The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2014 by World Bank Publications

2014

THE LITTLE DATA BOOK ON PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT

© 2014 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved 1 2 3 4 17 16 15 14 This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. Rights and Permissions

This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2014. 2014. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-01792. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO Translations—If you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation. Adaptations—If you create an adaptation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This is an adaptation of an original work by The World Bank. Responsibility for the views and opinions expressed in the adaptation rests solely with the author or authors of the adaptation and are not endorsed by The World Bank. Third-party content—The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content contained within the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of any third-party-owned individual component or part contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of those third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. If you wish to re-use a component of the work, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that re-use and to obtain permission from the copyright owner. Examples of components can include, but are not limited to, tables, figures, or images. All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to the Publishing and Knowledge Division, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org. ISBN (paper): 978-1-4648-0179-2 ISBN (electronic): 978-1-4648-0180-8 DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0179-2 Design by Communications Development Incorporated, Washington, D.C.

Contents Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v Data notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi

Regional tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 East Asia and Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Europe and Central Asia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Latin America and the Caribbean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Middle East and North Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 South Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Sub-Saharan Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Income group tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Low income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Middle income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Lower middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Upper middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Low and middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 High income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Euro area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Country tables (in alphabetical order) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

iii

Acknowledgments The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2014 is based on World Development Indicators 2014 and its accompanying online tables, with a focus on the private sector in development. The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development 2014 is the result of close collaboration between the staff of the World Bank’s Development Data Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency and the Investment Climate Department of the Financial and Private Sector Development Vice Presidency. The Development Data Group team included Liu Cui, Federico Escaler, Buyant Erdene Khaltarkhuu, William Prince, and Jomo Tariku. The Investment Climate Department’s team included Jenny Datoo, Nathalie David, and Patricia Ellen Steele. The work was carried out under the management of Haishan Fu, director of the Development Data Group, and Pierre Guislain, director of the Investment Climate Department. Azita Amjadi and Leila Rafei coordinated all stages of production. Nora Ridolfi, Paola Scalabrin, and Janice Tuten from World Bank’s Publishing and Knowledge Division oversaw publication and dissemination of the book.

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Preface Reliable cross-country data on aspects of private sector development are crucial in planning for economic recovery and growth. In targeting increased exports and investment, many governments prioritize an improved climate for business as a basis to attract capital, create jobs, and provide basic services. The availability of cross-country data on the business environment has rapidly expanded in recent years, including data from the World Bank Groupâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Doing Business project, Enterprise Surveys, and the Entrepreneurship Snapshots. The data sources presented in this book report on the scope and types of regulations that enhanceâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;and constrainâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;business activity, and they provide information on how business owners assess their business environments. The data have led to new research, enabled benchmarking, and informed the reform process in many developing countries. Please visit the Business Environment Snapshots (http://rru.worldbank.org/besnapshots/) for more information. Included in this guide are indicators on the economic and social context, the investment climate, private sector investment, finance and banking, and infrastructure. Though a pocket guide cannot include all relevant variables, the included indicators provide users with a general understanding of the private sector in each country. Indicators displayed in the tables are defined in the glossary, which also lists data sources. We welcome your suggestions on how to improve future editions and make them more useful.

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

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Data notes The data in this book are for 2005 and 2012 or the most recent year unless otherwise noted in the table or the glossary. â&#x20AC;˘ Growth rates are proportional changes from the previous year unless otherwise noted. â&#x20AC;˘ Regional aggregates include data for low- and middle-income economies only. â&#x20AC;˘ Figures in italics indicate data for years or periods other than those specified.

Symbols used: ..

indicates that data are not available or that aggregates cannot be calculated because of missing data.

0 or 0.0

indicates zero or small enough that the number would round to zero at the displayed number of decimal places.

indicates current U.S. dollars.

Lettered notes on some country tables can be found in the notes on page 232. Data are shown for economies with populations greater than 30,000 or for smaller economies if they are members of the World Bank. The term country (used interchangeably with economy) does not imply political independence or official recognition by the World Bank but refers to any economy for which the authorities report separate social or economic statistics. The cutoff date for data is March 1, 2014.

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The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Regional tables The country composition of regions is based on the World Bank’s analytical regions and may differ from common geographic usage. East Asia and Pacific American Samoa, Cambodia, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Kiribati, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Palau, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Vietnam Europe and Central Asia Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyz Republic, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan Latin America and the Caribbean Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico,

Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay,

Peru, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, República Bolivariana de Venezuela Middle East and North Africa Algeria, Djibouti, Arab Republic of Egypt, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, West Bank and Gaza, Republic of Yemen South Asia Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka Sub-Saharan Africa Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

World 2005 2012 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) Bank capital to asset ratio (%) Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) Real interest rate (%) Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) Paved roads (% of total roads) Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

6,491.0 7,043.9 3,011.8 3,280.4 6.1 5.9 7,208 10,181 2.9 2.1 3.4 3.1 28.4 26.7 17.3 15.2 68.2 70.2

27.7 27.5

30.3 30.3

50 10 330 28 2.9 ..

25 7 268 22 2.7 16.1 3.8

.. 2.9 22.5 ..

.. 2.1 21.2 ..

.. 81.4 9.2 3.3 131.2

.. 88.0 10.1 3.7 127.8

6.6

6.0

24,229 30,304 40.8 57.0 2,663 3,044 33.9 15.8

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

89.3 35.5

East Asia & Pacific 2005 2012 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms)

Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) Bank capital to asset ratio (%) Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) Real interest rate (%) Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) Paved roads (% of total roads) Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

1,892.7 1,991.6 1,051.2 1,115.6 4.7 4.5 1,614 4,884 8.4 9.1 12.2 10.9 46.3 44.5 31.3 30.8 41.5 44.6 43.1 33.5 38.0 31.0 57 40 9 8 309 224 27 23 3.2 3.1 .. 17.4 1.3 92,997 12,817 4.2 3.0 36.2 42.3 13.4 24.6 .. .. 50.1 52.2 .. .. .. .. 99.6 121.8 5.5 5.8 2,220 4,435 21.0 47.6 1,471 2,582 28.1 88.9 8.3 36.2

2014

Europe & Central Asia 2005 2012 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms)

2014

260.0 109.5 10.2 3,491 5.8 10.3 31.0 19.4 58.8 35.4 39.8 40 10 477 39 3.0 .. 27,260 4.9 22.4 18.8 .. 33.4 13.7 3.1 27.3 8.2 412 83.6 2,602 49.6 12.0

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

270.8 119.4 9.7 6,664 3.1 8.9 30.9 16.7 60.2 36.1 40.4 12 5 270 29 2.4 9.7 2.2 4,990 3.5 21.8 17.0 .. 42.3 14.3 11.8 49.8 5.8 869 78.3 2,951 108.5 43.3

Latin America & Caribbean 2005 2012 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) Bank capital to asset ratio (%) Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) Real interest rate (%) Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) Paved roads (% of total roads) Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

535.5 581.4 245.0 279.9 8.0 6.6 4,368 9,070 2.5 3.6 5.6 5.4 33.8 31.5 17.6 15.6 60.6 63.0 23.7 24.1 22.1 25.6 85 41 11 9 462 414 23 18 3.4 3.0 .. 20.4 2.4 135,191 79,840 2.7 2.8 18.9 21.0 15.3 16.7 .. .. 30.0 41.6 11.1 10.5 4.9 2.3 23.1 46.7 8.0 8.0 1,480 2,291 28.1 26.0 1,665 1,985 42.1 108.1 16.0 42.7 2014

Middle East & North Africa 2005 2012 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms)

2014

300.8 95.3 12.6 1,996 4.5 10.7 43.3 12.9 46.0 38.7 33.7 36 10 281 30 3.2 .. 13,435 2.8 22.9 15.3 .. 50.1 .. .. 30.4 5.0 361 70.2 1,328 22.4 8.5

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

339.6 109.6 12.1 3,450 4.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. 21 8 302 24 3.2 15.9 0.5 2,876 1.5 .. .. .. 41.4 8.0 6.4 23.6 5.0 484 76.7 1,696 95.1 30.7

South Asia 2005 2012 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms)

1,499.0 1,649.2 609.8 655.3 4.7 3.8 700 1,437 6.3 7.1 19.2 18.3 27.9 25.9 15.8 14.3 52.9 55.8 19.1 22.5 22.7 30.0 38 16 8 7 305 328 36 33 3.2 3.0 .. 16.8 0.3 44,944 35,139 1.0 1.2 28.3 28.1 21.5 20.9 61.2 50.6 50.7 59.9 6.6 8.1 7.3 4.3 37.7 46.7 6.2 5.5 420 840 56.1 45.1 424 605 7.8 68.9 2.5 11.6

2014

Sub-Saharan Africa 2005 2012 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms)

2014

756.7 291.9 7.6 763 4.6 17.4 32.3 12.4 50.2 32.0 32.2 60 11 340 39 3.2 .. 24,617 3.2 16.3 13.1 .. 33.6 .. .. 64.5 11.7 380 18.0 544 12.0 2.1

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

911.5 357.8 7.6 1,350 4.7 16.2 31.1 9.0 52.7 34.8 35.0 27 8 311 31 3.1 18.8 2.1 7,726 2.9 19.6 14.3 .. 40.1 .. .. 62.0 8.6 627 15.6 535 59.3 14.8

Income group tables For operational and analytical purposes the World Bankâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s main criterion for classifying economies is gross national income (GNI) per capita. Every economy in The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development is classified as low income, middle income, or high income. Low- and middle-income economies are sometimes referred to as developing economies. The use of the term is convenient; it is not intended to imply that all economies in the group are experiencing similar development or that other economies have reached a preferred or final stage of development. Classification by income does not necessarily reflect development status. Low-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $1,035 or less in 2012. Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than $1,035 but less than $12,616. Lower-middle-income and upper-middle income economies are separated at a GNI per capita of $4,085. High-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $12,616 or more. Euro area includes the member states of the Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union that have adopted the euro as their currency: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, and Spain.

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2013

Low income 2005 2012 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms)

2014

726.6 319.9 4.9 330 4.8 29.4 22.6 12.0 48.0 22.6 34.5 60 11 289 45 3.7 .. 4,646 2.1 21.3 15.0 .. 27.3 .. .. 20.1 11.7 162 18.0 211 4.6 0.9

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

846.5 383.3 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3 24.8 41.7 29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4 2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2 .. 37.9 .. .. 30.7 11.2 374 20.6 233 47.2 6.2

Middle income 2005 2012 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) Bank capital to asset ratio (%) Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) Real interest rate (%) Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) Paved roads (% of total roads) Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

4,518.1 4,897.6 2,082.8 2,254.3 6.1 5.6 1,835 4,370 5.5 6.1 10.9 10.1 38.2 36.2 22.2 21.7 51.0 53.6 33.2 29.8 31.2 30.6 57 28 10 7 397 326 29 22 3.1 2.8 .. 16.5 2.3 365,477 165,973 3.3 2.7 26.9 30.2 15.7 20.4 .. .. 41.7 48.5 9.8 10.6 4.1 3.6 55.9 81.6 7.3 6.4 5,110 9,173 39.0 53.5 1,236 1,816 24.9 87.7 7.7 29.9 2014

Lower middle income 2005 2012 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms)

2014

2,253.1 2,507.0 910.7 1,003.3 6.4 5.2 876 1,893 5.7 6.0 17.9 17.3 32.9 31.6 17.5 15.5 49.3 51.2 28.7 28.5 30.8 33.2 53 26 10 7 421 324 32 24 3.2 3.0 .. 15.4 1.1 93,145 30,475 2.5 2.2 24.7 26.0 19.7 19.7 .. .. 44.3 49.0 9.8 10.7 5.9 3.6 33.4 42.1 8.9 7.5 1,226 2,287 29.6 36.0 561 734 13.7 83.1 4.0 18.7

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Upper middle income 2005 2012 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) Bank capital to asset ratio (%) Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) Real interest rate (%) Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) Paved roads (% of total roads) Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2,265.0 2,390.6 1,172.1 1,251.0 5.9 5.8 2,788 6,969 5.4 6.2 8.7 7.8 39.8 37.7 23.7 23.5 51.5 54.4 34.6 30.3 31.3 29.7 60 30 10 7 374 327 26 20 2.9 2.6 .. 17.5 3.0 265,810 80,963 3.6 2.8 27.6 31.6 14.6 20.5 .. .. 41.0 48.4 9.7 10.4 5.4 3.6 62.7 92.4 6.5 5.9 3,884 6,886 49.0 67.0 1,901 2,932 36.1 92.4 11.3 41.6 2014

Low & middle income 2005 2012 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) Bank capital to asset ratio (%) Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) Real interest rate (%) Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) Paved roads (% of total roads) Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

5,244.7 5,744.1 2,402.7 2,637.6 6.0 5.5 1,626 3,815 5.5 6.1 11.3 10.6 37.8 35.9 22.0 21.4 50.9 53.5 32.9 29.7 31.2 30.8 58 28 10 7 371 310 33 26 3.2 3.0 .. 17.1 1.9 313,176 119,330 3.3 2.7 26.7 30.2 15.7 20.4 .. .. 41.4 48.3 .. 10.7 3.6 3.7 55.0 80.7 7.9 6.8 5,272 9,546 29.6 37.9 1,128 1,646 22.2 81.7 6.8 26.5

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

High income 2005 2012 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms)

1,246.4 1,299.8 609.1 642.8 6.8 7.8 30,693 38,412 2.3 1.0 1.6 1.4 26.3 24.5 16.2 15.0 72.1 74.0 26.6 30.4 26.7 30.2 27 17 8 6 222 166 13 12 2.3 2.0 .. 13.7 7.5 .. .. 2.7 1.8 21.6 19.3 .. .. 44.7 67.6 91.7 108.2 7.0 7.9 1.3 3.3 149.5 150.5 4.0 .. 18,957 20,757 80.3 83.7 8,873 8,896 83.4 122.9 53.8 75.4

2014

Euro area 2005 2012 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms)

2014

326.8 333.3 154.8 160.7 9.0 11.4 31,548 38,030 1.5 0.4 1.9 1.7 26.6 24.9 17.2 15.8 71.5 73.4 38.0 44.7 36.6 42.2 29 13 8 6 231 168 13 11 1.8 1.9 .. 13.6 6.7 .. .. 4.1 1.6 20.6 18.3 .. .. 59.5 81.1 85.3 108.9 6.5 5.8 2.5 6.4 109.3 128.5 3.7 .. 4,147 4,104 92.0 93.8 6,804 6,599 97.5 120.3 51.4 75.9

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Country tables Cabo Verde Cabo Verde is the new name for the country previously listed as Cape Verde. China Data for China do not include data for Hong Kong SAR, China; Macao SAR, China; or Taiwan, China. Cyprus GNI and GDP data and data calculated using GNI and GDP refer to the area controlled by the government of Republic of Cyprus. Georgia GNI, GDP, and population data and data calculated using GNI, GDP, and population exclude Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Kosovo, Montenegro, and Serbia Montenegro declared independence from Serbia and Montenegro on June 3, 2006. Where available, data for each country are shown separately. However, some indicators for Serbia prior to 2006 include data for Montenegro. Moreover, data for most indicators for Serbia from 1999 onward exclude data for Kosovo, which in 1999 became a territory under international administration pursuant to UN Security Council Resolution 1244 (1999). Kosovo became a member of the World Bank on June 29, 2009, and its data are shown where available. Moldova GNI, GDP, and population data and data calculated using GNI, GDP, and population exclude Transnistria. Morocco GNI and GDP data and data calculated using GNI and GDP include Former Spanish Sahara. South Sudan and Sudan South Sudan declared its independence on July 9, 2011. Data are shown separately for South Sudan where available. However, data reported for Sudan include South Sudan unless otherwise noted. Tanzania GNI and GDP data and data calculated using GNI and GDP refer to mainland Tanzania only. For more information, see World Development Indicators 2014 or data.worldbank.org.

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

Afghanistan South Asia

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

Country data 2005 Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) Bank capital to asset ratio (%) Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) Real interest rate (%) Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) Paved roads (% of total roads) Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

24.9 6.0 8.5 250 6.2 31.8 27.4 16.9 40.9 12.7 49.6 27.4 77.5 .. 9 4 275 67 2.0 .. 2.5 0.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. 468 4.3 21.6 .. .. 9.0 .. .. 4.8 10.1 .. .. 18.0 .. .. 4.8 1.2

29.8 7.5 8.6 680 10.5 24.6 21.8 12.8 53.5 7.2 51.8 5.5 39.2 164 5 3 275 81 2.0 0.0 2.3 0.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. 101 0.5 16.8 .. .. 17.6 7.6 5.0 4.1 6.2 .. 18 36.4 .. .. 60.4 5.5

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7 29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2 .. 37.9 .. .. 30.7 11.2 374 20.6 233 47.2 6.2

Albania Europe & Central Asia

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

Economic and social context Population (millions) Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %) Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) Bank capital to asset ratio (%) Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) Real interest rate (%) Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) Paved roads (% of total roads) Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) Individuals using the Internet (%)

3.2 1.4 12.5 2,540 5.3 22.8 21.5 0.0 55.7 2.4 99.9 22.3 46.3 .. 41 11 364 21 2.0 .. 1.2 0.6 9.9 82.0 52.6 37.0 25.6 19.8 893 3.1 23.6 19.0 .. 50.8 6.6 2.3 14.9 9.3 8.0 4 39.0 1,623 33.9 47.9 6.0

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

3.2 1.4 14.7 4,030 4.4 18.3 15.6 15.6 66.1 2.0 108.2 31.3 49.1 90 5 5 357 19 2.0 9.4 1.9 0.9 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

59 80,963 10.0 2.8 24.7 31.6 20.3 20.5 .. 68.0 8.6 22.5 38.0 7.7 5.5

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

12 .. 2,022 .. 110.7 54.7

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

Algeria Middle East & North Africa

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

34.0 10.4 15.3 2,660 5.6 8.0 59.7 .. 32.3 1.4 73.3 47.2 24.1 .. 25 14 451 15 2.5 .. 10.4 0.5 25.1 15.0 66.8 8.9 49.1 5.0 4,912 1.1 22.4 .. .. 37.8 .. .. 12.0 –7.0 6.1 46 70.2 869 3.3 40.2 5.8

38.5 12.2 9.8 5,020 2.6 9.3 48.5 .. 42.2 8.9 77.0 37.2 27.7 153 25 14 451 17 2.5 6.6 13.9 0.5 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

87 80,963 0.8 2.8 31.4 31.6 .. 20.5 .. 42.2 7.9 11.5 14.5 2.2 6.3

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

54 77.1 1,091 .. 97.9 15.2

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

American Samoa East Asia & Pacific

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

0.06 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.8 .. 2014

0.06 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

.. 80,963 .. 2.8 .. 31.6 .. 20.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

5 .. .. .. .. ..

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

Andorra High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.08 .. .. 31,310 7.1 .. .. .. .. .. 0.8 .. .. Business environment .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. Time to start a business (days) .. Procedures to start a business (number) .. Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) .. Time to export (days) .. Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) .. Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) .. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. Government debt (% of GDP) .. Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) .. Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. Real interest rate (%) .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. Paved roads (% of total roads) .. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 79.5 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 37.6 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

0.08 1,300 .. 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. .. .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. 81.5 122.9 86.4 75.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Angola Sub-Saharan Africa

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

16.5 6.1 7.3 1,270 10.1 8.5 67.1 4.1 24.4 23.0 87.2 86.0 53.6 .. 119 12 272 64 .. .. .. .. 7.1 14.8 77.7 2.1 60.2 5.0 324 –4.6 8.8 3.3 .. 13.4 9.0 10.4 5.6 32.3 54.3 5 .. 128 6.5 9.7 1.1

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

20.8 7.6 7.5 4,580 9.4 10.0 59.7 6.3 30.3 10.3 95.5 60.1 42.2 179 66 8 282 40 .. 25.2 .. .. 12.2 34.2 41.3 13.1 7.7 21.6

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

151 80,963 –6.0 2.8 11.7 31.6 2.7 20.5 .. 32.6 .. .. 23.5 11.8 13.1

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

13 .. 248 4.7 47.1 16.9

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

Antigua and Barbuda High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.08 0.09 1,300 .. .. 643 .. .. 7.8 12,000 12,480 38,412 3.9 –1.7 1.0 2.1 2.3 1.4 17.3 19.6 24.5 2.1 2.8 15.0 80.7 78.1 74.0 2.1 3.4 2.7 2.7 54.4 48.7 30.4 68.1 54.2 30.2 Business environment .. 71 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 31 21 17 Time to start a business (days) 8 8 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 184 207 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 13 16 12 Time to export (days) 3.0 3.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 26.2 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. 4.5 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. 6.1 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 78.1 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. 49.4 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. 6.7 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. 3.7 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 22.1 6.2 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 29.3 31.8 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 91.6 98.6 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 61.6 74.5 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 6.8 9.4 Real interest rate (%) 7.5 7.0 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 27 34 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 33.0 .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 2.8 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 104.2 143.0 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 27.0 59.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Argentina Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

38.6 17.7 10.6 4,480 2.2 9.5 35.8 23.3 54.7 9.6 2.9 25.1 19.2 Business environment .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 30 Time to start a business (days) 13 Procedures to start a business (number) 453 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 16 Time to export (days) 2.8 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 14.2 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.6 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 14.1 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 4.3 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) 56.1 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 6.9 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 46.2 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 26.9 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 10,659 2.9 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 21.5 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. Government debt (% of GDP) 23.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 12.1 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 7.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 11.7 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –2.5 Real interest rate (%) 2.4 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 81 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 30.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 2,424 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 0.5 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 57.3 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 17.7 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

41.1 18.9 7.2 .. 6.3 9.1 30.5 19.7 60.4 10.0 4.6 19.7 17.4 126 25 14 405 12 2.8 3.0 12.4 0.5 20.8 8.7 68.2 30.3 54.2 18.2

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

2,681 80,963 2.6 2.8 21.8 31.6 .. 20.5 .. 23.3 11.5 1.7 18.5 –1.1 2.0

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

103 32.2 2,967 1.9 151.9 55.8

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

Armenia Europe & Central Asia

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

3.0 1.4 27.8 1,500 12.3 20.9 45.3 14.8 33.8 0.6 457.7 28.8 43.2 .. 18 9 580 37 1.9 .. 2.3 1.1 3.1 70.5 .. 44.6 2.5 6.3 454 4.9 29.8 .. .. 9.8 21.5 2.0 8.0 14.3 12.2 6 .. 1,505 .. 10.5 5.3

3.0 1.5 18.5 3,720 2.8 21.6 33.2 11.2 45.2 2.6 401.8 25.1 49.3 37 4 2 380 16 1.9 15.0 3.2 1.5 10.3 13.3 44.6 31.9 16.3 26.9

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

47 30,475 4.9 2.2 23.7 26.0 20.3 19.7 .. 24.0 15.9 3.7 42.8 18.8 7.7

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

6 .. 1,755 0.9 111.9 39.2

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Aruba High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.10 .. .. .. 2.0 0.4 20.6 4.0 78.9 3.4 1.8 68.5 77.9 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. –8.9 35.0 .. .. 54.3 .. .. 54.7 7.0 7.6 .. .. .. .. 103.4 25.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

0.10 1,300 .. 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 –3.9 1.0 0.5 1.4 16.3 24.5 4.7 15.0 83.2 74.0 0.6 1.8 70.8 30.4 86.4 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 18.1 27.7 ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. 64.3 .. .. 57.4 16.8 7.6

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. 131.9 122.9 74.0 75.4

Australia High income Highincome group 2012 2012

20.4 22.7 1,300 10.6 12.0 643 5.0 5.2 7.8 30,280 59,260 38,412 3.4 2.8 1.0 3.2 2.4 1.4 26.8 28.1 24.5 11.3 7.5 15.0 70.1 69.4 74.0 2.7 1.8 1.3 1.0 18.1 21.3 30.4 20.6 21.0 30.2 Business environment .. 11 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 3 3 17 Time to start a business (days) 3 3 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 107 105 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 9 9 12 Time to export (days) 1.0 1.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 26.2 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 122.0 185.0 New businesses registered (thousands) 8.9 12.2 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) –3.5 3.7 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 26.8 27.6 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 22.6 40.9 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 75.5 87.5 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 6.9 5.7 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 0.6 1.7 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 109.0 123.3 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 5.1 4.7 Real interest rate (%) 5.2 3.1 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 611 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 343 41.6 43.3 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 10,458 10,712 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 89.8 105.6 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 63.0 82.3 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Austria High income Highincome group 2012 2012

8.2 8.4 1,300 4.1 4.4 643 5.2 4.3 7.8 37,210 47,850 38,412 1.7 1.1 1.0 1.5 1.6 1.4 30.2 28.6 24.5 19.2 18.2 15.0 68.3 69.8 74.0 2.3 2.5 0.8 0.8 53.8 57.2 30.4 49.9 54.0 30.2 Business environment .. 30 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 25 25 17 Time to start a business (days) 8 8 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 170 166 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 10 9 12 Time to export (days) 1.1 1.1 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 15.3 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 3.6 2.8 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.6 0.5 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 26.7 1.0 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 21.9 21.4 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 67.5 81.1 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 89.1 94.9 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 5.2 7.8 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 2.7 2.8 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 115.6 118.4 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. .. Real interest rate (%) .. .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 174 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 142 100.0 100.0 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 7,978 8,374 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 105.2 160.5 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 58.0 81.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

Azerbaijan Europe & Central Asia

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

8.4 4.0 6.4 1,270 12.7 9.9 63.6 7.0 26.5 9.7 0.9 62.9 52.9 .. 113 13 756 34 2.7 .. .. .. 5.2 68.4 .. 0.4 2.0 10.3 731 33.8 41.3 37.5 .. 10.0 .. 21.5 9.5 0.8 8.5 12 52.5 2,388 .. 26.2 8.0

9.3 4.7 5.4 6,220 10.8 5.5 63.1 4.4 31.5 1.1 0.8 53.7 25.6 70 7 3 214 28 2.3 12.9 4.7 0.7 0.3 11.7 18.5 27.6 4.3 12.8

