [\]LMV\{_ IJ[WT_MV\{_ WZIb XZIKWLI_K{_ 7ZOIVQbW_IVM L_I ZIba _ ZWS] 7DUJL 3UDF\ 8(. \W VIR_Qฤ S[bM Q VIR_IฤตVQMR[bM _aLIZbMVQM VI =KbMTVQ b_Qฤ bIVM b ZWb_WRMU bI_WLW_aU [\]LMV\{_ Q IJ[WT_MV\{_

W

MHVLHQQHM HG\FML WDUJร Z XG]LDฤ Z]Lรทฤ R SRQDG Z\VWDZFร Z Z W\P SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH SROVNLFK L ]DJUDQLF]Q\FK ILUP UHSUH]HQWDQFL RUJDQL]DFML SR]DU]รฃGRZ\FK DGPLQLVWUDFML SDฤกVWZRZHM L VDPRU]รฃGRZHM 'Xล \P ]DLQWHUHVRZDQLHP FLHV]\ฤ \ VLรท ZDUV]WDW\ L SUH]HQWDFMH SU]\JRWRZDQH SU]H]

66

VSHFMDOLVWร Z ] G]LHG]LQ\ ILQDQVร Z RUD] REV]DUX UHNUXWDFML : VSHFMDOQLH SU]\JRWRZDQHM VWUHILH &9 3RLQW UHNUXWHU]\ NRQVXOWRZDOL GRNXPHQW\ DSOLNDF\MQH RUD] SURZDG]LOL SUร EQH UR]PRZ\ NZDOLILNDF\MQH ] XF]HVWQLNDPL Z\GDU]HQLD 6SRWNDQLH ] SUDFRGDZFรฃ Z &9 3RLQW MHVW ZDUWRฤณFLRZ\P

GRฤณZLDGF]HQLHP ]DUร ZQR GOD RVร E VWDZLDMรฃF\FK SLHUZV]H NURNL QD U\QNX SUDF\ MDN L GOD ]DLQWHUHVRZDQ\FK NRQNUHWQ\P VWDQRZLVNLHP 3RGF]DV UR]PRZ\ VWXGHQFL ZHU\ILNXMรฃ VZRMH RF]HNLZDQLD ] Z\PDJDQLDPL SUDFRGDZFร Z RUD] RWU]\PXMรฃ FHQQH ZVND]ร ZNL LVWRWQH SRGF]DV DSOLNRZDQLD GR Z\EUDQHM ILUP\


jednostki $NDGHPLFNLH &HQWUXP .DULHU\ MHVW Uร ZQLHล NRRUG\QDWRUHP SUDNW\N ]DJUDQLF]Q\FK (UDVPXV :\FKRG]รฃF QDSU]HFLZ SRWU]HERP VWXGHQWร Z SU]\JRWRZXMรฃF\FK VLรท GR Z\MD]GX ZVSLHUDP\ LFK Z SURFHVLH SRV]XNLZDQLD SUDFRGDZF\ -Xล SR UD] GUXJL JRฤณFLOLฤณP\ SU]HGVWDZLFLHOL HXURSHMVNLFK SUDFRGDZFร Z NWร U]\ Z UDPDFK SURMHNWX (UDVPXV 6SDFH SUH]HQWRZDOL RIHUW\ SUDNW\N ]DJUDQLF]Q\FK 3RGF]DV SDQHOX G\VNXV\MQHJR VWXGHQFL GRZLHG]LHOL VLรท MDN Z\JOรฃGD SURFHV UHNUXWDF\MQ\ SUDFD L ล \FLH

Z LQQ\P NUDMX RUD] MDNLH NRU]\ฤณFL Sฤ \Qรฃ ] WHJR GRฤณZLDGF]HQLD 3DWURQDW QDG 7DUJDPL 3UDF\ REMรฃฤ -0 5HNWRU 3URI GU KDE LQล $QGU]HM &KRFKร ฤ D XURF]\VWHJR RWZDUFLD GRNRQDฤ 3URUHNWRU GV 3URMHNWร Z L :VSร ฤ SUDF\ 3URI GU KDE .U]\V]WRI 6XUร ZND 2GZLHG]DMรฃF VWRLVND Z\VWDZFร Z 3DQ 5HNWRU ] GXPรฃ SRZLWDฤ DEVROZHQWร Z QDV]HM 8F]HOQL Z UROL SUDFRGDZFร Z .ROHMQD HG\FMD 7DUJร Z 3UDF\ 8(. RGEรทG]LH VLรท PDUFD U

=DSUDV]DP\ GR RGZLHG]HQLD VHUZLVX $NDGHPLFNLHJR &HQWUXP .DULHU\ ZZZ NDULHU\ XHN NUDNRZ SO ]DSR]QDQLD VLรท ] QDMQRZV]\PL RIHUWDPL SUDF\ SUDNW\N ]DJUDQLF]Q\FK (UDVPXV RUD] Z\GDU]HQLDPL ]ZLรฃ]DQ\PL ] UR]ZRMHP ]DZRGRZ\P =DFKรทFDP\ GR ฤณOHG]HQLD )DQSDJH $NDGHPLFNLHJR &HQWUXP .DULHU\ QD )% RUD] GRฤ รฃF]HQLD GR JUXS\ 3UDNW\NL (UDVPXV 8(. $NDGHPLFNLH &HQWUXP .DULHU\ 8(.

67


jednostki

5*) ,aXTWUI )_IZLQVO +MZMUWVa w KSB UEK XIฤ LbQMZVQSI JZ _ 3ZISW_[SQMR ;bSWTM *QbVM[] =-3 WLJaรฐI [Qฤ ]ZWKba[\Wฤฌฤ _Zฤ KbMVQI LaXTWU{_ ]SWฤกKbMVQI [\]LQ{_ [รฐ]KPIKbWU HG\FML 3URJUDPX ([HFXWLYH 0%$ HG\FML 3URJUDPX ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 0%$ oraz HG\FML 3URJUDPX 0%$ .6% 0DVWHU

A

EVROZHQWร Z L ]DSURV]RQ\FK JRฤณFL ]HEUDQ\FK Z 6WDUHM $XOL SU]\ZLWDฤ SURI 8(. GU KDE 3LRWU %Xฤ D t '\UHNWRU .UDNRZVNLHM 6]NRฤ \ %L]QHVX 8(. : FHUHPRQLL XG]LDฤ Z]LรทOL SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH ]DJUDQLF]Q\FK V]Nร ฤ SDUWQHUVNLFK Zฤ DG]H 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH Z\Nฤ DGRZF\ RUD] ]DSURV]RQH SU]H] DEVROZHQWร Z RVRE\ QDMEOLล V]H ND SRF]รฃWHN Jฤ RV ]DEUDฤ D SURI GU KDE -DQLQD )LOHN t 3URUHNWRU GV .V]WDฤ FHQLD L 6WXGHQWร Z NWร UD SRJUDWXORZDฤ D VWXGHQWRP VXNFHVX

68

L GRFHQLฤ D LFK ]DDQJDล RZDQLH RUD] FLรทล Nรฃ SUDFรท SRGF]DV VWXGLร Z :UรทF]HQLH G\SORPร Z VWXGHQWRP 3URJUDPX ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 0%$ SRSU]HG]Lฤ \ SU]HPร ZLHQLD 0LFKDHOD %HFNPDQQD t SU]HGVWDZLFLHOD 6W *DOOHQ %XVLQHVV 6FKRRO ]H 6]ZDMFDULL t V]NRฤ \ SDUWQHUVNLHM ,0%$ RUD] GU 3LRWUD 6HGODND t '\UHNWRUD 3URJUDPX ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 0%$ 1DVWรทSQLH Jฤ RV ]DEUDOL GU +HQGULN /RKVH t 'LUHFWRU RI ,QWHUQDWLRQDO $IIDLUV (0 1RUPDQGLH %XVLQHVV 6FKRRO ] )UDQFML t SU]HGVWDZLFLHO V]NRฤ \ SDUWQHUVNLHM (0%$

RUD] GU $JQLHV]ND ล XU t '\UHNWRU 3URJUDPX ([HFXWLYH 0%$ SR F]\P VWXGHQFL (0%$ RGHEUDOL VZRMH G\SORP\ RUD] OLF]QH JUDWXODFMH : QDVWรทSQHM NROHMQRฤณFL VWXGHQFL 3URJUDPX 0%$ .6% 0DVWHU RWU]\PDOL G\SORP\ 0%$ Z\GDQH SU]H] .UDNRZVNรฃ 6]NRฤ รท %L]QHVX 8(. RUD] DPHU\NDฤกVNLH G\SORP\ 0DVWHU RI 6FLHQFH LQ 3URIHVVLRQDO &RPPXQLFDWLRQ ] &ODUN 8QLYHUVLW\ =H VZRLPL SU]HPร ZLHQLDPL Z\VWรฃSLOL 3URI -RKQ /D%ULH t 'HDQ DQG $VVRFLDWH 3URYRVW IRU 3URIHVVLRQDO (GXFDWLRQ &ODUN 8QLYHUVLW\ ] 86$


wydarzenia t V]NRฤ \ SDUWQHUVNLHM &0%$ RUD] GU ,UHQHXV] *ร URZVNL t '\UHNWRU 3URJUDPX 0%$ .6% 0DVWHU : LPLHQLX DEVROZHQWร Z Jฤ RV ]DEUDOL SU]HGVWDZLFLHOH JUXS 0DUFLQ 6]ORVHN t VWDURVWD HG\FML 3URJUDPX ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 0%$ *DEULHO 3Rฤ รฃFDU] t VWDURVWD HG\FML 3URJUDPX ([HFXWLYH 0%$ RUD] 0LFKHO +MD]HHQ t VWDURVWD HG\FML 3URJUDPX 0%$ .6% 0DVWHU 2VWDWQLP SXQNWHP XURF]\VWRฤณFL E\ฤ R ZUรทF]HQLH Z\Uร ล QLHฤก QDMOHSV]\P Vฤ XFKDF]RP VWXGLร Z 0%$ /LVW\ JUDWXODF\MQH L V\PEROLF]QH QDJURG\ RWU]\PDOL *HVXDOGR 'RQDUXPPD ,0%$ 0DUHN -DEฤ HND ,0%$ 6\OZLD %HGQDUF]\Nt0LNXOL (0%$ RUD] $OL 1DPDNLDQ &0%$ 3R RILFMDOQHM F]รทฤณFL XURF]\VWRฤณFL DEVROZHQFL L ]DSURV]HQL JRฤณFLH XGDOL VLรท GR 6DOL 6HQDFNLHM 8(. QD SRF]รทVWXQHN JG]LH PRJOL MHV]F]H UD] SRZVSRPLQDรฅ F]DV VWXGLร Z Z SHฤ Q\P JURQLH *UDWXOXMHP\ ZV]\VWNLP DEVROZHQWRP RUD] ล \F]\P\ SRZRG]HQLD Z ล \FLX RVRELVW\P L ]DZRGRZ\P Monika Bulsza '\UHNWRU %LXUD 0%$ .UDNRZVNLHM 6]NRฤ \ %L]QHVX 8(.

