MArchD 1st Year Project by Vladislav Artyukhov

ORUGAS DE

BARCELONA

Passive House

P30406 Sustainable Design in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD PART II OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERCITY 2016-2017 ORUGAS DE BARCELONA OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERCITY 2016-2017

P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

SITE LOCATION

Figure 1. Spain

Figure 2. Catalunya

Figure 3. Barcelona

Figure 4. Barcelona, Sant Marti

ORUGAS DE BARCELONA OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERCITY 2016-2017

P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

SKETCHING

Masterplan Option 1

Sketching stages throughout the design process.

Masterplan Option 2

Masterplan Option 3

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

SKETCHING Sketching the Option 3 Masterpan

At the present, Barcelonians tend to be pushed out of the city because of its popularity among tourists and foreign investors in property. Attractivness of Barcelona draws thousands of foreigners to rent and buy apartments, mostly in the city centre areas, forcing locals to move to the perifery. To address this social tendency, the development is designed for Barcelona residents. It also aimed to mainatain local fishing culture, providing places for safe access to the sea. Dwelling blocks enclosed into clusters with green courtyards inside provide private space for communities living there. Each cluster is separated by streets that give access to the sea for the rest of Barcelonians. Streets are extended to the water in form of the floating piers, going beyond existing wave breaker through the platforms accommodating a row of houses, further to the wave breaker. Each pier has a gate for boats and yachts passing through towards boat docks. There is also an underground car parking and Osmotic Power Plant. Part of the dwelling units - as a measure aiming to respond to tidal water level changes - floats on the aqua marina that protected with a sea wave breaker which accommodates wave power plant. The latter is capable of producing enough energy to power the whole development, 0.6 MWh annually. 21 units at the ground level (or water level as they are floating) provide space for residents who live and run their small businesses onsite. Those are the units that include smaller floating units, which in its turn are able to float out of the docked position towards the street-piers and, being attached to them, to form a short shopping mall at day time. For night time, they are moored back to the dwelling units, creating security corridor of water between streets and shops. This corridor also serves as goodsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; delivery route for these businesses as there is a limited access for vehicles to the shops.

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

CITY AXES

ra u t a N

s e c n Scie

m u e s Mu

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Axis Ia D i Min nd a m u r o el F

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Parq

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Bre

Wa ve

xis

l a n o iag

a d u ing

Par

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l e d

to i L

ORUGAS DE BARCELONA OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERCITY 2016-2017

P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

MASTERPLAN

FOOD MARKET DWELLING UNITS PAVEMENT DWELLING CLUSTERS - COURTYARDS / GREENERY

SEA LEVEL EMBANKMENT FLOATING DWELLING UNITS PIER-STREETS

WAVE BREAKER PARK (on existing wave breaker) FLOATING HOUSES WATER BOAT PIERS SEA WAVE POWER PLANT WAVE BREAKER

Total Dwelling Area Households People Land Area Area with Marina

A OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERCITY 2016-2017

36080 m2 248 998 8.8 ha 18.9 ha

ORUGAS DE BARCELONA P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

MASTERPLAN

UNDERGROUND

MARKET DELIVERY YARD UNDERGROUND CAR PARKING / 775 car spaces STAIRS / ELEVATORS OSMOTIC POWER PLANT

SEA LEVEL EMBANKMENT FLOATING DWELLING UNITS PIER-STREETS

WAVE BREAKER PARK (on existing wave breaker) FLOATING HOUSES WATER BOAT PIERS SEA WAVE POWER PLANT WAVE BREAKER

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ORUGAS DE BARCELONA P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

SECTION A-A

Dwelling clusters of 3-storey terraced houses enclosed to courtyards

Floating houses on the platform aligned along the pier-streets

The wave breaker incorporating sea wave power plant

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

RENEWABLE ENERGY

SEA WAVES POWER PLANT Oscillating Water Column Technology The Oscillating Water Column, (OWC) is a shoreline wave energy device normally positioned onto or near to rocks or cliffs which are next to a deep sea bottom. They consist of a partly submerged hollow chamber fixed directly at the shoreline which converts wave energy into air pressure. The structure used to capture the waves energy could be a natural cave with a blow hole or a man made chamber or duct with a wind turbine generator located at the top well above the waters surface. Either way, the structure is built perpendicular to the waves with part of the ocean surface trapped inside the chamber which itself is open to the sea below the water line. The constant ebbing and flowing motion of the waves forces the trapped water inside the chamber to oscillate in the vertical updown direction (Alternative Energy Tutorials)

Wave Power Plant 300 kW 16 Air Chambers 16 Wells Turbines 0.6 MWh annually 600 t of carbon emission saved The output produced on-site is sufficient enough to power the entire development, 248 households.

*Figures presented are similar in capacity to the charcteristics of the first commercial wave power plant Mutriku in Bay of Biscay, Spain.