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

.. 80,963 7.9 2.8 21.9 31.6 .. 20.5 6.4 13.8 .. .. 20.1 16.7 8.1

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

17 55.6 1,705 0.5 108.8 54.2

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Bahamas, The High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.33 0.37 1,300 0.18 0.22 643 10.2 13.6 7.8 23,680 20,600 38,412 1.3 –0.3 1.0 2.2 2.1 1.4 15.4 17.9 24.5 4.5 4.5 15.0 82.4 80.0 74.0 1.6 2.0 1.0 1.0 45.2 44.8 30.4 48.0 62.9 30.2 Business environment .. 84 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 31 24 17 Time to start a business (days) 7 7 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 58 58 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 16 19 12 Time to export (days) 3.0 3.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 0.0 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. 3.9 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. 10.9 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 67.5 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. 14.6 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. 14.8 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. 31.1 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 7.3 4.4 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 24.2 31.9 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 30.0 47.9 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 58.3 73.8 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 64.3 81.4 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 0.5 3.1 Real interest rate (%) 2.3 2.7 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 33 31 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 2.2 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 69.2 80.7 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 25.0 71.7 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

Bahrain High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.88 1.3 1,300 0.42 0.74 643 8.8 7.4 7.8 16,730 19,560 38,412 6.1 4.8 1.0 .. .. 1.4 .. .. 24.5 .. .. 15.0 .. .. 74.0 2.6 2.8 0.4 0.4 83.9 75.3 30.4 64.4 48.5 30.2 Business environment .. 46 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 9 9 17 Time to start a business (days) 7 7 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 36 36 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 14 11 12 Time to export (days) 2.5 2.5 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 0.0 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 6.6 2.9 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 25.7 19.5 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 8.9 35.6 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 64.6 69.9 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 51.8 70.0 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –5.2 4.9 Real interest rate (%) 4.7 5.0 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 32 62 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 80.3 83.7 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 9,614 10,018 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 87.2 161.2 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 21.3 88.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Bangladesh South Asia

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

143.1 66.5 4.3 470 5.4 20.1 27.2 16.5 52.6 7.0 61.5 16.6 23.0 .. 50 8 400 35 4.0 .. 5.2 0.1 3.2 54.4 46.6 24.7 50.3 7.8 1,796 1.3 24.5 18.3 36.2 39.8 4.7 13.2 33.8 8.5 5.9 7 9.5 171 100.7 6.3 0.2

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

154.7 76.0 4.5 840 6.2 17.7 28.5 17.6 53.9 6.2 78.9 23.2 32.1 130 11 7 302 25 4.0 25.7 9.2 0.1 3.3 41.0 39.4 19.8 84.7 14.3

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

1,847 1.0 26.5 20.0

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 56.5 .. .. 49.4 4.2 1.3

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

21 .. 259 64.5 62.8 6.3

374 20.6 233

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

Barbados High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.27 0.28 1,300 0.15 0.16 643 9.1 11.6 7.8 13,640 15,080 38,412 1.2 0.1 1.0 1.8 1.5 1.4 17.1 15.7 24.5 8.0 6.9 15.0 81.0 82.9 74.0 6.1 4.5 2.0 2.0 44.0 42.5 30.4 51.8 54.3 30.2 Business environment .. 91 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. 18 17 Time to start a business (days) .. 8 6 Procedures to start a business (number) .. 237 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) .. 9 12 Time to export (days) .. 1.8 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 25.5 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. 4.3 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. 1.6 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 49.4 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. 45.5 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. 24.7 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. 18.3 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 6.1 8.4 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 18.6 .. 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 69.2 96.8 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 102.7 113.8 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 71.4 80.6 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 2.4 12.4 Real interest rate (%) 6.0 6.1 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. .. 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 100.0 .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 1.1 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 75.4 122.5 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 52.5 73.3 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Belarus Europe & Central Asia

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

9.7 9.5 2,391 4.6 4.5 1,251 10.3 9.7 5.8 2,810 6,530 6,969 7.6 6.1 6.2 9.8 9.7 7.8 41.8 44.4 37.7 33.1 25.0 23.5 48.5 45.9 54.4 10.3 59.2 2,153.8 8,335.9 59.8 81.6 30.3 59.1 77.1 29.7 Business environment .. 63 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 79 9 30 Time to start a business (days) 16 5 7 Procedures to start a business (number) 987 319 327 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 22 15 20 Time to export (days) 5.8 3.0 2.6 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 13.4 17.5 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 1.7 7.7 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.2 1.1 3.0 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 5.1 13.7 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 26.4 3.4 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 42.9 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 18.9 27.3 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 15.3 21.6 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 11.0 13.4 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 735 143 80,963 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 1.0 2.3 2.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 26.5 32.8 31.6 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 22.6 30.6 20.5 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 6.6 25.4 .. Government debt (% of GDP) 16.0 27.1 48.4 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 19.8 14.4 10.4 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 3.1 5.5 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 15.9 22.6 92.4 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –6.4 –31.7 Real interest rate (%) 2.1 –2.8 5.9 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 5 15 6,886 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 87.0 86.5 67.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 3,246 3,628 2,932 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 0.1 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 42.4 113.5 92.4 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 16.2 46.9 41.6 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

Belgium High income Highincome group 2012 2012

10.5 11.1 1,300 4.6 4.9 643 8.4 7.5 7.8 36,610 44,720 38,412 1.6 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.7 1.4 24.4 21.8 24.5 16.6 12.8 15.0 74.9 77.4 74.0 2.8 2.8 0.8 0.8 78.7 86.1 30.4 74.7 85.0 30.2 Business environment .. 36 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 34 4 17 Time to start a business (days) 4 3 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 156 160 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 9 9 12 Time to export (days) 0.9 0.9 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 6.4 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 16.3 18.1 New businesses registered (thousands) 2.4 2.5 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 8.9 –0.4 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 20.7 20.4 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 89.2 92.4 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 99.7 110.6 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 3.3 5.8 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 1.3 3.8 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 73.8 92.3 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 4.2 8.2 Real interest rate (%) 5.2 .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 104 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 152 78.2 78.2 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 8,510 8,021 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 91.4 111.3 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 55.8 82.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Belize Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

0.27 0.11 11.0 4,770 5.7 15.4 17.3 8.9 67.3 3.6 2.0 54.7 62.7 .. 45 9 147 20 1.0 .. 0.7 4.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. 162 11.4 16.1 .. .. 52.7 .. .. 53.1 11.7 6.5 .. .. .. .. 35.3 9.2

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

0.32 0.14 7.9 4,490 2.8 13.1 22.9 15.8 64.0 1.3 2.0 61.1 62.8 106 44 9 147 17 1.0 24.7 0.9 4.3 4.0 6.7 58.5 36.7 6.1 0.7

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

.. 80,963 6.4 2.8 13.6 31.6 .. 20.5 74.2 71.2 .. .. 56.4 11.9 8.0

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

59 .. .. 2.5 53.2 25.0

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

Benin Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

2014

8.2 3.3 1.3 530 4.0 32.3 13.3 7.8 54.4 5.4 527.5 21.6 28.5 .. 31 7 270 34 4.0 .. .. .. 6.5 21.2 .. 24.3 71.7 2.7 707 –0.2 19.4 11.4 .. 17.9 .. .. 16.3 .. .. .. 9.5 73 .. 7.3 1.3

10.1 4.2 1.0 750 3.8 32.4 13.2 7.7 54.3 6.8 510.5 15.0 27.0 174 15 4 270 26 4.0 14.8 .. .. 24.5 22.5 79.3 3.8 86.6 8.9

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

25 2.1 17.6 7.0

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 27.5 .. .. 24.0 .. ..

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

.. .. .. 4.9 83.7 3.8

374 20.6 233

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

11.2

47.2 6.2

Bermuda High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.06 0.06 1,300 .. .. 643 .. .. 7.8 117,640 104,590 38,412 2.3 –1.2 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.4 10.4 6.0 24.5 1.7 1.0 15.0 88.7 93.2 74.0 .. .. 1.0 1.0 .. .. 30.4 .. .. 30.2 Business environment .. .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. .. 17 Time to start a business (days) .. .. 6 Procedures to start a business (number) .. .. 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) .. .. 12 Time to export (days) .. .. 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. .. 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 0.9 2.4 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) .. .. 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) .. .. 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) .. .. 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. .. Real interest rate (%) .. .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. .. 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 82.2 139.5 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 65.4 91.3 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

Bhutan South Asia

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

0.65 0.31 3.1 1,230 7.9 23.2 37.3 7.4 39.5 5.3 44.1 38.2 62.9 .. 62 10 274 38 .. .. 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.8 49.9 39.8 79.5 44.8 .. .. 18.2 7.7 9.5 2 56.1 .. .. 5.5 3.8

0.74 0.38 2.1 2,420 9.3 15.9 43.9 9.3 40.2 10.9 53.4 34.6 52.7 141 32 8 274 38 .. 36.3 0.1 0.2 15.9 2.5 19.9 64.2 14.8 5.4

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

.. 30,475 0.5 2.2 56.1 26.0 46.7 19.7 56.8 55.7 17.0 5.4 47.5 12.3 8.5

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

3 34.2 .. 0.8 75.6 25.4

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Bolivia Latin America & Caribbean

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

9.4 4.1 5.4 1,000 3.1 14.4 32.0 14.2 53.6 5.4 8.1 35.5 32.1 .. 50 15 1,080 24 1.8 .. 1.6 0.3 13.5 19.6 90.1 22.2 15.2 13.8 1,422 –2.5 13.0 6.1 .. 37.4 11.3 11.3 45.0 10.1 11.7 26 6.9 467 0.4 25.9 5.2

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

10.5 4.9 3.2 2,220 4.7 13.0 38.7 13.5 48.3 4.6 6.9 47.3 37.9 162 49 15 1,025 21 1.8 0.0 3.5 0.6 28.5 3.4 80.5 27.8 21.2 22.4

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

.. 30,475 3.9 2.2 18.2 26.0 7.8 19.7 .. 48.0 8.6 1.5 44.2 3.9 9.5

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

36 11.6 623 1.2 90.4 34.2

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe & Central Asia

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

3.9 1.4 25.7 2,940 5.0 10.5 25.1 11.3 64.4 6.1 1.6 32.1 71.7 .. 63 12 368 23 3.3 .. .. .. 4.1 67.6 .. 38.1 6.8 16.4 .. 5.7 21.6 14.4 .. 36.2 9.7 5.3 43.1 5.5 6.0 5 .. 2,319 .. 41.1 21.3

3.8 1.5 28.2 4,750 2.1 8.4 24.8 11.8 66.8 2.0 1.5 31.2 55.1 131 37 11 407 16 3.3 7.0 1.8 0.7 11.2 1.5 46.5 59.7 50.2 30.1

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

662 80,963 2.0 2.8 22.1 31.6 14.9 20.5 .. 48.7 14.2 13.5 63.2 6.3 3.9

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

1 92.1 3,189 0.8 87.6 65.4

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Botswana Sub-Saharan Africa

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

1.9 0.91 22.0 4,730 3.9 2.0 47.6 5.5 50.3 8.6 5.1 52.9 35.6 .. 107 10 140 33 2.2 .. 6.6 5.7 5.0 4.5 49.7 11.3 25.5 12.7 104 2.8 25.3 17.9 .. 27.4 9.8 3.5 19.8 0.2 6.5 8 32.6 1,421 0.7 30.1 3.3

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

2.0 1.0 17.7 7,650 3.7 2.9 35.2 6.4 61.9 7.5 7.6 44.5 50.0 56 60 9 152 27 1.7 21.7 15.4 12.3 10.2 8.4 54.6 32.8 39.2 21.3

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

28 80,963 2.0 2.8 34.8 31.6 27.3 20.5 19.1 42.6 .. .. 31.8 9.4 7.4

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

8 .. 1,603 4.1 153.8 11.5

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

Brazil Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

186.1 198.7 2,391 94.6 104.7 1,251 9.3 6.9 5.8 3,960 11,630 6,969 2.8 3.8 6.2 5.7 5.2 7.8 29.3 26.3 37.7 18.1 13.3 23.5 65.0 68.5 54.4 6.9 5.4 2.4 2.0 15.1 12.6 30.3 11.5 14.0 29.7 .. 116 152 108 30 17 13 7 2,600 2,600 327 18 13 20 10.0 4.0 2.6 .. 24.9 17.5 246.7 53.9 2.0 2.2 3.0 7.2 18.7 .. 16.4 .. 55.0 27.8 48.4 .. 36.8 .. 25.7 72,401 67,544 80,963 1.8 3.4 2.8 15.9 18.1 31.6 14.3 15.7 20.5 .. .. .. 44.2 58.7 48.4 10.2 10.1 10.4 3.5 3.4 3.6 31.4 68.4 92.4 44.9 29.7 37.8 28.7 5.9 515 1,001 6,886 12.2 13.5 67.0 2,016 2,438 2,932 .. 1.3 46.3 125.0 92.4 21.0 49.8 41.6

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Brunei Darussalam High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.37 0.41 1,300 0.17 0.20 643 3.3 3.8 7.8 22,920 31,590 38,412 2.2 0.6 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.4 71.6 71.1 24.5 12.3 11.8 15.0 27.5 28.2 74.0 1.2 0.5 1.7 1.2 70.2 81.4 30.4 27.3 31.2 30.2 Business environment .. 59 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 116 101 17 Time to start a business (days) 18 15 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 144 96 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 27 19 12 Time to export (days) 2.5 2.5 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 7.6 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 1.8 5.0 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 11.4 13.4 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 53.9 61.5 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. 9.1 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. 5.4 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 40.3 31.5 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –11.2 4.7 Real interest rate (%) 4.5 5.3 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 12 10 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 78.4 82.3 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 8,401 8,507 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 63.3 113.9 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 36.5 60.3 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

Bulgaria Europe & Central Asia

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

7.7 3.4 10.1 3,640 5.5 8.5 29.2 16.3 62.3 5.0 1.6 40.5 55.6 .. 32 11 616 25 3.3 .. 29.3 5.7 3.0 42.6 60.3 37.7 22.1 12.1 5,770 14.2 25.7 21.1 .. 41.5 7.4 2.2 41.0 1.2 5.6 10 98.4 4,122 1.7 81.3 20.0

7.3 3.4 12.3 6,840 1.8 6.4 30.4 16.7 63.2 3.0 1.5 66.6 70.3 58 18 4 454 20 3.3 4.9 44.5 9.0 10.6 6.6 54.1 34.7 44.8 19.9

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

616 80,963 4.1 2.8 21.4 31.6 18.1 20.5 18.1 66.8 10.1 16.6 71.9 7.4 6.6

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

12 98.6 4,864 1.3 148.1 55.1

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Burkina Faso Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

13.4 6.0 2.7 410 6.4 39.0 18.0 11.7 43.0 6.4 527.5 9.7 25.8 .. 40 12 270 45 4.0 .. 0.6 0.1 9.5 19.5 88.1 23.1 19.6 7.3 42 1.0 19.7 10.5 .. 13.9 .. .. 16.5 .. .. 1 15.8 .. 7.5 4.7 0.5

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

16.5 7.5 3.3 670 5.5 35.3 26.2 5.9 38.5 3.8 510.5 27.5 34.3 154 13 3 270 41 4.0 15.2 1.3 0.1 22.2 6.7 75.0 25.6 23.1 14.4

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

62 0.4 17.6 9.7

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 26.0 .. .. 21.6 .. ..

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

4 20.6 .. 9.8 60.6 3.7

374 20.6 233

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

Burundi Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

7.8 9.8 3.5 4.5 8.0 7.7 130 240 2.2 4.3 44.5 40.6 18.5 16.9 12.9 9.1 37.1 42.5 13.5 18.0 1,081.6 1,442.5 8.2 9.0 33.4 37.5 Business environment .. 140 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 13 5 Time to start a business (days) 8 3 Procedures to start a business (number) 140 274 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 47 32 Time to export (days) 5.0 5.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 38.6 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 5.7 .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 22.6 .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) 60.3 .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 12.3 .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 24.1 .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 7.1 .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 54 .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 0.1 0.0 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 22.4 28.4 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 13.0 15.0 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. Government debt (% of GDP) 17.1 17.9 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 15.9 19.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –0.3 –1.0 Real interest rate (%) .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. .. Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 10.4 .. Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 10.7 .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 2.0 22.8 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 0.5 1.2 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2 .. 37.9 .. .. 30.7 11.2 374 20.6 233 47.2 6.2

Cabo Verde Sub-Saharan Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

0.48 0.20 7.9 2,330 5.9 8.0 17.1 5.8 74.9 0.4 88.7 33.7 59.3 .. 52 12 186 22 .. .. .. .. 12.2 10.4 60.4 26.3 7.8 12.2 .. 7.4 44.2 36.0 .. 67.0 .. .. 34.9 12.8 8.9 20 .. .. 11.3 17.1 6.1

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

0.49 0.23 7.6 3,830 5.9 7.8 17.8 5.4 74.4 2.5 85.8 31.8 53.5 121 10 7 186 19 .. 18.0 .. .. 3.9 1.1 44.5 35.3 30.5 15.9

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

5 30,475 4.1 2.2 46.7 26.0 33.7 19.7 .. 73.7 .. .. 61.7 6.3 6.1

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

11 .. .. 3.3 86.0 34.7

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

Cambodia East Asia & Pacific

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

13.4 14.9 6.9 8.4 1.7 1.5 460 880 9.1 6.2 32.4 35.6 26.4 24.3 18.8 16.0 41.2 40.1 6.3 2.9 4,092.5 4,033.0 64.1 54.1 72.7 59.5 Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. 137 Time to start a business (days) 86 104 Procedures to start a business (number) 10 11 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 137 173 Time to export (days) 43 22 Time to resolve insolvency (years) 6.0 6.0 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. 19.1 New businesses registered (thousands) 1.5 2.0 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) 0.2 0.2 Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 5.6 .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) 60.3 .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 11.3 .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 15.5 .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) 2.8 .. Private sector investment 343 7 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 6.0 11.1 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 18.9 16.0 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 13.5 8.4 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. Government debt (% of GDP) 14.3 43.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 9.0 38.8 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. .. Real interest rate (%) .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 3 5 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 6.3 .. Paved roads (% of total roads) 66 164 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 8.0 128.5 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 0.3 4.9 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2 .. 37.9 .. .. 30.7 11.2 374 20.6 233 47.2 6.2

Cameroon Sub-Saharan Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

18.1 7.0 4.4 900 3.8 19.5 30.4 17.7 50.1 2.0 527.5 24.5 26.4 .. 45 11 654 27 3.2 .. .. .. 12.8 65.4 84.6 19.5 78.9 16.4 486 1.5 15.4 14.4 .. 12.9 .. .. 9.9 14.6 12.8 11 17.4 182 11.6 12.4 1.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

21.7 8.7 3.8 1,170 3.2 .. .. .. .. 2.9 510.5 29.2 31.9 168 15 5 630 23 2.8 30.0 .. .. 7.0 30.8 90.1 31.4 17.6 20.4

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

263 30,475 2.1 2.2 19.3 26.0 13.4 19.7 .. 16.7 .. .. 14.8 .. ..

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

5 10.1 256 9.8 60.4 5.7

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

Canada High income Highincome group 2012 2012

32.3 34.8 1,300 17.7 19.3 643 6.7 7.2 7.8 33,110 51,570 38,412 2.5 1.2 1.0 1.8 .. 1.4 32.4 .. 24.5 15.0 .. 15.0 65.8 .. 74.0 2.2 1.5 1.2 1.0 37.8 30.4 30.4 34.1 32.4 30.2 Business environment .. 19 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 3 5 17 Time to start a business (days) 2 1 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 119 131 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 8 8 12 Time to export (days) 0.8 0.8 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 6.6 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 20.9 25.7 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.9 1.1 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 2.3 2.4 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 21.3 22.8 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 47.1 54.8 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 148.9 .. 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 4.1 5.1 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 0.5 0.6 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 178.2 .. 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 1.1 1.3 Real interest rate (%) 3.6 2.5 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 1,018 1,280 20,757 39.9 .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 17,319 16,473 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 52.8 80.1 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 71.7 86.8 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Cayman Islands High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.05 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 166.5 38.0

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

0.06 1,300 .. 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. .. .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 97.9 83.7 .. 8,896 .. 171.7 122.9 74.1 75.4

Central African Republic Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

2014

4.0 1.8 7.7 340 1.5 54.9 14.3 6.4 30.8 2.9 527.5 13.2 21.5 .. 22 11 504 57 4.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.7 9.8 .. .. 5.3 .. .. 6.8 11.9 12.8 .. .. .. .. 2.5 0.3

4.5 2.1 7.5 510 6.7 54.3 13.7 6.5 32.0 5.8 510.5 11.6 21.6 188 22 8 483 46 4.8 0.0 .. .. 9.2 16.8 66.7 25.3 11.8 37.0

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

17 3.3 14.7 ..

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 8.7 .. .. 12.4 .. ..

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

.. 6.8 .. 29.0 25.3 3.0

374 20.6 233

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

Chad Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

10.0 3.6 7.7 360 17.2 54.8 9.4 0.2 35.7 7.9 527.5 49.0 42.9 .. 64 13 732 78 4.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 11 -1.5 20.6 14.4 .. 2.6 .. .. 2.5 -8.2 12.8 .. .. .. .. 2.1 0.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

12.4 4.6 7.8 770 4.9 55.8 12.7 2.0 31.5 10.2 510.5 29.5 39.1 189 62 9 732 73 4.0 31.3 .. .. 20.8 21.2 89.8 4.2 10.6 43.3

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

78 2.5 26.4 15.5

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 5.8 .. .. 5.6 .. ..

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

.. .. .. 19.6 35.4 2.1

374 20.6 233

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

Channel Islands High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.15 .. .. 55,320 –1.2 .. .. .. .. .. 0.6 .. .. Business environment .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. Time to start a business (days) .. Procedures to start a business (number) .. Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) .. Time to export (days) .. Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) .. Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) .. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. Government debt (% of GDP) .. Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) .. Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. Real interest rate (%) .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. Paved roads (% of total roads) .. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) .. Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) .. Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

0.16 1,300 .. 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. .. .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. ..

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

.. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. .. 122.9 .. 75.4

Chile High income Highincome group 2012 2012

16.3 17.5 1,300 6.8 8.5 643 8.0 6.4 7.8 6,250 14,310 38,412 4.2 3.8 1.0 4.6 3.6 1.4 36.9 35.5 24.5 14.7 11.0 15.0 58.5 60.9 74.0 .. 3.0 559.8 483.7 38.4 34.2 30.4 31.6 33.9 30.2 .. 34 27 6 17 9 7 6 316 291 166 17 15 12 5.6 3.2 2.0 .. 21.2 13.7 28.7 68.4 2.6 5.7 7.5 9.0 9.9 7.6 0.4 49.6 55.8 29.1 44.8 22.9 21.1 22.0 22.1 8,980 1,687 .. 5.6 11.2 1.8 21.2 24.1 19.3 .. .. .. .. .. 67.6 47.7 45.7 108.2 7.1 8.0 7.9 0.9 2.2 3.3 76.3 99.8 150.5 –0.8 8.1 2.7 4.3 .. 93 125 20,757 21.0 23.8 83.7 3,066 3,568 8,896 0.6 0.7 64.7 138.2 122.9 31.2 61.4 75.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

China East Asia & Pacific

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

1,303.7 1,350.7 758.6 787.6 4.1 4.5 1,740 5,720 9.8 10.4 12.1 10.1 47.4 45.3 32.5 32.5 40.5 44.6 1.8 2.7 8.2 6.3 37.1 27.3 31.6 24.5 Business environment .. 96 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 48 33 Time to start a business (days) 13 13 Procedures to start a business (number) 832 318 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 23 21 Time to export (days) 2.4 1.7 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 6.2 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 18.3 0.9 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 38.7 10.9 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 57.6 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 28.8 14.7 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 27.8 6.9 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 35.9 53.4 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 38,487 2,363 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 4.6 3.1 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 40.1 46.8 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) 12.6 25.3 Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) .. .. Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 45.0 48.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 4.4 6.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 8.6 1.0 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 113.3 133.7 Real interest rate (%) 1.6 4.1 Interest rate spread (percentage points) 3.3 3.0 Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 1,349 2,780 40.8 63.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 1,784 3,298 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 0.1 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 29.8 80.8 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 8.5 42.3 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

80,963 2.8 31.6 20.5 .. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4 5.9 6,886 67.0 2,932 92.4 41.6

Colombia Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

43.2 47.7 2,391 19.9 23.1 1,251 11.3 10.4 5.8 2,930 7,020 6,969 3.7 4.5 6.2 8.4 6.5 7.8 32.8 37.5 37.7 15.4 13.0 23.5 58.8 56.0 54.4 5.0 3.2 2,321.6 1,797.8 16.8 18.3 30.3 18.8 19.7 29.7 Business environment .. 43 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 42 15 30 Time to start a business (days) 11 9 7 Procedures to start a business (number) 456 203 327 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 34 14 20 Time to export (days) 3.0 1.7 2.6 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 18.7 17.5 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 29.3 63.0 New businesses registered (thousands) 1.1 2.0 3.0 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 14.3 12.9 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 1.1 1.5 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) 55.1 70.9 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 30.6 35.0 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 26.4 20.9 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 5.9 20.8 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 3,734 1,532 80,963 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 7.0 4.2 2.8 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 19.7 23.5 31.6 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. 20.5 Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) 52.5 65.4 .. Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 16.5 22.0 48.4 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 14.0 14.7 10.4 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 2.7 2.8 3.6 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 29.3 52.2 92.4 Real interest rate (%) 8.5 9.8 Interest rate spread (percentage points) 7.5 7.2 5.9 Infrastructure 246 6,886 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 162 .. .. 67.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 898 1,123 2,932 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 0.4 0.6 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 50.6 102.9 92.4 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 11.0 49.0 41.6 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

Comoros Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

2014

0.60 0.20 7.3 650 2.6 51.0 11.0 4.4 38.0 3.0 395.6 14.1 35.8 .. 24 11 100 31 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.5 0.1 9.3 4.8 .. 15.7 .. .. 9.5 8.5 8.0 .. .. .. .. 2.6 2.0

0.72 0.24 7.0 840 1.6 46.3 12.1 4.3 41.6 1.8 382.9 15.3 51.8 158 15 8 100 31 .. 31.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

.. 2.8 12.4 7.7

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 28.5 .. .. 20.6 7.7 8.8

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

.. .. .. .. 39.5 6.0

374 20.6 233

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

11.2

47.2 6.2

Congo, Dem. Rep. Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

54.0 20.9 7.2 130 4.6 48.4 22.6 5.4 29.0 21.3 473.9 33.6 45.2 .. 133 14 308 46 5.2 .. .. .. 6.3 64.4 82.4 3.3 20.5 4.3 473 2.3 20.3 10.5 .. 3.9 .. .. 2.0 27.5 32.6 .. 1.8 91 16.9 5.1 0.2

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

65.7 25.9 7.2 230 5.8 44.9 21.8 4.5 33.4 85.1 919.8 55.5 67.3 183 31 11 348 44 5.2 58.9 0.8 0.0 29.4 54.4 90.0 6.7 48.0 8.5

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

390 16.8 26.5 14.9

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 14.5 .. .. 8.2 25.6 20.7

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

1 .. 105 20.0 30.6 1.7

374 20.6 233

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

Congo, Rep. Sub-Saharan Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

3.5 1.4 7.1 970 3.7 4.5 71.9 4.0 23.6 3.1 527.5 84.2 54.5 .. 37 11 606 50 3.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 62 13.2 19.7 13.5 0.2 6.6 .. .. 2.4 -3.0 12.8 5 7.1 120 .. 15.8 1.5

4.3 1.8 7.1 2,550 5.0 3.4 76.6 3.6 20.0 3.9 510.5 87.3 34.8 185 101 11 602 50 3.3 0.0 .. .. 6.0 37.1 69.7 7.7 8.4 19.6

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

19 30,475 20.2 2.2 25.1 26.0 9.1 19.7 .. 23.2 .. .. 9.6 .. ..

