Spring 2010: Sharing the Vision by WGBH Educational Foundation

f o r f r i e n ds an d su pporte rs of wgbh

SPRING/SUMMER 2010

Celebrating and Serving

Our Community

View from

the President O

On the cover: The Calder Quartet performs before a live audience in our Fraser Performance Studio. WGBH’s Brighton studios enable us to take our role as a public convener to a whole new level: to date, more than 61,000 people have come through our doors for performances, screenings, discussions, and tours.

ne of WGBH’s greatest strengths is our commitment to creating and delivering distinctive content that serves and reflects the interests of our community. Today, as newspapers slash staff and commercial stations abandon arts coverage, WGBH is filling the gap, with expanded radio services and innovative television and Web content for our local audiences. I hope you’ve had a chance to experience 99.5 All Classical and 89.7 WGBH, Boston’s NPR® Station for News and Culture. When WCRB went on the block last fall, it was the opportunity we had been looking for—to create a 24/7 all-classical service while also restructuring 89.7 to meet our community’s demand for more in-depth coverage of local issues. Our listeners have told us acquiring WCRB was a good move, one that already is paying off. We’ve increased classical fans’ choices, while also providing a wider stage for our region’s cultural riches. “It is a dream come true to have WGBH-style classical music 24 hours a day,” writes one fan. That’s music to our ears, as we launch the WGBH radio campaign to support the station’s purchase—as is the endorsement of Yo-Yo Ma, one of the music world’s great talents. We are thrilled that he has agreed to serve as Campaign Honorary Co-Chair (see page 3). We’ll be sharing more news about the campaign, which seeks to raise $10 million, in the coming months. Also in this issue, we turn the spotlight on some of our strongest supporters— people who feel a deep connection to WGBH’s role as a vital, independent media resource for our region. One such friend is Bob Gallery, who as Bank of America Massachusetts State President helped fund the launch of our new local TV series, High School Quiz Show (see page 7). Another is Miriam Gillitt Winer, who embraces our expanded news service on 89.7 (see page 4). We’re grateful to them, and to all of you, for helping WGBH celebrate and serve our community with outstanding productions every day.

Jonathan C. Abbott President and CEO

More BSO on 99.5 All Classical

Keeping Classical Music

Close to Home

hen renowned cellist and longtime WGBH supporter yo -yo m a learned of WGBH’s plans to preserve a 24-hour all-classical station in Boston by acquiring WCRB last year, he gave the initiative an enthusiastic “two thumbs up.” Today, Ma is extending that early support as the Honorary Co-Chair of WGBH’s radio campaign, which aims to raise $10 million for the new, expanded service. “Boston was in real danger of losing an all-classical station,” says Ma. “As a performer and a listener, I applaud WGBH for recognizing the effect such a loss would have had on the community and for stepping forward to keep classical music alive and well on Boston radio.” And it’s not just radio, Ma notes. As he travels around the world for concerts and other engagements, Ma keeps up with 99.5 All Classical, streaming it on his iPhone. He also is a frequent visitor to the 99.5 All Classical website (995allclassical. org), where he recently logged on to explore the music of early 20th-century British composer Rebecca Clarke. “I love that WGBH’s classical music service is accessible anywhere, anytime,” he says. “No matter where I am, I can always connect to the sounds of home.” Connecting listeners more deeply with classical music through live performances is another WGBH strength Ma admires. He notes that the Fraser Performance Studio, where he spent a day recording last fall, has become a sought-after destination for established musicians and a launching pad for emerging artists. “Creating opportunities to develop new talent is essential to keeping classical music vital and relevant,” he notes. “Many organizations supported me when I was a young artist, and I’m proud that WGBH and 99.5 All Classical are doing that for a new generation.” With 24 hours of classical music on the air and on the Web plus hundreds of live performances and a deep bench of knowledgeable hosts, 99.5 All Classical’s future looks bright, says Ma. “WGBH always has been an excellent steward of classical music and of Boston’s rich musical tradition,” he says. “This investment in 99.5 All Classical is an extension of that commitment to building an ever more engaged and enlightened community.”

