usa by emilio nisivoccia

USA. Territorio, ciudad y arquitectura

1) Territorio de las Trece colonias; 2) Territorios anexionados en 1773; 3) Territorios adquiridos a Francia en 1803 y anexiรณn de Florida en 1812; 4) Colonizaciรณn del Nordeste; 5) Territorios conquistados a Mexico en 1849; 6) Rectificaciรณn de fronteras en 1853. Las cifras indican la fecha de constituciรณn de los Estados de la Uniรณn.

América del Norte. Mapa físico

Canal Erie

"The Great Race for the Western Stakes, 1870," Cornelius Vanderbilt versus James Fisk; Currier & Ives lithograph.

1820. New York …………………..152.000 Baltimore……………………68.000 Philadelphia……………….65.000 Boston………………………..43.000 New Orleans……………….27.000

1870. New York …………………..1.478.000 Philadelphia……........……674.000 Saint Louis………………....311.000 Chicago……………………..299.000 Baltimore………………..….267.000 Boston……………………....251.000

James Bogardus James Bogardus, March 14, 1800. Catskill, New York. April 13, 1874 (aged 74), New York City Buildings still standing 63 Nassau Street 254 Canal Street 75 Murray Street 85 Leonard Street Iron Clad Building, Cooperstown, New York (92 Main St, Cooperstown, NY)

James Bogardus, cast-iron factory, New York City, 1848-50

Frank Furness (November 12, 1839 - June 27, 1912)

Philadelphia buildings Northern Savings Fund Society Building, 1871-72.[10] Thomas Hockley house, 1875. Parish House, St. Luke's Church, Philadelphia, c. 1875. Gatehouses, Philadelphia Zoological Gardens, 1875-76.[11] Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, 1876. Centennial National Bank, 1876 (now Paul Peck Alumni Center, Drexel University). Kensington National Bank, 1877.[12] Knowlton (William H. Rhawn mansion), 1881. Undine Barge Club, 1882-83.[13] First Unitarian Church of Philadelphia, 1885. University of Pennsylvania Library, 1891 (now the Anne and Jerome Fisher Fine Arts Library). Mortuary Chapel, Mount Sinai Cemetery (Frankford), 1891-92. Horace Jayne house, 1895.[14] Girard Trust Company Building, 1907 (now The Ritz-Carlton Philadelphia) constructed for the Girard Trust Company.[15][16] Germantown Unitarian Church, 1866-67[17] Rodef Shalom Synagogue, 1868-69.[18] Thomas and H. Pratt McKean townhouses, 1923-25 Walnut St., 1869, demolished 1897 and 1920s. Lutheran Church of the Holy Communion, 1870-75.[19] Guarantee Trust and Safe Deposit Company, 1875.[20] Brazilian Section, Main Exhibition Building, Centennial Exposition (1876). Church of the Redeemer for Seamen and their Families, 1878.[21] Provident Life & Trust Company, 1879.[22] Library Company of Philadelphia Building, 1879-80.[23] Reliance Insurance Company Building, 1881-82.[24] National Bank of the Republic (later Philadelphia Clearing House), 1883-84.[25] Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Station (24th Street Station), 1886-88.[26] Alexander J. Cassatt townhouse, 202 West Rittenhouse Square, c. 1888. Broad Street Station, Pennsylvania Railroad, 1892-93.[27] Arcade Building and pedestrian bridge to Broad Street Station, 1901-02.[28] Grubb Cottage (E. Burd Grubb Estate), Burlington, New Jersey, 1872 Lindenshade (Horace Howard Furness house), Wallingford, PA, 1873 (demolished 1940).[29][30] Fairholme (Fairman Rogers mansion) Carriage House, Newport, Rhode Island, 1874-1875 (now Jean and David W. Wallace Hall, Salve Regina University).[31] J. F. Fryer cottage, Cape May, New Jersey, 1878-79.[32] Emlen Physick house, Cape May, New Jersey, 1879.[33] Wallingford Station, Wallingford, Pennsylvania, c. 1880. Dolobran (Clement A. Griscom mansion), Haverford, Pennsylvania, 1881.[34] St. Michael's Protestant Episcopal Church, Birdsboro, Pennsylvania, 1884-85.[35] Sixth Pennsylvania Cavalry (Rush's Lancers) Monument, Gettysburg Battlefield, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, 1888.[36] Idlewild (Frank Furness house), Idlewild Lane, Media, PA (c. 1888) Williamson Free School of Mechanical Trades, Elwyn, Pennsylvania, 1889-90.[37] Baldwin School (built as the second Bryn Mawr Hotel), Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, 1890.[38] Church of Our Father, Hull's Cove, Mount Desert Island, Maine, 1890-91.[39] Recitation Hall, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 1891.[40] New Castle Public Library, New Castle, Delaware, 1892 (now Old Library Museum, New Castle Historical Society).[41] Merion Cricket Club, Haverford, Pennsylvania (Allen Evans, Furness's partner, is credited with the design), 1896-97.[42] "All Hallows Church, Wyncote, Pennsylvania, 1897.". Retrieved September 29, 2010. Haverford School, Haverford, Pennsylvania, 1902.[43] [edit]Three adjacent buildings in Wilmington, Delaware Reputed to be the largest grouping of Furness-designed railroad buildings. Water Street Station, Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, ca. 1887.[44]