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

5 7.1 172 21.5 98.8 6.1

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Costa Rica Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

4.3 1.9 6.6 4,810 4.3 9.0 29.1 21.7 61.9 13.8 477.8 48.5 54.0 .. 77 12 402 35 3.5 .. 33.9 11.8 9.6 0.0 .. 14.9 48.6 10.4 625 4.3 18.7 .. .. 22.3 13.1 1.4 35.6 12.7 14.5 36 25.2 1,707 .. 25.5 22.1

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

4.8 2.3 7.6 8,820 4.1 6.3 25.1 17.0 68.6 4.5 502.9 37.7 41.8 102 24 9 226 13 3.0 19.2 11.8 3.5 8.4 7.6 70.4 22.2 39.0 13.3

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

418 80,963 5.8 2.8 20.2 31.6 .. 20.5 .. 22.4 14.8 1.7 49.1 13.7 13.5

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

27 26.0 1,844 1.3 111.9 47.5

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

Côte d’Ivoire Sub-Saharan Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

17.4 6.7 4.1 900 –0.2 22.8 25.9 19.3 51.3 3.9 527.5 51.1 43.6 .. 45 11 270 23 2.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 311 2.1 9.7 7.0 .. 15.2 .. .. 13.8 .. .. .. 8.1 181 .. 13.5 1.0

19.8 7.8 4.0 1,220 1.9 .. .. .. .. 1.3 510.5 .. .. 167 8 5 270 25 2.2 8.8 .. .. 1.6 13.6 73.6 13.9 20.9 4.3

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

286 30,475 1.9 2.2 .. 26.0 .. 19.7 .. 25.8 .. .. 18.3 .. ..

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

0 .. 212 2.0 91.2 2.4

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Croatia High income Highincome group 2012 2012

4.4 4.3 1,300 2.0 1.9 643 12.6 15.8 7.8 9,690 13,490 38,412 4.6 –0.4 1.0 5.0 5.0 1.4 28.5 26.3 24.5 17.5 16.2 15.0 66.4 68.8 74.0 3.3 3.4 5.9 5.6 42.3 43.4 30.4 48.6 42.7 30.2 .. 89 29 8 17 11 6 6 232 196 166 26 18 12 3.1 3.1 2.0 .. 0.0 13.7 8.4 8.1 2.8 2.8 7.5 2.0 .. 20.1 .. 31.7 .. 45.8 .. 15.2 .. 17.4 .. .. .. .. 4.0 2.4 1.8 24.7 18.4 19.3 20.2 16.7 .. .. .. 67.6 53.8 75.0 108.2 10.1 14.2 7.9 5.2 13.8 3.3 52.6 68.0 150.5 7.6 7.3 9.5 7.6 .. 22 26 20,757 89.0 91.1 83.7 3,476 3,901 8,896 0.5 .. 83.2 115.4 122.9 33.1 63.0 75.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

Cuba Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

11.3 4.8 1.9 3,950 4.6 5.6 19.4 9.5 75.0 .. 1.0 21.0 18.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 776 .. 9.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 11 .. 1,152 .. 1.2 9.7

11.3 5.3 2.4 5,890 4.4 5.0 20.5 10.7 74.5 .. 1.0 20.0 19.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

.. 80,963 .. 2.8 12.2 31.6 .. 20.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

8 .. 1,327 .. 14.9 25.6

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Curaçao High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.14 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2014

0.15 1,300 .. 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. .. .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. .. 122.9 .. 75.4

Cyprus High income Highincome group 2012 2012

1.0 1.1 1,300 0.52 0.59 643 5.3 11.8 7.8 21,490 26,110 38,412 3.1 1.5 1.0 2.8 .. 1.4 19.5 .. 24.5 8.8 .. 15.0 77.7 .. 74.0 2.6 2.4 0.8 0.8 48.3 40.1 30.4 50.9 46.6 30.2 Business environment .. 39 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. 8 17 Time to start a business (days) .. 6 6 Procedures to start a business (number) .. 147 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) .. 7 12 Time to export (days) .. 1.5 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 9.1 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 14.5 18.0 New businesses registered (thousands) 20.2 22.5 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 6.8 5.5 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 19.3 18.4 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 180.6 131.0 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 176.9 243.3 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. 5.2 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. 18.6 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 209.9 305.1 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 4.6 .. Real interest rate (%) 3.3 .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 17 13 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 64.6 65.8 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 4,080 4,271 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 75.8 98.4 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 32.8 61.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Czech Republic High income Highincome group 2012 2012

10.2 10.5 1,300 5.2 5.3 643 7.9 7.0 7.8 11,920 18,130 38,412 3.9 1.6 1.0 2.6 2.4 1.4 38.0 37.3 24.5 25.5 24.7 15.0 59.5 60.4 74.0 1.8 3.3 24.0 19.6 64.4 78.0 30.4 61.7 72.4 30.2 Business environment .. 75 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 40 20 17 Time to start a business (days) 10 9 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 930 413 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 17 17 12 Time to export (days) 9.2 2.1 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 7.7 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 14.1 21.6 New businesses registered (thousands) 1.9 3.0 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 1.9 10.4 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 36.0 0.2 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 42.9 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 20.8 33.4 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 15.4 50.2 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 15.9 43.5 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 8.9 5.4 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 25.8 23.1 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 22.0 42.9 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 47.8 66.9 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 5.0 6.9 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 2.4 5.2 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 35.4 56.7 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 6.1 3.7 Real interest rate (%) 4.6 4.4 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 75 44 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 6,357 6,289 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 0.7 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 115.1 126.8 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 35.3 75.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

Denmark High income Highincome group 2012 2012

5.4 5.6 1,300 2.9 2.9 643 4.8 7.5 7.8 48,590 59,870 38,412 1.2 -0.4 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.4 25.4 21.8 24.5 13.5 11.0 15.0 73.2 76.8 74.0 1.8 2.4 6.0 5.8 49.0 54.8 30.4 44.1 49.7 30.2 Business environment .. 5 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 6 6 17 Time to start a business (days) 4 4 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 135 130 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 6 6 12 Time to export (days) 3.3 1.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 20.3 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 18.6 15.8 New businesses registered (thousands) 5.2 4.4 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 5.0 0.4 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 19.5 17.4 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 36.7 48.3 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 48.2 52.8 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 4.9 5.3 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 0.6 6.0 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 171.8 205.2 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 4.7 .. Real interest rate (%) 4.7 .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 13 .. 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 100.0 100.0 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 6,659 6,122 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 100.6 117.6 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 82.7 93.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Djibouti Middle East & North Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

0.78 0.24 .. 1,030 3.0 3.5 16.6 2.6 79.9 3.1 177.7 40.6 51.0 .. 37 11 66 27 5.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 180 3.1 19.0 9.7 .. 67.0 .. .. 20.1 7.8 10.3 .. .. .. .. 5.7 1.0

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

0.86 0.29 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.7 177.7 .. .. 160 17 9 82 20 5.0 17.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

.. 30,475 .. 2.2 .. 26.0 .. 19.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. 9.1

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

.. .. .. .. 24.7 8.3

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

Dominica Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

0.07 0.07 2,391 .. .. 1,251 .. .. 5.8 4,980 6,440 6,969 1.9 3.3 6.2 14.0 15.5 7.8 15.8 15.9 37.7 4.9 3.1 23.5 70.2 68.6 54.4 1.7 1.4 2.7 2.7 35.8 40.1 30.3 54.2 51.4 29.7 .. 77 14 12 30 5 5 7 147 117 327 16 13 20 4.0 4.0 2.6 .. 26.0 17.5 0.2 0.2 3.5 3.3 3.0 .. 2.0 .. 5.6 .. 10.7 .. 46.2 .. 5.6 .. 1.3 .. .. 80,963 5.3 4.1 2.8 20.2 22.2 31.6 .. .. 20.5 .. .. .. 73.3 93.9 48.4 .. .. 10.4 .. .. 3.6 48.9 59.9 92.4 10.6 8.2 6.8 5.9 5.9 .. .. 6,886 70.9 81.9 67.0 .. .. 2,932 .. 2.8 73.7 152.5 92.4 38.5 55.2 41.6

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Dominican Republic Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

9.3 4.0 18.0 2,880 3.1 7.5 32.1 22.9 60.5 4.2 30.0 30.0 35.5 .. 74 9 232 17 3.5 .. .. .. 8.8 17.3 .. 12.5 30.2 9.6 2,599 3.3 16.4 .. .. 19.8 9.5 5.9 20.9 20.9 10.2 .. .. 737 .. 38.8 11.5

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

10.3 4.6 13.0 5,470 6.0 6.1 31.7 23.5 62.2 3.7 39.2 24.9 34.0 117 19 7 324 8 3.5 23.7 6.8 1.0 11.7 15.3 75.8 39.1 24.1 11.8

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

108 80,963 6.5 2.8 16.3 31.6 .. 20.5 .. 21.7 9.5 3.5 23.2 9.7 8.0

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

2 .. 893 17.7 86.9 45.0

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

Ecuador Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

13.8 6.5 6.6 2,890 4.8 10.0 33.4 13.1 56.6 2.4 1.0 27.6 28.5 .. 69 14 600 22 5.3 .. .. .. 17.3 11.3 65.4 24.0 23.3 18.2 1,865 1.2 20.4 .. .. 20.9 8.5 5.5 20.8 1.8 6.0 30 14.8 760 1.6 45.3 6.0

15.5 7.4 4.5 5,170 4.0 9.9 36.9 12.3 53.3 5.1 1.0 31.2 33.2 135 56 13 654 20 5.3 16.9 .. .. 22.5 0.4 65.7 17.0 10.7 9.7

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

299 80,963 0.7 2.8 26.6 31.6 .. 20.5 .. 29.8 8.6 3.2 27.3 .. ..

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

61 .. 1,192 1.0 106.2 35.1

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Egypt, Arab Rep. Middle East & North Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

71.8 23.1 11.2 1,290 3.4 14.9 35.9 17.0 49.2 4.9 6.0 30.3 32.6 .. 22 10 504 27 4.2 .. 3.9 0.1 .. 23.8 .. 10.5 133.9 12.0 4,971 6.0 17.9 8.6 85.8 84.3 5.0 26.5 51.2 6.5 5.9 45 81.0 1,328 .. 19.0 12.8

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

80.7 27.2 11.9 2,980 5.1 14.5 39.2 14.7 46.3 7.1 6.0 17.4 25.8 128 8 7 392 12 4.2 13.2 6.3 0.1 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

832 30,475 1.1 2.2 15.6 26.0 10.8 19.7 .. 61.1 7.2 9.8 29.1 –0.4 4.4

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

85 92.2 1,743 .. 119.9 44.1

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

El Salvador Latin America & Caribbean

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

6.1 2.3 7.2 2,810 2.3 10.6 29.7 23.1 59.7 4.7 1.0 25.6 44.2 .. 40 12 320 22 4.0 .. 1.7 0.5 9.2 2.6 73.8 17.3 22.1 10.9 1,196 3.0 15.3 12.9 48.3 41.0 11.1 1.9 42.9 .. .. 24 50.2 753 1.6 39.7 4.2

6.3 2.7 6.9 3,590 1.2 11.8 27.2 20.4 61.0 1.7 1.0 28.4 46.5 118 17 8 320 13 3.5 20.4 1.9 0.5 19.6 0.3 65.2 31.7 28.6 14.5

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

110 30,475 2.0 2.2 14.2 26.0 11.6 19.7 47.8 40.8 14.2 2.8 40.1 .. ..

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

27 53.1 830 1.2 137.3 25.5

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Equatorial Guinea High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.60 0.74 1,300 0.31 0.39 643 7.4 7.6 7.8 5,250 13,560 38,412 26.0 3.1 1.0 2.6 .. 1.4 94.4 .. 24.5 6.2 .. 15.0 3.0 .. 74.0 5.6 6.1 527.5 510.5 87.4 84.4 30.4 43.6 61.0 30.2 .. 166 137 135 17 20 18 6 492 492 166 29 29 12 .. .. 2.0 .. 0.0 13.7 .. .. .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 9.4 12.0 1.8 39.2 52.5 19.3 28.9 24.0 .. .. .. 67.6 5.1 15.8 108.2 .. .. 7.9 .. .. 3.3 2.1 6.7 150.5 –17.5 .. 12.8 .. .. .. .. 20,757 .. .. 83.7 .. .. 8,896 .. .. 16.1 68.1 122.9 1.1 13.9 75.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

Eritrea Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

2014

4.9 2.3 8.3 230 1.9 24.2 21.9 7.3 53.9 .. 15.4 6.2 54.9 .. 76 13 216 59 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 40 0.1 20.3 2.5 .. 107.3 .. .. 27.6 .. .. .. .. 50 .. 0.8 0.4

6.1 3.0 7.9 450 1.2 14.5 22.4 5.7 63.0 .. 15.4 14.4 23.2 184 84 13 216 50 .. 8.8 .. .. 0.5 0.0 28.2 11.9 .. 15.1

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

.. 2.4 10.0 1.9

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 89.7 .. .. 13.9 .. ..

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

.. .. 49 0.5 5.0 0.8

374 20.6 233

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

11.2

47.2 6.2

Estonia High income Highincome group 2012 2012

1.4 1.3 1,300 0.67 0.69 643 7.9 10.1 7.8 9,690 16,270 38,412 7.1 0.3 1.0 3.5 4.1 1.4 29.7 28.9 24.5 16.5 15.4 15.0 66.8 66.9 74.0 4.1 3.9 0.8 0.8 77.7 90.6 30.4 84.2 90.3 30.2 .. 22 35 7 17 6 5 6 81 81 166 6 6 12 3.0 3.0 2.0 .. 8.1 13.7 6.2 7.2 6.8 8.1 7.5 2.1 5.5 13.7 0.0 .. 26.3 25.0 41.5 7.2 207.2 12.9 21.2 .. .. .. 22.5 7.4 1.8 32.1 25.2 19.3 .. .. .. 5.9 10.5 67.6 42.8 54.8 108.2 8.4 9.9 7.9 0.2 2.6 3.3 69.7 77.4 150.5 -1.1 2.3 2.8 5.1 .. 8 20 20,757 22.7 18.2 83.7 5,546 6,279 8,896 .. 0.7 109.1 160.4 122.9 61.5 79.0 75.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

Ethiopia Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

2014

76.2 34.7 5.4 160 5.6 45.6 13.0 5.1 41.5 12.9 8.7 15.3 35.8 .. 34 9 212 47 1.8 .. 0.8 0.0 3.8 4.3 .. 10.9 44.2 4.2 .. 2.2 26.5 12.6 .. 35.2 .. .. 23.2 –2.6 3.5 31 11.0 34 1.7 0.5 0.2

91.7 43.6 5.4 380 9.7 48.8 10.1 3.6 41.1 22.8 17.7 14.0 32.2 125 15 9 306 44 1.8 26.0 1.3 0.0 3.0 3.8 37.3 16.6 111.8 13.6

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

.. 0.7 34.6 21.9

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

62 .. 52 5.6 22.4 1.5

374 20.6 233

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

Faeroe Islands High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.05 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 6.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 85.5 67.9 2014

0.05 1,300 .. 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. 5.4 .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. 118.6 122.9 85.3 75.4

Fiji East Asia & Pacific

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

0.82 0.32 4.6 3,590 2.6 14.1 19.2 14.2 66.8 2.4 1.7 53.1 65.1 .. 46 8 140 24 1.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 50 5.3 21.0 17.9 .. 48.1 .. .. 68.7 0.0 5.0 42 .. .. .. 24.9 8.5

0.87 0.34 8.4 4,110 0.4 13.2 18.9 14.1 67.9 3.4 1.8 62.3 64.9 62 59 11 185 18 1.8 20.5 .. .. 4.4 4.5 39.6 37.1 19.0 22.9

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

.. 80,963 6.8 2.8 .. 31.6 .. 20.5 .. 59.9 .. .. 77.9 5.3 4.5

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

16 .. .. 1.4 98.2 33.7

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Finland High income Highincome group 2012 2012

5.2 5.4 1,300 2.6 2.7 643 8.4 7.6 7.8 38,550 46,490 38,412 2.6 0.4 1.0 2.8 2.7 1.4 32.1 26.0 24.5 22.5 15.4 15.0 65.1 71.3 74.0 0.9 2.8 0.8 0.8 41.8 40.6 30.4 37.7 41.4 30.2 Business environment .. 12 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 14 14 17 Time to start a business (days) 3 3 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 269 93 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 9 9 12 Time to export (days) 0.9 0.9 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 14.1 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 8.4 8.2 New businesses registered (thousands) 2.4 2.3 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 5.6 1.8 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 20.1 19.6 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 44.1 52.7 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 49.7 64.2 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 9.4 4.4 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 0.5 0.5 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 75.1 99.2 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 3.2 .. Real interest rate (%) 2.7 .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 88 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 107 65.0 65.8 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 16,116 15,738 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 100.5 172.3 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 74.5 91.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

France High income Highincome group 2012 2012

63.2 65.7 1,300 28.8 30.1 643 8.9 9.9 7.8 34,850 41,750 38,412 1.5 0.5 1.0 2.0 2.0 1.4 21.0 18.8 24.5 12.6 10.0 15.0 77.1 79.2 74.0 1.7 2.0 0.8 0.8 26.4 27.4 30.4 27.0 29.7 30.2 Business environment .. 38 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 7 7 17 Time to start a business (days) 5 5 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 132 132 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 19 10 12 Time to export (days) 1.9 1.9 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 8.7 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 117.3 121.5 New businesses registered (thousands) 2.9 2.9 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 4.2 1.1 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 19.3 19.8 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 72.9 103.8 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 69.0 89.5 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 5.4 5.2 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 4.8 4.3 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 92.7 116.0 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 4.8 .. Real interest rate (%) 4.4 .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 655 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 728 100.0 100.0 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 7,655 7,289 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 78.3 97.4 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 42.9 83.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

French Polynesia High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.25 0.10 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 47.1 21.5 2014

0.27 1,300 0.12 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. .. .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. 82.5 122.9 52.9 75.4

Gabon Sub-Saharan Africa

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

1.4 1.6 2,391 0.49 0.61 1,251 18.5 20.3 5.8 5,080 10,040 6,969 1.6 3.1 6.2 4.9 3.9 7.8 61.4 62.2 37.7 4.1 .. 23.5 33.8 33.9 54.4 3.7 2.7 527.5 510.5 64.7 56.9 30.3 27.7 31.4 29.7 .. 163 57 50 30 8 7 7 488 488 327 19 20 20 5.0 5.0 2.6 .. 18.4 17.5 2.6 3.5 3.4 4.1 3.0 .. 2.8 .. 22.8 .. 76.0 .. 6.3 .. 34.5 .. 18.6 204 20 80,963 3.8 3.8 2.8 21.3 31.0 31.6 17.1 .. 20.5 .. .. .. 13.2 17.0 48.4 11.1 11.5 10.4 14.1 7.8 3.6 9.4 10.6 92.4 0.6 .. 12.8 .. 5.9 9 0 6,886 10.2 .. 67.0 915 907 2,932 .. 4.6 53.4 179.5 92.4 4.9 8.6 41.6

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Gambia, The Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

1.4 0.60 7.9 410 3.2 27.1 14.1 6.6 58.9 4.8 28.6 32.8 49.6 .. 27 8 376 23 2.0 .. .. .. 7.3 13.6 60.3 7.6 63.9 22.2 7 8.6 22.0 13.9 115.3 25.9 .. .. 9.6 30.2 17.6 .. 19.3 .. 21.0 17.2 3.8

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

1.8 0.75 7.7 510 3.8 20.4 13.0 4.9 66.6 4.3 32.1 28.6 50.7 150 27 8 376 23 2.0 6.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

.. 3.7 23.1 10.7

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

65.1 43.9 .. .. 15.7 22.5 16.5

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

.. .. .. .. 85.2 12.4

374 20.6 233

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

Georgia Europe & Central Asia

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

4.4 2.3 13.8 1,360 7.5 16.7 26.8 13.7 56.5 8.2 1.8 33.7 51.6 .. 21 8 448 54 3.3 .. 4.0 1.4 3.9 39.8 .. 40.0 .. 17.5 241 7.1 28.1 22.2 40.9 10.5 18.8 1.2 14.7 8.9 10.1 5 94.1 1,715 .. 26.2 6.1

4.5 2.4 15.0 3,290 4.7 8.5 23.1 14.1 68.3 –0.9 1.7 38.4 57.8 8 2 2 280 9 2.0 14.3 14.9 4.9 0.9 0.2 59.7 22.2 8.6 7.6

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

13 30,475 5.3 2.2 24.9 26.0 18.0 19.7 32.6 24.3 16.7 3.7 34.5 13.3 4.1

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

3 36.4 1,918 1.0 107.8 45.5

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Germany High income Highincome group 2012 2012

82.5 80.4 1,300 41.3 41.8 643 11.1 5.4 7.8 34,780 45,070 38,412 0.5 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.4 29.3 30.5 24.5 22.0 22.4 15.0 69.9 68.7 74.0 1.5 2.0 0.8 0.8 41.3 51.8 30.4 36.1 45.9 30.2 Business environment .. 21 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 45 15 17 Time to start a business (days) 9 9 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 196 218 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 8 9 12 Time to export (days) 1.2 1.2 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 23.0 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 66.9 69.3 New businesses registered (thousands) 1.2 1.3 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 1.2 .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 14.8 .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 45.0 .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 3.2 .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 1.5 0.8 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 17.3 17.6 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 44.7 56.9 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 100.6 115.0 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 4.1 4.7 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 4.0 2.9 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 112.6 101.1 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 8.1 .. Real interest rate (%) 7.0 .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 1,024 1,034 20,757 .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 7,113 7,081 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 94.6 111.6 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 68.7 84.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

Ghana Sub-Saharan Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

21.4 8.9 3.5 470 5.1 40.9 27.5 9.5 31.6 15.1 0.9 36.4 61.7 .. 18 11 304 47 1.9 .. 7.3 0.6 3.2 18.1 69.1 16.0 24.4 6.8 756 1.4 29.0 17.0 .. 23.7 10.3 13.0 15.5 .. .. 3 14.9 259 9.5 13.4 1.8

25.4 10.8 3.6 1,550 7.9 22.7 27.3 6.9 50.0 9.2 1.8 45.9 56.2 67 14 8 224 19 1.9 22.0 13.2 0.9 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

793 30,475 8.1 2.2 29.0 26.0 22.2 19.7 .. 24.2 14.8 13.2 16.1 .. ..