“The quintessential major orchestra.” That’s how Time magazine describes the Boston Symphony Orchestra, which has been part of WGBH’s classical music family since our first broadcast, live from Symphony Hall in 1951. With the expansion of our service on 99.5 All Classical, WGBH is bringing listeners even more of this local treasure. Our BSO concert broadcasts have effectively doubled, with a BSO program every Saturday night—and BSO artists and soloists are frequent guests in our Fraser Performance Studio. In addition to all of the unique BSO performances from Symphony Hall, listeners can tune in all three concerts from the Koussevitsky Music Shed each weekend when the BSO kicks off its Tanglewood summer season in July. 99.5 All Classical also is showcasing the Boston Pops as it celebrates its 125th season. Listen for special Pops performances, and for conductor Keith Lockhart’s thoughts behind the music during “Keith’s Classical Corner” with host Laura Carlo each weekday morning. “The classical music life of our region has few rivals elsewhere in the country or around the world, and the BSO certainly is the jewel in the crown,” says WGBH’s jon solins, program director for 99.5 All Classical. “From concerts to backstage interviews to online features and streaming, we’re proud to be able to celebrate and share more of the BSO’s rich sound and proud history with our listeners.” 99.5 All Classical: Also on 96.3 in Back Bay/Beacon Hill. Listen online at 995allclassical.org, on your Internet radio, on your HD radio at 89.7 HD2, or on 89.5 WNCK on Nantucket.

To find out more about the WGBH radio campaign, contact Vice President for Development Winifred Lenihan at 617.300.3804 or win_lenihan@wgbh.org. SHARING THE VISION NEWSLETTER • SPRING/SUMMER 2010

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A Hub for Local News From education to politics, from sports to health care—making news is part of Boston’s DNA. Since 89.7 WGBH expanded its news service last December, there’s been more local reporting to go around for the area’s public radio listeners. “Boston is brimming with stories,” says WGBH Radio General Manager john voci. “When we looked at the public radio landscape, we saw a need for strong local journalism and an opportunity for WGBH to help fill that gap.” Today, 89.7 delivers 13 hours a day of in-depth news and analysis, including two hours of fresh, local perspective on The Emily Rooney Show and The Callie Crossley Show. The station continues to build its news team and recently welcomed investigative journalist and former NPR and The World producer Phillip Martin, who reported on the casino gambling debate in Massachusetts for WGBH’s recent multi-part series The Last Resort. Martin currently is at work on 30 Years of Days at Sea, a July series that will examine the legacy of commercial fishing regulations. In addition to daily and in-depth series, Voci and his team are mining WGBH’s rich television content by developing radio features with Nova and Frontline and introducing The Daily Dish segments with Ming Tsai of Simply Ming and Lidia Bastianich of Lidia’s Italy, and weekly gardening pieces produced by WGBH’s Lifestyle Unit. “We’re always looking for new ways to engage our listeners and reflect the vibrancy of our community,” says Voci. “Stay tuned!” 89.7 WGBH, Boston’s NPR Station for News and Culture: Listen online at wgbh.org/listen, on your Internet radio, or on your HD radio at 89.7 HD1.

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A Treasure to

This Trained Eye

s a retired jewelry appraiser born in Amsterdam and raised in London and New York, m i r i a m g i l l i t t w i n e r has an eye for beauty, craftsmanship, and value. Those same qualities—along with fairness, intelligence, and appreciation for its audience—made 89.7 WGBH her public radio station of choice when she moved to Newton from Montreal more than 30 years ago. And they’re what keep her listening today. “I’ve been a loyal listener to WGBH since the minute I arrived in New England,” says Gillitt Winer, who now lives in Hollis, NH with her husband, Bob Winer. “The twittering birds that opened [late, longtime WGBH host] Robert J. Lurtsema’s Morning pro musica were my alarm clock for many years.” These days, Gillitt Winer tunes to 89.7 for reporting and analysis of local, national, and international events. A founding member of the Ralph Lowell Society and a WGBH Overseer since 2005, Gillitt Winer welcomes and supports WGBH’s expanded news coverage on 89.7. “Unlike much of mainstream media, public radio continues to present news in a manner that is straightforward and includes a wide variety of views and opinions,” she says. “I don’t think we can have too much high-quality news programming, so I was thrilled that WGBH would offer more of it to listeners.” The World, WGBH’s daily international news co-production with the BBC and PRI, is one of Gillitt Winer’s longtime favorites. “American news often ignores the rest of the world until there’s a tragedy somewhere,” she notes. “The World introduces listeners to fascinating people and places we might not otherwise hear about.” Among Gillitt Winer’s new favorites are WGBH’s daily local programs The Emily Rooney Show and The Callie Crossley Show. “Local news coverage is part of a vibrant community,” she says. “I’ve long admired Emily’s and Callie’s work on Greater Boston and Beat the Press, and I enjoy listening to them tackle subjects in even greater depth now on the radio.” Whether it’s The Diane Rehm Show, The Takeaway, or Wait, Wait, Don’t Tell Me, Gillitt Winer thinks 89.7 WGBH’s content is an invaluable resource. “Public radio is more than educational,” she says. “It’s inspirational and hopeful, and that’s important today.”

