(2015-2020) Landscapes of POWER by Wei Ding

P O R T F O L L

DING

WEI

2015-2020 Collection of Undergraduate Projects

I O O

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CONTENTS A TREE'S

Landscapes of POWER

URPOSE

Landscapes of POWER 01 - River Ecological Restoration -----------------------------------------01

STEEL

ASIS

Landscapes of POWER 02 - Industrial Sites Reconstruction---------------------------------13

URBAN

ANDERING BALCONY

Landscapes of POWER 03 - Urban Park Design -----------------------------------------------21

MPATHY SPACE

Landscapes of POWER 04 - Contemporary Conservatory Design -------------------------------29

ENAISSANCE

Landscapes of POWER 05 - Chinese Classical Landscape Design -------------------------------39

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ABSTRACT

Landscapes of POWER 01

A TREE'S

PURPOSE River Ecological Restoration

Located in the heart of northern Cambodia, Tonle Sap Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia. The lakeside plain is flat and broad, 500 km long and more than 110 km wide, running from northwest to southeast across Cambodia. It meets the Mekong River that runs through Cambodia in Phnom Penh. It is like a huge turquoise emerald, inlaid on the land of Cambodia, and provides a solid resource guarantee for the development and prosperity of the Khmer people. It is the "lake of life" for the Cambodian people. However, some villagers settled at the mouth of Tonle Sap Lake, causing huge damage to the Lake. The estuary of Tonle Sap Lake carries the sediment exchange between Tonle Sap Lake and Mekong River year after year, and is the only channel for fish migration in Tonle Sap Lake. In order to obtain timber and arable land, the villagers cut down the lush mangroves on the bank of the lake. Mangrove forests have plummeted, local fish and birds have lost their habitat and food sources, and their numbers have decreased. At the same time, after the mangroves were felled, the river bank's sediment also eroded, and the estuary to the lake gradually blocked, preventing the sediment exchange between Tonle Sap Lake and Mekong River, and the hydrological conditions of Tonle Sap Lake deteriorated year by year. The excessive logging has caused the ecological damage of Tonle Sap Lake. The ecological damage of Tonle Sap Lake has put the entire Cambodian primary industry into crisis. To change the status quo, change from the source.

Southeast Asia

Tonle Sap Lake Mekong River Basin

Cambodia

INDIVIDUAL WORK ADVISOR: WU YI LOCATION: TONLE SAP LAKE, CAMBODIA AREA: 16,000 KM2

Here I decided to start with materials from everywhere and use the lush mangrove forests on the river bank to intervene in the river. With only a few devices, the river can be gradually returned to a healthy shape under the action of the flow and sediment, so as to continuously improve the ecosystem of Tonle Sap Lake.

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River Ecological Restoration

FLOOD PULSE IN TONLE SAP LAKE

ANNUAL CYCLE FLOOD EXTENT OF TONLE SAP LAKE Every year during the rainy season, the water of the Mekong River is injected into the lake, which triples the area of the lake during the dry season.

FLOOD PULSE

Flooded area

Permanent Lake

Tributary & Floating Village

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May.

Jun.

Jul.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

CHANGES IN TONLE SAP LAKE BASIN In recent years, man-made destruction has caused mangrove and fish destruction here.

Estuary

Mangrove

The design site was selected at the narrow estuary of Tonle Sap Lake, and more than 100,000 people live in the floating village on Tonle Sap Lake. The lake is the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia and supplies many floating villages for fishing.

Flood Village

During the monsoon from June to November, the rising Mekong water flowed back into the Tonle Sap Lake, increasing the area of the Tonle Sap Lake from about 2700 square kilometers to about 10360 square kilometers, and the depth also increased from 0.9 to 3 meters to 9 to 14 meters, ships with a draught of 3 meters can be traced to the tributaries, reaching cities along the tributaries, such as Kampong Thum, Diemreab, Batdambang, and Pouthisat. During the dry season, the lake water flows into the Mekong River through the Tonle Sap River, which supplements the shortage of water in the Mekong River.

HISTORY

Village Forming

Mangrove Area Fish Farmland Area Flood Pulse Wasteland Area

Villagers Expansion

Seasonality Decrease Mangrove Decrease

Building Construction

Before 1718

1892

1907

2001

2012

NOW

Since 1718, the first fishermen have settled in Tonle Sap. They capture the natural resources of the local area-logging is used to make ships and houses, land is cultivated to grow rice, and fish is used to obtain protein. With the continuous expansion of the village these year, the villagers' demand for Tonle Sap Lake has gradually increased, the mangroves here are disappearing, and fish are also decreasing year by year.

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SITE ANALYSIS HYDROLOGICAL CHANGES Jan.

Lake Deepth

Mar.

May.

Jul.

Sept.

Nov.

Flow Direction Temperature(oC) TSS(mg/L) DO(mg/L)

Catch Change

NARRATIVE: PROBLEMS & CHALLENGES During the annual dry season, the water of Tonle Sap flows into the Mekong River through the estuary. During the annual rainy season, the flood of the Mekong River flows back into the Tonle Sap through the lake entrance, bringing rich nutrients and fish, and making the area of Tonle Sap Lake triple. Periodic floods have flooded the estuary of Tonle Sap with lush mangroves. Mangrove forests provide habitat for the fish that must pass here when migrating. and the abundance of fish means that more and more villagers come here to settle down and fish. From years of satellite imagery, it can be seen that the village continues to develop along the river, and the area of the floating village continues to expand. The lush mangrove forests on the river delta were cut down and replaced by pieces of farmland, but the farmland was periodically abandoned. New farmland is being continuously cultivated, but abandoned farmland is difficult to recover. On the other hand, it can be seen from the literature that the crisis at Tonle Sap is severe. The riverbanks lacking mangroves are eroding and the river channels are gradually blocked. The water quality of Tonle Sap is slowly but continuously deteriorating. At the same time, the fish production of Tonle Sap Lake has declined sharply, affecting fish supply in the Tonle Sap Lake basin.

