UNRIC Library Backgrounder: South Sudan

South Sudan UN Entities • •

United Nations in South Sudan: https://southsudan.un.org/, https://unsdg.un.org/un-in-action/south-sudan United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS): https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/unmiss, http://unmiss.unmissions.org/ o o o o o

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Human Rights Reports: https://unmiss.unmissions.org/human-rights-reports Armed Violence Involving Community-Based Militias in Greater Jonglei (January – August 2020) (15 March 2021): https://bit.ly/3llJmdu Access to Health for Survivors of Conflict-Related Sexual Violence in South Sudan (May 2020): https://bit.ly/3tpMuYK Conflict-related violations and abuses in Central Equatoria between September 2018 and April 2019 (3 July 2019): https://bit.ly/3cEFwrU Conflict-related sexual violence in Northern Unity, September - December 2018 (UNMISS/OHCHR, 15 February 2019): Report - https://bit.ly/38KcxBX, Infographic material - https://bit.ly/3vvL6p9 Violations and Abuses against Civilians in Gbudue and Tambura States (Western Equatoria), April-August 2018 (OHCHR / UNMISS, 18 October 2018): https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Countries/SS/ReportWesternEquatoria17Oct2018.pdf Indiscriminate Attacks against Civilians in Southern Unity, April-May 2018: https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Countries/SS/UNMISSReportApril_May2018.pdf Report on the Right to Freedom of Opinion and Expression in South Sudan since the July 2016 Crisis (OHCHR / UNMISS): https://bit.ly/2FkhoK0 Human Rights Violations and Abuses in Yei, July 2016 - January 2017 (OHCHR / UNMISS): https://bit.ly/2yVD5ww A Report on Violations and Abuses of International Human Rights Law and Violations of International Humanitarian Law in the Context of the Fighting in Juba, South Sudan, in July 2016 (OHCHR / UNMISS): https://bit.ly/2mc6yMu

United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA): https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/unisfa, http://unisfa.unmissions.org Security Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 2206 (2015) concerning South Sudan: https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/sanctions/2206

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Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) – South Sudan: http://www.fao.org/countryprofiles/index/en/?iso3=SSD

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International Organization for Migration (IOM) – South Sudan: http://southsudan.iom.int/ UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF) – South Sudan, Republic of: http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/southsudan.html

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UNICEF Fact Sheet - Children in South Sudan: http://www.unicef.org/esaro/Children_in_South_Sudan_fact_sheets.pdf

UN Development Programme in South Sudan: http://ss.undp.org/ o o

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Crisis in South Sudan: http://www.fao.org/emergencies/crisis/south-sudan/en/

Beyond conflict: Building a strong future for South Sudan (December 2016): https://bit.ly/2l7qX48 Breaking the Vicious Cycle of Conflict in South Sudan: A Call to Action (UNDP, South Sudan Country Office, August 2016): https://bit.ly/2ct5h03

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) – South Sudan: http://www.unhcr.org/south-sudan

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South Sudan Emergency: http://www.unhcr.org/south-sudan-emergency.html Refugees in South Sudan - Information Sharing Portal: http://data.unhcr.org/SouthSudan/country.php?id=251 As South Sudan turns nine, its people remain committed to peace (9 July 2020): https://www.unhcr.org/news/stories/2020/7/5f06078d4/ UNHCR warns of looming humanitarian crisis in South Sudan, amidst ongoing fighting and coronavirus threat (30 April 2020): https://www.unhcr.org/news/press/2020/4/5eaa991c4/ Q&A: Growing pains vex South Sudan, five years after independence (8 July 2016): https://bit.ly/2mbq0J1

Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights – South Sudan: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Countries/AfricaRegion/Pages/SSIndex.aspx Human Rights Council - Commission on Human Rights in South Sudan: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/CoHSouthSudan/Pages/Index.aspx Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict (SRSG-SVC) - South Sudan http://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/countries/south-sudan/ UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) – South Sudan: http://www.unocha.org/south-sudan/ o

ReliefWeb - South Sudan (Republic of): http://reliefweb.int/country/ssd

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World Bank – South Sudan: http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/southsudan World Food Programme (WFP) – South Sudan: http://www.wfp.org/countries/south-sudan

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World Health Organization (WHO) – South Sudan: http://www.who.int/countries/ssd/en/

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South Sudan Emergency: https://www.wfp.org/emergencies/south-sudan-emergency

Selected UN Documents •

S/2021/172 (23 February 2021): Situation in South Sudan: report of the SecretaryGeneral: http://undocs.org/S/2021/172

Submitted pursuant to Security Council resolution 2514 (2020); covers political and security developments, the humanitarian and human rights situation and progress towards the implementation of the Mission's mandate since the previous report dated 9 Dec. 2020 (S/2020/1180).

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➢ Previous reports: https://bit.ly/3hOduva S/2021/166 (22 February 2021): Letter dated 18 February 2021 from the Permanent Representatives of Ireland, Mexico and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2021/166 Transmits summary note of the meeting of the Security Council Informal Expert Group on Women, Peace and Security on the situation in South Sudan, held on 2 Feb. 2021.

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A/HRC/46/53 (4 February 2021): Report of the Commission on Human Rights in South Sudan: http://undocs.org/A/HRC/46/53 Submitted pursuant to Human Rights Council resolution 43/27. Focuses on establishing the facts and circumstances of incidents occurring between the signing of the Revitalized Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan in Sept. 2018, and Dec. 2020. "Annex: Map of South Sudan".

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➢ Previous reports: https://bit.ly/3rWGpm7 S/2020/1225 (31 December 2020): Letter dated 15 December 2020 from the Chair of the Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 2206 (2015) concerning South Sudan addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2020/1225 Transmits report of the Committee's activities for 2020.

S/2020/1205 (14 December 2020): Children and armed conflict in South Sudan : report of the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2020/1205 Submitted pursuant to Security Council resolution 1612 (2005) and subsequent resolutions; describes trends and patterns of grave violations committed against children since the previous report (S/2018/865); covers the period between 1 July 2018-30 June 2020.

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S/RES/2550 (2020): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2550(2020)

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S/2020/1067 (31 October 2020): Implementation of paragraph 5 of resolution 2521 (2020): report of the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2020/1067

on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 May 2021

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S/2020/1019 (15 October 2020): The situation in Abyei: report of the SecretaryGeneral: http://undocs.org/S/2020/1019

Submitted pursuant to para. 33 of Security Council resolution 2497 (2019); covers the period since the previous report (S/2020/308), from 16 Apr.-15 Oct. 2020. Includes UN map no.4467 rev. 49: UNISFA October 2020 (Oct. 2020).

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➢ Previous report: https://bit.ly/2X5PY4X A/HRC/RES/43/27: Situation of human rights in South Sudan : resolution adopted by the Human Rights Council on 22 June 2020: http://undocs.org/A/HRC/RES/43/27 E/2020/65 (11 June 2020): Implementation of integrated, coherent and coordinated support to South Sudan and the Sahel region by the United Nations system: report of the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/E/2020/65 Prepared pursuant to Economic and Social Council decision 2019/251 and resolution 2020/2; 8th report submitted to the Council since South Sudan’s independence in 2011.