News from the Ralph Lowell Society More Reasons Than Ever

hat an exciting time to be a major part of the WGBH family! As members of WGBH’s Ralph Lowell Society, we have the satisfaction of providing crucial annual support to WGBH, while gaining access through outstanding RLS events to the fascinating people behind the productions we love. This year, the RLS team has lured me to One Guest Street almost every month. Favorite events included the Latin Music USA Celebration, Kids and Family Day, and the chance to hear and meet PBS culinary star and cookbook author Lidia Bastianich, who joined us for an RLS cocktail party following her Yawkey Theater presentation. I hope you’re also taking advantage of RLS invitations to the many tapings in WGBH’s Fraser Performance Studio by outstanding music groups, where we get to enjoy the magic of live performance. Which brings me to my next point: Do we have your email address? Our new RLS director, Vanya Tulenko, has made it a top priority to increase our opportunities to experience WGBH and the cultural riches of our community. RLS members who’ve supplied their email addresses already are taking advantage of ticket giveaways to sold-out events like Yo-Yo Ma’s recent Celebrity Series performance at Symphony Hall. Of course, we’re still mailing printed invitations, but supplying your email address will ensure our ability to offer you last-minute chances to more deeply engage with WGBH. As we approach the last quarter of WGBH’s fiscal year, a friendly reminder to please send in your renewal to keep WGBH fiscally strong. If you’re not sure when your annual contribution is due, please contact our RLS office. Thank you for making WGBH a priority in your life and have a fabulous summer!

Tutti a Tavola PBS culinary star Lidia Bastianich of Lidia’s Italy, presented by WGBH, regaled a standing-room only crowd in Yawkey Theater in March with stories about her latest cookbook: Lidia Cooks from the Heart of Italy. Afterwards, she joined Ralph Lowell Society Fellows and special guests for an exclusive, and tasty, cocktail reception in her honor.

ralph lowell society committee member marlene koslow (right) and guest

ralph lowell society member mark forziati and his guest, christina ferri, with pbs culinary star lidia bastianich (center)

overseer tom devesto and wife angela devesto with lidia

Something to Sing About Ralph Lowell Society families enjoyed an afternoon of music and fun at WGBH’s Kids and Family Day in our Guest Street Studios this January. Highlights included Boston Lyric Opera members performing scenes from the Barber of Seville and guest appearances by some of WGBH and PBS’s most popular characters, including Arthur, Buster, and Clifford the Big Red Dog.

ralph lowell society families, and a big red dog, get their first cello lesson

Going Green

The Ralph Lowell Society is “going green,” along with so much at WGBH! If you haven’t already, please send your email address to ralph_lowell_society@wgbh.org so we can keep you up-to-date on all the opportunities that come with your membership. Save a trip to the mailbox with a click on your inbox!

Genie Thorndike Chair, Ralph Lowell Society SHARING THE VISION NEWSLETTER • SPRING/SUMMER 2010

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Ralph Lowell Society

Top Picks debbie katsiro ubas, longtime volunteer coordinator for the Ralph Lowell Society Lending Library, knows what Society members like. This spring, she’s been flooded with requests for Masterpiece Classic’s Emma and Little Dorrit. Frontline, Nova, and Masterpiece Mystery! programs also are in high demand.

