B&B - 2021 Issue III - Drought. Heat. Smoke. by WSNLA

2021 | Vol. 73, Issue 3

Drought. Heat. Smoke.

New Regulatory Guidelines Protect Workers Shaping WA State Pollinator Health Strategy Washington Pollinator Task Force Update

GardenWashington Provides Water-Smart Resources

Before you see the fruits of your labor, there’s the humble beginning. Every new producer has to start somewhere. And it’s far from easy. We help give young, beginning and small farmers and ranchers a leg up with special financing options, educational opportunities, and hands-on, strategic advice to help you get started. So if you’re ready to start cultivating your dream, give us a call. We’d be happy to help.

800.743.2125 | northwestfcs.com

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Contents Features

(Above) Orders on their way out the door at Skagit Gardens. Viola and Caladiums make a striking combo. For more information visit skagitgardens. com. Photo Source: Skagit Gardens.

10 Drought. Heat. Smoke.

New Regulatory Rules Work to Protect Workers from Heat & Wildfire Exposure..

15 Shaping Washington State Pollinator Health Strategy

Certified Professional Horticulturist Colleen Miko Shares Her Experience Serving on the Pollinator Task Force.

19 NW Flower

& Garden Festival Returns in 2022

Join WSNLA’s Garden Show Team & Help Plant Inspiration , Promote Professionalism & Drive Traffic to Member Businesses.

Columns 4

From the President

Executive Director

Legislative Update

Bugs & Blights

Departments 27

Calendar of Events

WSNLA Marketplace

THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association

2021 | VOL 73. NO. III Editor Breanne Chavez Published Quarterly By: Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association. 34400 Pacific Hwy S., Suite 2 Federal Way, WA 98003 800.672.7711, info@wsnla.org Deadlines:

News, Classified ads, Advertising

5pm on February 1, May 1, August 1, and November 1. To place an ad, contact Breanne at (800) 672-7711 or breanne@ wsnla.org. WSNLA reserves the right to refuse

any ad which is misleading, unethical, contrary to WSNLA policy, or does not pertain to the industry.

Comments to the Editor: Interested in sharing your opinions and comments with B&B readers? If you take the time to share your thoughtful comments, WSNLA will be sure to share them with B&B readers. Please submit to breanne@wsnla.org.

WSNLA

Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association

www.wsnla.org Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association - 3

WSNLA

Message from the President ]

Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association

While this year is moving onward, new challenges will continue to present themselves along with countless opportunities. I look forward to learning more and being inspired by the small and the large things of the world. After such a long dry summer I am looking forward to my favorite season of the year. This summer hit record temperatures throughout the state causing many businesses to modify their regular working methods. L&I stepped up its standards for working in smokey conditions and extreme heat. Making cold water and proper resting areas accessible to workers along with other rules. A number of businesses shortened hours or closed during the hottest days for the protection of their workers as well. Our workers are the most important aspect of our industry. It is increasingly hard to find quality workers so anything we can do to keep them healthy and positive is going to be beneficial. More information on L&I rules for heat and wildfire smoke exposure can be found on page 10 - 13.

Gregory Smaus, CPH, EPC WSNLA President Rock Solid Landscapes, Seattle

I am looking forward to touching base with my community. Unfortunately, the Covid cases have started rising again and the governor announced a new mask mandate. However, there are so many ways to engage with people. Whether it’s about shaping new policy on pollinator habitat (Colleen Miko, CPH, page 15) or participating in the Northwest Flower and Garden Festival, our industry is a wide and diverse community with so many ways to be involved. My involvement with WSNLA at the northwest Flower and Garden Festival serves as a landmark in my professional development. Seeing how people do things in different ways; from organizing plant lists to building temporary structures is awe inspiring. Seeing how people work together and learning how and when to assign tasks or let someone take over a task was a wonderful experience. Find out how you can get involved with WSNLA for the 2022 show on page 19. I also look forward to the educational opportunities that arise in the fall. WSNLA has some great events lined up! Thanks to Heather Hansen for keeping us informed on new policy developments and how they could affect our industry. Thank you also to Sharon Collman for the insight into the insect world! Be sure to save your seat for an upcoming PROseries and watch for more to be announced at WSNLA.ORG/events. While this year is moving onward, new challenges will continue to present themselves along with countless opportunities. I look forward to learning more and being inspired by the small and the large things of the world. For example, it’s great to know that the hairs on the Banded Woolly Bear caterpillar won’t sting you, but if you rub your eyes they will penetrate your eyeball! (Thank you Sharon Collman) This magazine and our industry have so much to offer and together we will continue to learn, grow and improve the world around us.

