BAROMETER
OCTOBER - December 2024
HAlF TERm 2
Contents
English School Chess Championships 2024/25Harrow Qualifier - Sebastian M-G, Year 10
Term in Review - Oscar F, Year 13
Wetherby at The Royal Albert Hall - Felix W, Year 12
Jonas Wood at the Gagosian Gallery - Freddie T, Year 10
Wetherby Welcomes the World to WSSMUN 2024 - Oscar F, Year 13
Young Enterprise Initiative: Advocating for Refugees through Art and FashionAditya D, Year 12
Epic Theatre Drama Workshop - Matteo M, Year 13
The Duchess of Malfi at Trafalgar Theatre - Edward J, Year 13
Intelligence Squared - Daniel A, Year 12
For the Glory of God - Milo M-C, Year 9
Tragic Lightning Strike in Uganda - Gio G, Year 11
Was the Russo-Japanese War World War Zero? - Edward J, Year 13
What is the Optimal Global Population? - Mark M, Year 13
Aquatics GB Summer Championships - Marty V, Year 10
Chelsea vs. KRC Genk - Felipe E, Year 10
Paul vs. Tyson - Panos K, Year 11
Darwin and the Galapagos Islands - Horatio S, Year 7
Mao Zedong - Husayn G, Year 11
Christmas in Italy - Gio G, Year 11
Cook with Mylo - Mylo K, Year 8
Cover photograph - Arthur M, Year 13
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English School Chess Championships 2024/25Harrow Qualifier
Sebastian M-G, Year 10, writes:
The chess team included six members: Ayrton S, Daniel A, Daniel L, Dexter B, Mark S, and Sebastian M G. We departed from Hannah House at 12:30 on the 7th of November, accompanied by Mr Brennan, who organised our participation in this competition and runs chess club every Friday during Period 6 clubs.
We took the tube from Baker Street to Harrow-on-the-Hill using the Metropolitan Line. After arrival, we took a brief walk up a steep hill to reach the Harrow School campus. Upon locating the building where the chess match was to take place, we climbed the stone stairs to the playing hall.
Each of us played four games,
which meant we had four matches as a team. To qualify for the next stage, we needed to score 2/4 match points. A match point was awarded to the team with more individual game points out of six than their opponents. For example, if Team A won four games and Team B won two, Team A would receive the match point. If two teams scored the same number of points, the result would be recorded as ½, contributing half a match point.
After each game, we had the opportunity to go to the players’ room, where complimentary snacks were available. During the games, we were required to power off our phones in accordance with chess regulations. We managed to qualify for the next stage of the team competition
with a score of 2/4. There were some great games during this match, and all of them were ECF rapid-rated (rated nationally).
TERM IN REVIEW
Oscar F, Year 13, writes:
Just a few short months ago, as the leaves began to fall and the days grew shorter, Wetherby embarked on a new term bursting with energy, excitement, and the promise of greatness. Now, with the streets of Marylebone adorned with twinkling lights and a certain festive cheer filling the air, it feels like the perfect time to look back at the incredible achievements of this term. From stunning performances to academic triumphs, the past few months have been a testament to the talent and ambition of our community.
If one event epitomised the dedication of Wetherby students this term, it was undoubtedly the Upper School’s production of Dracula. Performed at the prestigious Jerwood Vanbrugh Theatre at RADA—a venue more accustomed to hosting seasoned professionals than school plays— the production was a triumph on every level. With professional lighting, sound, set, and costume designers from the West End, the show was hailed as a “professional-standard production with young actors.” A huge well done to all those involved, and a particularly special thank you to Ms Twomey for her tireless efforts in making the project a reality!
But while the stage shone brightly, Wetherby’s classrooms were equally buzzing with activity. The Sixth Form has had a phenomenal term, with offers from top Russell Group universities such as Warwick, Bristol, and King’s College London, as well as Oxbridge interviews on the horizon. Across the pond, students
have secured over 50 offers from a range of US universities. These achievements are not only a testament to the hard work of the students but also to the dedication of their teachers and the Sixth Form team, who have supported them every step of the way.
This term also saw Wetherby host a spectacular university fair, bringing representatives from institutions such as Northeastern, Bocconi, EHL, and IE Madrid to our very own school. The scale of the event was phenomenal, giving students unparalleled access to advice and insights from some of the world’s leading universities.
It’s worth noting that it hasn’t all been hard work in the Sixth Form. At the PTA quiz night, the prefects valiantly attempted to prove their trivia skills but, much to everyone’s amusement, finished nowhere near the podium.
Outside academia, students embraced opportunities to expand their horizons through a variety of trips this term. Year 13 English students ventured to Trafalgar Studios to see Jodie Whittaker in The Duchess of Malfi, while Year 11 visited the Globe Theatre for what one student described as “an electrifying production” of Antony and Cleopatra. Over in the art department, Year 10 took inspiration from cutting-edge works at the Gagosian Gallery, and geography students explored regeneration projects closer to home.
As the term comes to a close and the festive season kicks into full swing, it’s as clear as ever that the spirit of Wetherby is
alive and thriving. Whether it’s the outstanding achievements on stage, the ambitious strides in academics, or the countless moments of creativity and collaboration, this term has been a testament to what makes our school so extraordinary: the people within it.
The Christmas holiday offers a chance to reflect on how far we’ve come, recharge, and look ahead to the exciting opportunities waiting in the new year. From the upcoming production of this year’s Trib Drama competition to new academic challenges and fresh sporting competitions, there’s no doubt that 2025 will bring even more moments to celebrate.
Thank you to every student, teacher, and parent who has made this term so special.
I wish you all a merry Christmas and a joyful New Year—here’s to another term of hard work, big dreams, and more extraordinary displays of our unwavering Wetherby spirit!
WETHERBY AT THE ROYAL ALBERT HALL
Felix W, Year 12, writes:
For the first time in the school’s history, the Wetherby Orchestra had the incredible honour of performing to a full house at the prestigious Music for Youth Prom, held at the iconic Royal Albert Hall. Known for its majestic domed roof and awe-inspiring acoustics, this world-renowned venue provided the perfect stage to showcase the talent, hard work, and dedication of the school’s musicians.
The ensemble, comprising 40 student musicians from Years 7 to 12, featured a rich mix of string, brass, woodwind, and percussion sections. The preparation was nothing short of meticulous: weekly rehearsals as a Friday orchestra, independent practice sessions, and individual lessons with our music teachers ensured that every note, crescendo, and tremolo was performed to perfection.