69


jednostki

Peer Review Team EFMD rekomenduje pozytywnie DNUHG\WDFMรท (3$6 LTI XZWOZIU] -`MK]\Q^M 5*) 3ZISW_[SQMR ;bSWรฐa *QbVM[] =-3 3;* =-3 RM[\ XMรฐVaU KbรฐWVSQMU .]TT 5MUJMZ -]ZWXMIV .W]VLI\QWV NWZ 5IVIOMUMV\ ,M^MTWXUMV\ -.5, WL Z 8W _XZW_ILbMVQ] TQKbVaKP bUQIV LW\aKbฤ KaKP N]VSKRWVW_IVQI ;bSWรฐa Q 8ZWOZIU] 5*) bITMKWVaKP XZbMb QV[\a\]KRฤ ISZMLa\]Rฤ Kฤ .6% 8(. ]ฤ Rล \ฤ R ZQLRVHN DSOLNDF\MQ\ (3$6 Z F]HUZFX U NWร U\ ]RVWDฤ ]DDNFHSWRZDQ\ SU]H] (3$6 &RPPLWWHH Z SDล G]LHUQLNX U

P

R X]\VNDQLX NZDOLILNRZDOQRฤณFL GOD 3URJUDPX ([HFXWLYH 0%$ 6]NRฤ D SU]\VWรฃSLฤ D GR UHDOL]DFML SURFHGXU\ DNUHG\WDF\MQHM (3$6 $E\ MDN QDMOHSLHM SU]\JRWRZDรฅ VLรท GR NROHMQ\FK HWDSร Z SURFHVX DNUHG\WDFML (3$6 F]ฤ RQNRZLH .6% 8(. Z]LรทOL XG]LDฤ Z ZLHOX VHPLQDULDFK NRQIHUHQFMDFK RUD] V]NROHQLDFK

$E\ MDN QDMOHSLHM SU]\JRWRZDรฅ VLรท GR NROHMQ\FK HWDSร Z SURFHVX DNUHG\WDFML (3$6 F]ฤ RQNRZLH .6% 8(. Z]LรทOL XG]LDฤ Z ZLHOX VHPLQDULDFK NRQIHUHQFMDFK RUD] V]NROHQLDFK 3LHUZV]\P ] QLFK E\ฤ D NRQIHUHQFMD GOD ']LHNDQร Z L '\UHNWRUร Z =DU]รฃG]DMรฃF\FK ()0' $QQXDO &RQIHUHQFH IRU 'HDQV 'LUHFWRUV *HQHUDO ]RUJDQL]RZDQD SU]H] ()0' RUD] &(,%6 Z 6]DQJKDMX Z GQLDFK t VW\F]QLD U : NRQIHUHQFML XG]LDฤ Z]Lรฃฤ SURI 8(. GU KDE 3LRWU %Xฤ D t '\UHNWRU .6% 8(. G]LรทNL F]HPX PLDฤ PRล OLZRฤณรฅ XF]HVWQLF]HQLD Z SDQHODFK L ZDUV]WDWDFK SRฤณZLรทFRQ\FK P LQ 70

JOREDOL]DFML FKLฤกVNLFK SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZ F]\ SU]HGVLรทELRUF]HPX SRGHMฤณFLX Z HGXNDFML EL]QHVRZHM %\ฤ R WR WDNล H PLHMVFH QD VSRWNDQLH ] '\UHNWRUHP GV -DNRฤณFL t 3DQHP - 7RQGHOHP Z FHOX RPร ZLHQLD SRVWรทSร Z ]ZLรฃ]DQ\FK ] DNUHG\WDFMรฃ : GQLDFK t PDUFD U RVRE\ ]ZLรฃ]DQH ] DNUHG\WDFMรฃ (3$6 Z .6% 8(. -XOLD 2NUรทJOLFND t .RRUG\QDWRU $GPLQLVWUDF\MQ\ 3URJUDPX 0%$ .6% 0DVWHU RUD] (ZD 6]Sร UQร J 6PROHฤก t .RRUG\QDWRU $GPLQLVWUDF\MQ\ 3URJUDPX ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 0%$ .RRUG\QDWRU .OXEX .6% $OXPQL 0%$ Z]Lรทฤ \ XG]LDฤ Z FRURF]QHM NRQIHUHQFML ()0' 0%$ ()0' 0%$ &RQIHUHQFH ]RUJDQL]RZDQHM Z %XGDSHV]FLH :รทJU\ ZH ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ ] &RUYLQXV %XVLQHVV 6FKRRO &RUYLQXV 8QLYHUVLW\ .RQIHUHQFMD SW e7KH +XPDQ 'LJLWDO &KDOOHQJHr VNXSLDฤ D RVRE\ ]ZLรฃ]DQH ] HGXNDFMรฃ PHQHGล HUVNรฃ D V]F]HJร OQLH ]H VWXGLDPL 0DVWHU RI %XVLQHVV $GPLQLVWDUWLRQ 8F]HVWQLF\ PLHOL

PRล OLZRฤณรฅ XG]LDฤ X Z ZDUV]WDWDFK GHG\NRZDQ\FK F\IURZ\P Z\]ZDQLRP SU]HG MDNLPL VWDMรฃ SU]HGVLรทELRUF\ L ฤณZLDWRZH NRUSRUDFMH P LQ e8PLHMรทWQRฤณFL t SHUVSHNW\ZD SU]HGVLรทELRUF\r q$OWHUQDW\Z\ GOD PRGHOX 0%$ 1RZH SURMHNW\ GOD Uร ล Q\FK SRWU]HEr =RUJDQL]RZDQH ]RVWDฤ \ Uร ZQLHล JUXS\ G\VNXV\MQH RUD] SDQHOH q)DFXOW\ WUDLQLQJ DQG HQJDJHPHQWr q0%$ LQ SLHFHV PLFURFUHGHQWLDOVr q*HQHUDOLVW YV VSHFLDOLVW SURJUDPPHVr $OXPQL 3DQHO q+RZ WKH 0%$ H[SHULHQFH KDV WUDQVIRUPHG WKHVH DOXPQLpV FDUHHUV DQG ZK\ WKH\ KDYH FKRVHQ DQ XQXVXDO FDUHHU SDWKr 1DVWรทSQLH ]JRGQLH ] SURFHGXUรฃ DNUHG\WDF\MQรฃ (3$6 GOD .6% 8(. ]RVWDฤ Z\]QDF]RQ\ GRUDGFD (3$6 $GYLVRU NWร U\ ZVSLHUDฤ DOH MHGQRF]HฤณQLH NRQWURORZDฤ L RFHQLDฤ SU]\JRWRZDQLD 6]NRฤ \ GR SU]\MรทFLD ]HVSRฤ X DXG\WRUร Z ZH ZU]HฤณQLX U 'RUDGFรฃ .6% 8(. ]RVWDฤ D SURI 7DWLDQD *DUDQLQD ]H 6FKRRO RI $FFRXQWLQJ DQG )LQDQFH


: GQLDFK t F]HUZFD U RGE\ฤ D VLรท FRURF]QD NRQIHUHQFMD ()0' $QQXDO ()0' &RQIHUHQFH SW e7UXVW 3DUWQHUVKLSV ,PSDFWr ]RUJDQL]RZDQD Z &DUFDYHORV 3RUWXJDOLD ZH ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ ] 1RYD 6FKRRO RI %XVLQHVV DQG (FRQRPLFV 6NXSLDฤ D RVRE\ ]ZLรฃ]DQH ] HGXNDFMรฃ PHQHGล HUVNรฃ RGSRZLHG]LDOQH Uร ZQLHล ]D MHM UR]Zร M 8F]HVWQLF\ PLHOL PRล OLZRฤณรฅ XG]LDฤ X Z ZLHOX FLHNDZ\FK SDQHODFK L ZDUV]WDWDFK WDNLFK MDN e=DXIDQLH GR QLHXIQHJR ฤณZLDWDr e1RZH RGNU\ZDQLH JOREDOL]DFML V]NRฤ \ EL]QHVX MDNR SLRQLHU]\ ]Uร ZQRZDล RQHJR UR]ZRMXr F]\ e,QQRZDFMH Z Uร ล Q\FK REV]DUDFK ZLHG]\ EL]QHVRZHMr : $QQXDO ()0' &RQIHUHQFH XF]HVWQLF]\OL SURI GU KDE $QGU]HM 6RNRฤ RZVNL t 3Hฤ QRPRFQLN 5HNWRUD GV DNUHG\WDFML ]DJUDQLF]Q\FK SURI 8(. GU KDE 3LRWU %Xฤ D t '\UHNWRU .6% 8(. RUD] 0RQLND %XOV]D t '\UHNWRU %LXUD 0%$ .6% 8(. .RRUG\QDWRU GV DNUHG\WDFML ]DJUDQLF]Q\FK .6% 8(. NWร U]\ PLHOL RND]Mรท VSRWNDรฅ VLรท ] SU]HGVWDZLFLHODPL V]Nร ฤ EL]QHVX ] FDฤ HJR ฤณZLDWD LQVW\WXFML HGXNDF\MQ\FK D WDNล H ฤณURGRZLVND EL]QHVRZHJR

3RGF]DV V]NROHQLD XF]HVWQLF\ SR]QDOL V]F]HJร ฤ RZH ZVND]ร ZNL MDN SRP\ฤณOQLH XNRฤกF]\รฅ NROHMQH HWDS\ SURFHVX DNUHG\WDFML (3$6 :Dล Q\P HOHPHQWHP VHPLQDULXP E\ฤ R GRNRQDQLH RFHQ\ ZQLRVNร Z LQQ\FK SURJUDPร Z L ZVND]DQH SHZQ\FK XOHSV]Hฤก DE\ VSHฤ QLDฤ \ VWDQGDUG\ DNUHG\WDFML : GQLDFK t ZU]HฤณQLD U .6% 8(. SU]\Mรทฤ D ZF]HฤณQLHM ZVSRPQLDQ\ ]HVSร ฤ DXG\WRUร Z (3$6 3HHU 5HYLHZ 7HDP 3ODQ ZL]\W\ 357 ]RVWDฤ SU]\JRWRZDQ\ ]JRGQLH ] Z\W\F]Q\PL %LXUD (3$6 ()0' .6% 8(. SU]\JRWRZDฤ D Uร ZQLHล Z\PDJDQH PDWHULDฤ \ L GRNXPHQW\ GRW\F]รฃFH IXQNFMRQRZDQLD 6]NRฤ \ RUD] 3URJUDPX ([HFXWLYH 0%$ ]JRGQLH ] LQVWUXNFMรฃ ]DZDUWรฃ Z ()0' (3$6 3URFHVV 0DQXDO $QQH[HV =JRGQLH ] SODQHP ZL]\W\ DXG\WRU]\ VSRWNDOL VLรท ] SU]HGVWDZLFLHODPL Jฤ ร ZQ\FK LQWHUHVDULXV]\ 3URJUDPX ([HFXWLYH 0%$ ]HVSร ฤ ]DU]รฃG]DMรฃF\ SURJUDPHP Z\Nฤ DGRZF\ VWXGHQFL DEVROZHQFL ILUP\ t RWRF]HQLH EL]QHVRZH RVRE\ ZVSLHUDMรฃFH SURJUDP ,7 ELEOLRWHND ILQDQVH PDUNHWLQJ ]DU]รฃG]DQLH MDNRฤณFLรฃ 5HNRPHQGDFMH ]HVSRฤ X DXG\WRUร Z (3$6 3HHU 5HYLHZ 7HDP ]RVWDฤ \ SU]HND]DQH GR .6% 8(. Z IRUPLH UDSRUWX Z GQLX U VNฤ DGDMรฃFHJR VLรท ] 3HHU 5HYLHZ 7HDP 5HSRUW (3$6 &ULWHULD (YDOXDWLRQ )RUP RUD] (3$6 4XDOLW\ 3URILOH Z FHOX SRWZLHUG]HQLD OXE ]DSU]HF]HQLD ]DZDUW\FK Z W\FK

