CONTENT
Junzhe Zhao
Apply for Master of Landscape Architecture (MLA) The University of Manchester Email:zjzhe95@gmail.com Tel:+86 17724665240
From negative to positive In today's world, the inadequate supply of resources for society and the rapid development and construction have led to many negative impacts on the environment and urban communities. It is important that we see the potential of the world through these negative elements and find ways to bring them together to achieve a positive landscape. In this collection I have tried to explore the negative conditions of the sites themselves and use certain strategies to make them comfortable, adaptable to the city and suitable for the inhabitants. In these ways you will see another side of the world.
01
LIVE WITH RIVER
02
ITERATIVE GROWTH
03
SMART GRAZING AND NEW COMMUNITIES 09-11
04
OTHER WORK
02-05
Landscape and urban design of the area along Buji River (Luohu Section)
06-08
Hou Tou Wan Village Landscape Planning and Design
Responsive urban design for air pollution in Ulan Bator
12
01 LIVE WITH RIVER
CURRENT ISSUES WATER POLLUTION
Landscape and urban design of the area along Buji River (Luohu Section) Type: individual work Instructor:Sha Huang sh959@cornell.edu Date: 05/2021—07/2021 Location：Shenzhen,Guangdong,China
Buji River crosses over Luohu center. As Shenzhen's earliest urban area, Luohu District has witnessed the achievements of Shenzhen's reform and opening up and firstly faced the problems of urban aging and declining environmental quality. As the main corridor necessary space for production and living, Buji River, with its coastal areas, has the following problems: it has a vital function of municipal flood control while it is weak as an ecological corridor and insufficient in its water affinity. And River pollution is severe; space fragmentation is serious. River accessibility is poor; urban vitality functions are developed behind the river. These problems lead to an imbalance in the relationship between the city and the river.
LOCATION
SHENZHEN
90% of Buji River's water pollution sources come from domestic pollution
N LUOHU
There are 136 industrial enterprises that discharge productive wastewater in the basin.25 pollution sources emit more than 1 ton per day
A large amount of chemical fertilizers and livestock manure are discharged along the river
CITY AND RIVER ISOLATED
Key design section WEILING PARK
1.poor condition 2. Narrow river 3.Vertical revetment
BUJI RIVER
4. Crowded urban building layout on both sides
Railings hinder city to the river, it is impossible to enter the river
HONGHU PARK
Both sides of the river are cut off by municipal roads and railways
TYPE OF REVETMENT
Roads develop along the river , very few roads extending to the river poor accessibility
1.Vertical revetment 2. Traffic blocked on both sides of the river 3.Next to Honghu park
60% are hard slope revetments, with strong flood control and weak ecology
The river section of Honghu Park is stepped reveted, weak ecological and hydrophilic properties
The upper reaches of the river are partly covered, with poor landscape and hydrophilicity
POOR PUBLIC FACILITIES ON BOTH SIDES OF THE STRAIT Buji river Water area Green public Second residence Fourth residence Commerce First industry Palace of Culture Highway Main road Secondary road Railway Design Scope
1. Crowded urban building layout on both sides
There is little public space on both sides of the river,poor hydrophilicity
Traffic along the river is chaotic, and there is no diversion of people and vehicles
The building density in the area is too high, less green space, poor comfort
MASTER PLAN
N
0
1 2
3
STRATEGY 1 Traffic: Sort out traffic and create a variety of transportation methods
400 200
Municipal water treatment
600m
Adjust the urban layout along the river to create 2 Space: a comfortable riverfront space and urban public space.
3 Revetment: Ecological transformation to enrich the revetment function.
4
4 Water : River purification, ecological water purification system construction
5
3
7
6
TRAFFIC
8
Road system
Combined with the functional layout, a grading system is formed. Let traffic flow unimpeded and reach the river easily.
9
Public traffic system
Set up a multi-level slowmoving system with slowmoving riding function to build a convenient and comfortable slow-moving network.
10
3
Intelligent system
Improve public transportation to form a traffic operation system with "fast and slow" orderly and rationally connected
GREEN SPACE
11
13
Slow -traffic system
Use smart systems to effectively connect and control traffic management and public travel.
COMMUNITY SPACE Streetscape planting
Green roof
Set up strip of landscape along the road, mainly for viewing rather than staying, to increase the greening rate
Improve the green vision rate. Greening measures in the air can be adopted, such as building roofs, corridors, pedestrian bridges, retaining walls, etc.
