Ayacucho by Visit Peru

Wari archeological complex © Mauricio Gil / PROMPERÚ

Ayacucho A practical guide for visitors

Ayacucho Location

Central mountains of Peru

Capital

Ayacucho (2761 meters)

Elevation Min.: 330 msnm (Santa Rosa) Max.: 3645 msnm (Chalcos) Climate Temperature Max.:

23,8

Min.:

9,3

Dec - Mar

Mar - Jun

Jun - Sep

Mar - Dec

ºC

Arriving By land

7 hr. / 14 hr.

Lima-Ayacucho: 565 km / Cusco-Ayacucho: 512 km

Huancayo-Ayacucho (vía Ancco): 257 km /

7 hr.

Huancavelica-Ayacucho (vía Rumichaca): 245 km / Ica-Ayacucho: 389 km /

5 hr.

By air Lima-Ayacucho:

45 min

7 hr.

Quinua handcrafts © Juan Puelles / PROMPERÚ Ayacucho craftsmanship has no parallel in Peru. These small churches that are usually found on the roofs of houses throughout the region stand out in the town of Quinua.

Ayacucho Ayacucho Departmental Departmental capital capital ProvincialProvincial capital capital District capital District capital

to Huanc

Tourist attraction Tourist attraction ProvincialProvincial border border

Cristo Bla Mirador del Cañon Mirado de

Main roadMain road AsphaltedAsphalted road road Non-asphalted Non-asphalted road road Airport

HUANCAVELICA HUANCAVELICA Cueva de

Wari archeologi W

Airport

Main river Main river

Stone fores

to Pisco to Lima

Pumap

Qorim

Natural Protected Natural Protected Area Area

A flock of vicuña A flock © Mylene of vicuña d'Auriol © Mylene / PROMPERÚ d'Auriol / PROMPERÚ

ICA

Huac-Huas

Huac

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Ocaña

Pampa GalerasPa D’Achille Nationa D’A

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to Nasca Sant to Lima

Scale (km) Scale (km)

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cayo Viracochan

Viracochan San Francisco San Francisco

anco lookout e Huatuscalla

CUSCO

Palmapampa Palmapampa

PampaHistoric de Ayacucho Historic Sanctuary Pampa de Ayacucho Sanctuary Luricocha Huanta Tambo Tambo e Pikimachay San Miguel San Miguel ical complex Quinua Quinua

ricocha Huanta

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alls Batán waterfalls alls maqma waterfalls

Titankayocc, Puya Titankayocc, RaimondiPuya Forest Raimondi Forest

Vilcashuamán Vilcashuamán Cangallo

Cangallo

to Cusco

Vilcashuamán Vilcashuamán archeological monument archeological monument

Huancapi

to Cusco

Huancapi

Millpu - Turquoise Millpu waters - Turquoise waters

cosHuanca Sancos Sacsamarca Sacsamarca Querobamba Querobamba

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Condor

APURÍMAC APURÍMAC

to Cusco

Otoca

-Bárbara al Reserve

Saisa nta Lucía

Puquio

Saisa Coracora

Coracora

Incuyo

ParinacochasParinacochas Lagoon Lagoon

Incuyo Pausa

Pausa

AREQUIPA AREQUIPA

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Pampa de Ayacucho Pampa de Historic Ayacucho Sanctuary Historic © Sanctuary Juan Puelles © /Juan PROMPERÚ Puelles / PROMPERÚ

both turalthe andnatural historicand heritage historic ofheritage the scene ofwhere the scene where aled an independence American independence from the Spanish from the empire. Spanish empire.

Distances

By private travel from the city of Ayacucho to the cities of:

DESTINATION

DISTANCE

Huanta (Huanta Province)

48 km

45 min

Cangallo (Cangallo Province)

100 km

2 hr.

San Miguel (La Mar Province)

96 km

2 hr.

Vilcashuamán (Vilcashuamán Province)

107 km

2 hr. 30 min

Huancapi (Víctor Fajardo Province)

124 km

3 hr.

Huancasancos (Huancasancos Province)

202 km

5 hr.

Querobamba (Sucre Province)

214 km

8 hr.

Puquio (Lucanas Province)

696 km

10 hr.

Cora Cora (Parinacochas Province)

786 km

13 hr.

Pausa (Paucar del Sara Sara Province)

930 km

16 hr.

Tours

3 days

TIME

(the minimum recommended stay)

½ day

City tour (Main Square, Cathedral, principal mansions, Santa Ana handcrafts neighborhood, churches and museums).

