INTRODUCTION

The Building-Scale Strategies section summarizes a process for future design teams to reference the requirements of existing optional resilience benchmarks. Topics addressed include elevating buildings and techniques for wet or dry floodproofing. Resilience benchmarks or standards summarized include:

• Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) version 3 pilot credits on resilience from the US Green Building Council; • Resilience Action List (RELi); • Fortified construction standards from the Insurance Institute for Business and Home Safety (IBHS); • Enterprise Housing; and • National Institutes of Building Sciences (NIBS)

The Building-Scale Strategies section compares established standards for freeboard, additional elevation above the base flood elevation (BFE). This is useful for designers and policy makers to establish a design flood elevation for occupied building floors. This section describes techniques for elevating buildings and provides built examples. This section also summarizes wet floodproofing techniques to allow water to pass through a building, and dry floodproofing techniques, with high level acknowledgement of useful life and cost where available. Appendix A describes flood related regulations currently in effect and outlines suggested amendments from a separate technical report by Gary Chock for the State of Hawaii. Appendix B provides more detailed maps of the Waipahu TOD study areas showing projected SLR, stormwater and sewer infrastructure.

Appendix C provides a detailed description of the six State of Hawaii owned land parcels.

The University of Hawaii Community Design Center (UH CDC) is a hybrid program of education and practice in which faculty and students provide proof-of-concept design explorations, typically for state agencies, the University of Hawaii, community organizations, and non-profits. From 2017–2019, several faculty from multiple disciplines researched the Waipahu TOD area for the State of Hawaii Office of Planning. The larger study includes the subjects of TOD interagency communication, community engagement, research, planning, design, and funding process, as well as a multi-scalar study. This flood mitigation design criteria report is part of the aforementioned larger study. This design research report was written by an assistant professor in the School of Architecture and Sea Grant College Program. In addition to producing a report, the UH CDC provides workforce development. Project staff research associate, Rebecca Ogi, gained new knowledge on the flood mitigation topic.