The star of the show was our rendition of Earth by Hans Zimmer, with the remainder of the repertoire including The Colour of All Things Constant by Cassie Kinoshi and even a song, O Euchari by Gabrielle Chudi, with lyrics in Latin (the resemblance of the lyrics to “Oh you curry” did not go unnoticed!).
Each section of the orchestra delivered a stellar performance. The woodwind players—a small but mighty team featuring flutes, an oboe, and a bassoon— exchanged melodies seamlessly with the string section, which boasted a rich ensemble of violins, cellos, and a double bass. Meanwhile, the brass and percussion sections were the powerhouse of the performance, delivering unmatched energy with their riffs.
A real highlight came when our drummer, Aarav, had his own beat. It was almost a solo and left the rest of the orchestra quite amused by how excited he was after delivering it!
The Music for Youth Prom was also a day of collaboration. Our orchestra joined other incredibly talented choirs and orchestras from across the country in afternoon rehearsals, creative workshops, and a group performance. Even when we weren’t performing, it was a pleasure to listen to their music. Among the standout ensembles were a youth orchestra from Manchester, with a rendition of The Incredibles, and a choir from Birmingham.
Behind the glamour of the stage was an equally impressive logistical effort. Our Director
of Music, Mr Martin, along with Mr Lewis, Ms Gorbanova, and Ms Lee, worked tirelessly to manage the transportation of oversized instruments—yes, double bass, we’re looking at you—and to ensure every detail of our participation was flawlessly coordinated. Even with the long day, they returned to school close to midnight!
The conducting team, tasked with managing over 1,000 musicians performing in unison, had a lot on their plate. However, their precise cues made our lives easy and ensured that we were as punctual as a Japanese train.
Performing at the Royal Albert Hall wasn’t just a milestone for the Wetherby Orchestra—it was an unforgettable experience for every student involved. For many of us, this was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, one that even many professional musicians never have—although Mr Lewis was quick to point out that he had already performed there with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra.
The standing ovation at the end of the evening, coupled with the warm support of Wetherby parents and siblings in the audience, made every rehearsal and moment of nervousness worthwhile.
We are deeply appreciative of Music for Youth for giving us this incredible opportunity and to all the parents and staff who supported us along the way.
Royal Albert Hall, down. Sydney Opera House, we’re coming for you next!
JONAS WOOD AT THE GAGOSIAN GALLERY
Freddie T, Year 10, writes:
I really enjoyed my visit to the Gagosian Gallery to see the exhibit of Jonas Wood’s paintings. Jonas Wood is a 47-year-old artist, born in Boston in 1977. He holds a master’s degree in fine arts from the University of Washington in the USA. His age and experience are evident in his ability to create intriguing and thought-provoking pieces of art. I found one piece in this exhibit particularly captivating. Miami Shade House is a painting that demonstrates Wood’s talent for transforming ordinary scenes into compelling works of art. Created in 2024 using oil and acrylic paints on canvas, Miami Shade House is an impressive 66 x 60 inches, making it a very recent and substantial piece.
A shade house is a structure designed to shield plants from direct sunlight. Jonas Wood’s attention to detail is evident in how he adjusts the lighting to suit the climate depicted. The abstract and exaggerated patterns on the leaves, along with the interplay of light and shade within the structure, exemplify his meticulous approach. The shade house appears green and lush but
lacks depth, giving the impression that the leaves are pressed against the glass. This flattening of space is a technique Wood frequently employs, presenting his scenes as two-dimensional. By altering perspective, Wood draws the viewer into the painting, creating the sensation of standing inside the shade house with the twodimensional surroundings pressing in. The absence of traditional perspective obliges the viewer to engage with every part of the image. The lush green tones contrast sharply with the cold cement and metal buckets shown in the centre of the piece.
Jonas Wood is renowned for exploring recurring themes in his
artwork, such as interiors, family, and plants. These elements come together harmoniously in Miami Shade House, reflecting Wood’s fascination with the natural world and his love of plants.
The pieces showcased at Gagosian highlight Jonas Wood’s intriguing blend of computer-like precision and abstract elements, resulting in unique and captivating works. Self-Portrait with Home Depot Cart, Joint, and Phone offers an intimate glimpse into his everyday life through vibrant colours and flattened perspectives. Miami Shade House immerses viewers in the humidity and greenery of a shade house. In Wall of Fame, Wood uses contrasting patterns,
Miami Shade House, 2024
bold colours, and varied scales to create a distinctive visual experience. Shio Shrine explores themes of family and provides a peek into his personal life, while Madison Still Life transforms mundane objects into compelling subjects through his signature abstract style. Another standout piece, Japanese Garden with Temple, showcases a striking variety of greens contrasted with a pale blue and white sky. Wood employs diverse shapes and maintains his abstract approach, featuring exaggerated veins in the leaves.
I would highly recommend this exhibit, as it made me reflect on the use of space, perspective, and colour. It also reminded me that subject matter doesn’t have to be grand to be significant—there is inspiration for artists in everyday life.
Shio Shrine, 2024
WETHERBY WELCOMES THE WORLD TO WSSMUN 2024
Oscar F, Year 13, writes:
From October 11th to 13th, Wetherby hosted its firstever Model United Nations conference, WSSMUN 2024. This milestone event brought together 140 students from 11 schools worldwide, including participants from as far afield as Jordan and Latvia. With the theme “Safeguarding Dignity, Championing Equity,” the conference was a huge success and a testament to the hard work of everyone involved!
The journey to WSSMUN began nearly a year ago. Last February, our Model UN team attended a conference in Cambridge, and from the very first day, the idea of hosting our own conference took root. What started as dinnertime conversation was
formally proposed in May and quickly gained both momentum and an exceptionally dedicated team of 10 Sixth Formers. Months of planning, preparation, and teamwork ensued, culminating in a fantastic weekend of debate and diplomacy.
Day 1
The conference opened on Friday evening with a warm welcome from the Secretariat and an inspiring keynote speech by a very special guest: Michael Hochberg, a scholar at the Cambridge Centre for Geopolitics. His insights into the shifting international order set the tone for the rigorous debates to follow, challenging delegates to think critically about their role in addressing some of the world’s most pressing issues.
Delegates then broke into their
committees, each chaired by a team of Sixth Formers:
Model Parliament – Chaired by James and Jack, debating Britain’s relationship with the EU and illegal immigration.
Security Council – Chaired by Vangelis, focusing on the deescalation of new cold wars and enforcing democratic election results.
SPECPOL – Chaired by Felix, discussing UN reform and the recognition of Kosovo.
ECOSOC – Chaired by Mark and Saif, addressing the development of low-income countries and responses to health crises.