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2021 BOARD OF DIRECTORS EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Gregory Smaus, CPH, EPC WSNLA President Rock Solid Landscapes 206-227-4458 | gregory@rocksolidlandscapes.com Tim Gray WSNLA President Elect Pacific Stone Company 425-258-1911 | timg@pacificstoneco.com

GardenWashington.com Provides Smart-Water Resources for Your Customers

Sally Labay, CPH WSNLA Vice President Woods Creek Nursery 360-794-6823 | sally@woodscreeknursery.com

Are your customers concerned about their garden or landscape because of the dry weather we have been experiencing? The right plants and wise water use support the success of growing plants and trees during times of water restrictions. If you have customers thinking about adding plants to your garden, installing a new landscape or looking to protect your garden or landscape, GardenWashington.com offers water-smart solutions and resources to help them get started, including:

C. Andrew Barker, CPH WSNLA Past President Cloud Garden Landscape Design (206) 919-1361 | candrewbarker@gmail.com

More Watering Help From the Experts - Find nurseries and landscape companies to help with GardenWashington’s search tool. - Read water saving tips from experts via GardenWashington’s hub for WSNLA member blogs. For example: - The Secrets Of Proper Summer Watering — Sunnyside Nursery - Surprising Melt-Proof Annuals – Le Jardinet (lejardinetdesigns.com) - Gardening and climate change | In Harmony - Protect Your Plants This Summer: 7 Water-Wise Tips — Swansons Nursery - Top 7 Tips for Summer Tree Care | Big Tree Supply - Watering tips for Seattle landscapes | In Harmony - The Truth About “Drought-Tolerant” Plants — Swansons Nursery - Watch water-wise garden videos designed to help protect gardens and landscapes. - And, find smart watering guides available for download.

Ingrid Wachtler, CPH Mt Rainier Chapter President Woodbrook Native Plant Nursery 253-265-6271 | woodbrk@harbornet.com

Water-Smart Solutions For The Garden & Landscape

Sprinkler Watering Calculators Washington residents can use these links to calculate sprinkler settings to optimize and conserve water. Water Efficiency & Quality Resources Find resources from a number of organizations, both governmental and non-governmental, targeted at protecting and conserving water. Including: EPA WaterSense; Irrigation Association; The Saving Water Partnership; US Drought Monitor; Water Use It Wisely; Water Wise Gardening: Proper Planting & Essential Gardening; and WSU Extension. Water Smart Tips & Resources From Municipalities Connecting your customers with local resources and information is critical in times of water restrictions. Links to a variety of municipalities are included to find local guidance. (More links to be added.)

Kirsten Lints, CPH WSNLA Treasurer Gardens ALIVE Design 425-318-2971 | kirsten@gardensALIVEdesign.com

CHAPTER & CAUCUS LEADERSHIP

Peter Van Well North Central Chapter President Van Well Nursery 509-886-8189 | pete2@vanwell.net Megan Pulkkinen, CPH, EPC Olympic Chapter President Megan Pulkkinen Landscape Design 360-265-5799 | megancph@hotmail.com Scott Pringle, CPH Wholesale Grower Caucus Chair Paradise Lake Nursery 206-930-4132 | paradiselakenursery@gmail.com Katie Miller Greenhouse Grower Caucus Chair Skagit Gardens 360-395-4309 | kmiller@skagitgardens.com Brandon Cook, CPH, ISA Certified Landscape Caucus Chair The Plant Nerds 425-595-3451 | brandonc@cookbrotherslandscaping.net Jami Burke Horticulture Supplier Caucus Chair Walrath Soil Technologies 253-531-7499 | jami@tewalrath.com

