Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project (WRAP) Community Visioning Summary by University of Hawaiʻi Community Design Center

Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP]

Scope of Work Task 8.1: Visioning Activities for Waikīkī

During this project phase, UHCDC developed presentation boards and interactive visioning exercise materials for a series of two participatory planning and design events aimed at seeking additional public participation and community/stakeholder input, ideas, and feedback on the long-term resilient future of Waikīkī and its context.

The project team coordinated, conducted, and facilitated two in-person co-design charrettes on Friday, February 23, 2024 (2:00 pm - 3:30 pm) at Ala Wai Community Park (Boathouse) and on Monday, March 4, 2024 (1:00 - 2:30 pm) at the Ala Wai Golf Course Clubhouse.

This chapter includes:

Project Overview and Background Materials (printed on 24” x 30” presentation boards for the events) Charrette 1: Ridge to Reef Scale Considerations (Visioning Exercise Materials, Summary of Results) Charrette 2: Neighborhood Scale Adaptation (Visioning Exercise Materials, Summary of Results)

PROJECT OVERVIEW AND BACKGROUND

State of Hawaiʻi Office of Planning and Sustainable Development

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP]

Project Overview and Team

This state-funded project aims to lay the groundwork for an adaptation and resilience plan that addresses the long-term impacts of climate change and sea-level rise on Waikīkī and to serve as a pilot for similar sites around the state.

During the first project phase, the WRAP team is providing collaborative, community-participatory engagement and visioning activities to solicit subject matter expert, stakeholder, and community feedback on priorities and concerns.

Ongoing proof-of-concept research and design services include assessment of strategies for longterm resilience and adaptation, as well as the development of initial sketch visions and a conceptual implementation roadmap for action triggers.

Client: State of Hawai‘i Office of Planning and Sustainable Development (OPSD)

UHCDC Team:

Principal Investigator Judith Stilgenbauer, ASLA, Professor

Co-Investigator Cathi Ho Schar, FAIA, Associate Professor

Project Staff Emily Sobolewski Knight, ASLA, Research Associate Student Project Assistants Zoe Angelopulo, Kiana Dai, Alzira Fernandes Kenny Morrow, Sierra Spears

UH Sea Grant Team:

Co-Investigators

Dolan Eversole and Dr. Darren Lerner Project Staff Dr. Brad Romine, Melanie Lander

Timeframe (Phase 1): January 2023 - May 2024

WRAP Website: www.uhcdc.manoa.hawaii.edu/work/wrap

Additional WRAP Info: Questions? UHCDC.WRAP@gmail.com

Relationship between Adapt Waikīkī 2050 (City and County) and WRAP (State)

Project Scope and Timeline

Sea-Level Rise and Groundwater Inundation Risks

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP]

Think Tank Events

As part of the preliminary research and analysis phases of the project, UHCDC hosted a series of “Think Tank” panel discussions aimed at soliciting subject matter expert input and identifying additional project needs and considerations, which have informed subsequent WRAP scope of work items.

Community Stakeholder Events

During December 2023, UH Sea Grant hosted three community and stakeholder events with 95 total attendants.

Question Results

Initial Community Resilience Survey

A community resilience survey was created as part of the outreach and engagement efforts. This survey is designed to understand community concerns and collect feedback on climate change adaptation in Waikīkī.

Oblique Google Earth view of contemporary Waikīkī with 3D building overlay

Base Image: Google Earth

Oblique view of late 19th century Waikīkī hydrology

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP]

Projected Sea-Level Rise Impacts Around 2100

Oblique Google Earth view of Waikīkī and its context with approximate 6’ SLR

SLR Data

Source: NOAA

Oblique Google Earth view of Waikīkī and its context with approximate 4’ SLR

SLR Data

Source: NOAA

Visioning Event 1: Ridge to Reef Scale

Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project

DESIGN CHARRETTE #1

Friday, February 23, 2024, 2:00 - 3:30 PM Ala Wai Community Park (Boathouse) 2015 Kapiolani Boulevard, Honolulu, HI 96826

On Friday, February 23, 2024, UHCDC hosted the first of two community and stakeholder visioning events. This co-design charrette focused on the Special District in its wider watershed and neighborhood context. The interactive exercises posed questions related to ecology, hydrology, historical/cultural factors, as well as built environment/infrastructure vulnerabilities and nature-based solutions. The event was held at the Ala Wai Community Park Boathouse on the mauka side of the Ala Wai Canal.