UNHRC – Chaired by Daniel and Falco, debating the freedom to protest and religion’s role in human rights.
UNEP – Chaired by Christos, focusing on water scarcity and climate refugees.
Day 2
Saturday saw delegates diving deep into the intricacies of their topics. The corridors buzzed with energy as Model Parliament’s “excitable” discussions echoed through the school, and every committee was filled with outstanding oracy and diplomacy. The enthusiasm, preparation, and creativity displayed by participants underscored their dedication and passion.
In the evening, we hosted a social event at the Royal Geographical Society. It was a privilege to bring together students from around the world in such a beautiful and historically significant venue.
Day 3
The final day began with the
General Assembly, where all 140 students gathered in Hannah House Hall. Delegates presented their resolutions with the same fervour that had defined the weekend, culminating in a vibrant—if occasionally overly vibrant—discussion.
During the closing ceremony, I, along with the rest of the Secretariat, expressed our heartfelt gratitude to the students, staff, and everyone else who made the event possible. The success of WSSMUN was built on the dedication and collaboration of so many, from Ms Smith, who introduced us to the world of MUN, to Ms Maroudi, whose guidance from the inception of the idea was extraordinary, and Ms Johnson, whose tireless support throughout the weekend was invaluable.
The ceremony also recognised outstanding contributions from participants. Michael Haim from Maida Vale was awarded Best Delegate for his exceptional leadership, while Godolphin and Latymer earned the prestigious Best Delegation award, with Amaan Baptist School as runnersup.
However, the success of the weekend went far beyond awards. As Vangelis remarked in his closing speech: “Every committee was alive with ideas, solutions, and a genuine desire to make a difference. This was more than a conference—it was a celebration of what our generation can achieve when given the right platform.”
Indeed, while the debates may have ended, I truly believe that the connections, ideas, and inspiration from this conference will continue to resonate far into the future.
YOUNG ENTERPRISE INITIATIVE: ADVOCATING FOR REFUGEES THROUGH ART AND FASHION
Aditya D, Year 12, writes:
As participants in the Young Enterprise programme, we are excited to announce our innovative and socially conscious business venture aimed at making a meaningful impact in today’s world. Our team’s product is inspired by a desire to raise awareness for individuals currently residing in refugee camps due to conflicts and wars that have displaced them from their homes. Through this initiative, we aim to blend creativity, entrepreneurship, and empathy to shed light on the stories of those affected by these crises while developing vital business skills along the way.
Our Vision: Art as a Voice for Refugees
Our product centres on the creation of a clothing line that tells the stories of refugees through art. We aim to reach out to individuals in refugee camps and ask them to share their emotions— whether it be fear, despair, or hope for peace—through artistic expression or heartfelt quotes. These contributions will then be transformed into designs printed on sweatshirts. The clothing will serve as a wearable
canvas, fostering awareness and understanding of the challenges faced by refugees while symbolising resilience and the shared hope for a better future.
Why Focus on Refugees?
The global refugee crisis is one of the most pressing humanitarian challenges of our time. Millions of individuals are forced to flee their homes due to war, persecution, and violence, seeking safety and shelter in unfamiliar lands. Behind these staggering statistics are real people with dreams, fears, and aspirations—people who deserve to have their voices heard. By highlighting their stories through our clothing line, we hope to humanise their struggles and inspire our community to stand in solidarity with them.
The Young Enterprise Experience: Learning and Growing as Entrepreneurs
Participating in the Young Enterprise programme is an incredible opportunity to gain hands-on experience in running a business. Our journey so far has taught us invaluable lessons about teamwork, communication, and problem-solving. Developing a product with a social mission has also challenged us to think creatively about how to combine profitability with purpose.
Key Skills We Are Developing: Entrepreneurship: From brainstorming product ideas to planning production and marketing strategies, we’re learning the fundamentals of creating and managing a business.
• Teamwork and Leadership: Collaborating effectively as a team is essential to our success. We’ve discovered the importance of assigning roles, leveraging individual strengths, and maintaining clear communication.
• Marketing and Branding: Creating a compelling narrative around our clothing line is crucial. We’re working on building a brand that resonates with our audience while staying true to our mission.
• Financial Management: Understanding budgets, pricing strategies, and profit margins is a vital part of running a sustainable business. The Young Enterprise programme has provided us with the tools to navigate these challenges.
• Empathy and Social Responsibility: Perhaps the most important skill we’re developing is the ability to view business as a platform for positive change. This experience is teaching us to lead with compassion and prioritise the needs of others.
The Social Impact of Our Product
Our clothing line is more than just apparel—it is a platform for storytelling and advocacy. By showcasing the art and words of refugees, we hope to:
• Amplify Refugee Voices: Each piece of clothing will carry a unique story, offering a glimpse into the lived experiences of refugees.
• Spark Conversations: Wearing our sweatshirts will
encourage people to engage in discussions about the refugee crisis and the importance of peace and humanitarian efforts.
• Support Refugee Communities: A portion of our proceeds will be donated to organisations working directly with refugees, ensuring that our initiative contributes tangibly to their well-being.
• Inspire Action: We hope to motivate our school community and beyond to become more informed and proactive about global issues, whether through volunteering, advocacy, or donations.
Challenges and How We’re Overcoming Them
Like any entrepreneurial journey, ours is not without its hurdles. Sourcing artwork and quotes from refugees requires careful planning and sensitivity. We are partnering with organisations that work closely with refugee communities to ensure that our outreach is respectful and impactful. Additionally, translating emotional stories into wearable designs demands creativity and collaboration with artists and designers.
We are also navigating the logistical challenges of production, including finding sustainable and ethical suppliers. Balancing these responsibilities with our academic commitments has tested our time-management skills, but the passion we have for this cause keeps us motivated.
Why This Matters to Us
The idea for our project stemmed from a collective desire to create a business with a purpose. As young people growing up in
an increasingly interconnected world, we are deeply aware of the global challenges facing humanity. The refugee crisis is a poignant reminder of how conflict disrupts lives and communities. Through this initiative, we hope to play a small but meaningful role in spreading awareness and fostering a culture of empathy.
Looking Ahead
As we move forward, our focus will be on refining our product and expanding our reach. We are planning to:
• Host awareness campaigns at school and in the local community to share the stories behind our designs. Utilise social media platforms to reach a wider audience and promote our message.
• Organise fundraising events to support our production costs and donations to refugeefocused charities.