Air Chambers of Wave Power Plant Figure 6. Oscillating Water Column Technology

An Oscillating Water Column (OWC) is a shoreline device and consists of an inclined concrete cylinder that uses the natural motion of ocean waves to compress air within the column and drive a turbine, similar to a piston compression cycle. The OWC design usually employs a Wells Turbine which has the unique ability to rotate in the same direction despite the direction of air flow (in the case of both compression and decompression cycles) (Uiowa Wiki)

Figure 7. Wells Turbine

Figure 5. Prevailing wavesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; direction in Barcelona

Air Chambers orientation is informed by prevailing wavesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; direction and strength

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

RENEWABLE ENERGY

OSMOTIC POWER The mixing of freshwater and seawater where rivers flows into the salty ocean releases large amounts of energy that can be used for power production. The pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) process will operate with filtered fresh water pumped into modules containing membranes. In the module fresh water will move through the membrane towards the pressurised filtered seawater and dilute it. The flow of diluted and pressurised seawater is then split in two streams where one is depressurisedthrough the hydropower turbine to generate power, while the other stream passes through a pressure exchanger in order to pressurise the incoming seawater (Skråmestø, Ø., p.2)

Global potential 1600-1700 TWh In Europe there is a potential to generate 180 TWh No CO2 emissions Non-disruptive technology The only waste is brackish water (salt water)

Figure 9. Osmotic Principle

Figure 10. Osmotic Technology

Osmotic Power Plant

The principle of osmotic power is utilising the entropy of mixing water with different salt gradients. In the process the water with low salt gradient moves to the side with the higher salt concentr tion and creates increased pressure due to osmotic forces. Given the sufficient control of the pressure on the salt water side, a proximately half the theoretical energy can be transformed to electrical power, meaning that the operating pressure are in the range of 11-14 bars enabling the generation of 1 MW per m3 per sec fresh water (Skråmestø, Ø., p.3)

Fr es

W at

River Besos

Mediterranean Sea Salt Water

Figure 8. Barcelona Site

Figure 11. Osmotic Equipment

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

DWELLING CLUSTER

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

DWELLING CLUSTER / MASTERPLAN

VIE W

DWELLING UNIT

RAMP / LANDSCAPING

VIE

COURT YARD

PIER-STREET

FLOATING DWELLING UNITS FLOATING WORKING UNITS

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

DWELLING CLUSTER / FACADES VIEW A

VIEW B

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

FLOATING DWELLING UNIT

The dwelling unit developed is a 3-storey floating house sliding vertically on underwater piles with entrance from the courtyard to 3 apartments on each floor. Ground floor apartment is designed for living work with mentioned above floating shop. The rest two storeys house two 3-bedroom apartments. Sliding exterior shading screens are for sun radiance protection, made of a metal frame with an array of recycled rubber and plastic plates fixed on a sturdy metal fence. Solar thermal panels on the roof comply with Solar Thermal Ordinance (compulsury 60% of running hot water supply by solar energy)

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

FLOATING DWELLING UNIT / FACADE A-J

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

FLOATING DWELLING UNIT / FACADE 1-6

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

FLOATING DWELLING UNIT / FACADE J-A

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

FLOATING DWELLING UNIT / GROUND FLOOR

2-Bedroom Apartment + 1 Office Apartment + Floating Working Unit

Office

Bedroom Bathroom

Ground Floor

Total Area 147.4 m2 Working Unit 41.23 m2 Terraces and Balconies 40.25 m2

HVAC

storage

Floating Working Unit

Bathroom

Hall

Bedroom

Dining

Kitchen

Living

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

FLOATING DWELLING UNIT / FIRST FLOOR

3-Bedroom Apartment First Floor

Total Area 133.0 m2 Terraces and Balconies 33.9 m2

Bedroom

Bathroom HVAC

storage

Bathroom

Hall

Bedroom

Dining

Kitchen

Living

ORUGAS DE BARCELONA OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERCITY 2016-2017

P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

FLOATING DWELLING UNIT / SECOND FLOOR 3-Bedroom Apartment Second Floor

Total Area 134.3 m2 Terraces and Balconies 62.6 m2 Bedroom

Bedroom

Bathroom HVAC

storage

Hall

Bathroom

Living

Kitchen

Dining

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

FLOATING DWELLING UNIT / WORKING UNIT OPERATION MORNING

Day Scenario of the family who run a small business at the place of their living. To illustrate the operation, the Art Studio for kids is shown as an example. In the mornings, before the Working Unit attached to the pier-street, the water corridor allows goods delivery by water utilising boats. Because of limited vehiclesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; access to the site it is crucial for the all businesses along the street.