46 Attendees

RIDGE

TO REEF SCALE | FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2024

Activity 1: Ridge to Reef Opportunities

Activity 2: Historic Waikīkī, Waikīkī Today, Future Waikīkī

Activity 3: Built Environment Climate Concerns

Activity 4: Nature-Based Solutions

RIDGE TO REEF SCALE | FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2024

Activity 1: Ridge to Reef Opportunities

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP] Ridge to Reef

Identify ecological, hydrological, and social or cultural opportunities.

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP] Ridge to Reef

Identify ecological, hydrological, and social or cultural opportunities.

Please place a colored dot on opportunity sites: Ecological Hydrological Social or Cultural

RIDGE TO REEF SCALE

| FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2024

The first activity prompted community members and stakeholders in attendance to highlight and describe opportunities at a ridge to reef and ahupuaʻa scale. The map component utilized color-coded dots to specify ecological, hydrological, and social/cultural opportunities. Participants then described the opportunities on sticky notes. TASK 8.1:

Ridge to Reef Opportunities: Dot Summary

Summary of visioning charrette feedback

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project (WRAP)

University of Hawaiʻi Community Design Center

Ridge to Reef: Written Comments

Summary of visioning charrette feedback

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project (WRAP)

Ridge to Reef: Written Comments (Constraints)

Summary of visioning charrette feedback

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project (WRAP)

University of Hawaiʻi Community

Ridge to Reef: Written Comments (Opportunities)

Summary of visioning charrette feedback

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project (WRAP)

Activity 2: Waikīkī Through Time

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP]

Native Hawaiians interacted with land and water differently than we do today. What historic landscape components could inspire the Waikīkī of the future? Please share your ideas below.

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation

Over the course of the 20th century the urban What do you think is special about Waikīkī Please share your ideas below.

The second interactive community exercise focused on Waikīkī and its context during three different times periods: Historic Waikīkī (1893, overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom), Waikīkī Today (2024), and Future Waikīkī (long term, 2100). For these three moments in the time scale, visioning charrette participants were asked to comment on different prompts (please see above). The post-it note answers

Historic Waikīkī (1893)

Environmental (Ecological & Hydrological)

Waikīkī Today (2024)

Environmental (Ecological & Hydrological)

Adaptation Project [WRAP]

urban fabric changed significantly.

today?

RIDGE TO REEF SCALE | FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2024

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP] Future

Waikīkī (~2100)

Current climate science suggests 4 to 6 feet of sea-level rise by the year 2100. What would you like to see included in a resilient Waikīkī of the future? Please share your ideas below.

were meant to be categorized and color coded by ideas related to the following themes: social & cultural factors, economic factors, and environmental (ecological and hydrological) factors. The activity intended to gather additional, broad community input on a vision for a long-term resilient, climateadapted Waikīkī within its context.

RIDGE TO REEF SCALE | FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2024

What historic landscape components could inspire the Waikīkī of the future?

Summary of visioning charrette feedback: Historic Waikīkī (1893)

One Water

Reconnecting stream/ water flow from mauka to makai

Living with water

Organize built environment around water - not forcing water to avoid development

Look at how cool the Ala Wai is. Banger

Traditional Ecological Knowledge

Fish pond Derussy

Localization

Ulu in every yard

Food production to supply native population (reduced import depen- dency). This ties in al three of these elements: social, economic & environmental

Circulate economy! Local population fed by local fish, produce, no waste

The loʻi kalo <--->

The loʻi kalo, later used for rice fields

Freshwater fish ponds

Loʻi kalo, wetlands

The loʻi kalo <--->

RIDGE TO REEF SCALE | FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2024

Education

understanding of environment, thru education, experience, etc

The idea of the ahupuaa where people and land were tied together from mountain to sea. So many people today don’t realize that what they do mauka affects the oceans

Respecting the environment, not overdeveloping

Students of Prof Lynette Cruz did a poster addressing this topic years ago luciano@hawaii.edu

No plastic

Nature Based Solutions

Conversion of marshland into Waikiki + Golf course

Use golf course & parks as flood retention basin and native wetlands

Greening of ala wai marina

Allowing wetlands to act as their natural purpose of infiltration & sediment catch

Grow native utility plants

Open spaces

What do you think is special about Waikīkī today?