We believe that fashion can be a
powerful medium for change, and we are committed to using our Young Enterprise journey to create a lasting impact. By combining creativity, entrepreneurship, and a deep sense of social responsibility, we hope to inspire others to join us in advocating for those whose voices often go unheard.
A Call to Action
We invite everyone in our school community to support our project. Whether it’s by purchasing our clothing, spreading the word, or simply learning more about the refugee crisis, your involvement can make a difference. Together, we can show that young people have the power to lead with purpose and compassion.
Thank you for supporting our Young Enterprise journey. Stay tuned for updates on our progress and the launch of our clothing line. Let’s work together to create a world where hope and peace know no borders.
EPIC THEATRE DRAMA WORKSHOP
Matteo M, Year 13, writes:
On the 6th of November, we were honoured to welcome Kerry Frampton, the owner of Splendid Theatre, to Wetherby to host a workshop for the A Level Drama students. Prior to this workshop, we had the opportunity to watch her production of Woyzeck in the ‘Splendid Theatre’ style, which is heavily inspired by Epic Theatre. Watching this performance, I realised how effectively placards and direct address can be used to engage the audience.
One moment from the play that stood out to me was the repeated depiction of Marie’s death. Each repetition elicited different audience reactions: initially, they laughed, but as Woyzeck’s backstory was revealed, the mood shifted to silence. This variation in audience response was particularly striking and demonstrated the power of these techniques.
During the workshop, Kerry
introduced us to several important concepts, including the use of thesis and anti-thesis in performance. Thesis represents one perspective or message, while anti-thesis presents an opposing viewpoint. For example, Woyzeck could be branded both as “the vicious killer” and as “the worried husband.” These opposing titles highlighted the contradictory nature of his character and effectively played with the audience’s emotions.
I found this workshop especially stimulating, as learning about thesis and anti-thesis significantly enhanced my understanding of Epic Theatre. This insight has been invaluable in improving my current work in A Level Drama.
THE DUCHESS OF MALFI AT TRAFALGAR
Edward J, Year 13, writes:
Zinnia Harris’ contemporary adaptation of the Jacobean classic The Duchess of Malfi is a powerful yet underwhelming reimagining of Webster’s tragedy. Despite the star-studded cast, led by Jodie Whittaker, and the writeups declaring the production “Tarantinoesque,” the consensus among the Year 13 English class was one of disappointment. We agreed that the performance strayed too far from the original, with many timelessly quotable lines ruthlessly omitted. Nevertheless, it was an enjoyable trip that offered us an alternative interpretation of Webster’s classic revenge tragedy.
The Duchess of Malfi, written around 1612-1613 and performed by the King’s Men in 1614, tells
the story of a widowed duchess who defies her controlling brothers by secretly marrying her steward, Antonio. Due to Antonio’s lower social status, the Duchess’ brothers—the volatile Duke Ferdinand and the devious Cardinal—view her actions as a disgrace to their family honour. As a result, they subject their sister to relentless torment, culminating in extreme bloodshed. Webster’s play constitutes around 20% of our English Literature A-Level, and while it pales in comparison to the relative might of Shakespeare’s Hamlet, it offers a compelling exploration of power, corruption, and patriarchal control—rich themes that provide plentiful opportunities for analysis.
Undoubtedly, Jodie Whittaker— best known for her role in Doctor Who—delivered a standout performance, successfully capturing the vulnerability and resounding courage of the Duchess. Likewise, Joel Fry impressed as Antonio, effectively portraying his perpetual selfconsciousness.
Although the Year 13 English class left Trafalgar Theatre indifferent, this reaction was largely due to our familiarity with the text and frustration with the production’s unfaithful interpretation. I am almost certain that, had we attended without prior knowledge of the play, we would have found the performance deeply evocative and enthralling.
Certainly, for those seeking a contemporary, fresh, and bold take on a revenge tragedy, Zinnia Harris’ adaptation offers a thought-provoking experience. While it may not fully capture the depth and intricacy of Webster’s original, it presents a compelling reimagining that will undoubtedly provoke discussion and debate.
Daniel A, Year 12, writes:
On Tuesday the 19th, Ms Neilson took four politics students, myself included, to a fantastic talk hosted by Intelligence Squared. The speaker was Tom Friedman, an acclaimed New York Times columnist. Friedman is the former bureau chief of the Beirut and Jerusalem offices, and a multiple Pulitzer Prize winner for his journalism. Today, he writes for the New York Times opinion page, focusing on the Middle East conflict and US politics. The talk, titled “The Future of America and the World,” centred on the implications of the recent Presidential election, particularly on the Israel-Gaza conflict and Middle Eastern relations.
Despite the cold weather, the five of us set out from Bond Street and were treated to the wonderful view of a glowing London Eye, Big Ben, and the Houses of Parliament—well worth braving the temperature. Once we settled into our seats, we submitted our question for the Q&A session: “Why was the polling for the 2024 US Election so wrong?”
Friedman and Ritula Shah, the evening’s host, took the stage and immediately began discussing Donald Trump, the US PresidentElect. Friedman expressed his willingness to congratulate Trump for his achievements while condemning his failures. He recalled his most recent discussion with the President, during which Trump thanked him for endorsing the Abraham Accord and expressed surprise that the New York Times allowed Friedman to write such praise. Shah pressed
Friedman on the election, and he offered a measured perspective. Friedman argued that the election was not a “landslide,” pointing out that just two million votes separated the two candidates.
Friedman also discussed Vice President Harris’s campaign, suggesting she did the best she could given the circumstances, but ultimately argued that President Biden should have stepped down earlier and that the Democrats should have held an open primary. He vividly recounted how he frantically wrote a column calling for Biden to step aside (after the first Presidential debate), submitting it to his editor as his flight was taxiing for take-off.
The conversation then shifted to Friedman’s area of expertise: the Middle East. He expressed optimism that Jared Kushner’s 2020 peace plan could be reused to mediate the ongoing conflict. Friedman noted that Netanyahu’s previous endorsement of the plan lends it credibility, though he admitted that nationalist elements in Netanyahu’s cabinet might impede its success. A self-proclaimed optimist on the issue, Friedman reiterated that a two-state solution is the only viable resolution to the conflict, suggesting that Trump reintroduce Kushner’s plan.
One of Friedman’s most intriguing insights came from his experience with Google’s DeepMind team, which works on AI products such as the chess bot AlphaZero. He argued that the world is driven by two “super-cycles”: climate change and technological innovation. Friedman believes that our ability
to digitise, process, share, and learn, combined with the impact of climate change, is propelling humanity into a new age. He likened the impact of AI to that of the printing press, calling this a modern “Promethean moment.” He has echoed this sentiment in his columns since the release of ChatGPT-4 late last year. His excitement for AI developments prompted me to reconsider my own scepticism about the technology, especially regarding its ability to solve complex problems. Friedman’s enthusiasm left me both excited for the future and slightly apprehensive. The long-heralded impact of AI in the workplace now feels imminent, making me deeply consider its potential effects.
