Health and Wellness. Fall 2017

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Fall 2017

Mental Health

Suicide Hotline: A critical resource for Idahoans with poor mental health Addiction recovery Mental Health The Reality, Stigma and Recovery

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Health & Wellness

Fall 2017

Contents

SERVING MADISON AND FREMONT COUNTIES

3 | Suicide hotline: a critical resource for Idahoans with poor mental health 4 | Depression

S TA N DA R D

J O U R NA L

EMPOWERING THE COMMUNITY

6 | addiction recovery 10 | Mental health The Reality, Stigma and Recovery

Publisher andy Pennington

13 | Mental health issues and substance abuse are two sides of the same coin

General Manager Jeremy Cooley

Reporters Lisa Smith adam Jacobs Koster Kennard

Advertising Tiffany harrison

Correspondents Victoria Varnedoe

16 | anxiety and medical support. Laya the dog who helped.

Production Jim Ralls Randal Flamm

Editors Gabe Davis

18 | Suicide: We need to talk 19 | Panic attacks 20 | Eating disorders 23 | Mental health Care Providers

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Physical address: 23 South 1st East Rexburg, ID 83440

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Suicide Hotline A critical resource for Idahoans with poor mental health JOhN REUSSER

LCSW, Director

Every year enough Idahoans are lost to suicide to fill a commercial jet liner. Idaho ranks 6th in the nation, and consistently in the top 10 nationally for rates of this preventable cause of death. Suicide is the second leading cause of death of males age 10-14. Historically, Idaho’s suicide prevention efforts, while heroic, have been largely the province of a dedicated core of tireless advocates, some professional, some laypersons, most personally touched by the topic some way, all committed to eliminating suicide in Idaho. They work collaboratively whenever possible, but due to Idaho’s expansive geography, lack of resources for mental health and crisis services, and commitment by state and local government, those efforts could be siloed, duplicative, lacking coordination and adequate funding. In the past five years since the launch of our first statewide hotline, we’ve made incredible strides toward overcoming this. We’ve watched prevention efforts in our state become increasingly collaborative, integrated, sustained and properly funded and the Idaho Suicide Prevention Hotline (ISPH) is an essential part of this system of crisis and preventative care. The hotline is a true public-private

partnership. It is incorporated as a non-profit housed under the umbrella of Jannus, Inc. For over 40 years, Jannus has been a highly effective incubator, and steward, of a myriad of programs changing lives in Idaho focused on economic opportunity, public policy and community health.

History of the hotline: The last suicide hotline in Idaho closed in 2006 for lack of funding. We were one the last states in the country to be without a statewide suicide hotline. In the parlance of the prevention community, we were known as “barren.” A group of stakeholders convened to put together the building blocks for a state of the art, statewide hotline in compliance with established best practices and national standards. The model of the prior hotline had trained volunteers taking a cell phone home with them, and for 2-3 days continuously, fielding all the hotline calls. The founding director of ISPH was committed to launching a volunteer driven, dedicated phone room model, where responders come to the center in Boise for 4.5 hour shifts once per week, and are supervised by master’s level clinicians or equivalent who silently monitor incoming calls and coach responders through difficult or high risk calls; processing them with the phone worker afterward.

Their model involves a high level of training of 50 + hours, including shadowing/ role-play training and mentorship before volunteers take their first call. The values that guide efforts at ISPH are the recovery model of mental health and trauma informed care. The recovery model emphasizes and supports a person’s potential for recovery. Recovery is generally seen in this approach as a personal journey rather than a set outcome, and one that may involve developing hope, a secure base and sense of self, supportive relationships, empowerment, social inclusion, coping skills, and meaning. The trauma informed care model means that ISPH actively recruit persons with lived experience of mental illness and suicide. It’s been proven that they can be more effective at connecting with and helping persons at risk for suicide. ISPH also has the responsibility to support them. They have a robust volunteer support program which includes a monthly discussion group, a separate “zen space” within their center, and all of the hotline’s volunteers have access to the same employee assistance program as their paid staff, including free short term counseling.

To learn more, get involved, or make donation, go to www. idahosuicideprevention.org Or visit their Facebook page at www.facebook.com/idahosuicideprevention.

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Depression R h E T Da L L I N G , LC S W

In the last ten years I have worked with many people struggling with depression and/or anxiety. Many times they go hand in hand and they often feed off each other. Over the years I have noticed a pattern. Each of our life experiences create paradigms and perspectives in our mind.

These perspective paradigms are often incorrect. The result is people go through life living according to these thought patterns that are simply not true, they are based off assumptions, misinterpretations, and just plain lies. We often pick them up due to the naivetĂŠ of our youth, mistreatment or bad example of others, or the fact that our society teaches them as truth. These false ideas or perspectives end up wreaking havoc on our emotional state. When we continue to live by these lies or false ideas, they can, over time, start to produce anxiety and eventually depression. For example, starting in our youth we spend much of our time trying to feel we are good enough, trying to measure up to pressures and expectations placed on us from parents, teachers, society and even misinterpretations of religious principles. Day after day we try to achieve the impossible, we try to be perfect at everything we do, not that trying to do our best is the wrong idea but when we think that our best is not good enough and that everyone else is better than us, we often feel like we have failed and we will never succeed. You can see that day after day of trying to be perfect or trying to please others only to fall short of these expectation each and every day can wear on a person and eventually the anxiety starts to build and we start to live our life based on fear of failure rather than hopes, dreams and satisfaction of what we are achieving, learning and progressing toward.