GRNXPHQWDFK IDNWร Z (3$6 3HHU 5HYLHZ 7HDP SU]HND]Dฤ QDP ZV]\VWNLP EDUG]R GREUรฃ ZLDGRPRฤณรฅ ล H EรทG]LH UHNRPHQGRZDฤ SR]\W\ZQLH DNUHG\WDFMรท (3$6 GOD SURJUDPX ([HFXWLYH 0%$ QD RNUHV ODW 3RฤณUร G ZV]\VWNLFK NU\WHULร Z ]RVWDฤ R RFHQLRQH MDNR SRZ\ล HM VWDQGDUGร Z SRQLล HM RUD] PLHV]F]รฃF\FK VLรท Z VWDQGDUG]LH 2VWDWHF]QD GHF\]MD GRW\F]รฃFD SU]\]QDQLD DNUHG\WDFML SRGHMPRZDQD MHVW QD SRVLHG]HQLX 5DG\ $NUHG\WDF\MQHM (3$6 (3$6 $FFUHGLWDWLRQ %RDUG NWร UD VSRW\ND VLรท W\ONR GZD UD]\ Z URNX Z SDล G]LHUQLNX L OXW\P PDUFX $SOLNDFMD .6% 8(. RUD] UDSRUW 3HHU 5HYLHZ 7HDP EรทGรฃ RPDZLDQH QD SRVLHG]HQLX 5DG\ GRSLHUR PDUFD U %รทG]LH WR RVWDWHF]QD GHF\]MD SRWZLHUG]DMรฃFD SU]\]QDQLH DNUHG\WDFML SURJUDPRZL (0%$ Z .UDNRZVNLHM 6]NROH %L]QHVX 8(.

jednostki

8QLYHUVLW\ RI 9DDVD ] )LQODQGLL ()0' ]DUHNRPHQGRZDฤ R DE\ GRUDGFD RGZLHG]Lฤ .6% 8(. L RVRELฤณFLH VSRWNDฤ VLรท ] ]HVSRฤ HP RGSRZLHG]LDOQ\P ]D DNUHG\WDFMรท (3$6 3URI *DUDQLQD SU]HSURZDG]Lฤ D DXG\W ZVWรทSQ\ Z 6]NROH Z GQLDFK t NZLHWQLD U D VZRMH XZDJL L NRPHQWDU]H VSLVDฤ D Z IRUPLH UDSRUWX NWร U\ SU]HVฤ Dฤ D GR %LXUD (3$6 ()0' ]HVSRฤ X DXG\WRUร Z 3HHU 5HYLHZ 7HDP NWร U]\ RGZLHG]LOL 6]NRฤ รท ZH ZU]HฤณQLX RUD] GR .6% 8(.

: ]ZLรฃ]NX ] SRGHMPRZDQ\PL G]LDฤ DQLDPL FKFLDฤ E\P SRG]LรทNRZDรฅ ZV]\VWNLP RVRERP ]DDQJDล RZDQ\P Z SURFHV SU]\]QDZDQLD DNUHG\WDFML t Z V]F]HJร OQRฤณFL 3DQL 0RQLFH %XOV]D t '\UHNWRURZL %LXUD 0%$ .6% 8(. ZV]\VWNLP SUDFRZQLNRP .UDNRZVNLHM 6]NRฤ \ %L]QHVX Zฤ DG]RP XF]HOQLDQ\P VWXGHQWRP DEVROZHQWRP RUD] SU]HGVWDZLFLHORP EL]QHVร Z ] NWร U\PL 6]NRฤ D ZVSร ฤ SUDFXMH

GU KDE 3LRWU %Xฤ D SURI QDG]Z 8(. '\UHNWRU .UDNRZVNLHM 6]NRฤ \ %L]QHVX 8(.

1DVWรทSQ\P Z\GDU]HQLHP NWร UH PLDฤ R ZSฤ \Z QD OHSV]H SU]\JRWRZDQLH 6]NRฤ \ GR UHDOL]DFML NROHMQ\FK HWDSร Z SURFHVX DNUHG\WDFML (3$6 E\ฤ R e(3$6 ;;/ 6HPLQDUr NWร UH RGE\ฤ R VLรท Z GQLDFK F]HUZFD U Z %UXNVHOL 8G]LDฤ Z GDQ\P Z\GDU]HQLX Z]Lรทฤ \ GZLH RVRE\ RGSRZLHG]LDOQH Z 6]NROH ]D DNUHG\WDFMH ]DJUDQLF]QH SURI 8(. GU KDE 3LRWU %Xฤ D t '\UHNWRU .6% 8(. RUD] 0RQLND %XOV]D t '\UHNWRU %LXUD 0%$ .6% 8(. .RRUG\QDWRU GV DNUHG\WDFML ]DJUDQLF]Q\FK .6% 8(. 71


jednostki

II wyjazdowa sesja naukowa LWS\WZIV\{_ =-3 : GQLDFK RG GR OLVWRSDGD U RGE\ฤ D VLรท MXล GUXJD :\MD]GRZD 6HVMD 1DXNRZD 'RNWRUDQWร Z 8(. Po raz pierwszy

?aRIbLW_I ;M[RI 6I]SW_I WLJaรฐI [Qฤ ZWS \MU] _ ,WJKbaKIKP

W

\GDU]HQLH WR SRZVWDฤ R Z FHOX LQWHJUDFML VSRฤ HF]QRฤณFL 'RNWRUDQWร Z RUD] XPRล OLZLHQLD LP SUH]HQWDFML Z\QLNร Z VZRLFK EDGDฤก : W\P URNX 'RNWRUDQFL XGDOL VLรท GR 0V]DQ\ 'ROQHM JG]LH VSรทG]LOL F]DV QD XGRVNRQDOHQLX VZRLFK XPLHMรทWQRฤณFL RUD] QD G\VNXVMDFK QDXNRZ\FK 3LHUZV]\ G]LHฤก E\ฤ VSRNRMQ\P ZSURZDG]HQLHP GR LQWHQV\ZQHJR ZHHNHQGX 3R UHMHVWUDFML XF]HVWQLNร Z RGE\ฤ D VLรท XURF]\VWD NRODFMD NWร UD XPRล OLZLฤ D SLHUZV]รฃ LQWHJUDFMรท ]Zฤ DV]F]D SRPLรทG]\ XF]HVWQLNDPL GRW\FKF]DVRZ\FK 6WXGLร Z 'RNWRUDQFNLFK D XF]HVWQLNDPL QRZR SRZVWDฤ HM 6]NRฤ \ 'RNWRUVNLHM 'UXJL G]LHฤก UR]SRF]รฃฤ VLรท RG VHVML UHIHUDWRZHM 7HPDW\ND UHIHUDWร Z E\ฤ D EDUG]R Uร ล QRURGQD FR GREU]H UHSUH]HQWRZDฤ R V]HURNL ZDFKODU] ]DLQWHUHVRZDฤก 'RNWRUDQWร Z 8(. 3RGF]DV VHVML UHIHUDWRZHM ]RVWDฤ \ SRGMรทWH WHPDW\ ]ZLรฃ]DQH ]DUร ZQR ]H VWRVXQNDPL PLรทG]\QDURGRZ\PL HNRORJLรฃ ]DU]รฃG]DQLHP F]\ DQDOL]รฃ DNWXDOQHM V\WXDFML XF]HOQL :V]\VWNLH WHPDW\ Z\ZRฤ Dฤ \ GXล H ]DLQWHUHVRZDQLH ZฤณUร G XF]HVWQLNร Z FR ]QDOD]ฤ R VZRMH RG]ZLHUFLHGOHQLH Z ล \ZLRฤ RZHM G\VNXVML : VRERWQLH SRSRฤ XGQLH F]HNDฤ D QD XF]HVWQLNร Z WHUHQRZD JUD LQWHJUDF\MQD *UD VWDQRZLฤ D QLH ODGD Z\]ZDQLH GOD 'RNWRUDQWร Z FR SR]ZROLฤ R LP QD SU]HWHVWRZDQLH VZRLFK

72

XPLHMรทWQRฤณFL Z V\WXDFMDFK NU\]\VRZ\FK 5R]HPRFMRQRZDQL 'RNWRUDQFL SU]HPLHU]DOL 0V]DQรท 'ROQรฃ Z]Gฤ Xล L ZV]HU] D ZV]\VWNR WR SR WR E\ RGQDOHล รฅ RELHFDQ\ 6NDUE -HGQR MHVW SHZQH t JUD VWDQRZLฤ D QLH]DSRPQLDQH SU]Hล \FLH NWร UH MHV]F]H Gฤ XJR EรทG]LH ZVSRPLQDQH SU]H] ZV]\VWNLFK MHM XF]HVWQLNร Z ']LHฤก ]DNRฤกF]\ฤ VLรท ZLHF]RUNLHP WDQHF]Q\P NWร U\ E\ฤ SU]HSODWDQ\ TXL]HP RUD] DQGU]HMNRZ\PL ZUร ล EDPL QD QDGFKRG]รฃF\ URN 2VWDWQLHJR GQLD 'RNWRUDQFL XF]HVWQLF]\OL Z V]NROHQLX 3XEOLNDFMH QDXNRZH t QDU]รทG]LD VSRVRE\ ล Uร Gฤ D NWร UH ]RVWDฤ R SRSURZDG]RQH SU]H] GUD KDE 3LRWUD 6LXGรท ] 8QLZHUV\WHWX .D]LPLHU]D :LHONLHJR Z %\GJRV]F]\ 6]NROHQLH WR SR]ZROLฤ R XF]HVWQLNRP QD SRV]HU]HQLH VZRMHM ZLHG]\ ] ]DNUHVX SLVDQLD SXEOLNDFML QDXNRZ\FK ]Zฤ DV]F]D DUW\NXฤ ร Z =RVWDฤ \ RPร ZLRQH