Adjust the density of buildings, increase public space, and improve comfort level
buildings setback to enrich the riverfront space
12
Community garden
Pocket park
Transform small spaces such as roadsides, streets and houses into "pocket parks", Emphasize closeness, accessibility, and increase utilization
Make use of urban idle space to create public green space and public space for citizens to use. Expand the area of urban greening.
Adjust the height of the building to form a pleasant architectural living space
TYPE OF REVETMENT
13
Ecological natural revetment
Ecological step revetment 14
15
13
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
business districtGreen Cross-street flyover Original building Talent community Second floor corridor Smart office area Ecological revetment Waterfall Garden ECOLOGICAL Ecological green space Biogrid honghu park highline park Railway New residential area Community waterfront section Historic Park Design Scope
River and lake connection
WATER PURIFY SYSTEM Sand filter pond
Step1
Ecological Phosphorus Removal
Step2
Step3
Surface wetland
Submerged plants
Step4
SECTION
B
NODAL DESIGN—01
1.Mixed sand and gravel 0-50mm infill Combined with waterfront aquatic plants
N
Site
2.Stake cross fixing
20
3.Crossbeam fixing
A—A'
80m
40
0
60
1 Waterfront Steps
8 Bridge
2 Commercial area
9 Surface wetland
7
1 A' A
2
3 Waterfront meadows 10 Terrace square 6.5
4.5
3.0
1.5
0.0
3.0
0.0
Waterfront Steps
Buji river
5.5
Commercial area
4 Water platform
11 Community playground
5 Cross-street flyover
12 Grassy slopes
6 Railways 7 Original building
13 Traditional office area 14 Creative office area
0.0
3 4
5 8
B—B'
13 6
Original building Infrastructural improvements to existing buildings Renovation
Commercial area Complete waterfront space with waterfront terraces
13 7
24m
2
75m
Traditional office area Ground floor podium commercial super high-rise commercial office tower block
Creative office area Enclosed design with a central part of the site forming a crossover The space for interaction 120m
14
45m
7
10
9 14
36m
8
Water platform
12
11
1
B'
Residential areas
Community playground
NODAL DESIGN—02 2 1 N
20
Site
3
80m
40
0
5
60
A
1 Waterfront Trestle
8 Garden on the Bridge
2 Steps Plaza
9 Hiking trails
3 Sunshine Lawn
10 Terrain Park
4 Waterfall Garden
11 Leisure Plaza
5 Residential areas
12 Jogging trail
4 Waterfall Garden
A'
14
5
6 Railways
13 Rest Garden
7 Elevated structure
14 Surface wetland
6 B'
9
8 7
RIVERBED RESTORATION DESIGN
10
+0.00
Force-bearing structures
11
12
9
Elevated structure
The main bridge is a prestressed concrete continuous box girder structure with a lightweight and corrosion resistant stainless steel grid structure. The bridge deck is equipped with planting ponds.
13 Steps Plaza
SECTION A—A'
7.5 0.0 Underground structures Terrain Park
Buji river
Driveway
B—B' 7.5
5.5 0.0
Sunshine Lawn
-1.5
-2.5
Waterfall Garden
5.5 1.0
0.0
Waterfront Trestle
Buji river
Driveway
Garden on the Bridge
5
B
300
Railing Concrete
Sand and gravel mixes0-150mm
300
Steel mesh Vertical Planting Tank Column Paving+Planting bed
100 300
ELEVATED STRUCTURE DESIGN
Railway
02 ITERATIVE GROWTH
350
NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
Hou Tou Wan Village Landscape Planning and Design Type: group work Date: 07/2021—08/2021 Collaboration with Chang Zhou [Contribution:Rhino-50%,Concept Design-50%,Drawing-50%] Instructor:Sha Huang sh959@cornell.edu Location：Zhoushan,Zhejiang,China
Wind strength analysis
Rainfall analysis
Vegetation cover
Mild
Mild General
Abandoned villages became popular on the Internet due to photos, and the click-through rate was extremely high. The actual number of tourists was extremely low. The contradiction was obvious-the site infrastructure was found to be extremely poor and could not meet the tourist demand. It is hoped that by optimizing the basic pattern of the village, replacing the village habitat for 50 years, and shaping the experience space of the forest and sea through the slope grouping, it will become a respectable eco-tourism village.