Eventually these fears and feelings of failure and inadequacy catch up to us, we are exhausted with the impossible task we have created and this leads to a depressive state that can take us over and lock a person in a downward spiral. After periods of giving up or giving in, many people will find the courage to get up and try again, but when a task is impossible and based off of false ideas there

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is only one eventual result failure. Attempt after attempt we try to measure up, to do it all perfectly, to get the good grades, to be popular, cool, wealthy, have the latest stuff, to make everyone proud, to never make mistakes, to keep the house spotless, to look like a super model, or perhaps to beat an addiction. Eventually, it’s too much and depression sets in and we can’t even get out of bed, we can’t find the courage to even want to. We are paralyzed and in pain both mentally and physically. Often, thoughts of suicide that may have never been there before creep in. The idea of living a life when it seems impossible to succeed just feels pointless. This is only one of the examples of false concepts that can bring people to a depressive state of mental health.

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RECLAIM YOUR LIFE

So, what do you do when you find yourself in this hopeless and exhausting never ending battle? Get help. Depending on the severity, it could be from a trusted friend, a close family member, a religious leader or often a professional counselor. They can offer an outside perspective that you are not able to see. They can help you identify the false ideas and perspectives that have dragged you down and help you find hope and courage again.

They can provide perspectives that will help you redefine who you are and what makes you successful and great. They can provide support when days are hard and the challenges seem impossible and depression seems to have more power than you can find in yourself. In a professional setting they can assess whether prescription medication or other alternative medicine is necessary to help get you back on track and functioning again.

I am not a big prescription medication pusher but there are times when a person is so low, and depression has such a strong hold, that it is difficult for an individual to make changes and find healing without it.

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As a counselor I have listened to the false ideas, paradigms and perspectives that have crept into people’s lives and have seen how the endless and impossible battle strips them of hope and leaves them in ultimate despair. But with help, correct ideas can replace the false ones, false perspectives are changed and paradigms shift. I have witnessed hope return, with fear and despair no longer controlling their lives. Both youth and adults are able to function again and live lives that are healthy, happy and good. Sometimes there is a lot of negative stigma around getting help and it is difficult to admit to ourselves that we can’t do it on our own, which just ends up being another false idea adding to the problem. Most of the people I have worked with wish they had gotten help sooner. To everyone struggling out there, I hope this article increases your understanding and you find comfort in the fact that there are people wanting to help, and that you can find joy and a sense of peace again.

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Addiction

RECOVERY KO S T ER K En n A R D

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Cold.

Dirty.

Broke.

Jason Coombs leaned against the cinder block wall of a dark tunnel in Salt Lake City on a cold December night in 2005. Cigarette stains pocked the ground, and 15 or 20 homeless huddled in clusters around him, wrapped in blankets for warmth. Willing to expose bare forearms, they slid cord-sized needles into their scarlumped veins as the wind sprayed snowflakes into their weathered faces.

Coombs had squandered his life savings on drugs and alcohol. When his first son was born, he had to place him up for adoption.

He had pawned away his wedding ring and his beloved guitar. He was ready to pawn away his life.

“An estimated 22 million Americans are dependent on or abusing drugs or alcohol, at huge costs to society,” according to CQ researcher. “Deaths from overdoses due to heroin and other opioids, including the prescription painkillers OxyContin and Vicodin, are on the rise, with many parts of the country fighting what U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder has called a public health crisis.”

Idaho is not exempt from this drug epidemic. In 2013 and 2014, 7.8 percent of Idaho residents surveyed said they had used illicit drugs in the last month, according to the national Survey on Drug Use and Health. “(Drugs) destroy their lives,” said Floyd Simper, an Addiction Recovery Program coordinator for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints for the Rexburg area. “When the addiction becomes more important than anything else, they’ll lose their families, they’ll lose their jobs. They’ll lose everything they have just for that addiction.”

Faith-based recovery programs strive to combat the disease.

One place Idaho addicts can go for faith-based treatment is Renaissance Ranch, which has treatment centers in Idaho Falls, Pocatello and Meridian.

The Meridian facility averages 25 clients at a time.

The program typically takes between six and nine months.

Jason Coombs is the executive director at the Re-

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naissance Ranch Treatment Center in Meridian, a recovering addict and a graduate of Renaissance Ranch.

Renaissance Ranch focuses on a holistic approach to addiction recovery, but Coombs said he believes the spiritual must come first.

“To tap into the spiritual component is the first step,” Coombs said. “What’s interesting is then we straighten out physically, mentally and emotionally when we straighten out spiritually first.”

Coombs said a personal connection with God fosters a lasting recovery.

“We can address that disconnect between God and his kids and help people remember who they really are and that they have worth,” said David Pinegar, the executive director of the Renaissance Ranch facilities in Idaho Falls and Pocatello and a Renaissance Ranch graduate who served in the same LDS mission as Coombs.

Pinegar said that before he began to recover, he knew the teachings of the LDS church, but they never reached his heart enough to heal him.

“Every addict suffers at their core from shame,” Pinegar said. “That feeling of inadequacy, that feeling of not being good enough, that feeling of being less than, not being worthy of.

So, we treat that, and we’ve found that people at least have a chance. It doesn’t work every time, but people here in Idaho are hungry for it. There’s such a strong faith-based community of people that believe in Jesus Christ, people that are connected to God.” Coombs said non-faith-based programs can often help someone to stop using, but they don’t transform an addict like the Almighty.

“I know your purpose is to come here and get sober, but you can get sober anywhere,” Coombs said. “Just punch a

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“Every addict suffers at their core from shame. That feeling of inadequacy, that feeling of not being good enough, that feeling of being less than, not being worthy of. So, we treat that, and we’ve found that people at least have a chance. It doesn’t work every time, but people here in Idaho are hungry for it.