Cambridge Couple

Goes Global

ith professions in science and personal ties to the international community (she’s from Quebec and spent years living in France; his family came to the United States from Bangladesh), it’s not surprising that Ralph Lowell Society members sy lv i e grégoire, Pharm. D, and Overseer john a l a m, MD, value WGBH as a window on the world. “WGBH offers a global sensitivity and perspective I don’t see reflected in the mainstream media,” says John. Recently, the Cambridge parents of two sons, aged 9 and 17, took time out from their busy family life and careers—he as a physician and advisor to several biotechnology companies and she as president of Shire Human Genetic Therapies—to speak with Sharing the Vision’s Tina Vaz. What are your family’s public broadcasting favorites? John: Frontline is at the top of the list for Sylvie and me. Our older son watches it as well. We also are fans of Masterpiece and the Ken Burns documentaries. Sylvie: Our younger son loves Fetch! and secretly watches Curious George even though he’s older now. We all enjoy Antiques Roadshow—even our little one! You’re both members of the scientific community. How does WGBH contribute to science literacy? John: I’ve been watching Nova since I was a young man. I’ve always admired how skillfully the series conveys the principles and process of complex science to the public. Sylvie: WGBH offers science programming that is accessible to people of all ages and levels of understanding. Programs like Fetch! and Curious George get kids thinking about how the world works. For adults, shows like Nova and Nova ScienceNow strike a perfect balance of depth and novelty. Why have you made WGBH a philanthropic priority? John: Whether it’s documentaries, science, drama, or music, WGBH connects audiences with the global community and promotes greater understanding of intellectual and cultural traditions from around the world. Sylvie: WGBH promotes universal values—curiosity, honesty, integrity, respect for the environment, fairness, balance—that help us all be better, more thoughtful citizens. PAG E 6

“Our donors are as passionate about WGBH as I am,” she quips. “They’re always asking for WGBH’s latest productions.” Taking advantage of this exclusive RLS benefit is easy: call the RLS Hotline at 617.300.3900 or email ralph_lowell_ society@wgbh.org and supply your name, address, and program request. Debbie will take care of the rest!

r a l p h lo w e l l s o c i e t y m e m b e r s h i p l eve ls chairman’s circle • $50,000 president’s circle • $25,000 benefactor • $10,000 sponsor • $5,000 fellow • $2,500 friend • $1,500 For a complete list of the benefits and privileges at each membership level, please call the Ralph Lowell Society Hotline at 617.300.3900, visit wgbh.org/ralphlowell, or email ralph_lowell_society@wgbh.org. We welcome your questions and value your support. Chair, Ralph Lowell Society • Geneva Thorndike Director, Ralph Lowell Society • Vanya Tulenko Associate, Ralph Lowell Society • Cristina Aspuru Volunteer, Video Lending Library • Debbie Katsiroubas

Community Rallies

Supporting a “

Great Idea

ring it on!” That was the reaction of Massachusetts Commissioner of Elementary and Secondary Education Mitchell D. Chester to WGBH President Jon Abbott’s idea for a TV quiz show that would pit academic teams from high schools throughout Massachusetts against each other in competition for a coveted state championship—and bragging rights as the quickest wits in the Commonwealth. High School Quiz Show, a weekly series that premiered on WGBH in March, brought together more than 100 young scholars from schools large and small, urban and suburban, public and charter in head-to-head competition. Twenty teams from eastern Massachusetts participated in 10 qualifying rounds before the final four met four western Massachusetts teams from WGBY’s long-running series As Schools Match Wits in playoff rounds that culminated in the state championship, broadcast in mid-June. Strong, early support from funders was crucial to bringing High School Quiz Show to the air, to the Web, and into the community. Major production support for the series is provided by the University of Massachusetts. Research, development, and production funding is provided by The Bank of America Charitable Foundation. Additional funding is provided by Comcast, the Massachusetts Teachers Association, and the New England Aquarium. “Education and arts and culture are two of Bank of America’s key philanthropic priorities,” says bob gallery, Bank of America Massachusetts State President, who also serves as Vice Chair of WGBH’s Board of Overseers. “High School Quiz Show offered a new opportunity for us to work with our partners at WGBH to deliver on those priorities in a fun and exciting way.” In addition to celebrating academic achievement, High School Quiz Show is tied to the Commonwealth’s core curriculum with questions covering literature, history, and science along with current events, sports, entertainment, and general knowledge. Taped before a live audience, the series brought together families, teachers, schools, and communities to cheer on their home teams. “Strong public education is essential to a stable and vibrant community,” says Gallery. “By spotlighting the academic talents of our young people, High School Quiz Show motivates students to succeed and shows that smarts are just as important as sports in building school pride.”