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LEGEND Flood Boundary Mangrove Forests Permanent Lake Area Mangrove Decline Tendency N

Main Villagers Inhabited Area Seasonal Flood Area Villages Migration Tendency Seasonal Flood

4KM

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A TREE'S PURPOSE

WHAT IS THE PROBLEM? The most fundamental reason for the ecological destruction of Tonle Sap is man-made destruction. In order to sell fish for income and food, villagers over-fished; to clear farmland and get timber to build houses and boats, the villagers over-logged. Over-fishing and over-logging have caused a series of ecological problems.

Fish

Income

Fish Reduce

Income

Overfishing

Fish Logging Cabins

Shelter

Boats

Traffic

Channel Jam Root Consolidation Decreased

Mangrove Decay

Soil

Soil Erosion

Loss

Root Consolidation Decreased

Excessive Logging

Mangrove Decay

Forestry Recession Forestry Recession

Nutrient Exchanges

Channel Jam

Soil

Soil Erosion

Soil Impoverishment

Nutrient

Traffic

Excessive Logging

Biodiversity Decrease

Animals Reduce Nutrient Exchanges

Nutrient

Cabins

Animals Reduce

Biodiversity Decrease

Loss

Agricultural Soil Impoverishment Recession

ECONOMIC

With Flood Pulses With Flood Pulses

Shelter

For Farming

Food

Habitat Destruction Habitat Destruction

For Farming

Food

Villagers’ Basic Needs Villagers’ Basic Needs

Fish Reduce

Fish Logging

Fish Migration Blocked Fish Migration Blocked

Fish

Agricultural Recession DECLINE

Blocked

Riverway Destroyed

ECOLOGICAL DESTRUCTION:

ECOLOGICAL DESTRUCTION ECOLOGICAL DESTRUCTION

Riverway Destroyed

Blocked

Over-logging has reduced mangroves and caused a decline in forestry.

Fisheries Recession

After the mangrove forest was destroyed, the river bank was eroded, nutrients in the water were lost, and the blocked river channels prevented nutrient exchange between Tonle Sap and the Mekong River. The fertile soil on the delta became barren, leading to a decline in agriculture.

Fisheries Recession

PURPOSE River Ecological Restoration River Ecological Restoration

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Overfishing, habitat destruction, and blocked migration have reduced fish stocks, leading to the decline in fisheries.

STRATEGY

Who to do?

1-Mangrove Cutting

Riverbank Restoration Biological Conservation

Fishermen Who to do?

2-Ecological Fish Tank 1-Mangrove Cutting

Riverbed Restoration Riverbank Restoration

Mangroves Fishermen

3-Barrages 2-Ecological Fish Tank

Riverway Restoration Riverbed Restoration

What can use? Mangroves

4-Deflector 3-Barrages

Riverway Restoration

What can use?

4-Deflector

Biological Conservation

CORE STRATEGY

At the same time, the reduction of mangroves has eroded the soil on the river banks, gradually blocked the river channels, and lost nutrients made the soil barren. These combined factors caused the river channel to be destroyed. ECONOMIC DECLINE:

ECONOMIC DECLINE

HOW TO SOLVE IT? PURPOSE CORE STRATEGY

Excessive logging not only led to the decline of mangroves, but also destroyed the area's biological habitat and led to a reduction in animals. Excessive fishing and blocked rivers which prevent fish migration also drastically reduced the species and quantity of fish. The reduction of mangroves, fish and other organisms has reduced the biodiversity here.

STRATEGY

In order to restore the health of the river basin, the core strategies are biological conservation and river restoration. River restoration can be subdivided into riverbank restoration, riverbed restoration, and riverway restoration.Here are four core strategies: mangrove cuttings to restore mangroves; ecological fish tanks to protect fish and prevent river banks from being eroded; barrages to rebuild riverbeds under the influence of water currents; deflectors rebuild river channels and prevent river banks erosion. Considering the local resources, the most suitable people for restoration work are the fishermen who settle in the estuary in large numbers, and the best restoration tool is the lush mangroves growing on the river beach. It is hoped that by cutting a small amount of mangroves, the corresponding structures will be made and placed in rivers to restore the local ecological environment and grow mangroves several times the consumption.

River Ecological Restoration

STEP I - CUT DOWN A TREE

STEP II - DECOMPOSE THE TREE

STEP III - RESTORE THE RIVER channel width

TWIG

01 - MANGROVE CUTTING Use tree roots and branches for tipping and lay on eroded river banks. Take the twigs of mangrove and cut them on the cuttings. Twigs will grow on cuttings, which will rot when the seedlings are rooted in the soil, providing the nutrients needed for the growth of the saplings.

flow

low water level

scour the slope

BRANCH fish shelter

flow th

el wid

chann

low water level

02-ECOLOGICAL FISH TANK Set up fish tanks with branches and arrange them on the eroded shore to strengthen the river bank. At the same time, the still water area inside the fish tanks provides a habitat for the growth and migration of fry. Mangrove twigs are cut into the fish tanks. The mangroves provide food for the fish, and the manure of the fish provides nutrients for the mangroves.

BOUGH channel width deep pools

flow

BOLE

low water level

03 - BARRAGES

Take the boles of the mangroves diagonally on the river to form the center of the barrages, with the tip facing the direction of the water flow. After passing through the barrage, a deep pond water purification zone will be formed behind the barrage, providing a shelter for fishes, and at the same time reshaping the healthy form of the deep pond-shoal on the river bed.

04 - DEFLECTOR

flow

ROOT

channel width low water level

The boles are connected and arranged at an angle on the river bank, and the center is filled with boughs to form a deflector. Deflectors can locally change the direction of water flow, protect the river bank, and rebuild the beaches, meanwhile, make the trend of the river meander and rebuild healthy river channels.

sleeper

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A TREE'S PURPOSE

MASTERPLAN LEGEND 1

ordinary flow

STRATEGY PLACEMENT

rainy season flow

cruise

mangrove cutting area

barrages area

dry season flow

village

ecological fish tank area

deflector area

The mangrove cuttings are arranged on the bank of destroyed mangroves.

