section 2, chapter 8 joints

Chapter 8, Section 2 Types of Joint Movements

Types of Joint Movements Movement at a joint occurs when a muscle contracts and its fibers pull its moveable end (insertion) towards its fixed end (origin).

Abduction = movement away from the midline (think of someone being abducted, or taken away)

Adduction = movement towards the midline (think of adding together)

Types of Joint Movements Flexion = decreases the angle of a joint • Bend elbow

Extension = increases the angle of a joint • Extend elbow

Hyperextension = extension beyond the anatomical position • bend hand back, bend head back beyond anatomical position

Types of Joint Movements Rotation = movement around a central axis • Twisting the head from side to side • Turning a doorknob

Circumduction = movement so end follows a circular path • moving the finger in a circular motion without moving the hand.

Types of Joint Movements Supination = turning the hand so the palm faces upward or anteriorly Pronation = turning the hand so the palm faces downward or posteriorly

Dorsiflexion = movement at the ankles that points toes towards the sky Plantar flexion = movement at the ankles that points toes towards the ground

Types of Joint Movements Elevation = raising a part • Shrugging the shoulders

Depression = lowering a part • Drooping the shoulders

Protraction = moving a part forward • thrusting head forward

Retraction = moving a part backward • pulling the head backward

Types of Joint Movements Eversion = turning the foot so the planter surface faces laterally Inversion = turning the foot so the plantar surface faces medially

End of Chapter 8, Section 2