There’s such a strong faith-based community of people that believe in Jesus Christ, people that are connected to God.” David Pinegar, the executive director of the Renaissance Ranch facilities in Idaho Falls and Pocatello

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cop and you’ll get sober. You’ll spend the next couple years in jail or prison, and you’ll be forced to get sober. But what we do here is we tap into the power of what’s going to heal you and remove the obsession.”

Coombs said God has improved every aspect of his life.

“I learned, early on in my own recovery, that I suffer from a spiritual malady,” Pinegar said. “The founders of AA Doctor Bob (Robert Holbrook Smith) and Bill (William Griffith Wilson) called alcoholism a spiritual malady, a spiritual disease, and so we treat the spirit.”

Despite growing up in an active LDS family and picnicking and vacationing with LDS church leaders, including his grandfather, President James E. Faust, Coombs struggled to cope with his emotions.

“It started before I ever picked up a drug or a drink,” Coombs said. “I always felt a level of shame and insecurity. As it came down to it, I always felt like I needed some form of validation that I was OK.” Coombs was an emotional, sensitive young man, yet his family and friends conditioned him to believe that crying was unacceptable.

“I remember the moment that I took my first drink,” Coombs said. “I felt like I found the solution to my life, and most people don’t react that way. Most people can have a drink or take a drug and experience some euphoria, but it doesn’t react the same way in their brains as it did in mine. What happened with me is I had an abnormal reaction, almost like an allergy, and I wanted more. Even though I got sick my very first time drinking, I couldn’t wait until the next weekend so I could do that again.”

Coombs said addicts of all varieties desire the same feeling.

“There’s a commonality, and that is that we like to stay high,” Coombs said. “Our emotions want to be at the top all the time, and any time they dip, even to neutral, it feels like something’s wrong, and so we get high again.”

Coombs sobered up to serve an LDS mission and marry in an LDS temple but lived dual lives before and after his mission, justifying that his use was too infrequent to be labeled as an addiction.

Prescription drugs came into Coombs’ life when he got into a car accident in 2003 and his doctor prescribed painkillers.

“That’s when my dabbling and recreational using of them really turned into a dependence, but I didn’t think it was a dependence at the time,” Coombs said. “Most addicts don’t.”

Coombs was mowing his lawn, wearing no shirt and cargo shorts and jamming out to Parallel Universe by the Red-HotChili Peppers, when a DEH official drove up. Coombs turned off the lawn mower and stepped toward the man as he walked across the lawn and handed him papers signalling he was being charged with three felonies: doctor shopping, obtaining false prescriptions and illegal use and unauthorized distribution of prescription medications.

Coombs soon lost his home, his family and all his earthly possessions. He lived outside the homeless shelter because they didn’t allow drug use in the facility.

Screenshot from video shot by Darren Winberg

Jason Coombs tells the heart wrenching story of his life as an addict and his inspiring recovery from addiction. Coombs is now Renaissance Ranch Treatment Center Executive Director at the Renaissance Ranch facility in Meridian, Idaho.

Coombs was sent to four different treatment facilities, narrowly avoiding a 15-year-to-life prison sentence before deciding to check into Renaissance Ranch.

“When you’re in a treatment facility where there’s very little motivation to change or to get well and there’s very little talk about a spiritual awakening or a spiritual past, what they end

“I know your purpose is to come here and get sober, but you can get sober anywhere…But what we do here is we tap into the power of what’s going to heal you and remove the obsession.”

Jason Coombs, executive director, Renaissance Ranch Treatment Center in Meridian up doing is they put a sick man like myself around 12 other sick men who don’t have any drive to improve their lives or anything worth fighting for, and they end up just getting worse.”

Coombs said his treatment at Renaissance Ranch was far more transformative than the other twelve-step programs he attended.

“The difference was the spiritual component,” Coombs said.

“That it was Christian based. It was faith based. I was in group with other men who were seeking a spiritual path.”

Early in his time at Renaissance Ranch, Coombs struggled to find a connection with God. “Step three is to turn my will and my life over to the care of that power or to God, and it was a struggle for me because I didn’t trust him,” Coombs said. “ I didn’t trust him, and I knew

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he didn’t trust me. How do you really link up and become best friends all of a sudden when there’s just no trust?”

A counselor suggested he make a list describing his ideal creator.

“I want you to pull out a piece of paper, and I want you to write down the characteristics and attributes and hobbies of what your ideal higher power would look like if you could create one,” his counselor said. “Just put everything aside that you think you know or you thought you were taught and just start over.”

Coombs said this invitation made the process of describing God easy for him.

“I put down things like, well, I want him to ski,” Coombs said.

“I want him to play the guitar. I want him to be OK with me calling him dude, you know. I want him to be personable. I want him to have a good sense of humor.”

Coombs looked down deep in thought, swallowed hard, moved his tongue around in his mouth and said: “I want him to be all-forgiving.”

His eyes filled with tears, and his voice began to falter.

“And all-loving.”

Coombs gave his counselor the list, she reviewed it, and she asked if he felt like he could believe in this newly-discovered God. “She gave me permission to develop my own relationship with my creator, and even today, I still save him a seat on the

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ski lift,” Coombs said. “Because I know that he’s with me. He loves it, he loves what I love to do. You know, when I’m in there playing my guitar, I know he’s singing right alongside me.”

After making a list of his ideal creator’s attributes, Coombs went to the basement of the facility and knelt in prayer.