Less
General
General Numerous
Severity
Severity
Most serious
CURRENT BUILDING STATUS Percentage of total buildings
complete buildings
35%
Vegetation covered buildings
good condition,well overall structure
30%
35%
Badly damaged building
Building covered with climbing vines, well landscaped,serious structural damaged
building are seriously damaged, and dangerous
Trail
Entrance
SLOPE RATING SITE
0°—5°
0°
6°—15°
5°
16°—25°
15°
Water seepage 98%
8°
25°—35°
30°
20°
Water seepage 85%
Water seepage 60%
36°—45°
25°
Water seepage 45%
38° 35°
Water seepage 25%
Houtouwan Village N
SLOPE AND HOUSE DAMAGE MAY RESULT IN LANDSLIDE Soil layer(1.5-2m) Weathered crust
Ri
35°
e
complete building Vegetation covered building
East China Sea
26-
in el
ocean currents wind direction
Granite layer
dg
road
SITE
0-5°
16
36
-2
Badly damaged building Water stagnant point
Rainwater runoff
5°
Rainwater runoff
-4
5°
Rainwater penetration
Rainwater penetration
45°
OVERALL STRATEGY
2070 - PLAN
A 50-year iteration of the village will be completed between 2020 and 2070 through year-by-year planning of buildings, roads, space and vegetation, resulting in a well-established ecological tourist village Existing condition Buildings
Initial operations
The building has been improved year by year
Phase 2 operations Complete building
2035
Badly damaged building
2070
Vegetation covered buildings
8
Roads
The road is built year by year with the building
Space
Site increases with roads and buildings
Original road
Sidewalk
Main road
Building entrance road
Plank roads and peripheral roads
Space
4 Vegetation Site increases with roads and buildings
7
5
vine
shrub
shrub
5
6
crop rotation
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
Birds foraging but not roosting Few creatures
herb
arbor
shrub
crop rotation
5 2
Biological chain
crop rotation
activity
1
Livable ecological environment
N
Initial operations
Phase 2 operations
2050
2030
20 0
Lonicera
Pyracantha Ligustrum Forsythia
Elaeocarpus Osmanthus Fragrans Delonix
Lycopersicon Oryza
Sativa L Citrullus Solanum Tuberosum L
60m 40
1 Understory space 2 Rain garden 3 Pier 4 Landscape architecture 5 Residential building 6 Event plaza 7 Farmland
Existing condition
Initial operations
Phase 2 operations
2035
3
2070
8 Entrance plaza
NODAL DESIGN—01
PLAN
MOUNTAIN PART
N
1
AXONOME
A
2
A
1.Roof 1.Roof
3
1 2
2.Roof Structure
2.Roof Structure
3.Roof Load-bearing Structure
3.Building Structure
4.Building Structure
3
4 2
4.Window Structure
5.3F Internal Wall
5.Internal Wall
10 0
6 7
5
Understory space New residential building Renovation building Farmland Terraced landscape Landscape platform Landscape Architecture Main road
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
8
A'
20m 15
A'
6.2F Internal Wall
6.Wall Structure Cinnamomum Pyracantha Citrullus Ligustrum Elaeocarpus
7.1F External Platform 7.Architectural Form
Oryza sativa L Delonix
Albizia
Soil layer(3—4m) Weathered crust Granite layer
Residential
Road
Farmland
A
Viewing
Village
NODAL DESIGN—02 COASTAL PART
1.Original structure
1
2.Interior Structure
10
B
2.External structure
8
A'
0
3
3
B'
4.Trees
4.Trees
B
2 Event venue 3
3 Landscape architecture 5 Main road 6 Rain garden 7 Floating garden 8 Pier
3.Vertical with green section A-A'
15
4 Path under the forest
6
4 5 3.Vertical with green
20m
1 Coastal trail
6
7
2
A
AXONOME
N
1.Original structure
PLAN
A
section B-B'
Soil layer(3—4m) Weathered crust Granite layer
Ficus concinna Osmanthus Pyracantha Elaeocarpus Cinnamomum
Lonicera Delonix
A'
Albizia
B' Grass slope
Event venue
sloperoute
Pier
Route Rain garden
road
03 SMART GRAZING AND NEW COMMUNITIES
Ulan Bator
Responsive urban design for air pollution in Ulan bator Type: individual work Instructor:Sha Huang sh959@cornell.edu Date: 09/2021—11/2021 Location：Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Mongolia
Yurt Area
ONE OF THE WORLD'S MOST AIR-POLLUTED CITIES
PM2.5 LEVELS IN WINTER IN ULAANBAATAR EXCEED THE SAFE LEVEL BY MORE THAN 40 TIMES. ULAN BATOR1.37 aat
ar
50%
main reason
of herders
Coal for heating 80%
51%
a
Ul a
nb
MILLION
Oth e
rc
it y
proportion of the population
Proportion of herders
Ulan Bator has a population of 1.5 million, while Erdenet, the second largest city in Mongolia, has only 80,000. Therefore, there are very few people living in other parts of Mongolia.
