Chapter 8, Section 2 Types of Joint Movements
Types of Joint Movements Movement at a joint occurs when a muscle contracts and its fibers pull its moveable end (insertion) towards its fixed end (origin).
Abduction = movement away from the midline (think of someone being abducted, or taken away)
Adduction = movement towards the midline (think of adding together)
Types of Joint Movements Flexion = decreases the angle of a joint • Bend elbow
Extension = increases the angle of a joint • Extend elbow
Hyperextension = extension beyond the anatomical position • bend hand back, bend head back beyond anatomical position
Types of Joint Movements Rotation = movement around a central axis • Twisting the head from side to side • Turning a doorknob
Circumduction = movement so end follows a circular path • moving the finger in a circular motion without moving the hand.
Types of Joint Movements Supination = turning the hand so the palm faces upward or anteriorly Pronation = turning the hand so the palm faces downward or posteriorly
Dorsiflexion = movement at the ankles that points toes towards the sky Plantar flexion = movement at the ankles that points toes towards the ground
Types of Joint Movements Elevation = raising a part • Shrugging the shoulders
Depression = lowering a part • Drooping the shoulders
Protraction = moving a part forward • thrusting head forward
Retraction = moving a part backward • pulling the head backward
Types of Joint Movements Eversion = turning the foot so the planter surface faces laterally Inversion = turning the foot so the plantar surface faces medially
End of Chapter 8, Section 2