Do you have resources or ideas that will add value to this page? Please contact Breanne Chavez with your thoughts at breanne@wsnla.org or (253) 661.6055. Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association - 5

WSNLA

Message from the Director ]

Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association

Breanne Chavez WSNLA Executive Director I love fall most of all. It’s the crisp air, the jewel toned foliage colors, foggy mornings, and back to school! This year, back to school feels extra special. My daughter, Emma, is not only headed back to a full-time, in person school year, but is also leveling up to middle school! She is most excited about having multiple teachers, science lab, BAND, and learning more about our history. This year will be filled with exploring new interests and growing skills already developed - both contributing to her education passport of the future! Whether renewing or gaining fresh knowledge, I have always been impressed by the deep commitment the WSNLA horticulture industry has for learning. Whether you are looking to fulfill continuing education credits, earn your Certified Professional Horticulturist or ecoPRO Cerrification, or are seeking professional development for enjoyment, WSNLA member’s continuously rate education as one of the top three valued benefits of membership. Because of this, I know you will enjoy the WSNLA resources and opportunities that are coming this fall and winter. To help, I thought I would share a bit more about the opportunities available to hone and advance your skills.

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WSNLA PROseries: You’ve asked; We’ve Delivered. Each year, PROseries events are developed with members in mind and are tailored to deliver solutions to real problems and challenges. This year is no different. The 2021 PROseries will be offered virtually and kicks off on September 22, continuing through December. A wide range of topics from Urban Trees and Web Security to Pollinators, Marshes & Meadows, have already been announced. Watch for more sessions to be announced. Registration is now open and can be found at WSNLA.ORG/events. ecoPRO Certified Sustainable Landscape Professional Training & Exam: Sustainable landscape practices are landscape best practices. Your ecoPRO Certification demostrates your knowledge and commitment to protecting and conserving water, soil, air quality, wildlife, human health and sustaining plant material. Two virtual trainings are being offered this fall at reduced registration. Consider attending one of these virtual trainings

Education is the passport to the future, for tomorrow belongs to those who prepare for it today. – MALCOLM X and earning your ecoPRO Certification. ecoPRO Partners are commited to driving their communities to hire ecoPRO Certified Professsionals. Registration is now open at WSNLA.ORG/events. Certified Professional Horticulturist Certification: In July, nearly 30 individuals convened in person to test their knowledge on plant identification and basic horticulture practices. To make certification more widely available, work is also being done to offer a virtual option for portions of the exam. If you are interested in learning more, contact Holly at holly@wsnla.org. WSNLA Caucus Roundtables: Gather, share, listen, and learn with the goal to address challenges and prepare for the comming season - Industry specific virtual roundtables are a great example of the power of information sharing. Visit WSNLA.ORG/events to find your a RSVP for your industry specific roundtable discussion. Free for WSNLA Members. WSNLA Calendar of Events: This online hub is updated frequently to include workshops, seminars and other events hosted by horticuluture organizations and academic institutions serving the professional community. CPH and ecoPRO credit is noted where applicable. Be sure to visit WSNLA.ORG/events to connect with professional development opportunities. The coming months are filled with a treasure trove of opportunities for you to invest in your own knowledge, advance your skills and prepare to today to grow the success of your business tomorrow. Be sure to visit WSNLA.ORG/events to save your seat and to watch as more events are announced. Happy Fall Y’all!

WSNLA Marketing Tools Provide Access to Your PreQualified Target Market Your targeted audience is key when investing marketing dollars. Because of this, WSNLA has a handful of industry tailored marketingopportunities for your consideration.