Summary of visioning charrette feedback: Waikīkī Today (2024)

Recreation

The only place in the world where you can see surfing catamaran’s canoes from your balcony

Our beaches Our parks Honolulu Zoo

So many people on the beach and sidewalk from many places in the world.

Ala Wai more than a canal. It’s also a recreation space

Beach/Shoreline

The beach, and ocean, and reef. Surf

Walking along Ala Wai Canal. Viewing sunrise at end of canal. Entertainment areas within walking distance

Views of Lēʻahi, across from the Ewa side of Kapiʻolani Park of the Koʻolau Ridge across the Ala Wai Canal & golf course. The Convention Center is a building with a Hawaiian sense of place. The walkable size of Waikiki.

Over tourism

Famous beach, attracts tourism. There’s considerable interest in this area so it’s an opportunity to lead adaptation by example

Tourism

Continuednourishmentbeach

Engineered shoreline, high density

Urban - eco-tourism

Tourism supports the economy

Waikiki generates almost half of all tourism revenue in the state

The Ala Wai Kanal should be made cleaner and could have more green (trees) alongside. Waikiki should work on zero waste strategies - eco tourism to protect the most beautiful nature.

Erosion causing loss of beach and storefront

Tourism-based economy is too subject to market fluctuations and perpetuals income inequality with revenue leaving the state. Diversification needed

Waikiki is one window of Hawaii for our visitors. There needs to be more interaction with the host culture.

RIDGE

REEF SCALE

| FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2024

Infrastructure

Development & sprawl

Best if no bridge over the Ala Wai - if have to, a graceful low arch without cars (except for emergencies and maintenace)

Open Space

Waikiki has an indoor-outdoor environment for pedestrians

Protect Ala Wai park for park users including Micronesian Village

No bridge over the Ala Wai

Parks and public spaces

The perfect weather

“Special” implies “good”. Waikiki is overrun with minimum wage jobs working for companies based off island. We need local $ and staying here - not sending it off island.

Its economic vitality over decades - palpable when one walks along Kalakaua Ave with throngs of people

Walkability reduce car infrastructure

Interesting but not positive - the confinement of business (outside of Waikiki I suppose but close)

One Water

Highly engineered water ways, again there’s interest in Waikiki so an opportunity to lead by example

Turn the Ewa end of the 8 hole golf course into water hazards for phase 1 detention ponds, then phase 2 turn the 9 holes at the Ewa end into a larger detention pond

Lack of space for wetlands

Water diversion

The push to clean the Ala Wai

What

would you like to see included in a resilient Waikīkī of the future?

Summary of visioning charrette feedback: Future Waikīkī (2100)

Nature Based Solutions

Increase in green-blue spaces that work with nature rather than against

Incorporating natural beach protecting strategies

Increase infrastructuregreen in the designs

Native wetland restoration and growth

No more seawalls, protect our beaches

Removal of cement

Opportunity to restore wetland, more green spaces and less hardening, future development accounts for SLR

Return back to some of the mauka to makai ahupuaʻa land and sea management. Hybrid/ diversified economy of tourism and agriculture

Walkability

Less car dependent & more pedestrian friendly/public transit orientation -> elevation?

Floating

Car-free area, close down certain road, increase public transit and walkability and green space to gather

Easier to get into Waikiki, more pedestrian access points, safer bike lanes, and morebusesfrequent

More green-blue ecosystems

Native plants as way to revive historical aspect of Waikiki before Western contact

Rebuild our reefs and dune/natural beach systems

Culturally sensitive and restorative water and land management with resilient infrastructure

Use of Ahupuaʻa resource management practices

streets

car-free or car-lite

Living with water. Nature based solutions. Water transportation (like water taxis, ferries, etc)

Buildings

Elevated walkways, abandoning first floor of existing buildings. No new development and eventually retreat at the end of current buildings’ lifespan