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➢ Previous reports: https://bit.ly/3feyucx S/RES/2521 (2020): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2521(2020) on renewal of sanctions imposed by Security Council resolution 2428 (2018) and extension of the mandate of the Panel of Experts on South Sudan until 1 July 2021 S/RES/2519 (2020): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2519(2020) on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 Nov. 2020

S/2020/342 (28 April 2020): Letter dated 28 April 2020 from the Panel of Experts on South Sudan addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2020/342 Final report of the Panel of Experts on South Sudan submitted pursuant to resolution 2471 (2019)

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➢ Previous reports: https://bit.ly/33c0Dip S/RES/2514 (2020): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2514(2020)

on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 15 Mar. 2021

S/2020/112 (10 February 2020): Letter dated 7 February 2020 from the SecretaryGeneral addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2020/112 Transmits progress report on the implementation of Security Council resolution 2497 (2019).

S/2019/967 (19 December 2020): Letter dated 17 December 2019 from the Chair of the Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 2206 (2015) concerning South Sudan addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2019/967 Transmits report of the Committee's activities for 2019.

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S/RES/2497 (2019): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2497(2019)

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S/RES/2492 (2019): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2492(2019)

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on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 May 2020 on extension of the mandate modification of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 Nov. 2019

S/2019/741 (12 September 2019): Future planning for the protection of civilians sites in South Sudan: report of the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2019/741 Submitted pursuant to Security Council resolution 2459 (2019). Includes UN map no. 4456 Rev.41: UNMISS September 2019 (Sept. 2019).

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S/RES/2471 (2019): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2471(2019)

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S/RES/2465 (2019): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2465(2019)

on renewal of sanctions imposed by Security Council resolutions 2206 (2015) and 2428 (2018) and extension of the mandate of the Panel of Experts on South Sudan until 30 June 2020 on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 Oct. 2019

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S/RES/2459 (2019): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2459(2019)

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A/HRC/RES/40/19: Situation of human rights in South Sudan : resolution / adopted by the Human Rights Council on 22 March 2019: http://undocs.org/A/HRC/RES/40/19 S/2019/232 (13 March 2019): Letter dated 11 March 2019 from the Permanent Representatives of Germany, Peru and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2019/232

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on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 15 Mar. 2020

Transmits summary of the meeting of the Security Council Informal Expert Group on Women, Peace and Security on South Sudan, held on 28 Feb. 2019.

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S/2019/191 (28 February 2019): Report of the Secretary-General on South Sudan (covering the period from 1 December [2018] to 26 February 2019): http://undocs.org/S/2019/191 Includes UN map no. 4456 Rev.37: UNMISS March 2019 (Mar. 2019). Submitted pursuant to Security Council resolution 2406 (2018).

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➢ Previous report: https://bit.ly/39EYDA5 S/2019/110 (7 February 2019): Letter dated 4 February 2019 from the SecretaryGeneral addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2019/110

Transmits letter dated 18 Jan. 2019 from the Commissioner for Peace and Security of the African Union Commission forwarding a communiqué on the situation in South Sudan, adopted by the Peace and Security Council of the African Union at its 820th meeting, held in Addis Ababa, 20 and 24 Dec. 2018.

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S/2018/1123 (31 December 2018): Letter dated 27 December 2018 from the Chair of the Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 2206 (2015) concerning South Sudan addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2018/1123 Transmits report of the Committee's activities for 2018.

S/AC.51/2018/3 (18 December 2018): Conclusions on children and armed conflict in South Sudan: Working Group on Children and Armed Conflict: http://undocs.org/S/AC.51/2018/3 "Annex: Statement by the Permanent Representative of South Sudan to the United Nations to the Working Group on Children and Armed Conflict": p. 10.

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S/RES/2445 (2018): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2445(2018)

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S/2018/865 (25 September 2018): Children and armed conflict in South Sudan: report of the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2018/865

on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 May 2019

Submitted pursuant to Security Council resolution 1612 (2005) and subsequent resolutions; describes trends and patterns of grave violations committed against children since the previous report (S/2014/884); covers the period between 1 Oct. 2014-30 June 2018.

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S/RES/2428 (2018): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2428(2018)

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S/2018/641 (27 June 2018): Letter dated 27 June 2018 from the Permanent Representative of the Sudan to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2018/641

The Security Council decided to extend its sanctions regime in South Sudan and impose a travel ban and assets freeze on two high-ranking individuals.

Transmits the Khartoum Declaration of Agreement between Parties of the Conflict of South Sudan, signed on 27 June 2018.

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S/RES/2418 (2018): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2418(2018) on renewal of sanctions imposed by Security Council resolution 2206 (2015) and extension of the mandate of the Panel of Experts on South Sudan until 14 Aug. 2018

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S/RES/2416 (2018): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2416(2018)

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S/RES/2412 (2018): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2412(2018)

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S/RES/2411 (2018): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2411(2018)

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on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 Nov. 2018 on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 Oct. 2018 on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 23 Apr. 2018

S/2018/264 (27 March 2018): Letter dated 22 March 2018 from the Permanent Representative of the Sudan to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2018/264

Transmits decisions of the extraordinary meeting of the Joint Political and Security Mechanism between Sudan and South Sudan, held in Addis Ababa, 5 Mar. 2018.

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S/RES/2406 (2018): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2406(2018)

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S/2018/143 (20 February 2018): Special report of the Secretary-General on the renewal of the mandate of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan: http://undocs.org/S/2018/143 S/2017/1093 (29 December 2017): Letter dated 5 December 2017 from the Chair of the Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 2206 (2015) concerning South Sudan addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2017/1093

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on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 15 Mar. 2019

Transmits report of the Committee's activities for 2017.

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S/RES/2392 (2017): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2392(2017)

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S/RES/2386 (2017): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2386(2017)

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S/2017/804 (26 September 2017): Identical notes verbales dated 23 September 2017 from the Permanent Mission of the Sudan to the Secretary-General and the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2017/804

on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 15 Mar. 2018 on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 May 2018

Transmits letter co-signed by the Ministers for Foreign Affairs of the Sudan and South Sudan concerning the situation in Abyei.

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S/RES/2353 (2017): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2353(2017)

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S/RES/2352 (2017): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2352(2017)

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S/2017/328 (17 April 2017): Letter dated 17 April 2017 from the Secretary-General addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2017/328

on renewal of measures on travel and finance against South Sudan until 31 May 2018 and extension of the mandate of the Panel of Experts until 30 June 2018 on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 Nov. 2017

Summarizes the achievements of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) and of the Secretariat in implementing the recommendations of the Independent Special Investigation to review the actions of UNMISS in response to violence in Juba, 8-11 July 2016.

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S/2016/1124 (30 December 2016): Letter dated 29 December 2016 from the Chair of the Security Council Committee Established pursuant to Resolution 2206 (2015) concerning South Sudan addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2016/124 Transmits report of the Committee's activities for 2016.

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S/2016/1085 (23 December 2016): Draft resolution / United States of America: http://undocs.org/S/2016/1085 The draft resolution was not adopted having failed to obtain the required number of votes (S/PV.7850).

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S/RES/2327 (2016): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2327(2016)

on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 15 Dec. 2017

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S/RES/2326 (2016): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2326(2016)

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S/2016/933 (7 December 2016): Note verbale dated 4 November 2016 from the Permanent Mission of South Sudan to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2016/933

on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 16 Dec. 2016

Transmits official report of the Investigation Committee on the Terrain Hotel incident of 11 July 2016.