The talk concluded with an optimistic Q&A session. Friedman reaffirmed that the Russia-Ukraine and Gaza conflicts could reach their conclusions within the next year, though he emphasised that extraordinary negotiating efforts from mediators and aggressors alike would be required.
The talk was incredibly insightful for all who attended and will undoubtedly prove valuable for our US politics unit, which we are due to start later this year. I am extremely grateful to Intelligence Squared and Ms Neilson for this opportunity and encourage all students to attend similar events if given the chance. These talks are one of the things that make Wetherby so exceptional and provide a fantastic opportunity to deepen your understanding of a subject.
A short story by Milo M-C, Year 9
“I will not talk back, FOR THE GLORY OF GOD!” the class chanted, voices droning in unison. Rose Laterp clenched her fists, resisting the urge to roll her eyes. FTGOG had taken everything from her; she despised them and everything they stood for. The bell rang, and the students dispersed, heads down and voices silent. In her dorm room, Rose sat on her bed, watching the flickering TV. Fedor Crook’s face filled the screen, as it did in every room, his voice delivering his daily message. The self-proclaimed “saviour” and leader of FTGOG ended every sentence the same way, day after day. She stared at the man who’d taken her parents from her, the man everyone worshipped without question.
“If you follow the instructions, on the day of Judgement, we will be accepted by our lord. FOR THE GLORY OF GOD!”
She shut her eyes, the bitterness like a weight in her chest. Outside, the city stretched endlessly, a harsh, colourless maze of identical buildings. Every corner of life had become exactly as they wanted it—uniform, lifeless. The dinner bell rang, but Rose wasn’t hungry. This was her chance. She reached under her pillow, grabbed her mask, and climbed out the window, slipping into the shadows.
She crept along the deserted alleys, moving carefully to avoid the usual evening protest. Rose thought the protesters were foolish; she’d seen enough to know that every rebellion ended the same way: death. Suddenly,
FOR THE GLORY OF GOD
she felt something brush her shoulder. Startled, she turned around and found a note on the ground, hastily scrawled in rough handwriting: “It’s not as it seems.” Her heart pounded as she looked around, searching for whoever had left it, but found only empty darkness. A siren sounded in the distance—it was already 19:00. She had to hurry.
She dashed back, her steps light and quick, leaping across the rooftops until she reached the dorms. She slid back inside her window, pressing her back to the wall as she caught her breath, the note still crumpled in her hand. Moments later, the door creaked open. Rose stuffed the note in her pocket as Sammy, a short, plump, red-faced boy, peered inside.
“Where were you, Rose?” he asked, his voice full of worry.
“Nowhere, Sammy. Don’t worry about it,” she said, trying to sound casual.
“Do you think we’ll ever go home?” he asked quietly.
“I hope so,” she replied, her voice barely a whisper.
Sammy nodded and waved as he left, casting her one last hopeful glance. Sammy was the only person she tolerated at the centre—she saw him as an annoying little brother.
Thirty minutes later, it was time for bed, but Rose couldn’t sleep, not after finding that note. She was in two minds: should she stay, or should she leave and explore? She knew what would happen if she were caught. She would spend her whole life at the centre, working under Fedor. That was the last thing she wanted.
Eventually, she drifted off to sleep. She woke up in her own bed. Rose knew what was happening— she was in one of her flashback dreams. They occurred frequently, but this one felt different, like she was watching it unfold rather than living it.
It played out the same way: Rose complaining about school, but this time, her mother said something that stood out completely.
TRAGIC LIGHTNING STRIKE IN UGANDA
Gio G, Year 11, writes:
On November 15, 2024, a lightning strike devastated the Palasek Refugee Settlement in northern Uganda, killing 14 people and injuring 34 others. The incident occurred during a thunderstorm that caught the community by surprise. Many of the victims had taken shelter in a poorly protected structure, leading to the high number of casualties.
The Palasek Refugee Settlement, located in Lamo District near the South Sudanese border, is home to over 50,000 refugees, primarily from South Sudan. The area has minimal infrastructure and limited safety measures, making it especially vulnerable to natural disasters. According to local reports, the victims were attending a gathering when lightning struck the building, causing panic and chaos.
Among the injured were several children, some of whom were rushed to local health centres with severe burns and trauma. The Ugandan Red Cross and district authorities have been working together to provide medical assistance and support to the affected families. Unfortunately, the local healthcare facilities are underfunded and ill-equipped to handle such emergencies, which has slowed the response.
Experts warn that lightning strikes in Uganda are becoming more common due to climate change, which has caused unpredictable weather patterns and increased storm intensity. Uganda has one of the highest rates of lightning-related deaths
in the world, with hundreds of cases reported each year. This tragedy highlights the urgent need for better infrastructure and public education about lightning safety, particularly in vulnerable communities like Palasek.
Local leaders have called for immediate government intervention to prevent similar incidents in the future. Proposals include installing lightning arresters in public spaces and educating residents about precautions during storms. “We cannot allow this kind of tragedy to happen again. We must act now to protect our people,” said one
community leader.
This heartbreaking event is a reminder of the dangers faced by refugees, who often live in poorly equipped areas. The victims in Palasek were already grappling with displacement and conflict, and now their families must endure this terrible loss. It is hoped that this tragedy will inspire action to improve safety measures not only in Uganda but in refugee settlements worldwide.
Sources: Red Cross Uganda, Lamo District Disaster Office
WAS THE RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR WORLD WAR ZERO?
Edward J, Year 13, writes:
The Russo-Japanese War—a conflict between Russia and Japan over imperial dominance in East Asia—has been a hot topic of debate for historians, with some even declaring it “World War Zero.” This designation is due to the global nature of the conflict and its apparent role in igniting an inexorable chain reaction of hostility. However, as the war was primarily bilateral, the debate over the true impact of the Russo-Japanese War remains a contentious historical narrative.
The war involved far more than just Russia and Japan, drawing significant interest and indirect involvement from other world powers. Britain and France, for instance, had economic and strategic stakes in the conflict’s outcome. While Britain tacitly supported Japan because of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance of 1902, France allied with Russia. This made the conflict unprecedentedly global, extending beyond the two principal warring nations. Additionally, the United States played a pivotal role in mediating
peace between Russia and Japan through the Treaty of Portsmouth in 1905. The involvement of these major powers underscores how this was not merely a regional conflict but one that captured the attention and participation of the wider global community, much like the World Wars that followed.