DAY / EVENING

At working hours the Working Unit floats out of the docking position and is attached to the pier-street providing public to the Art Studio. Pull-out bridge maintains the access to the Unit from the apartment. For various types of businesses it also provides access to the office room where meetings with clients can be arranged.

NIGHT

During night time the Working Unit is moored back to the house. In this position water space between pier-street and the Unit creates security corridor.

ORUGAS DE BARCELONA OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERCITY 2016-2017

P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

SECTION B-B

5 ORUGAS DE BARCELONA

OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERCITY 2016-2017

P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

DETAILS

Mechanically operated sliding shading screens Window shaded with shading screen

Detail 1 Metal Frame sliding along rails on rollers. Metal fence with recycled rubber and plastic plates

Window unshaded

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

DETAILS Detail 5

Detail 4 Gravel 16/23 Filter fleece polypropylene Extruded polystyrene 2 layer polymer bitumen seal with vapor compensation layer Chipboard Mineral wool panel between double T-beams Chipboard Self-adhesive aluminium vapor barrier Mineral wool between lathes 2-layer gypsum plasterboard

60 80 10 18 300 18 50 30

Wood shuttering Rear ventilation between upright wood lathes Chipboard Mineral wool panels between vertical double T-beams Chipboard with interior lateral vapor barrier Mineral wool panels between horizontal lathes 2-layer gypsum plasterboard

25 50 16 300 22 50 30

Detail 3

Detail 2 Parquet Cement screed PE foil Mineral wool Crushed rock filler PE vapor barrier OSB panel Spars 6/24 with mineral wool in between Wood shattering Gypsum plasterboard wet room panel

10 50 30 40 22 240 24 15

Parquet Cement screed PE foil Mineral wool Gravel filler lightly bonded Trickling protection OSB panel Wood rafters between 80 mm mineral wool OSB panel Air gap Mineral wool 2-layer gypsum plasterboard

10 50 30 50 22 220 22 10 40 30

Cement slab Gravel 2-layer bitumen seal Vapor pressure compensation layer Wood shuttering Rear ventilation between wood lathes, insect screen HFC sylomer bed under wood lathes Open diffusion PE roofing sheet OSB panel Rock wool between rect. timber rafters OSB panel PE vapor barrier Glass wool 2-layer gypsum plasterboard

50 30 10 24 120 12 18 360 18 50 30

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

PASSIVE HOUSE VERIFICATION

Second Floor

For the Passive House verification the second floor apartment is selected as the worst case because of its position atop the building and its high exposure to the sun radiance. Through the design process various modifications of the building exterior were introduced and their impact on the building performance was investigated.

Passive House planning:

BUILDING

Building:

ELEMENTS

unventilated air layers and unheated attics ---> Auxiliary calculation to the right

Assembly no.

Building assembly description

01ud

Interior insulation?

External wall / light weight

Heat transfer resistance [m²K/W]

interior Rsi : exterior Rse :

0 0.00 0.00

[W/(mK)] Area section 2 (optional)

1. Wood shuttering 2. Air

0.140

3. Chipboard 1.6+2.2 4. Mineral wool

Wood lathes

0.140

0.035

Wood 50+50

0.035

7. Gypsum plasterboard 8.

0.210

0.000

0.00

1. Gravel 2. Polystyrene

interior Rsi :

Wood 50+50

0.035

[W/(mK)] Area section 3 (optional)

W/(m²K)

[W/(mK)]

Thickness [mm]

0.140

Wood 18

0.035

0.210

0.00

Percentage of sec. 3

19.7%

U-Value:

250

0.140

Percentage of sec. 2

W/(m²K)

100

0.140

Wood 18

3.0%

0.074

Total

61.6

W/(m²K)

Building assembly description

Interior insulation?

0 interior Rsi : exterior Rse :

Area section 1

54.3

0.035

Heat transfer resistance [m²K/W]

Total

0.140

U-value supplement

0.092

0.00 0.00

77%

3.0%

Percentage of sec. 1

03ud

250

0.050

7. Mineral wool 8. Gypsum plasterboard

Assembly no.

100

0.030

5. Mineral wool 6. Mineral wool

Basement

Interior insulation?

0.960

3. Polymerbitumen 4. Chipboard 18+18

Percentage of sec. 3

U-Value:

[W/(mK)] Area section 2 (optional)

Area section 1

0.140

19.7%

exterior Rse :

0.140

Roof / light weight

Heat transfer resistance [m²K/W]

Thickness [mm]

0.140

Percentage of sec. 2

W/(m²K)

[W/(mK)]

Building assembly description

02ud

Ground Floor

Wood 18

Wood lathes

77% U-value supplement

0.140

0.035

Percentage of sec. 1

Assembly no.