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

12 12.6 344 .. 101.0 17.1

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Greece High income Highincome group 2012 2012

11.1 11.1 1,300 5.1 5.0 643 9.8 24.2 7.8 21,400 23,660 38,412 4.2 –2.2 1.0 4.9 3.4 1.4 19.7 16.4 24.5 9.5 9.7 15.0 75.4 80.2 74.0 3.5 1.5 0.8 0.8 23.2 27.0 30.4 32.5 32.0 30.2 Business environment .. 72 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 38 14 17 Time to start a business (days) 15 5 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 264 193 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 20 16 12 Time to export (days) 2.0 3.5 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 11.2 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 5.2 5.8 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.7 0.8 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 1.8 .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 55.9 .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 25.9 .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 7.0 .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 11.7 .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 0.3 0.7 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 20.7 13.1 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 125.4 163.9 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 83.8 85.8 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 7.0 7.3 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 61.8 23.3 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 79.6 120.7 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 2.8 .. Real interest rate (%) 4.3 .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 100 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 131 .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 5,242 5,380 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 92.9 120.0 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 24.0 56.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

Greenland High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.06 0.06 1,300 .. .. 643 .. .. 7.8 29,690 26,020 38,412 0.7 1.5 1.0 .. .. 1.4 .. .. 24.5 .. .. 15.0 .. .. 74.0 .. .. 6.0 5.4 .. .. 30.4 .. .. 30.2 Business environment .. .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. .. 17 Time to start a business (days) .. .. 6 Procedures to start a business (number) .. .. 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) .. .. 12 Time to export (days) .. .. 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. .. 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) .. .. 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) .. .. 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) .. .. 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) .. .. 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. .. Real interest rate (%) .. .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. .. 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 81.6 104.7 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 57.7 64.9 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Grenada Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

0.10 .. .. 6,800 4.6 3.4 26.5 3.4 70.1 3.5 2.7 21.3 56.6 .. 20 6 140 19 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 19 10.0 46.0 .. .. 79.6 .. .. 57.5 7.0 7.2 .. .. .. .. 45.5 20.5

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

0.11 .. .. 7,220 –0.4 5.7 11.7 0.4 82.6 2.4 2.7 25.2 51.4 107 15 6 140 9 .. 27.6 .. .. 7.7 1.9 72.5 37.3 22.9 32.6

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

.. 80,963 3.9 2.8 18.1 31.6 .. 20.5 .. 90.0 .. .. 86.4 17.5 6.9

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

.. .. .. 0.7 121.3 42.1

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

Guam High income Highincome group 2012 2012

2014

0.16 0.07 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 61.9 38.6

0.16 1,300 0.07 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. .. .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

11 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. .. 122.9 61.5 75.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Guatemala Latin America & Caribbean

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

12.7 4.7 2.9 2,070 3.1 13.4 29.3 20.2 57.3 9.1 7.6 25.1 41.0 .. 39 15 344 18 3.0 .. 4.2 0.6 9.2 3.8 65.8 12.8 35.3 8.0 712 2.0 18.3 18.8 21.3 36.9 8.4 4.9 25.4 7.0 8.7 .. 34.6 479 1.2 35.6 5.7

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

15.1 6.0 4.2 3,120 3.4 11.6 29.3 20.3 59.2 3.8 7.8 24.9 35.9 79 20 6 326 17 3.0 25.9 4.3 0.5 10.2 3.9 69.8 26.6 17.8 11.9

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

106 30,475 2.3 2.2 14.7 26.0 12.4 19.7 24.4 39.3 9.0 1.3 31.8 10.2 8.2

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

8 44.8 539 2.3 137.8 16.0

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

Guinea Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

9.6 11.5 3.8 4.7 3.1 3.1 340 440 3.0 2.5 24.2 20.5 34.8 44.8 6.6 7.2 41.1 33.1 31.4 15.2 3,644.3 7,030.0 34.8 29.7 35.1 62.0 Business environment .. 175 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 40 16 Time to start a business (days) 12 5 Procedures to start a business (number) 416 440 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 34 36 Time to export (days) 3.8 3.8 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 17.2 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. 1.4 New businesses registered (thousands) .. 0.2 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 2.6 .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 57.3 .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) 62.8 .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 0.9 .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 16.1 .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 5.2 .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 51 43 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 3.6 10.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 18.6 15.0 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 15.8 13.3 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. Government debt (% of GDP) 11.2 23.6 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 5.7 9.1 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. .. Real interest rate (%) .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. .. Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 9.8 .. Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 31.5 .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 2.0 41.8 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 0.5 1.5 Individuals using the Internet (%)

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2 .. 37.9 .. .. 30.7 11.2 374 20.6 233 47.2 6.2

Guinea-Bissau Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

1.4 0.59 7.5 390 0.7 .. .. .. .. 3.3 527.5 17.3 26.5 .. 259 17 208 27 .. .. .. .. 2.9 22.7 53.7 0.7 20.5 8.4 7 1.5 6.6 3.9 .. 3.9 .. .. 1.1 .. .. .. 27.9 .. 5.2 7.0 1.9

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

1.7 0.71 7.5 510 3.1 .. .. .. .. 2.1 510.5 17.3 31.6 180 9 9 208 25 .. 14.9 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

8 2.0 7.5 5.2

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 18.9 .. .. 15.3 .. ..

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

.. .. .. .. 63.1 2.9

374 20.6 233

11.2

47.2 6.2

Guyana Latin America & Caribbean

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2014

0.76 0.29 24.8 1,070 0.8 34.6 20.0 3.7 45.4 6.9 199.9 84.6 119.2 .. 42 8 288 21 3.0 .. .. .. 2.3 5.4 .. 32.6 93.4 17.8 89 9.3 24.8 19.0 .. 84.7 .. .. 57.1 6.2 12.0 .. .. .. .. 37.0 13.8

0.80 0.31 21.7 3,410 2.8 21.5 33.9 3.6 44.6 2.4 204.4 .. .. 115 20 8 256 19 3.0 21.1 .. .. 11.5 4.6 59.9 34.5 36.9 29.5

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

.. 30,475 9.7 2.2 24.9 26.0 13.3 19.7 .. 56.7 .. .. 41.0 7.7 12.3

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

9 .. .. 8.4 68.8 33.0

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Haiti Latin America & Caribbean

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

9.3 3.7 7.4 410 –0.7 .. .. .. .. 15.7 40.4 14.0 42.9 .. 202 13 184 44 .. .. 0.1 0.0 .. .. .. .. .. ..

Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms)

10.2 4.3 7.0 760 1.4 .. .. .. .. 6.3 41.9 13.2 48.0

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

0.4

.. 2.3 .. ..

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 38.1 .. .. 18.8 1.3 8.5

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

.. .. 32 .. 59.9 9.8

374 20.6 233

.. 34.5 .. .. 14.5 19.9 34.8

Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) Paved roads (% of total roads) Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) Individuals using the Internet (%)

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1

Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) Bank capital to asset ratio (%) Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) Real interest rate (%) Interest rate spread (percentage points)

24.8 41.7

177 97 12 184 33 .. 23.8 0.4 0.1 .. .. .. .. .. ..

24 0.6 .. ..

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

11.2

.. .. 37 .. 5.4 6.4 2014

47.2 6.2

Honduras Latin America & Caribbean

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

100

2014

6.9 2.5 4.2 1,380 4.7 13.7 28.7 20.9 57.6 8.8 19.0 59.0 77.5 .. 62 13 424 19 3.8 .. .. .. 4.5 6.1 71.0 8.5 27.6 16.5 822 6.2 24.9 20.4 .. 42.6 9.6 4.0 39.4 10.8 7.9 .. .. 620 1.9 18.6 6.5

7.9 3.2 4.8 2,120 3.2 14.8 27.9 19.1 57.3 5.2 19.6 50.4 70.2 127 14 13 224 12 3.8 26.1 .. .. 17.0 2.8 63.2 17.0 23.3 16.3

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

12 30,475 5.8 2.2 24.3 26.0 21.3 19.7 .. 45.6 11.3 3.3 51.8 13.8 9.5

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

17 .. 708 2.3 92.9 18.1

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Hong Kong SAR, China High income Highincome group 2012 2012

6.8 7.2 1,300 3.6 3.7 643 5.6 3.3 7.8 28,890 36,560 38,412 4.2 3.4 1.0 0.1 0.1 1.4 8.7 7.1 24.5 2.9 1.6 15.0 91.3 92.9 74.0 0.9 4.1 7.8 7.8 194.7 224.8 30.4 182.4 223.5 30.2 Business environment .. 2 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 11 3 17 Time to start a business (days) 5 3 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 80 78 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 14 6 12 Time to export (days) 1.1 1.1 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 17.5 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 73.4 150.2 New businesses registered (thousands) 14.6 28.1 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 22.6 28.3 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 21.4 26.4 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 31.6 39.2 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 241.7 321.5 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 13.0 8.8 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 1.1 0.6 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 143.1 198.1 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 7.9 1.1 Real interest rate (%) 6.5 5.0 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 186 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 123 100.0 100.0 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 5,878 5,949 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 123.9 229.2 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 56.9 72.8 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

101

Hungary Europe & Central Asia

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

10.1 9.9 2,391 4.3 4.4 1,251 7.2 10.9 5.8 10,220 12,410 6,969 4.2 –0.5 6.2 4.2 3.5 7.8 30.0 31.0 37.7 22.2 23.2 23.5 65.8 65.4 54.4 3.6 5.7 199.6 225.1 65.9 94.0 30.3 68.1 86.5 29.7 Business environment .. 54 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 38 5 30 Time to start a business (days) 6 4 7 Procedures to start a business (number) 340 277 327 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 16 17 20 Time to export (days) 2.0 2.0 2.6 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 11.6 17.5 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 21.7 32.3 New businesses registered (thousands) 3.1 4.8 3.0 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 4.0 13.5 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 24.2 0.7 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 49.0 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 32.8 48.7 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 9.8 48.0 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 27.4 39.4 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. 80,963 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 7.7 7.5 2.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 22.8 17.1 31.6 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. 20.5 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 68.8 86.2 .. Government debt (% of GDP) 41.3 45.1 48.4 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 8.3 9.1 10.4 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 2.6 15.8 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 51.2 56.8 92.4 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 5.9 5.6 Real interest rate (%) 3.4 3.7 5.9 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 47 89 6,886 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 38.1 37.9 67.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 3,771 3,895 2,932 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 0.5 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 92.3 116.1 92.4 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 39.0 72.0 41.6 Individuals using the Internet (%)

102

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Iceland High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.30 0.32 1,300 0.17 0.19 643 2.6 6.0 7.8 49,620 38,270 38,412 4.0 –0.1 1.0 5.8 7.3 1.4 25.0 24.2 24.5 10.3 13.4 15.0 69.2 68.5 74.0 4.0 5.2 63.0 125.1 31.7 59.4 30.4 44.0 53.3 30.2 Business environment .. 13 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 5 5 17 Time to start a business (days) 5 5 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 140 140 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 10 10 12 Time to export (days) 1.0 1.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 9.0 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 2.9 1.7 New businesses registered (thousands) 14.9 8.2 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 19.2 8.0 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 28.3 14.5 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 39.4 117.6 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 68.0 86.5 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 7.3 22.6 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 1.1 6.4 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 247.9 97.3 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 11.6 5.3 Real interest rate (%) 7.2 .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 12 16 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 35.4 40.7 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 27,988 52,374 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 95.4 108.1 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 87.0 96.2 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

103

India South Asia

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

1,127.1 1,236.7 2,507 464.5 484.3 1,003 4.4 3.4 5.2 740 1,550 1,893 6.7 7.6 6.0 18.8 17.5 17.3 28.1 26.2 31.6 15.4 14.1 15.5 53.1 56.3 51.2 4.2 9.3 44.3 54.4 19.3 24.0 28.5 22.0 30.7 33.2 Business environment .. 134 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 71 27 26 Time to start a business (days) 11 12 7 Procedures to start a business (number) 264 243 324 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 27 16 24 Time to export (days) 4.3 4.3 3.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 24.4 15.4 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 38.1 99.6 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.1 0.1 1.1 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 6.7 .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 52.3 .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 46.6 .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 29.5 .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 22.5 .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 33,775 31,207 30,475 0.9 1.3 2.2 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 30.3 30.4 26.0 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 23.0 22.6 19.7 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 61.2 49.7 .. Government debt (% of GDP) 53.7 64.8 49.0 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 6.6 7.0 10.7 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 3.5 3.4 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 39.4 51.0 42.1 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 6.2 3.2 Real interest rate (%) .. .. 7.5 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 661 2,287 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 330 48.6 53.8 36.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 461 684 734 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 8.0 69.9 83.1 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 2.4 12.6 18.7 Individuals using the Internet (%)

104

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Indonesia East Asia & Pacific

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

224.5 246.9 2,507 106.4 118.4 1,003 11.2 6.6 5.2 1,230 3,420 1,893 4.7 5.9 6.0 13.1 14.4 17.3 46.5 46.9 31.6 27.4 23.9 15.5 40.3 38.6 51.2 10.5 4.3 9,704.7 9,386.6 34.1 24.3 28.5 29.9 25.8 33.2 Business environment .. 120 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 151 48 26 Time to start a business (days) 12 10 7 Procedures to start a business (number) 560 259 324 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 22 17 24 Time to export (days) 5.5 4.5 3.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 18.1 15.4 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 23.3 47.5 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.2 0.3 1.1 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 4.0 1.6 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 11.2 14.0 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 65.1 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 34.0 11.7 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 14.6 15.5 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 22.1 2.9 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 8,168 3,545 30,475 2.9 2.2 2.2 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 23.6 33.9 26.0 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. 19.7 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 47.3 28.4 .. Government debt (% of GDP) 38.8 35.6 49.0 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 8.7 12.2 10.7 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 7.3 1.8 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 26.4 35.0 42.1 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –0.2 7.0 Real interest rate (%) 6.0 5.8 7.5 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 529 2,287 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 321 55.4 57.0 36.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 504 680 734 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 0.9 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 20.9 114.2 83.1 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 3.6 15.4 18.7 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

105

Iran, Islamic Rep. Middle East & North Africa

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

70.2 76.4 2,391 24.8 26.1 1,251 12.1 13.1 5.8 2,530 4,330 6,969 5.9 3.7 6.2 10.2 .. 7.8 44.7 .. 37.7 10.7 .. 23.5 45.1 .. 54.4 13.4 27.3 8,964.012,175.5 33.1 .. 30.3 24.7 .. 29.7 Business environment .. 152 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 28 16 30 Time to start a business (days) 8 8 7 Procedures to start a business (number) 344 344 327 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 26 25 20 Time to export (days) 4.5 4.5 2.6 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 17.8 17.5 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 3.0 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 242 80,963 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 1,345 1.6 0.9 2.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 27.0 .. 31.6 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 17.9 .. 20.5 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. .. Government debt (% of GDP) 33.8 14.2 48.4 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 10.4 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 30.0 11.4 92.4 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –0.9 –11.7 Real interest rate (%) 4.2 –0.2 5.9 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 137 6,886 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 121 71.9 74.3 67.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 2,068 2,649 2,932 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 12.1 76.1 92.4 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 8.1 26.0 41.6 Individuals using the Internet (%)

106

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Iraq Middle East & North Africa

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

27.4 32.6 2,391 6.6 8.2 1,251 18.0 15.1 5.8 1,990 6,130 6,969 –1.1 6.7 6.2 .. .. 7.8 .. .. 37.7 .. .. 23.5 .. .. 54.4 37.0 5.8 1,472.0 1,166.0 54.3 44.5 30.3 61.4 35.8 29.7 Business environment .. 151 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 32 29 30 Time to start a business (days) 12 10 7 Procedures to start a business (number) 312 312 327 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 102 80 20 Time to export (days) .. .. 2.6 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 14.2 17.5 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 7.8 2.3 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.5 0.1 3.0 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. 6.5 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. 29.1 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 49.3 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. 2.7 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. 19.6 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. 4.2 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 984 377 80,963 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 1.0 1.6 2.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 13.8 10.3 31.6 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. 20.5 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. .. Government debt (% of GDP) 7.4 18.5 48.4 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 10.4 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 1.6 6.0 92.4 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –14.1 9.8 Real interest rate (%) 7.1 7.2 5.9 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. 9 6,886 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. .. 67.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 823 1,343 2,932 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 41.0 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 5.6 81.6 92.4 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 0.9 7.1 41.6 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

107

Ireland High income Highincome group 2012 2012

4.2 4.6 1,300 2.1 2.2 643 4.3 14.7 7.8 42,380 39,020 38,412 4.7 –0.4 1.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 32.2 27.6 24.5 19.9 23.1 15.0 66.1 70.8 74.0 2.4 1.7 0.8 0.8 81.4 107.8 30.4 69.6 83.6 30.2 Business environment .. 15 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 18 10 17 Time to start a business (days) 4 4 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 76 80 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 8 8 12 Time to export (days) 0.4 0.4 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 12.3 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 17.0 13.8 New businesses registered (thousands) 6.0 4.5 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 2.3 .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 11.0 .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 37.4 .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 28.3 .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 17.2 .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 23.2 19.4 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 26.8 10.7 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 33.0 126.9 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 90.2 102.6 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 4.3 7.4 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 0.5 24.6 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 160.0 185.7 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 0.3 .. Real interest rate (%) 2.6 .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 644 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 304 100.0 100.0 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 6,242 5,701 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 102.7 107.2 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 41.6 79.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

108

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Isle of Man High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.08 .. .. 38,440 5.8 .. .. .. .. .. 0.6 .. .. Business environment .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. Time to start a business (days) .. Procedures to start a business (number) .. Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) .. Time to export (days) .. Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 2.7 New businesses registered (thousands) 54.4 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) .. Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) .. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. Government debt (% of GDP) .. Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) .. Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. Real interest rate (%) .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. Paved roads (% of total roads) .. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) .. Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) .. Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

0.09 1,300 .. 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. .. .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 2.3 45.3 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. .. 122.9 .. 75.4

109

Israel High income Highincome group 2012 2012

6.9 7.9 1,300 2.8 3.7 643 9.0 6.9 7.8 20,140 32,030 38,412 2.0 4.4 1.0 .. .. 1.4 .. .. 24.5 .. .. 15.0 .. .. 74.0 1.3 1.7 4.5 3.9 42.7 36.2 30.4 43.1 36.0 30.2 Business environment .. 35 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 20 14 17 Time to start a business (days) 5 5 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 230 235 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 12 10 12 Time to export (days) 3.0 2.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 23.3 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 14.4 14.5 New businesses registered (thousands) 3.3 3.0 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 3.6 3.7 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 16.6 20.4 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 88.9 89.6 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 8.3 10.8 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 2.3 2.8 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 89.8 89.5 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 5.7 1.5 Real interest rate (%) 3.5 3.3 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 34 46 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 100.0 100.0 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 6,572 6,926 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 117.5 120.7 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 25.2 73.4 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

110

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Italy High income Highincome group 2012 2012

58.6 59.5 1,300 24.7 25.1 643 7.7 10.7 7.8 30,880 34,640 38,412 0.9 –0.7 1.0 2.2 2.0 1.4 26.5 24.2 24.5 17.8 15.6 15.0 71.3 73.8 74.0 2.0 3.0 0.8 0.8 25.9 30.2 30.4 25.9 29.1 30.2 Business environment .. 65 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 13 6 17 Time to start a business (days) 9 6 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 340 269 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 20 19 12 Time to export (days) 1.8 1.8 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 20.3 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 84.1 75.6 New businesses registered (thousands) 2.2 1.9 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 1.1 0.3 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 20.9 17.9 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 112.8 131.1 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 54.0 94.1 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 4.6 5.4 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 7.0 13.7 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 89.0 124.4 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 3.4 3.4 Real interest rate (%) 4.9 .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 306 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 446 100.0 .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 5,669 5,393 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 121.9 159.8 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 35.0 58.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

111

Jamaica Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

112

2014

2.6 1.2 10.9 .. .. 5.9 25.0 8.8 69.0 15.3 63.2 35.3 55.2 .. 8 6 414 19 1.1 .. 1.7 1.0 6.3 4.9 .. 37.0 6.9 16.4 1,365 5.8 26.7 .. 121.1 40.4 9.3 6.8 21.0 5.3 9.9 22 73.3 2,484 .. 73.9 12.8

2.7 1.2 13.7 5,130 –1.0 6.7 20.8 9.2 72.5 6.9 89.0 30.4 53.0 94 6 5 368 20 1.1 26.4 1.9 1.1 1.7 14.3 66.4 44.2 20.5 16.5

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

15 80,963 1.6 2.8 19.7 31.6 .. 20.5 .. 39.6 .. .. 29.0 10.6 14.1

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

17 .. 1,553 2.5 96.3 46.5

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Japan High income Highincome group 2012 2012

127.8 127.6 1,300 66.6 65.3 643 4.4 4.3 7.8 39,140 47,870 38,412 1.3 0.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.4 28.1 26.2 24.5 19.9 18.6 15.0 70.7 72.7 74.0 –0.3 0.0 110.2 79.8 14.3 14.7 30.4 12.9 16.6 30.2 Business environment .. 27 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 30 22 17 Time to start a business (days) 11 8 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 315 330 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 11 11 12 Time to export (days) 0.6 0.6 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 27.2 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 80.0 91.8 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.9 1.2 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 0.1 0.0 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 22.3 21.2 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 144.3 195.8 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 191.3 223.1 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 4.8 4.8 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 1.8 2.4 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 192.9 176.7 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 3.0 2.3 Real interest rate (%) 1.4 0.9 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 875 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 652 .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 8,213 7,848 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 76.0 110.9 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 66.9 79.1 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

113

Jordan Middle East & North Africa

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

114

2014

5.4 1.4 14.9 2,490 6.3 3.1 28.6 17.9 68.3 3.5 0.7 52.8 94.4 .. 16 10 136 28 3.0 .. 1.8 0.6 6.7 0.9 .. 8.6 47.1 15.5 1,758 15.8 30.6 24.5 80.0 116.2 8.2 6.6 88.1 5.5 4.7 20 100.0 1,682 0.9 59.9 12.9

6.3 1.7 12.2 4,670 5.2 3.1 30.1 18.8 66.8 4.8 0.7 43.9 74.3 119 12 7 151 13 3.0 12.8 3.9 1.0 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

669 80,963 4.8 2.8 26.0 31.6 23.4 20.5 66.8 95.6 13.3 7.7 72.9 4.1 5.0

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

38 100.0 2,289 .. 128.2 41.0

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Kazakhstan Europe & Central Asia

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

15.1 7.9 8.1 2,930 10.1 6.8 40.1 12.8 53.1 7.6 132.9 53.5 44.7 .. 25 8 271 89 1.5 .. 20.4 2.0 3.2 58.7 .. 33.9 6.7 11.1 1,685 4.5 28.0 23.4 13.2 21.6 9.0 .. 35.7 .. .. 17 91.2 4,012 .. 35.8 3.0

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

16.8 9.0 5.3 9,780 5.7 4.7 39.5 12.1 55.8 5.1 149.1 47.6 30.3 50 12 6 188 81 1.5 15.9 19.6 1.7 5.6 24.7 36.0 16.4 33.5 16.2

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

462 80,963 7.4 2.8 20.8 31.6 16.2 20.5 .. 27.9 14.5 19.4 36.7 .. ..

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

45 88.7 4,893 0.5 185.8 53.3

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

115

Kenya Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

116

2014

35.8 13.3 9.5 520 3.4 27.2 19.1 11.8 53.7 10.3 75.6 28.5 36.0 .. 54 13 372 45 4.5 .. 7.3 0.4 5.1 32.3 .. 22.9 40.5 9.8 1,434 0.1 18.7 16.2 .. 34.2 11.0 20.8 25.9 7.6 7.8 28 14.4 136 5.8 12.9 3.1

43.2 16.7 9.2 860 4.3 29.9 17.4 10.4 52.7 9.4 84.5 27.3 44.5 129 32 10 308 26 4.5 28.2 .. .. 7.4 17.4 59.4 43.6 42.4 21.8

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

666 0.6 20.4 14.3

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 45.9 11.7 4.4 36.6 8.7 8.2

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

83 7.0 155 6.3 71.2 32.1

374 20.6 233

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

Kiribati East Asia & Pacific

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

0.09 .. .. 1,800 2.0 23.7 7.8 5.5 68.5 .. 1.3 14.1 123.0 .. 31 7 120 21 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.7 4.0

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

0.10 .. .. 2,520 1.5 25.3 8.2 5.5 66.5 .. 1.0 11.2 105.9 122 31 7 120 20 .. 23.4 0.0 0.1 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

.. 30,475 –1.0 2.2 .. 26.0 .. 19.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

.. .. .. .. 15.9 10.7

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

117

Korea, Dem. People’s Rep. East Asia & Pacific

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

118

2014

23.8 14.3 4.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2 2.8 810 .. 0.0 0.0

24.8 15.1 4.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

.. .. .. ..

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

1 .. 739 .. 6.9 0.0

374 20.6 233

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

Korea, Rep. High income Highincome group 2012 2012

48.1 50.0 1,300 24.0 25.8 643 3.7 3.2 7.8 16,900 22,670 38,412 4.5 3.4 1.0 3.3 2.6 1.4 37.7 39.1 24.5 27.5 31.1 15.0 59.0 58.2 74.0 2.8 2.2 1,024.1 1,126.5 39.3 56.5 30.4 36.6 53.4 30.2 Business environment .. 7 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 17 6 17 Time to start a business (days) 10 5 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 290 187 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 13 8 12 Time to export (days) 1.5 1.5 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 14.2 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 50.3 74.0 New businesses registered (thousands) 1.4 2.0 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 0.1 .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 21.3 .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 39.9 .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 3.9 .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 17.6 .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 0.7 0.4 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 28.9 26.7 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 105.7 133.8 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 7.0 8.2 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 0.8 0.6 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 122.1 148.0 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 4.9 4.4 Real interest rate (%) 1.9 1.7 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 285 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 221 76.8 80.4 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 7,804 10,162 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 81.5 109.4 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 73.5 84.1 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

119

Kosovo Europe & Central Asia

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

120

2014

1.7 .. .. 2,520 6.4 12.0 20.0 19.3 68.0 –1.4 0.8 14.1 50.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.7 0.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.6 24.0 16.4 .. 26.6 .. .. 18.8 17.8 10.9 .. .. 2,169 .. .. ..

1.8 .. .. 3,600 4.7 14.0 19.5 15.0 66.5 2.5 0.8 18.4 52.8 86 30 6 162 15 2.0 9.1 1.4 1.2 9.8 7.7 64.1 25.3 76.9 7.9

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

446 30,475 4.5 2.2 26.7 26.0 15.7 19.7 .. 39.6 9.6 7.4 36.2 10.2 9.1

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

.. 26.0 2,947 39.1 .. ..