SUDNW\F]QH QDU]รทG]LD NWร UH PRJรฃ E\รฅ SRPRFQH ZV]\VWNLP 'RNWRUDQWRP 3R ]DNRฤกF]RQ\P V]NROHQLX ]RVWDฤ \ ZUรทF]RQH FHUW\ILNDW\ XF]HVWQLFWZD RUD] QDVWรฃSLฤ R RILFMDOQLH ]DNRฤกF]HQLH ,, :\MD]GRZHM 6HVML 1DXNRZHM 'RNWRUDQWร Z 8(. 3R WDN LQWHQV\ZQLH VSรทG]RQ\P ZHHNHQG]LH 'RNWRUDQFL UR]MHFKDOL VLรท GR VZRLFK GRPร Z ] SRF]XFLHP GREU]H Z\NRU]\VWDQHJR LFK FHQQHJR F]DVX -DNR 6DPRU]รฃG 'RNWRUDQWร Z 8(. PDP\ QDG]LHMรท ล H VSRWNDP\ VLรท Z MHV]F]H OLF]QLHMV]\P JURQLH ]D URN =DLQWHUHVRZDQ\FK G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFLรฃ 6DPRU]รฃGX 'RNWRUDQWร Z 8(. ]DFKรทFDP\ GR SROXELHQLD IDQSDJHpX 6' QD IDFHERRNX L ฤณOHG]HQLD ZV]\VWNLFK QDMQRZV]\FK ZLDGRPRฤณFL Aleksandra Kultys


jednostki

=KbMTVQIVa +P{Z

Dominata

0X]\ND \W_IZba[ba KbรฐW_QMSW_Q WL KbI[{_ XZMPQ[\WZaKbVaKP RISW RMLMV bM ฤฌZWLS{_ SWU]VQSIKRQ _aZIฤตIVQI ]Kb]ฤ Q XZbMSIba_IVQI bLWJa\MR _QMLba KbaTQ MDNR HOHPHQWDUQ\ F]\QQLN WZRU]HQLD ZVSร OQRW\

T

aN MDN Uร ล QH SOHPLRQD VSRW\NDฤ \ VLรท Z SU]HV]ฤ RฤณFL L SU]\ Gล ZLรทNDFK WZRU]RQHM VDPRG]LHOQLH PX]\NL SRฤ รฃF]\ฤ \ VZRMH VLฤ \ SRSU]H] Z\PLHQLDQLH VLรท VZRLP GRURENLHP L RVLรฃJQLรทFLDPL NXOWXURZ\PL WDN VWXGHQFL 8(. X QDVWDZLHQL QD UR]Zร M RVRELVW\ L NDULHUรท VSRW\NDMรฃ VLรท Z 'RPLQDQFLH

,OH RVร E Z 'RPLQDQFLH W\OH Uร ล Q\FK SRJOรฃGร Z WUDG\FML NXOWXU L JXVWร Z DOH WDN MDN X SLHUZRWQ\FK OXG]L WDN L X QDV PX]\ND SRWUDIL ]DFLHUDรฅ ZV]HONLH Uร ล QLFH SRPLรทG]\ LQG\ZLGXDPL L ฤ รฃF]\รฅ = WDNLP QDVWDZLHQLHP ] SRF]รฃWNLHP SDล G]LHUQLND SU]\MรทOLฤณP\ GR QDV]\FK V]HUHJร Z RNRฤ R F]WHUG]LHVWX QRZ\FK FKร U]\VWร Z D SRG NRQLHF PLHVLรฃFD SRMHFKDOLฤณP\ GR VWROLF\ $XVWULL QD ZDUV]WDW\ V]NROHQLRZH PDMรฃFH SU]\JRWRZDรฅ QDV GR ]EOLล DMรฃFHJR VLรท NRQNXUVX ']LรทNL ZLHORPLHVLรทF]QHM FLรทล NLHM SUDF\ OLVWRSDGD ] RJURPQรฃ UDGRฤณFLรฃ SU]Hล \ZDOLฤณP\ ]Z\FLรทVWZR Z q;9 0LรทG]\QDURGRZ\P )HVWLZDOX 5\EQLFND -HVLHฤก &Kร UDOQDr LP +HQU\ND 0LNRฤ DMD *ร UHFNLHJR 'RVWDOLฤณP\ ZLHOH QDJUร G โ ข

=ฤ RW\ G\SORP L SLHUZV]H PLHMVFH Z NDWHJRULL FKร Uร Z DNDGHPLFNLFK

โ ข

1DJURGรท ]D QDMOHSV]H Z\NRQDQLH XWZRUX PX]\NL ZVSร ฤ F]HVQHJR NRPSR]\WRUD ฤณOรฃVNLHJR

โ ข

1DJURGรท LP 3URI &]HVฤ DZD )UHXQGD GOD 1DMOHSV]HJR '\U\JHQWD )HVWLZDOX RWU]\PDฤ D QDV]D G\U\JHQWND 0Dฤ JRU]DWD /DQJHU .Uร O

โ ข

1DJURGรท ]D QDMOHSV]H Z\NRQDQLH XWZRUX +HQU\ND 0LNRฤ DMD *ร UHFNLHJR

โ ข

1DJURGรท *UDQG 3UL[

-HVWHฤณP\ GRGDWNRZR GXPQL ] QDV]HJR RVLรฃJQLรทFLD ]H Z]JOรทGX QD NROHMQรฃ PRล OLZRฤณรฅ NWร Uรฃ GDMH QDP ฤณSLHZDQLH Z FKร U]H MDNรฃ MHVW SLHOรทJQRZDQLH SROVNLHJR GRURENX DUW\VW\F]QHJR L UR]SRZV]HFKQLDQLH SROVNLHM NXOWXU\ QD ฤณZLHFLH DOH L ORNDOQ\FK NXOWXU Z 3ROVFH 7DND LGHD SU]\ฤณZLHFD QDP Z WUDNFLH SU]\JRWRZDฤก L RUJDQL]DFML QDGFKRG]รฃFHJR -XELOHXV]X G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFL 'RPLQDQW\ NWร U\ RGEรทG]LH VLรท Z PDMX URNX L QD NWร U\ MXล WHUD] ] RJURPQรฃ SU]\MHPQRฤณFLรฃ ]DSUDV]DP\ &Lรทล NR VRELH Z\REUD]Lรฅ MDNรฃ RJURPQรฃ ZDUWRฤณFLรฃ GRGDQรฃ MHVW GOD QDV PRล OLZRฤณรฅ ฤณSLHZDQLD Z FKร U]H XQLZHUV\WHFNLP 0X]\ND WRZDU]\V]รฃFD QDP SU]\ SURFHVLH HGXNDFML F]\QL JR F]\Pฤณ ZLรทFHM QLล SU]\VZDMDQ\PL EH]ZLHGQLH IDNWDPL 3RQDGWR XERJDFD QDV L VSUDZLD ล H MDNR Pฤ RG]L OXG]LH NV]WDฤ WXMรฃF\ VZRMH SRJOรฃG\ L ZNUDF]DMรฃF\ Z VDPRG]LHOQH ล \FLH MHVWHฤณP\ EDUG]LHM ZUDล OLZL L GRฤณZLDGF]HQL 1DGFKRG]รฃF\ MXELOHXV] MHVW NOXF]RZ\P PRPHQWHP Z W\P URNX DNDGHPLFNLP 3ODQXMHP\ ]DSURVLรฅ GR ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ ZV]\VWNLFK E\ฤ \FK L REHFQ\FK FKร U]\VWร Z DE\ SRGNUHฤณOLรฅ ZDUWRฤณรฅ MDNรฃ MHVW GOD QDV QDV]D ZVSร OQRWD L SRG]LรทNRZDรฅ ]D ]GRE\WH GRฤณZLDGF]HQLH L OXG]L NWร U]\ ]QDOHล OL VLรท Z QDV]\P ล \FLX G]LรทNL 'RPLQDQFLH

2G SRF]รฃWNX SDล G]LHUQLND XERJDFDP\ VZRLP ฤณSLHZHP Uร ล QHJR URG]DMX XURF]\VWRฤณFL XF]HOQLDQH P LQ XURF]\VWรฃ ,QDXJXUDFMรท QRZHJR URNX DNDGHPLFNLHJR ,QDXJXUDFMรท 8QLZHUV\WHWX ,,, :LHNX ']LHฤก 3DPLรทFL 3URPRFMรท $EVROZHQWร Z .ROHJLXP *$3 3RQDGWR PLHOLฤณP\ ]DV]F]\W Z\NRQDรฅ Z\EUDQH 0RWHW\ -RKQD 5XWWHUD SRGF]DV NRQFHUWX Z UDPDFK 'QL -3,, %\OLฤณP\ MHGQ\P ] F]WHUHFK FKร Uร Z XQLZHUV\WHFNLFK D WRZDU]\V]\ฤ D QDP 2UNLHVWUD .DPHUDOQD $NDGHPLL 0X]\F]QHM Z .UDNRZLH SRG EDWXWรฃ 5HNWRUD $0 t SURI 6W .UDZF]\ฤกVNLHJR .RQFHUW WHQ Z\SHฤ QLฤ SXEOLF]QRฤณFLรฃ ZQรทWU]H NRฤณFLRฤ D ฤณZLรทW\FK DSRVWRฤ ร Z 3LRWUD L 3DZฤ D 3RPLPR SUDFRZLWHJR L REILWHJR Z VXNFHV\ SRF]รฃWNX URNX DNDGHPLFNLHJR QLH PDP\ F]DVX QD RGSRF]\QHN -Xล UXV]\OLฤณP\ ] SU]\JRWRZDQLDPL GR NRQFHUWX NWร U\ ]DฤณSLHZDP\ UD]HP ] QDV]\PL JRฤณรฅPL ] 53$ 7KH 3RWFKHIVWURRP 8QLYHUVLW\ &KRLU 1D NROHMQH W\JRGQLH JUXGQLD PDP\ MXล ]DSODQRZDQH NRQFHUW\ NROรทG L WR QLH W\ONR Z XQLZHUV\WHFNLP JURQLH =DSUDV]DP\ VHUGHF]QLH QD ZV]\VWNLH ]EOLล DMรฃFH VLรท Z\GDU]HQLD DOH Uร ZQLHล GR GRฤ รฃF]HQLD GR QDV]HJR FKร UX 3Uร E\ RGE\ZDMรฃ VLรท ZH ZWRUNL L F]ZDUWNL RG JRG]LQ\ GR =DSUDV]DP\ Facebook: Dominanta Choir Instagram: dominanta.uek YouTube: choirDOMINANTA E-mail: dominanta.uek@gmail.com

73


studenci

= PLฤ RฤณFL LW _QMTWRฤ baKbVWฤฌKQ 3URMHNW 6]NROHQLD -รท]\NRZH QLH SU]HVWDMH ]DG]LZLDรฅ VZRMรฃ Uร ล QRURGQRฤณFLรฃ L VNDOรฃ RGG]LDฤ \ZDQLD ? JQMฤตฤ KMR ยง R]ฤต MLaKRQ 2M[QMฤก