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S/2016/1007 (30 November 2016): Note verbale dated 30 November 2016 from the Permanent Mission of South Sudan to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2016/1007

Transmits final position on the implementation of the joint Transitional Government of National Unity-Security Council communiqué of 4 Sep. 2016 concerning the deployment of the regional protection force.

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S/2016/971 (16 November 2016): Note verbale dated 16 November 2016 from the Permanent Mission of South Sudan to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2016/971 Transmits agreement on the implementation of the joint Transitional Government of National Unity-Security Council communiqué of 4 Sep. 2016 concerning the deployment of the regional protection force.

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S/RES/2318 (2016): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2318(2016) on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 May 2017

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S/2016/951 (10 November 2016): Special report of the Secretary-General on the review of the mandate of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan: http://undocs.org/S/2016/951 Submitted pursuant to Security Council resolution 2304 (2016).

S/2016/924 (1 November 2016): Letter dated 1 November 2016 from the SecretaryGeneral addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2016/924 Transmits summary of the Independent Special Investigation to review the actions of the United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan in response to violence in Juba, 8-25 July 2016.

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S/2016/884 (24 October 2016): Note verbale dated 20 October 2016 from the Permanent Mission of South Sudan to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2016/884

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Transmits documents from the Government related to the implementation of the joint Security CouncilTransitional Government of National Unity communiqué of 4 Sept. 2016 (S/2016/776) and Security Council resolution 2304 (2016).

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S/2016/868 (19 October 2016): Letter dated 14 October 2016 from the Permanent Representative of Egypt to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2016/868 Transmits communiqué on the situation in South Sudan, adopted by the Peace and Security Council of the African Union at its 626th meeting, held on 19 Sept. 2016.

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S/2016/793 (19 September 2016): Letter dated 19 September 2016 from the Panel of Experts on South Sudan Established pursuant to Security Council resolution 2206 (2015) addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2016/793 Annexes (p. 16-20): 1. Violence in Juba in July 2016 -- 2. Map of Juba -- 3. Command and control within the parties to the transitional government -- 4. L-39 at Malakal Airport, 31 August 2016 -- 5. Confidential annex.

"Owing to its confidential nature, annex V was circulated separately and is not included in the present document." Transmits the 120-day report of the Panel of Experts on South Sudan, in accordance with paragraph 12 (e) of Security Council resolution 2290 (2016).

S/2016/776 (13 September 2016): Letter dated 7 September 2016 from the Permanent Representatives of Senegal and the United States of America to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2016/776 Transmits joint communiqué by the transitional government of National Unity of South Sudan and the members of the Security Council on the implementation the Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict.

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S/2016/699 (12 August 2016): Letter dated 11 August 2016 from the Permanent Representative of Egypt to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2016/699 Transmits communiqué on the situation in South Sudan adopted by the Peace and Security Council of the African Union at its 616th meeting, held on 11 Aug. 2016.

S/RES/2304 (2016): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2304(2016)

on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 15 Dec. 2016

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S/RES/2302 (2016): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2302(2016)

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S/RES/2290 (2016): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2290(2016)

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S/RES/2287 (2016): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2290(2016)

on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 12 Aug. 2016 on renewal of sanctions imposed by Security Council resolution 2206 (2015) and the extension of the mandate of the Panel of Experts on South Sudan until 1 July 2017 on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 Nov. 2016

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A/HRC/31/49 (22 April 2016): Assessment Mission by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to Improve Human Rights, Accountability, Reconciliation and Capacity in South Sudan: report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights: http://undocs.org/A/HRC/31/49 S/RES/2280 (2016): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2280(2016) on extension of the mandate of the Panel of Experts on South Sudan Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 2206 (2015) until 1 July 2016.

S/2016/328 (7 April 2016): Report of the Secretary-General on technical assistance provided to the African Union Commission and the Transitional Government of National Unity for the implementation of chapter V of the Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan: http://undocs.org/S/2016/328 Submitted pursuant to Security Council resolution 2241 (2015).

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A/HRC/31/CRP.6 (10 March 2016): Assessment Mission by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to Improve Human Rights, Accountability, Reconciliation and Capacity in South Sudan : detailed findings: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/RegularSessions/Session31/Documents/AHRC-31-CRP-6_en.doc Annexes (p. 91-102): 1. Terms of reference -- 2. Chronology of "accountability" commitments made by the parties -- 3. Maps of South Sudan. To be read in conjunction with the report of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights on the Assessment Mission (AHRC/31/49).

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S/RES/2271 (2016): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2271(2016)

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S/RES/2252 (2015): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2252(2015)

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S/RES/2251 (2015): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2251(2015)

on renewal of sanctions until 15 Apr. 2016 and extension of the mandate of the UN Panel of Experts Established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 2206 (2015) on South Sudan until 15 May 2016 on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS) until 31 July 2016 on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 May 2016

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S/2015/899 (23 November 2015): Special report of the Secretary-General on the review of the mandate of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan: http://undocs.org/S/2015/899 S/RES/2241 (2015): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2241(2015) on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 15 Dec. 2015

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S/2015/654 (19 August 2015): Letter dated 19 August 2015 from the Chargé d'affaires a.i. of the United States Mission to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2015/654 Transmits the text of the Agreement on the resolution of the conflict in the Republic of South Sudan, signed on 17 Aug. 2015 by the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army in Opposition (SPLM/SPLA-IO) and the Former Detainees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

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S/RES/2230 (2015): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2230(2015)

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S/RES/2223 (2015): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2223(2015)

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on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 Dec. 2015 on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 30 Nov. 2015

S/AC.51/2015/1 (12 May 2015): Working Group on Children and Armed Conflict: Conclusions on Children and Armed Conflict in South Sudan: http://undocs.org/S/AC.51/2015/1 S/2015/287 (27 April 2015): Letter dated 27 April 2015 from the Secretary-General addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2015/287 Refers to Security Council resolution 2206 (2015) to create a Panel of Experts on South Sudan and informs the Secretary-General's appointment of experts to the Panel for an initial period of 13 months.

A/HRC/28/49 (9 March 2015): Report on the human rights situation in South Sudan: Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights: http://undocs.org/A/HRC/28/49 S/RES/2206 (2015): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2206(2015) on the situation in South Sudan

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S/RES/2204 (2015): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2204(2015) on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 July 2015

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S/2014/884 (11 December 2014): Report of the Secretary-General on children and armed conflict in South Sudan: http://undocs.org/S/2014/884 S/RES/2187 (2014): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2187(2014)

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S/RES/2155 (2014): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2155(2014)

on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 30 May 2015 on extension of the mandate of the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) until 15 Oct. 2014

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S/RES/2132 (2013): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2132(2013)

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S/AC.51/2012/2 (11 October 2012): Conclusions on the situation of children and armed conflict in South Sudan: http://undocs.org/S/AC.51/2012/2 S/RES/2057 (2012): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2057(2012)

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on calling for an immediate cessation of hostilities and overall increasing force levels of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS)

on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) through 15 July 2013

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S/RES/2046 (2012): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2046(2012) on the situation in Sudan and South Sudan