“I had some resentments as well because of the things I had gone through,” Coombs said. “I lost my kid. I lost my wife. I lost my freedom. I lost a lot, all because of addiction. ‘Why do I have addiction?’ I asked. “Why did I get cursed with addiction when my other friends tried it, too, and they didn’t become homeless junkies?’”

Coombs uttered an angry but heartfelt prayer.

“My words were as real and as honest as they’ve ever been,” Coombs said. “And you know what? As the poison flowed out, the love flowed in. And since that day, I’ve known that no matter what I do or what I’ve done that he’ll always love me.”

Coombs’ renaissance has come full circle. He’s remarried and has a pair of tiny newborn daughters. He runs the Renaissance Addiction Treatment Center in Meridian and has had all of his privileges in the LDS Church restored.

Coombs said Christ has made his wonderful life possible.

“Had I gone to more treatment facilities that weren’t faithbased, I don’t know if I would have had the same experience,” Coombs said. “I really don’t. Maybe I would have, but I know that it wouldn’t have happened as deeply, and it definitely wouldn’t have happened as quickly.”

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Mental Health

The Reality, Stigma and Recovery L a R RY B R a D L E Y, LC S W

Director of Behavioral Health at Grand Peaks Community Health Center

September is National Suicide Prevention Awareness month. As I’ve reflected on this topic of suicide, and mental health awareness in general, I feel the need to share thoughts of hope and encouragement for those coping with mental health issues, while also emphasizing the need to get help to more people.

Mental health statistics can serve to either inform us or overwhelm us.

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration es-

timates that about 45 million Americans will experience a mental health issue this year, with anxiety and depression being the most commonly reported. According to the national Alliance on Mental Illness, approximately 56 percent of adults and 50 percent of children with a mental illness WILL nOT receive mental health services. This statistic is unfortunate.

Over time we’ve come to understand that many factors contribute to mental health issues, including: •

A family history of mental health complaints or issues

•

One’s life experiences, such as trauma, and may include abuse & neglect

•

Biological factors, such as genetics and/or chemical imbalances in the brain

Although humans are extremely resilient, no one is immune to having

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episodes of sadness, anxiety, grief, and loss. These days, it seems that more of us are struggling with day to day activities as a result of a blend of depression and anxiety, the two most common mental health ailments. How we rebound from depressive or anxious episodes depends on several factors related to the sum of our life experiences, our environment, and our biology, to name a few.

Several factors cause people to avoid using mental health services; time, money, distance from treatment providers, and often the stigma of going to counseling, causes some to avoid reaching out. In addition, quite frankly, depression and anxiety physically hurts the body. Occasionally, patients report having an unpleasant first, or even second, encounter in therapy which caused them to be hesitant to want to try again. The relationship between the

counselor and the patient is arguably as important as the professional’s therapeutic skills, if not more so. This makes finding a therapist you feel you can relate with essential to having a positive experience.

It has become widely accepted that taking care of your mental health is equally important to taking care of your physical health. Overall wellness includes balanced and nutritional diet patterns, exercise, regulating stress, accessing mental health services when needed, and taking time to connect with family and friends.

Regarding the stigma associated with accessing mental health care, the quickest way to reduce it is with familiarity. The long-held notion that talking about suicide or other mental health issues provokes or triggers those who otherwise would not have attempted to harm themselves or

have a mental health issue is typically untrue. With the topic of mental illness, we’ve come a long way as a society but there are still barriers to remove, both financial and social.

The good news is that people can and do recover from mental illnesses! Patients who were reluctant to come to therapy often report feeling better after a few visits. Just as when you are physically injured, emotional pain also requires attention. As mentioned earlier, for some the perceived and actual costs may form a barrier to those considering accessing mental health services.

If this is the case for you or someone you care about, I encourage having a discussion about payment options with the provider to determine if there are payment plans, alternative forms of payment such as a sliding scale fee option, or reduced payments, based on ability to pay.

I encourage anyone reading this

article to analyze your situation, or that of someone important to you, so that if help is needed, make that call. Remember, none of us are immune to periodic mental illness episodes. We can and do recover from mental health struggles.

Whether it be for us or for someone we love, we can all use a little help from time to time.

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Mental health issues and substance abuse are two sides of the same coin Stock photo

L is a S mit h

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Mental Health issues and substance abuse often go hand in hand, reports the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

“Certain illegal drugs can cause people with an addiction to experience one or more symptoms of a mental health problem,” it said. “Mental health problems can sometimes lead to alcohol or drug use, as some people with a mental health problem may misuse these substances as a form of self-medication. “Mental and substance use disorders share some underlying causes, including changes in brain composition, genetic vulnerabilities and early exposure to stress or trauma.”

The organization reports that more than one in four adults live with a serious mental health issue while also suffering from a substance abuse issue.

It noted that those suffering from depression, anxiety, schizophrenia and personality disorders often experience substance use disorders. Such substance use disorders often include the overuse of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis (marijuana,), stimulants, hallucinogens and opioids.

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration says such disorders occur when the ongoing overuse of drugs and alcohol causes a significant impairment. This includes health problems, disability and the inability to meet major commitments and responsibilities at home, work or school.

“A diagnosis of substance use disorder is based on evidence of

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impaired control, social impairment, risky use and pharmacological criteria,” it said.

The organization cited the Centers for Disease Control as reporting 88,000 alcohol related deaths in the United States annually. It also noted the national Survey on Drug Use and Health that showed around 52.7 percent of Americans from the age of 12 on up reported current use of alcohol.

“Most people drink in moderation. However, of those 176.6 million alcohol users, an estimated 17 million have alcohol use disorder,” it reported.