WSNLA marketing opportunities provide efficient and cost effective ways to connect your business with qualifed customers.Advertising in the B&B Magazine or Directory & Buyers’ Guide means your company is in front of your market and not lost in a generalized search. Trying to reach the general public? WSNLA has strategic tools that deliver opportunities to increase sales and exposure. Here’s a quick overview on each of WSNLA’s marketing opportunities:

For Growers, Wholesale Nurseries & Suppliers: B&B Magazine and Directory & Buyers’ Guide - Users of the print and online magazine and buyers’ guide are industry professionals looking to stay engaged, learn more about and find the products and services they use every day. This is your target market in its purest form. B&B DEADLINE: 15th JAN, APR, JULY & NOV | DIRECTORY DEADLINE: NOVEMER 19. 2021 Issue I - Cover.pdf 1 3/9/2021 3:21:17 PM

FINDPLANTSPNW.ORG - Connect with industry buyers by listing your wholesale availability on this new industry resource. Listings begin at $3.95.

CMY

WSNLA.ORG - Highlight your business to over 15,000 pre qualified nursery and landscape professionals each year by simply placing an ad on the homepage of WSNLA.ORG for only $600. That breaks down to only $50 per month! SPONSORSHIP (PROseries & Conference) - Align your business with the #1 valued member benefit: education! Promote your business and ensure dynamic and solutionbased content is delivered to your customers and clients.

New Plants & Trees for 2021 Growers Highlight New Varieties

Bugs & Blights Legislative Update

GardenWashington Connects You With Customers & Clients

For Retail Nurseries & Landscape Supply Serving the Public: GARDENWASHINGTON GUIDE & GREEN PASSPORT 16,000 guides are distributed at home & garden events throughout Washington. Green Passport coupons, placed by nurseries, are sought after by the and drive thousands of dollars in sales at participating nurseries. Print advertising begins at $200. Green Passport Coupon: $295 DEADLINE NOVEMBER 19. GARDENWASHINGTON.COM - $450 annually helps you capitalize on WSNLA’s advertising campaign targeted at engaging younger audiences and non traditional customers with plants and growing. WSNLA continues to offer these marketing platforms because they serve a unique purpose for our industry and members and are proven to be effective. Please contact WSNLA at (253) 661-6055 or breanne@wsnla.org to help navigate your options. Custom packages can be created and assistance with ad development is available. Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association - 7 Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association - 7

Legislative Update

Protecting Your Business & Industry

WSNLA’s business membership includes a diverse community of large and small growers, garden centers, landscape professionals and suppliers. It is the intent of the Board of Directors to ensure legislative activities focus in on overarching WSNLA member needs, while effectively balancing the diversity in business scale and location. To that extent, the WSNLA Board of Directors, with member input, developed the following priorities to guide and strengthen WSNLA legislative and regulatory activities throughout the State.

WASHINGTON STATE NURSERY & LANDSCAPE ASSOCIATION LEGISLATIVE PRIORITIES

Washington Nursery and Landscape Association supports stewardship of the land and the plants and trees that grow upon it. Our priorities include: • Promoting a positive business climate for growing and marketing plants and landscape services. • Protecting our industry from burdensome regulation, taxes and fees. • Working in a bipartisan manner and focusing on results. • Ensuring policies are reasonable and based on sound science. WSNLA will coordinate with other affiliated professional organizations to support our members on agricultural and environmental issues such as: • • • •

Water availability, management & quality Urban planning and the inclusion of green spaces Pesticide regulation Open space taxation

On general business issues, WSNLA will focus on impact to members. Such issues include but are not limited to: • Labor: availability, training, minimum wage, workers comp, health care, benefits • Simplifying business regulation including streamlining local jurisdiction business licensing • Taxes WSNLA Priorities drafted June – September 2017. Member comment period January – June 2018. Board approved June 2018. Questions? Contact WSNLA at 253.661.6055, info@wsnla.org. 8 - The B&B Magazine

Heather Hansen WSNLA Lobbyist Japanese beetles

In the waning days of the 2021 legislative session, the Washington State Department of Agriculture became concerned about Japanese beetles found near Grandview. Agricultural organizations requested $406,000 from the legislature for WSDA to monitor and eradicate the beetles. Since then, the level of concern has increased dramatically. Over 415 Japanese beetles were trapped in June alone. WSDA is still trapping beetles and catching them in every trap, every day. This is a very destructive, invasive pest that poses a significant threat to Washington’s agricultural industry, especially nurseries. Originally from northern Japan, the grubs feed on grass roots and damage lawns, golf courses, and pastures. Adult beetles feed on foliage and threaten over 300 plants, including roses, grapes, apples and hops. WSDA is now in the process of developing an eradication plan and will ask the 2022 legislature for more funding to notify citizens in the area and spray the beetles. Japanese beetles are just one of several pests considered a “priority species” by the Washington Invasive Species Council. Apple maggots, zebra mussels and Asian giant hornets are also on that list.