! _ WNMZKQM XZWRMS\] bVITIbรฐa [Qฤ Iฤต Rฤ baSQ b KIรฐMOW ฤฌ_QI\I ยง IVOQMT[SQ IZIJ[SQ KPWZ_IKSQ NZIVK][SQ PQVLQ PQ[bXIฤก[SQ QVLWVMbaR[SQ RIXWฤก[SQ รฐW\M_[SQ UIVLIZaฤก[SQ VQMUQMKSQ VWZ_M[SQ XWT[SQ LTI WJKWSZIRW_K{_ 8WT[SQ 2ฤ baS 5QOW_a ZW[aR[SQ Z]U]ฤก[SQ [MZJ[SQ [b_MLbSQ \]ZMKSQ ]SZIQฤก[SQ _รฐW[SQ WZIb Rฤ baS XZWOZIUW_IVQI + =DMรทFLD SURZDG]L SRQDG OHNWRUร Z ] F]HJR SUDZLH SRฤ RZD WR QDWLYH VSHDNHU]\ Mรท]\Nร Z REF\FK

S

74

]NROHQLD -รท]\NRZH WR SURMHNW RUJDQL]RZDQ\ SU]H] .Rฤ R 1DXNRZH 5R]ZRMX 2VRELVWHJR G]LDฤ DMรฃFH SU]\ .DWHGU]H =DU]รฃG]DQLD =DVREDPL 3UDF\ 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH RG URNX 3U]H] WHQ F]DV Z SURMHNFLH Z]Lรทฤ R XG]LDฤ MXล SRQDG OHNWRUร Z t PLฤ RฤณQLNร Z Mรท]\Nร Z REF\FK Jฤ ร ZQLH VWXGHQWร Z NWร U]\ SUDJQรฃ SRG]LHOLรฅ VLรท VZRMรฃ SDVMรฃ XPLHMรทWQRฤณFLDPL L ]DDQJDล RZDQLHP D WDNล H SUDZLH XF]HVWQLNร Z SR]QDMรฃF\FK Mรท]\Nร Z REF\FK QD SR]LRPDFK RG $ GR & 3URMHNW 6]NROHQLD -รท]\NRZH WR PLHMVFH JG]LH NDล G\ PRล H ]GRE\รฅ FRฤณ FHQQHJR t OHNWRU]\ GRVNRQDOรฃ VZร M QDXF]\FLHOVNL ZDUV]WDW Z SU]\MD]Q\P ฤณURGRZLVNX L UR]ZLMDMรฃ NRPSHWHQFMH PLรทNNLH XF]HVWQLF\ SR]QDMรฃ Mรท]\NL NWร U\FK F]รทVWR QLH PLHOLE\ RND]ML SR]QDรฅ Z LQQ\FK ZDUXQNDFK QDWRPLDVW RUJDQL]DWRU]\ ]GRE\ZDMรฃ EH]FHQQH GRฤณZLDGF]HQLH Z ]DU]รฃG]DQLX SURMHNWHP D XF]HOQLH XPRล OLZLDMรฃ VZRLP VWXGHQWRP ZLHORNLHUXQNRZ\ UR]Zร M ,QQ\PL Vฤ RZ\ ]\VNXMรฃ ZV]\VF\

G]LDฤ DQLD Z PHGLDFK VSRฤ HF]QRฤณFLRZ\FK SUDZLH ]Jฤ RV]Hฤก XF]HVWQLNร Z SURMHNWX D WDNล H ]DXIDQLH MDNLP RG NLONX HG\FML REGDU]DMรฃ QDV QDVL KRQRURZL SDWURQL

3URMHNW FLHV]\ VLรท QLH]Z\Nฤ รฃ SRSXODUQRฤณFLรฃ QLH W\ONR ZฤณUร G VWXGHQWร Z NUDNRZVNLFK XF]HOQL Z\ล V]\FK ฤฒZLDGF]\ R W\P QS OLF]ED RVร E VWDOH REVHUZXMรฃF\FK QDV]H

โ ข

โ ข

โ ข

โ ข

5HNWRU 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR SURI 8(. GU KDE LQล $QGU]HM &KRFKร ฤ 5HNWRU 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3DSLHVNLHJR -DQD 3DZฤ D ,, Z .UDNRZLH NV SURI GU KDE :RMFLHFK =\]DN 3URG]LHNDQ GV '\GDNW\NL :\G]LDฤ X )LORORJLF]QHJR 8QLZHUV\WHWX -DJLHOORฤกVNLHJR GU KDE :ฤ DG\Vฤ DZ :LWDOLV]

3RQDGWR ] UDGRฤณFLรฃ SU]\MรทOLฤณP\ ZLDGRPRฤณรฅ ล H RG REHFQHM HG\FML ZฤณUร G KRQRURZ\FK SDWURQร Z SURMHNWX ]QDOHล OL VLรท โ ข

โ ข

โ ข

5HNWRU $NDGHPLL ,JQDWLDQXP Z .UDNRZLH NV SURI GU KDE -ร ]HI %UHPHU 65HNWRU 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3HGDJRJLF]QHJR SURI GU KDE .D]LPLHU] .DUROF]DN 5HNWRU 3ROLWHFKQLNL .UDNRZVNLHM SURI GU KDE LQล -DQ .D]LRU 5HNWRU $NDGHPLL 0X]\F]QHM SURI GU KDE 6WDQLVฤ DZ .UDZF]\ฤกVNL

โ ข

5HNWRU 8QLZHUV\WHWX 5ROQLF]HJR Z .UDNRZLH SURI GU KDE LQล :ฤ RG]LPLHU] 6DG\

-HVWHฤณP\ EDUG]R ZG]LรทF]QL ]D RND]DQH QDP ]DXIDQLH ZLDUรท Z VWXGHQWร Z RUD] ZVSDUFLH Z UHDOL]RZDQLX ZL]ML .Rฤ D 1DXNRZHJR 5R]ZRMX 2VRELVWHJR t WZRU]HQLD RWZDUWHM VLHFL ]GRE\ZDQLD ZLHG]\ XPLHMรทWQRฤณFL L GRฤณZLDGF]Hฤก : ELHล รฃFHM HG\FML SODQRZDQH Vรฃ WDNล H ZLHF]RUNL NXOWXURZH RUD] LQQH Z\GDU]HQLD PDMรฃFH QD FHOX SU]\EOLล HQLH VWXGHQWRP NXOWXU\ LQQ\FK QDURGร Z Z VZRERGQHM DWPRVIHU]H 6]NROHQLD -รท]\NRZH WR Uร ZQLHล FLรทล ND SUDFD ]HVSRฤ X SURMHNWRZHJR NWร U\ Z NDล GHM NROHMQHM HG\FML Z\]QDF]D VRELH DPELWQH FHOH L Gรฃล \ GR LFK ]UHDOL]RZDQLD 7R WDNล H UR]Zร M FDฤ HJR ZDFKODU]D XPLHMรทWQRฤณFL UDGRฤณรฅ ]H ZVSร ฤ G]LDฤ DQLD L RJURPQD VDW\VIDNFMD 7UZDMรฃFD RG OLVWRSDGD HG\FMD -HVLHฤก ]DSRZLDGD VLรท EDUG]R FLHNDZLH t ZV]\VWNLFK ]DLQWHUHVRZDQ\FK ]DFKรทFDP\ Uร ZQLHล GR ฤณOHG]HQLD QDV]HJR IDQSDJHpD 6]NROHQLD -รท]\NRZH QD NWร U\P ]DPLHV]F]DQH Vรฃ DNWXDOQH LQIRUPDFMH Polubcie nas! :)


studenci

Dlaczego warto ]Kbaฤ [Qฤ [XZbMLIฤตa' 'QLD OLVWRSDGD U PLHOLฤณP\ RND]Mรท EUDรฅ XG]LDฤ Z V]NROHQLX q:\JUDM Z VSU]HGDล r WZOIVQbW_IVaU XZbMb 3WรฐW 6I]SW_M

BIZbฤ LbIVQI BI[WJIUQ 4]LbSQUQ ยฉ8MZ[WVITVQยช LbQIรฐIRฤ KM XZba 3I\MLZbM BIZbฤ LbIVQI BI[WJIUQ 8ZIKa

N

DV]H ZDUV]WDW\ SRSURZDG]Lฤ .DPLO 6NLFNL t Zฤ DฤณFLFLHO SUรทล QLH G]LDฤ DMรฃFHM DJHQFML PDUNHWLQJRZHM 6XEOLPD 0HGLD RGSRZLHG]LDOQHM ]D VWUDWHJLH RUD] G]LDฤ DQLD PDUNHWLQJRZH NLONX SROVNLFK L DPHU\NDฤกVNLFK G\QDPLF]QLH UR]ZLMDMรฃF\FK VLรท ILUP : W\P URNX SU]HV]NROLฤ MXล NLOND W\VLรทF\ RVร E ] WHPDW\NL PHGLร Z VSRฤ HF]QRฤณFLRZ\FK PDUNHWLQJX VSU]HGDล \ RUD] UR]ZRMX EL]QHVX :DUV]WDW\ UR]SRF]รทฤ \ VLรท RG NUร WNLHJR ZSURZDG]HQLD Z ฤณZLDW VSU]HGDล \ L XV\VWHPDW\]RZDQLD SRMรทรฅ ] QLรฃ ]ZLรฃ]DQ\FK 1DV] SUHOHJHQW XWZLHUG]Lฤ QDV Z SU]HNRQDQLX ล H NDล G\ ] QDV Z SHZQ\P VHQVLH MHVW VSU]HGDZFรฃ D WR FR PDP\ GR VSU]HGDQLD QLH ]DZV]H PXVL E\รฅ NRQNUHWQ\P SURGXNWHP F]\ XVฤ XJรฃ ZLHG]รท LGHH F]\ QDZHW SRJOรฃG\ Uร ZQLHล PRล QD VSU]HGDรฅ

QDWรทล HQLD Jฤ RVX 3U]H] ]DVWRVRZDQLH RG]ZLHUFLHGOHQLD VSUDZLDP\ ล H UR]Pร ZFD F]XMH VLรท Z QDV]HM REHFQRฤณFL NRPIRUWRZR L EH]SLHF]QLH G]LรทNL F]HPX FKรทWQLHM Z\Vฤ XFKD DUJXPHQWร Z SU]HPDZLDMรฃF\FK ]D ]DNXSHP

VSU]HGDล \ 1D ]DNRฤกF]HQLH F]รทฤณFL ZDUV]WDWRZHM VSRWNDQLD QDV] SUHOHJHQW ]PLHU]\ฤ VLรท ] Z\]ZDQLHP GRNRQDQLD VNXWHF]QHM VSU]HGDล \ W\P VDP\ SRND]XMรฃF QDP MDN SUDZLGฤ RZR SRZLQLHQ Z\JOรฃGDรฅ WHQ SURFHV