[W/(mK)] Area section 3 (optional)

0.270

5. Mineral wool 6. Mineral wool

0.00 0.00

[W/(mK)] Area section 2 (optional)

0.000

Percentage of sec. 1

OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERCITY 2016-2017

Wedge-shaped building assemblies (tapered insulation),

Area section 1

First Floor

U-VALUES

100%

[W/(mK)] Area section 3 (optional)

0.000

Percentage of sec. 2

0.0%

[W/(mK)]

Thickness [mm]

0.000

ORUGAS DE 0BARCELONA 0.000

Percentage sec. 3 Total P30406 ofSustainable Dewsign

in Context

0.0% 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov0.0 MArchDcm Part II

PASSIVE HOUSE VERIFICATION / BASECASE Passive House verification

Photo or Drawing

Building: Street: Postcode / City:

Spain

Country: Building type:

Barcelona

Climate:

Altitude of building site (in [m] above sea level):

Home owner / Client: Street: Postcode/City: Architecture: Street:

S U M M E R: P A S S I V E C O O L I N G

Postcode City: Passive House /planning: Mechanical system:

Climate: Barcelona

Street:

25 Nominal humidity: 12 Year of construction: Spec. capacity: 60 No. of dwelling units: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

°C g/kg

20.0 25.0 InteriorU-Value temperature summer: Red. factor f T,Summer Area 2.1 InternalW/(m²K) heat sources winter: m² 0.092 Ditto summer: * 1.00 3.2 Wh/K202.3 per m² TFA* Interior temperature winter:

Wh/(m²K)

3.9

No. ofassembly occupants: Building

Temperature zone

Exterior wall - Ambien A60 Spec. capacity: Exterior wall - Ground B * Roof/Ceiling - Ambient A 272.0 0.082 Specific building demands with reference to the treated floor *area Floor slab / Basement B * A * Treated floor area A * Heating Space heating X * demand Windows A 35.1 0.765 * Heating load Exterior door A * Exterior TB (length/m) A Overall specif. space cooling* demand Space cooling Perimeter TB (length/m P * Ground TB (length/m) B * Cooling load

* * * * 135.2 * * * * * * *

auxiliary electricity,

1 5

27 19

0.0 22.0 0.33 0.60 0.45 4.73 0.00 0.00 87%

0.6

Air change rate due to mechanical, automatically controlled ventilation

Specific power consumption for HR

18.5

= 22.2 = = Requirements = = 15 kWh/(m²a) = 10 W/m² 26.9 = = 18 kWh/(m²a) = = 10 W/m²

Fulfilled?*

yes yes no no

–––––––––––

67.6

W/K

W/K 0.0 120 kWh/(m²a)

2 kWh/(mSummer a) ventilation regulation-

K °C 1/h Wh/(m³K) 1/h 1/h 1/h 1/h Wh/m³

HRV/ERV

None 0.6 1/h x Controlled by temperature * empty field: data missing; Controlled by enthalpy Always Additional ventilation Controlled by temperature x Controlled by humidity

yes '-': no requirement

ERV

SHX

Sum opaque areas

W/m² =

kWh/(m2a)

DHW, space heating and auxiliary electricity

primary energy reduction through solar electricity Ventilation Specific unit conductance Ventilation parameter 8.4 exterior HV,e W/K Temperature amplitude summer 66.9 without HR W/K Minimum acceptable indoor temperature Pressurization test result n50 Airtightness 0.0 ground HV,g W/K Heat capacity air 0.0 Supply air exchange without HR W/K Ventilation conductance, others Ambient air exchange 50.6 W/K Window night ventilation air exchange rate, manual @ 1K exterior

W/m²

kWh/(m2a)

lighting, electrical appliances

We confirm that the values given herein have been determined the PHPP methodology Orientation Angle followingShading Lossof and the area factor factor Dirt based on the characteristic values of the building. Summer Summer The PHPP calculations are attached to this application. 0.50 0.95 1. North 0.9 * * 0.82 0.95 2. East 0.9 * * 0.87 0.95 3. South 0.9 * * 1.00 0.95 4. West 0.9 * * 1.00 0.95 5. Horizontal 0.9 * *

Mechanical cooling: HSummer heat conductance

from 'SummVent' worksheet

Passive House?

°C

1.00 1.00 1.00 ² 1.00 m 1.00 2 kWh/(m a) 0.75 1.00 W/m2 1.00 1.00 kWh/(m2a) 1.00 1.00 2 W/m

of overheating (> 25 °C) Exterior thermal transmittance, Frequency HT,e Heating, dehumidification, DHW, Ground thermal transmittance, HT,g cooling, Primary energy

Summer ventilation

135.2 m² 338 m³ Building volume: 2.0 Internal humidity sources: g/(m²h) Enclosed volume Ve m³: °C Treated floor area ATFA:

Building:

Postcode / City:limit: Overtemperature

BASECASE No shading. Heating demand and load comply with Passive House requirements High level of overheating throughout the year 28.7 % over 25C. Cooling load and cooling demand requirements are not met with Passive House standarts.