WSDA report to the legislature on neonicotinoid insecticides

Senate bill 5253, relating to pollinator health, passed in April 2021. It included a paragraph directing the Washington State Department of Agriculture to report to the legislature recommendations for measures to mitigate the risks of harm to bees and other pollinators from the use of neonicotinoid pesticides and treated seeds. The department must evaluate and incorporate EPA reviews, including recommended mitigation measures. The department must also review neonicotinoid use restrictions and labeling requirements adopted in other states and include in the report any recommendations for adoption of similar requirements in this state. The concern about neonic seed treatments originated in the Midwest. Because we grow different crops and do not use neonics in the same way that many other areas do, concerns from other states are generally not relevant in Washington. We expect the report to reflect Washington State agricultural uses and not recommend additional restrictions, however, mitigation measures recommended by EPA could have an effect. Stay tuned for more information near the end of the year. The report is due December 31, 2021.

New rules for those who hire summer workers

For those of you who hire employees who work outside, the Department of Labor & Industries enacted new emergency rules to protect outdoor workers from wildfire smoke. The new rule requires employers to train workers on the risks of wildfire smoke and safety when pollutants reach 20.5 micrograms per cubic meter (Air Quality Index, AQI 69). When levels exceed 55.5 micrograms per cubic meter (AQI 151), employers must also provide

respirators for voluntary use. Employers must also monitor air quality and update Accident Prevention Plans to include information about smoke. This new rule is similar to the California rule. A week earlier, the Department of Labor & Industries adopted another new rule to protect employees from extreme heat. The new regulations, which took effect on July 13, are in addition to existing rules. When the temperature is at or above 100 degrees, employers must respond to the extreme heat by providing shade or another way for employees to cool down; and ensuring workers have a paid cool-down rest period of at least 10 minutes every two hours. When temperatures are at or above 89 degrees, the new rules combined with existing rules require employers to provide water that is cool enough to drink, allow and encourage workers to take additional paid preventative cool-down rest breaks to protect from overheating and have a written outdoor heat exposure safety program and providing training to employees. The emergency rules update existing rules that are in place annually from May through the end of September. The existing rules already require ready access to at least one quart of drinking water per worker per hour, an outdoor heat exposure safety program with training, and an appropriate response to workers who are experiencing heat-related illness symptoms.

EPA revokes all food tolerances for chlorpyrifos

The Environmental Protection Agency announced on August 18, 2021 that it will revoke all food tolerances for the insecticide chlorpyrifos. This action effectively bans use of the product on food crops. The rule is expected to be published in the Federal Register on August 19, 2021 and will become effective in six months. Chlorpyrifos has been widely used in agriculture for more than 50 years. Non-food, non-feed uses, including ornamental uses, will not be affected at this time, however, EPA indicated that it would continue to review non-food uses of chlorpyrifos and expects to make a decision by the end of 2022. Many fruit and vegetable crops grown in Washington count on chlorpyrifos to control insect pests. The product is generally used at a time of year when it cannot leave residue on the food crop. For many, there

are no viable alternatives. This action may have a dramatic effect on agriculture in Washington State. You may see news articles linking chlorpyrifos to developmental problems in children. The data behind that claim is questionable. Many EPA scientists believe the data does not meet the criteria to be used in a regulatory decision. Comment by Chris Novak, president and CEO of CropLife America, “President Biden campaigned with the slogan of “Science over Fiction,” but the EPA’s decision to cancel all tolerances of chlorpyrifos does not live up to that standard or to the EPA’s commitment to scientific integrity. Decades of review by EPA career staff and independent scientific advisory panels have repeatedly supported safe uses for this product, yet this decision comes without a full scientific review or a thoughtful assessment of the beneficial uses of this product. Farmers need tools to fight insect pests, but the agency has taken an overly broad action that will cause significant problems for our industry’s farm customers.” Find more detail on the EPA webpage: https://www.epa.gov/ingredients-usedpesticide-products/chlorpyrifos