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Kuwait High income Highincome group 2012 2012

2.3 3.3 1,300 1.2 1.7 643 2.0 1.5 7.8 34,160 44,880 38,412 9.0 1.4 1.0 0.5 .. 1.4 51.0 .. 24.5 2.3 .. 15.0 48.5 .. 74.0 4.1 2.8 0.3 0.3 64.0 70.6 30.4 28.3 22.9 30.2 Business environment .. 104 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 35 32 17 Time to start a business (days) 13 12 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 98 98 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 19 16 12 Time to export (days) 4.2 4.2 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 0.0 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 0.3 1.0 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 14.6 15.1 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 22.8 .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 53.0 55.4 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 13.0 12.6 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 4.1 5.2 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 58.5 55.8 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –12.1 –3.7 Real interest rate (%) 4.0 2.9 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 19 30 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 85.0 .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 16,882 16,122 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 60.2 156.9 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 25.9 79.2 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

121

Kyrgyz Republic Europe & Central Asia

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

5.2 2.3 8.1 450 4.1 31.9 22.4 14.4 45.7 4.4 41.0 38.7 57.7

.. 21 9 202 64 4.0 .. 3.2 1.0 5.1 83.8 .. 13.6 14.1 14.7

5.6 2.6 8.4 990 4.2 20.2 26.0 14.4 53.8 2.7 47.0 49.5 99.7 68 8 2 210 63 4.0 6.2 3.4 0.9 11.9 54.5 42.7 18.5 57.0 28.0

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

24.8 41.7

Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 12 31 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 1.7 5.7 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 14.4 28.2 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) 9.6 20.4 Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) .. .. Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 8.2 .. Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 21.3 18.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 3.6 7.2 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 8.0 .. Real interest rate (%) 18.2 5.0 Interest rate spread (percentage points) 20.8 7.5 Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 5 8 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 1,540 1,642 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) .. 0.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 10.7 124.2 Individuals using the Internet (%) 10.5 21.7

122

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7 11.2

374 20.6 233 47.2 6.2

Lao PDR East Asia & Pacific

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

5.8 6.6 2,507 2.7 3.3 1,003 1.4 1.3 5.2 450 1,270 1,893 6.2 8.0 6.0 36.2 28.0 17.3 24.6 36.2 31.6 9.9 8.4 15.5 39.2 35.8 51.2 7.2 4.3 10,655.2 7,981.6 34.2 36.2 28.5 46.5 48.4 33.2 Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. 159 Time to start a business (days) 153 92 26 Procedures to start a business (number) 7 6 7 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 672 362 324 Time to export (days) 55 23 24 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. .. 3.0 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. 20.5 15.4 New businesses registered (thousands) .. 0.4 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) .. 0.1 1.1 Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 4.5 5.8 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) 34.5 23.1 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. 41.6 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 14.1 20.0 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 58.8 28.7 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) 3.3 11.5 Private sector investment 501 30,475 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 1,339 1.0 3.1 2.2 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 23.1 31.9 26.0 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 14.5 22.8 19.7 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. .. Government debt (% of GDP) 15.8 29.2 49.0 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 10.7 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 7.4 20.8 42.1 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 16.7 11.4 Real interest rate (%) 22.1 19.6 7.5 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 9 16 2,287 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 13.4 13.7 36.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. 734 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 2.6 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 11.4 64.7 83.1 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 0.9 10.7 18.7 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

123

Latvia High income Highincome group 2012 2012

124

2014

2.2 2.0 1,300 1.1 1.0 643 8.9 14.9 7.8 7,000 14,060 38,412 8.0 –1.1 1.0 4.0 4.1 1.4 21.6 21.8 24.5 12.6 12.2 15.0 74.5 74.1 74.0 6.7 2.3 0.6 0.5 47.8 58.8 30.4 62.2 62.7 30.2 .. 24 16 13 17 5 4 6 320 264 166 13 10 12 3.0 1.5 2.0 .. 4.9 13.7 8.8 15.8 5.6 11.6 7.5 3.2 9.7 30.0 4.4 .. 41.7 27.9 37.3 23.5 93.2 9.5 18.2 .. .. .. 5.1 3.8 1.8 30.6 22.2 19.3 30.6 21.6 .. .. 41.1 67.6 34.4 36.2 108.2 7.6 11.2 7.9 0.5 8.7 3.3 68.2 67.6 150.5 –3.7 1.9 3.3 5.2 .. 23 47 20,757 .. .. 83.7 2,777 3,264 8,896 .. 0.3 84.0 112.1 122.9 46.0 74.0 75.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Lebanon Middle East & North Africa

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

4.0 4.4 2,391 1.3 1.6 1,251 8.0 8.9 5.8 5,800 9,190 6,969 4.0 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.1 7.8 21.3 20.5 37.7 12.7 8.5 23.5 72.4 73.4 54.4 .. 4.0 1,507.5 1,507.5 21.4 28.7 30.3 42.6 49.2 29.7 Business environment .. 111 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 46 9 30 Time to start a business (days) 6 5 7 Procedures to start a business (number) 180 180 327 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 25 22 20 Time to export (days) 3.0 3.0 2.6 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 6.1 17.5 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 3.0 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 12.0 8.9 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 23.7 19.2 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 53.5 23.8 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 71.6 117.6 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 20.9 17.9 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 291 .. 80,963 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 12.0 8.6 2.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 22.2 29.4 31.6 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 19.5 27.0 20.5 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. .. Government debt (% of GDP) 217.4 235.0 48.4 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 7.5 7.6 10.4 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 16.4 3.8 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 68.5 92.2 92.4 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 11.4 1.5 Real interest rate (%) 2.5 1.5 5.9 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 12 22 6,886 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. .. 67.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 2,835 3,499 2,932 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 24.9 80.8 92.4 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 10.1 61.2 41.6 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

125

Lesotho Sub-Saharan Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

126

2014

1.9 0.79 36.4 910 2.8 9.0 33.1 19.4 57.9 3.4 6.4 48.9 120.9 .. 93 9 564 44 2.6 .. 0.8 0.8 19.8 .. .. 11.9 .. 8.6 88 5.1 21.1 16.8 .. 25.1 10.2 3.0 8.9 5.1 7.8 .. .. .. .. 13.0 2.6

2.1 0.86 26.5 1,380 5.0 7.4 34.6 12.3 58.0 6.1 8.2 46.5 108.0 136 29 7 324 31 2.6 13.1 1.8 1.5 5.6 9.2 59.6 32.7 13.9 24.7

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

27 30,475 8.1 2.2 31.8 26.0 20.9 19.7 .. 31.6 11.2 2.6 18.8 4.4 7.3

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

.. .. .. 4.1 75.3 4.6

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Liberia Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

3.3 1.1 3.9 120 –1.0 67.0 7.3 7.2 25.7 10.8 57.1 23.8 76.3 .. 68 10 158 20 3.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 70 15.3 13.3 12.2 .. 13.5 .. .. 6.7 6.2 13.6 .. .. .. .. 4.9 0.0 2014

4.2 1.5 3.7 370 11.6 38.8 16.4 3.3 44.7 6.8 73.5 32.4 89.5 144 5 4 151 15 3.0 18.3 .. .. 7.5 54.4 66.2 10.1 .. 2.4

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

.. 78.1 25.4 17.8

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

32.7 29.0 .. .. 16.0 9.0 10.0

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

.. .. .. 1.7 57.1 3.8

374 20.6 233

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

127

Libya Middle East & North Africa

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

128

2014

5.6 6.2 2,391 2.1 2.3 1,251 9.1 8.9 5.8 6,660 12,930 6,969 4.7 4.5 6.2 2.3 .. 7.8 75.5 .. 37.7 4.7 .. 23.5 22.2 .. 54.4 2.7 6.1 1.4 1.3 66.4 .. 30.3 28.3 .. 29.7 .. 187 .. 35 30 .. 10 7 .. 889 327 .. 23 20 .. .. 2.6 .. 20.8 17.5 .. .. .. .. 3.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 80,963 2.4 2.2 2.8 15.8 .. 31.6 1.7 .. 20.5 .. .. .. 19.7 45.5 48.4 .. .. 10.4 .. .. 3.6 7.7 10.9 92.4 –14.8 57.8 4.0 3.5 5.9 13 14 6,886 .. .. 67.0 3,553 3,926 2,932 .. .. 35.7 155.8 92.4 3.9 14.0 41.6

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Liechtenstein High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.03 0.04 1,300 .. .. 643 .. .. 7.8 92,660 136,770 38,412 0.5 3.0 1.0 .. .. 1.4 .. .. 24.5 .. .. 15.0 .. .. 74.0 .. .. 1.2 1.1 .. .. 30.4 .. .. 30.2 Business environment .. .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. .. 17 Time to start a business (days) .. .. 6 Procedures to start a business (number) .. .. 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) .. .. 12 Time to export (days) .. .. 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. .. 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. 0.6 New businesses registered (thousands) .. 25.1 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) .. .. 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) .. .. 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) .. .. 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) .. .. 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. .. Real interest rate (%) .. .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. .. 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 79.2 97.4 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 63.4 89.4 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

129

Lithuania High income Highincome group 2012 2012

130

2014

3.3 3.0 1,300 1.6 1.5 643 8.3 13.2 7.8 7,590 13,820 38,412 8.0 0.8 1.0 4.8 3.5 1.4 32.9 28.2 24.5 20.8 16.4 15.0 62.3 68.3 74.0 2.6 3.1 2.8 2.7 57.5 77.5 30.4 64.6 79.0 30.2 .. 17 26 7 17 8 4 6 166 175 166 10 10 12 1.7 1.9 2.0 .. 6.0 13.7 4.5 9.7 1.9 4.7 7.5 4.5 9.3 35.4 3.4 .. 50.1 21.8 47.4 37.5 63.0 17.5 15.6 1,507 13 .. 4.6 1.4 1.8 22.8 17.5 19.3 19.1 .. .. 21.4 49.4 67.6 32.1 37.8 108.2 7.6 12.3 7.9 1.0 14.8 3.3 40.9 51.0 150.5 –1.3 3.9 2.9 4.3 .. 12 5 20,757 28.2 30.1 83.7 3,187 3,530 8,896 .. 0.3 132.5 165.1 122.9 36.2 68.0 75.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Luxembourg High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.47 0.53 1,300 0.21 0.25 643 4.5 5.1 7.8 69,180 71,640 38,412 3.5 0.9 1.0 0.4 0.3 1.4 17.4 12.9 24.5 8.8 5.3 15.0 82.2 86.7 74.0 2.5 2.7 0.8 0.8 155.8 177.3 30.4 130.3 148.2 30.2 Business environment .. 60 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 26 19 17 Time to start a business (days) 6 6 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 59 55 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 8 8 12 Time to export (days) 2.0 2.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 4.1 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 1.8 7.6 New businesses registered (thousands) 5.6 21.0 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 17.4 50.5 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 20.4 19.3 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 3.6 20.5 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 362.7 330.2 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 5.0 6.3 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 0.1 0.1 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 129.1 171.2 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. .. Real interest rate (%) .. .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 42 36 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 100.0 .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 15,642 15,530 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 111.4 145.4 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 70.0 92.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

131

Macao SAR, China High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.47 0.56 1,300 0.26 0.35 643 4.2 2.0 7.8 24,080 55,720 38,412 12.8 12.6 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 15.2 6.4 24.5 4.3 0.7 15.0 84.8 93.6 74.0 4.4 6.1 8.0 8.0 94.6 108.3 30.4 62.3 49.7 30.2 Business environment .. .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. .. 17 Time to start a business (days) .. .. 6 Procedures to start a business (number) .. .. 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) .. .. 12 Time to export (days) .. .. 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. .. 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 15.0 9.8 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 25.8 13.4 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 140.5 105.5 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 45.3 57.1 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 1.2 –1.9 Real interest rate (%) 5.5 5.2 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 24 16 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 100.0 100.0 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 113.8 289.8 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 34.9 64.3 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

132

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Macedonia, FYR Europe & Central Asia

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2.1 0.89 37.3 2,830 1.9 12.3 28.2 17.4 59.5 0.2 49.3 44.1 61.1 .. 48 13 192 17 2.0 .. 8.0 5.5 9.7 32.8 .. 17.7 8.5 14.1 707 2.4 16.6 10.6 .. 31.4 13.3 11.2 24.4 8.1 6.9 2 64.4 3,326 .. 54.1 26.5

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

2.1 0.96 31.0 4,620 2.9 11.5 26.0 13.5 62.6 3.3 47.9 53.2 75.5 25 2 2 119 12 1.8 6.3 5.4 3.6 14.5 8.1 73.9 47.0 27.6 21.5

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

16 80,963 2.9 2.8 21.2 31.6 13.6 20.5 .. 53.1 11.2 10.1 47.6 8.5 3.4

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

1 58.3 3,881 0.8 106.2 63.1

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

133

Madagascar Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

18.3 22.3 8.7 11.3 2.6 3.6 290 430 2.0 2.3 28.3 29.1 15.8 16.0 14.0 14.1 55.9 54.9 18.5 6.4 2,003.0 2,195.0 28.2 26.1 45.6 37.1 Business environment .. 148 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 38 8 Time to start a business (days) 11 2 Procedures to start a business (number) 400 183 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 49 22 Time to export (days) 2.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 14.0 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. 0.6 New businesses registered (thousands) .. 0.1 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 20.8 17.1 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. 6.8 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 62.3 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 18.5 12.2 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. 92.1 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 6.6 8.7 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 74 88 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 1.7 9.0 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 22.2 32.6 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 13.5 29.4 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. Government debt (% of GDP) 14.2 17.5 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 6.7 .. Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 19.6 .. Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 9.9 11.0 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 7.4 51.2 Real interest rate (%) 8.3 49.5 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 18 12 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. 16.3 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 11.4 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 2.8 39.4 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 0.6 2.1 Individuals using the Internet (%)

134

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2 .. 37.9 .. .. 30.7 11.2 374 20.6 233 47.2 6.2

Malawi Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

12.9 5.8 7.9 220 2.5 33.1 17.3 9.3 49.6 15.4 118.4 24.0 52.2 .. 39 10 370 45 2.6 .. 0.4 0.1 5.8 15.3 .. 20.6 98.5 17.2 36 5.1 20.2 13.0 .. 12.9 .. .. 7.9 19.9 22.2 5 45.0 .. 6.4 3.3 0.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

15.9 7.2 7.6 320 3.6 30.2 19.3 11.9 50.5 21.3 249.1 29.6 39.5 171 40 10 175 34 2.6 20.7 0.6 0.1 3.5 11.4 77.8 20.6 59.2 17.9

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

56 3.0 13.5 6.6

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 31.2 .. .. 20.6 11.7 21.3

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

2 .. .. 0.8 29.2 4.4

374 20.6 233

11.2

47.2 6.2

135

Malaysia East Asia & Pacific

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

25.8 11.0 3.5 5,240 5.1 8.3 46.4 27.5 45.4 3.0 3.8 112.9 91.0 Business environment .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 37 Time to start a business (days) 10 Procedures to start a business (number) 190 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 13 Time to export (days) 2.3 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 37.7 New businesses registered (thousands) 2.2 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 7.8 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 48.6 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 10.7 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 54.0 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 20,698 2.7 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 22.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 12.2 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 42.1 Government debt (% of GDP) 109.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 7.6 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 9.4 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 106.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –2.7 Real interest rate (%) 3.0 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 176 78.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 2,857 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 75.6 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 48.6 Individuals using the Internet (%)

136

2014

29.2 12.7 3.1 9,820 4.4 10.1 40.8 24.2 49.1 1.7 3.1 87.1 75.3 6 6 3 133 11 1.5 19.3 45.4 2.3 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

5,185 80,963 3.2 2.8 25.7 31.6 14.9 20.5 53.3 131.9 9.4 2.0 117.8 4.0 1.8

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

344 80.9 4,246 .. 141.3 65.8

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Maldives South Asia

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

0.30 0.12 13.4 3,420 7.1 7.8 15.3 6.5 76.8 3.5 12.8 48.8 87.5 .. 9 5 0 21 1.5 .. 0.7 3.9 .. .. .. .. .. .. 40 5.3 40.4 .. 39.8 43.9 .. .. 45.5 11.8 6.5 5 100.0 .. .. 68.4 6.9

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

0.34 0.16 11.3 5,750 7.0 4.0 21.4 6.7 74.6 13.1 15.4 105.8 106.8 95 9 5 413 21 1.5 11.7 0.9 4.4 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

5 80,963 12.8 2.8 .. 31.6 .. 20.5 73.8 52.4 .. .. 45.6 5.2 6.8

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

5 .. .. .. 165.6 38.9

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

137

Mali Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

138

2014

11.9 3.5 8.5 440 5.9 36.6 24.2 3.2 39.3 6.4 527.5 25.6 37.3 .. 41 12 270 44 3.6 .. .. .. 2.4 31.1 72.8 7.0 48.4 8.6 504 3.3 22.6 15.0 .. 17.7 .. .. 17.2 .. .. .. 19.0 .. 3.0 6.4 0.5

14.9 5.2 8.1 660 4.4 42.1 22.6 .. 35.3 5.4 510.5 31.1 37.6 155 11 5 270 26 3.6 9.6 .. .. 2.0 20.2 75.4 29.3 32.9 24.8

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

89 3.0 16.2 13.0

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 22.6 .. .. 20.7 .. ..

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

3 24.6 .. 2.7 98.4 2.2

374 20.6 233

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

Malta High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.40 0.42 1,300 0.16 0.19 643 7.3 6.4 7.8 14,380 19,710 38,412 0.8 1.9 1.0 2.6 1.9 1.4 37.8 32.7 24.5 16.1 13.4 15.0 59.5 65.4 74.0 3.0 2.4 0.8 0.8 76.8 95.1 30.4 79.9 90.4 30.2 Business environment .. 103 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. 40 17 Time to start a business (days) .. 11 6 Procedures to start a business (number) .. 139 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) .. 11 12 Time to export (days) .. 3.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 29.7 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 2.4 4.0 New businesses registered (thousands) 8.6 13.6 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 11.6 6.9 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 22.0 14.6 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 193.5 87.3 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 137.1 150.7 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 7.0 7.0 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 9.0 8.2 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 106.1 127.9 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 2.9 2.3 Real interest rate (%) 2.8 .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 15 14 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 87.5 .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 4,913 4,689 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 78.1 127.0 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 41.2 70.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

139

Marshall Islands East Asia & Pacific

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

140

2014

0.05 .. .. 3,560 1.8 .. .. .. .. .. 1.0 .. .. .. 17 5 128 23 2.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 215.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3 .. .. .. 1.3 3.9

0.05 .. .. 4,040 1.2 .. .. .. .. .. 1.0 .. .. 114 17 5 128 23 2.0 0.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

.. 80,963 21.0 2.8 .. 31.6 .. 20.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

3 .. .. .. .. 10.0

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Mauritania Sub-Saharan Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

3.1 0.96 32.1 690 4.5 30.5 33.2 10.0 36.3 12.1 265.5 30.7 82.5 .. 82 11 696 40 .. .. .. .. 5.8 48.2 65.2 3.2 7.5 5.9 92 37.3 59.0 52.1 .. 18.1 .. .. 24.7 12.3 15.1 2 30.3 .. 3.3 23.7 0.7

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

3.8 1.2 31.0 1,110 4.2 17.0 46.1 3.7 36.9 4.9 296.6 58.0 94.3 173 19 9 696 31 .. 0.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

.. 30,475 28.7 2.2 38.9 26.0 30.9 19.7 .. 23.9 .. .. 28.8 21.4 11.2

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

3 34.6 .. .. 106.0 5.4

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

141

Mauritius Sub-Saharan Africa

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

142

2014

1.2 0.55 9.6 5,360 3.3 6.0 27.6 19.8 66.4 4.9 29.5 59.9 65.9 .. 46 6 161 13 1.7 .. 6.3 7.3 9.6 .. .. 48.4 .. 28.4 393 0.7 21.4 15.1 .. 94.4 .. 3.0 75.3 16.1 13.8 15 100.0 .. .. 54.2 15.2

1.3 0.60 7.9 8,570 4.3 3.5 24.7 16.7 71.9 3.9 32.8 54.8 66.7 20 6 5 152 10 1.7 10.6 6.8 7.4 9.4 0.3 51.0 37.5 18.6 11.1

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

24 80,963 3.4 2.8 23.0 31.6 17.5 20.5 37.2 93.4 8.5 3.6 100.8 5.3 2.4

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

12 98.1 .. 1.2 119.9 41.4

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Mexico Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

110.7 44.8 3.5 7,710 1.7 3.4 35.5 17.2 61.2 4.0 10.9 26.4 27.9 Business environment .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 58 Time to start a business (days) 9 Procedures to start a business (number) 552 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 13 Time to export (days) 1.8 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 40.4 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.6 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 20.5 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 9.6 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) 69.7 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 2.6 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 8.3 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 20.3 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 29,001 2.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 21.2 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 16.6 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. Government debt (% of GDP) 21.1 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 8.8 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 1.5 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 16.1 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 4.2 Real interest rate (%) 6.2 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 331 34.5 Paved roads (% of total roads) 1,853 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 0.8 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 42.6 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 17.2 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

120.8 52.8 4.9 9,640 1.9 3.6 35.7 17.4 60.7 4.1 13.2 32.9 34.5 53 6 6 334 11 1.8 24.1 68.7 0.9 13.6 10.4 70.3 16.2 17.1 24.0

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

5,607 80,963 1.3 2.8 22.6 31.6 17.2 20.5 .. 27.2 10.6 2.4 27.7 1.1 3.6

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

411 37.8 2,092 1.6 83.4 38.4

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

143

Micronesia, Fed. Sts. East Asia & Pacific

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

144

2014

0.11 .. .. 2,550 0.4 24.4 5.7 0.6 69.9 .. 1.0 .. .. .. 16 7 128 30 5.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.0 .. .. .. 39.7 .. .. 19.8 14.0 14.8 .. .. .. .. 13.3 11.9

0.10 .. .. 3,230 0.2 28.2 9.2 0.5 62.6 .. 1.0 .. .. 156 16 7 128 30 5.3 0.0 .. .. 12.4 0.0 41.1 7.2 67.1 6.0

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

.. 30,475 0.2 2.2 .. 26.0 .. 19.7 .. 41.3 .. .. 19.4 9.2 13.9

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

.. .. .. 4.8 30.2 26.0

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Moldova Europe & Central Asia

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

3.6 1.4 7.3 890 7.1 19.5 16.3 15.9 64.1 11.8 12.6 51.1 91.7

.. 30 10 234 32 2.8 .. 4.6 1.8 3.7 45.2 .. 27.0 30.4 7.2

3.6 1.2 5.6 2,070 3.1 13.1 16.8 13.6 70.1 4.7 12.1 43.6 84.2 78 7 6 181 32 2.8 9.6 4.2 1.6 7.0 15.5 46.5 30.8 24.3 9.1

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2 28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 171 .. 30,475 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 6.4 2.5 2.2 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 24.6 23.4 26.0 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) 22.6 21.2 19.7 Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) 32.4 24.4 .. Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 29.9 41.3 49.0 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 16.7 17.2 10.7 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 4.4 14.5 3.6 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 23.6 38.1 42.1 Real interest rate (%) 9.1 5.5 Interest rate spread (percentage points) 6.0 5.8 7.5 Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 4 7 2,287 Paved roads (% of total roads) 86.3 86.2 36.0 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 2,048 1,470 734 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) .. 0.6 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 28.9 102.0 83.1 Individuals using the Internet (%) 14.6 43.4 18.7 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

145

Monaco High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.03 .. .. 128,380 1.7 .. .. .. .. .. 0.8 .. .. Business environment .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. Time to start a business (days) .. Procedures to start a business (number) .. Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) .. Time to export (days) .. Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) .. Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) .. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. Government debt (% of GDP) .. Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) .. Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. Real interest rate (%) .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 12 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 100.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 50.8 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 55.5 Individuals using the Internet (%)

146

2014

0.04 1,300 .. 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. 0.8 .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

11 20,757 100.0 83.7 .. 8,896 .. 88.3 122.9 87.0 75.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Mongolia East Asia & Pacific

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

2.5 2.8 2,507 1.1 1.3 1,003 7.4 5.2 5.2 900 3,160 1,893 6.7 8.0 6.0 22.1 17.1 17.3 36.2 32.9 31.6 6.4 7.2 15.5 41.7 50.0 51.2 12.7 15.0 1,205.3 1,357.6 58.8 50.9 28.5 63.6 76.9 33.2 Business environment .. 76 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 13 11 26 Time to start a business (days) 7 5 7 Procedures to start a business (number) 204 192 324 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 49 49 24 Time to export (days) 4.0 4.0 3.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 10.2 15.4 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 1.1 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 6.0 12.1 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. 20.8 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 43.0 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 42.3 26.5 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 6.7 20.0 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 20.5 16.7 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 22 120 30,475 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 7.3 43.3 2.2 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 27.9 51.7 26.0 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 25.8 42.9 19.7 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 50.5 59.5 .. Government debt (% of GDP) 32.2 49.3 49.0 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 10.7 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 27.6 52.3 42.1 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 8.7 5.5 Real interest rate (%) 17.6 6.8 7.5 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 5 10 2,287 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 3.5 .. 36.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 1,289 1,577 734 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 1.4 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 22.1 120.7 83.1 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 9.0 16.4 18.7 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

147

Montenegro Europe & Central Asia

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

148

2014

0.62 0.25 30.3 3,650 2.8 10.5 20.7 9.8 68.8 2.9 0.8 46.8 64.3 .. 24 13 372 14 2.0 .. 2.0 4.8 12.7 .. .. 18.6 .. 12.0 248 25.6 18.0 13.3 .. 22.4 15.3 18.5 18.0 2.0 6.1 6 63.9 6,299 .. 88.2 27.1

0.62 0.25 19.6 7,220 3.1 10.1 20.1 6.0 69.8 3.2 0.7 42.4 66.1 44 10 6 320 14 1.4 7.2 4.5 10.7 6.8 3.4 27.3 75.8 30.9 13.0

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

26 80,963 14.1 2.8 16.9 31.6 12.7 20.5 .. 49.5 10.3 17.6 53.5 7.6 6.3

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

.. 70.4 5,747 3.8 181.3 56.8

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Morocco Middle East & North Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

30.1 10.9 11.0 1,980 5.0 14.7 28.2 16.3 57.1 1.0 8.9 32.3 37.9 .. 12 6 358 17 1.8 .. 11.3 0.6 9.2 10.7 47.7 26.5 18.8 22.3 7,389 2.8 27.5 23.8 57.3 70.9 7.7 15.7 46.1 9.9 8.0 49 61.9 641 0.8 41.1 15.1

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

32.5 11.8 9.0 2,960 4.7 14.6 29.6 15.2 55.8 1.3 8.6 36.2 50.4 87 11 5 232 11 1.8 25.2 26.2 1.3 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

4,125 30,475 3.0 2.2 31.4 26.0 25.8 19.7 59.6 90.3 8.5 5.0 73.3 .. ..

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

62 70.6 826 .. 120.0 55.0

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

149

Mozambique Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

150

2014

21.0 9.9 7.5 290 8.5 26.4 24.8 15.1 48.9 7.2 23.1 31.7 43.9 .. 153 14 230 28 5.0 .. .. .. 3.3 9.8 75.5 10.5 12.7 18.7 1,663 1.9 18.7 10.1 .. 23.6 6.6 3.5 11.8 10.1 11.7 10 .. 440 1.6 7.2 0.9

25.2 11.6 7.5 510 6.9 30.3 22.9 13.5 46.8 2.1 28.4 29.8 71.3 139 13 9 230 21 5.0 30.9 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

72 36.8 48.3 35.8

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 40.9 9.5 3.2 26.2 13.4 5.4

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

13 20.8 447 .. 36.2 4.8

374 20.6 233

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

Myanmar East Asia & Pacific

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

50.2 28.0 4.0 .. 12.8 48.4 16.2 11.6 35.4 9.4 .. 0.2 0.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 11.7 .. .. 8.1 .. .. 4.7 11.1 5.5 26 48.1 73 .. 0.3 0.1 2014

52.8 31.0 4.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.5 .. .. .. 182 72 11 155 25 5.0 26.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

.. .. .. ..