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S/RES/1996 (2011): http://undocs.org/S/RES/1996(2011) on the establishment of the United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS) as of 9 July 2011

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Comprehensive Peace Agreement between the Government of the Republic of the Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Sudan People's Liberation Army (2005): http://unmis.unmissions.org/Default.aspx?tabid=515; http://undocs.org/S/2005/78

Selected Statements and Speeches by UN Officials • •

Statement by Yasmin Sooka Chair of the UN Commission on Human Rights in South Sudan to the Human Rights Council, 11 March 2021: https://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26881 Statement by Yasmin Sooka, Chair of the UN Commission on Human Rights in South Sudan, 19 February 2021: https://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26762

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Statement by Alice Wairimu Nderitu, Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide, welcoming moves by the Government of South Sudan to establish transitional justice institutions, 2 February 2021: https://www.un.org/en/genocideprevention/documents/2021-0202_SAPG%20statement%20on%20South%20Sudan.pdf Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, Mark Lowcock - Briefing to the Security Council on the humanitarian situation in South Sudan, 15 December 2020: https://reliefweb.int/node/3697370 Enhanced Interactive Dialogue on South Sudan, Statement by Nada Al-Nashif UN Deputy High Commissioner for Human Rights, 23 September 2020: https://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26284 Statement by Yasmin Sooka Chair of the UN Commission on Human Rights in South Sudan to the Human Rights Council, 23 September 2020: https://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=26281 South Sudan: Bachelet calls for accountability as hundreds reported killed in intercommunal violence (22 May 2020): https://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=25902 Pandemic will likely have negative effect on peace processes in Sudan and South Sudan, says Special Envoy Parfait Onanga-Anyanga - Briefing to the Security Council on Resolution 2046 (28 April 2020): https://dppa.un.org/en/pandemic-will-likely-have-negative-effect-peace-processessudan-and-south-sudan-says-special-envoy South Sudan: To achieve lasting peace, localized violence must end, says Bachelet (20 March 2020): https://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=25731 Welcoming announcement of South Sudan Cabinet, Secretary-General urges leaders to address intercommunal violence, focus on delivering essential services (SG/SM/20007, 13 March 2020): https://www.un.org/press/en/2020/sgsm20007.doc.htm Secretary-General welcomes establishment of Transitional Government in South Sudan (SG/SM/19984, 22 February 2020): https://www.un.org/press/en/2020/sgsm19984.doc.htm Welcoming extension of pre-transitional period in South Sudan, Secretary-General urges parties to make further progress on security, state boundaries (SG/SM/19853, 11 November 2019): https://www.un.org/press/en/2019/sgsm19853.doc.htm Joint statement on the situation in Bentiu, South Sudan, by Mark Lowcock, Under-SecretaryGeneral for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, Henrietta Fore, UNICEF Executive Director, and Natalia Kanem, United Nations Population Fund Executive Director, 3 December 2018: https://reliefweb.int/node/2900163 Secretary-General strongly condemns recent ‘brutal sexual attacks’ perpetrated against women, girls in South Sudan (SG/SM/19387-WOM/2165, 3 December 2018): https://www.un.org/press/en/2018/sgsm19387.doc.htm Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, Mark Lowcock: Opening and Closing Statements at the High-Level Humanitarian Event on South Sudan, 25 September 2018: https://reliefweb.int/node/2802374 Secretary-General calls revitalized agreement to resolve conflict in South Sudan ‘A positive and significant development’ (SG/SM/19210, 13 September 2018): https://www.un.org/press/en/2018/sgsm19210.doc.htm Secretary-General welcomes signing of South Sudan agreement on outstanding governance, responsibility-sharing issues (SG/SM/19157, 6 August 2018): https://www.un.org/press/en/2018/sgsm19157.doc.htm Secretary-General welcomes continued efforts of High-Level Revitalization Forum in facilitating South Sudan Peace Process (SG/SM/19114, 27 June 2018): https://www.un.org/press/en/2018/sgsm19114.doc.htm Secretary-General condemns killing of peacekeeper in South Sudan (SG/SM/19111-PKO/740, 26 June 2018): https://www.un.org/press/en/2018/sgsm19111.doc.htm Interview: Fighting must end in South Sudan or worsening humanitarian crisis cannot be tackled, says UN aid chief (UN News, 7 June 2018): https://news.un.org/en/interview/2018/06/1011651 Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, Mark Lowcock: Remarks at the launch of the 2018 South Sudan Humanitarian Response Plan and 2018 South Sudan Regional Refugee Response Plan (1 February 2018): https://reliefweb.int/node/2444154 Secretary-General hails efforts by Intergovernmental Authority for Development to achieve peace in South Sudan, urges national leaders to assume responsibility (SG/SM/18872, 27 January 2018): http://www.un.org/press/en/2018/sgsm18872.doc.htm Assistant Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Deputy Emergency Relief Coordinator, Ms. Ursula Mueller Statement to the Security Council on the humanitarian situation in South Sudan (24 January 2018): https://reliefweb.int/node/2431414

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Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, Mark Lowcock: Statement to the Security Council on the humanitarian situation in South Sudan, 7 December 2017: https://reliefweb.int/node/2364069 26 October 2017, Security Council Briefing on Sudan and South Sudan, Special Envoy Nicholas Haysom: http://www.un.org/undpa/en/speeches-statements/26102017/sudan-southsudan Secretary-General urges strong, unified push to restart South Sudan Peace Talks amid ruthless human rights abuses, spectre of full economic collapse (SG/SM/18715, 21 September 2017): http://www.un.org/press/en/2017/sgsm18715.doc.htm Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, Mr. Mark Lowcock at the High-Level Humanitarian Event on South Sudan on the margins of the General Assembly (20 September 2017): https://bit.ly/2hN63uq Statement of Ms. Yasmin Sooka – Chairperson of the Commission on Human Rights in South Sudan at the 36th session of the Human Rights Council (18 September 2017): http://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=22107 Enhanced inter-active dialogue on the situation of human rights in South Sudan, 36th session of the Human Rights Council, Statement by United Nations Deputy High Commissioner for Human Rights, Ms. Kate Gilmore (18 September 2017): http://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=22089 24 August 2017, Security Council Briefing on the Situation in South Sudan, Special Envoy Nicholas Haysom: http://www.un.org/undpa/en/speeches-statements/24082017/south-sudan South Sudan: Weary, frightened displaced civilians in Upper Nile at imminent risk of further violence (4 May 2017): http://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=21578 No military solution in South Sudan, Secretary-General stresses, calling escalating violence ‘callous and blatant disregard’ of ceasefire pledges (SG/SM/18507, 29 April 2017): http://www.un.org/press/en/2017/sgsm18507.doc.htm Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, Stephen O’Brien - Statement on South Sudan, 27 March 2017: https://bit.ly/2xXQnKp Credible dialogue cannot be held at gunpoint, Secretary-General tells Meeting on South Sudan, faulting leadership’s refusal even to acknowledge crisis (SG/SM/18471-SC/12762, 23 March 2017): http://www.un.org/press/en/2017/sgsm18471.doc.htm Statement by Adama Dieng, United Nations Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide, on the situation in South Sudan (6 February 2017): https://bit.ly/2wuUeeT Joint Press Statement by African Union, Intergovernmental Authority on Development, United Nations on South Sudan (SG/2237-AFR/3526, 29 January 2017): http://www.un.org/press/en/2017/sg2237.doc.htm As situation deteriorates in South Sudan, Secretary-General urges Security Council to impose arms embargo, calls for reinvigorated political process (SG/SM/18384-SC/12644-AFR/3512, 19 December 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm18384.doc.htm Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, Stephen O’Brien - Statement to the Security Council on South Sudan, 19 December 2016: https://bit.ly/2l7hxG5 Statement by the High Commissioner at the Human Rights Council Special Session on South Sudan (14 December 2016): http://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=21027 ‘Cling to every little sign of hope’ – outgoing head of UN Mission in South Sudan (29 November 2016): http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=55676 Statement to the Security Council by Adama Dieng, United Nations Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide, on his visit to South Sudan (17 November 2016): https://bit.ly/2FlXaQg Media Briefing by Adama Dieng, United Nations Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide on his visit to South Sudan (11 November 2016): https://bit.ly/2CC5lVG Troubled by report's findings on July violence, Secretary-General pledges greater accountability by United Nations Mission in South Sudan (SG/SM/18245-AFR/3478-PKO/607, 1 November 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm18245.doc.htm South Sudan: Dangerous rise in ethnic hate speech must be reined in – Zeid (25 October 2016): http://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=20757 "What is the underlying conflict? It’s similar in both countries and can be described as an incomplete social contract"– UN envoy for Sudan and South Sudan (Interview with UN News Centre, 12 October 2016): http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=55276 Deputy Secretary-General urges commitment by South Sudan’s leaders to inclusive political transition, pledging United Nations Support for peace accord (DSG/SM/1014-AFR/3458, 23 September 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/dsgsm1014.doc.htm