The CDC also notes tobacco use as a disorder. It reports that 480,000 deaths are caused annually in the United States by cigarettes.

“Tobacco use and smoking use and smoking do damage to nearly every organ in the human body, often leading to lung cancer, respiratory disorders, heart disease, stroke and other illnesses,” it said.

It also estimated that 66.9 million Americans from the age of 12 on up use some type of tobacco product.

The CDC reports that cannabis or marijuana is the most used drug after alcohol and tobacco. Around 22.2 million people report using it. Around 4.2 million Americans suffered from marijuana substance abuse in 2016.

“Marijuana’s immediate effects include distorted perception, difficulty with thinking and problem solving and loss of motor coordination,” it said. “Long-term use of the drug can contribute to respiratory infection, impaired memory, and exposure to cancer-causing compounds. Heavy marijuana use in youth has also been linked to increased risk for developing mental illness and poorer cognitive functioning.”

The disorder limits a person’s ability to function and causes ongoing cravings for the drug. Withdrawal symptoms include difficulty in sleeping, restlessness, nervousness, anger and depression after only just a week after stopping.

The organization reports that stimulants have often been prescribed to treat obesity, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and depression. Often these medications are used illegally.

“The most commonly abused stimulants are amphetamines, methamphetamine and cocaine,” it reported. “Stimulants can be synthetic (such as amphetamines) or can be plant-derived (such as cocaine). They are usually taken orally, snorted or intravenously.

The CDC reports continued use of such drugs interferes with social functioning and major obligations. Those who go off the drugs often experience tiredness, nightmares, large appetites and difficulty controlling their movements.

The organization reports that hallucinogens produce “visual

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and auditory hallucinations, feelings of detachment from one’s environment and oneself, and distortions in time and perception.”

The organization estimated that in 2014 about 246,000 Americans relied on the drugs. Symptoms of the disorder include cravings, inability to control the use of, interference in social functions and impaired driving.

“Recovery is never out of reach, no matter how hopeless your situation seems. Change is possible with the right treatment and support, and by addressing the root cause of your addiction. Don’t give up—even if you’ve tried and failed before. The road to recovery often involves bumps, pitfalls, and setbacks. But by examining the problem and thinking about change, you’re already on your way.”

Centers for Disease Control Those suffering from opioid use disorder have often developed an addiction to a drug originally legally prescribed to reduce pain. The overuse causes drowsiness, confusion, euphoria, nausea and constipation, says the CDC. “Illegal opioid drugs, such as heroin and legally available pain relievers such as oxycodone and hydorcodone can cause serious health effects,” it said.

Overuse results in negative feelings, nausea, vomiting, muscle aches, diarrhea, fever and insomnia, said the CDC. It also reported that users often rely on the drugs to experience feelings of euphoria. Doing so often causes users to fatally overdose.

“Overdoses with opioid pharmaceuticals led to almost 17,000 deaths in 2011,” it said. “Since 1999, opiate overdose deaths have increased 265% among men and 400% among women.

In 2014, an estimated 1.9 million people had an opioid use disorder related to prescription pain relievers and an estimated 586,000 had an opioid use disorder related to heroin use.”

Despite the negative statistics, it is possible to overcome a substance abuse addiction, says helpguide.org.

“Recovery is never out of reach, no matter how hopeless your situation seems,” it said. “Change is possible with the right treatment and support, and by addressing the root cause of your addiction. Don’t give up—even if you’ve tried and failed before.

The road to recovery often involves bumps, pitfalls, and setbacks.

But by examining the problem and thinking about change, you’re already on your way.”

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The first step for those wanting to overcome substance abuse addictions is to decide to make the change. That involves changing the way a person has dealt with stress, deciding who to let into their lives, deciding what to do with free time and reviewing how that person thinks about himself.

“Recovery requires time, motivation and support, and it’s okay to consider your situation before you make the commitment to change,” the web page said.

It urges those trying to overcome substance abuse to set goals and to let loved ones know about your efforts.

“Treatment success depends on developing a new way of living and addressing the reasons why you turned to drugs in the first place,” it said. “For example, your drug dependency may have developed from an inability to manage stress, in which case you’ll need to find healthy ways to handle stressful situations.”

Those recovering from substance abuse addiction need to find a treatment that works for them. While counseling and support groups work for one, others require medical intervention and inpatient treatment.

“Your best chance of recovery is through integrated treatment,” it said. “This means getting combined mental health and addiction treatment from the same treatment provider or team.”

The web page urged recovering addicts to learn ways to handle stress without resorting to drugs.

“Did you start using to numb painful emotions, calm yourself after an argument, unwind after a bad day or forget about your problems?” it said. “Once you’re sober, the negative feelings that you dampened with drugs will resurface. For treatment to be successful, you’ll first need to resolve your underlying issues.”

Healthy ways to cope with stress include taking up exercises, getting outside on a regular basis, adopting a pet, breathing in the scent of fresh flowers, closing your eyes and imagining a peaceful scene and pampering yourself with a massage or a hot bath.

It also urged to keep cravings in check, to avoid friends still using drugs and to steer clear of bars. It also suggested being cautious when using prescription drugs that might have caused the problem in the first place. It also urged those recovering from drug use to take up reading, go to the movies or to develop a fun hobby that will keep them so busy they won’t have time – or an interest – in illegal drugs.

“You can support your drug treatment and protect yourself from relapse by having activities and interests that provide meaning to your life,” the web page said. “It’s important to be involved in things that you enjoy and make you feel needed. When your life is filled with rewarding activities and a sense of purpose, your addiction will lose its appeal.”