Nice to see Kapiʻolani Park and Magic Island is still above SLR! (might add fill for selected limited parts of Waikiki?) Boats for getting around hop on - off. Revival of the Loʻi with plants adaptable for the new conditions. Would want raised walk ways along the new canals over the old streets more pedestrians, less cars more easy accessible public transportation to substitute the car traffic - Kaipulani should be bike pedestrian areasmaybe be a canal eventually

Canals to replace roads

Self-sufficient buildings

Green buildings with energy generationenough to support the building

RIDGE TO REEF SCALE

| FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2024

Community Resilience Tourism

Protection of historical buildings & sites

Co-benefits: hazard resilience, affordability, equity

Food security

Storm + sea level rise preparedness TASK 8.1: VISIONING

A way to bring in revenue from tourists that can help fun restoration/climate environmental intitiatives

more diverse economy not just tourism

Debris flowing from Manoa Stream and Palolo Stream into Ala Wai Canal

Make the Ala Wai clean and safe and usable for recreation

On-island recycling plants

50% of hotel rooms turned into affordable housing. (2 hotel rooms = enough water for easy convert to an apartment)

Only reusable water/ pool/ocean toys available for tourists to rent - Rather than something they use once and put in the trash.

Affordable housing

Ferry to other islands

Control on land grabs for long/short term rentals

Locals and visitors Malama Aina!

Infrastructure

community resilience hub, cooling center for increase in heat, events to preparednessincrease and awareness of hazards

The PLAN should not be for Waikiki only also for Moilili and Manoa

Redevelop in a way that better serves vulnerable communities

acceptance and planning water-based infrastructure

More ecotourism so that visitors have less of an impact on our resources

opportunities for recreation, including residents, not just tourists, development that caters to locals

Stop building high rises

Retreat from shoreline buildings and roads

Decent Infrastructure

Activity 3: Built Environment Climate Concerns

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP]

Built Environment Risk Mapping Transportation Building Stock

The third activity was designed to educate visioning charrette participants on the impacts of sea-level rise on Waikīkī’s urban fabric. Community members and stakeholders in attendance were asked to review three maps (see above) that each highlighted different elements of the urban built environment: Building Stock, Transportation & Circulation, and Utility Infrastructure. Below each map were lists of key programs impacted by sea-level rise.

During the event, WRAP team members encouraged participants to use interactive clear film overlays, affixed to the top of each map (see image on right), illustrating how 4 feet of passive sea-level rise are anticipated to affect the various layers and elements of the urban environment of Waikīkī.

After reviewing each of the maps, participants were given five dots labeled 1 to 5. They were then asked to place their five dots on a voting board, indicating what elements of the urban fabric they are most concerned about. The dots were ranked as 5 being the most concerned and 1 being least concerned.

Community members and stakeholders were also given the opportunity to write in and vote on any concerns that were not represented or listed in the maps.

/ Circulation

RIDGE TO REEF SCALE

| FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2024

Utility Infrastructure

• Pedestrian access

• Parks & open spaces

• Waterfront access & beaches

• Bridges & evacuation routes

• Drinking water supply

• Sewage system

• Septic tanks

• Pump stations

• Stormwater infrastructure

• Electrical conduits and facilities

• Communication systems and conduits

• Etc.

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP]

What elements of the urban fabric are you most concerned about being impacted by flooding, inundation, and erosion?

Vote for your top 5 below:

Built Environment Climate Concerns 5 = most concerned 1 = least concerned

Please share additional elements of concern via sticky notes:

TASK 8.1:

RIDGE TO REEF SCALE | FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2024

What elements of the urban fabric are you most concerned about being impacted by flooding, inundation, and erosion? Summary of visioning charrette feedback.

Bar Chart Voting Results

Summary of visioning charrette feedback in ranked order: TASK 8.1: VISIONING

RIDGE TO REEF SCALE

| FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2024

Residential/ Apartments

Stormwater Infrastructure

Drinking Water Supply

Roads

Waterfront Access & Beaches

Sewage System

Bridges & Evacuation Routes

Electrical System

Parks & Open Spaces

Public Facilities (e.g. post office, fire station, schools, etc.)