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Secretary-General, at High-Level Event on Humanitarian Situation in South Sudan, urges pressure to make leaders halt slide into deeper violence (SG/SM/18123-AFR/3452-IHA/1416, 22 September 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm18123.doc.htm Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, Stephen O’Brien - Remarks at High Level event on South Sudan on the margins of the 71st Session of the General Assembly, 22 September 2016: https://bit.ly/2JzP1bh Secretary-General urges parties in Sudan, South Sudan to resume peace talks (SG/SM/17989AFR/3432, 17 August 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm17989.doc.htm Secretary-General launches special investigation on Mission response to attack, grave cases of sexual violence in South Sudan (SG/SM/17987-AFR/3431-PKO/600, 16 August 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm17987.doc.htm Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, Stephen O’Brien - Remarks to the Press on South Sudan, 10 August 2016: https://bit.ly/2LlNhHF Welcoming communique of intergovernmental authority on development countries, SecretaryGeneral calls upon South Sudan’s leaders to set aside differences (SG/SM/17961-AFR/3422, 7 August 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm17961.doc.htm SPLA committed widespread violations during and after July fighting in South Sudan – Zeid (4 August 2016): http://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=20339 UN Humanitarian Chief condemns violence against civilians and aid workers in South Sudan (3 August 2016): https://bit.ly/2L4wvgL Hold South Sudan leadership accountable, Secretary-General says at regional summit, stressing ‘enough is enough’ (SG/SM/17932-DEV/3237, 16 July 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm17932.doc.htm Statement by Adama Dieng, United Nations Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide on the situation in South Sudan (11 July 2016): https://bit.ly/2EVb4ep Shocked by heavy fighting in South Sudan, Secretary-General strongly urges leaders to take decisive action, fully implement peace agreement (SG/SM/17918-AFR/3411-PKO/594, 10 July 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm17918.doc.htm Deeply alarmed at violence in South Sudan, Secretary-General urges leaders to end ongoing fighting, work as partners in implementing agreement (SG/SM/17912-AFR/3409, 8 July 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm17912.doc.htm Secretary-General, concerned about reported loss of lives in escalating South Sudan violence, urges all parties to resolve disputes through dialogue (SG/SM/17882-AFR/3401, 25 June 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm17882.doc.htm Secretary-General, welcoming appointment of transitional government of national unity in South Sudan, urges immediate end to all hostilities (SG/SM/17716-AFR/3370, 28 April 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm17716.doc.htm Secretary-General welcomes return, swearing-in of South Sudan First Vice-President (SG/SM/17707-AFR/3368, 26 April 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm17707.doc.htm Welcoming new steps towards forming transitional government in South Sudan, Secretary-General urges leaders to maintain spirit of cooperation (SG/SM/17699-AFR/3366, 22 April 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm17699.doc.htm Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, Stephen O’Brien - Statement to the Security Council on South Sudan (31 March 2016): https://bit.ly/2uJjlem Condemning deadly violence at protection of civilians site in South Sudan, Secretary-General warns parties against ‘stoking ethnic disputes’ (SG/SM/17553-AFR/3324-PKO/563, 18 February 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm17553.doc.htm Secretary-General urges parties in South Sudan to overcome deadlock impeding formation of Transitional Government (SG/SM/17489-AFR/3312, 25 January 2016): http://www.un.org/press/en/2016/sgsm17489.doc.htm Condemning attack in Abyei, Secretary-General urges Sudan, South Sudan governments to resume ‘without delay’ implementation of administration, security agreement (SG/SM/17365AFR/3275-PKO/542, 27 November 2015): http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sgsm17365.doc.htm Communiqué from High-Level Event on South Sudan at Headquarters, 29 September 2015 (SG/2221-AFR/3230, 2 October 2015): http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sg2221.doc.htm Secretary-General, at High-Level Meeting on South Sudan, applauds peace agreement signatories for commitments to dialogue, ending conflict (SG/SM/17146-AFR/3223, 29 September 2015): http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sgsm17146.doc.htm Deputy Secretary-General, at High-Level Meeting on South Sudan, urges parties to make ‘swift progress’ forming government, ensure access for humanitarian actors (DSG/SM/898-AFR/3225, 29 September 2015): http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/dsgsm898.doc.htm