For more information on overcoming addiction, log on to www.helpguide.org.

Anxiety and medical support

Laya the dog who helped V ictoria Var n edoe

Health and Wellness Contributor

Rachael Reynolds, a local freshman studying cosmetology at Evans Hairstyling School, was trying to sleep when she woke up to a strange sensation, her dog Laya was licking her sides.

The next morning while at church pain washed over Reynolds. Frozen in agony, she was swarmed by many of the congregation questioning her condition. Once at the emergency room the culprit was discovered, ovarian cysts.

Recent studies have shown that dogs can be used not only as emotional support but can also discover internal ailments like cancer and cysts.

When Reynolds was a young girl her mother began to notice something was off about her.

“I always felt like kids were talking behind my back,” Reynolds said. “I just felt so alone and I would get anxiety pretty easily.”

Reynolds’ mom realized her daughter had an anxiety disorder.

According to a study commissioned

by ADAA and published by “The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry,” “Anxiety disorders cost the U.S. more than $42 billion a year, almost one-third of the country’s $148 billion total mental health bill.”

And in January a study done by Hector Guerrero-Flores and his colleagues called “A Non-Invasive Tool for Detecting Cervical Cancer Odor by Trained Scent Dogs,” found that a trained male beagle was more than 90% accurate when trying to detect cervical cancer.

After consulting with a physician about possible options for her child the doctor recommended an emotional support animal.

“So he told her a little bit about emotional support animals and how they’re pretty much an animal that connects to the person,” said Reynolds. “So it doesn’t have to be a certain breed, it

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No particular breed of canine makes the ideal service dog. Certain breeds are chosen for particular service needs.

For example, a person with mobility issues who requires a large dog for providing support when moving around may need a large breed, such as a mastiff or a St. Bernard. However, smaller breeds may work out well when it comes to a psychiatric service dog or one that provides emotional support and therapy. Very often smaller breeds are brought into senior homes to be used as therapy dogs and provide company. Cavalier King Charles spaniels and poodles may work well in such situations.

As with all service dogs, it is best to find one that has had formal training. Typically training will take six months, and usually animals that will work in a service capacity will be trained from puppyhood. Service dogs are socialized in a home environment and learn to operate in different situations. Unacceptable behavior, such as weariness around people, fear of home appliances and other items help handlers weed out poor candidates. Official training will begin when a dog reaches around a year of age.

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doesn’t have to have any training, it just has to be an animal that connects with you,” Reynolds was in seventh grade when her family gave her a miniature dachshund named Laya as a Christmas gift.

The national Service Animal Registry has more than 150,000 registered emotional support animals as of March 29, 2017.

Reynolds was officially diagnosed with an anxiety disorder when she was 16 years old.

According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, Panic Disorder affects 6 million adults or 2.7% of the U.S. population and women are at two times more likely to be affected.

“I probably would’ve gone sooner but I didn’t want to because I didn’t want them to tell me that I was crazy or I was weird or something else that was going on.”

According to nate Reese, a Disabilities Service Administrator on campus at

Brigham Young University-Idaho, of all the students enrolled at BYU-I with anxiety, depression or PTSD only about half actually publicly let the office know they have a disability and need accommodations.

Looking at the numbers that’s 445 students. The other half of those students don’t disclose their conditions, Reese says because of the stigma surrounding mental illness.

Some students have said that they were worried it would be on their permanent record, or their future employers might find out, said Reese.

“On Sunday I was at early morning sacrament meeting and I was in so much pain that I just started crying,” said Reynolds.

Luckily for Reynolds her ward had several doctors in the congregation.

“So I’m lying on this table, just like a little classroom table, and they’re all like poking at my side and it was my right side,” said Reynolds. “Everyone was like it’s her ap-

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pendix.”

After the general consensus was made, Reynolds was rushed to the hospital where she was told it wasn’t appendicitis but an ovarian cyst that had ruptured.

According to Animal Planet, in 2006 a medical study at the Pine Street Foundation in California successfully trained dogs to sniff out cancer with an 88 percent success rate detecting breast cancer and a 97 percent accuracy rate detecting lung cancer.

“It didn’t really click that that was what she was doing until after it happened the next time,” said Reynolds.

Reynolds claims that since she was about 15 years old she has had an ovarian cyst about every three months and Laya always knows the night before as well as which ovary will hurt.

“She just knows how to take care of me like nobody else could,” said Reynolds.

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Health & Wellness

Fall 2017

Suicide: We need to talk a Da M JaC O B S

ajacobs@uvsj.com

There is a silent killer that is robbing Idaho of some of its most precious people.

Suicide is the second leading cause of death for Idahoans between the ages of 15 and 34 and is also the second leading cause of death for Idaho boys between 10 and 14 years old, according to a January 2017 report from the Idaho Department of Health and Welfare.

The same report revealed that between 2011 and 2015, 14 people in Madison County and eight people in Fremont County took their own lives. Within that same time frame Jefferson County reported 21 suicides, and Bonneville County reported 113.

Rick Croft, clinical director for Madison Cares, says all of those numbers are too high.

“We can’t forget these numbers are people’s lives,” he said.

“It’s sad that we have to be talking about a number greater than zero.”

The Standard Journal and Madison Cares have teamed up this month to help change perceptions and break the stigma of discussing suicide.

September is national Suicide Prevention and Awareness Month, a time when the community is reminded that no one is immune to poor mental health, which can lead to suicide. It’s also a reminder that suicide is the one cause of death that, according to Croft, is completely preventable.

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Croft said one of the biggest myths that many people believe about suicide is that if you talk about it with someone, you’re putting the idea in their head.