Ecological fish tanks are placed on the banks of destroyed mangrove forests and on the banks of the rivers through which fish migrate.

1 7 6

The barrage is located in the middle of a channel less than 18m wide.

3 5

The deflector is arranged on both sides of the river with a width of more than 18m and needs to be rebuilt. N

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200

400

600

800M

River Ecological Restoration YEAR 0

STRATEGY01 - Mangrove Cutting & STRATEGY02 - Ecological Fish Tank

YEAR 3 branch root

twig bough

mangroves

bough

farmland

Mangrove cuttings and ecological fish tanks were set up along the river bank, and farmland was abandoned. About three years, the branches, boughs and roots used to lay tips and build fish boxes will rot, and the mangrove shoots will rely on the nutrients produced by the wood and fish to grow into seedlings. New mangroves replaced farmland, biodiversity rebounded, and river banks were gradually restored.

YEAR 0

YEAR 3 bole

mangroves

YEAR 0

mangroves

YEAR 3 bole bough

village

bole

mangroves village

bole bough

STRATEGY03 - BARRAGES A barrage is arranged in the middle of the small river channel, so that the river bed forms a healthy form of deep pools-shoals under the action of the current. Deep ponds in the water form a still water area that attracts fish to settle and enriches the river's biological habitat. Mangrove forests on both sides of the strait will gradually form due to the increase in organisms. The root system of the mangrove forest has a fixed effect on the soil, prevents riparian erosion, promotes the deepening of the river bed, and re-drains the small river channels.

STRATEGY04 - DEFLECTOR The deflector is arranged on one side of the large river channel, guides the direction of the current, protects the river bank, and rebuilds the side beach, so that the river channel forms a winding shape. The river channel is deepened by the current, and the banks on both sides will be rebuilt and mangroves will be regrown. As the mangroves grow, the deflector will gradually decay, providing organic matter for tree growth. The meandering form of the river will also gradually mature.

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A TREE'S PURPOSE

RIVER SECTION IN DRY SEASON Villagers give up low-yield farming land, pick mangroves during the dry season, and cut down appropriately. Then break down the tree into five parts: twigs, branches, boughs, boles, and roots, and recombine them into five strategies: mangrove cuttings, ecological fish tanks, barrages, and deflectors. Placing the five structures in the right places will promote the growth of mangroves, fish and rivers in this area.

ecological fish tank area village

farmland

mangrove cutting area

deflector area mangroves

FLOOD WATER LEVEL

VILLAGER'S WORKING CYCLE

ORDINARY WATER LEVEL

Villagers fished when the flood came, and logging equipment installed to maintain the river after the flood subsided. When the next flood came, the device began to change the river under the action of the current, making the river healthy. The entrance of Tonle Sap Lake will become healthy under the alternating effects of villagers and currents. More mangroves will grow, and more wood and fish will be returned to the villagers. A virtuous cycle will begin to form.

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River Ecological Restoration

ECOLOGICAL ECONOMIC SYSTEM During the dry season, fishermen give up farming to conserve mangroves and receive food and financial subsidies from farms and cities. During the rainy season, saplings grow into forests. Fishermen fish and cut down trees to supply the entire basin with timber and fish. At the same time, dense mangroves repair river channels and promote ecological restoration. Floating village, suburban farmland and cities support each other, forming a complete ecological and economic system and promoting the virtuous cycle of Tonle Sap Lake basin.

Fishermen cut down trees to make boats and go into the lake to fish.

The city receives timber and fish from the fishermen and subsidize them financially.

VILLAGERS IN RAINY SEASON

TOWN

The farmland supplies the fishermen with food.

FARMLAND

FISHING

MANGROVE FOREST

ABANDONDED FIELD

VILLAGERS IN DRY SEASON

Fishermen catch fish during the rainy season and sell them to the city for income.

Saplings grow in mangrove forests, and wood is supplied to fishermen, cities and the coming year's seedings.

The abandoned cultivated land was recultivated into mangrove forests

Fishermen cultivate mangroves and receive food and financial subsidies from cities.

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VILLAGER'S LIVES DURING THE SRY SEASON

MANGROVE CUTTING

ECOLOGICAL FISH TANK

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BARRAGES

DEFLECTOR

Villagers are the driving force behind the ecological restoration of Tonle Sap Lake. They used local materials to intervene in the river using the lush mangrove forests on the riverbank. The mangroves were made into a restoration device and arranged in the river so that the river gradually returned to a healthy form under the action of the current. Cuttings promote rapid recovery of mangroves. As beneficiaries of ecological restoration, the government subsidizes the food sources lost by villagers in order to reward them for repairing rivers. Estuary restoration activities will be carried out for a long period of time to allow continuous improvement of the lake's ecosystem.

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ABSTRACT Bei Jing

Hang Zhou

Landscapes of POWER 02

STEEL

OASIS Industrial Sites Reconstruction

Wu Xi 10km Xin Wu District Nan Jing

Wu Xi

Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province is the cradle of China's national industry, with 6.5754 million people settled here. The industry here is booming and there is a large area of industrial land. How to deal with industrial wasteland has become a problem that must be faced here. The design site is an unknown shipyard, once a wharf on the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, and now it is no longer used and has become an industrial wasteland. Due to the dense distribution of surrounding residents but too little public green space, we decided to transform this place into a block park. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is one of the greatest projects in ancient China. We hope to reawaken the memories of the canal through landscape design.

GROUP WORK ADVISOR: LI HAORAN LOCATION: WUXI, JIANGSU, CHINA AREA: 36HM2

We envision the use of the large amount of sediment produced by the canal dredging every year to make undulating terrain, making it like sand dunes in the water. The moving line layout mimics the winding shape of the canal, which is a feeling that people can think of sailing in the canal when walking in it. The preservation of industrial elements serves as a sublimation of the emotions here, as a climax in the narrative of canal memory.