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Welcoming South Sudan’s signature on conflict resolution accord, Secretary-General says it must translate into end to violence, horrific human rights violations (SG/SM/17035-AFR/3203, 26 August 2015): http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sgsm17035.doc.htm Under-Secretary-General Stephen O’Brien Briefing to the Security Council: The Humanitarian situation in South Sudan (25 August 2015): https://bit.ly/2y0f0Xr Secretary-General welcomes fresh commitment to South Sudan Peace Agreement (SG/SM/17015AFR/3199, 18 August 2015): http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sgsm17015.doc.htm Op-Ed by Adama Dieng: "Impunity must urgently be tackled in South Sudan" (5 August 2015): https://bit.ly/2CDJTzj Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, Stephen O’Brien Remarks to the Press (Juba, South Sudan, 25 July 2015): https://bit.ly/2yokkVv Secretary-General urges South Sudanese leaders to invest in political solution, immediately conclude peace agreement (SG/SM/16924-AFR/3175, 8 July 2015): http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sgsm16924.doc.htm Secretary-General condemns attack on South Sudan civilian protection site (SG/SM/16900AFR/3171-PKO/503, 1 July 2015): http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sgsm16900.doc.htm Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, Stephen O’Brien: Opening Remarks to the High-Level Event on the South Sudan Humanitarian Crisis and its effect on the region (Geneva, 16 June 2015): https://bit.ly/2uvAcC9 Deputy Secretary-General calls for common United Nations-African Union strategies in meeting on Burundi, South Sudan (DSG/SM/875-AFR/3155, 13 June 2015): http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/dsgsm875.doc.htm Secretary-General urges South Sudanese Government to immediately reverse decision to expel United Nations Deputy Special Representative (SG/SM/16810-AFR/3148, 1 June 2015): http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sgsm16810.doc.htm Joint Statement on renewed attacks against the civilian population, especially women and children, in the widening armed conflict in South Sudan (28 May 2015): http://reliefweb.int/report/southsudan/joint-statement-renewed-attacks-against-civilian-population-especially-women-and Secretary-General strongly condemns escalated fighting in South Sudan as ‘unacceptable’, demands immediate national investigations (SG/SM/16770-AFR/3139, 20 May 2015): http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sgsm16770.doc.htm Secretary-General, profoundly disappointed at failure of South Sudanese parties to conclude power-sharing pact, says no alternative to negotiated settlement (SG/SM/16572-AFR/3089, 6 March 2015): http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sgsm16572.doc.htm Noting outcome of recent negotiations, Secretary-General urges South Sudan parties to place civilians’ interests first, agree on Comprehensive Peace Accord (SG/SM/16511-AFR/3069, 3 February 2015): http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sgsm16511.doc.htm Welcoming Arusha Agreement, Secretary-General tells South Sudan Parties ‘time is running out’, calling for final agreement (SG/SM/16484-AFR/3058, 23 January 2015): http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sgsm16484.doc.htm Killing in South Sudan’s one-year conflict must end, Secretary-General says, calling on leaders to reach inclusive, power-sharing arrangement (SG/SM/16424-AFR/3040, 14 December 2014): http://www.un.org/press/en/2014/sgsm16424.doc.htm Applauding stance by Intergovernmental Authority on Development on South Sudan, SecretaryGeneral hopes parties reach comprehensive peace agreement (SG/SM/16322-AFR/3010, 7 November 2014): http://www.un.org/press/en/2014/sgsm16322.doc.htm Condemning renewed violence in South Sudan, Secretary-General says actions violate cessation of hostilities agreement (SG/SM/16299-AFR/3003, 30 October 2014): http://www.un.org/press/en/2014/sgsm16299.doc.htm At High-level Meeting, Secretary-General tells leaders of South Sudan, ‘you opened the wounds that have caused so much suffering. now heal them’ (SG/SM/16205-AFR/2978, 25 September 2014): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2014/sgsm16205.doc.htm Secretary-General notes signing by South Sudan, opposition forces of implementation matrix for cessation of hostilities agreement (SG/SM/16100-AFR/2953, 25 August 2014): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2014/sgsm16100.doc.htm Urging all parties to keep civilians, relief personnel safe, Secretary-General demands investigation into killing of humanitarian staff in South Sudan (SG/SM/16072-AFR/2947, 6 August 2014): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2014/sgsm16072.doc.htm Secretary-General says outbreak of hostilities in South Sudan undermines ‘intense political engagement’ under way towards resumed talks (SG/SM/16041-AFR/2938, 20 July 2014): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2014/sgsm16041.doc.htm

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With South Sudanese bearing brunt of failure to lay down arms, United Nations will make every effort to protect them, says Secretary-General (SG/SM/16008-AFR/2929, 8 July 2014): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2014/sgsm16008.doc.htm Welcoming strengthened protection mandate in South Sudan, Secretary-General reiterates call for additional uniformed personnel (SG/SM/15886-AFR/2903-PKO/406, 27 May 2014): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2014/sgsm15886.doc.htm Secretary-General calls on South Sudan leaders to accelerate ‘momentum for peace’, in Security Council Briefing (SG/SM/15838-SC/11392-AFR/2885, 12 May 2014): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2014/sgsm15838.doc.htm Welcoming signing of South Sudan Accord, Secretary-General demands both sides immediately translate commitments into ‘action on the ground’ (SG/SM/15834-AFR/2883, 9 May 2014): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2014/sgsm15834.doc.htm UN report documenting human rights violations on “a massive scale” in South Sudan underscores extreme urgency – Pillay (9 May 2014): http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=14581&LangID=E South Sudan leaders must bring the conflict to an end (2 May 2014): http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/SouthSudanleadersmustbringtheconflicttoanend.aspx South Sudan on verge of catastrophe – Pillay (Opening remarks by UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay at a press conference in South Sudan, Juba, 30 April 201): http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/Media.aspx?IsMediaPage=true&LangID=E Secretary-General strongly condemns attack against civilian protection site in South Sudan, calls on government to ensure safety (SG/SM/15783-AFR/2866-PKO/395, 17 April 2014): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2014/sgsm15783.doc.htm Interview: UN humanitarian official urges action to help South Sudan avoid collapse (5 March 2014): http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=47277 Deeply concerned by renewed fighting in South Sudan, Secretary-General warns that those responsible for crimes against civilians will be held accountable (SG/SM/15657-AFR/2821, 20 February 2014): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2014/sgsm15657.doc.htm Welcoming talks between South Sudan, Sudan People’s Liberation Movement, Secretary-General reiterates need for cessation of hostilities (SG/SM/15640-AFR/2813, 12 February 2014): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2014/sgsm15640.doc.htm Secretary-General, welcoming cessation of hostilities in South Sudan, calls for accord’s immediate implementation (SG/SM/15610-AFR/2801, 23 January 2014): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2014/sgsm15610.doc.htm Secretary-General, alarmed at fatalities in South Sudan, says UN will continue to actively protect civilians with ‘strict impartiality’ (SG/SM/15580-AFR/2793, 14 January 2014): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2014/sgsm15580.doc.htm Secretary-General welcomes Regional Summit’s appointment of team to negotiate ceasefire in South Sudan, calls for civilian security (SG/SM/15563-AFR/2783-DEV/3062, 28 December 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2013/sgsm15563.doc.htm Secretary-General calls ethnic targeting of civilians ‘Grave’ human rights violation in message to South Sudan (SG/SM/15559-AFR/2781, 25 December 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2013/sgsm15559.doc.htm South Sudan violence ‘unacceptable’, Secretary-General tells Security Council, stressing vital need for political dialogue (SG/SM/15557-SC/11231-AFR/2779, 24 December 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2013/sgsm15557.doc.htm Pillay urges South Sudan leadership to curb alarming violence against civilians (News Centre, 24 December 2013): http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=14140 Statement by Adama Dieng, United Nations Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide, and Jennifer Welsh, United Nations Special Adviser on the Responsibility to Protect, on the situation in South Sudan (24 December 2013): https://bit.ly/2JggyOX Offering condolences to slain peacekeepers’ families, Secretary-General strongly condemns attack on United Nations Mission in South Sudan (SG/SM/15551-AFR/2776-PKO/389, 20 December 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2013/sgsm15551.doc.htm Appalled by growing violence in South Sudan, Secretary-General calls on national leaders to prevent descent into chaos (SG/SM/15550-AFR/2774-PKO/388, 19 December 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2013/sgsm15550.doc.htm South Sudan: Pillay warns against rapidly deteriorating security situation and risk of ethnic clashes (News Centre, 19 December 2013): http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=14128