Library, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from the west.

Library, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

National Bank of the Republic (later Philadelphia Clearing House), 313 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (1883-84, demolished), Frank Furness, architect

Henry Hobson Richardson (September 29, 1838 – April 27, 1886)

Henry Hobson Richardson (1838 - 1886) arquitecto estadounidense cuyo trabajo tuvo un significativo impacto en Boston, Pittsburgh, Albany y Chicago, entre otras ciudades. Aplicó la tendencia ecléctica y difundir las enseñanzas de la Academia de Bellas Artes de su país. Fue el responsable de la difusión en su país, el estilo neorománico conocido como "románico Richardson". Nacido en Louisiana, primero estudió en Harvard. En 1859, se radicó un tiempo en París. A su regreso en 1865, fundó una firma de arquitectura en Boston.

1867 Grace Episcopal Church - Medford, MA 1868 Benjamin W. Crowninshield House - Boston, MA 1868 H. H. Richardson House - Clifton, Staten Island, NY 1868 Alexander Dallas Bache Monument - Washington, DC 1868 William Dorsheimer House - Buffalo, NY 1869 Brattle Square Church (now First Baptist Church) - Boston, MA 1869 New York State Asylum - Buffalo, NY 1871 Hampden County Courthouse - Springfield, MA 1871 North Congregational Church - Springfield, MA 1872 Trinity Church - Boston, MA (National Historic Landmark) 1874 William Watts Sherman House - Newport, RI 1875 Hayden Building - Boston, MA 1875 R. and F. Cheney Building - Hartford, CT 1875 New York State Capitol - Albany, NY 1876 Rev. Henry Eglinton Montgomery Memorial - New York, NY 1876 Winn Memorial Library - Woburn, MA 1877 Oliver Ames Free Library - North Easton, MA 1878 Sever Hall - Cambridge, MA 1879 Oakes Ames Memorial Town Hall - North Easton, MA 1879 Rectory for Trinity Church - Boston, MA 1879 Ames Monument - Sherman, WY 1880 F.L. Ames Gate Lodge - North Easton, MA 1880 Bridge in Fenway Park - Boston, MA 1880 Stony Brook Gatehouse - Boston, MA 1880 Thomas Crane Public Library - Quincy, MA (National Historic Landmark) 1880 Dr. John Bryant House - Cohasset, MA 1880 City Hall - Albany, NY 1881 Austin Hall - Cambridge, MA 1881 Boston & Albany Railroad Station - Palmer, MA 1881 Pruyn Monument - Albany, NY 1881 Rev. Percy Browne House - Marion, MA 1881 Old Colony Railroad Station - North Easton, MA 1882 Grange Sard, Jr., House - Albany, NY 1882 Mary Fiske Stoughton House - Cambridge, MA 1883 Billings Memorial Library - Burlington, VT 1883 Emmanuel Episcopal Church - Pittsburgh, PA 1883 Connecticut River Railroad Station - Holyoke, MA 1883 Allegheny County Buildings - Pittsburgh, PA 1883 Robert Treat Paine House - Waltham, MA 1883 Boston & Albany Railroad Station - Framingham, MA 1884 Boston & Albany Railroad Station (Woodland, part of Newton) - Newton, MA 1884 F.L. Ames Gardener's Cottage - North Easton, MA 1884 Immanuel Baptist Church - Newton, MA 1884 Ephraim W. Gurney House - Beverly, MA 1885 Converse Memorial Building/Library - Malden, MA (National Historic Landmark) 1885 Benjamin H. Warder House - Washington, DC 1885 Bagley Memorial Fountain - Detroit, MI 1885 John J. Glessner House - Chicago, IL (National (National Historic Landmark) Landmark) 1885 Marshall Field's Wholesale Store - Chicago, IL 1885 Boston & Albany Railroad Station - Wellesley Hills, MA 1885 Union Passenger Station - New London, CT 1885 Emmanuel Episcopal Church, Pittsburgh, PA 1886 Lululaund or the Sir Hubert von Herkomer House - Bushey, Hertfordshire, England