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Industrial Sites Reconstruction

SITE LOCATION

HISTORY

Machinery factory

Located in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China, the site was once a wharf in the Wuxi section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, which served both the functions of canal transport and commodity trade. It once witnessed the prosperity and decline of the canal, and is no longer in use.

park 2.5ha

PROBLEMS

Chemical Plant

year 2019 Steel Distribution Center

silt fertilize soil

Iron Factory

High-tech Company

build Embankment

Machinery factory

Machinery factory Warehouse

Machinery factory Machinery factory

Port Authority l na

Dredging

Chemical Plant

Electric Company

sand sucker

Chemical Plant

Dyestuff Factory

1.5m

2000 dredger

New Material Factory

4ha

• Dredged Sand Volume 92100 m³ (length:1.2km)

0.7m

Electric Company

Boiler Maker

park

Silt depth

Machinery factory

Warehouse

• Remaining Industrial Elements Tower crane

Cargo ship

Logistics companies Container

Crane

Machinery factory park Machinery factory

24ha Iron and Steel Exchange Marke

Warehouse

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STEEL OASIS

TOPOGRAPHY & INDUSTRIAL ELEMENTS To the northeast of the site is the city's main road, which is equipped with railways and urban viaducts, which makes it difficult for people to enter the site.

STRATEGIES After the site was abandoned, the industrial structures were not demolished, so a lot of industrial elements remained on the site. The site has many rails, tower cranes, containers and cranes. These structures are distributed in parallel along the excavated water channel, forming a strong texture on the site.

Route System The route system follows the original texture, and additional path are added on the premise of retaining the main road.

Waterways The three excavated waterways are designed to form a dynamic waterscape space.

Terrain The terrain of the site follows the original direction, and the silt is used for stacking.

To the southwest of the site is the BeijingHangzhou Grand Canal with a history of more than 2500 years. Although the wharf is abandoned, the canal is still in use. Transport and dredging activities continue on the canal.

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Industrial Sites Reconstruction

INDUSTRIAL ELEMENTS According to the original texture of the site, we used the silt generated by the dredging of the canal to give the site a new terrain. Most of the existing railroad tracks, containers and tower cranes are retained. The combination of these industrial elements and the new terrain has formed a rich node space. The containers were restacked to form a street, and the internal space became a small shop to provide services; the tower crane became an excellent viewing point due to its tall shape, and the raised terrain was re-excavated to form a sinking tunnel ... Node spaces are processed. By reassembling industrial structures and adding infrastructure, these node spaces can be used by people and become resting places in the park.

second floor platform

restaurants

skating area

corridor

rest area

railway

railway second floor platform

rest area platform factory railway

crane

railway

crane

wetland

corridor

trees&steps

platform

trees&steps

WATERSIDE Industrial structures at the water's edge, in addition to being integrated with infrastructure, we also consider integrating them with water bodies. Let the water fall from the tower crane, or flow along the railroad tracks, or flow into the plant to water the crops along the channel, so as to enrich the tourist experience and form a different industrial landscape with canal qualities.

second floor platform

trees&steps platform

waterside rest area

experience area

indoor cafe

trees

apuatic plants

rest area railway

stepping stone

E AR

SECTION area C

area B area A

waterside 3 waterside 2

waterside 1

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STEEL OASIS

ANALYSIS OF DESIGN

MASTERPLAN

Function Division The designed site can be divided into three areas from quiet to active.

c zone

b zone

a zone

vegetation layer

water layer

paving layer

main route

secondary routue

route system

vegetation layer

water layer

paving layer

Industrial Elements

Xin gc

Most of the industrial elements have been retained, and a few have been transformed to adapt them to recreation.

g han

Wetland

Children's Playground

Agricultural Plant

Dropping Water Area

Embedded Path

Tree Array

Entrance

Tunnel Landscape

Container Landscape

Skateboard Area

Aerial Corridor

Waterfront Plaza

Platform

Entrance

Plunge Pool

Waterfall

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Park

Tea House

Route System

Xin

Display Area

oad

Entrance

th R

sou

LEGEND

The road system follows the texture of the original site, while responding to the canal navigation.

7 13

19 16 6

Ground Material

Different undersurfaces bring rich experience for people.

15 20

The

nal

n Gra

a dC

100 150

200M

Industrial Sites Reconstruction

ELEMENT LAYERS

CRUISE

PLANTS

Overpass

Waterfall Container Landscape

Tunnel Landscape

Residential Land

Wetland

Waterfall Stepping Stone On Water Surface

INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE

Air lounge Bridges

Industrial Land

CRUISE LINE

Industrial Land

The Grand Cannle

ROUTE SYSTEM Undeveloped Land

GREEN SPACE

Here we have planned a canal cruise. People cross the city railroad and viaduct from the pedestrian bridge and enter the site to play. Guided by the landscape, the tour route keeps turning, forming a continuous z-shape, as if sailing in a river by boat, avoiding the sandbar on the water. Along the way you can see successive railroad tracks, tall tower cranes, deep tunnels and dense containers. These industrial elements remind people of the past and present of the site.

AXONOMETRIC VIEW

The water in the site also appeared in multiple forms-ponds, falls, fountains, waterfalls, which showed the vitality of the site.

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STEEL OASIS

SCENARIOS

01-ENTRANCE SQUARE The entrance square, with rusted steel plates as the exhibition board, is engraved with the history of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, shaping a unique industrial landscape.

02-AGRICULTURAL PLANT The abandoned factory buildings have been preserved, and the containers inside have been transformed into planting ponds to grow crops. The water from the outer canal was piped in to water the soil. The industrial heritage has a new life under the watering of the canal.

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Industrial Sites Reconstruction

03-CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND The terrain outside the abandoned plant is designed as a children's playground. The crop planting area and children's activity area are close to each other, making this site a children's playground for popular science education.

04-CONTAINER CAFE Containers are laid out along rails and terrain. They have been converted into cafes, offering customers a unique industrial atmosphere.

05-SKATEPARK Skatepark is located in the area with the most abundant industrial landscape. Tall tower cranes, straight rails and the undulating relief create a dynamic landscape together.