Waters of the United States

On June 9, 2021, EPA and the Department of the Army announced their intention to revise the definition of Waters of the United States (WOTUS) to better protect our nation’s water resources. This process includes two rulemakings: a foundational rule to restore longstanding protections, and an anticipated second rule that builds on that regulatory foundation. EPA and the Department of the Army are intending to initiate a new rulemaking process that restores the protections in place prior to the 2015 WOTUS implementation and develops a new rule to establish a durable definition of “waters of the United States.” Waters of the United States is significant because many Clean Water Act programs apply only to “waters of the United States.” Waters of the United States were originally defined as “navigable waters,” however, court decisions and rule-making over the years have expanded that definition significantly. Lack of clarity in the definition has lead to confusion about where regulations apply.

Statewide mask mandate

The governor announced that the existing statewide mask mandate will be expanded to once again include vaccinated individuals in indoor settings effective Monday, August 23. The expansion comes after Washington recently broke the previous record for COVID hospitalizations set in December. Every county in the state currently falls within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) substantial or high transmission, and each of the state’s 35 local health officers recently recommended all individuals wear masks indoors. The mask mandate will apply to most all public places across the state, including restaurants, grocery stores, malls and public-facing offices, regardless of vaccination status. There will be limited exceptions when face coverings won’t be required, such as office spaces not easily accessible to the public where individuals are vaccinated, and when working alone indoors or in a vehicle with no public face-to-face interaction. Small, private indoor gatherings where all attendees are vaccinated are also exempt. “We have seen over the last year how widespread masking also saves lives by reducing infection,” Inslee said. “I know this will frustrate some vaccinated folks who thought they wouldn’t have to do this anymore. There are not enough people vaccinated. The result is the explosive growth of a much more infectious strain, the Delta variant, and its increasing concerns and impacts on people of all ages.”

Mandate Enforcement

In mid-August, the governor’s office communicated to KING5 News that it is working on establishing an enforcement system for masks and will release more details soon. WSNLA will continue to follow this and provide details as known.

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WSNLA

Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association

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DROUGHT. HEAT. SMOKE. New Regulatory Rules Work to Protect Workers & Limit Exposure The 2021 Summer Season Sees Record Heat, the Return of Wildfire Smoke & an Emergency Drought Declaration. A Recap of What You Need to Know & Resources Available.

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Ecology declares drought emergency Record-breaking heat wave exacerbates already dry conditions across state Map of Washington highlighting areas under drought declaration. Seattle, Everett and Tacoma do not fall under the declaration This map shows which areas fall under the emergency drought declaration. Seattle, Tacoma and Everett have stored water and do not fall under the drought declaration. A historically dry spring and summer, followed by a record-breaking heat wave, have affected water supplies across Washington, prompting the Washington Department of Ecology to issue a drought emergency for most of the state. The only areas excluded from the emergency declaration are Seattle, Tacoma, and Everett. In late May, the fourth-driest March through April on record, prompted Ecology to issue a drought advisory for 29 counties. Dryness persisted through June. Averaged statewide, March through June precipitation ties 1926 as the second driest such period since 1895. A heat dome in late June brought triple-digit temperatures and smashed all-time records across the state, rapidly worsening drought conditions. Now Ecology, along with the departments of Fish and Wildlife, Agriculture, and Natural Resources, are reporting signs of stressed fish; farmers and ranchers are being forced to cut back on irrigation; and wildfires are burning through dry vegetation. “Farmers’ crops are failing and ranchers are losing livestock because of these dry conditions, extreme heat, and lack of water,” Governor Inslee said. “We’re experiencing more droughts in our state as the climate warms. These dry conditions, combined with scorching heat, are putting our way of life at risk. We must continue to act on climate change to protect our state.” Farmers and ranchers without irrigation in Eastern Washington were among the first to feel the effects of the drought, with some reporting up to a 50 percent loss of wheat crops and difficulty finding feed for livestock. Rising water temperatures in the lower Yakima, Okanogan, and Snake rivers reached levels lethal to some fish, including threatened salmon species. 12 - The B&B Magazine