“A lot of research shows that it’s not true,” he said. “The more we can get someone talking about that, the less likely it is suicide will become an option. It’s like relieving pressure from a pressure cooker. It just lets go of those feelings that they can share with someone. For instance, even if you’re thinking someone is having those thoughts, if I say, ‘Are you having suicidal thoughts?’ The perception is that I’ve put it in their head, but just the opposite is true. Our research and data supports that.”

Croft said he has come to understand that those who have had suicidal thoughts are appreciative that someone would

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take the time to talk with them. He said it may seem uncomfortable or awkward, but “they will really appreciate you showing you care about them.”

“To hear people tell stories of their struggle and hear them say, ‘What made a difference is when somebody said to me, “Are you OK? Are you depressed? Are you having thoughts of suicide?”

I can’t even begin to thank that person enough and show gratitude to see if I was OK, which got me started on the path to turn around,’” Croft said.

When someone shares that they’ve had suicidal thoughts, the person they share them with might not know what to do next.

Croft says the best thing to do is learn now what resources there are that they can get help with.

“Specifically to parents, it’s so much easier to ask their child how their school day went,” he said. “It’s much more difficult to ask about their mood or their feelings that day. Sometimes those questions get overlooked or go unspoken for fear of what the answer will be. In the situation where a person asks the question and the response is, ‘Yes, I’m having those thoughts,’ I understand right now for that parent it can be really scary. They might not know what to do. It’s important for them to know what resources are available in the community for them and their child to go get help.”

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Panic attacks

According to the National Institute of Mental Health, panic disorder is a type of anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks.

Panic attacks occur suddenly and are periods of intense fear that may include palpitations, pounding heartbeat and/or accelerated heart rate. People in the midst of a panic attack may also experience shortness of breath or feel as though they are choking or being smothered. Feelings of impending doom may also occur during a panic attack. Anxiety disorders, including panic disorders, may be caused by the interaction of certain genetic and environmental factors. These factors include behavioral inhibition in childhood, exposure to stressful life events in childhood and adulthood, anxiety disorders in close biological relatives and a parental history of mental disorders. Anxiety disorders are generally treated with psychotherapy or medication, or a combination of both.

Croft said helping people understand that suicide is not a taboo subject is critical in preventing it from becoming a more common occurrence among all age groups. A 2015 report from the Bureau of Vital Records and Health Statistics showed that suicides happen nearly just as often in adults as in children. Another 2015 study shared by the Suicide Prevention Action network of Idaho revealed one in five Idaho youth attending a regular public and charter high schools reported seriously considering suicide that year, with 1 in 10 reporting having made at least one attempt.

Croft said that if one person’s life is saved through having the courage to ask if someone needs help, it’s worth it.

“The biggest thing in play is hope,” he said. “There are individuals who get to a point in their lives where they’ve lost hope, and ending their lives becomes an option. I think when it becomes a choice for them; they’ve lost awareness of all the resources available to them. They feel there’s no hope, no one to turn to, and no one they can talk to.

“I think we need to get people talking. We’re up against myths, stigmas and general perceptions that if I’m in that place in my life, there’s nowhere to turn. no matter how down and low you are, there’s always hope. There’s still people out there who care who can step in and support that person.”

If you know someone who has considered suicide, it’s time to get help. Start by going to www.mymadisoncares.com to find local resources that can aid in preventing suicide.

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Fall 2017

Eating disorders LISa SMITh

lsmith@uvsj.com

When it comes to eating, Americans have a love-hate relationship with food. They either eat too much or not enough.

That is evidenced by health officials concerns about what’s referred to as the “obesity epidemic” to those who shy away from food causing for such disorders as anorexia.

The Center for Disease Control reports that about 36.5 percent of American adults suffer from obesity. As a result, they may also suffer from heart disease, Type 2 Diabetes and some cancers all of which are the causes of preventable death, it said.

“The estimated annual medical cost of obesity in the U.S. was $147 billion in 2008 U.S. dollars; the medical costs for people who have obesity were $1,429 higher than those of normal weight,” the CDC reported.

The organization also reported that American children also suffer from obesity and that 17 percent or 12.7 million children suffer from the disease.

The American Heart Association cites Dr. Donna H. Ryan of the Louisiana state University’s Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton rouge who says obesity proves a highly complex biologic system.

Ryan says that the stomach, intestines, fat and the pancreas send signals to the brain telling someone they’re hungry and causing them to eat. Eventually, those same signals tell them to stop eating.

While overeating is the main cause of obesity, there are other reasons why people become obese. The national Heart, Lung and Blood Institute reports there are genetic reasons why some people gain excessive weight. Various endocrine disorders such as hypothyroidism where the body produces low levels of thyroid hormones causes weight gain. Cushing’s Syndrome causes high levels of cortisol that results in an increase in appetite. Tumors near the brain may cause people to overeat. Fortunately, there is medicine available for these diseases.

According to helpguide.org, people with healthy bodies will eat for emotional reasons thus the term “emotional eating.”

“Emotional eating (or stress eating) is using food to make yourself feel better— eating to satisfy emotional needs, rather than to satisfy physical hunger. You might reach for a pint of ice cream when you’re feeling down, order a pizza if you’re bored or lonely or swing by the drive-through after a stressful day at work,” according to helpguide.org.

It explains that emotional eating often comes on suddenly whereas physical hunger is a gradual process. It also craves specific “comfort foods” like a candy bar or a pizza. It also causes for what it refers to as “mindless eating” where a person finds

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“This is called the homeostatic system,” Ryan said. “(It’s) why we get hungry at regular intervals during the day but don’t get hungry at night when we’re sleeping.”