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ABSTRACT

WANDERING BALCONY Landscapes of POWER 03

URBAN

Daming Palace

Nine-One

The Palace Nine-Two Nine-Three Nine-Four Nine-Five

Urban Park Design

Nine-Six Honggu Tableland

Xi'an is located in the southern part of the Guanzhong Plain in Shaanxi Province. The geological structure also spans the two units of the Qinling Trough Fold Belt and the North China Platform. The north is the alluvial plain and the south is the eroded mountainous area. The general terrain is high in the southeast and low in the northwest and southwest, showing a dustpan shape. The city of Xi'an is built on the Loess Plateau. With the construction of the city, the unique loess is covered by the modern city. We hope to build an urban park in the last loess landform that is now preserved, so that the natural landform can be continued in modern urban life.

GROUP WORK ADVISOR: WU YI LOCATION: XI'AN, SHAANXI PROVINCE, CHINA AREA: 26.2 HM2

Xi'an is a famous historical and cultural city. Thirteen dynasties established capitals here in history. Chang'an is one of them. Since ancient times, the construction of Chang'an has been guided by circumstances. Tang Chang'an was planned and built by Yu Wenkai. It played a decisive role in the construction of Tang Chang'an. The six high slopes located on Chang'an City are still clearly identifiable today. We will build a city park on the Honggu tableland and look back at the six high slopes of ancient Chang'an to create a stage for the display of urban history.

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Urban Park Design

SITE ANALYSIS Residential Area Science And Education Area

T AS

T OR

western exposure

Keep Out The Wind

DRY

elevation

catchment

slope direction

slope angle

Dense Forest Thin Forest

Wind Valley Sunny Lawn Central water

The project base is located in the western part of the aerospace base, in the southern suburb of Xi'an. It is an undeveloped wasteland. The site construction area is about 26 hectares.

Keep Out Of Sight

Sunny Mesa

Sewage Treatment Plant Chasm Road

The internal terrain of the site is complex, and it generally shows a trend toward the southeast and northwest, and there are obvious steep ridges; all four boundaries have significant height differences from urban roads; and the available landscape elements (vegetation, buildings, water bodies, etc.) are less distributed. The slope is westward with good sunshine but the summer is hot and dry. Wind valleys can be formed in the chasm.

SCARP

Residential Area

Business Area

SECTION OF THE SITE

Thin grass land

Forest Monastery

Sinking Square

Dig A Lake

Climb The Mountain

Planting Experience

Wind Valley

Sunny Mesa

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MASTERPLAN

1 4

6 7

2 8

9 10

LEGEND 1

Main Entrance

Secondary Entrance

Permeable Entrance

The Waterfall

Roller Skating Rink

Gazebo

Flower Valley

Gazebo

Main Road

Water Square

Terraced Fields

The Stream

Underground Exhibition Hall

The Lake

Grass Slope

Central Theater

Children's Activity Area

Flower Diameter

The Forest

The Parking Lot

Cliff Cafe

Air Lounge Bridges

Temple

Rest Platform

Bamboo Theatre

Sewage Treatment Plant

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14 12

11 20 24

21 13 16

15 23 18

26 25

Urban Park Design

DESIGN NARRATIVE

The project site located in the western part of the aerospace base, and there is a reserved rectangular site in the southwest for the sewage treatment plant. The aerospace base is located in the southern suburb of Xi'an, adjacent to the Shaolin Ling Duling site. The terrain is relatively complex and the history is profound. The preliminary positioning of the site is a municipal comprehensive park.

RENDERING

There is a height difference of 40m inside the site. We consider retaining the original loess terrace topography to process the site and integrate the site into a multi-level platform. At the same time, we set up vertical traffic and penetrating entrances at the boundary of the park to enrich the accessibility of the park. We hope that the park itself can become an urban balcony, giving people a viewing point to overlook Xi'an city, so that people can have a theater-like experience when they wander in it.

MODEL SCENE

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SECTION

Roller Skating Area

Platform Climbing Area The Bus Stop Cliff Shopping Area

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Square Water Area

Exp

The north and boundary of the park have not been modified too much, retaining the original collapsible loess and mesa landform. The central terrain is entirely trimmed into a three-level terrace, so that people can stand at a height of 40 meters and look out to northwest, overlooking the city of Xi'an.At the same time, the park has extremely high accessibility, opening large entrances in the northwest and northeast corners, and deepening the entrance landscape, while the north and south parts of the area have permeable entrances, and there are aerial bridges connecting with the residential area. The site has vitality, clear movements, and continuous landscape axes. At the same time, it combines viewing and experience. It is an urban comprehensive park with loess plateau characteristics.

High Lookout Area

Ring Park Ride

Climbing Forest Area

Entrance Catering Area

Lakeside Meditation Area

perimental Planting Area

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URBAN WANDERING BALCONY

ENGINEERING DESIGN

VERTICAL DESIGN PLAN

TERRAIN PROCESSING platform chasm road sinking depressions scarp

chasm road extension depression improved

cliff back scarp

the steep ridge gave way to a slope

platform activation platform III surrounded platform II dig a lake to fill a platform I water system mountain dry spray generated square

ENGINEERING DESIGN NARRATIVE The original site showed the overall trend of high in the southeast and low in the northwest. The design of the park follows the trend and is adjusted vertically to reduce the volume of earth as much as possible, while embodying the concept of a large platform. The terrain progresses from the northwest to the southeast, the large entrance is naturally connected to the surrounding roads; on the north side, the site is arranged into a platform, and the surrounding wall is treated as a retaining wall; the eastern side is designed for penetration based on the height difference from the surrounding area. Appropriate retaining walls are set on both sides of the steep slopes in the park, and slope protection is provided in the flatter central area to connect with the surrounding nature; on the southeast side, the grass slope is naturally connected to the built-in lake;the west of the lake is covered with soil to reduce the earthwork and make the transition between the sites natural; the temple on the south side is designed as a platform style to highlight the sense of solemnity; the aerial plank roads are smoothly connected with the ground road, which enriches the three-dimensional tour line of the park.