A drought emergency has been declared for most of the watersheds in Washington. The drought emergency declaration includes all watersheds except the following: WRIA 7 – Snohomish River basin (Everett water supply); WRIA 8 – Cedar-Sammamish basin (Seattle water supply); and WRIA 9 – Duwamish-Green basin (Tacoma water supply). Based on current conditions and forecasts, the Seattle regional area, Everett, and Tacoma have sufficient water supply for people and fish this summer, and do not meet the drought threshold. We continue to monitor water supplies and encourage people to use water wisely.

Water supplies in Eastern Washington have dwindled, forcing Ecology to issue curtailments earlier than normal. There is little hope for relief before fall. According to the Office of the State Climatologist newsletter, the three-month outlook for July through September shows increased chances of above normal temperatures and below normal precipitation for the entire state. Ecology Director Laura Watson said Washington’s water supplies face an increasingly uncertain future as the impacts of climate change accumulate. “We’re now in the literal heat of summer and the driest time of year,” said Watson. “As our climate warms, droughts will be more frequent. Focusing on additional water storage, water efficiency and reuse, and changes in agriculture practices will help Washington be more resilient and protect water for communities, farms, and fish.”

The only parts of the state not under the drought declaration are the metropolitan centers of the Puget Sound area. Seattle, Tacoma, and Everett are expected to have sufficient water storage to meet residential and commercial needs through the summer, and to maintain adequate water levels in nearby rivers to protect fish. What is a drought emergency declaration? A drought emergency means water supply is projected to be below 75 percent of average, and there is a risk of undue hardship to water users and uses. A formal drought declaration authorizes Ecology to take certain measures for the purpose of providing emergency drought relief: 1. Expedite processing for emergency drought permits 2. Process temporary transfers of water rights 3. Provide funding assistance for public entities 4. Hold public education workshops

Outdoor Heat Exposure Prevention: Employer Responsibilities

Washington state emergency heat exposure rules, effective July 13, 2021, increase protection for outdoor workers. The emergency rules update existing rules that are in place annually from May through the end of September. Washington’s Outdoor Heat Exposure rules require employers with outdoor workers to take steps to prevent heatrelated illness when the temperature is 89 degrees Fahrenheit or higher. Additional steps are required when the temperature is 100 degrees or higher. Employers are responsible for monitoring temperatures so they are prepared when trigger temperatures are met.

* Both preventative cool-down rest time and mandatory preventative cool-down rest periods must be paid unless taken during a meal period.

Water

Identify and Respond to Signs and Symptoms of Heat-Related Illness

* Provide enough drinking water for each worker to drink at least 1 quart (four 8 ounce glasses) per hour, and encourage them to do so. - Access to water is required regardless of temperature. At 89 degrees or higher, specific quantities are required. * Ensure drinking water is suitably cool to drink and readily accessible to workers at all times.

Shade and Rest

* Provide workers access to shade for preventative cool-down rest when needed. Workers should not wait until they feel sick to cool down. * If the temperature is 100 degrees or higher, employers must ensure there is enough cooling shade at all times to accommodate all workers on a break at any time, and must ensure mandatory preventative cool-down rest periods of at least ten minutes every two hours. * In order to be cooling, shade must block direct sunlight and not be in areas where the heat defeats the purpose of the shade, such as in a car without running air conditioning or shade provided by crops where heat and moisture are trapped in the area.

* Alternative cooling methods may be used instead of shade, such as temperaturecontrolled environments like air-conditioned trailers or misting stations.

* Respond to workers showing signs and symptoms of heat-related illness by relieving them from duty, providing shade or other sufficient means to cool down, and monitoring to determine whether medical attention is necessary. * Develop and implement procedures to identify workers showing signs and symptoms of heat-related illness, including workers working alone. Effective procedures include: - Observing workers for alertness and signs or symptoms of heatrelated illness. Observation can be done by a supervisor or by other workers when assigned to watch out for each out as part of a buddy system - Monitoring workers through regular communication, such as radio or cellular, including workers that are working alone or performing duties in areas where observation is not possible. * Ensure effective procedures for obtaining emergency medical services when needed. Time is critical.