Public Transit (e.g. bus, rail)

Hotels/Hospitality

Pedestrian Access

Cultural Sites*

Commercial Space

Bike Paths

Historic Structures

Recreation Facilities

Parking

29 Participants

*Voting option added by workshop participant

Activity 4: Nature-Based Solutions

State of Hawaiʻi Office of Planning and Sustainable Development

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP]

Nature-Based Solutions for Climate Resilience and Biodiversity

Nature-based solutions are sustainable planning, design, environmental management, and engineering practices that weave natural features or processes into the built environment to promote adaptation and resilience. These solutions use natural features and processes to combat climate change and reduce flood risk.

Source: FEMA www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/risk-management/climate-resilience/nature-based-solutions)

Blue-Green Infrastructure

Landscape elements at a range of scales can function as nature-based infrastructure that harnesses natural processes, provides ecosystem services for communities and sites, protects neighborhoods from flooding, manages and filters stormwater, prevents erosion, combats the urban heat island effect, removes pollutants from soil, water, and air, sequesters carbon dioxide, links ecosystems, provides habitat, promotes biodiversity and resilience, contributes to public health, and replaces outdated grey infrastructure in cost-efficient and smart ways.

Stream Restoration

• Increased resilience

• Carbon sequestration

• Ecosystem services

• Native riparian habitat and biodiversity

Wetlands, Tidal Marshes, Coastal Buffers

• Provide ecosystem services

• Increase the distance between water and development

• Retain and absorb inundation

• Slow erosion

• Provide habitat

Reef Restoration and Living Breakwaters

• Increase biodiversity

• Protect coastline from wave impacts

• Create habitat for native species

• Contribute to layered living shorelines

Green Stormwater Infrastructure

• Manages and clean urban runoff

• Provides other ecosystem services

• Native riparian biodiversity and habitat

• Strengthens ecosystem connectivity

Green Roofs and Facades

• Reduce urban heat island effect

• Insulate buildings/ temperature regulation

• Public health benefits

• Provide habitat and promote biodiversity

• Potential for local food production

Urban Forests and Increased Tree Canopy

• Reduce urban heat island effect

• Sequester carbon dioxide

• Improve public health

• Create pedestrian-friendly environments

• Decrease urban runoff

Traditional Ecological Knowledge Productive Landscapes

Cultivation of food, fuel/energy, or fiber plants within the urban environment for human consumption and use, including community gardens, urban farms, etc.

Loʻi Kalo (Wetland Taro)

• Water filtration

• Promotes biodiversity

• Flood mitigation

• Soil and water temperature regulation

• Food cultivation

• Bio-cultural restoration

• Educational opportunities

• Promote public health

Loko Iʻa (Fishponds)

• Sediment capture

• Food production

• Bio-cultural restoration

• Educational opportunities

• Community engagement

• Potential to contribute to living shoreline systems

Urban Agroforestry

• Increases shade

• Reduces urban heat island effect

• Builds community connections

• Local food production

• Carbon sequestration

• Improves air quality

• Reduces urban runoff

• Provides restorative properties

Urban Agriculture and Farming

• Food cultivation

• Support pollinator species

• Build community connections

• Opportunity for biocultural restoration

• Potential for stormwater and greywater use

• Public health benefits

The location-specific evolving knowledge acquired by indigenous and local peoples over hundreds or thousands of years through direct contact with the environment. (Source: US Fish and Wildlife Services)

TASK 8.1: VISIONING

RIDGE

TO REEF

SCALE

| FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2024

11” x 17” map copies were provided to charrette participants for their individual annotations and sketches

The fourth and final activity at the February 23 Ridge to Reef Scale visioning charrette aimed to educate community members and stakeholders on the different ways in which nature-based solutions can be employed in urban ecological design to promote sustainability, climate adaptation, and resilience.

WRAP team members who staffed this activity station were available to explain concepts of BlueGreen Infrastructure, Traditional Ecological Knowledge, and Productive Landscapes (also see reduced-size version of informational event board on left).

For the interactive component of this exercise, workshop participants were provided with 11” x 17” printed maps and markers.

WRAP team members encouraged community members and stakeholders to annotate and draw locations where they think nature-based climate adaptation solutions should be used in and around a future Waikīkī.

The results were a combination of spatialized and written comments that drew on opportunities to connect open spaces and expand blue-green infrastructure.