1LH]Z\NOH FHQQ\P GRฤณZLDGF]HQLHP E\ฤ \ รฅZLF]HQLD SROHJDMรฃFH QD RGJU\ZDQLX Uร O SRGF]DV NWร U\FK MHGQD RVRED VWDUDฤ D VLรท SU]HNRQDรฅ LQQH GR ]DNXSX Z\EUDQHJR SURGXNWX ']LรทNL WHJR W\SX รฅZLF]HQLRP PLHOLฤณP\ QLH W\ONR V]DQVรท QD SUDNW\F]QH ]D]QDMRPLHQLH VLรท ] SR]QDQ\PL PHWRGDPL VSU]HGDล RZ\PL DOH WDNล H QD ]DREVHUZRZDQLH QDMF]รทVWV]\FK Eฤ รทGร Z SRSHฤ QLDQ\FK SRGF]DV SUร E\

:Dล Qรฃ F]รทฤณFLรฃ VSRWNDQLD E\ฤ D PRล OLZRฤณรฅ ]DGDZDQLD S\WDฤก ] NWร UHM VWXGHQFL FKรทWQLH VNRU]\VWDOL 6SRWNDQLH ]DNRฤกF]\ฤ R VLรท SRG]LรทNRZDQLDPL RG $OHNVDQGU\ 0DUFLQNRZVNLHM 3UH]HV .Rฤ D ]D SRฤณZLรทFRQ\ SU]H] SUHOHJHQWD F]DV : ZDUV]WDWDFK Z]Lรทฤ R XG]LDฤ RNRฤ R SLรทรฅG]LHVLรทFLX RVร E

Monika Koral

: WUDNFLH WUZDQLD V]NROHQLD SR]QDOLฤณP\ ZLHOH WHFKQLN Xฤ DWZLDMรฃF\FK VSU]HGDล RUD] QDZLรฃ]\ZDQLH NRQWDNWร Z ] SRWHQFMDOQ\PL NOLHQWDPL =DOLF]D VLรท GR QLFK WHFKQLND RG]ZLHUFLHGODQLD RNUHฤณODQD ] Mรท]\ND DQJLHOVNLHJR MDNR PLUURULQJ 3ROHJD QD XSRGREQLHQLX VLรท GR NOLHQWD SRSU]H] SRGREQรฃ JHVW\NXODFMรท ]EOLล RQH ]DFKRZDQLH F]\ GRVWRVRZDQLH WHPSD Pร ZLHQLD RUD] 75


studenci

TMKQM .Rฤ D 1DXNRZHJR Analizy Danych ,VQI ! 3WรฐW 6I]SW_M )VITQba ,IVaKP WJKPWLbQรฐW LbQM[Qฤ KQWTMKQM [_MR LbQIรฐITVWฤฌKQ : ]ZLรฃ]NX ] WDN XURF]\VWรฃ URF]QLFรฃ SRVWDQRZLOLฤณP\ ]RUJDQL]RZDรฅ Uร ZQLH XURF]\VW\ MXELOHXV] S\{Za UQIรฐ UQMR[KM _ VW_MR [ITQ [MVIKSQMR _ XI_QTWVQM /

W

\GDU]HQLH VNฤ DGDฤ R VLรท ] F]รทฤณFL RILFMDOQHM RUD] QLHRILFMDOQHM : SLHUZV]HM ] QLFK NWร Uรฃ XฤณZLHWQLOL VZRMรฃ REHFQRฤณFLรฃ SURI GU KDE -ร ]HI 3RFLHFKD SURI GU KDE $GDP 6DJDQ GU KDE $UWXU 3UรทGNL RUD] GU ฤ XNDV] .ZLDWNRZVNL RGE\ฤ R VLรท SRGVXPRZDQLH GRW\FKF]DVRZHM G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFL QDV]HJR .Rฤ D 1D VSRWNDQLX SU]HGVWDZLRQR SRNUร WFH KLVWRULรท L VXNFHV\ .Rฤ D NWร UH QLH E\ฤ \E\ PRล OLZH EH] SUDF\ RUD] ]DDQJDล RZDQLD ZLHOX RVร E QD SU]HVWU]HQL RVWDWQLFK G]LHVLรทFLX ODW .Dล GH Z\GDU]HQLH NDล GH VSRWNDQLH NDล G\ SURMHNW NRQNXUV NRQIHUHQFMD Z\PDJDฤ \ RG QDV F]ฤ RQNร Z .Rฤ D RUD] MHJR RSLHNXQร Z DNW\ZQHJR XG]LDฤ X SRฤณZLรทFHQLD F]DVX L Zฤ Rล HQLD Z\VLฤ NX 7UXG WHQ MHGQDN RZRFRZDฤ ]D NDล G\P UD]HP QDE\FLHP FHQQHJR GRฤณZLDGF]HQLD NWร UH ILQDOQLH SU]HUDG]D VLรท Z XPLHMรทWQRฤณFL RUD] NRPSHWHQFMH WDN ZDล QH QD G]LVLHMV]\P U\QNX SUDF\ 1D SU]HVWU]HQL RVWDWQLFK SLรทFLX ODW F]ฤ RQNDPL .Rฤ D E\ฤ R SRQDG RVร E .Dล GD ] W\FK RVร E WR LQG\ZLGXDOQRฤณรฅ NWร UD ZQLRVฤ D F]รฃVWNรท VZRMHM RVRERZRฤณFL Z MHJR ล \FLH %H] W\FK OXG]L .Rฤ R QLH PLDฤ RE\ UDFML E\WX SRQLHZDล LVWQLHMH RQR SR WR E\ VWZDU]Dรฅ PRล OLZRฤณFL RUD] SRV]HU]Dรฅ KRU\]RQW\ VZRLFK F]ฤ RQNร Z =RUJDQL]RZDOLฤณP\ SRQDG VSRWNDQLD ] SU]HGVWDZLFLHODPL ILUP RUD] V]NROHQLD GRW\F]รฃFH DQDOL]\ GDQ\FK 3U]HGVWDZLFLHOH ILUP ]DMPXMรฃF\ VLรท V]HURNR SRMรทWรฃ DQDOLW\Nรฃ RGNU\ZDOL

76

SU]HG QDPL VNRPSOLNRZDQ\ ฤณZLDW DQDOL]\ GDQ\FK REMDฤณQLDMรฃF MDNLH Z\]ZDQLD F]HNDMรฃ Z SU]\V]ฤ RฤณFL F]ฤ RQNร Z .Rฤ D F]HJR PRJรฃ VLรท VSRG]LHZDรฅ RUD] QD FR QDOHล \ XZDล Dรฅ 1DWRPLDVW V]NROHQLD XF]\ฤ \ QDV NRU]\VWDรฅ ] QDU]รทG]L G]LรทNL NWร U\P PRล HP\ WHQ ฤณZLDW RGNU\ZDรฅ QD Zฤ DVQรฃ UรทNรท RUD] E\รฅ QDMOHSV]\PL Z VZRLFK G]LHG]LQDFK =RUJDQL]RZDOLฤณP\ HG\FML .RQIHUHQFML 1$:1( GRW\F]รฃFHM ]DVWRVRZDฤก QDU]รทG]L DQDOLW\F]Q\FK Z QDXNDFK HNRQRPLF]Q\FK NWร UD MHVW IODJRZ\P SU]HGVLรทZ]LรทFLHP QDV]HJR .Rฤ D QDMZDล QLHMV]\P RUD] QDMWUXGQLHMV]\P ] Z\GDU]Hฤก RUJDQL]RZDQ\FK SU]H] .1$' 3RGF]DV GZร FK GQL WUZDQLD NRQIHUHQFML RUJDQL]RZDQH Vรฃ OLF]QH FLHNDZH Z\Nฤ DG\ RUD] SUHOHNFMH SR]ZDODMรฃFH VWXGHQWRP 8(. X GRZLHG]LHรฅ VLรท ZLรทFHM R W\P MDN ZDล Qรฃ UROรท RGJU\ZD DQDOL]D GDQ\FK ZH ZVSร ฤ F]HVQHM HNRQRPLL : WUDNFLH W\FK ODW .Rฤ R 1DXNRZH $QDOL]\ 'DQ\FK E\ฤ R VZHJR URG]DMX Zรท]ฤ HP Z\PLDQ\ QLHPDO QLHVNRฤกF]RQHM OLF]E\ LQIRUPDFML RUD] GRฤณZLDGF]Hฤก VZRLVWรฃ SODWIRUPรฃ QD NWร UHM G]LรทNL SRPRF\ RSLHNXQร Z VSRW\NDOL VLรท QDMDPELWQLHMVL VWXGHQFL ]DMPXMรฃF\ VLรท WHPDW\Nรฃ DQDOL]\ GDQ\FK NWร U\P .Rฤ R VWZDU]Dฤ R PRล OLZRฤณรฅ GDOV]HJR UR]ZRMX &]รทฤณรฅ RILFMDOQรฃ MXELOHXV]X ]DLQLFMRZDฤ R Z\VWรฃSLHQLH 3DQD 3URIHVRUD -ร ]HID 3RFLHFK\ ZLHOROHWQLHJR NLHURZQLND .DWHGU\ 6WDW\VW\NL GRW\F]รฃFH NRQW\QXDFML WUDG\FML G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFL .Rฤ D (NRQRPHWU\Nร Z SU]H] REHFQH

.1$' .Rฤ R (NRQRPHWU\Nร Z G]LDฤ Dฤ R QD QDV]HM 8F]HOQL GR ODW ;; ZLHNX 1DVWรทSQLH Jฤ RV ]DEUDฤ MHGHQ ] GDZQ\FK F]ฤ RQNร Z .Rฤ D 3DQ PJU $GULDQ %XUGD NWร U\ SU]HGVWDZLฤ P LQ SRF]รฃWNL G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFL .1$' *ฤ ร ZQ\P SXQNWHP F]รทฤณFL RILFMDOQHM E\ฤ R SU]\SRPQLHQLH WHJR FR Z\GDU]\ฤ R VLรท Z .ROH QD SU]HVWU]HQL RVWDWQLFK G]LHVLรทFLX ODW 5HIHUHQWDPL Z WHM F]รทฤณFL VSRWNDQLD E\OL 3DQ GU KDE $UWXU 3UรทGNL 3UรทGNL t MHGHQ ] RSLHNXQร Z .1$' SUDFRZQLN .DWHGU\ (NRQRPHWULL L %DGDฤก 2SHUDF\MQ\FK RUD] 3DQ 7\PRWHXV] 7XWDN t ZLFHSUH]HV GV 6WUDWHJLL .1$' =DGDQLH WUXGQH ]ZDล DMรฃF QD WR MDN ERJDWรฃ Z Z\GDU]HQLD KLVWRULรท SRVLDGD QDV]H .Rฤ R : QDVWรทSQHM NROHMQRฤณFL Jฤ RV ]DEUDฤ 3DQ 3URIHVRU $GDP 6DJDQ NLHURZQLN .DWHGU\ $QDOL]\ 5\QNX L %DGDฤก 0DUNHWLQJRZ\FK :\UD]Lฤ RQ VZRMH ]DGRZROHQLH ]H ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ ] F]ฤ RQNDPL .Rฤ D SU]\ UHDOL]DFML EDGDฤก VWDWXWRZ\FK .DWHGU\ RUD] ZROรท NRQW\QXDFML ZVSร ฤ SUDF\ Z W\P ]DNUHVLH 1D NRQLHF Z\VWรฃSLฤ D REHFQD SUH]HV .Rฤ D 1DXNRZHJR $QDOL]\ GDQ\FK 3DQL 0Dฤ JRU]DWD .D]DN NWร UD SU]HGVWDZLฤ D P LQ SODQ G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFL QD ELHล รฃF\ URN DNDGHPLFNL -XELOHXV] ]DNRฤกF]\ฤ R ZUรทF]HQLH SRG]LรทNRZDฤก GOD RVร E ]DDQJDล RZDQ\FK Z UR]Zร M RUD] G]LDฤ DOQRฤณรฅ QDV]HM RUJDQL]DFML &]รทฤณรฅ QLHRILFMDOQD RGE\ฤ D VLรท Z NOXELH *URWD L ]GDQLHP MHM XF]HVWQLNร Z E\ฤ D EDUG]R XGDQD Tymoteusz Tutak



wspomnienie

Prof. dr hab.