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. .. .. .. .. .. 5.0

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

32 45.7 110 .. 10.3 1.1

374 20.6 233

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

151

Namibia Sub-Saharan Africa

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

152

2014

2.0 0.75 20.2 3,390 5.4 11.3 29.2 13.6 59.5 2.3 6.4 40.5 40.3 .. 95 10 339 25 2.5 .. 0.7 0.6 2.9 2.6 33.1 8.1 9.2 17.6 36 5.4 18.6 16.2 .. 36.1 7.8 2.0 51.8 4.8 4.4 6 13.0 1,453 0.4 22.1 4.0

2.3 0.84 16.7 5,610 4.1 9.6 30.9 12.3 59.4 6.5 8.2 42.6 52.5 98 66 10 314 25 2.5 17.7 1.2 0.9 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

36 80,963 2.7 2.8 21.9 31.6 14.5 20.5 34.9 55.6 8.0 1.3 48.4 -2.6 4.4

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

12 14.5 1,549 .. 95.0 12.9

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Nepal South Asia

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

25.3 13.0 2.5 320 3.3 36.3 17.7 8.2 46.0 6.8 72.5 14.6 29.5 .. 31 7 408 43 5.0 .. 5.5 0.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. 166 0.0 19.9 17.0 51.8 41.7 .. .. 28.7 1.9 5.9 6 56.1 78 .. 0.9 0.8 2014

27.5 14.8 2.7 700 4.5 37.0 15.4 6.5 47.6 9.5 81.0 10.0 33.4 105 17 7 326 42 5.0 17.2 10.7 0.7 1.4 10.4 55.7 17.0 21.3 8.2

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

274 0.5 20.0 15.4

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

33.9 65.3 .. .. 55.8 –6.2 4.4

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

35 .. 106 8.7 59.6 11.1

374 20.6 233

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

153

Netherlands High income Highincome group 2012 2012

16.3 16.8 1,300 8.6 9.0 643 4.7 5.3 7.8 39,880 48,000 38,412 1.2 0.7 1.0 1.9 1.7 1.4 24.1 24.3 24.5 13.5 12.6 15.0 73.9 74.0 74.0 1.7 2.4 0.8 0.8 69.6 88.0 30.4 61.1 79.6 30.2 Business environment .. 28 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 9 4 17 Time to start a business (days) 7 4 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 250 123 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 7 7 12 Time to export (days) 1.1 1.1 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 20.8 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 46.5 49.4 New businesses registered (thousands) 4.2 4.4 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 6.9 0.9 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 18.9 17.0 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 51.5 72.6 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 112.9 135.9 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 3.0 4.7 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 2.0 3.1 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 165.0 200.3 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 0.3 0.3 Real interest rate (%) 0.4 –1.1 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 260 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 241 .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 6,988 7,036 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 97.1 118.0 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 81.0 93.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

154

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

New Caledonia High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.23 0.10 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 58.7 32.4 2014

0.26 1,300 0.11 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. .. .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. 91.2 122.9 58.0 75.4

155

New Zealand High income Highincome group 2012 2012

4.1 4.4 1,300 2.2 2.4 643 3.8 6.9 7.8 25,150 36,900 38,412 4.0 1.2 1.0 4.9 6.6 1.4 25.9 24.1 24.5 15.7 12.4 15.0 69.1 69.3 74.0 3.0 0.9 1.4 1.2 27.4 28.6 30.4 29.5 29.0 30.2 Business environment .. 3 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 12 1 17 Time to start a business (days) 2 1 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 172 152 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 10 10 12 Time to export (days) 1.3 1.3 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 29.9 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 64.8 44.2 New businesses registered (thousands) 23.6 15.1 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 1.5 1.3 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 23.9 18.8 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 44.5 69.1 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 77.5 92.8 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 5.3 7.2 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 0.3 1.4 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 121.6 145.4 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 5.6 6.7 Real interest rate (%) 1.1 1.7 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 212 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 209 64.5 66.2 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 9,674 9,399 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 85.4 110.4 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 62.7 89.5 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

156

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Nicaragua Latin America & Caribbean

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

5.5 2.1 5.6 1,160 3.1 17.7 23.1 14.9 59.2 9.6 16.7 24.4 47.3 .. 39 8 240 38 2.2 .. .. .. 9.3 2.6 73.4 13.0 62.7 18.7 449 3.8 25.8 20.7 .. 27.9 7.3 12.6 22.6 2.0 8.1 .. 12.7 411 9.3 20.5 2.6

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

6.0 2.5 7.7 1,650 3.2 20.0 26.7 16.4 53.3 7.2 23.5 44.0 61.7 124 36 7 207 21 2.2 23.0 .. .. 20.2 4.2 62.6 21.9 24.7 15.5

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

158 30,475 7.7 2.2 25.4 26.0 20.2 19.7 .. 29.2 .. .. 26.9 2.9 11.0

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

.. 13.3 522 4.9 86.1 13.5

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

157

Niger Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

158

2014

13.2 4.3 5.0 250 3.7 24.7 15.4 6.1 59.9 7.8 527.5 16.6 30.8 .. 35 13 270 59 5.0 .. 0.0 0.0 11.4 17.1 .. 14.6 20.6 4.8 89 1.5 21.4 14.5 .. 7.7 .. .. 6.8 .. .. .. 20.6 .. 20.7 2.5 0.2

17.2 5.6 5.1 390 5.2 38.2 20.4 6.0 41.5 0.5 510.5 24.8 43.7 176 17 6 270 57 5.0 21.5 0.0 0.0 22.9 13.7 86.0 9.3 37.1 4.6

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

86 11.7 33.8 23.7

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 13.1 .. .. 14.5 .. ..

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

.. .. .. 18.5 31.4 1.4

374 20.6 233

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

Nigeria Sub-Saharan Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

139.6 43.3 7.6 630 6.6 32.8 43.5 2.8 23.7 17.9 131.3 31.7 19.1 Business environment .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 35 Time to start a business (days) 9 Procedures to start a business (number) 1,120 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 41 Time to export (days) 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 29.0 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.4 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 6.1 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 22.9 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) 60.1 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 2.7 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 7.5 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 8.5 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 10,950 4.4 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 5.5 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 28.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 13.9 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 16.0 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 9.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 13.2 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –1.5 Real interest rate (%) 7.4 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 10 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 15.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 129 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 25.2 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 13.3 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 3.5 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

168.8 52.6 7.5 1,440 6.9 33.1 40.6 1.9 26.3 12.2 156.8 55.4 22.8 147 28 8 956 22 2.0 22.3 81.1 0.9 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

2,129 30,475 2.7 2.2 8.2 26.0 .. 19.7 18.4 32.9 10.7 3.5 20.9 14.9 8.4

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

66 .. 149 .. 66.8 32.9

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

159

Northern Mariana Islands High income Highincome group 2012 2012

160

2014

0.06 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 31.0 ..

0.05 1,300 .. 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. .. .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. ..

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

.. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. .. 122.9 .. 75.4

Norway High income Highincome group 2012 2012

4.6 5.0 1,300 2.4 2.7 643 4.6 3.2 7.8 62,760 98,780 38,412 2.1 0.8 1.0 1.6 1.2 1.4 42.8 42.0 24.5 9.0 7.2 15.0 55.6 56.8 74.0 1.5 0.7 6.4 5.8 44.1 40.9 30.4 27.8 27.6 30.2 Business environment .. 9 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 8 7 17 Time to start a business (days) 5 5 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 87 83 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 8 8 12 Time to export (days) 0.9 0.9 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 24.8 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 20.5 25.9 New businesses registered (thousands) 6.8 7.8 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 3.5 4.6 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 19.2 20.7 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 35.9 20.9 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 51.1 .. 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 7.0 6.8 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 0.6 1.5 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 80.9 .. 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –4.5 10.2 Real interest rate (%) 2.2 2.0 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 254 77.5 80.7 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 25,083 23,174 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 102.8 116.7 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 82.0 95.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

161

Oman High income Highincome group 2012 2012

2.5 3.3 1,300 0.91 1.6 643 8.5 8.1 7.8 10,780 19,450 38,412 3.1 5.7 1.0 1.9 .. 1.4 55.1 .. 24.5 8.3 .. 15.0 43.0 .. 74.0 1.9 2.9 0.4 0.4 58.6 62.0 30.4 31.2 32.5 30.2 Business environment .. 47 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 35 8 17 Time to start a business (days) 10 5 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 52 68 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 14 10 12 Time to export (days) 4.0 4.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 10.0 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 1.4 3.2 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.9 1.7 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 31.0 .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 14.7 .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 10.8 .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 5.0 1.9 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) .. .. 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 8.6 5.0 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 26.8 33.1 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 13.9 13.0 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 7.0 2.1 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 30.8 41.2 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –11.1 –0.6 Real interest rate (%) 3.8 3.0 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 32 40 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 39.7 49.3 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 4,084 6,292 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 52.9 159.3 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 6.7 60.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

162

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Pakistan South Asia

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

158.0 51.4 7.1 710 5.0 21.5 27.1 18.6 51.4 9.1 59.4 15.7 19.6 .. 24 11 560 31 2.8 .. 3.9 0.0 1.9 58.8 12.4 9.7 106.3 9.6 7,642 2.0 17.5 13.1 .. 37.9 7.6 9.0 28.6 1.9 6.5 49 63.1 450 31.7 8.1 6.3

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

179.2 63.8 5.1 1,260 3.1 24.4 22.0 14.4 53.6 9.7 89.2 12.3 20.3 110 21 10 577 21 2.8 18.0 4.2 0.0 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

1,525 30,475 0.4 2.2 13.3 26.0 9.6 19.7 .. 30.8 9.0 14.5 16.9 7.5 5.5

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

67 72.6 449 .. 67.1 10.0

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

163

Palau East Asia & Pacific

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

164

2014

0.02 .. .. 8,910 3.2 6.5 16.0 0.8 77.6 .. 1.0 54.4 56.9 .. 24 7 128 29 1.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 30.4 27.0

0.02 .. .. 9,860 –1.9 5.6 8.6 1.1 85.9 .. 1.0 70.4 77.0 100 28 8 142 26 2.0 65.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

.. 80,963 2.0 2.8 .. 31.6 .. 20.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

.. .. .. .. 82.6 ..

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Panama Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

3.4 1.5 9.8 4,460 4.4 7.0 16.6 7.4 76.5 3.2 1.0 75.5 69.1 .. 18 6 560 10 2.5 .. 40.3 18.9 10.3 7.7 40.1 19.2 10.2 14.7 712 7.1 16.8 14.4 .. 73.8 13.1 2.9 87.1 6.8 6.0 30 36.8 1,440 3.1 52.0 11.5

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

3.8 1.8 4.5 8,510 8.7 3.9 17.8 5.3 78.3 5.7 1.0 83.5 78.5 55 6 5 417 10 2.5 11.4 34.5 14.1 33.3 6.4 51.4 1.1 1.8 22.5

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

33 80,963 9.3 2.8 27.8 31.6 .. 20.5 .. 78.0 10.6 2.0 89.6 2.2 4.8

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

83 41.8 1,829 0.6 178.0 45.2

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

165

Papua New Guinea East Asia & Pacific

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

166

2014

6.1 2.7 2.6 680 1.6 37.8 38.9 7.0 23.3 1.8 3.1 72.2 58.9 .. 51 6 207 23 3.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.6 18.1 .. 69.7 30.4 .. .. 14.0 –3.8 10.6 20 .. .. .. 1.2 1.7

7.2 3.2 2.3 1,790 6.9 .. .. .. .. 2.2 2.1 .. .. 113 53 6 207 23 3.0 22.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

.. 30,475 0.2 2.2 .. 26.0 .. 19.7 .. 48.0 .. .. 31.1 7.8 10.3

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

37 .. .. .. 37.8 2.3

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Paraguay Latin America & Caribbean

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

5.9 6.7 2,507 2.7 3.2 1,003 5.8 6.3 5.2 1,210 3,400 1,893 2.2 4.3 6.0 19.6 17.4 17.3 34.8 28.1 31.6 12.9 11.6 15.5 45.7 54.5 51.2 6.8 3.7 6,178.0 4,407.8 57.3 46.6 28.5 46.1 46.9 33.2 Business environment .. 109 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 74 35 26 Time to start a business (days) 17 7 7 Procedures to start a business (number) 328 384 324 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 36 29 24 Time to export (days) 3.9 3.9 3.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 9.6 15.4 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 1.1 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 7.9 20.6 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 24.4 14.6 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) 76.7 75.3 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 8.2 30.1 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 27.2 23.2 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 7.0 15.0 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 199 43 30,475 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 0.1 1.4 2.2 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 16.6 14.7 26.0 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. 19.7 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. .. Government debt (% of GDP) 16.4 26.5 49.0 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 9.9 10.3 10.7 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 6.5 2.1 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 15.1 41.3 42.1 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 18.0 12.0 Real interest rate (%) 28.2 13.2 7.5 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 10 6 2,287 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 14.0 15.6 36.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 848 1,228 734 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 1.8 2.7 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 32.0 101.6 83.1 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 7.9 27.1 18.7 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

167

Peru Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

168

2014

27.7 12.9 5.2 2,700 4.3 7.2 34.3 16.4 58.5 1.6 3.3 25.1 19.2 .. 102 10 424 22 3.1 .. 23.3 1.4 13.5 1.6 64.1 30.9 81.6 14.6 5,415 3.2 18.3 15.5 31.2 22.7 9.2 6.3 18.6 21.9 22.9 61 13.7 834 0.2 20.1 17.1

30.0 16.2 4.0 6,060 6.9 7.0 34.6 14.0 58.4 3.7 2.6 25.6 23.8 42 25 5 293 12 3.1 23.1 74.1 3.8 14.1 8.4 68.6 45.9 33.4 14.2

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

3,689 80,963 6.0 2.8 27.9 31.6 22.7 20.5 18.2 29.8 10.4 3.2 26.7 17.3 16.8

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

106 13.3 1,248 0.6 98.0 38.2

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Philippines East Asia & Pacific

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

85.8 35.0 7.7 1,210 4.7 12.7 33.8 24.1 53.5 6.5 55.1 46.1 51.7 .. 47 17 195 17 5.7 .. 13.5 0.3 6.9 .. .. 21.8 .. 15.8 8,998 1.6 19.9 17.8 73.9 49.1 11.7 7.5 29.1 4.1 4.6 59 .. 580 .. 40.5 5.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

96.7 41.3 7.0 2,500 4.8 11.8 31.1 20.5 57.1 3.2 42.2 30.8 34.0 108 35 15 193 15 2.7 19.6 16.1 0.3 9.1 21.8 37.5 21.9 23.1 15.7

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

2,518 30,475 1.1 2.2 19.4 26.0 16.8 19.7 51.5 51.4 11.7 2.2 33.4 3.7 2.5

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

242 .. 647 0.5 106.5 36.2

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

169

Poland High income Highincome group 2012 2012

170

2014

38.2 38.5 1,300 17.5 18.5 643 17.7 10.1 7.8 7,270 12,660 38,412 3.2 4.2 1.0 4.5 3.5 1.4 30.7 31.6 24.5 18.5 18.5 15.0 64.8 64.8 74.0 2.1 3.6 3.2 3.3 37.1 46.2 30.4 37.8 45.8 30.2 .. 45 31 30 17 10 4 6 418 286 166 17 17 12 3.0 3.0 2.0 .. 14.1 13.7 13.0 14.4 0.5 0.5 7.5 2.9 12.8 30.4 4.8 .. 32.7 33.3 40.7 9.4 83.0 19.6 17.3 .. .. .. 3.6 1.4 1.8 18.2 19.4 19.3 .. .. .. 41.4 .. 67.6 37.3 50.8 108.2 7.8 8.7 7.9 7.4 5.2 3.3 28.9 53.8 150.5 4.1 .. 4.0 .. .. 79 81 20,757 66.5 68.0 83.7 3,437 3,832 8,896 .. 0.5 76.3 140.3 122.9 38.8 65.0 75.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Portugal High income Highincome group 2012 2012

10.5 10.5 1,300 5.5 5.5 643 7.6 15.6 7.8 18,140 20,640 38,412 0.7 –0.2 1.0 2.7 2.3 1.4 25.5 23.6 24.5 14.6 13.9 15.0 71.8 74.1 74.0 2.3 2.8 0.8 0.8 27.7 38.7 30.4 37.1 39.3 30.2 Business environment .. 31 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 54 3 17 Time to start a business (days) 11 3 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 328 275 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 20 15 12 Time to export (days) 2.0 2.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 15.1 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 25.8 25.8 New businesses registered (thousands) 3.7 3.6 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 1.1 .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 52.1 .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 24.4 .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 5.7 .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 12.7 .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 2.3 6.3 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 23.0 16.0 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 70.3 126.2 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 89.7 125.1 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 6.2 6.7 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 2.8 9.8 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 140.7 184.3 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. .. Real interest rate (%) .. .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 154 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 149 .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 4,683 4,848 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 108.9 116.1 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 35.0 64.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

171

Puerto Rico High income Highincome group 2012 2012

3.8 3.7 1,300 1.5 1.2 643 11.5 15.9 7.8 14,120 18,000 38,412 1.5 –1.1 1.0 0.6 0.7 1.4 45.5 50.0 24.5 43.0 48.6 15.0 53.9 49.4 74.0 .. .. 1.0 1.0 79.0 79.0 30.4 62.2 59.4 30.2 Business environment .. 40 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 7 6 17 Time to start a business (days) 7 6 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 140 218 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 15 15 12 Time to export (days) 3.8 2.5 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 15.8 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) .. .. 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 14.4 9.7 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) .. .. 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) .. .. 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. .. Real interest rate (%) .. .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. .. 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 95.0 .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 53.0 82.6 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 23.4 51.4 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

172

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Qatar High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.82 2.1 1,300 0.50 1.5 643 1.2 0.6 7.8 40,320 74,600 38,412 8.7 14.9 1.0 .. .. 1.4 .. .. 24.5 .. .. 15.0 .. .. 74.0 8.8 1.9 3.6 3.6 65.1 74.7 30.4 29.7 28.4 30.2 Business environment .. 48 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 7 9 17 Time to start a business (days) 7 8 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 36 41 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 21 17 12 Time to export (days) 2.8 2.8 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 0.0 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 1.4 3.1 New businesses registered (thousands) 2.2 1.7 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 5.6 0.2 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 34.3 37.5 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 48.5 53.2 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 34.9 36.1 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –18.3 0.9 Real interest rate (%) 3.5 3.7 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 46 128 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 16,290 15,755 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 87.3 126.9 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 24.7 88.1 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

173

Romania Europe & Central Asia

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

174

2014

21.3 9.9 7.2 3,920 6.0 9.5 35.9 .. 54.6 9.0 2.9 33.1 43.2 .. 11 5 190 28 4.6 .. 92.3 6.1 1.1 27.4 .. 31.4 23.6 18.2 5,264 6.9 23.7 .. .. 24.8 10.7 2.6 19.9 6.8 13.2 39 .. 2,365 .. 60.4 21.5

20.1 9.6 7.0 8,560 1.8 6.0 42.3 .. 51.6 3.3 3.5 40.0 45.2 73 9 5 200 13 3.3 10.3 61.5 4.1 9.2 12.1 35.1 37.3 42.0 26.1

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

2,398 80,963 1.2 2.8 26.7 31.6 .. 20.5 .. 32.4 8.0 18.2 45.0 5.9 5.8

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

57 .. 2,639 1.6 105.0 50.0

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Russian Federation High income Highincome group 2012 2012

143.2 143.5 1,300 75.2 77.1 643 7.1 5.5 7.8 4,460 12,700 38,412 6.2 2.9 1.0 5.0 3.9 1.4 38.1 36.0 24.5 18.3 15.2 15.0 57.0 60.1 74.0 12.7 5.1 28.3 31.1 35.2 29.4 30.4 21.5 22.1 30.2 Business environment .. 92 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 29 15 17 Time to start a business (days) 8 7 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 448 177 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 24 22 12 Time to export (days) 2.0 2.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 8.0 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 381.0 442.2 New businesses registered (thousands) 3.7 4.3 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 5.2 14.7 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 59.3 7.3 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 30.2 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 15.8 11.3 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 18.2 120.4 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 11.3 12.6 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 23,827 6,317 2.0 2.5 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 17.8 22.0 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 15.2 19.4 .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 16.7 9.4 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 23.9 41.1 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 12.1 11.8 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 2.4 6.0 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 27.5 48.8 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –7.2 0.6 Real interest rate (%) 6.7 3.6 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 637 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 391 .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 5,785 6,486 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 0.3 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 83.4 182.9 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 15.2 53.3 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

175

Rwanda Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

176

2014

9.4 4.5 0.6 260 7.5 38.4 14.1 7.0 47.6 9.0 557.8 11.4 25.2 .. 18 9 168 60 3.0 .. 0.4 0.1 5.9 4.9 47.1 15.9 18.2 10.8 150 0.3 15.8 7.7 .. 14.2 9.4 29.0 11.2 6.0 8.1 .. 19.0 .. 9.9 2.4 0.6

11.5 5.6 0.6 600 8.1 33.0 15.9 5.9 51.1 6.3 614.3 13.2 33.6 32 2 2 113 26 2.5 21.9 6.7 1.1 5.2 4.5 56.7 23.3 31.4 11.7

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

36 2.2 22.8 10.1

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. .. 23.9 6.0 .. 13.8 9.6

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

10 .. .. 4.0 49.7 8.0

374 20.6 233

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

Samoa East Asia & Pacific

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

0.18 0.05 .. 2,100 4.9 13.2 30.6 15.7 56.2 1.9 2.7 31.9 55.4 .. 35 8 224 25 2.0 .. 0.1 0.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.9 .. .. .. 38.7 .. 10.8 39.1 10.5 7.1 11 .. .. .. 13.3 3.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

0.19 0.05 .. 3,260 0.7 9.9 27.1 8.5 62.9 2.0 2.3 32.1 61.0 61 9 4 224 22 2.0 11.9 0.1 1.0 13.9 19.6 63.6 48.3 9.8 31.4

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

.. 30,475 3.4 2.2 .. 26.0 .. 19.7 .. 40.6 18.8 5.5 46.6 8.1 7.4

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

12 .. .. 4.6 .. 12.9

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

177

San Marino High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.03 .. .. 41,080 3.2 .. .. .. .. 1.7 0.8 .. .. Business environment .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. Time to start a business (days) .. Procedures to start a business (number) .. Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) .. Time to export (days) .. Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) .. Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) .. Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 51.1 Government debt (% of GDP) .. Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) .. Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 5.2 Real interest rate (%) 5.8 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. Paved roads (% of total roads) .. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 57.6 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 50.3 Individuals using the Internet (%)

178

2014

0.03 1,300 .. 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 2.8 .. .. 30.4 .. 30.2 81 40 17 8 6 52 166 15 12 2.3 2.0 12.4 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. 4.8

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. 115.2 122.9 50.9 75.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

São Tomé Príncipe Sub-Saharan Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

0.15 0.19 2,507 0.05 0.07 1,003 .. .. 5.2 740 1,310 1,893 4.1 4.9 6.0 17.3 .. 17.3 20.1 .. 31.6 6.4 .. 15.5 62.7 .. 51.2 17.2 10.4 10,558.0 19,068.4 13.9 11.2 28.5 52.9 52.6 33.2 Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. 169 Time to start a business (days) 144 5 26 Procedures to start a business (number) 10 4 7 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 424 424 324 Time to export (days) 27 26 24 Time to resolve insolvency (years) 6.2 6.2 3.0 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. 22.1 15.4 New businesses registered (thousands) .. 0.4 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) .. 3.8 1.1 Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) .. .. Private sector investment 50 .. 30,475 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 13.8 8.5 2.2 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) .. .. 26.0 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. 19.7 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. .. Government debt (% of GDP) 30.0 33.3 49.0 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 10.7 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 26.7 36.3 42.1 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 17.3 14.3 Real interest rate (%) 19.0 13.3 7.5 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 1 1 2,287 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. .. 36.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. 734 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 7.7 65.0 83.1 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 13.8 21.6 18.7 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

179

Saudi Arabia High income Highincome group 2012 2012

24.7 28.3 1,300 8.2 10.4 643 5.0 5.6 7.8 12,460 24,310 38,412 5.2 6.1 1.0 3.2 2.2 1.4 62.1 62.6 24.5 9.5 10.1 15.0 34.7 35.2 74.0 0.7 2.9 3.7 3.8 57.1 56.2 30.4 24.9 30.3 30.2 Business environment .. 26 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 67 21 17 Time to start a business (days) 13 9 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 69 72 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 17 13 12 Time to export (days) 2.8 2.8 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 2.1 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 3.7 1.7 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 19.3 22.2 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 17.9 28.3 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 8.8 13.9 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 5.4 1.9 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 35.4 37.6 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. .. Real interest rate (%) .. .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 209 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 116 21.5 .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 6,381 8,161 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 57.4 187.4 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 12.7 54.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

180

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Senegal Sub-Saharan Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

11.3 4.8 9.9 770 4.6 16.8 23.6 15.0 59.6 1.7 527.5 27.0 42.4 .. 59 11 696 21 3.0 .. 1.0 0.2 2.9 18.7 74.1 19.8 9.4 6.1 742 1.9 23.3 17.4 .. 25.4 7.6 11.9 23.2 .. .. 6 32.5 158 11.5 15.4 4.8

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

13.7 5.9 9.9 1,030 3.4 16.7 24.2 14.2 59.0 1.4 510.5 24.3 42.3 178 6 4 644 12 3.0 18.0 2.0 0.3 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

266 30,475 2.4 2.2 23.0 26.0 16.2 19.7 .. 32.1 9.6 18.4 29.9 .. ..