Walt Whitman (West Hills, condado de Suffolk, Nueva York, 31 de mayo de 1819 – Camden, Nueva Jersey, 26 de marzo de 1892), fue un poeta, ensayista, periodista y humanista estadounidense.

Frederick Jackson Turner (November 14, 1861 – March 14, 1932) was an American historian in the early 20th century. He is best known for his essay "The Significance of the Frontier in American History", whose ideas are referred to as the Frontier Thesis. He is also known for his theories of geographical sectionalism. In recent years western history has seen pitched arguments over his Frontier Thesis, with the only point of agreement being his enormous impact on historical scholarship and the American mind.

Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803 – 1882) fue un escritor, filósofo y poeta estadounidense. Líder del movimiento del trascendentalismo a principios del siglo XIX. Sus enseñanzas contribuyeron al desarrollo del movimiento del Nuevo Pensamiento, a mediados del siglo XIX.

HH Richardson: Ames Gate Lodge, North Easton, MA, 1880-81

Henry Hobson Richardson. EL EDIFICIO "MARSHALL FIELDS STORE“. 1890.

CHICAGO 1833

Birdâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; s Eye View Of The Buisness District Of Chicago. 1898. Library of Congress Geography and Map Division Washington, D.C.

Ferrocarril elevado sobre el Loop de Chicago.

Valores del suelo. Terreno en South Water esquina Clark street.

1832……………..100 U$ 1834……………..3.000 U$ 1835……………..15.000 U$ 1848……………..30.000 U$

"The Great Chicago Fire was a conflagration that burned from Sunday, October 8, to early Tuesday, October 10, 1871, killing hundreds and destroying about 4 square miles (10 km2) in Chicago, Illinois."

Sistema “baloon frame”

Patente del ascensor de Otis, 1853.

Foundations and foundation walls, for all classes of buildings, pile drivings, building stones & bricks, pier and wall construction, mortars, limes, cements, concretes, stuccos, etc. 64 illustrations. By George T. Powell. To which is added a treatise on foundations, with practical illustrations of the method of isolated piers, as followed in Chicago, by Frederick Bauman

Loop de Chicago.

William Le Baron Jenney 25 September 1832, Fairhaven, Massachusetts, 14 June 1907.

Col James H. Bowen House, Hyde Park, Chicago, built in 1869 The First Leiter building (or Leiter I), Chicago, Illinois, built in 1879 and demolished in 1972. Home Insurance Building in Chicago, built from 1884 to 1885, enlarged in 1891, and demolished in 1931. The Manhattan Building in Chicago, Illinois, constructed from 1889 to 1891 Second Leiter Building, also known as Leiter II Building and the Sears Building, Chicago, Illinois, built in 1891 Ludington Building, Chicago, built in 1891, National Historic Landmark Manhattan Building, Chicago, built in 1891, National Historic Landmark Horticultural Building, for the World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, built in 1893 19 South LaSalle Street, 1893, downtown Chicago New York Life Insurance Building, Chicago, built in 1894

William Le Baron Jenney. Almacenes Fair, Chicago 1890-1891. Detalle de la estructura de acero.