2MZba )T\SWZV (1931-2004) 5QRI TI\ WL [U]\VMOW XWฤตMOVIVQI VI[bMOW 5Q[\ZbI Q 6I]KbaKQMTI _aJQ\VMOW =KbWVMOW ?aKPW_I_Ka UรฐWLbQMฤตa :MS\WZI VI[bMR =KbMTVQ _ TI\IKP ! !! : GQLX OLVWRSDGD U ]JLQรฃฤ 3URIHVRU -HU]\ $OWNRUQ

P

rRIHVRU -HU]\ $OWNRUQ ]DMPXMH ]QDF]รฃFH PLHMVFH Z SROVNLHM QDXFH R KDQGOX SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZLH KDQGORZ\P L PDUNHWLQJX

VROLGQ\FK IXQGDPHQWร Z GOD QDXF]DQLD PDUNHWLQJX Z G\GDNW\FH V]NRฤ \ Z\ล V]HM IXQGDPHQWร Z RSDUW\FK R ฤณZLDWRZ\ GRUREHN QDXN R PDUNHWLQJX

3U]H] ZV]\VWNLH ODWD VZHM DNW\ZQRฤณFL ]ZLรฃ]DQ\ E\ฤ ] $NDGHPLรฃ (NRQRPLF]Qรฃ Z .UDNRZLH t E\ฤ MHM DEVROZHQWHP L SURIHVRUHP NLHURZQLNLHP .DWHGU\ 0DUNHWLQJX L UHNWRUHP %\ฤ WHล GRNWRUHP KRQRULV FDXVD *UDQG 9DOOH\ 6WDWH 8QLYHUVLW\ L 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z %UDW\Vฤ DZLH 'RUREHN QDXNRZ\ 3URIHVRUD ZSLVDฤ VLรท EDUG]R SRZDล QLH L WUZDOH Z RVLรฃJQLรทFLD QDXN HNRQRPLF]Q\FK RUD] QDXN R ]DU]รฃG]DQLX Z W\P Z UR]Zร M QDXN R PDUNHWLQJX Z 3ROVFH 3XEOLNDFMH 3URIHVRUD - $OWNRUQD E\ฤ \ Vรฃ L ] SHZQRฤณFLรฃ EรทGรฃ ล Uร Gฤ HP LQVSLUDFML EDGDZF]\FK ZLHOX F\WRZDฤก RPร ZLHฤก DQDOL] L NRPHQWDU]\ 3UDFH 3URIHVRUD ]DZV]H ERZLHP ]DFKรทFDฤ \ L SREXG]Dฤ \ ฤณURGRZLVNR PDUNHWLQJX GR WZร UF]HM UHIOHNVML D WDNล H VWDQRZLฤ \ ]DFKรทWรท GR GDOV]\FK SRV]XNLZDฤก QDXNRZ\FK GR SRGHMPRZDQLD SRJฤ รทELRQ\FK DPELWQ\FK EDGDฤก HPSLU\F]Q\FK 3UDFH RSDUWH QD 78

UR]OHJฤ HM NZHUHQG]LH OLWHUDWXU\ ฤณZLDWRZHM MHM WZร UF]HM PRG\ILNDFML GR NRQNUHWQ\FK XZDUXQNRZDฤก RULHQWDFML U\QNRZHM SROVNLFK SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZ Z ]ฤ Rล RQ\P L ZLHORZ\PLDURZ\P SURFHVLH WUDQVIRUPDFML XVWURMRZHM SR URNX WZRU]\ฤ \ L UR]ZLMDฤ \ WHRUHW\F]QH SRGVWDZ\ QDXNL R PDUNHWLQJX RUD] VWUDWHJLDFK PDUNHWLQJRZ\FK SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZ 0LDฤ \ RQH ]DUD]HP FKDUDNWHU PRQRJUDILL QDXNRZ\FK UR]SUDZ WHRUHW\F]Q\FK MDN L SXEOLNDFML R SU]H]QDF]HQLX G\GDNW\F]Q\P 3URIHVRU PRFQR DNFHQWRZDฤ SRWU]HEรท VWZRU]HQLD

โ ข

3RGVWDZRZH SUDFH 3URIHVRUD t LQG\ZLGXDOQH OXE ]HVSRฤ RZH t NWร UH ZQLRVฤ \ LVWRWQ\ ZNฤ DG Z UR]Zร M PDUNHWLQJX Z QDV]\P NUDMX VWDQRZLรฃ

โ ข

3RGVWDZ\ PDUNHWLQJX ,QVW\WXW 0DUNHWLQJX .UDNร Z Z\GDQLH ZLHORNURWQLH Z]QDZLDQH

โ ข

3RGVWDZ\ PDUNHWLQJX WXU\VW\F]QHJR $( .UDNร Z

โ ข

0DUNHWLQJ Z WXU\VW\FH 3:1 :DUV]DZD

โ ข

/HNV\NRQ PDUNHWLQJX t SUDFD ]ELRU SRG ZVSร OQรฃ UHGDNFMรฃ ] SURIHVRUHP 7HRGRUHP .UDPHUHP 3:( :DUV]DZD

โ ข

6WUDWHJLD PDUNL 3:( :DUV]DZD

โ ข

:L]XDOL]DFMD ILUP\ ,QVW\WXW 0DUNHWLQJX .UDNร Z


.LHUXQNL UR]ZRMX ]DU]รฃG]DQLD PDUNHWLQJRZHJR Z 3ROVFH $( .UDNร Z

โ ข

:L]HUXQHN ILUP\ :6% 'รฃEURZD *ร UQLF]D

VSRVREDPL MHM SUH]HQWDFML GOD JURQD VZRLFK Vฤ XFKDF]\ L VWXGHQWร Z 3URZDG]Lฤ Z\Nฤ DG\ QLH W\ONR Z VZRLP PDFLHU]\VW\P 8QLZHUV\WHFLH OHF] WDNล H Z ZLHOX XF]HOQLDFK SROVNLFK L ]DJUDQLF]Q\FK 3URIHVRU E\ฤ SRZV]HFKQLH Z 3ROVFH L ]D JUDQLFรฃ X]QDZDQ\P $XWRU\WHWHP 0LVWU]HP L 1DXF]\FLHOHP 1DV]H ฤณURGRZLVNR ]DZG]LรทF]D 3URIHVRURZL LVWRWQ\ L WZร UF]\ ZNฤ DG Z VWZRU]HQLH t ZUD] ] LQQ\PL Z\ELWQ\P 3URIHVRUDPL t SROVNLHJR VSRVREX Z\MDฤณQLDQLD LVWRW\ RULHQWDFML U\QNRZHM SU]HGVLรทELRUVWZ VSRVREX RSDUWHJR QD

3RQDGWR 3URIHVRU E\ฤ DXWRUHP EDUG]R ZLHOX ]QDF]รฃF\FK DUW\NXฤ ร Z QDXNRZ\FK UHIHUDWร Z SUH]HQWRZDQ\FK QD OLF]Q\FK NRQIHUHQFMDFK 3ROVFH L SR]D MHM JUDQLFDPL OLF]Q\FK HNVSHUW\] DQDOL] L NRPHQWDU]\ 3URIHVRU - $OWNRUQ E\ฤ Z\ELWQ\P G\GDNW\NLHP PDUNHWLQJX =QDNRPLFLH ฤ รฃF]\ฤ WHRULรท ] DWUDNF\MQ\PL

LQWHJUDFML Uร ล QRURGQRฤณFL t SRWU]HE\ LQG\ZLGXDOL]DFML WUHฤณFL L IRUP G]LDฤ Dฤก U\QNRZ\FK 3URIHVRU ZVSร ฤ WZRU]\ฤ SROVNรฃ V]NRฤ รท PDUNHWLQJX GOD NWร UHM FKDUDNWHU\VW\F]QH MHVW QLH W\ONR LQWHUG\VF\SOLQDUQH SRMPRZDQLH LVWRW\ L UROL ZVSร ฤ F]HVQHJR PDUNHWLQJX OHF] WDNล H VSRVร E P\ฤณOHQLD ฤ รฃF]รฃF\ WHRULรท ] SUDNW\Nรฃ t WX L WHUD] t Z 3ROVFH Z NUDMDFK VรฃVLHGQLFK Z W\P &]HFKDFK 6ฤ RZDFML L 8NUDLQLH ] MHGQRF]HVQ\P L SHฤ Q\P XZ]JOรทGQLHQLHP RELHNW\ZQ\FK SU]HREUDล Hฤก ZVSร ฤ F]HVQHJR U\QNX ฤณZLDWRZHJR

wspomnienie

โ ข

2SUDFRZDOL SURI GU KDE Jan W. Wiktor

Prof. UEK dr hab.