The Russo-Japanese War also saw significant military innovation, foreshadowing the horrors of 20th-century conflicts. It was one of the first modern wars to see widespread use of trench warfare, machine guns, and long-range artillery. These advancements in technology and industrialised warfare set the stage for the devastating battles to come, marking the Russo-Japanese War as a critical precursor to the global conflicts of the 20th century.
However, unlike World War I or II, the Russo-Japanese War was geographically limited to East Asia and did not directly involve Western Europe or the United States militarily. While the immediate consequences included Japan’s rise as a dominant imperial
power and Russia’s retreat from the Pacific, the impacts were not as far-reaching or long-lasting as those of the World Wars. Furthermore, the absence of an overarching ideological struggle differentiates the Russo-Japanese War from later global conflicts. While World War I and II were characterised by rivalries between imperial powers and competing ideologies, the Russo-Japanese War was primarily a territorial dispute, making it more of a regional conflict than a furious clash of global ideologies.
Thus, while the Russo-Japanese War lacks some of the defining characteristics of a global conflict, its broader significance as a precursor to future global wars cannot be denied. Its designation as “World War Zero” is compelling, given its role in shifting the old-world order and echoing the dynamics of modern global power struggles. Regardless of its nomenclature, the RussoJapanese War marked a vital turning point in history, where the first tremors of 20th-century geopolitical conflicts began to resonate across the globe.
What is the OPTIMAL GLOBAL POPULATION
Mark M, Year 13, writes:
Overpopulation has no benefits. Homelessness and world hunger are at an all-time high due to rapidly rising rents, wealth inequality, and poverty. Currently, 1 in 7 people worldwide live in a slum, and it is predicted that by 2030, 1 in 4 people—over 2 billion individuals—will reside in such conditions. Another major issue in the 21st century is the immense pressure on public services. Both healthcare and education systems worldwide are understaffed and underfunded. For instance, the UK government reports that 17% of primary schools and 23% of secondary schools are at or over capacity. These problems not only diminish current quality of life but also jeopardise the future. A lack of education perpetuates a poverty cycle, increasing inequality and crime rates. Similarly, underfunded healthcare systems create a snowball effect, as deteriorating public health demands more investment than governments can afford.
Overpopulation has also led to environmental degradation. Since the 1980s, population growth and technological advancements have caused energy consumption to more than double (according to Our World in Data). This trend closely follows population increases. Meanwhile, the share of renewables in the global energy mix has only grown from 19% to 30% over the past 24 years—a positive step, but not enough to slow climate change.
Can the World Sustain Over 8 Billion People?
The answer is complex: yes and
no. Issues such as food, education, and housing shortages could be mitigated through technological and political advancements. Genetically modified (GM) foods, for instance, have reduced pesticide use, improved environmental conditions near farmland, and increased yields and profits, boosting the agricultural industry. However, the world doesn’t necessarily need more food—it needs better management of current resources. Existing food production could sustain 12–16 billion people, yet over half of it is wasted by firms, households, or through inefficient practices like feeding animals food that produces fewer calories than it consumes. The fact that there are more overweight people globally than those suffering from hunger (by approximately 200 million) underscores the inefficiency in resource distribution.
In education, proposals such as placing VAT on private school fees in the UK to fund state schools could generate £1.6 billion annually. However, there remain insufficient quality state schools to meet demand. In housing, ambitious projects like Saudi Arabia’s “The Line” and high-rise apartments are gaining popularity among developers. Yet, there is nowhere near enough affordable housing to meet global needs. Practical solutions, such as higher property taxes above a certain threshold and tax reliefs for developers of affordable housing, could alleviate this issue. Globally, millions of vacant houses and apartments remain unutilised while millions are homeless.
The reality is that we don’t
need radical technological advancements or extreme political measures to address overpopulation. Instead, incremental steps toward better resource management could make a difference. For example, supermarkets could create sections for lower-quality farm produce at reduced prices, similar to how Greggs sells leftover goods at affordable rates. Policies like these could reduce waste, improve accessibility, and alleviate inequality.
What is the Optimal Population?
This question remains highly subjective. Some estimates suggest that for full environmental sustainability, the global population should be around 3 billion—less than half of what it is today. Geographer Chris Tucker argues that this number would enable humans to live sustainably on Earth. However, such a drastic reduction would require a significant compromise in quality of life, with access to far fewer goods than we currently enjoy. On the other hand, resources like food could sustain populations exceeding 10 billion but would involve trade-offs in quality and price.
Ultimately, a fully sustainable lifestyle—one we need to adopt to avoid irreversible environmental damage—is far less glamorous than the lifestyles many are accustomed to. We must accept that sustainability involves longterm sacrifices for short-term gains, prioritising the planet’s health over consumer satisfaction. This raises the debate of satisfaction versus sustainability: do we continue seeking short-
term gratification at the expense of long-term survival, or do we choose to change?
Theories on Population Management
Two prominent theories address population growth. Thomas Malthus suggested that population growth would eventually be checked by natural factors such as famine, leading to increased death rates. This theory, known as Malthusianism, posits that population would stabilise between 9 and 12 billion. Conversely, Ester Boserup argued that human innovation would rise to meet the challenge, with advances in workforce efficiency, machinery, and genetic modification enabling food production to keep pace with population growth.
While Boserup’s optimism is encouraging, Malthusian theory may be more realistic. Humans are inherently driven by self-interest and are unlikely to change their consumption habits unless compelled by necessity. This reluctance to adapt makes Malthus’ predictions seem plausible, as widespread behavioural change is difficult to achieve voluntarily.
A Subjective Question
Determining the optimal population is an almost impossible task. The answer depends on which variable—energy, food, quality of life, or sustainability— is prioritised. For example, transitioning the world to 100% sustainable energy would require reducing the population to 30% of its current size, based on today’s energy mix. However,
this would drastically disrupt systems designed to accommodate billions of people. Similarly, while food production could sustain the current population, it would involve significant trade-offs in quality and industry structures.
Throughout history, populations have faced persistent challenges. From 1820 to 2015, the number of people living in extreme poverty remained roughly constant at 1 billion, illustrating that population alone isn’t the sole factor in societal issues. The optimal population, as the word optimal implies, is subjective and depends on which factors are deemed most important for humanity and the planet. Finding an answer requires choosing what we value most—a nearly impossible task.