Building type:

g-ValueVladislav

Name: Area

0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00

Artyukhov * * * * *

Aperture

Portion of glazing

Surname:

(perp. radiation)

* * * * *

PHPP Version 8.5

m²

7.6 9.4 18.1 0.0 0.0

* Company: * * * *

56% = 63% = 69% = 0% = 0% =

Solar aperture

Total Specif. power qI

ATFA

W/m²

m²

3.2

Internal heat gains QI 28.7%

Frequency of overheating h Jmax

135 =

Issued on:

m²

0.9 2.1 4.7 0.0 0.0

Signature:

1.7 –––––––––––

m²/m²

9.3

0.07

W/m²

434

3.2

At the overheating limit max = 25 °C

If the "frequency over 25°C" exceeds 10%, additional measures to protect against the heat during the summer are necessary. Daily internal temperature stroke PHPP, Verification Transmission

Ventilation

Solar load

kWh/d

(

0.0

42.4

ATFA:

Spec. capacity 1/k

1000

Wh/(m²K)

PHPP_EN_V8.5_Block_final_noshading.xls

m²

135

5.2

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P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

PASSIVE HOUSE VERIFICATION / OPTION 1 Passive House verification

Photo or Drawing

Building: Street: Postcode / City:

Spain

Country: Building type:

Barcelona

Climate:

Altitude of building site (in [m] above sea level):

Home owner / Client: Street: Postcode/City: Architecture: Street:

S U M M E R: P A S S I V E C O O L I N G

Postcode City: Passive House /planning: Mechanical system:

Climate: Barcelona

Street:

25 Nominal humidity: 12 Year of construction: Spec. capacity: 60 No. of dwelling units: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

°C g/kg

20.0 25.0 InteriorU-Value temperature summer: Red. factor f T,Summer Area 2.1 InternalW/(m²K) heat sources winter: m² 0.104 Ditto summer: * 1.00 3.2 Wh/K202.3 per m² TFA* Interior temperature winter:

Wh/(m²K)

3.9

No. ofassembly occupants: Building

Temperature zone

Exterior wall - Ambien A60 Spec. capacity: Exterior wall - Ground B * Roof/Ceiling - Ambient A 272.0 0.089 Specific building demands with reference to the treated floor *area Floor slab / Basement B * A * Treated floor area A * Heating Space heating X * demand Windows A 35.1 0.765 * Heating load Exterior door A * Exterior TB (length/m) A Overall specif. space cooling* demand Space cooling Perimeter TB (length/m P * Ground TB (length/m) B * Cooling load

* * * * 135.2 * * * * * * *

auxiliary electricity,

1 6

24 18

0.0 22.0 0.33 0.60 0.49 4.73 0.00 0.00 87%

0.6

Air change rate due to mechanical, automatically controlled ventilation

Specific power consumption for HR

21.1

= 24.2 = = Requirements = = 15 kWh/(m²a) = 10 W/m² 26.9 = = 18 kWh/(m²a) = = 10 W/m²

Fulfilled?*

yes yes no no

–––––––––––

72.2

W/K

W/K 0.0 120 kWh/(m²a)

2 kWh/(mSummer a) ventilation regulation-

K °C 1/h Wh/(m³K) 1/h 1/h 1/h 1/h Wh/m³

HRV/ERV

None 0.6 1/h x Controlled by temperature * empty field: data missing; Controlled by enthalpy Always Additional ventilation Controlled by temperature x Controlled by humidity

yes '-': no requirement

ERV

SHX

Sum opaque areas

W/m² =

kWh/(m2a)

DHW, space heating and auxiliary electricity

primary energy reduction through solar electricity Ventilation Specific unit conductance Ventilation parameter 8.4 exterior HV,e W/K Temperature amplitude summer 66.9 without HR W/K Minimum acceptable indoor temperature Pressurization test result n50 Airtightness 0.0 ground HV,g W/K Heat capacity air 0.0 Supply air exchange without HR W/K Ventilation conductance, others Ambient air exchange 54.1 W/K Window night ventilation air exchange rate, manual @ 1K exterior

W/m²

kWh/(m2a)

lighting, electrical appliances

We confirm that the values given herein have been determined the PHPP methodology Orientation Angle followingShading Lossof and the area factor factor Dirt based on the characteristic values of the building. Summer Summer The PHPP calculations are attached to this application. 0.48 0.95 1. North 0.9 * * 0.38 0.95 2. East 0.9 * * 0.87 0.95 3. South 0.9 * * 1.00 0.95 4. West 0.9 * * 1.00 0.95 5. Horizontal 0.9 * *

Mechanical cooling: HSummer heat conductance

from 'SummVent' worksheet

Passive House?

