Proceedings of the training on Desi Bird Breed Farm Management and Preventive Vaccination Venue: Chattarpur, Jharkhand Date: 9th - 10th, July 2015
Introduction As part of RRA Network, Vikas Sahyog Kendra (VSK) has been implementing comprehensive pilot in Chhattarpur Block, Palamau District, Jharkhand. The pilot area is 65,536 ha, and covered 10 gram panchayats, of 50 villages. VSK has been making efforts in strengthening the livestock based livelihoods particularly through goatry and backyard poultry for the past two years. With help of local AHD organized an orientation session on preventive vaccination for large animals. 15 vaccinators cum CRPs have got benefited. About 3500 large and small ruminants
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have been vaccinated against FMD. About 90 elevated goat shelters were constructed through the help of CRPs in the area. Regarding Backyard poultry in the CP area, disease outbreaks like Ranikhet, Fowl pox are most dangerous diseases. Entire poultry population wipes out by Ranikhet annually; No support system for vaccination, Non availability of chicks of Desi birds, Lack of proper night shelters results in high levels of predation and theft and Low hatchability of eggs etc. If the above constraints are eased, then potential income of about Rs.10,000 per household through backyard poultry can be easily achieved.
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Evolved Strategy
Establish 5 Desi Birds Breed Farm Enterprises in 5 Panchayat in small scale (50 hen unit / Enterprise) for regular supply of chicks of Desi Birds supplying chicks to households
Better Management Practices and constant supply of chicks to 250 households rearing about 5 to 10 hen units in the backyards.
Community Resource Person providing vaccination and primary health care services and market linkages (inputs and outputs).
So far 3 Backyard Poultry Units have been established in the CP area. As per the above context VSK is organized two days training program on BYP management especially for vaccinators cum CRPs.
After a general round of introduction, Facilitator did a brainstorming exercise that the participants were asked to estimate the loss occurred after hatching of chicks (given an assumption that the hen will lay 10 eggs). Each participant gave an estimate given their experience. The result was that survival rate of chicks was 63%. Out of total, 24% were estimated to die due to diseases. 17% was estimate to die because of predation (wild cat, eagle, snake etc.), 4% loss because of theft and 1% loss due to environment condition (cold weather). It appears that about 40% of lose is occurring due to lack of good care and management. In the second exercise the participants were divided in three groups. Each group was asked to list out the existing resources which can be utilized for keeping desi poultry. They were also asked to draw a figure which represents the existing system of Desi bird keeping. Each group gave a presentation of their discussion.
The Two days training program was organized for vaccinators / CRP on Desi Bird breed farm management and vaccination at training hall of VSK field office in Chattarpur of Jharkand. The training was given by Dr. Sunny from RRA network. A total of 15 vaccinators all are men from 11 panchayats were participated in this training.
DAY - 1 Specific Objectives of the Training
To build the management.
community
cadre
on
BYP
To reduce the mortality of poultry and increase the production and generate substantial household income through BYP.
Dr. Sunny summarized the discussion and spoke about the innovative methods brought out by the group. The innovative aspect of the first group was that they showed poultry rearing inside a fence. They kept the birds inside a night shelter and restricted the birds inside a fence. The second group innovative aspect was that they envisioned poultry rearing on the top of the pond. The poultry manure of the birds could be used as feed for the fish. The third group brought out the aspect of night shelter in an elevated platform. Dr. Sunny focused on the first model where the birds will be kept inside fencing. He said that the major challenge in this model was that of naturally availability of fodder. He said that following things should be taken into consideration for construction of night shelter:
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In the night shelter the number of birds should be in according to 1 Sq. feet per bird
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The running space inside the fence should be 2 mt sq/per bird. Height of the fencing would be 6-8 feet height.
The night shelter should be constructed from east to west direction
The ratio of hen to cock should be 5:1
The dimension of fence can be 20 mts. length and 25 mts width (500smt) and it will be sufficient for 50 hens breed farm.
Speaking on the issue of availability of poultry feed inside the fence, Dr. Sunny said that special arraignment should be made known as scavenging feed resource base (SFRB) to increase the feed availability He explained that generally in the villages farmers feed only 15% of feed at home and remaining feed will be scavenged by poultry in the periphery of the houses therefore if no interventions are made inside the fencing area birds will not get enough feed. He suggested that maize cultivation can be done around the fence by spacing 30cm to each plant so that farmer can obtain about 40kg of corn feed. Also should grow different varieties of vegetables (1.5 sft plot/per each variety) like Amaranthus, Curcubits and pulses like beans, cowpea and red gram can be grown inside the fence. Azolla pit would be established to introduce Azolla as poultry feed. Raising earth worms through vermiculture would also helpful for farmers as protein food. Planting 5 saplings of drumstick plants would help enhancement of protein based feed availability within the fenced area and sale of drumstick pods are extra income for the poultry owner.