AqUatics GB Summer Championships
Marty V, Year 9, writes:
Throughout the summer, and during the entire last academic year, I was training for something I never thought would happen. As you may or may not know, I am a swimmer for Camden Swiss Cottage Swimming Club (CSCSC), the largest and most successful swimming club in London. I currently train 14 hours a week, with various gym sessions in between my swimming work. Juggling this intensive training schedule is already challenging, and on top of that, I compete for my club on average every other weekend. However, the competition at the end of the season was one of the most anticipated events for swimmers aged 13 to 18: the Aquatics GB British Summer Championships.
These championships only happen once a year, and to qualify, you need to rank among the top 24 fastest swimmers in your age group across Great Britain. For any swimmer, qualifying for this event is a monumental achievement. The opportunity to swim in one of the UK’s most iconic pools, alongside the fastest swimmers in the country, is an experience that’s hard to comprehend.
I was fortunate enough to qualify for these championships and, even more remarkably, to secure places in nine individual events and one team relay. Being among the top 24 in the UK across so many events is a rare feat. The competition lasts an entire week, allowing swimmers like me to perform at our best every day. The format is structured with heats in
the morning, where all qualified swimmers compete. The top 10 swimmers from the heats are ranked and advance to the evening finals, where they swim the event again. For longer distances, such as the 800m and 1500m freestyle, winners are decided based solely on heat times.
Day 1: The 200 Freestyle
My first race was the 200 freestyle, historically one of Britain’s strongest events, with current Team GB swimmers leading the world. I finished 10th in the heats, just 0.5 seconds away from making the final. While I was initially disappointed, I used the evening to relax, hydrate, and cheer on my teammates competing in their finals.
Day 2: The 200 Fly
Day 2 brought one of the most nerve-racking races of my life: the 200 butterfly. I entered the competition seeded 3rd, meaning I was a strong contender for a British medal. The pressure was immense before I even entered the pool. Knowing how small margins can make all the difference, I was determined not to let the opportunity slip away.
In the heats, I finished with a time of 2:15.99, just 0.5 seconds from 4th place. I wasn’t happy with my performance and gave myself unnecessary pressure. I kept reminding myself that it was only one race and that “when you have a lane, you have a chance.”
The afternoon provided some time to relax and refocus, though it was difficult to keep my nerves in check. As the evening arrived, I felt ready. During the final, the
only thing I remember was the last turn. I told myself, “Let’s just finish this as fast as you can.” And I did. I finished with a massive personal best of 2:12.83, taking 3rd place and missing 2nd by just 0.01 seconds. Some might call it heartbreak, but I consider it my greatest achievement.
Standing on the podium to collect my medal was unforgettable, even if I accidentally stood on the 1st place spot before being redirected by officials. It was one of the most memorable moments of my summer.
The Rest of the Week
Over the course of the week, I competed in my remaining eight events. Highlights included finishing 6th in the 200 IM, 7th in the 400 freestyle, and 6th in the 4x200 freestyle relay. Each race was an opportunity to push myself against the best swimmers in the country.
Looking Ahead
At the time of writing, I am preparing to compete in the Schools ISA Swimming Nationals at the London Aquatics Centre, a pool where I’ve achieved many milestones, including setting a national schools record in the 50m breaststroke in 2022. The week after, I’ll compete at the Swim England Winter Nationals, swimming the 200 fly and 200 IM.
This journey has been incredibly demanding but equally rewarding. Competing at this level has pushed me to improve not only as a swimmer but also as an individual, teaching me resilience, focus, and determination.
Felipe E, Year 10, writes:
In the weeks leading up to halfterm, I had the wonderful opportunity to watch the mighty Chelsea play against K.R.C. Genk in the Conference League. Chelsea are striving to become the only team to have won all the major European club competitions. A certain club in North London hasn’t won any of them and yet still pretends to be a big club. Nevertheless, being able to sit in hospitality with one of my friends made the experience truly special.
CHELSEA VS. KRC GENK
Chelsea scored some great goals in the first half, as Genk sat back defensively but managed to provide some resistance at times. Despite the cold evening, sitting in such a nice seat more than made up for it. Genk showed flashes of quality and managed to score two goals, but they never truly threatened Chelsea’s lead.
One of my favourite players this season has been Nkunku. Even though he has only been part of the rotation XI, he has scored
some crucial goals for us, helping to secure important wins like this one. The match ended 4-2, and while the scoreline might suggest a closer game, it was a comfortable win for Chelsea.
PAUL VS. TYSON
Panos K, Year 11, writes:
The highly anticipated exhibition fight between Jake Paul and Mike Tyson recently took place, merging the worlds of internet fame and boxing legend. This matchup, although unconventional, captivated fans worldwide and highlighted the ongoing popularity of celebrity boxing events.
Jake Paul, the YouTuber-turnedboxer, entered the ring with a growing record of victories against former MMA fighters and other influencers. Despite criticisms questioning his legitimacy as a boxer, Paul has shown dedication
to the sport, training rigorously and presenting himself as a serious competitor. On the other hand, Mike Tyson, one of the greatest heavyweight champions in history, brought his legendary reputation to the fight. Although retired from professional boxing for years, Tyson’s speed, power, and presence still command immense respect and attention.
The fight itself was a thrilling spectacle. Tyson, at 58, demonstrated flashes of his former brilliance, using quick footwork and powerful combinations. Jake Paul, much younger and with more recent ring experience, relied on movement and endurance, aiming to tire the veteran out. The bout lasted eight rounds, with intense moments that had fans on the edge of their seats. While Tyson’s experience shone through in his technique and ring control, Paul’s energy and agility allowed him to land significant punches.
Paul outperformed Tyson by landing significantly more punches—78 out of 278, compared to Tyson’s 18 out of 97. Tyson’s age and reduced mobility were key factors, as he struggled to keep up with Paul’s pace. Despite the outcome, both fighters showed mutual respect, with Paul bowing to Tyson after the final round before being crowned the winner.
The fight also underscored the evolving nature of sport, where entertainment and celebrity often blend with athletic competition. While purists may view these exhibitions as less meaningful, they undeniably draw attention to boxing and introduce the sport to a wider audience. For Paul, this fight represents another milestone in his controversial yet impactful boxing career. For Tyson, it was another chance to excite his fans and remind the world of his iconic status in the sport.
CHARLES DARWIN AND THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS
Horatio S, Year 7, writes:
Charles Darwin arrived at the Galápagos Islands when he was 22, as part of an expedition aboard The Beagle. At the time, Darwin was a student of John Edmonstone, who had invited him on the trip. This journey marked the first time Darwin encountered many of the unique species that would later inspire his groundbreaking theory of evolution.