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Concerned over South Sudan fighting, Secretary-General urges government guarantee security of all civilians (SG/SM/15546-AFR/2770, 17 December 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2013/sgsm15546.doc.htm Secretary-General welcomes Sudan-South Sudan Summit, reiterating call for urgent resumption of talks to resolve final status of Abyei (SG/SM/15412-AFR/2726, 22 October 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2013/sgsm15412.doc.htm Deputy Secretary-General, at Sudan-South Sudan Consultative Forum, reiterates offering peace between, stability within, both nations (DSG/SM/709-AFR/2706, 27 September 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2013/dsgsm709.doc.htm Secretary-General, in message, commends African Union High-level Implementation Panel for Leading Post-Session Negotiations between Sudan, South Sudan (SG/SM/15313-AFR/2700, 23 September 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2013/sgsm15313.doc.htm Secretary-General strongly condemns deadly attacks in disputed Abyei, proof of need for Sudan, South Sudan to resolve area’s final status (SG/SM/15003-AFR/2611, 6 May 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2013/sgsm15003.doc.htm Secretary-General welcomes further positive conclusions reached at Addis Ababa Meeting by Sudan, South Sudan on implementation of September 2012 Agreements (SG/SM/14979AFR/2603, 24 April 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2013/sgsm14979.doc.htm Secretary-General commends Juba Meeting between Sudan and South Sudan Presidents, urges differences be resolved for final settlement of Abyei (SG/SM/14939-AFR/2592, 12 April 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2013/sgsm14939.doc.htm Secretary-General appalled by attack on UN Mission Convoy in South Sudan, calls on government to bring perpetrators of crime to justice (SG/SM/14930-AFR/2590, 9 April 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2013/sgsm14930.doc.htm Secretary-General hails establishment of Sudan-South Sudan Joint Border Mechanisms (SG/SM/14857-AFR/2577, 8 March 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2013/sgsm14857.doc.htm Secretary-General welcomes Summit between Presidents of Sudan, South Sudan (SG/SM/14752AFR/2500, 3 January 2013): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2013/sgsm14752.doc.htm Condemning shooting down in Jonglei of UN Helicopter, Secretary-General demands South Sudan government take measures to prevent reoccurrence of attacks (SG/SM/14741-AFR/2493, 21 December 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2012/sgsm14741.doc.htm Secretary-General congratulates Parliaments of Sudan, South Sudan for ratifying cooperation agreements (SG/SM/14592-AFR/2466, 17 October 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2012/sgsm14592.doc.htm Secretary-General, in consultative forum, urges Sudan, South Sudan to finalize agreements on outstanding issues, lead constitutional review with vision (SG/SM/14551-AFR/2454, 27 September 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2012/sgsm14551.doc.htm Secretary-General commends Sudan, South Sudan for signing vital agreements, calls on them to resolve ‘disputed and claimed areas’, final status of Abyei (SG/SM/14547-AFR/2452, 27 September 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2012/sgsm14547.doc.htm Encouraged by narrowing of differences in dispute, Secretary-general urges ‘comprehensive deal’ in Sudan-South Sudan Presidential Summit (SG/SM/14523-AFR/2446, 21 September 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/sgsm14523.doc.htm Welcoming deal between Sudan, South Sudan, Secretary-General urges them to muster political will for resolution of all outstanding issues (SG/SM/14446-AFR/2426, 6 August 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2012/sgsm14446.doc.htm Secretary-General, in message for Independence Day, pledges to help South Sudan resolve pending differences with northern neighbour (SG/SM/14406-AFR/2415, 9 July 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2012/sgsm14406.doc.htm Secretary-General welcomes announcement by Sudan, South Sudan to resume talks next week in Addis Ababa under auspices of African Union (SG/SM/14310-AFR/2395, 24 May 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/sgsm14310.doc.htm Secretary-General welcomes withdrawal of South Sudan Police from Abyei, urges Sudanese Government to also remove forces from area (SG/SM/14283-AFR/2387, 14 May 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2012/sgsm14283.doc.htm Pillay welcomes South Sudan commitment to human rights, but says much still to be done in world’s newest state: Statement by High Commissioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay on 4th day of her mission to South Sudan (11 May 2012): http://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=12148 Secretary-General condemns aerial bombardment on South Sudan by Sudanese Armed Forces (SG/SM/14248-AFR/2380, 23 April 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/sgsm14248.doc.htm

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Noting Announced Withdrawal of South Sudan from Heglig, Secretary-General Urges Immediate Resumption of Negotiations with Sudanese Government (SG/SM/14244-AFR/2379, 20 April 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/sgsm14244.doc.htm Pillay urges Sudan and South Sudan to pull back from the brink (Press release, 17 April 2012): http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=12061 Reiterating deep concern over continued hostilities, Secretary-General urges Sudan, South Sudan to end fighting immediately (SG/SM/14236-AFR/2377, 16 April 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/sgsm14236.doc.htm Alarmed at escalation of fighting, Secretary-General calls on Sudan, South Sudan to immediately cease hostilities, respect each other’s territorial integrity (SG/SM/14224-AFR/2372, 11 April 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/sgsm14224.doc.htm Concerned over continued border fighting, Secretary-General calls on Sudan, South Sudan Presidents to meet, ensure ‘quick and fruitful outcome’ of talks (SG/SM/14208-AFR/2364, 2 April 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2012/sgsm14208.doc.htm Amid clashes in Sudanese border region, Secretary-General calls on governments of Sudan, South Sudan to implement security, border agreements (SG/SM/14193-AFR/2361, 26 March 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2012/sgsm14193.doc.htm Secretary-General commends Sudan, South Sudan for post-independence progress; Agreement on status of nationals, common boundary important step forward (SG/SM/14156-AFR/2353, 15 March 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2012/sgsm14156.doc.htm Secretary-General welcomes Memorandum of Understanding on Non-Aggression and Cooperation between Sudan, South Sudan (SG/SM/14104-AFR/2335, 13 February 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/sgsm14104.doc.htm Secretary-General Expresses Concern over Lack of Progress in Sudan-South Sudan Negotiations on Outstanding Post-Independence Issues (SG/SM/14100-AFR/2334, 10 February 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/sgsm14100.doc.htm Emergency Relief Coordinator Valerie Amos Press Briefing on South Sudan (2 February 2012): https://bit.ly/2xU6kzT Secretary-General Deeply Concerned by Continuing Tensions along Border between Sudan, South Sudan; Urges Parties to Use Current Negotiations to Defuse Crisis (SG/SM/14073-AFR/2322, 20 January 2012): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/sgsm14073.doc.htm Secretary-General Calls for End to Violence between Two South Sudan Communities (SG/SM/14040-AFR/2311, 28 December 2011): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2011/sgsm14040.doc.htm Secretary-General Deeply Concerned at Escalating Rhetoric between Governments of Sudan, South Sudan, Calls for Restraint in Managing Border Tensions (SG/SM/13945-AFR/2285, 14 November 2011): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2011/sgsm13945.doc.htm Pillay calls for investigation into South Sudan camp bombing (11 November 2011): http://www.ohchr.org/en/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=11596 Secretary-General Deeply Concerned at Recent Fighting in South Sudan (SG/SM/13754-AFR/2228, 23 August 2011): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2011/sgsm13754.doc.htm Secretary-General's Press Encounters: https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/press-encounters