°C

1.00 1.00 1.00 ² 1.00 m 1.00 2 kWh/(m a) 0.75 1.00 W/m2 1.00 1.00 kWh/(m2a) 1.00 1.00 2 W/m

of overheating (> 25 °C) Exterior thermal transmittance, Frequency HT,e Heating, dehumidification, DHW, Ground thermal transmittance, HT,g cooling, Primary energy

Summer ventilation

135.2 m² 338 m³ Building volume: 2.0 Internal humidity sources: g/(m²h) Enclosed volume Ve m³: °C Treated floor area ATFA:

Building:

Postcode / City:limit: Overtemperature

OPTION 1 External shading added - window overhang on southern facade. Overheating reduction is around 2.5% compared to the basecase. Cooling load and cooling demand requirements are still not met with Passive House standarts.

Building type:

g-ValueVladislav

Name: Area

0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00

Artyukhov * * * * *

Aperture

Portion of glazing

Surname:

(perp. radiation)

* * * * *

PHPP Version 8.5

m²

7.6 * 9.4 Company: * 18.1 * 0.0 * 0.0 *

56% = 63% = 69% = 0% = 0% =

Solar aperture

Total Specif. power qI

ATFA

W/m²

m²

3.2

Internal heat gains QI 28.0%

Frequency of overheating h Jmax

135 =

Issued on:

m²

0.9 1.0 4.7 0.0 0.0

Signature:

1.9 –––––––––––

m²/m²

8.4

0.06

W/m²

434

3.2

At the overheating limit max = 25 °C

If the "frequency over 25°C" exceeds 10%, additional measures to protect against the heat during the summer are necessary. Daily internal temperature stroke PHPP, Verification Transmission

Ventilation

Solar load

kWh/d

(

0.0

37.8

PHPP_EN_V8.5_Block_final_overhangonly.xls

ATFA:

Spec. capacity 1/k

1000

Wh/(m²K)

m²

135

4.7

ORUGAS DE BARCELONA OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERCITY 2016-2017

P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

PASSIVE HOUSE VERIFICATION / OPTION 2 Passive House verification

Photo or Drawing

Building: Street: Postcode / City:

Spain

Country: Building type:

Barcelona

Climate:

Altitude of building site (in [m] above sea level):

Home owner / Client: Street: Postcode/City: Architecture: Street:

S U M M E R: P A S S I V E C O O L I N G

Postcode City: Passive House /planning: Mechanical system:

Climate: Barcelona

Street:

25 Nominal humidity: 12 Year of construction: Spec. capacity: 60 No. of dwelling units: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

°C g/kg

Wh/(m²K)

3.9

No. ofassembly occupants: Building

Temperature zone

* * * * 135.2 * * * * * * *

auxiliary electricity,

9 9

10 9

0.0 22.0 0.33 0.60 0.45 4.73 0.00 0.00 87%

0.6

Air change rate due to mechanical, automatically controlled ventilation

Specific power consumption for HR

18.5

= 22.2 = = Requirements = = 15 kWh/(m²a) = 10 W/m² 26.9 = = 18 kWh/(m²a) = =

Fulfilled?*

yes yes yes -

–––––––––––

67.6

W/K

W/K 0.0 120 kWh/(m²a)

2 kWh/(mSummer a) ventilation regulation-

K °C 1/h Wh/(m³K) 1/h 1/h 1/h 1/h Wh/m³

HRV/ERV

None 0.6 1/h x Controlled by temperature * empty field: data missing; Controlled by enthalpy Always Additional ventilation Controlled by temperature x Controlled by humidity

yes '-': no requirement

ERV

SHX

Sum opaque areas

W/m² =

kWh/(m2a)

DHW, space heating and auxiliary electricity

W/m²

kWh/(m2a)

lighting, electrical appliances

We confirm that the values given herein have been determined the PHPP methodology Orientation Angle followingShading Lossof and the area factor factor Dirt based on the characteristic values of the building. Summer Summer The PHPP calculations are attached to this application. 0.03 0.95 1. North 0.9 * * 0.08 0.95 2. East 0.9 * * 0.01 0.95 3. South 0.9 * * 1.00 0.95 4. West 0.9 * * 1.00 0.95 5. Horizontal 0.9 * *

Mechanical cooling: HSummer heat conductance

from 'SummVent' worksheet

Passive House?

°C

1.00 1.00 1.00 ² 1.00 m 1.00 2 kWh/(m a) 0.75 1.00 W/m2 1.00 1.00 kWh/(m2a) 1.00 1.00 2 W/m

of overheating (> 25 °C) Exterior thermal transmittance, Frequency HT,e Heating, dehumidification, DHW, Ground thermal transmittance, HT,g cooling, Primary energy

Summer ventilation

135.2 m² 338 m³ Building volume: 2.0 Internal humidity sources: g/(m²h) Enclosed volume Ve m³: °C Treated floor area ATFA:

Building:

Postcode / City:limit: Overtemperature

OPTION 2 Opaque shading screens are added along facades to shade the windows exposed to east and west sun rays. Significant overheating reduction is around 42% compared to the basecase. At this stage cooling load and cooling demand requirements comply with Passive House standarts.