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

8 35.5 187 .. 83.6 19.2

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

181

Serbia Europe & Central Asia

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

182

2014

7.4 3.3 20.8 3,430 5.3 12.1 29.0 17.4 58.9 16.1 66.7 26.2 47.2 .. 23 11 279 33 2.7 .. 10.2 2.0 6.9 59.6 .. 30.2 17.7 14.1 564 8.1 19.0 16.3 .. 23.6 16.2 8.6 29.0 1.0 13.1 17 .. 3,922 .. 67.4 26.3

7.2 3.2 19.6 5,280 1.3 9.0 26.6 15.6 64.3 7.3 87.9 38.2 54.2 93 12 6 279 12 2.0 11.6 8.4 1.7 12.2 3.6 53.6 42.8 109.5 21.8

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

159 80,963 0.9 2.8 26.3 31.6 22.8 20.5 .. 45.9 20.5 18.6 53.9 12.0 7.6

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

17 63.5 4,474 0.6 117.8 48.1

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Seychelles Sub-Saharan Africa

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

0.08 0.09 2,391 .. .. 1,251 .. .. 5.8 10,540 12,180 6,969 –1.0 4.0 6.2 3.3 1.9 7.8 16.4 14.1 37.7 8.7 8.4 23.5 80.3 84.0 54.4 0.9 7.1 5.5 13.7 37.0 45.0 30.3 73.4 97.7 29.7 Business environment .. 80 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 39 39 30 Time to start a business (days) 10 10 7 Procedures to start a business (number) 76 76 327 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 17 16 20 Time to export (days) 2.0 2.0 2.6 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 23.3 17.5 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 3.0 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 51 .. 80,963 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 9.3 1.0 2.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) .. .. 31.6 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. 20.5 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. 73.3 .. Government debt (% of GDP) 80.5 43.9 48.4 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 6.7 9.9 10.4 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 4.4 9.0 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 30.8 23.2 92.4 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 9.3 –0.8 Real interest rate (%) 6.0 8.9 5.9 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 20 12 6,886 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 96.0 96.5 67.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. 2,932 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 67.5 147.8 92.4 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 25.4 47.1 41.6 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

183

Sierra Leone Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

5.1 6.0 1.9 2.3 3.4 3.4 310 580 9.0 6.3 52.5 56.7 12.0 8.3 2.6 2.3 35.6 35.0 11.6 12.9 2,889.6 4,344.0 17.8 16.3 29.7 53.6 Business environment .. 142 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 26 12 Time to start a business (days) 8 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 399 353 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 31 25 Time to export (days) 2.6 2.3 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 18.2 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 0.5 1.1 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.2 0.3 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. 7.3 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. 8.6 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 80.3 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. 6.9 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. 14.8 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. 13.8 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 49 10 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 5.6 14.4 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 11.5 40.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 6.5 29.7 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. Government debt (% of GDP) 10.0 15.6 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 20.0 12.5 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 26.8 14.7 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 3.4 6.2 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 6.8 8.1 Real interest rate (%) 12.8 10.6 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 0 2 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 8.0 .. Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 13.7 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 14.3 37.0 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 0.2 1.3 Individuals using the Internet (%)

184

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2 .. 37.9 .. .. 30.7 11.2 374 20.6 233 47.2 6.2

Singapore High income Highincome group 2012 2012

4.3 5.3 1,300 2.2 3.0 643 4.1 2.8 7.8 27,240 47,210 38,412 5.1 5.5 1.0 0.1 0.0 1.4 31.6 26.7 24.5 26.8 20.7 15.0 68.4 73.2 74.0 0.4 4.5 1.7 1.3 229.7 200.7 30.4 200.3 178.5 30.2 Business environment .. 1 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 6 3 17 Time to start a business (days) 6 3 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 80 82 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 6 6 12 Time to export (days) 0.8 0.8 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 4.9 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 18.7 31.5 New businesses registered (thousands) 6.0 8.0 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 14.6 20.6 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 21.1 24.1 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 96.8 115.1 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 98.3 129.9 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 9.6 8.9 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 2.8 1.0 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 90.9 120.6 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 3.2 3.2 Real interest rate (%) 4.9 5.2 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 77 154 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 100.0 100.0 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 8,507 8,404 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 97.5 152.1 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 61.0 74.2 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

185

Sint Maarten (Dutch part) High income Highincome group 2012 2012

186

2014

0.04 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

0.04 1,300 .. 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. .. .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. ..

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

.. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. .. 122.9 .. 75.4

Slovak Republic High income Highincome group 2012 2012

5.4 5.4 1,300 2.7 2.7 643 16.2 13.9 7.8 11,070 17,190 38,412 4.9 3.5 1.0 3.7 3.9 1.4 36.5 34.9 24.5 24.1 20.7 15.0 59.9 61.2 74.0 2.7 3.6 0.8 0.8 76.3 89.2 30.4 80.9 86.6 30.2 Business environment .. 49 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 27 19 17 Time to start a business (days) 9 7 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 325 207 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 22 17 12 Time to export (days) 4.8 4.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 7.0 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 11.8 20.0 New businesses registered (thousands) 3.1 5.1 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 2.5 6.7 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 31.3 3.1 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 40.3 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 23.8 33.5 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 7.4 25.0 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 12.3 28.6 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 4.9 1.7 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 26.5 22.5 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 21.6 .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 37.1 54.3 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 43.4 .. 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 7.0 11.7 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 3.2 5.2 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 35.1 .. 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 4.2 .. Real interest rate (%) 4.2 .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 14 1 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 87.0 100.0 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 4,933 5,348 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 0.3 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 84.2 111.9 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 55.2 80.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

187

Slovenia High income Highincome group 2012 2012

2.0 2.1 1,300 1.0 1.0 643 6.5 8.8 7.8 18,070 22,810 38,412 3.6 0.6 1.0 2.7 2.5 1.4 34.1 31.6 24.5 23.9 21.1 15.0 63.2 65.9 74.0 2.5 2.6 0.8 0.8 62.2 71.3 30.4 62.6 70.2 30.2 Business environment .. 33 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 60 6 17 Time to start a business (days) 9 2 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 260 260 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 20 16 12 Time to export (days) 2.0 2.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 12.9 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 3.3 6.2 New businesses registered (thousands) 2.4 4.4 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 2.4 7.3 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 13.9 0.0 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 27.4 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 47.3 52.2 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 12.7 60.8 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 30.5 28.0 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 2.7 –0.5 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 25.4 19.2 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 53.7 57.9 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 8.5 8.2 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 2.5 15.2 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 56.3 87.4 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 6.0 2.9 Real interest rate (%) 4.6 4.5 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 18 18 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 100.0 100.0 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 6,918 6,806 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 1.0 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 87.9 108.6 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 46.8 70.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

188

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Solomon Islands East Asia & Pacific

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

0.47 0.18 4.3 900 1.6 34.5 8.1 5.7 57.4 7.3 7.5 34.1 54.6 .. 56 7 80 24 1.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.1 12.5 .. .. 25.7 .. .. 20.6 8.4 13.4 12 .. .. .. 1.3 0.8 2014

0.55 0.22 4.6 1,130 6.0 38.9 6.1 3.8 55.0 7.3 7.4 26.1 43.1 97 9 7 80 22 1.0 15.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

.. 30,475 6.8 2.2 .. 26.0 .. 19.7 .. 34.0 .. .. 23.2 3.2 10.4

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

7 .. .. .. 55.0 7.0

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

189

Somalia Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

190

2014

8.5 2.5 7.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 13 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 5.9 1.1

10.2 3.0 7.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

.. .. .. ..

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

.. .. .. .. 22.6 1.4

374 20.6 233

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

South Africa Sub-Saharan Africa

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

47.6 17.8 23.8 4,810 3.8 2.7 31.2 18.5 66.2 3.4 6.4 27.4 27.9 Business environment .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 35 Time to start a business (days) 9 Procedures to start a business (number) 350 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 25 Time to export (days) 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 227.6 New businesses registered (thousands) 7.4 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 6.0 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 3.1 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) 45.3 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 34.8 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 15.8 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 26.4 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 12,307 2.6 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 16.8 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 12.5 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. Government debt (% of GDP) 56.7 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 1.1 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 144.2 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 4.9 Real interest rate (%) 4.6 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 148 .. Paved roads (% of total roads) 4,660 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 0.9 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 70.4 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 7.5 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

52.3 19.1 25.0 7,460 2.8 2.6 28.4 12.4 69.0 5.4 8.2 28.3 31.3 41 19 5 200 16 2.0 21.9 217.6 6.5 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

5,664 80,963 1.2 2.8 19.2 31.6 11.7 20.5 .. 62.4 7.8 4.0 151.1 3.1 3.3

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

192 .. 4,604 .. 130.6 41.0

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

191

South Sudan Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

192

2014

8.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.1 0.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

10.8 .. .. 790 –9.8 .. .. .. .. 47.3 3.0 10.2 43.5 186 17 13 218 55 .. 7.1 4.3 0.7 .. .. .. .. .. ..

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

3 .. 12.2 5.9

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

.. .. .. .. 21.2 ..

374 20.6 233

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

11.2

47.2 6.2

Spain High income Highincome group 2012 2012

43.7 46.8 1,300 21.2 23.6 643 9.3 25.2 7.8 25,310 29,270 38,412 3.2 0.1 1.0 3.1 2.5 1.4 31.8 25.9 24.5 15.3 13.3 15.0 65.1 71.6 74.0 3.4 2.4 0.8 0.8 25.7 32.7 30.4 30.9 31.9 30.2 Business environment .. 52 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 47 23 17 Time to start a business (days) 10 10 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 298 167 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 10 10 12 Time to export (days) 1.5 1.5 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 21.2 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 131.1 84.4 New businesses registered (thousands) 4.4 2.7 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 0.8 .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 14.3 .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 32.6 .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 9.3 .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 21.3 .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 2.7 2.7 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 29.4 19.2 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 38.6 67.6 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 104.8 145.0 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 6.3 5.8 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 0.8 7.5 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 145.7 192.6 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 0.0 .. Real interest rate (%) 1.8 .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 435 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 586 .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 6,111 5,530 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 98.4 108.4 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 47.9 72.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

193

Sri Lanka South Asia

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

194

2014

19.6 8.1 7.7 1,210 4.3 11.8 30.2 19.5 58.0 11.6 100.5 32.3 41.3 .. 48 9 256 25 1.7 .. 2.9 0.2 3.5 2.7 .. 26.2 83.4 .. 1,058 1.1 23.4 19.5 90.6 37.0 5.7 15.3 32.9 0.3 5.1 20 81.0 398 .. 16.8 1.8

20.3 8.4 4.8 2,920 6.5 11.1 31.5 17.9 57.5 7.5 127.6 22.8 36.5 85 8 6 210 20 1.7 1.0 7.0 0.5 1.7 7.7 47.4 43.6 42.4 9.1

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

181 30,475 1.5 2.2 28.9 26.0 22.4 19.7 79.1 35.3 8.5 3.6 31.1 4.0 4.6

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

36 14.9 490 4.1 91.6 18.3

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

St. Kitts and Nevis High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.05 0.05 1,300 .. .. 643 .. .. 7.8 10,900 13,610 38,412 3.2 0.7 1.0 2.0 1.5 1.4 26.4 23.7 24.5 7.6 10.3 15.0 71.6 74.7 74.0 3.4 1.4 2.7 2.7 42.3 32.7 30.4 52.2 44.0 30.2 Business environment .. 101 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 19 19 17 Time to start a business (days) 7 7 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 172 203 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 17 13 12 Time to export (days) .. .. 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 32.2 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. 0.2 New businesses registered (thousands) .. 5.7 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. 10.7 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. 0.0 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 65.4 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. 46.4 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. 15.7 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. 19.4 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 17.3 13.1 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 44.5 27.6 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 111.6 135.6 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 55.6 63.6 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 12.1 6.0 Real interest rate (%) 5.5 4.5 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. .. 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 4.2 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 103.8 156.8 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 34.0 79.3 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

195

St. Lucia Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

196

2014

0.17 0.08 .. 5,110 2.0 3.7 20.0 5.5 76.3 3.9 2.7 57.8 65.5 .. 20 6 71 21 2.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 90 8.6 29.7 .. .. 82.0 .. .. 78.2 2.5 7.8 .. .. .. .. 63.9 21.6

0.18 0.09 .. 6,890 2.2 3.9 16.0 3.8 80.1 4.2 2.7 47.5 62.7 64 15 5 97 14 2.0 25.8 0.4 3.0 2.2 11.9 18.2 52.2 6.3 0.6

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

.. 80,963 8.8 2.8 27.8 31.6 .. 20.5 .. 90.9 .. .. 119.8 11.8 6.4

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

.. .. .. 3.0 125.5 48.6

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

St. Martin (French part) High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.03 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2014

0.03 1,300 .. 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. .. .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. .. 122.9 .. 75.4

197

St. Vincent and the Grenadines Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

198

2014

0.11 0.05 .. 4,960 4.9 6.3 18.8 5.9 74.9 3.7 2.7 36.4 52.8 .. 12 8 76 15 .. .. 0.1 1.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. 50 7.3 26.6 .. .. 64.9 .. .. 45.6 6.4 6.7 .. 70.0 .. .. 64.9 9.2

0.11 0.05 .. 6,400 0.6 7.3 19.9 6.5 72.9 2.6 2.7 26.9 56.6 82 10 7 108 12 .. 30.2 0.1 1.4 4.8 5.9 65.0 55.8 9.3 20.9

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

.. 80,963 17.6 2.8 23.6 31.6 .. 20.5 .. 66.3 .. .. 52.8 8.1 6.5

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

.. .. .. 1.7 123.9 47.5

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Sudan Sub-Saharan Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

Economic and social context Population (millions) a Labor force (millions) Unemployment rate (% of labor force) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($)b GDP growth, 2000–05 and 2005–12 (average annual %)b Agriculture value added (% of GDP) Industry value added (% of GDP) Manufacturing value added (% of GDP) Services value added (% of GDP) Inflation (annual % change in CPI) Exchange rate (local currency units per $) Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) Time to start a business (days) Procedures to start a business (number) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) Time to export (days) Time to resolve insolvency (years) Profit tax (% of commercial profits) New businesses registered (thousands) New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) Firms using banks to finance investments (%) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) Bank capital to asset ratio (%) Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) Real interest rate (%) Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) Paved roads (% of total roads) Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

31.6 9.5 14.8 570 6.3 31.5 27.7 6.9 40.8 8.5 2.4 19.2 28.4 .. 39 10 180 56 2.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 748 12.5 23.1 18.2 .. 14.3 .. .. 10.4 .. .. 9 .. 77 .. 4.8 1.3 2014

37.2 11.6 14.8 1,500 2.8 27.7 31.2 6.1 41.1 37.4 3.6 6.3 17.8 149 36 10 180 32 2.0 13.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

343 30,475 4.2 2.2 22.0 26.0 16.2 19.7 .. 18.7 .. .. 12.8 .. ..

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

14 .. 143 .. 74.4 21.0

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

199

Suriname Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

200

2014

0.50 0.18 12.9 3,330 5.9 5.4 37.3 18.4 57.3 9.9 2.7 30.4 45.2 .. 694 13 199 20 5.0 .. 0.2 0.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.6 24.9 19.6 .. 37.3 .. .. 19.3 1.7 10.1 5 26.3 .. .. 46.6 6.4

0.53 0.21 12.7 8,680 4.2 9.3 38.8 23.2 51.9 5.0 3.3 .. .. 161 208 13 199 22 5.0 27.9 0.6 1.6 6.4 1.8 85.3 37.0 44.4 16.9

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

.. 80,963 1.3 2.8 .. 31.6 .. 20.5 .. 41.8 .. .. 24.0 0.1 5.0

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

2 .. .. 0.7 106.5 34.7

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Swaziland Sub-Saharan Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

1.1 0.36 22.9 2,390 2.2 8.8 44.7 38.9 46.5 4.8 6.4 87.1 91.2 .. 60 12 104 21 2.0 .. .. .. 4.4 3.3 39.7 7.7 16.9 22.1 28 -1.8 15.0 7.1 .. 19.6 14.4 7.0 21.1 7.9 6.6 .. 30.0 .. 1.8 18.1 3.7

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

1.2 0.44 22.5 2,860 1.7 7.5 47.7 43.8 44.8 8.9 8.2 66.6 74.7 123 38 12 110 17 2.0 28.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

.. 30,475 2.4 2.2 10.2 26.0 5.2 19.7 .. 28.9 17.9 9.7 25.0 0.4 6.3

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

.. .. .. .. 65.4 20.8

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

201

Sweden High income Highincome group 2012 2012

9.0 9.5 1,300 4.8 5.1 643 7.8 8.0 7.8 42,920 56,120 38,412 2.8 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.4 27.9 25.2 24.5 19.3 15.7 15.0 70.9 73.2 74.0 0.5 0.9 7.5 6.8 48.4 48.5 30.4 40.6 42.7 30.2 Business environment .. 14 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 16 16 17 Time to start a business (days) 3 3 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 122 122 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 9 9 12 Time to export (days) 2.0 2.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 16.0 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 20.6 39.3 New businesses registered (thousands) 3.5 6.4 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 5.5 0.8 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 17.9 19.0 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 53.1 36.6 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 45.0 62.8 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 4.9 5.0 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 0.1 0.7 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 107.9 138.9 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 2.4 .. Real interest rate (%) 2.5 .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure .. 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 190 31.5 23.2 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 15,431 14,030 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 100.8 124.6 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 84.8 94.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

202

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Switzerland High income Highincome group 2012 2012

7.4 8.0 1,300 4.2 4.6 643 4.4 4.2 7.8 58,530 80,970 38,412 1.2 1.7 1.0 1.0 0.7 1.4 26.4 26.8 24.5 18.6 19.0 15.0 72.6 72.5 74.0 1.2 –0.7 1.2 0.9 47.6 52.3 30.4 40.9 41.9 30.2 Business environment .. 29 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 18 18 17 Time to start a business (days) 6 6 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 63 63 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 8 8 12 Time to export (days) 3.0 3.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 9.2 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 11.1 13.7 New businesses registered (thousands) 2.2 2.5 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 0.7 0.4 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 21.4 20.1 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 40.5 25.6 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 135.4 164.7 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 4.9 5.5 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 0.3 0.8 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 159.1 176.4 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 2.9 2.6 Real interest rate (%) 2.6 2.7 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 259 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 135 100.0 100.0 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 8,305 7,928 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 92.2 130.2 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 70.1 85.2 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

203

Syrian Arab Republic Middle East & North Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

18.2 5.2 9.2 1,520 4.7 19.5 36.2 8.0 44.3 7.2 52.2 40.4 41.6 Business environment .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 43 Time to start a business (days) 12 Procedures to start a business (number) 336 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 21 Time to export (days) 4.1 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 0.1 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.0 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 10.3 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 68.8 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 7.6 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 61.8 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 7.4 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 583 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 1.7 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 23.0 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 11.9 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. Government debt (% of GDP) 46.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 14.8 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –3.5 Real interest rate (%) –1.0 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 17 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 75.1 Paved roads (% of total roads) 1,514 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 16.2 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 5.6 Individuals using the Internet (%)

204

2014

22.4 6.3 8.3 .. 5.0 .. .. .. .. 36.7 46.7 .. .. 165 13 7 336 20 4.1 20.0 0.6 0.0 12.2 61.0 52.6 20.7 118.4 ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

128 .. .. ..

30,475 2.2 26.0 19.7

.. 53.5 .. .. 22.5 .. 3.7

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

10 64.9 1,715 .. 59.3 24.3

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

7.5

83.1 18.7

Tajikistan Europe & Central Asia

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

6.8 2.8 11.7 320 10.1 24.0 31.3 23.7 44.8 7.1 3.1 26.0 52.8

8.0 3.5 11.5 880 6.7 26.5 25.9 14.8 47.6 5.8 4.7 18.2 64.5

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3 24.8 41.7

Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. 143 Time to start a business (days) 80 33 29 Procedures to start a business (number) 14 5 8 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 224 224 266 Time to export (days) 71 71 37 Time to resolve insolvency (years) 1.7 1.7 3.6 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. 0.0 19.1 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.8 1.3 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) 0.2 0.3 0.4 Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 4.2 .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) 71.5 .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 1.3 .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 5.3 .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) 6.4 .. Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 25 115 2,981 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 2.4 2.6 4.8 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 13.8 15.4 26.4 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) 6.0 4.0 17.2 Finance and banking Government debt (% of GDP) .. .. .. Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 5.2 6.1 37.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. 20.5 .. Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) .. 9.5 .. Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 9.1 13.0 30.7 Real interest rate (%) 12.6 11.9 Interest rate spread (percentage points) 13.1 17.5 11.2 Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 7 7 374 Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. 20.6 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 2,144 1,714 233 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) .. .. Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 3.9 81.5 47.2 Individuals using the Internet (%) 0.3 14.5 6.2 The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

205

Tanzania Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

38.8 47.8 19.2 23.5 2.5 3.5 380 570 7.1 6.8 31.8 27.6 22.7 25.0 8.7 10.2 45.5 47.4 5.0 16.0 1,128.9 1,583.0 20.8 29.6 29.7 47.3 Business environment .. 145 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 28 26 Time to start a business (days) 11 9 Procedures to start a business (number) 172 176 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 30 18 Time to export (days) 3.0 3.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 20.4 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 4.0 1.9 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 14.7 15.8 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) 66.8 72.8 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 6.8 11.8 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 44.3 50.8 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 14.7 17.1 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 899 542 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 6.6 6.0 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 24.7 38.8 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 18.7 30.0 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. Government debt (% of GDP) 21.0 27.1 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 10.2 17.9 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 8.3 3.6 Real interest rate (%) 10.5 5.9 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 6 27 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 8.6 14.9 Paved roads (% of total roads) 68 92 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 9.1 9.2 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 7.6 57.0 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 1.1 4.0 Individuals using the Internet (%)

206

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2 .. 37.9 .. .. 30.7 11.2 374 20.6 233 47.2 6.2

Thailand East Asia & Pacific

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

65.6 37.4 1.3 2,600 5.5 10.3 44.0 34.7 45.8 4.5 40.2 73.6 74.7 Business environment .. Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 33 Time to start a business (days) 8 Procedures to start a business (number) 264 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 24 Time to export (days) 2.7 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 32.2 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.7 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 0.4 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 74.4 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 27.9 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 39.0 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 11,760 4.6 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 28.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 21.8 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 27.3 Government debt (% of GDP) 101.5 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 9.0 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 9.1 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 100.7 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 1.2 Real interest rate (%) 3.9 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 124 .. Paved roads (% of total roads) 1,911 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 1.3 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 46.5 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 15.0 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

66.8 39.4 0.7 5,210 3.0 12.3 43.6 34.0 44.2 3.0 31.1 75.0 73.8 18 28 4 264 14 2.7 22.5 41.2 0.9 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

2,750 80,963 2.9 2.8 28.5 31.6 22.8 20.5 28.6 118.3 11.2 2.4 148.3 5.7 4.3

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

252 .. 2,316 .. 127.3 26.5

6,886 67.0 2,932

5.9

92.4 41.6

207

Timor-Leste East Asia & Pacific

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

208

2014

0.98 0.25 7.2 890 1.0 28.8 10.6 3.4 60.5 1.1 1.0 8.4 65.4 .. 167 11 640 28 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.2 16.9 .. .. 15.9 .. .. 22.1 18.2 15.9 .. .. .. .. 3.3 0.1

1.2 0.25 4.0 3,620 9.8 16.7 26.3 2.5 56.9 11.8 1.0 9.8 120.3 172 94 8 276 28 .. 11.0 1.7 2.8 3.7 2.6 66.3 1.6 9.1 2.2

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

.. 30,475 1.5 2.2 64.7 26.0 .. 19.7 .. 31.1 .. .. 12.4 –1.5 11.3

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

.. .. .. 10.2 55.7 0.9

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Togo Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

5.5 2.5 7.9 370 1.5 39.4 17.2 8.5 43.4 6.8 527.5 40.0 58.7 .. 65 13 270 34 3.0 .. 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. 735 4.5 15.8 13.1 .. 22.3 .. .. 17.5 .. .. .. 21.0 111 .. 7.8 1.8

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

6.6 3.1 7.6 500 3.6 31.3 15.8 8.2 52.8 2.6 510.5 40.2 57.4 157 19 7 270 24 3.0 9.3 0.5 0.1 2.7 16.4 80.5 16.9 53.9 6.6

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

13 4.4 18.6 10.3

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. 37.5 .. .. 30.9 .. ..

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

10 .. .. 7.3 49.9 4.0

374 20.6 233

11.2

47.2 6.2

209

Tonga East Asia & Pacific

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

210

2014

0.10 0.04 .. 2,550 2.4 20.5 19.4 8.6 60.0 8.3 1.9 17.6 57.7 .. 32 4 164 21 2.7 .. 0.1 2.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. 32 2.7 21.9 .. .. 43.2 .. .. 52.2 5.5 5.5 5 .. .. .. 29.6 4.9

0.10 0.04 .. 4,220 1.1 19.2 21.5 6.4 59.3 1.2 1.7 17.8 62.7 57 16 4 182 22 2.7 22.9 0.1 1.9 6.6 1.4 86.8 33.9 8.3 7.8

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

.. 80,963 1.7 2.8 33.1 31.6 .. 20.5 .. 36.4 .. .. 29.9 8.4 6.8

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

.. .. .. 2.0 53.4 34.9

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Trinidad and Tobago High income Highincome group 2012 2012

1.3 1.3 1,300 0.66 0.68 643 8.0 5.8 7.8 11,060 14,710 38,412 8.7 1.4 1.0 0.5 0.6 1.4 60.3 57.4 24.5 5.5 6.4 15.0 39.2 42.0 74.0 6.9 9.3 6.3 6.4 65.8 88.1 30.4 39.0 62.9 30.2 Business environment .. 66 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 43 38 17 Time to start a business (days) 9 7 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 210 210 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 14 11 12 Time to export (days) 2.5 2.5 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 21.6 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. 7.9 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. 5.5 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. 69.2 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. 36.7 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. 18.8 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. 11.0 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 5.8 10.8 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 28.6 .. 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 19.4 .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 16.8 .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 38.0 55.3 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. .. 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 34.6 31.5 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) –7.0 10.5 Real interest rate (%) 6.9 6.2 .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 14 37 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 5,142 6,332 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 0.5 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 71.3 140.8 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 29.0 59.5 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

211

Tunisia Middle East & North Africa

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

212

2014

10.0 3.4 12.9 3,200 4.5 10.1 29.2 17.3 60.7 2.0 1.3 44.9 45.3 .. 11 10 268 16 1.3 .. 5.6 0.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. 781 2.2 21.3 18.3 52.4 43.9 7.7 20.9 58.3 .. .. 21 65.8 1,092 .. 56.5 9.7

10.8 3.9 12.8 4,150 3.3 8.7 29.9 15.6 61.4 5.5 1.6 48.0 58.6 51 11 10 144 13 1.3 15.4 11.3 1.5 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

222 80,963 3.4 2.8 22.7 31.6 21.2 20.5 44.1 55.8 .. 12.1 75.2 .. ..