80% for herders to heat
The heating period in Ulan Bator is as long as 8 months in winter. More than half of the herders live in the yurt area without heating in the north, and each family consumes> 5 tons of raw coal and 3 cubic meters of wood per year.
The herders use tents and brick houses in winter to settle down in the suburbs.
pathogenicity rate
Lighter grassland pollution
Desertification12% Forest felling 5% Automobile exhaust 3%
Causes of air pollution
49%
10%
High levels of urban pollution
Pollution pathogenicity rate
Winter is the most polluted and the city is covered in haze
Air pollution is related to 1 out of every 10 deaths caused by illness in Ulabato City. Air pollution in winter is equivalent to the harm of smoking 4 to 5 packs of cigarettes per person per day
PERCENTAGE OF SQUATTER AREAS
The uncontrolled growth of livestock has led to difficult living conditions for herders on the grasslands and lower and lower incomes, leading more herders to return to the cities in search of a way out ORIGINAL
1930's
1991's
11,5000
180,000
7%
NOW
774,000
10%
137,0000
30%
51%
PASTORALIST STATUS ISSUES
YURT AREA ISSUES
Unmanaged grazing, uncontrolled family-based grazing, unplanned livestock expansion, and a large amount of human input per family
Each household heats itself by fire and uses poor quality coal FirewoodCluttered layoutand rubbish, tyres, etc.
1.Unregulated grazing/Investing a lot of manpower
1.Difficulties with heating
12.46 MILLION /1950‘s
leading to increased levels of lung disease among urban dwellers
31.3 MILLION/1998’s OVER 66 MILLION/2019's
2.Winter disasters and low household income
2.Routes form loops and idle for long periods in winter
Winter disasters never cease, with the 2015 blizzard killing 120,000 livestock and causing another 100,000 females to abort in nine Mongolian provinces. The average annual income of pastoralists for the last 10 years is US$2,000, which is a very low percentage, and most of them are poor families
Returning to the herding areas for warmth in winter and grazing in spring, summer and autumn forms the cycle of herders' migration through the seasons. During the grazing season the houses in the herding areas are left unused.
Winter grasslands are not viable
2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800
1950 2040 19801820 1470 14601400 1592 1099 840 2009 2010 2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Winter 95% usage rate
winter
US$2,000 each family Blizzard
The main source of pollution comes from winter heating in the yurt area
2019
grazing 2020
herding areas
Spring, Summer, Autumn
spring, summer autumn 5% usage rate
OVERALL STRATEGY
1.SMART GRAZING
The air pollution problem is tackled at source, mainly in two directions: herding methods and winter heating in the yurt area. 1. Grazing adopts a new intelligent grazing system, setting up electronic fences, monitoring sheep through GPS collars and releasing herders' manpower to settle in the yurt area for other labour. In winter, winter pastures are set up to solve the problem of cold winter disasters. 2. The yurt area will be transformed into a new type of community, using bio-clean energy and solar energy for heating, solving the air pollution caused by winter heating from the root, while the community scale group planning, setting up economic farms, increasing the income of herders while providing raw materials for winter heating and providing comfortable living and working places for herders. Desertification
Wisdom grazing
Spring Summer Autumn Spring /Autumn Pastures GPS Time:Apr.—May. Sept.—Oct. Grassland Highlands, forests, meadows gnawing reduced
Electronic fencing
Transmission to pastoralists Freeing up manpower GPS positioning
Winter pastures
Water intake
Protecting against the cold
Desertification improvement
Body temperature
2.NEW COMMUNITY— HEAT SUPPLY PROCESS
Solar Energy Systems
Heating is carried out by two environmentally friendly energy sources: solar energy and biomass energy. Biomass energy is made of sheep dung and agricultural waste. Energy and heating are circulated, reducing air and coal emissions, reducing pollution and increasing thermal energy effects.