1 day

Wari archeological complex, Quinua village and the Pampa de Ayacucho Historic Sanctuary.

1 day

Pikimachay, Huanta and Luricocha.

1 day

Pumacocha archeological complex and Vilcashuamán archeological complex.

1 day

Millpu - turquoise waters

1 day

Puya Raimondi Forest (Titankayocc).

1 day

Pumapaqcha, Batán and Qorimaqma waterfalls, Huahuapuquio gasified water springs, city of Cangallo and the Pampas River.

2 days

(From Puquio city) Andamarca, Puzapaccha waterfall, Caniche archeological monument and viewing the flight of the condor.

Calendar Feb-Mar (movable)

Carnival in Ayacucho

Mar-Apr (movable)

Easter (Huamanga)

25 Apr

Anniversary of the foundation of Huamanga

24 Jun

Chaccu shearing of vicuñas (Pampa Galeras-Bárbara D’Achille National Reserve)

28-29 Jul

Vilcas Raymi (Vilcashuamán)

20-26 Aug

Yaku Raymi (Lucanas)

2-9 Dec

Tribute to American Liberty (Huamanga)

What to eat? The puca picante (fried pork and potatoes with roasted peanuts seasoned with panca red pepper) is one of the most emblematic examples of regional cuisine. So too is qapchi (a fresh cheese entrée with the rocoto red capsicum served over a bed of golden potatoes). Worth trying also are mondongo (beef tripe soup) and cuy chactado (fried crumbed guinea pig served with golden potatoes and salad). During special celebrations particular dishes are prepared like puchero (a broth with cabbage, fruits, chickpeas, sweet potato and cassava). Other local specialties include muyuchi (an ice cream), and wawas (a type of bread). Popular drinks include ponche (a punch of peanuts, sesami and spices) and several types of chicha (jora—fermented corn, molle and siete semillas—each made from seed varieties).

What to buy? The fusion between Andean and Spanish cultures in the region has given rise to a quite rich folk art tradition. Ayacucho’s craftsman are known for their woven fabrics, ceramics, Huamanga stone carvings, and their embossed, engraved and filigree silver work. The most representative works of ayacuchano art are the retablos. These are reinterpretations of colonial era wooden boxes with Andean motifs and doors that open to reveal complex depictions of human figures and daily scenes. The workshops of outstanding masters can be found in the city of Ayacucho, and the neighborhoods of Santa Ana, Puca Cruz and Belén. Here it is possible to not only buy the works, but also to discover the process of creating them.

It is recommended to visit Millpu It is recommended

Millpu - turquoise waters © Eduardo Flores PROMPERÚ Millpu - turquoise waters ©/Eduardo Flores / PROMPERÚ

May and November. pu between May and November.

What to see? Huamanga Province Main Square The Main Square is surrounded by stone arches that date back to the 16th and 17th centuries set beneath the characteristic red-tiled roofs. These house the seats of the municipal government, the National University of San Cristóbal de Huamanga, and other institutions.

The Cathedral Main Square. Opening hours: Tue-Sun 10:00 am - 12:00 pm / 4:00 - 6:00 pm. The sober and imposing facade of this 17th century temple dedicated to the Virgen de las Nieves (the Virgin of the Snow) is the outstanding feature of the Main Square. Renaissance and baroque elements coexist harmoniously in the interior, which houses 10 altarpieces bathed in gold leaf.

Churches • San Francisco de Asís Temple Jirón 28 de Julio, block 3. Opening hours: Mon-Sat 7:00 am - 8:00 am / 6:00 pm - 7:00 pm / Sun 7:00 am - 9:00 am. The temple and convent are Greco-Roman in style. The tower houses the city’s largest bell, as well as an important collection of paintings from the Cusco and Ayacucho schools. • Compañía de Jesús Temple Jirón 28 de Julio, block 1. Opening hours: Mon-Sun 6:30 am - 7:30 am / 11:00 am - 12:00 pm / Mon-Fri 6:30 pm - 7:30 pm / Sun 12:00 pm - 1:00 pm. Although this church houses colonial paintings, its greatest treasure is its stone facade, consisting of two brick towers decorated with friezes of sculpted flowers. • Santo Domingo Temple Jirón 9 de Diciembre, block 2. Entry by prior arrangement with the office. Opening hours: Mon-Fri 9:00 am - 12:00 pm / 4:00 pm - 7:00 pm / Mon-Sun 7:00 am - 8:00 am open for mass. The church was built at the end of the 16th century. The gold leaf coating on the main altar, and the images and canvases that adorn it, make this a good example of the architectural style known as Baroque Churrigueresque. At the corner of the vestibule, a stone cross commemorates the great storm of October 9, 1640. • La Merced Temple Jirón 2 de Mayo, block 2. Opening hours: Mon-Sat 10:00 am - 12:00 pm / 5:00 pm - 7:00 pm / Sun 8:30 am - 9:30 am. La Merced displays renaissance influences. Built in the 16th century, it is the second oldest of the city’s churches. Its main altar of wood and gold leaf contains an image of the Virgen de las Mercedes. • Santa Clara Temple and Monastery Jirón Grau, block 3. Opening hours: Mon-Sun 6:30 am - 7:30 am. A religious complex consisting of a temple and a monastery, the building’s tower is made of lime and stone. Its interior is decorated with a mudejar coffered ceiling and altarpieces, one of which is dedicated to the patron of Huamanga, Jesus of Nazareth.