Foam fingers, team t-shirts, hand-painted signs, proud parents, and sideline cheers— they’re what you’d expect to find at a high school sporting event. But for several weekends this past spring, these fixtures of the playing field made their way to WGBH’s Brighton studios as students, teachers, parents, and supporters turned out to root on the teen competitors in WGBH’s new statewide academic challenge series, High School Quiz Show. “It’s like a pep rally for smart kids!” says series host Dhaya Lakshminarayanan. Bringing communities together to celebrate academic achievement is at the heart of High School Quiz Show. It’s an idea with wide appeal, as executive producer hillary wells and her team learned when they began reaching out to schools about participating. “Within a few weeks of our sending out a flyer to test the waters,” Wells says, “more than 70 schools had applied for our 20 competition slots.” In addition to stoking friendly competition among schools, High School Quiz Show ties into the Massachusetts core curriculum. Discussions already are underway for season two. “When you walk through a school you see cases of trophies for athletic teams,” says Wells. “High School Quiz Show offers high-achieving students a way to get the same kind of recognition. I see the need for more trophy cases in the future!” Learn more about High School Quiz Show at highschoolquizshow.org, and follow the series on Facebook and Twitter.

SHARING THE VISION NEWSLETTER • SPRING/SUMMER 2010

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Rath Named Becton Fellow If you ask arun rath, he’s one of the luckiest people working in journalism today. During his 15-year career, he’s directed National Public Radio’s Talk of the Nation, won a Peabody Award with NPR’s On the Media, and hosted Public Radio International’s Studio 360. Since joining WGBH’s Frontline in 2006, he’s been nominated for a Writers Guild Award and an Emmy, and gone in front of the camera to report for Frontline/ World and the new world-music program Sound Tracks. Rath’s good fortune—and broad talent —show no sign of running out. Recently he was named WGBH’s Becton Fellow for 2010. The Becton Fund, established in 2007 to honor the creative legacy of longtime WGBH President (now Vice Chair) Henry Becton, Jr., awards honorary fellowships to promising producers whose work is emblematic of WGBH’s mission. “WGBH and Frontline are standardbearers for public media’s civic approach to journalism,” says Rath. “I’m proud to have a part in advancing that mission.” Rath has hosted and produced Frontline’s audio podcasts, which take listeners behind the scenes and even deeper into the broadcast stories. During his fellowship year, he will continue to develop original radio pieces derived from Frontline reporting with partners at NPR, PRI, and WGBH for All Things Considered, On the Media, and other public radio programs heard on 89.7 WGBH. “Good reporting translates across media,” notes Rath. “We’re just beginning to scratch the surface of what’s possible when we combine Frontline’s rich content with WGBH’s strengths in radio and new technologies.” To learn more about the Becton Fund, contact WGBH Vice President for Development Winifred Lenihan at win_lenihan@wgbh.org.

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New WGBH Trustees (from left): Juan Enriquez, Sara Lawrence-Lightfoot, and Richard M. Burnes, Jr.; not shown: Linda Dunlavy and Jack M. Wilson

Welcome Aboard

n February, the WGBH Board of Trustees welcomed Richard M. Burnes, Jr., Linda Dunlavy, Juan Enriquez, Sara Lawrence-Lightfoot, and Jack M. Wilson to the Board, and elected outgoing Trustee Rob Radloff as a Trustee Emeritus in recognition of his extraordinary service. “We are thrilled to draw such a talented group of leaders,” says Board Chair Amos B. Hostetter, Jr. “We’re looking forward to working with them in the coming year.” rich a r d m . b u r n es , j r . is co-founder and Partner of Charles River Ventures. He chairs the boards of both the Boston Museum of Science and the Entrepreneurs Foundation of New England, is Vice Chairman of Sea Education Association, and a director of The Boston Foundation. Burnes holds an MBA from Boston University and an undergraduate degree from Harvard. linda d u n l av y is the Executive Director of the Franklin Regional Council of Governments, where she has led several initiatives, including the Franklin County Public School project aimed at implementing cost-saving efficiencies. Dunlavy sits on numerous boards, including the Massachusetts Broadband Institute and WesternMA Connect, and serves as Chair of WGBY’s Board of Tribunes. juan e n r i q u e z is Managing Director of Excel Venture Management, Chairman and CEO of Biotechonomy, and was the Founding Director of Harvard Business School’s Life Sciences Project. The author of several books on technology and business, Enriquez is a graduate of Harvard University and Harvard Business School. sara l aw r e n c e - l i g h t fo ot is the Emily Hargroves Fisher Professor of Education at Harvard University, a sociologist, and a prize-winning author. She serves on the boards of Atlantic Philanthropies, Bright Horizons Family Solutions, and Berklee College of Music. Lawrence-Lightfoot received her BA from Swarthmore College and doctorate from Harvard University. jack m . w i l s o n is President of the five-campus, 66,000-student University of Massachusetts System and was founding CEO of UMassOnline. He is Chair of the APLU Commission on Innovation, Competitiveness and Economic Prosperity. He Co-Chairs the Massachusetts Life Science Collaborative of Business and Universities and is Vice Chair of the Commonwealth Life Sciences Center. He serves on the Massachusetts Science, Technology, Engineering and Math Advisory Council and has served on multiple National Academy of Science and National Research Council committees.