New community
Smart Grazing
New energy collective heating
Sheep locating system
Heat storage85%
Heat supply rate 80%
Stockpile
Central heating water tank
Purification systems
Thermal reaction unit Agricultural residues Process the raw materials
Burner
Pump
Daily Water Water storage tanks
Eco-buildings
Underfloor heating
Winter pastures
Heating Heat supply rate 40%
Original coal emissions 80% Coal emissions from biomass energy 5%
SMART GRAZING ROUTES
Transfer pipes
Storage
Solar
Reduction 75%
Tour
Steam evaporator
Heating
Solar panels
2.Solar— Household facilities
Education
Hot water in the kang
Collecting snow water
Sheep manure
Winter pasture Charities
Delivered to each household
1.Bio-clean energy—Central heating
Community farm
The first call is for rich yurt people to make public donations to pilot community and smart grazing, and for herders to gradually increase their income and reduce environmental pollution, forming a virtuous circle
Intelligent monitoring
Amount of food
Winter
Disorderly grazing Winter disaster
Signal transmission
Summer pastures Planning mobile pastoral areas Time:Jun.—Sept. Pastoral areas vacant restoration Low mountains, hills, plains
Air pollution
Electronic fencing
Relay base stations
Kang:A bed made of concrete filled with hot water
Spring/summer rotational grazing areas are selected from hilly and plain areas, totalling 20 km2. Autumn rotation grazing area selected from high mountains and forests, total 25 km2 PLAIN
GRAZING AREAS
YURT AREA
3
) km
20
il (
SPR. 03
tA
10th Oct.—25th Oct. (25km
)
FAL. 07
SUM.07 SUM. 05
LOW HILLS
30 th
30
—
ne
Ju )
km
30 ly （
Ju
0 km )
h nc
Ra
YURT AREA
t
us
th
er
FORESTS
1
—
slan d(1
th
25
t. Oc
as
FAL. 09
0th
(2 v. o N
d gr
5t h
5k
Res erve
1s
FAL. 10
m)
int
Before Grazing area 105km2 Adjusted grazing area 45km2
30th April—30th May (24km)
oW
Reduction 58%
TAKAYAMA
nt
SPR.02
1 y— a M 30th
30th August—20th Sep. (35km)
SPR. 04 SPR. 01
tur
START SPR. 00
15th June— 30th June (16km)
FAL. 08
20th Sep.—10th Oct. (40km)
Re
Ju ne (1 6k m)
pr
il
—
h 0t
r Ap
FAL. 09
ly—
t 30
u hJ
th
30
g Au
) km SUM. 06
0 (3
HILLY
NEW COMMUNITY PLAN
Overall aerial view
3
2
7 N
4
6
4 Spring/Summer—Residential areas
1 20
60m 40
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Boiler House
6
5
Storage space
4
Yurt storage area Residential areas Community farm Winter pasture parking lot
BUILDING HEATING SYSTEMS
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING The rectangular shape is used as a prototype and is reassembled by drawing and pulling to form different spatial blocks prototype
Solar panels Efficent insulation roofs Roof slope 19° （Highest solar emissivity）
150 ㎡
Suitable for
120 ㎡
Suitable for
100 ㎡
Suitable for
60 ㎡
Suitable for
public green location three or more members
Autumn—Community farm
public green location three or more members
Combination I
Solid walls Combination II Insulation layer Wall film Combination III
Fiberglass mesh
lacking public three members.
lacking public two couples.
Winter—Winter pasture
Mortar
Combination IV
Exterior coatings
Water storage tanks
SHEEP SHED
Design the single function sheep shed and multi-purpose sheep shed with storage functions Combination I
Hot water the kang Biomass Heating collection Heating pipes
Underfloor heating pipes
Combination II
Combination I
Combination II
04 OTHER WORK
WORK PROJECTS-BUILT PROJECTS Role:Project Manager 2020-2021 Gangcong Mansion landscape design
WORK PROJECTS-COMPETITION Role:main participant, 2020-2021 Qianhai public space design competition 2020 Shenzhen,Guangdong,China 1st place
2020-2021 Nanjing,Jiangsu,China Size: 10,000 ㎡
SHAFU RIVER— QILI RESERVOIR BIDAO CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING DESIGN COMPETITION
2020 Shenzhen,Guangdong,China 1st place
Yangjiawei landscape design 2020-2021 Nanjing,Jiangsu,China Size: 320,000 ㎡
SHUIDONG BAY AND NANHAI TOURISM ISLAND— CONCEPT PROPOSAL FOR THE ECO & BLUE CORRIDOR
2020 Maoming,Guangdong,China 3rd place
WORK PROJECTS-BUILT PROJECTS Role:Designer, 2017-2019
Rushan - Tidal Lake Wetland Park INTERNATIONAL CONSULTATION ON CONCEPTUAL PLANING FOR ZIJIN MOUNTAIN AND XUANWU LAKE
2016-2018 Weihai,Shandong,China Size: 405 ha
2021 Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China 2nd place
DRAWING AND PHOTOGRAPHY Marker Painting in 2019
Dongchang Lake Landscape Enhancement
Filmed in Dali, Yunnan, China in 2020
2017-2018 Liaocheng,Shandong,China Size: 60.3 ha