Sculpture carved in Huamanga stone ÂŠ Max Cabello / PROMPERĂ&#x161; The Huamanga stone has been used for beautiful carvings since colonial times.

• Santa Teresa Temple and Monastery Jirón 28 de Julio, block 6. Opening hours: Mon-Sat 5:30 am - 6:15 am / Thu 3:00 pm - 5:00 pm / Sun 7:00 am - 8:00 am. Construction of this church began in 1683. Among its most pleasing elements are the main altar with the image of the Virgen del Carmen, and the choir, carved in wood and with mother of pearl inlaid. The Carmelitas Descalzas Monastery also forms part of the complex. • Santa Ana Temple Santa Ana Square. Open during mass. The Andarmarcan indigenous people built this temple in 1569 with a crypt of limestone and a cupola of quarried stone. It has six altars in addition to the principal altar, where the table and tabernacle consist of embossed silver. The pulpit is carved in wood and displays indigenous motifs.

Arch of Triumph Jirón 28 de Julio, block 3. Known also as the Arch of San Francisco, this structure was built in 1910 to commemorate the Battle of Dos de Mayo against the Spanish navy. It was remodeled into the shape of an arc for the centenary of the Battle of Ayacucho.

Mansions • Boza y Solís Mansion (Ayacucho Regional Government) Portal Constitución 15. Opening hours: Mon-Fri 8:00 am - 1:00 pm / 3:00 pm - 5:00 pm. Before she was executed, María Parado de Bellido—a heroine of the Peruvian independence—was detained in this mestizo-style mansion. Its facade is made of stone and the stairs to the second floor are lined with Venetian tiles. • Velarde Álvarez House (UNSCH Cultural Center) Portal Unión 37, Main Square. Opening hours: Mon-Sat 8:00 am - 8:00 pm. This is one of the city’s oldest mansions. It was built by indigenous tradesmen who carved its stone walls and capitals with Andean motifs such as serpents and pumas. Inca walls were discovered here during restoration works. • Castilla y Zamora Mansion Portal Municipal 50, Main Square. Opening hours: Mon-Fri 8:15 am - 4:30 pm. This mansion was the Archbishop’s Palace until Bishop Cristóbal Castilla y Zamora handed it over to the National San Cristóbal de Huamanga University, founded in 1677.

Museums • Joaquín López Antay House Museum Jr. Cusco N° 424, Opening hours: Mon-Sat 3:00 pm - 6:00 pm. Ticket entry. It is a space that displays the artistic, social and cultural legacy left by the master of Peruvian folk art. In this house museum the life of Don Joaquín López Antay is presented and the visitor enjoys a learning experience that allows them to know the history and the production process of the altarpiece as well as the recognitions given to this great master for his important contribution. • Museum of Memory Jirón Prolongación Libertad 1229. Opening hours: Mon-Fri 9:00 am - 1:00 pm / 3:00 pm - 6:00 pm / Sat 9:00 am - 1:00 pm. Ticket entry. This museum addresses the violence experienced in Peru between 1980 and 2000, and particularly, the political and social situation in Ayacucho. Its rooms display photographs and testimonies of the disappeared and their families.

Ayacucho Main Square © Renzo Tasso / PROMPERÚ

• Andrés Avelino Cáceres Historical Museum Jirón 28 de Julio, 508. Opening hours: Mon-Fri 9:00 am - 1:00 pm / 3:00 pm - 5:00 pm / Sun 9:00 am - 1:00 pm. Ticket entry. The museum’s principal exhibits are housed in the Vivanco mansion, characterized by its courtyard surrounded by carved stone arches. The collection includes uniforms and weapons, that belonged to this hero of the War of the Pacific. • Hipólito Unanue Regional Historic Museum Av. Independencia 502. Opening hours: Mon-Sun 9:00 am - 1:00 pm / 3:00 pm - 5:00 pm. Ticket entry. The museum exhibits pieces from the Wari and other cultures. It also has colonial and republican documents and photographs on display. A room is dedicated to popular regional art such as ceramics, Huamanga stone carvings, and imagery. There is also an archeological exposition.