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LEGEND Stairs Contour Elevation Site Existing Elevation Retaining Wall Slope Protection Road Slope Road Water Level And Bottom Elevation Water Boundary

Urban Park Design

ENGINEERING STRUCTURAL DESIGN LAKESHORE I

RETAINING WALL CONSTRUCTIONS

LAKESHORE II

ecological brick revetment 500*500*200

rock revetment

slurry masonry foundationt

bentonite waterproof blanket

packed soil>90%

stone cover planting soil>300mm

lead wire gabion 400mm thick backfill lead wire gabion soil 400mm thick backfill soil bentonite bentonite waterproof blanket waterproof blanket

1:3 cement mortar reinforced concrete 10 thick graded gravel packed soil

packed soil>90%

packed soil>90% ordinary water level

ordinary water level

planting soil

biological pad

backfill compaction

bentonite waterproof blanket

packed soil>90%

LAKESHORE III stone cover reinforced concrete 200 thick C15 concrete 70 thick graded gravel cushion packed soil

sediment area 300mm thick backfill soil geotextile

the overflow 200mm thick soil filtration standpipe layer

resist erosion water plants regulated water level

the bank

packed soil

water inlet

resist erosion water plants ordinary water level

gravel

spillway

vent pipe

sediment area

gravel the valve

water outlet

P.S. Composition of 200mm soil filtration layer: 50% sand, 20% humus layer, 30% topsoil

GRASS SWALE PLAN 60 mm thick step permeability brick (permeable rate>2.5 mm/s)

GRASS SWALE SECTION 300mm thick planting soil

The side the bottom

200 mm thick gravel

does

Dry mix 50mm thick coarse sand

geotextile

150mm thick graded gravel cushion

Element of soil compaction

Subgrade compaction (heavy compaction > 93%)

the slope

shoulder the pebble

100 thick blue slate 30 thick 1:3 cement mortar C10 concrete 70 thick graded gravel cushion packed soil mortar rubble 200 thick stone foundation 100 thick graded gravel packed soil

grille

hygrophyte

water stone cage

ROAD

150 thick stone surface layer 20 thick stone veneer 30 thick 1:3 cement mortar reinforced concrete 200 thick C15 concrete 60 thick graded gravel cushion packed soil

white gravel fine stone concrete mortar polymer waterproof roll 100 thick concrete bedding packed soil

50 thick slab 30 thick 1:3 cement mortar 70 thick C10 concrete packed soil

30 thick granite pavement 1:3 dry hard cement mortar 80 thick C15 plain concrete 120 thick gravel pad packed soil

cast-in-place concrete concrete leveling cement mortar masonry block stone cyclopean concrete broken stone hardcore

inflow mouth

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ABSTRACT

EMPATHY SPACE Landscapes of POWER 04

Contemporary Conservatory Design GROUP WORK ADVISOR: MANUS LEUNG LOCATION: SHANGHAI, CHINA AREA: 6.9HM2

Established in 1980, Shanghai botanical garden is a comprehensive botanical garden integrating plant introduction, domestication, horticulture research and science education. The exhibition greenhouse is located in the eastern part of the botanical garden. It is a tower-shaped building with large space and multiple slopes, with a construction area of 5000 square meters and a height of 32 meters. The indoor layout of the greenhouse has two main themes: tropical rainforest and indoor garden, showcasing more than 3500 species of tropical plants from all over the world. After many years of use, the greenhouse has been neglected and has gradually deteriorated. At the same time, with the rapid development of economy, the mental pressure of urban residents is also increasing. People need not only the botanical garden that shows popular science, but also the resting place that releases mental pressure. A contemporary conservatory is not just the container of plants, it should be displayed in a new form. We will design a new conservatory, which will take the human experience as the main standard, and use architectural and plant materials to create an immersive experience space. The new conservatory strives to release people's pressure and arouse people's empathy, so that citizens can escape from the shackles of society and devote themselves to nature.

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Contemporary Conservatory Design

FIELD INVESTIGATION

"Come on, grandma's gonna take you to the botanical garden. We'll go find plants!"

"The environment here is quite good, I like to come here to bask with my baby. It's just that the infrastructure here is too poor and there are too many inconveniences."

"I walked around the botanical garden for a while, there are only old retired people and children here, nothing fun."

TOURIST SATISFACTION plants diversity plant landscape

“I like walking my dog here. The greening here is better and there are not too many people. It is very comfortable."

public activities service facility

SOCIAL BACKGROUND Since the 1990s, China has experienced rapid urbanization. In 1978, China's urbanization level was only 8.5%, while in 2011, China's urbanization exceeded 50% for the first time. Now, China's urbanization level is 58.52%. The rapid development of urbanization has raised people's living standards and brought corresponding problems. Heavy traffic, housing shortage and employment difficulties increase people's psychological pressure. The transition from rural to urban life that has taken place between just one generation puts people's minds on edge. People are eager to regain the tranquil nature.

HISTORY

Botanical garden established

1978 1980

1988

1998

2008

2018

Population Economic Development

Mental Pressure

Urbanization Process

PLANT DOMESTICATION

EXHIBITION

SCIENCE EDUCATION

Urbanization brings not only social welfare, but also people's increasing mental pressure. The traditional plant greenhouses with plant display as its main function can no longer meet the recreational needs of contemporary people.

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EMPATHY SPACE

FROM EMOTIONAL SEQUENCES TO SPATIAL FORMS

PLAN GENERATION

EMOTIONAL SEQUENCES

PLANTS AND MATERIALS USED METASEQUOIA

40M*12M

GREAT LAWN

TRESTLE

40M*10M

FERN

15M*10M

ROOTS

PSAMMOPHYTE

15M*5M

SUCCULENT

BROMELIAD

50M*30M

ORCHID

20M*20M

WATERFALL

PALM

20M*25M

TILLANDSIA

TALL PLANTS

60M*20M

TROPICAL PLANTS

GLASS

WATERFRONT PLAZA

LAKE

ARCH BRIDGE

SIZE OF SPACE

40M*15M

STEP I - First, construct the emotional sequences of the tour, and determine the required building and plant materials according to the emotional sequences required. Second, imagine the tour route as a "wandering". Third, according to the selected materials to determine the size of the conservatory space, and connect the conservatories in sequence by the tour route.