Building type:

g-ValueVladislav

Name: Area

0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00

Artyukhov * * * * *

Aperture

Portion of glazing

Surname:

(perp. radiation)

* * * * *

PHPP Version 8.5

m²

7.6 9.4 18.1 0.0 0.0

* Company: * * * *

56% = 63% = 69% = 0% = 0% =

Solar aperture

0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0

Total Specif. power qI

ATFA

W/m²

m²

3.2

Internal heat gains QI 20.2%

Frequency of overheating h Jmax

Issued on:

m²

135 =

Signature:

1.7 –––––––––––

m²/m²

2.0

0.01

W/m²

434

3.2

At the overheating limit max = 25 °C

If the "frequency over 25°C" exceeds 10%, additional measures to protect against the heat during the summer are necessary. Daily internal temperature stroke PHPP, Verification Transmission

Ventilation

Solar load

kWh/d

(

0.0

10.4

ATFA:

Spec. capacity 1/k

1000

Wh/(m²K)

PHPP_EN_V8.5_Block_final_shading_.xls

m²

135

1.3

ORUGAS DE BARCELONA OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERCITY 2016-2017

P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

PASSIVE HOUSE VERIFICATION / OPTION 3 Passive House verification

Photo or Drawing

Building: Street: Postcode / City:

Spain

Country: Building type:

Barcelona

Climate:

Altitude of building site (in [m] above sea level):

Home owner / Client: Street: Postcode/City: Architecture: Street:

S U M M E R: P A S S I V E C O O L I N G

Postcode City: Passive House /planning: Mechanical system:

Climate: Barcelona

Street:

25 Nominal humidity: 12 Year of construction: Spec. capacity: 60 No. of dwelling units: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

°C g/kg

Wh/(m²K)

3.9

No. ofassembly occupants: Building

Temperature zone

* * * * 135.2 * * * * * * *

auxiliary electricity,

6 9

10 9

0.0 22.0 0.33 0.60 0.45 4.73 0.00 0.00 87%

0.6

Air change rate due to mechanical, automatically controlled ventilation

Specific power consumption for HR

18.5

= 22.2 = = Requirements = = 15 kWh/(m²a) = 10 W/m² 26.9 = = 18 kWh/(m²a) = =

Fulfilled?*

yes yes yes -

–––––––––––

67.6

W/K

W/K 0.0 120 kWh/(m²a)

2 kWh/(mSummer a) ventilation regulation-

K °C 1/h Wh/(m³K) 1/h 1/h 1/h 1/h Wh/m³

HRV/ERV

None 0.6 1/h x Controlled by temperature * empty field: data missing; Controlled by enthalpy Always Additional ventilation Controlled by temperature x Controlled by humidity

yes '-': no requirement

ERV

SHX

Sum opaque areas

W/m² =

kWh/(m2a)

DHW, space heating and auxiliary electricity

W/m²

kWh/(m2a)

lighting, electrical appliances

We confirm that the values given herein have been determined the PHPP methodology Orientation Angle followingShading Lossof and the area factor factor Dirt based on the characteristic values of the building. Summer Summer The PHPP calculations are attached to this application. 0.04 0.95 1. North 0.9 * * 0.08 0.95 2. East 0.9 * * 0.03 0.95 3. South 0.9 * * 1.00 0.95 4. West 0.9 * * 1.00 0.95 5. Horizontal 0.9 * *

Mechanical cooling: HSummer heat conductance

from 'SummVent' worksheet

Passive House?

°C

1.00 1.00 1.00 ² 1.00 m 1.00 2 kWh/(m a) 0.75 1.00 W/m2 1.00 1.00 kWh/(m2a) 1.00 1.00 2 W/m

of overheating (> 25 °C) Exterior thermal transmittance, Frequency HT,e Heating, dehumidification, DHW, Ground thermal transmittance, HT,g cooling, Primary energy

Summer ventilation

135.2 m² 338 m³ Building volume: 2.0 Internal humidity sources: g/(m²h) Enclosed volume Ve m³: °C Treated floor area ATFA:

Building:

Postcode / City:limit: Overtemperature

OPTION 3 (taken for the development) Opaque shading screens along facades modified to provide 30% transparency in order to allow more natural light into the apartment and to not obscure views outward. Overheating reduction is not affected much and is around 39% compared to the basecase. At this stage cooling load and cooling demand requirements still comply with Passive House standarts.