Stone forest of Huaraca 58 km of the city of Ayacucho, by Los Libertadores route for 54 km and a detour of 4 km in the community of Huaraca (1 h 30 min by car). In Huaraca the natural landscape coexists with a stone forest, the Ustunaqocha lagoon where trout abounds for natural fishing, and a forest of native plants. It is located between 3980 and 4550 meters above sea level. Different shapes and figures of stones carved by nature can be seen.

Wari Archeological Complex 22 km to the north of the city of Ayacucho (30 min. by car). Ticket entry. Spread over 2200 hectares, this complex was one of Peru’s largest Pre-Columbian urban centers. Its red and white painted stone and mud structures are divided into sectors linked by a subterranean water system. The site museum exhibits items discovered during the excavations.

Quinua Village 32 km to the northwest of the city of Ayacucho (50 min. by car). This is a traditional Andean village, home to skillful ceramics craftsmen. A museum about the Ba le of Ayacucho is located in the main square. Its rooms display weapons, cavalry harness, insignias and other objects found on the Pampa de Ayacucho. It also holds the stone upon which the Act of Capitulation was signed, sealing the country’s independence.

Pampa de Ayacucho Historic Sanctuary 33 km to the northeast of the city of Ayacucho (55 min. by bus). Opening hours: Mon-Sun 8:00 am - 6:00 pm. This site was the scene of the Battle of Ayacucho on 9 December 1824, which put an end to the War of Independence. A 44-meter high obelisk recalls this struggle.

Pikimachay Cave 24 km to the north of the city of Ayacucho (25 min. by car). Stone instruments from the Andean Paleolithic age and bone remains belonging to extinct animals dating from 20000-15000 BC have been found in this area.

Huanta Province City of Huanta 48 km to the north of the city of Ayacucho (45 min. by car). The “Emerald of the Andes” is located at an elevation of 2600 meters. Its valley contains various ecological floors, from the eyebrow of the jungle to the snowy peaks of Razuhuillca, affording it a wide variety of flora and wildlife. The Mother Church of San Pedro is found in the main square. Its construction in stone and lime took more than 100 years.

Sagrado Corazón de Jesús Church and Convent Jirón Ayacucho, block 3. Opening hours: Mon-Fri 8:00 am - 1:00 pm / 3:00 pm - 5:00 pm. This religious complex was built between 1905 and 1928 from stone, limestone and brick. Its tower measures 27 meters in height.

Cristo Blanco Lookout 6.5 km from the main square of Huanta (10 min. by car or 45 min. on foot). This site is ideal for appreciating the city of Huanta and the beauty and diversity of its surroundings. This is the best place to take photographs of natural landscapes.

Cangallo Province Cangallo City 100 km to the south of the city of Ayacucho (2 hr. by car). This is the land of the morochucos, expert jockeys who dominate the pampas (grasslands). The Pumapaqcha, Batán and Qorimaqma waterfalls can be seen along the road towards the city. Rituals are practiced here.

Víctor Fajardo Province Millpu - Turquoise waters 159 km south of the city of Ayacucho (3 h 30 min by car). It is located within the community of Circamarca, and from there it's a 20 min walk to reach this natural wonder of turquoise and crystalline waters. During the trip one can appreciate the flora and fauna of the area. Recommended to visit between May and November.

Ayacucho's cathedral © Renzo Tasso / PROMPERÚ Ayacucho is known as the “City of Churches” It is home to 33 colonial temples, and churches, products of the strong religious sentiment created by the fusion of Spanish and indigenous cultures.

Native potato harvest ÂŠ Mauricio Gil / PROMPERĂ&#x161; Peru is a megadiverse country that allows us to choose and savor among four thousand varieties of potatoes grown on its soil.

Lucanas Province Pampa Galeras-Bárbara D’Achille National Reserve 696 km to the southwest of the city of Ayacucho, along the Panamerican Sur Highway, via Nasca (10 hr. by car). The reserve extends over a plain whose altitude varies between 3850 m and 4150 m. 6000 vicuñas live here, as well as foxes and Andean cats, North Andean deer, Andean gulls, hummingbirds and Andean eagles. Its soil is covered by ichu grass and small queñual forests.