SECTION - CUBE CUBE

SECTION - GLOBE GLOBE

STEP II - On the premise of maintaining the order of the tour, the different spaces are reorganized by splitting and merging to make the layout more reasonable.

TRANSFORM

SECTION - SPATIAL SEQUENCES

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STEP III – Refine the routes in the conservatory and classify the routes into three types: routes on the ground, overhead routes and underground routes. Combined with the routes of the conservatories, the outdoor paths are arranged. The paths echo the architectural form, making the tour experience more coherent.

Contemporary Conservatory Design

MASTERPLAN

PROJECT ANALYSIS 20

Conservatory Shell

Air lounge Bridges

10 8

12 17

Conservatory Scope

LEGEND 1

Arch Bridge

Lake

Entrance Plaza

Underground Entrance

Tropical Plants

Insectivorous Plants

Tillandsia

Palm

19 6

River System 5

Arethusa

Bromeliads

Succulent

Psammophyte

Underground Insect Exhibition Tunnel

Fern

Trestle

Lawn

Sequoia Groves

Botanical Garden Secondary Main Road

Botanical Garden Main Road

River

Management House

16 18

4 15 3

Road System 1

30 40M

Green Space | 32 |

EMPATHY SPACE

MAIN CONSERVATORY PLAN

3 10

23 1 2

11 22

6 14 8

12 16

13 17

LEGEND

20M

Carnivorous Plants

Secondary Entrance

Air Lounge Bridge

Main Entrance

Palm

Lounge

Underground Tunnel Exit

Spring

Lobby

Aromatic Plants

Underground Tunnel Entrance

Aromatic Plants

Plunge Pool

Exhibition Room

Economic Plants

Aromatic Plants

Palmaceous Plants

Lobby

Plunge Pool

Lobby

Economic Plants

Palmaceous Plants

Main Exit

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Contemporary Conservatory Design LOCAL PLANTING PLAN

MAIN CONSERVATORY PLANTING DESIGN

Characteristic Plants Musa L.

Drosera L.

L., Sp. Pl. ed. 1. 1043. 1753.

Trachycarpus H. Wendl.

L. Sp. Pl. 281. 1753. et Gen. Pl. ed. 5. 136. 1754.

Ravenala Adans.

H. Wendl. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 8: 429. 1861; Benth. et Hook. f. in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6: 435-1892; Becc. in Webbia 5 (1) : 41. 1905 et in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calc. 13: 272. 1931.

Nepenthes L.

Adans. , Fam. Pl. 2: 67. 1763; Winkler in Engl. Pflanzenfam.15a: 532. p. p. ; H. Perr. in Humb. Fl. Madagascar 46e: 4. 1946; Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl. 288. 1949. p. p.

Areca Linn.

L. Gen. Pl. ed. 5. 409, 1754; Macf. in Engl. Pflanzenr. 36 (IV. 111): 27. 1908; B. H. Danser in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg 3 (9): 249. 1928——Phyllamphora Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 606. 1790.

Ensete Bruce ex Horan.

Linn. Sp. Pl. 1189. 1753; Gen. Pl. (ed. 5) 496. 1754; Kurz, For. Fl. Brit. Burma 2: 536. 1877; Becc. et Hook. f. in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6: 405. 1892; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 6: 949. 1937

Pinguicula L.

Bruce ‘Trav. v. App.’ex Horan. , Prod. Scit. 40. 1862.

Cocos Linn.

L. Sp. Pl. 17. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 11. 1754; A. DC. in DC. Prodr. 8: 26. 1844; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 2: 98. 1876; Kamienski in Engler u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(3b): 118. 1895; Casper in Fl. Europ. 3: 294. 1972

Strelitzia Aiton

Linn. Sp. Pl. 1188. 1753 et Gen. Pl. (ed. 5) 5:495. 1754; Kurz, For Fl. Brit. Burma 2:539. 1877；Becc. et Hook. f. in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6:482, 1893;海南植物志4:169. 1977.

Utricularia L.

Aiton Hort. Kew. ed. l. 1: 285. 1789; Wright in Thiseltom -Dyer, Fl. Capensis 5: 316. 1913; Winkler in Engl. Pflanzenfam. 15a: 533. 1930．

Livistona R. Br.

L. Sp. Pl. 18. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 11. 1754; A. DC. in DC. Prodr. 8: 3. 1844; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 2: 98. 1876; Kamienski in Engler u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(3b) : 119. 1895; Komiya, Syst. Stud. Lentibulariaceae 21. 1972

R. Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. 267. 1810; Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. 3: 239 t. 109. 1849; Kurz, For. Fl. Brit. Burma 2:525. 1877; Becc. et Hook. f. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6:434. 1892; Becc. in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calc. 13:43. 1931

Basic Plants

[01]

[02]

[03]

[04]

[05]

[06]

[07]

[08]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

LEGEND

Musa balbisiana Colla

Musa itinerans Cheesman

Musa rubra Wall. ex Kurz

Ravenala madagascariensis

Strelitzia reginae Aiton

Musa nana Lour.

Musa basjoo Siebold & Zucc. ex

Musa textilis Née

Heliconia L. nom. cos.

Strelitzia nicolai Regel & Körn.

Musa sapientum L.

Musa wilsonii Tutcher

Musa coccinea Andrews

Orchidantha insularis T. L. Wu

Strelitzia alba Skeels

Musa acuminata Colla

Ensete glaucum (Roxb.) Cheesman

Orchidantha chinensis T. L. Wu

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IMMERSIVE EXPERIENCE SPACE With plants as the main material and terrain and structures as the supplement, various immersive experience Spaces can be created.