W. Le Baron Jenney Leiter Building, Chicago 1879

William Le Baron Jenney (25 September 1832â&#x20AC;&#x201D;14 June 1907) Second Leiter Building, South State & East Congress Streets, Chicago, Cook County, IL

The Manhattan Building is a 16-story building at 431 South Dearborn Street in Chicago, Illinois. It was designed by architect William Le Baron Jenney and constructed from 1889 to 1891.[2] It is the oldest surviving skyscraper in the world to use a purely skeletal supporting structure.

Chicago, Manhattan Building (William Le Baron Jenney 1889-91)

Louis Sullivan September 3, 1856. Boston, Massachusetts. April 14, 1924 (aged 67), Chicago, Illinois

Buildings 1887–1895 by Adler & Sullivan: Martin Ryerson Tomb, Graceland Cemetery, Chicago (1887) Auditorium Building, Chicago (1889) Carrie Eliza Getty Tomb, Graceland Cemetery, Chicago (1890) Wainwright Building, St. Louis (1890) Charlotte Dickson Wainwright Tomb, Bellefontaine Cemetery, St. Louis (1892) which is lised on the National Register of Historic Places [12][13][14][15] is considered a major American architectural triumph,[16] a model for ecclesiastical architecture,[17] a "masterpiece",[18] and has been called "the Taj Mahal of St. Louis." Interestingly, the family name appears nowhere on the tomb.[19] Union Trust Building (now 705 Olive), St. Louis (1893; street-level ornament heavily altered 1924) Guaranty Building (formerly Prudential Building), Buffalo (1894) Buildings 1887–1895 by Louis Sullivan, with Dankmar Adler until 1895. Springer Block (later Bay State Building and Burnham Building) and Kranz Buildings, Chicago (1885–1887) The Auditorium Building, Auditorium Hotel and Auditorium Theater (now Roosevelt University), Chicago (1886–1890) Selz, Schwab & Company Factory, Chicago (1886–1887) Commercial Loft for Wirt Dexter, Chicago (1887) Standard Club of Chicago, Chicago (1887–1888) Hebrew Manual Training School, Chicago (1889–1890) James H. Walker Warehouse & Company Store, Chicago (1886–1889) Warehouse for E. W. Blatchford, Chicago (1889) Kehilath Anshe Ma'ariv Synagogue (also known as the K.A.M. Temple, later known as the Pilgrim Baptist Church), Chicago (1890–1891) James Charnley House (also known as the Charnley–Persky House Museum Foundation and the National Headquarters of the Society of Architectural Historians), Chicago (1891–1892) Albert Sullivan Residence, Chicago (1891–1892) Transportation Building, World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago (1891–1893) McVicker's Theater, second remodeling, Chicago (1890–1891) Bayard Building, (now Bayard-Condict Building), 65–69 Bleecker Street, New York City (1898). Sullivan's only building in New York, with a glazed terra cotta curtain wall expressing the steel structure behind it. Commercial Loft of Gage Brothers & Company, Chicago (1898–1900) Holy Trinity Russian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church and Rectory, Chicago (1900–1903) Carson Pirie Scott store, (originally known as the Schlesinger & Mayer Store, now known as "Sullivan Center") Chicago (1899–1904) Virginia Hall of Tusculum College, Greeneville, Tennessee, 1901[20] Van Allen Building, Clinton, Iowa (1914) St. Paul's Methodist Church, Cedar Rapids, Iowa (1910) Krause Music Store, Chicago (final commission 1922; front façade only) 256 total commissions and projects of Dankmar Adler and Louis Sullivan National Farmer's Bank, Owatonna, Minnesota (1908) Peoples Savings Bank, Cedar Rapids, Iowa (1912) Henry Adams Building, Algona, Iowa (1913) Merchants' National Bank, Grinnell, Iowa (1914) Home Building Association Company, Newark, Ohio (1914) Purdue State Bank, West Lafayette, Indiana (1914) People's Federal Savings and Loan Association, Sidney, Ohio (1918) Farmers and Merchants Bank, Columbus, Wisconsin (1919) First National Bank, Manistique, Michigan (1919-1920) A remodeling of an existing bank building.