Selected Articles in UN Journals • • • • • •

Special Envoy for Sudan and South Sudan: Return to a Troubled Region (Politically Speaking, 24 September 2016): https://tmblr.co/ZaTV2m2CUKdi4 Peace in South Sudan critical to regional stability (Africa Renewal, August 2014): http://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/august-2014/peace-south-sudan-critical-regionalstability Accountability in South Sudan – the African Union steps up / by Adama Dieng (Africa Renewal Web Feature, 22 April 2014): http://www.un.org/africarenewal/web-features/accountability-southsudan-%E2%80%93-african-union-steps South Sudan – from cease-fire to sustainable peace? / by Ivan Simonovic (Africa Renewal Web Feature, 22 April 2014): http://www.un.org/africarenewal/web-features/south-sudan%E2%80%93-cease-fire-sustainable-peace Interview with Hilde Johnson, the Secretary-General's Special Representative for South Sudan (UN Newsmaker, 6 July 2012): http://www.un.org/apps/news/newsmakers.asp?NewsID=60 After independence, what next for South Sudan? Building a new nation amidst dire poverty and the scars of war (Africa Renewal, August 2011):

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http://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/august-2011/after-independence-what-next-southsudan Clearing South Sudan of its deadly landmines (Africa Recovery Web Features, 2 November 2011): http://www.un.org/africarenewal/web-features/clearing-south-sudan-its-deadly-landmines

Background Information • • •

UN News Focus – Sudan & South Sudan: https://news.un.org/en/focus/sudan-south-sudan UNRIC Library Backgrounder - Sudan https://unric.org/en/unric-library-backgrounder-sudan/ PODCAST: Peacekeeping and protection in South Sudan (7 December 2017): http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=58248

Further Information •

UN Member States on the Record: South Sudan https://library.un.org/unms?combine=south+sudan

key documents related to its membership in the UN; statements made before the principal organs; draft resolutions sponsored; periodic reports submitted on Human Rights conventions, etc.

Non-UN Sources • • •

Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) in Eastern Africa – Office of the IGAD Special Envoys for South Sudan http://southsudan.igad.int/ Security Council Report – Sudan/South Sudan http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/sudansouth-sudan/ The New Humanitarian (formerly “IRIN News") - South Sudan https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/africa/east-africa/south-sudan

15 March 2021 not an official document – for information only https://unric.org/en/unric-library-backgrounder-south-sudan/

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Independence of South Sudan & Admission to UN Membership

UN welcomes South Sudan as 193rd Member State (14 July 2011) https://news.un.org/en/story/2011/07/381552

Selected UN Documents • • • • • •

A/RES/65/308: Admission of the Republic of South Sudan to membership in the United Nations: http://undocs.org/A/RES/65/308 S/RES/1999 (2001) [recommends to the General Assembly that the Republic of South Sudan be admitted to membership in the United Nation]: http://undocs.org/A/RES/1999(2001) S/PRST/2011/14 (13 July 2011): Statement by the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/PRST/2011/14 S/PV.6582 (13 July 2011): Admission of new members: http://undocs.org/S/PV.6582 S/2011/420 (11 July 2011): Report of the Committee on the Admission of New Members concerning the application of the Republic of South Sudan for admission to membership in the United Nations: http://undocs.org/S/2011/420 A/65/900 - S/2011/418 (9 July 2011): Application of the Republic of South Sudan for admission to membership in the United Nations: note / by the Secretary-General http://undocs.org/S/2011/418

Selected Statements, Speeches and Op-eds by UN Officials •

President Deiss' Statement on the occasion of Flag Raising Ceremony marking the admission of the Republic of South Sudan as a new member of the United Nations (14 July 2011): http://www.un.org/en/ga/president/65/statements/South_Sudan_Flag_Ceremony_140711.html

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President Deiss' Statement at the General Assembly on the occasion of the admission of the Republic of South Sudan (French) (14 July 2011): http://www.un.org/fr/ga/president/65/statements/southsudan140711.shtml Hailing World’s Newest Independent Country, Secretary-General Welcomes 193rd United Nations Member State at Flag-Raising Ceremony for South Sudan (SG/SM/13704ORG/1546, 14 July 2011): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2011/sgsm13704.doc.htm On South Sudan’s Admission to United Nations, Secretary-General Says ‘You Now Sit with Us; We Stand with You’ (SG/SM/13703-GA/11115-ORG/1545, 14 July 2011): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2011/sgsm13703.doc.htm On eve of welcoming South Sudan to United Nations, Secretary-General tells Security Council ‘A viable South will need a viable North — and vice versa’ (SG/SM/13701SC/10324-AFR/2210, 13 July 2011): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2011/sgsm13701.doc.htm Secretary-General, at South Sudan Independence Ceremony, underscores need for civil war foes to reaffirm common heritage, mutual interdependence (SG/SM/13696AFR/2209, 11 July 2011): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2011/sgsm13696.doc.htm General Assembly President on the occasion of South Sudan Independence Ceremony (9 July 2011): http://www.un.org/en/ga/president/65/statements/southsudanceremony090711.html

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Statement by the UN High Commissioner for Refugees on the occasion of the independence of the Republic of South Sudan (9 July 2011): http://reliefweb.int/node/424873 Statement by Anthony Lake, UNICEF Executive Director, on the independence of the Republic of South Sudan (8 July 2011): http://www.unicef.org/media/media_59138.html UNESCO stands by South Sudan, targeting schools in the world’s newest state - Special opinion piece by UNESCO’s Director-General Irina Bokova (8 July 2011): https://bit.ly/2yYonoi Standing by South Sudan / by Ban Ki-moon (Op-ed in the New York Times, 7 July 2011): http://www.un.org/sg/articles/articleFull.asp?TID=124&Type=Op-Ed&h=0 With South Sudan’s Independence weeks away, Deputy Secretary-General says Economic and Social Council, Peacebuilding Commission well placed to provide support (DSG/SM/559-AFR/2193, 14 June 2011): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2011/dsgsm559.doc.htm On eve of Self-Determination Referendum in South Sudan, Secretary-General commends National Unity Government, Government of Southern Sudan for leadership, wisdom (SG/SM/13339-AFR/2092, 7 January 2011): http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2011/sgsm13339.doc.htm

Background Information • •

Independence of South Sudan: http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/past/unmis/referendum.shtml Becoming a member of the United Nations: http://www.un.org/News/dh/infocus/UN_membership.shtml

Further Information • •

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Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) - South Sudan naturally endowed for sustainable growth through agriculture: http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/81693/icode/ United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) o South Sudan: From uncertainties to opportunities: http://www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/leading-the-internationalagenda/efareport/specials/south-sudan/ o South Sudan becomes UNESCO’s 194th Member State: http://www.unesco.org/new/en/media-services/singleview/news/south_sudan_becomes_unescos_194th_member_state/ United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) - UNEP support for sustainable development part of new beginning for South Sudan: https://www.unenvironment.org/explore-topics/disasters-conflicts/where-we-work/south-sudan

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United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) - Q&A: Displacement scenarios surrounding South Sudan secession: http://www.unhcr.org/4e1aab266.html United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) - Feature Story: Independence: Birth of — and in — a New Nation: https://bit.ly/2fJqbti