San Cristóbal
The ship’s first stop was San Cristóbal. Here, Darwin observed the cooled magma flows and the island’s harsh, dry terrain. The landscape was not what he had expected—it was barren, with leafless trees. Despite this, wildlife thrived, including birds, seals, and iguanas.
Floreana
Darwin’s observations deepened when he reached Floreana. He noticed that the birds on this island were different from those on San Cristóbal. This difference caught his attention, and he began to keep detailed notes. Floreana was greener than San Cristóbal, though parts of it remained dry. Darwin captured and dissected a
mockingbird, observing that it was distinct from mockingbirds found elsewhere. This was an early hint of his theory of evolution.
Isabela
On Isabela, Darwin encountered a lush, green island teeming with trees, plants, and wildlife. He collected another mockingbird, dissected it, and discovered it was different yet again. This observation supported his growing suspicion about variations among species and hinted at what would later become his theory of natural selection.
Santiago
Santiago was the final island Darwin visited. Here, he broadened his focus to study more than just mockingbirds. He observed that many animals on the islands had adapted to their environments but did not necessarily evolve to escape predators, as there were few predators on the Galápagos.
Return to Cambridge
Back in Cambridge, Darwin compared the animals he had
observed on the Galápagos to those from other regions. This comparison solidified his understanding and helped him formulate his theory of evolution. His discoveries in the Galápagos became one of the key foundations of his groundbreaking work, On the Origin of Species.
Husayn G, Year 11, writes:
Mao Zedong, born on December 26, 1893, in Shaoshan, Hunan Province, China, was one of the most influential leaders in modern Chinese history. Growing up in a farming family, Mao worked hard in school and developed an early interest in politics and revolutionary ideas. As a young man, he was inspired by the struggles of ordinary people and became convinced of the need for major changes in Chinese society.
In the early 20th century, China was in turmoil. The Qing dynasty had collapsed in 1911, leaving the country divided among warlords and with foreign powers controlling key areas. Mao joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1921, which was then a small group advocating for workers’ and peasants’ rights. Unlike many Communist leaders of his time, Mao believed that revolution would come from empowering the rural poor rather than the urban working class.
During the 1920s and 1930s, the CCP faced intense pressure from the ruling Nationalist Party, led by Chiang Kai-shek. Mao emerged as a key leader, organising guerrilla warfare and building support in rural areas. A turning point in Mao’s rise to leadership was the Long March of 1934–1935, when the CCP was forced to flee Nationalist forces, trekking over 6,000 miles to regroup in northern China. Despite the hardships, Mao’s leadership during the march cemented his position as the leader of the CCP.
In 1949, after years of civil war,
Mao and the Communist Party emerged victorious. On October 1, he proclaimed the establishment of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in Beijing, marking the end of centuries of imperial rule and ushering in a new era for China. As the leader of a vast nation, Mao was determined to transform China into a socialist society. He implemented sweeping reforms aimed at redistributing land, improving literacy, and modernising the economy.
However, Mao’s ambitious policies often had devastating consequences. The Great Leap Forward, launched in 1958, aimed to rapidly industrialise China and increase agricultural production. Instead, it resulted in widespread famine, causing millions of deaths. Despite this failure, Mao retained significant support and continued to push for radical changes.
In 1966, Mao launched the Cultural Revolution, a decade-
long campaign to reassert his control and eliminate perceived enemies within the Communist Party and society. This period was marked by chaos, as young Red Guards attacked intellectuals, destroyed cultural relics, and persecuted anyone seen as anticommunist. While Mao aimed to strengthen socialism, the Cultural Revolution caused immense suffering and disrupted Chinese society.
Mao remained a powerful figure until his death on September 9, 1976. His legacy is deeply controversial. Supporters credit him with unifying China and laying the foundation for its modern development, while critics highlight the millions who suffered under his policies and the lasting damage caused by his campaigns. Today, Mao is remembered as a complex and polarising figure who profoundly shaped the course of Chinese history.
CHRISTMAS IN ITALY
Gio G, Year 11, writes:
Christmas in Italy is a season full of traditions, food, and celebrations that bring people together. Italians truly know how to make the holidays special, and it’s not just about December 25th—Christmas in Italy lasts for weeks!
It all begins on December 8th with the Feast of the Immaculate Conception. This is when people put up their Christmas trees and decorations. One of the most enchanting traditions is the nativity scene, or Presepe. These scenes are often incredibly detailed and handmade. In some towns, there are even live nativity scenes where real people and animals act out the story of Jesus’ birth!
Food is a huge part of Christmas in Italy. On Christmas Eve, many families enjoy a big feast called La Vigilia. This meal is traditionally centered around seafood, such as fish, clams, and shrimp, as people typically abstain from eating meat that night. On Christmas Day, the celebrations continue with dishes
like lasagna, roasted meats, and sweet treats such as panettone and torrone. Panettone is a fluffy bread with raisins and candied fruit—it might sound unusual, but it’s absolutely delicious.
Another unique aspect of Christmas in Italy is that kids don’t only wait for Santa Claus. In some regions, especially in the north, Saint Nicholas brings gifts
earlier in December. After New Year’s, there’s also La Befana, a friendly witch who delivers candy to children on the night of January 5th. If you’ve been naughty, you might get coal—but even the “coal” is often a sweet treat!
Italian towns and cities go all out with Christmas lights, markets, and concerts. Places like Rome and Milan are particularly stunning during this season.
St. Peter’s Square in Vatican City features a giant tree and an incredible nativity scene, making it a must-see destination during Christmas.
Christmas in Italy is all about spending time with family and friends, enjoying amazing food, and keeping cherished traditions alive. It’s festive, cozy, and full of joy. I think it’s the kind of Christmas everyone should experience at least once!
A Recipe for Air Fryer Salmon
By Mylo K, Year 8
You will need:
An air fryer
Ingredients:
Salmon fillets (as many as you want)
½ cup mayonnaise
150g Parmesan cheese
1 teaspoon salt
1 teaspoon pepper
Steps:
Step 1:
Prepare the base by mixing the mayonnaise, Parmesan cheese, salt, and pepper in a bowl.
Step 2:
Spread the mixture evenly over the salmon fillets. Place the salmon in the air fryer and cook at 200°C for 12 minutes.
Step 3:
Carefully remove the salmon from the air fryer, take off the skin, and enjoy!
Notes:
This simple recipe creates a delicious and creamy salmon dish
with minimal effort, perfect for a
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