Building type:

g-ValueVladislav

Name: Area

0.50 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00

Artyukhov * * * * *

Aperture

Portion of glazing

Surname:

(perp. radiation)

* * * * *

PHPP Version 8.5

m²

7.6 9.4 18.1 0.0 0.0

* Company: * * * *

56% = 63% = 69% = 0% = 0% =

Solar aperture

Total Specif. power qI

ATFA

W/m²

m²

3.2

Internal heat gains QI 20.5%

Frequency of overheating h Jmax

135 =

Issued on:

m²

0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0

Signature:

1.7 –––––––––––

m²/m²

2.1

0.02

W/m²

434

3.2

At the overheating limit max = 25 °C

If the "frequency over 25°C" exceeds 10%, additional measures to protect against the heat during the summer are necessary. Daily internal temperature stroke PHPP, Verification Transmission

Ventilation

Solar load

kWh/d

(

0.0

11.0

PHPP_EN_V8.5_Block_final_shading_opt2.xls

ATFA:

Spec. capacity 1/k

1000

Wh/(m²K)

m²

135

1.4

ORUGAS DE BARCELONA OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERCITY 2016-2017

P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

PERSPECTIVE VIEW

ORUGAS DE BARCELONA OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERCITY 2016-2017

P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II

REFERENCES Alternative Energy Tutorials, 2017. Alternative Energy Tutorials Website. Wave Energy Devices. [online] Available at: http://www.alternative-energy-tutorials.com/wave-energy/wave-energy-devices. html [Accessed 06 Apr. 2017] Skråmestø, Ø., Skilhagen, S., Nielsen, W. Power Production based on Osmotic Pressure / www.oursocialmedia.com. [online] Available at: http://www.oursocialmedia.com/wp-content/uploads/power-production-based-on-osmotic-pressure.pdf [Accessed 24 Feb. 2017] Uiowa Wiki, 2017. Uiowa Wiki Website. Oscillating Water Column. [online] Available at: https://wiki. uiowa.edu/display/greenergy/Oscillating+Water+Column [Accessed 06 Apr. 2017]

Figure 1 - Spain. Google Maps, 2017 / www.google.co.uk (2017). [online] Available at: https://www. google.co.uk/maps/ [Accessed 03 May 2017] Figure 2 - Catalunya. Google Maps, 2017 / www.google.co.uk (2017). [online] Available at: https:// www.google.co.uk/maps/ [Accessed 03 May 2017] Figure 3 - Barcelona. Google Maps, 2017 / www.google.co.uk (2017). [online] Available at: https:// www.google.co.uk/maps/ [Accessed 03 May 2017] Figure 4 - Barcelona, Sant Marti. Google Maps, 2017 / www.google.co.uk (2017). [online] Available at: https://www.google.co.uk/maps/ [Accessed 03 May 2017] Figure 5 - Prevailing waves’ direction in Barcelona. Port de Barcelona, 2017 / www.portdebarcelona. cat (2016). [online] Available at: http://www.portdebarcelona.cat/en/web/el-port/oceanografia-fisica/ [Accessed 17 March 2017] Figure 6 - Oscillating Water Column Technology. Uiowa Wiki Website, 2017 / wiki.uiowa.edu (2017). [online] Available at: https://wiki.uiowa.edu/display/greenergy/Oscillating+Water+Column [Accessed 17 March 2017]

Figure 7 - Wells Turbine. Tek-Think Website, 2014 / tek-think.com (2014). [online] Available at: http:// tek-think.com/2014/08/10/building-voith-wells-generator-wave-energy-converter-everywhere/ [Accessed 17 March 2017] Figure 8 - Barcelona Site. Ajuntament de Barcelona, 2017 / www.barcelona.cat (2017). [online] Available at: https://w33.bcn.cat/planolBCN/ca/guia/zoom/3/angle/44.4/position/434713,4584537/ [Accessed 23 Feb. 2017] Figure 9 - Osmotic Principle. Yuva Engineers, 2010 / www.yuvaengineers.com(2010). [online] Available at: http://www.yuvaengineers.com/osmotic-power-rohini-md-ahmad-peer/ [Accessed 22 March 2017] Figure 10 - Osmotic Technology. Power Production based on Osmotic Pressure / www.oursocialmedia.com. [online] Available at: http://www.oursocialmedia.com/wp-content/uploads/power-production-based-on-osmotic-pressure.pdf [Accessed 24 Feb. 2017] Figure 11 - Osmotic Equipment. Power Production based on Osmotic Pressure / www.oursocialmedia.com. [online] Available at: http://www.oursocialmedia.com/wp-content/uploads/power-production-based-on-osmotic-pressure.pdf [Accessed 24 Feb. 2017]

ORUGAS DE BARCELONA OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERCITY 2016-2017

P30406 Sustainable Dewsign in Context 16024772 Vladislav Artyukhov MArchD Part II