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

36 76.3 1,297 .. 118.1 41.4

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Turkey Europe & Central Asia

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

67.7 74.0 2,391 22.3 27.1 1,251 10.6 9.2 5.8 6,520 10,830 6,969 5.2 3.4 6.2 10.8 9.1 7.8 28.5 27.0 37.7 19.9 17.8 23.5 60.7 63.9 54.4 10.1 8.9 1.3 1.8 21.9 26.4 30.3 25.4 31.6 29.7 Business environment .. 69 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 6 6 30 Time to start a business (days) 6 6 7 Procedures to start a business (number) 254 226 327 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 20 13 20 Time to export (days) 3.3 3.3 2.6 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 18.1 17.5 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 45.8 38.8 New businesses registered (thousands) 1.0 0.8 3.0 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 6.3 .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 8.4 .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 32.6 .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 11.1 .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 26.7 .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 21,742 9,661 80,963 2.1 1.6 2.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 21.0 20.3 31.6 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 17.7 16.4 20.5 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. 45.1 .. Government debt (% of GDP) 37.7 50.3 48.4 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 12.3 12.1 10.4 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 4.3 2.7 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 22.2 54.4 92.4 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. .. Real interest rate (%) .. .. 5.9 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 476 6,886 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 146 .. 89.4 67.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 2,019 2,709 2,932 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 64.4 91.5 92.4 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 15.5 45.1 41.6 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

213

Turkmenistan Europe & Central Asia

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

214

2014

4.7 1.9 11.6 1,600 4.5 18.8 37.6 21.7 43.6 .. 2.2 65.0 47.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 20 5.2 22.9 22.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 14 .. 2,055 .. 2.2 1.0

5.2 2.3 11.3 5,410 10.9 14.5 48.4 .. 37.0 .. 2.9 73.3 44.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

.. 80,963 9.0 2.8 47.2 31.6 10.5 20.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

1 .. 2,444 .. 76.4 7.2

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Turks and Caicos Islands High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.03 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2014

0.03 1,300 .. 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. .. .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. .. 122.9 .. 75.4

215

Tuvalu East Asia & Pacific

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

216

2014

0.01 .. .. 3,740 0.2 22.6 8.6 0.9 68.8 .. 1.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 13.4 10.0

0.01 .. .. 5,650 2.3 25.4 5.8 1.2 68.8 .. 1.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,391 1,251 5.8 6,969 6.2 7.8 37.7 23.5 54.4

30.3 29.7

30 7 327 20 2.6 17.5 3.0

.. 80,963 .. 2.8 .. 31.6 .. 20.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 48.4 10.4 3.6 92.4

.. .. .. .. 28.4 35.0

6,886 67.0 2,932

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

5.9

92.4 41.6

Uganda Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

28.7 36.3 11.4 14.5 2.0 4.2 290 480 6.9 7.3 26.7 25.9 25.0 28.6 7.5 9.1 48.3 45.5 8.4 14.0 1,780.7 2,504.6 14.2 23.2 24.8 38.8 Business environment .. 132 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 34 32 Time to start a business (days) 18 15 Procedures to start a business (number) 237 209 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 38 30 Time to export (days) 2.2 2.2 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 25.2 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 8.2 20.8 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.6 1.2 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 5.2 6.7 Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 14.5 14.4 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) 73.1 95.0 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 7.7 8.2 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 33.0 25.4 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 15.5 12.1 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 502 126 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 4.2 8.6 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 22.2 24.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 17.2 18.7 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 64.9 39.3 Government debt (% of GDP) 14.9 19.7 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 11.9 16.7 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 2.9 4.2 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 8.6 16.2 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 21.8 1.8 Real interest rate (%) 10.9 10.1 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 0 6 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 23.0 .. Paved roads (% of total roads) .. .. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 10.7 6.3 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 4.6 45.0 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 1.7 14.7 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2 .. 37.9 .. .. 30.7 11.2 374 20.6 233 47.2 6.2

217

Ukraine Europe & Central Asia

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

218

2014

47.1 23.3 7.2 1,540 8.0 10.4 32.3 19.6 57.3 13.6 5.1 51.5 50.6 .. 34 15 2,085 30 2.9 .. 27.7 0.8 8.0 49.5 .. 25.0 33.5 12.9 3,443 9.1 22.0 20.1 .. 30.1 11.9 58.0 32.2 –6.7 7.6 42 97.4 3,246 .. 63.7 3.7

45.6 23.1 7.7 3,500 0.5 9.3 29.8 14.9 60.9 0.6 8.0 50.9 59.3 112 21 6 390 29 2.9 11.2 29.7 0.9 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

1,164 30,475 4.4 2.2 18.3 26.0 16.3 19.7 33.6 40.2 15.0 16.5 62.0 9.6 5.4

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

73 97.9 3,662 .. 130.3 33.7

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

United Arab Emirates High income Highincome group 2012 2012

4.1 9.2 1,300 2.5 6.2 643 3.1 3.8 7.8 41,470 38,620 38,412 5.8 2.1 1.0 1.4 0.7 1.4 55.6 60.5 24.5 10.6 9.0 15.0 43.0 38.8 74.0 .. 0.9 3.7 3.7 67.6 95.2 30.4 52.0 74.5 30.2 Business environment .. 23 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 19 8 17 Time to start a business (days) 10 6 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 12 12 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 9 7 12 Time to export (days) 3.2 3.2 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 0.0 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 7.0 10.8 New businesses registered (thousands) 2.1 1.4 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 6.0 2.5 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 18.4 21.9 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 11.4 14.3 .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 46.2 57.9 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 11.9 16.8 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 8.3 8.4 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 43.8 59.1 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. .. Real interest rate (%) .. .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 87 307 20,757 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 13,561 9,389 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 109.3 149.6 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 40.0 85.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

219

United Kingdom High income Highincome group 2012 2012

60.4 63.6 1,300 30.7 32.6 643 4.7 7.9 7.8 39,560 38,500 38,412 3.0 0.0 1.0 0.6 0.7 1.4 23.6 20.6 24.5 12.0 10.1 15.0 75.8 78.7 74.0 2.0 2.8 0.5 0.6 26.6 31.5 30.4 29.4 33.7 30.2 Business environment .. 10 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 13 12 17 Time to start a business (days) 6 6 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 105 110 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 10 8 12 Time to export (days) 1.0 1.0 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 21.6 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 333.7 455.6 New businesses registered (thousands) 8.4 11.0 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 10.9 2.3 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 16.8 14.4 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 45.6 102.6 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) .. .. 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 6.1 5.0 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 0.9 3.7 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 156.8 175.8 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 2.6 –1.2 Real interest rate (%) .. .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 1,018 1,036 20,757 100.0 100.0 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 6,272 5,472 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 108.6 135.3 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 70.0 87.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%)

220

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

United States High income Highincome group 2012 2012

295.5 313.9 1,300 152.7 158.7 643 5.2 8.1 7.8 46,350 52,340 38,412 2.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.4 22.2 20.2 24.5 14.2 12.9 15.0 76.6 78.6 74.0 3.4 2.1 1.0 1.0 10.0 13.5 30.4 15.5 16.9 30.2 Business environment .. 4 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 6 5 17 Time to start a business (days) 6 6 6 Procedures to start a business (number) 325 175 166 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 6 6 12 Time to export (days) 1.5 1.5 2.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 27.9 13.7 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. .. New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. 7.5 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys .. .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) .. .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) .. .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) .. .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment .. .. .. Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 1.1 1.3 1.8 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 22.8 18.6 19.3 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. .. Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking 56.3 93.8 67.6 Government debt (% of GDP) 66.5 80.8 108.2 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 10.3 12.0 7.9 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 0.7 3.3 3.3 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 187.8 183.6 150.5 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 2.9 1.5 Real interest rate (%) .. .. .. Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 9,970 9,860 20,757 64.9 .. 83.7 Paved roads (% of total roads) 13,705 13,246 8,896 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 68.3 95.4 122.9 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 68.0 81.0 75.4 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

221

Uruguay High income Highincome group 2012 2012

222

2014

3.3 3.4 1,300 1.6 1.7 643 8.9 6.0 7.8 4,720 13,580 38,412 0.0 5.8 1.0 10.4 8.4 1.4 27.1 24.7 24.5 17.1 13.8 15.0 62.5 66.9 74.0 4.7 8.1 24.5 20.3 30.4 26.3 30.4 28.5 29.7 30.2 .. 88 45 7 17 11 5 6 304 310 166 23 16 12 2.1 1.8 2.0 .. 23.6 13.7 7.5 6.5 3.6 3.0 7.5 7.0 11.6 0.6 1.8 87.1 67.7 6.9 13.7 38.6 15.5 6.8 10.8 1,063 2,401 .. 4.8 5.8 1.8 16.5 22.1 19.3 13.2 18.0 .. 76.1 44.6 67.6 39.6 38.9 108.2 7.2 10.0 7.9 14.3 1.3 3.3 22.5 24.1 150.5 12.8 2.2 10.8 6.7 .. 9 9 20,757 10.0 .. 83.7 2,000 2,810 8,896 0.1 0.1 34.7 147.1 122.9 20.1 55.1 75.4

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Uzbekistan Europe & Central Asia

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

26.2 29.8 2,507 10.4 13.0 1,003 11.4 11.3 5.2 530 1,720 1,893 5.3 8.5 6.0 28.0 18.9 17.3 23.2 32.4 31.6 9.1 12.7 15.5 48.9 48.7 51.2 .. .. 1,112.9 1,889.7 37.9 27.9 28.5 28.7 29.8 33.2 Business environment .. 146 Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) 29 9 26 Time to start a business (days) 8 4 7 Procedures to start a business (number) 196 205 324 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 86 79 24 Time to export (days) 4.0 2.0 3.0 Time to resolve insolvency (years) .. 0.8 15.4 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) 6.1 12.8 New businesses registered (thousands) 0.4 0.6 1.1 New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) Enterprise surveys 2.5 .. Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 63.0 .. Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) .. .. Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) 8.2 .. Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 8.3 .. Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 9.4 .. Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) Private sector investment 286 137 30,475 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 1.3 2.1 2.2 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 17.9 22.8 26.0 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 14.6 18.6 19.7 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. .. Government debt (% of GDP) .. .. 49.0 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) 14.0 11.4 10.7 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) 3.0 0.5 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) .. .. 42.1 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) .. .. Real interest rate (%) .. .. 7.5 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 22 24 2,287 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) .. .. 36.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 1,711 1,626 734 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. .. Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 2.8 71.0 83.1 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 3.3 36.5 18.7 Individuals using the Internet (%) The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

223

Vanuatu East Asia & Pacific

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

224

2014

0.21 0.09 .. 1,780 1.0 25.3 8.9 4.3 65.8 1.2 109.2 45.4 54.8 .. 47 8 120 26 2.6 .. 0.5 4.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. 6 3.4 23.4 .. .. 92.4 .. .. 43.6 7.0 5.5 2 .. .. .. 6.1 5.1

0.25 0.11 .. 3,000 3.9 25.2 10.7 4.8 64.1 1.4 92.6 47.5 50.7 74 35 8 120 21 2.6 0.0 0.3 2.3 7.5 4.6 39.9 41.4 15.3 27.0

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

.. 30,475 4.8 2.2 26.2 26.0 .. 19.7 .. 71.4 .. .. 70.0 2.8 3.9

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

18 .. .. 1.6 59.1 10.6

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Venezuela, RB Latin America & Caribbean

Upper middle income Upper middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

26.7 30.0 2,391 12.2 13.9 1,251 11.4 7.8 5.8 4,920 12,460 6,969 1.5 3.1 6.2 4.0 5.8 7.8 57.8 52.2 37.7 16.4 13.9 23.5 38.2 42.1 54.4 .. 21.1 2.1 4.3 39.7 26.2 30.3 20.5 24.2 29.7 .. 181 141 144 30 16 17 7 864 792 327 34 56 20 4.0 4.0 2.6 .. 6.5 17.5 .. .. .. .. 3.0 33.6 27.6 2.6 6.4 .. 29.8 35.7 35.3 25.4 13.9 12.5 25.9 3,425 596 80,963 1.9 0.6 2.8 20.3 20.3 31.6 12.1 7.4 20.5 .. .. .. 19.0 38.7 48.4 11.1 10.4 10.4 1.1 0.9 3.6 13.1 25.3 92.4 –9.9 2.0 5.2 1.9 5.9 136 79 6,886 .. .. 67.0 2,859 3,313 2,932 0.6 2.6 46.8 101.9 92.4 12.6 44.0 41.6

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

225

Vietnam East Asia & Pacific

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

82.4 88.8 2,507 46.3 52.9 1,003 2.1 2.0 5.2 680 1,550 1,893 6.9 6.1 6.0 19.3 19.7 17.3 38.1 38.6 31.6 18.8 17.4 15.5 42.6 41.7 51.2 8.3 9.1 15,858.9 20,828.0 63.7 80.0 28.5 67.0 76.5 33.2 Business environment Ease of doing business index (ranking 1–189; 1=best) .. 99 Time to start a business (days) 45 34 26 Procedures to start a business (number) 11 10 7 Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes (hours) 1,050 872 324 Time to export (days) 24 21 24 Time to resolve insolvency (years) 5.0 5.0 3.0 Profit tax (% of commercial profits) .. 11.4 15.4 New businesses registered (thousands) .. .. New business density (new regis. per 1,000 working-age pop.) .. .. 1.1 Enterprise surveys Time spent dealing w/req. of gov’t. reg. (% of sr. mgt. time) 0.8 4.6 Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (%) 78.7 33.7 Firms competing against unregistered firms (%) .. 55.6 Firms using banks to finance investments (%) 29.4 21.5 Delay in obtaining an electrical connection (days) 12.4 29.6 Internationally recognized quality certification (% of firms) 11.4 16.7 Private sector investment 169 30,475 Invest. in infra. w/privt. part., 2000–05 and 2006–12 ($ millions) 3,095 3.4 5.4 2.2 Private foreign direct investment, net (% of GDP) 31.3 24.2 26.0 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. .. 19.7 Gross fixed private capital formation (% of GDP) Finance and banking .. .. .. Government debt (% of GDP) 12.1 11.9 49.0 Total financial system deposits (% of GDP) .. 9.9 10.7 Bank capital to asset ratio (%) .. .. 3.6 Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%) 60.5 94.8 42.1 Domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) 1.7 2.3 Real interest rate (%) 3.9 3.0 7.5 Interest rate spread (percentage points) Infrastructure 54 142 2,287 Air transport (thousands registered carrier departures worldwide) 47.0 .. 36.0 Paved roads (% of total roads) 580 1,073 734 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) .. 1.0 Power outages in firms in a typical month (number) 11.3 147.7 83.1 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 12.7 39.5 18.7 Individuals using the Internet (%)

226

2014

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

Virgin Islands (U.S.) High income Highincome group 2012 2012

0.11 0.05 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 74.5 27.3 2014

0.11 1,300 0.05 643 .. 7.8 .. 38,412 .. 1.0 .. 1.4 .. 24.5 .. 15.0 .. 74.0 .. .. .. 30.4 .. 30.2 .. .. 17 .. 6 .. 166 .. 12 .. 2.0 .. 13.7 .. .. 7.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 1.8 19.3 ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

67.6 108.2 7.9 3.3 150.5 ..

.. 20,757 .. 83.7 .. 8,896 .. .. 122.9 40.5 75.4

227

West Bank and Gaza Middle East & North Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

228

2014

3.3 0.74 26.0 1,340 –0.9 .. .. .. .. 3.5 4.5 14.0 68.2 .. 93 12 170 25 .. .. .. .. 5.7 2.7 .. 4.2 37.1 18.2 430 0.9 25.7 .. .. 20.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 .. 2.3 15.9 16.0

4.0 0.98 23.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.8 .. .. .. 138 45 9 170 23 .. 16.2 .. .. 4.4 2.9 50.7 9.9 42.5 7.9

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

42 30,475 .. 2.2 .. 26.0 .. 19.7 .. .. 10.6 3.1 .. .. ..

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

.. 100.0 .. 8.7 75.6 41.1

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Yemen, Rep. Middle East & North Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

20.1 5.2 16.1 700 4.1 10.5 49.0 7.1 40.5 11.8 191.5 40.9 35.9 .. 63 12 248 33 3.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 377 –1.8 18.5 10.6 .. 19.2 .. .. 6.9 –0.4 5.0 17 8.7 183 .. 11.3 1.0

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

23.9 6.9 17.6 1,270 1.9 7.7 29.4 6.1 62.9 17.3 214.9 30.5 34.6 133 40 6 248 29 3.0 20.1 .. .. 11.8 66.7 37.2 4.2 68.2 4.3

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

.. 30,475 1.0 2.2 11.7 26.0 7.1 19.7 .. 22.8 .. .. 4.6 17.5 5.0

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

17 .. 193 52.0 58.3 17.4

2,287 36.0 734

7.5

83.1 18.7

229

Zambia Sub-Saharan Africa

Lower middle income Lower middleincome Country data group 2005 2012 2012

230

2014

11.5 4.9 15.9 490 4.8 22.8 29.2 11.6 48.0 18.3 4.5 34.6 36.7 .. 35 6 183 53 2.7 .. 3.4 0.6 4.6 4.9 73.8 10.2 97.0 17.1 227 5.0 22.4 15.3 .. 15.4 .. 11.4 7.7 9.6 17.0 6 .. 716 2.5 8.3 2.9

14.1 6.0 13.1 1,350 6.6 19.6 38.1 8.5 42.3 6.6 5.1 46.4 43.2 83 7 5 183 44 2.4 1.2 9.7 1.4 .. .. .. .. .. ..

2,507 1,003 5.2 1,893 6.0 17.3 31.6 15.5 51.2

28.5 33.2

26 7 324 24 3.0 15.4 1.1

168 30,475 5.2 2.2 23.4 26.0 16.1 19.7 .. 21.4 .. .. 14.8 5.9 5.1

.. 49.0 10.7 3.6 42.1

8 .. 599 .. 74.8 13.5

2,287 36.0 734

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

7.5

83.1 18.7

Zimbabwe Sub-Saharan Africa

Low income Lowincome group 2012 2012

12.7 6.4 4.2 430 –8.5 18.6 28.7 16.4 52.7 302.1 1.0 33.5 42.5 .. 97 9 216 52 3.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 72 1.8 2.0 0.0 .. 37.1 8.0 7.9 15.8 219.3 144.6 4 19.0 984 .. 5.1 8.0

The Little Data Book on Private Sector Development

2014

13.7 7.1 4.0 650 0.2 14.1 35.2 16.8 50.8 .. 1.0 44.3 76.1 170 90 9 242 53 3.3 20.8 .. .. 2.5 12.6 71.8 13.1 30.0 18.0

846 383 5.2 590 5.9 28.0 23.6 12.2 48.3

194 4.1 22.5 19.7

2,981 4.8 26.4 17.2

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. 37.9 .. .. 30.7

12 .. 757 6.7 91.9 17.1

374 20.6 233

24.8 41.7

29 8 266 37 3.6 19.1 0.4

11.2

47.2 6.2

231

Notes a. Excludes South Sudan. b. Excludes South Sudan after July 9, 2011.

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Glossary Agriculture value added is the net output of agriculture (International Standard Industrial Classification divisions 1–5, including forestry and fishing) after totaling outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Air transport for registered carrier departures worldwide are domestic takeoffs and takeoffs abroad of air carriers registered in the country. (International Civil Aviation Organization) Bank capital to asset ratio is the ratio of bank capital and reserves to total assets. Capital and reserves include funds contributed by owners, retained earnings, general and special reserves, provisions, and valuation adjustments. Capital includes tier 1 capital (paid-up shares and common stock), which is a common feature in all countries’ banking systems, and total regulatory capital, which includes several specified types of subordinated debt instruments that need not be repaid if the funds are required to maintain minimum capital levels (these comprise tier 2 and tier 3 capital). Total assets include all nonfinancial and financial assets. (International Monetary Fund) Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans ratio is the value of nonperforming loans divided by the total value of the loan portfolio (including nonperforming loans before the deduction of specific loan loss provisions). The loan amount recorded as nonperforming should be the gross value of the loan as recorded on the balance sheet, not just the amount that is overdue. (International Monetary Fund) Delay in obtaining an electrical connection is the average wait, in days, to obtain an electrical connection from the day an establishment applies for it to the day it receives the service. (World Bank) Domestic credit to the private sector is financial resources provided to the private sector—such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable—that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises. (International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Ease of doing business index ranks economies from 1 to 189, with 1 being the best. A high ranking means that a country’s regulatory environment is conducive to business operation. The index ranks the simple average of a country’s percentile rankings on 11 topics covered in Doing Business 2014. The ranking on each topic is the simple average of the percentile rankings on its component indicators. Data listed for 2012 are for June 2013. (World Bank) Electric power consumption is the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants minus transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants. (International Energy Agency) Exchange rate is the exchange rate determined by national authorities or the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated in local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar as an annual average based on monthly averages. (International Monetary Fund)

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Glossary Exports of goods and services are the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) as well as transfer payments. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Firms competing against unregistered firms are the percentage of firms competing against unregistered or informal firms. (World Bank) Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials are the percentage of firms that report that a gift or informal payment is expected or requested during a meeting with tax officials. (World Bank) Firms using banks to finance investments are the percentage of firms using banks to finance purchases of fixed assets. (World Bank) GDP growth is the annual percentage growth rate of gross domestic product (GDP) at market prices based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2005 U.S. dollars. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without deducting for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method, is gross national income (GNI) converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes minus any subsidies not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, the World Bank Atlas method is used; it averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country and the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. (World Bank) Government debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as loans, currency and money deposits, and securities other than shares. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year. (International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development)

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Glossary Gross fixed capital formation includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 System of National Accounts, net acquisition of valuables is also considered capital formation. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Gross fixed private capital formation is gross outlays by the private sector (including private nonprofit organizations) on additions to its fixed domestic assets. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Imports of goods and services are the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) as well as transfer payments. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Individuals using the Internet are the percentage of individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 12 months. Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV, etc. (International Telecommunication Union) Industry value added is the net output of industry (International Standard Industrial Classification divisions 10â&#x20AC;&#x201C;45, including mining, manufacturing, construction, electricity, water, and gas) after totaling outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Inflation is the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used. (International Monetary Fund) Interest rate spread is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to prime customers minus the interest rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits. (International Monetary Fund) Internationally recognized quality certification is the percentage of firms that have an internationally-recognized quality certification. (World Bank) Investment in infrastructure with private participation is the value of infrastructure projects in telecommunications, energy (electricity and natural gas transmission and distribution), transport, and water and sanitation that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public, including operation and management contracts with major capital expenditure, greenfield projects (in which a private entity or public-private joint

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Glossary venture builds and operates a new facility), and divestitures. Incinerators, movable assets, standalone solid waste projects, and small projects such as windmills are excluded. Data listed for 2005 and 2012 refer to total for the period 2000–05 and 2006–12. (World Bank) Labor force is all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period, according to the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or parttime workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers and excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector. (International Labour Organization and World Bank) Manufacturing value added is the net output of industries belonging to International Standard Industrial Classification divisions 15–37 after totaling outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are the number of subscriptions to a public mobile-telephone service that provide access to the public switched telephone network (PSTN) using cellular technology. The indicator includes (and is split into) the number of postpaid subscriptions, and the number of active prepaid accounts (i.e. that have been used during the last three months). The indicator applies to all mobile-cellular subscriptions that offer voice communications. It excludes subscriptions via data cards or USB modems, subscriptions to public mobile data services, private trunked mobile radio, telepoint, radio paging, and telemetry services. It is calculated per 100 people. (International Telecommunication Union) New business density is the number of newly registered limited liability corporations per 1,000 people ages 15–64. (World Bank) New businesses registered are the number of new limited liability corporations registered in the calendar year. (World Bank) Paved roads are roads surfaced with concrete, cobblestones, or crushed stone (macadam) and hydrocarbon binder or bituminized agents. (International Road Federation) Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship—except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Data are midyear estimates. (World Bank) Power outages in firms in a typical month are the average number of power outages that establishments experience in a typical month. (World Bank)

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Glossary Private foreign direct investment, net, is net inflows of private investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital, as shown in the balance of payments. (International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Procedures to start a business are the number of procedures required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production. Data listed for 2012 are for June 2013. (World Bank) Profit tax is the amount of taxes on profits paid by the business as a percentage of commercial profits. For further details on the method, see the World Bankâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Doing Business 2014. Data listed for 2012 are for June 2013. (World Bank) Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured by the GDP deflator. (International Monetary Fund and World Bank) Services value added is the net output of services (International Standard Industrial Classification divisions 50â&#x20AC;&#x201C;99) after totaling outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. (World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Time spent dealing with the requirements of government regulations is the percentage of senior management time in a given week spent on requirements imposed by government regulations (taxes, customs, labor regulations, licensing, and registration). (World Bank) Time to export is the time necessary to comply with all procedures required to export goods. If a procedure can be accelerated for an additional cost, the fastest legal procedure is chosen. (World Bank) Time to prepare, file, and pay taxes is the time, in hours per year, it takes to prepare, file, and pay (or withhold) three major types of taxes: the corporate income tax, the value added or sales tax, and labor taxes, including payroll taxes and social security contributions. (World Bank) Time to resolve insolvency is the number of years from time of filing for insolvency in court until resolution of distressed assets and payment of creditors. Data listed for 2012 are for June 2013. (World Bank) Time to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the required procedures for legally operating a business. If a procedure can be expedited at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen. Data listed for 2012 are for June 2013. (World Bank)

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Glossary Total financial system deposits are the demand, time, and saving deposits in deposit money banks and other financial institutions. (International Monetary Fund) Unemployment rate is the share of the labor force without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country. (International Labour Organization)

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