LEVEL BRIDGE

TUBE BRIDGE

SUNK FENCE

ARCH BRIDGE

SUSPENSION BRIDGE

TIMBER PILE

HANGING PLANTS

CLIMBING PLANTS

PERGOLA

STEPS OVER GRASS

UNDERGROUNG TUNNEL

TRIANGLE PERGOLA

MAIN CONSERVATORY SECTION Conservatory try to use plants, water bodies, structures and architecture to mobilize people's vision, hearing, touch, smell and taste to create a fascinating immersive experience space.

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SLOPE

MESA

PARAPET

STEP

HILL

FLOWER BED

STEPS OVER WATER

SINKING TRAILS

UNDERWATER TUNNEL

WATERFRONT TERRACE

FLOATING BRIDGE

WATERFALL

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EMPATHY SPACE

SCENARIOS 01-Air lounge Bridges d d' d'

d c' c c'

c b' b

a' a'

The main conservatory contains four spheres connected by aerial bridges. The aerial bridge is not only a viewing tool, but also the landscape itself. The bridge forms a rich variety in the air, with different sizes of spherical shell, forming a rich variety of space. The height of the bridge is staggered, allowing people to shuttle between the trees and stand on top of the canopy to overlook the entire plant.A variety of viewing angles optimize the experience.

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Contemporary Conservatory Design

02-Main Conservatory Lawn Palm trees and other tropical plants are planted around the central lawn in the largest conservatory sphere. The large open space makes it possible to hold large events. The huge glass dome shapes the ritual feel of the space. The sun shines through the glass, casting a thin shadow on the leaves. The waterfall cascade from its aerial bridge into the deep pool below, making a pleasant sound. Having a wedding here is a unique experience of being surrounded by nature. Architecture, plants, sunlight, and water work together to create a beautiful Eden-like landscape to evoke the empathy of joy.

03-Underground Roots Exhibition Tunnel People's cognition of plants mainly comes from their trunks, branches, leaves and fruits. From a normal perspective, it is difficult to see the shape of the tree roots. Here, we chose to dig underground tunnels to display roots and root specimens, allowing people to see plants from the perspective of burrowing animals. The elaborate lights in the tunnel illuminate the complex tree roots, creating a fantasy scene that makes people have a different understanding of plants than in the past.

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ABSTRACT Meng Yuanlao, a Song Dynasty litterateur, lived in Dongjing for more than 20 years. After the extinction of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Meng moved to the south, often recalling the prosperity in Dongjing. In the 17th year of the Southern Song Dynasty, he wrote "Dongjing Menghua Lu". This book records the memories of Meng's bustling life in Dongjing. According to the information in the ancient book, we restored a garden in the Song Dynasty. Cut out the chapter of " all people race out of the city for a spring outing " and combined with the scene in the landscape paintings of the Song, we designed the public classical garden to reproduce the scenes in the book. This design is not a restoration of a real garden, but a space design based on the restoration of scenes.

RENAISSANCE Landscapes of POWER 05

Chinese Classical Landscape Design

Zhou Bridge Nanxun Gate Forest & Teahouse Entrance

GROUP WORK ADVISOR: YUE YANMIN

Xuande Building Zhuque Gate Yujin Garden

| 39 |

Chinese Classical Landscape Design

PLAN Main Entrance Farmland Farmland Entrance

Entrance Arch Bridge Lake

Bridge

Forest

Huimin River

SECTION

| 40 |

RENAISSANCE

NARRATIVE SCENES In 1127, the Jin cavalry occupied the Central Plains and captured Bianjing, capturing the two emperors Hui and Qin and three thousand of their clans. A large number of people fled to the south, looking back on the satiated life in Bianjing. With the infinite nostalgic for the past and the infinite sadness of the reality, Meng Yuanlao wrote "Dongjing Menghua Lu". We cut off the plot of "all people race out of the city for a spring outing" and designed an ancient public garden. The article details residents out of the city spring entertainment activities in the Qingming festival. In spring, all things recovery, the ancient people through the cold winter, groups in the wild for a variety of outdoor recreational and recreational activities, in order to reduce mental pressure, improve physical and mental health, entertainment and enjoyment. Combining the text, we found the corresponding spring outing scene from the paintings of the Song Dynasty, restored it to a plan, and then collaged multiple scenes to restore a public garden. This fantasy garden not only restores the land of spring, but also tells a story. Meng was homesick, and in a dream, he witnessed the bustling life again. As the dream progressed, he saw the past that had haunted him, and his emotions grew more intense until they reached a climax. Then he got lost in the dream, and the scene drifted away. Then he woke up from the dream, and found that everything was nothing but sorrow.

LANDSCAPE SCENE (individual drawing)

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Chinese Classical Landscape Design

SPACE & EMOTION

Landscape space is used to shape changes in mood, thus driving the development of the story.

MOUNTAIN

ARCHITECTURE

WATER

PATH

The shaping of space depends on mountain, architecture, water and path. The four elements work together to shape different spaces, gradually pushing the viewer's emotions to a climax and then slowly fading away.

Through the opening and closing of the space, the garden creates a series of changes in the viewer's mood. When entering the garden for the first time, the narrow space aroused the curiosity and exploration of the garden. In the course of the tour and the rich space changes to promote the viewer's mood, so that the plot reached a climax. Then the landscape gradually dissipates and the viewer loses himself in the garden. Finally, the viewer woke up from a dream and the scenarios faded.

Emotion Path Space

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OTHER WORKS

Surveying and Mapping in the Forbidden City Location: Beijing, China Type: Academic/ Group Work(27) Street Design Location: Xi'an, China Type: Competition/ Group Work(5) Floating Village Landscape Design Location: Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia Type: Competition/ Group Work(4)

Landscape Painting Type: Interest/ Indiv

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g Copy vidual Work

Interactive Art Installation Location: Xi'an, China Type: Interest/ Group Work(10)

9m2 Open Space Design Location: Xi'an, China Type: Academic/ Individual Work

Painting Type: Interest/ Individual Work

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Landscape is the shadow of human culture on the land.