RIDGE TO REEF SCALE | FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2024

Scans of community/ stakeholder sketches and comments

Scans of community/ stakeholder sketches and comments (contʻd)

Nature-Based Solutions:

Spatial summary of community/stakeholder sketches and suggestions

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project (WRAP)

Participant Suggestions)

Nature-Based Solutions: Blue and Green Infrastructure (Participant

Spatial summary of community/stakeholder sketches and suggestions

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project (WRAP)

(Participant Suggestions)

Nature-Based Solutions: Circulation, TEK, and Cultural (Partici

Spatial summary of community/stakeholder sketches and suggestions

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project (WRAP)

Summary of Ridge to Reef Charrette Results

Ridge to Reef Scale Opportunities

Top participant comment categories:

Hydrological Opportunities

Ecological Opportunities

Social / Cultural Opportunities

Other Opportunities

Waikīkī Through Time Opportunity Suggestions

Top participant comment categories:

RIDGE TO REEF SCALE

| FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2024

Built Environment Climate Concerns

Top participant concerns:

Residential/ Apartments

Stormwater Infrastructure

Roads

Water Supply

Waterfront Access & Beaches

Sewage System Drinking Water Supply

Nature-Based Solutions

Top written participant comment categories:

Blue Infrastructure (Fresh Water)

Green Infrastructure

Blue Infrastructure (Salt Water)

TEK / Bio-Cultural

Productive Landscapes

Other

Circulation

Visioning Event 2: Neighborhood Scale

DESIGN CHARRETTE #2

Monday, March 4, 2024, 1:00 - 2:30 PM Ala Wai Golf Course Clubhouse, 2nd floor 404 Kapahulu Avenue, Honolulu, HI 96815

On March 4, 2024, UHCDC hosted the second visioning event. This charrette focused on seeking participant input at the neighborhood scale with the goal of informing subsequent preliminary sketch visions.

The exercises posed questions related to sea-level rise adaptation strategies, building stock vulnerabilities, and long-term ideas for resilience. The charrette also included speculative student work from UHM’s Spring ‘24 ARCH 743 urban design studio course.

30 Attendees

TASK 8.1: VISIONING

NEIGHBORHOOD SCALE | MONDAY, MARCH 4, 2024

Activity 1: Sea-Level Rise Adaptations Strategies

Activity 2: Climate Concerns (Building Stock)

Activity 3a: ARCH 743 Speculative Visioning

Activity 3b: Waikīkī of the Future

TASK 8.1:

NEIGHBORHOOD SCALE | MONDAY, MARCH 4, 2024

Activity 1: Sea-Level Rise Adaptation Strategies

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP]

Sea-Level Rise Adaptation Strategies

Where should these long-term adaptation strategies be employed? Please place a corresponding flag.

The first activity focused on long-term sea-level rise adaptation strategies for Waikīkī. The goal of this interactive exercise was twofold: to educate community members and stakeholders in attendance about applicable adaptation strategies and to gather additional information about the community’s adaptation preferences and proposed spatial locations.

Visioning charrette participants were asked to rank the following sea-level rise adaptation and accommodation strategies: hardened shoreline protection, nature-based adaptation, elevated development, floodable development, floating development, and managed retreat (relocation).

WRAP team members provided participants with dots numbered 1 (least applicable) through 5 (most applicable). The dot voting component of the exercise asked participants to indicate which adaptation strategies they consider most applicable for Waikīkī in the long term (50 - 100 year time horizon).

The second exercise component prompted workshop participants to place color-coded flags on a map of Waikīkī with 4 feet of passive sea-level rise to identify and spatialize adaptation strategy locations. There was no limit to the number of flags participants were able to place.

TASK 8.1:

NEIGHBORHOOD SCALE | MONDAY, MARCH 4, 2024

Summary of visioning charrette feedback

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project (WRAP)

Activity 1: Sea-Level Rise Adaptation Strategies

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP]

Sea-Level Rise Adaptation Strategies

In the long term (50 - 100 yrs), as existing structures reach the end of their lifespan, which adaptation strategies do you consider most applicable?