5QKPIรฐ 5IRWZ (1968-2018)

M

LFKDฤ 0DMRU XURG]Lฤ VLรท VLHUSQLD URNX Z :LHOLF]FH 'R /LFHXP 2Jร OQRNV]WDฤ FรฃFHJR XF]รทV]F]Dฤ Z :LHOLF]FH 6WXGLD PDJLVWHUVNLH QD NLHUXQNX &\EHUQHW\ND (NRQRPLF]QD L ,QIRUPDW\ND ร ZF]HVQHM $NDGHPLL (NRQRPLF]QHM Z .UDNRZLH UR]SRF]รฃฤ Z URNX : URNX RWU]\PDฤ G\SORP 3ULPXV ,QWHU 3DUHV 7\WXฤ PDJLVWUD X]\VNDฤ F]HUZFD URNX 7HPDWHP MHJR SUDF\ PDJLVWHUVNLHM E\ฤ D e$QDOL]D L SUHG\NFMD SURFHVร Z JLHฤ GRZ\FK ]D SRPRFรฃ NDUW NRQWUROQ\FKr

1LHPDO FDฤ D -HJR G]LDฤ DOQRฤณรฅ DNDGHPLFND ]ZLรฃ]DQD MHVW ] 8QLZHUV\WHWHP (NRQRPLF]Q\P Z .UDNRZLH 3UDFรท ]DZRGRZรฃ UR]SRF]รฃฤ SDล G]LHUQLND URNX QD VWDQRZLVNX DV\VWHQWD VWDล \VW\ Z 6DPRG]LHOQ\P =DNฤ DG]LH 7RZDUR]QDZVWZD 2Jร OQHJR L =DU]รฃG]DQLD -DNRฤณFLรฃ : ODWDFK

SUDFRZDฤ Z =DNฤ DG]LH 6WDW\VW\F]Q\FK 0HWRG .RQWUROL -DNRฤณFL Z .DWHGU]H 6WDW\VW\NL 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH QDMSLHUZ QD VWDQRZLVNX DV\VWHQWD D QDVWรทSQLH RG ZU]HฤณQLD URNX QD VWDQRZLVNX Z\Nฤ DGRZF\ 3R X]\VNDQLX Z URNX VWRSQLD GRNWRUD QDXN HNRQRPLF]Q\FK Z ]DNUHVLH HNRQRPLL ]RVWDฤ PLDQRZDQ\ QD VWDQRZLVNR DGLXQNWD : PDMX URNX X]\VNDฤ VWRSLHฤก GRNWRUD KDELOLWRZDQHJR : F]DVLH VZRMHM NDULHU\ ]DZRGRZHM ]ZLรฃ]DQ\ E\ฤ WDNล H ] .DWHGUรฃ (NRQRPLL QD :\G]LDOH 3UDZD 8QLZHUV\WHWX -DJLHOORฤกVNLHJR Z .UDNRZLH 6]NRฤ รฃ 3U]HGVLรทELRUF]RฤณFL L =DU]รฃG]DQLD $NDGHPLL (NRQRPLF]QHM Z .UDNRZLH >REHFQLH .UDNRZVND 6]NRฤ D %L]QHVX 8(. Z .UDNRZLH@ .UDNRZVNรฃ $NDGHPLรฃ LP $QGU]HMD )U\F]D 0RGU]HZVNLHJR Z .UDNRZLH

3URZDG]Lฤ Z\Nฤ DG\ Z 3URIHVMRQDOQHM 6]NROH %L]QHVX Z .UDNRZLH L :\ล V]HM 6]NROH %L]QHVX t 1DWLRQDO /RXLV 8QLYHUVLW\ Z 1RZ\P 6รฃF]X : URNX QD SRGVWDZLH UR]SUDZ\ SW r0LNURHNRQRPLF]QH L PDUNHWLQJRZH DVSHNW\ ]DU]รฃG]DQLD MDNRฤณFLรฃr X]\VNDฤ VWRSLHฤก GRNWRUD QDXN HNRQRPLF]Q\FK Z ]DNUHVLH HNRQRPLL XFKZDฤ D 5DG\ :\G]LDฤ X =DU]รฃG]DQLD $NDGHPLL (NRQRPLF]QHM Z .UDNRZLH ] GQLD F]HUZFD URNX : PDMX URNX QD SRGVWDZLH RFHQ\ GRURENX ]DZRGRZHJR L SU]HGฤ Rล RQHM UR]SUDZ\ KDELOLWDF\MQHM SW e:LHORNU\WHULDOQD RFHQD MDNRฤณFL W\SX SURGXNWXr QDGDQR 3DQX 0LFKDฤ RZL 0DMRURZL VWRSLHฤก QDXNRZ\ GRNWRUD KDELOLWRZDQHJR QDXN HNRQRPLF]Q\FK Z ]DNUHVLH HNRQRPLL 8FKZDฤ รฃ 5DG\ :\G]LDฤ X =DU]รฃG]DQLD 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH ] GQLD PDMD URNX 79


wspomnienie

=DLQWHUHVRZDQLD QDXNRZH 3DQD GU KDE 0LFKDฤ D 0DMRUD ZLรฃ]Dฤ \ VLรท ] ]DU]รฃG]DQLHP MDNRฤณFLรฃ L Uร ล Q\PL MHJR DVSHNWDPL GR NWร U\FK ]DOLF]\รฅ PRล QD VWDW\VW\F]Qรฃ NRQWUROรท MDNRฤณFL VWDW\VW\F]QH VWHURZDQLH SURFHVDPL RFHQรท MDNRฤณFL SURGXNWX Z VHQVLH WHFKQLF]Q\P L PDUNHWLQJRZ\P NRV]W\ MDNRฤณFL RUD] V\VWHP\ VWHURZDQLD MDNRฤณFLรฃ =DMPRZDฤ VLรท WHล ]DJDGQLHQLDPL ] G]LHG]LQ\ VWDW\VW\NL ZLHORZ\PLDURZHM L GHPRJUDILL HNRQRPHWULL VWDW\VW\NL VSRฤ HF]QHM RUD] WRZDUR]QDZVWZD =DLQWHUHVRZDQLD QDXNRZH ]DZV]H ฤ รฃF]\ฤ ] SUDFรฃ G\GDNW\F]Qรฃ D WDNล H ] G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFLรฃ EDGDZF]รฃ 2ZRFHP W\FK G]LDฤ Dฤก Vรฃ SXEOLNDFMH QDXNRZH WDNLH MDN VDPRG]LHOQD PRQRJUDILD DUW\NXฤ \ Z F]DVRSLVPDFK Z Mรท]\NX SROVNLP L DQJLHOVNLP RUD] UR]G]LDฤ \ Z PRQRJUDILDFK D WDNล H UHGDNFMH SXEOLNDFML QDXNRZ\FK UHGDNFMH VWDW\VW\F]QH XG]LDฤ Z SURMHNWDFK EDGDZF]\FK SXEOLNDFMH QDXNRZR G\GDNW\F]QH :\QLNL VZRLFK SUDF SUH]HQWRZDฤ QD NUDMRZ\FK L PLรทG]\QDURGRZ\FK NRQIHUHQFMDFK L VHPLQDULDFK QDXNRZ\FK %UDฤ XG]LDฤ Z NRQIHUHQFMDFK SU]HGVWDZLฤ UHIHUDWร Z QDXNRZ\FK 3UDFRZDฤ WDNล H SU]\ RUJDQL]DFML

80

NRQIHUHQFML L VHPLQDULร Z QDXNRZ\FK MXล RG F]DVร Z VWXGHQFNLFK : ODWDFK 3DQ GU KDE 0LFKDฤ 0DMRU EUDฤ XG]LDฤ Z SURMHNWDFK EDGDZF]\FK Z UDPDFK EDGDฤก VWDWXWRZ\FK .DWHGU\ 6WDW\VW\NL 3U]H] FDฤ รฃ VZRMรฃ NDULHUรท ]DZRGRZรฃ PRFQR E\ฤ ]DDQJDล RZDQ\ Z G]LDฤ DOQRฤณรฅ QD U]HF] UR]ZRMX XF]HOQL : ODWDFK MDNR SU]HGVWDZLFLHO DGLXQNWร Z Z\Nฤ DGRZFร Z L DV\VWHQWร Z E\ฤ F]ฤ RQNLHP 5DG\ :\G]LDฤ X =DU]รฃG]DQLD 8(. Z .UDNRZLH : ODWDFK E\ฤ UHGDNWRUHP VWDW\VW\F]Q\P =HV]\Wร Z 1DXNRZ\FK 8(. %\ฤ WDNล H F]ฤ RQNLHP 3ROVNLHJR 7RZDU]\VWZD 6WDW\VW\F]QHJR : URNX ]ฤ Rล \ฤ SURSR]\FMรท QRZHJR WHPDWX EDGDZF]HJR SW e-DNRฤณFLRZH L ILQDQVRZH DVSHNW\ VWDW\VW\F]QHJR PRQLWRURZDQLD SURFHVร Z HNRQRPLF]Q\FKr =DLQWHUHVRZDQLD QDXNRZH MDN L GRUREHN ฤ รฃF]\ฤ \ VLรท ] G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFLรฃ G\GDNW\F]Qรฃ 3URZDG]Lฤ Z\Nฤ DG\ L รฅZLF]HQLD QD VWXGLDFK SLHUZV]HJR L GUXJLHJR VWRSQLD ]H 6WDW\VW\NL 6WDW\VW\F]QHM .RQWUROL -DNRฤณFL L =DU]รฃG]DQLD -DNRฤณFLรฃ 'R MHJR G]LDฤ DOQRฤณFL G\GDNW\F]QHM QDOHล \ ]DOLF]\รฅ

XF]HVWQLFWZR Z SUDFDFK :\G]LDฤ RZHM .RPLVML 3URJUDPRZR '\GDNW\F]QHM GV NLHUXQNX 0DUNHWLQJ L NRPXQLNDFMD U\QNRZD = GQLHP SDล G]LHUQLND URNX ]RVWDฤ ]DWUXGQLRQ\ Z .DWHGU]H 6WDW\VW\NL 8(. QD VWDQRZLVNX SURIHVRUD QDG]Z\F]DMQHJR : GQLX JUXGQLD URNX PLDฤ REMรฃรฅ NLHURZQLFWZR =DNฤ DGX 6WDW\VW\F]Q\FK 0HWRG .RQWUROL -DNRฤณFL Z .DWHGU]H 6WDW\VW\NL 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH :LHONรฃ SDVMรฃ 3DQD 0LFKDฤ D 0DMRUD E\ฤ RJUร G NWร U\ ] ]DPLฤ RZDQLHP L SLHF]Rฤ RZLWRฤณFLรฃ SLHOรทJQRZDฤ /XELฤ SRGUร ล H L RGNU\ZDQLH FLHNDZ\FK PLHMVF SR]D XWDUW\PL V]ODNDPL WXU\VW\F]Q\PL 1DJฤ D ฤณPLHUรฅ OLVWRSDGD URNX SU]HUZDฤ D NDULHUรท ]DZRGRZรฃ 3DQD 3URIHVRUD : GQLX OLVWRSDGD URNX SRล HJQDOLฤณP\ 0LFKDฤ D QD FPHQWDU]X NRPXQDOQ\P Z :LHOLF]FH 3R]RVWDQLH 2Q Z QDV]\FK VHUFDFK L SDPLรทFL MDNR ZVSDQLDฤ \ 1DXF]\FLHO 3U]\MDFLHO &]ฤ RZLHN ] SRF]XFLHP KXPRUX %DUG]R QDP *R EUDNXMH Janusz Niezgoda ZUD] ] .LHURZQLNLHP L 3UDFRZQLNDPL .DWHGU\ 6WDW\VW\NL 8QLZHUV\WHWX (NRQRPLF]QHJR Z .UDNRZLH



Słuchaj RMF MAXXX

Zrób sobie przerwę na kolorowankę!

w swoim telefonie



LAT


Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.