Sullivan and Adler: Auditorium Building, Chicago, 1887-89

Auditorium Building. Dos versiones previas.

Title/Project Name Auditorium Building Alternate Title/Project Name Auditorium Hotel and Theatre Roosevelt University Street Address/Neighborhood 430 S. Michigan Ave. at ne corner of Congress Pkwy. City Chicago State/Province Illinois Country United States Date Designed or Built 1887-1889 Architect/Designer/Creator Adler and Sullivan Date of Object 1888 View or Detail Type Construction Image Notes Foundation construction Digital Collection Name Archival Image Collection Archival Collection Name Inland Architect Collection Accession Number 720.5 I56 Original Format Type Printed matter Color Type Toned Location of Original Ryerson and Burnham Libraries' stacks Reference Sources "Inland Architect" vol. 11, no. 3 Website URL www.artic.edu/aic/libraries/research/specialcollections/digi talcollections/allcollections.html Licensing Statement For Rights information please contact the Ryerson and Burnham Archives at rbarchives@artic.edu RBA Digital File name IA1103_0147.jpg

Louis Henry Sullivan y Dankmar Adler. Wainwright building. St, Louis – Missoury. 1890 – 1891

Louis Henry Sullivan y Dankmar Adler. Guaranty building. Buffalo. 1894-1895.

Louis Henry Sullivan y Dankmar Adler. Schiller building. Chicago. 1891-1893.

Adler and Sullivan. Odd Fellows Temple Building (Fraternity Association of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows). NE corner of S. LaSalle St. and W. Monroe St. City. Chicago. Illinois. 1891

Adler & Sullivan. The Union Trust Building. Saint Louis. Missouri. 1892-1893..

Sullivan. The high building question, dibujo publicado en The Grafic, 1891.

Daniel Hudson Burnham, FAIA was an American architect and urban planner. He was the Director of Works for the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. He took a leading role in the creation of master plans for the development of a number of cities, including Chicago and downtown Washington D.C. He also designed several famous buildings, including the Flatiron Building in New York City and Union Station in Washington D.C.

Daniel Burnham (September 4, 1846 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; June 1, 1912)

Philippines Burnham's Plan for Manila Manila Baguio City Provincial Capitol Building in Bacolod City, Negros Occidental Chicago Union Stock Yard Gate Kent House Rookery Building Monadnock Building (northern half) Reliance Building Fisher Building Heyworth Building Marshall Field and Company Building Flat Iron Building (Chicago) Boyce Building, on the National Register of Historic Places[12][13] Detroit Dime Building Ford Building Majestic Building Pittsburgh Union Trust Building 1898 (337 Fourth Avenue - Not the 1917 structure of the same name on Grant Street) Pennsylvania Union Station 1900-1902 Frick Building 1902 McCreery Department Store (now offices - 300 Sixth Avenue Building) 1904 Highland Building 1910 (121 South Highland Avenue) Henry W. Oliver Building 1910 Washington, D.C. Union Station Postal Square Building Columbus Fountain Fayette Building Uniontown, Pennsylvania Others Flatiron Building, New York City Citizens Bank Financial Center, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania Wyandotte Building, Columbus, Ohio Columbus Union Station of 1897 Gilbert M. Simmons Memorial Library, Kenosha, Wisconsin. Ellicott Square Building, Buffalo, New York Pennsylvania Railroad Station, Richmond, Indiana Cleveland Mall with Arnold Brunner and John CarrĂ¨re, 1903 Union Station, El Paso, Texas First National Bank Building (now Fayette Building), Uniontown, Pennsylvania, 1902 John Wanamaker department store (now Macy's), Philadelphia John Wanamaker department store, New York City Selfridge & Co. Department Store, London Filene's Department Store, Boston Terminal Arcade, Terre Haute, Indiana First National Bank Building, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Duluth Civic Center Historic District, Duluth, Minnesota Merchants Exchange Building (San Francisco) Miners National Bank Building - now Citizens Bank Building, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania

The Reliance Building is a skyscraper located at 32 North State Street in the Loop community area of Chicago, Illinois. The first floor and basement were designed by John Root of the Burnham and Root architectural firm in 1890, with the rest of the building completed by Charles B. Atwood in 1895.