DAY - 2
On the second day the team visited Kokro village where an entrepreneur named Tetri Devi has set up a poultry breeding centre. We used thermo flask to carry RD vaccine instead of general ice box. To carry vaccine for longer distance villages, thermo flask would be very helpful and we can maintain the cold chain up to 24hrs. Dr. Sunny showed a demonstration on mixing vaccine into sterile diluents. He suggested conducting vaccination camp either in the early morning or late evening he cautioned that the prepared RD vaccine should be used in couple of hours though maintaining cold chain. He also suggested that prior to the any vaccine deworming should be done. The entrepreneur has 26 hen and 6 cocks. Trainees administered the Lasota eye drops to all birds. About 100 birds from the village was vaccinated which are covered by 15 families. Team has planned to cover other remaining birds in the same night.
Then the discussion was on the symptoms, effects and prevention techniques of Ranikhet (New Castle disease). Dr. Sunny shared a PPT informing about the common symptoms of Ranikhet/ Newcastle disease. He described major symptoms like gasping, coughing, swelling of the tissues around the eyes, greenish diarrhea and twisting of neck and sudden death. He has also explained about the preventive vaccination and its schedule. First day session was closed while planning of the vaccination camp at Kokro village on the next day.
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After returning from the Vaccination Camp a session was organized on the disease management of Desi Birds. Facilitator suggested RD vaccine (Lasota) schedule according to the age of birds i.e., 5 day old, 28th day and then once in two months.
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Facilitator shared about prevention and control of diseases like Fowl pox, white diarrhea, intestinal worms and poultry lice etc. For White diarrhea and intestinal worms Dr Sunny has suggested some validated herbal medicines like Kalimeg/ Chirata decoction use as a dewormer and also to control bacterial white diarrhea. Acorus calamus and Neem oil can be used to control poultry lice. Dr. Sunny showed few video movies on poultry livelihood option, perspectives and opportunities. The following disease and symptoms prevalent in goat was also discussed: As per the participant’s interest we also did mapping of goat diseases which commonly occurs in the area:
Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) locally known as PetJhari symptoms like Cold, cough, fever, bloody diarrhea with smell, and running nose. F.M.D – (Khora Chapka) Foot and mouth disease
Contagious Ecthyma – warts around the lips and mouth
Goat pox – Chechak need to diagnosed?
Mange – lose of hair due to mange
Trypnosomiasis (Ghumri or Chipki) – Fits like symptoms observed by farmers
Enterotoxaemia (ET) mostly appears in June and healthy animals affects by ET.
Bottle jaw (Guilty)
Dr Sunny has explained to trainees about vaccines which are available for goat’s diseases. He said that PPR vaccine can be done in September / October, FMD can be done in August, ET should be given in before monsoon. He has suggested that a detailed training program on Goats is much essential and it can be planned in October. At the end an action plan was prepared in which a target was given for collection of poultry data by 20th July and complete RD vaccination in 10 panchayat by 30th July, 2015.
List of Participants Sno.
Name of the Participants
Role
1.
Madan Kumar Bharti
Community Resource Person from Kachanpur Panchayat
2.
Chandeshwer Ram
Community Resource Person from Chhatterpur Panchayat
3.
Chunmun Oraon
Community Resource Person from Chhatterpur Panchayat
4.
Santosh Ram
Community Resource Person from Mashihani Panchayat
5.
Lal Bahadur Singh
Community Resource Person from Dali Panchayat
6.
Laleshwer Yadav
Community Resource Person from Dali Panchayat
7.
Santosh Kumar
Community Resource Person from Sildag Panchayat
8.
Mundrika Bhagat
Community Resource Person from Charai Panchayat
9.
Ramraj Singh
Community Resource Person from Rudwa Panchayat
10.
Binesh Kumar Ravi
Community Resource Person from Kheradohar Panchayat
11.
Santosh Ram
Community Resource Person from Murumdag Panchayat
12.
Santosh Oraon
Community Resource Person from Hutukdag Panchayat
13.
Sakendra Ram
Community Resource Person from Charai Panchayat
14.
Santosh Prasad
Community Resource Person from Mumumdag Panchayat
15.
Satendra Oraon
Entrepreneur from Hulsum Panchayat
16.
Umesh Yadav
Entrepreneur from Charai Panchayat
17.
Gupteshwer Prasad Gupta
Intersected entrepreneur
18.
Arun Kandulna
VSK staff
19.
Anand Tirkey
VSK staff
20.
Niraj Lakra
VSK Staff
21.
Dr. M.L. Sanyasi Rao (Sunny)
Trainer from RRA network
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