Ryan points out the “reward system” the body creates that causes someone to crave food - even if they’re not hungry. She explains that sometimes it’s just seeing or smelling food that motivates someone to chow down.

“Think of your experience in a restaurant after a meal when the dessert cart comes by,” Ryan said.

Obviously, the main cause of obesity is overeating. WebMD reports that much of the increase began about 40 years ago.

The web page cited Boyd Swinburn, Population Health and Director of the World Health Organizations and his collaboration with the Centre for Obesity Preventions .

“There have been a lot of assumptions that both reduced physical activity and increased energy intake have been major drivers of the obesity epidemic,” he said. “This study demonstrates that the weight gain in the American population seems to be virtually all explained by eating more calories. It appears that changes in physical activity played a minimal role.”

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themselves eating an entire pint of ice cream without realizing it.

“When you’re eating in response to physical hunger, you’re typically more aware of what you’re doing,” it reported.

The web page explains that emotional eating doesn’t make someone feel full and instead leaves the person wanting more.

The hunger pains never go away as someone eating is “focused on specific textures, tastes and smells” rather than food.

The web page says emotional eating often leaves someone feeling incredibly guilty.

“When you eat to satisfy physical hunger, you’re unlikely to feel guilty or ashamed because you’re simply giving your body what it needs. If you feel guilty after you eat, it’s likely because you know deep down that you’re not eating for nutritional reasons,” it said.

On the flip side of obesity, is the refusal to eat for various reasons.

The Mayo Clinic reports that those types of eating disorders involve anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge-eating.

The clinic cites society’s definition of a beautiful person as only being a slender person for influencing someone to stop eating.

“Success and worth are often equated with being thin in popular culture. Peer pressure and what people see in the media may fuel this desire to be thin,” it said.

Anorexia nervosa proves life-threatening as the person suffer-

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ing goes to extraordinary measures to limit calories. They also exercise too much or use laxatives, diet aids or after eating vomit to control weight gains.

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Fall 2017

cause severe health problems, sometimes to the point of deadly self-starvation,” it writes.

The Mayo Clinic reports that Bulimia is also a life threatening illness. In this case a person routinely throws up after eating.

“When you have bulimia, you have episodes of bingeing and purging that involve feeling a lack of control over your eating,” it writes.

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The clinic says that those suffering with the illness limit their eating during the day. This only leads to binge eating and purging.

Guilt over eating excessively and worries of gaining weight motivate someone to throw up after eating. Just like those suffering from anorexia, they also exercise excessively.

Binge-eating, as the name implies, involves eating excessively.

It means eating a lot of food very fast and eating more food than necessary. The victim of this doesn’t try to throw up or over exercise but instead eats alone to hide the bingeing.

“A new round of bingeing usually occurs at least once a week.

You may be normal weight, overweight or obese.

Helpguide.org says to overcome an eating disorder is to accept that fact that you have one. “ This admission can be tough, especially if you’re still clinging to the belief—even in the back of your mind—that weight loss is the key to happiness, confidence, and success. Even when you finally understand this isn’t true, old habits are still hard to break,” it said. “The good news is that the eating disorder behaviors you’ve learned can be unlearned if you’re motivated to change and willing to ask for help. However, overcoming an eating disorder is about more than giving up unhealthy eating behaviors. It’s also about rediscovering who you are beyond your eating habits, weight, and body image.”

It urges those with an eating disorder to find someone to lean on such as a close friend, family member, counselor or doctor.

Support groups also help and sometimes inpatient help is needed.

Long term nutritional guidelines may be needed as well as learning to identify triggers that cause for the problem.

“Are you more likely to revert to your old, destructive behaviors during the holidays, exam week, or swimsuit season? Know what your triggers are, and have a plan for dealing with them, such as going to therapy more often or asking for extra support from family and friends,” it said.

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It also suggests learning to accept yourself and to not compare yourself to a model on the cover of a magazine.

It suggested making a list of both positive emotional and physical qualities.

“Remind yourself that nobody’s perfect,” HelpGuide said. “Even supermodels get airbrushed.”

For more information on guides to overcome eating disorders log on to www.helpguide.org/articles/eating-disorders/.

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“Placing too much importance on how you look leads to low self-esteem and insecurity,” it said.

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Mental Health Care Providers Brannon and Brannon 534 Trejo Street Suite 100 Rexburg, ID 83440 (208) 356-3776 Benjamin Rolph, LMFT LDS Marriage & Family Therapist 218 Dividend Dr. #3 Rexburg, ID (208) 206-7275 Insurance: Medicaid, Private

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South Fork Services 310 N. 2nd E. Suite 128 Rexburg, ID 82440 (208) 356-5675 Trevor Rasmussen, LCSW 859 S. Hwy 191 #202 (208) 227-3549 Tueller Counseling Services 343 E. 4th N. Suite 231 Rexburg, ID 83440 (208) 656-4017 OR 295 N. 3855 E. Rigby, ID 83442 (208) 745-5205 (208) 524-7400 Insurance: Medicaid Grand Peaks Medical Address: 20 N 3rd E. St. Anthony, ID 83445 (208) 624-4100 Upper Valley Friendship Club 359 S. 5th W. Rexburg, ID (208) 344-6611 Upper Valley Resource & Counseling 1223 S. Railroad Ave. Sugar City, ID 83440 (208) 359-0519 www.uvrCC.com Insurance: Medicaid, Blue Cross, DMBA, BPA National Suicide Lifeline 1-800-273-TALK

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Fall 2017