The Reliance Building (1890-5)

The Monadnock Building. Burnham & Root and built in 1891.

Marshall Field and Company Building (1892-1914), 111 North State Street, Chicago, Illinois

Worl Fair . Chicago. 1893.. Burnham (plan general)

Chicago, postal de Oak Park

General Plan of Riverside 路 Olmsted, Vaux & Co. Landscape Architects 路 1869.

Though this 13-room house was not built until 1884, the acclaimed landscape architect Frederick Law Olmstedwho helped design the suburb of Riverside in the 1860swould likely have loved the place, with its rusticated stone base, verdant paint job, and busy, many-angled roofline.

100 Fairbank Road also known as the Dore Cottage in Riverside, Illinois. It was designed by Calvert Vaux in the Swiss Gothic style. Lok at how beautiful the house fits in with the landscape and surrounding architecture.

Frank Lloyd Wright

Obras más importantes

Richland Center, Wisconsin, 8 de junio de 1867 - Phoenix, Arizona, 9 de abril de 1959 1893-1894. Casa William H. Winslow, (River Forest, Illinois) Casa para Isabel Roberts (River Forest, Illinois) 1900. Casa en Prairie Town, para la revista Ladie's Home Journal (proyecto). 1901-1902. Casa William G. Fricke (Oak Park, Illinois). Casa Darwin D. Martin (Búfalo, Nueva York) 1902-1903. Casa Ward W. Willitts (Highland Park, Illinois). Casa Northome de Francis W. Little (Nueva York) Edificio de la Prensa (San Francisco) 1903-1905. Edificio Larkin (Búfalo, Nueva York). 1905-1907. Templo Unitario (Oak Park, Illinois). 1907-1908. Casa Avery Coonley (Riverside, Illinois). 1908-1909. Casa Frederick C. Robie (Chicago, Illinois). 1909. Casa de Mrs. Thomas Gale (Oak Park, Illinois). 1912-1913. Casa de juegos A. Coonley (Riverside, Illinois). 1911-1959. Taliesin (Spring Green, Wisconsin). Casa, finca y estudio de Wright. 1912-1914. Casa Francis W. Little. ``Northome´´ (Wayzata, Minnesota). Centro Cívico Marin (San Rafael, California) Casa de Frank J. Baker (Witmeth, Illinois) Casa de Robert Evans (Longwood, Virginia) Centro Educacional Corbin (Wichita, Kansas) 1935- Casa de la Cascada (Fallingwater) (Ohiopile, Pennsylvania) 1936-38- Edificio Administrativo Compañía Johnson & Son(Racine, Wisconsin) 1945 - Casa Sundt 1959- Museo Guggenheim, (Nueva York) Auditorio Grady Gammage (Tempe, Arizona) Teatro Kalita Humphreys (Dallas, Texas) Casa Walker (Carmel, California) Edificio Sede Principal de Johnson Wax (Racine, Wisconsin) Hotel Imperial (Tokio, Japón) Edificio de National Insurance (Chicago)

Project: Portrait of Frank Lloyd Wright Photographer: Ken Hedrich Location: Taliesen, Spring Green, Wisconsin Year: 1937

Hull House, Jane Adams.

A woman is evaluated for time efficiency in beating eggs with a Dover egg beater at the Applecroft Home Experiment Station, founded by home economist Christine Frederick. c. 1912-14.

Frank Lloyd Wright . Casa Winslow. River Forest. Chicago. 1894

Frank Lloyd Wright . Casa Darwin D. Martin , 1905. Buffalo.

Frank Lloyd Wright . Larkin Building.. 1904-1906. Buffalo.

Frank Lloyd Wright . Robie house. 1908-1910. Hyde Park. Chicago

USA. Territorio, ciudad y arquitectura

¿cuál es la estructura de la ciudad americana? ¿qué factores presionan el nacimiento del rascacielos? ¿cuáles son las condiciones de posibilidad que permiten su desarrollo? ¿en qué consiste la búsqueda de Louis Sullivan? ¿en qué consiste la búsqueda de Frank Lloyd Wright y cuáles son los instrumentos que utiliza en arquitectura?