An Eventful Season An Evening with

Charlie Rose He’s interviewed Nobel Laureates and presidents—extraordinary men and women in science, politics, art, business, literature, and more on his nightly one-hour program. And last November, Charlie Rose was WGBH Trustees Board Chair Amos Hostetter, Jr. and Barbara Hostetter’s guest at a cocktail party in their historic Beacon Hill home for members of the Ralph Lowell Society’s President’s Circle and friends.

pbs legend charlie rose with hosts, wgbh board chair amos b. hostetter, jr. and barbara hostetter

overseers susan stickells (left) and terrie bloom

Celebrating

Earth Days

trustee and host lynn bay dayton (right) welcomes (from left) overseer belinda termeer, ann ziegler, shari malyn, and overseer hans ziegler

overseer michael mccay (left) and partner, ralph lowell society member dan salera

WGBH Trustee Lynn Bay Dayton and Bruce Dayton welcomed Ralph Lowell Society Sponsors to their Chestnut Hill home in late March for a cocktail reception and sneak preview of the Sundance Film Festival hit Earth Days with filmmaker Robert Stone and American Experience executive producer Mark Samels. Earth Days made its television premiere on American Experience in April in celebration of the 40th anniversary of Earth Day.

earth days celebrants (from left): american experience senior producer sharon grimberg, earth days filmmaker robert stone, american experience executive producer mark samels, hosts bruce and lynn bay dayton, wgbh president jon abbott, and author stephanie mills

May the Best

Team Win Friends of WGBH joined an enthusiastic audience in Calderwood Studio for tapings of the first season of WGBH’s High School Quiz Show, a weekly television series that pits high school teams from across the state in a fast-paced, head-to-head competition. The series premiered in March. (For more about High School Quiz Show, see page 7.)

high school quiz show host dhaya lakshminarayanan and stage manager ron milton wow a crowd of enthusiastic fans

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WGBH One Guest Street Boston, MA 02135 wgbh.org

P R E SO RT E D F I R ST C L A SS M A I L U . S . P OSTAG E PA I D P E R M I T N O. 2 50 M A I L E D F RO M 01 8 4 2

F O R F R I E N D S A N D S U P P O RT E R S O F W G B H • S P R I N G / S U M M E R 2 0 1 0

Celebrating and Serving

Our Community WGBH celebrates and serves our community — on TV, on radio, online, in the classroom, around town, and

here in our Brighton studios. We cover important local issues…support and promote academic achievement… and showcase our region’s cultural riches. No wonder

millions of New Englanders count on WGBH every day.

For general information, please contact

Winifred Lenihan Vice President for Development WGBH One Guest Street Boston, MA 02135 617.300.3804 winifred_lenihan@wgbh.org

Sharing the Vision is a publication of WGBH

Publication Coordination Christina Ventresca

Editorial Tina Vaz Susan Reed

Production Lenore Lanier-Gibson

Director, Constituent Communications Cynthia Broner

Design Danielle Pierce

Associate Director Susan Reed

OF MIRIAM GILLITT WINER. • PAGE 5: ©WGBH/LISA ABITBOL (6). • PAGE 6: COURTESY OF JOHN TIEULI; © DON WEST; ©WGBH/ALISON KENNEDY. • PAGE 8: COURTESY OF “FRONTLINE”;

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