TASK 8.1:

NEIGHBORHOOD SCALE | MONDAY, MARCH 4, 2024

Activity 2: Climate Concerns (Building Stock)

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP]

Built Environment Risk Mapping (Building Stock)

Zoning and Building Special District Building Age (2023)

The second participatory activity intended to educate visioning charrette participants on the impacts of sea-level rise on Waikīkī’s building stock.

Community members and stakeholders in attendance were asked to review three maps (see above) that each highlighted different building-related aspects of the urban fabric: Special District Building Age (2023), Zoning and Building Use, Large Landowners and Population.

During the event, WRAP team members encouraged workshop participants to use interactive clear film overlays, affixed to the top of each map (see image on right), illustrating how 4 feet of passive sea-level rise affect various building-related factors.

After reviewing each of the maps, participants were given five dots labeled 1 to 5 (blue for residents, red for businesses or land owners, and green for other stakeholders). Participants were then asked to place their five dots on a voting board, indicating what building-related factors matter the most. The dots were ranked as 5 being the most important and 1 being least important.

Community members and stakeholders were also given the opportunity to write in and vote on any factors that were not represented in the maps or listed on the dot voting board.

Building footprints from GIS data, building age sourced from City and County of Honolulu’s real property tax assessment (2023).

Zoning information from City and County of Honolulu (2023).

NEIGHBORHOOD

SCALE | MONDAY, MARCH 4, 2024

Large Landowners and Population Building Use

Population of Waikīkī (2020): 20,470

Activity 2: Climate Concerns (Building Stock)

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP]

Built Environment Climate Concerns (Building Stock)

What building-related factors matter most when it comes to long-term SLR accommodations (retrofitting or rebuilding in place) versus relocation (managed retreat)?

Please vote for your top 5 below: 5 = most important 1 = least important

Use a blue sticker if you are a resident, red if you represent a business/land owner, and green if you are a stakeholder.

Please share additional building-related factors via sticky notes:

TASK 8.1:

NEIGHBORHOOD SCALE | MONDAY, MARCH 4, 2024

Please vote for your top 5 below:

5 = most important 1 = least important

Use a blue sticker if you are a resident, red if you represent a business/land owner, and green if you are a stakeholder.

Bar Chart Voting Results

Summary of visioning charrette feedback in ranked order: TASK 8.1:

NEIGHBORHOOD SCALE

| MONDAY, MARCH 4, 2024

blue = resident, red = business/land owner, and green = stakeholder

Environmental impact

Location (relative to flood elevation)

Health and safety

Adaptation cost

Residential density

Historic structure or landmark Use (e.g., public, residential, commercial)

Building age Insurance cost

Building material or construction type

Water and energy efficiency

Building revenue

Property value

Building height

Activity 3a: Speculative Visioning

Waikīkī Resilience & SLR Adaptation Project [WRAP]

Isometric cross section through Waikīkī Special Design District in the area surrounding Fort DeRussy

TASK 8.1:

NEIGHBORHOOD SCALE | MONDAY, MARCH 4, 2024

ARCH 743: Speculative Visioning

Jade Rhodes, MLA Student

NEIGHBORHOOD

SCALE | MONDAY, MARCH 4, 2024

ARCH 743: Speculative Visioning

Xavier Duarte, MLA Student

NEIGHBORHOOD

SCALE | MONDAY, MARCH 4, 2024

ARCH 743: Speculative Visioning

Cindy Petersen, MLA Student

NEIGHBORHOOD

SCALE | MONDAY, MARCH 4, 2024

ARCH 743: Speculative Visioning

Brooke Redmond, MLA Student

Note:

This preliminary, conceptual sketch is speculative curricular UH Mānoa ARCH 743 design studio student work (not a WRAP team drawing).

Liupanshui Minghu Wetland Park, Turenscape Studios

EMU- Reef Design Lab

NEIGHBORHOOD

SCALE | MONDAY, MARCH 4, 2024

ARCH 743: Speculative Visioning

Zoë Angelopulo, MLA Student

NEIGHBORHOOD

SCALE | MONDAY, MARCH 4, 2024

Activity 3b: Waikīkī of the Future

Charrette participants were provided with markers and 11” x 17” color copies of this isometric graphic for their individual annotations and sketches of resilience and adaptation design ideas.