A
S
H
R
A
E
I N T E G R AT E D S U S TA I N A B L E B U I L D I N G D E S I G N A TRANS ATLANTIC PARTNERS HIP The ISBD team for the proposed building project features a transatlantic partnership between Technical University of Denmark (DTU) and The Pennsylvania State University. Our unique collaborative team successfully integrated aspects of site development, building design, construction, and operation and maintenance for achieving a sustainable design to meet the client’s objectives and provide the lowest life cycle cost over a 50-year period. Our diverse ASHRAE Integrated Sustainable Design competition team includes graduate students from four different continents, attending two universities 6391 km (3972 mi.) apart.
ARNAVUTKÖY, TURKEY Istanbul, Turkey is the largest metropolis of Europe.
Urban expansion has put a tremendous stress on resources such as clean air, potable water supply and agricultural land. Is-
tanbul’s topography is a system of ridges and basins. A network of reservoirs lies in the water basins, which provide the vast city with clean drinking water. Urbanization has had detrimental effect on Arnavutköy, one of Istanbul’s northern municipalities with an extensive forest and an important catchment area for the city’s water supplies. The Arnavutköy municipality is a collection of small villages and towns with low quality housing featuring poor insulation leading to a higher carbon footprint.
ARCHITECTURAL CONCEPTS The final architectural design is a split-level concept commercial building that blends naturally into the surrounding sloped terrain and roof structure mimics the vernacular architecture of Arnavutköy. The west and north sides of the first floor built into the natural slope of the site with retaining walls to reduce unnecessary site disturbance and unnecessary glazing. Another primary function served by the sloped design is to hide the outdoor mechanical equipment between the structure and retaining wall sealed off with fencing. A loading dock was added between the restaurant and the retail floor for ease of unloading shipments of supplies. A green roof was proposed on the restaurants roof to reduce glare on the east window for the main building.
ENERGY EFFICIENT SYSTEMS Cogenerated Heat and Power is based on a gas boiler and covers the total of the heat loads of
the premises along with the peak electric loads. The absorption chiller would be served by the steam from the CHP plant, thus saving electricity. The desiccant wheel is served by the heat produced in CHP. The buildings CHP system will create a micro grid within Arnavutköy that is capable of CHP providing the local community with a backup source of power during utility outages. By utilizing innovative HVAC and power systems, the overall
HVAC & NON-HVAC HEATING LOADS GAS BOILER
DESICCANT WHEEL ABSORPTION CHILLER
HRSG
MICROTURBINE 200 kW
building energy usage was reduced by 19%.
HVAC & NON-HVAC ELECTRIC LOADS
INVERTER & CONTROLLER
ELECTRIC GRID
ELECTRIC CHILLER
DOAS
PV ARRAY
19%
① Loading Dock ② Mechanical Equipment Yard ③ Green Roof ④ Outdoor Air Intake ⑤ Underground Rain Cistern ⑥ Auxiliary Parking ⑦ Solar Roof Tiles
ON-SITE
OFF-SITE
Baseline and Final Design Cost Analysis $10,000,000.00 $9,000,000.00 $8,000,000.00 UTILITY
$7,000,000.00 RESIDENTIAL
$6,000,000.00
CULATIO N C IR IO LAT RC U CI
RESIDENTIAL
RESIDENTIAL
$5,000,000.00 OFFICE
RESIDENTIAL GREEN ROOF
OFFICE
N
$4,000,000.00 $3,000,000.00
RETAIL
RETAIL
R CI
UTILITY
C
UL
RESTAURANT
RETAIL
ATION
$2,000,000.00 $1,000,000.00 $0.00
Envelope
HVAC
CHP
Total
Baseline Design - 50-year LCCA
Final Design Final Design - 50-year LCCA
Baseline Design - Initial Cost
Final Design Final Design - Initial Cost
Each floor plan layout was carefully considered during the design process. We reorganized the spaces to minimize envelope load and improve daylighting to reduce the overall energy usage of the building.
ANNUAL WATER CONSUMPTION BY FLOOR Baseline Case
Design Case
Annual Consumption (gallons/year)
250000
200000
150000
58% 100000
50000
0
In order to improve thermal comfort in the office spaces, personalized ventilation was evaluated. Not only did personalized ventilation improve the temperature distribution of the air, but it also resulted in a 28% decrease in energy demand on the coil load.
1st Floor Restaurant
1st Floor Retail
2nd Floor Office
3rd Floor Residential
4th Floor Residential
Water use efficiency was especially important for this project because of Turkey’s lack of freshwater resources. In order to meet these requirements, low flow fixtures were selected for all restrooms and kitchens and a reclaimed water system was installed to collect and filter rainwater. If freshwater is not available from the city, the storage tanks would be able to supply the building with potable water for over 10 days.