Andamarca 74 km to the northwest of the city of Puquio (3 hr. by car). Between 700 and 1400 this was the historic capital of the Rucana culture, which dominated the area until being conquered by the Incas. The subterranean hydraulic system that operated together with terraces can still be seen.

Caniche Archeological Monument 1 km from the city of Andamarca (10 min. on foot). This military fortress occupied by the Wari and Chanca cultures is well preserved. The terraces that supplied the inhabitants can still be seen in the surroundings.

Mayobamba Condor lookout 13 km from Andamarca (25 min by car). The Sondondo valley is the best place in Peru to observe the god of the Andean skies (Apu Huamani), the Andean condor. In the first hours of the morning it is possible to see nearby up to 35 of these large birds flying over as they leave their roosts towards the drinking troughs and feeding places.

Vilcashuamán Province Vilcashuamán Archeological Complex 118 km to the south of the city of Ayacucho (2 hr. 30 min by car). Ticket entry. This was an important Inca administrative center. The Del Sol y la Luna Temple (Temple of the Sun and the Moon), with three stepped polished and carved stone terraces, is one of the most outstanding structures. During the colonial era the San Juan Bautista Church was erected over its base, with stones extracted from Inca walls. The complex also includes the ushno, a truncated pyramid with five platforms crowned by the Inca’s seat, a stone carved to form two chairs from which the Inca and the Colla would watch the ceremonies.

Titankayocc, Puya Raimondi Forest 97 km to the south of the city of Ayacucho, towards Vischongo (2 hr. by car) and then a 3 km ascent (2 hr. on foot). This is the largest forest of titankas, otherwise known as Puyas Raimondi. There are approximately 250,000 examples here. They are known for having the largest inflorescence in the plant kingdom, at 4-6 meters. A puya can reach 14 meters in height and flowers bloom just once during its biological cycle.

Pumacocha or Intihuatana Archeological Complex 98 km to the southeast of the city of Ayacucho (2 hr. by car). Ticket entry. This complex was raised on the banks of the Pumacocha Lagoon. The fine finish of the stone walls suggests that it was home to members of the Inca elite. It includes a palace, a tower where rituals were performed, and the Baño del Inca (the Inca’s Bath), which includes a stone with 13 angles, an example of the intricate work required to assemble the walls.

Vilcashuamán Archeological Complex © Max Cabello / PROMPERÚ

Ayacucho City Center Urban area City limit Pedestrian zone River

Cathedral

Castilla y Zamora Mansion

Velarde Álvarez House (UNSCH Cultural Center)

Boza y Solís Mansion (Ayacucho Regional Government)

Joaquín López Antay House Museum

San Agustín Temple

San Francisco de Paula Temple

Compañía de Jesús Temple

San Cristóbal Cultural Tourism Center

Santo Domingo Temple

La Merced Temple

Arch of Triumph

San Francisco de Asís Temple

Santa Clara Temple and Monastery

Vivanco Mansion (Andrés A. Cáceres Museum)

Santa Teresa Temple and Monastery

San Juan Bautista Temple

Acuchimay Tourist Lookout

Santa Ana Temple and artisanal neighborhood

Señor de Quinuapata Temple

Belén Temple

Shosaku Nagase Artisanal Market

Museum of Memory

La Totorilla Zoological Park

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Post Office

Health Center

City Hall

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AYACUCHO Ayacucho Center (066) 318-305 Provincial Municipality of Huamanga Jr. Cusco 108 Mon-Sat 9:00 - 6:00 h, Sun 9:00 am - 1:00 pm iperuayacucho@promperu.gob.pe

24 hours (+51-1) 574-8000 (+51) 944-492-314 iperu@promperu.gob.pe VisitPeru

www.peru.travel www.ytuqueplanes.com

The information in this brochure was updated in November 2019. In developing it, PROMPERU has used official information sources, and the Ayacucho Regional Directorate of Foreign Trade and Tourism (DIRCETUR). Opening hours and telephones are subject to variation by each tourist attraction. Confirm times and phone numbers with IPERÚ.

A publication by the Peru Export and Tourism Promotion Board - PROMPERU Calle Uno Oeste n.° 50, piso 14, urb. Córpac, San Isidro, Lima - Perú Telephone: (+51-1) 616-7300 www.promperu.gob.pe © PROMPERÚ. All rights reserved. Hecho el Depósito Legal en la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú n.° xxxxxx Printing: Quad/Graphics Perú S.A. (Av. Los Frutales No. 344, Ate Vitarte-Lima) Lima, October 2019

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