In June 2021, an excessive heat advisory was forecasted reaching over 100 degrees. To protect workers, nurseries and landscape companies reduced hours and limited work.

Planning and Training

* Develop and implement an outdoor heat exposure safety plan as part of the written Accident Prevention Plan. * Train all workers and supervisors about heat-related illnesses and the company’s outdoor heat exposure plan. For more information on requirements and best practices for preventing heat-related illness, including a question and answer sheet and fact sheet available in English and Spanish to help understand the new emergency requirements, see the DOSH Hazard Alert, Outdoor Workers at Increased Risk for Heat Illness and Death During Extreme Heat Events, at www.Lni.wa.gov/ HazardAlerts. Specific Rules on Outdoor Heat Exposure: - General industry: WAC 296-62-065 - Agriculture: WAC 296-307-097 Source: Washington State Labor & Industries.

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Exposure to Wildfire Smoke Worker Protections

On July 16, L&I adopted an emergency rule to protect workers who are exposed to wildfire smoke on the job. This rule is effective from July 16, 2021 through November 13, 2021. In general, covered employers must: 1. Include wildfire smoke precautions in their Accident Prevention Program. A template has been provided to guide employers in effectively implementing these precautions. 2. Determine employee exposure to PM2.5 before and periodically during each shift when smoke is present. 3. Train employees who work near wildfire smoke with PM2.5 levels of 20.5 μg/m3 (WAQA 101, AQI 69) or more. 4. Inform employees of available protective measures against wildfire smoke. 5. Encourage employees to report worsening air quality and any health effects resulting from poor air quality. 6. Be prepared to respond appropriately to any employee with symptoms of wildfire smoke exposure. 7. When wildfire smoke conditions are particularly severe (minimum AQI 151, WAQA 173, PM2.5 55.5 µg/m3), employers must:

Alert employees of the air quality hazard.

- Implement feasible exposure controls to protect workers from wildfire smoke. - Provide respirators and encourage their voluntary use.

Checking Local Air Quality

There are many useful sources of real-time air quality information. Some popular sources include online tools such as: - AirNow.gov from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - Air Quality Map from the Washington State Department of Ecology, and - U.S. Forest Service tools

Air Quality Scores – PM2.5, WAQA, and AQI

Different air quality sources use real-time data to create an air quality score. Some sources measure airborne particulate matter (such as PM2.5) directly, whereas other sources will use the Washington Air Quality Advisory (WAQA) or the Air Quality Index (AQI). No matter which metric you use, the table below indicates the thresholds at which wildfire smoke precautions must be taken by employers and employees. Air Quality Score Table

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(Top) Nurseries adapted hours to address excessive heat and wildfire smoke. Above, Flower World in Snohomish announced their early closure to their customers via facebook. ---------------------------------------------

Additional Resources

Source: https://lni.wa.gov/safety-health/safety-topics/topics/wildfiresmoke#training-and-resources - Wildfire smoke online training. ( A prerecorded session.) - WIldfire smoke safety training kit (sample training program) in English & Spanish - Wildfire smoke Accident Prevention Program (APP) addendum template - Improving Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality during Wildfire Smoke Events (Dept. of Health) - Protecting workers from wildfire smoke exposure: best practices (F101-190-000) Protegiendo a los trabajadores expuestos al humo de incendios forestales: consejos prácticos (Spanish version) - Recommendations for wildfire smoke and COVID-19 during the 2021 wildfire season (Dept. of Health) - Wildfire Smoke - What To Do if a Worker Becomes Ill (F101-191-000) Qué hacer si un trabajador se enferma por estar expuesto al humo de incendios forestales (Spanish version) - Wildfire Smoke Safety (Pacific Northwest Agriculture Safety & Health Center at UW)

You may remember reading calls for Pollinator Health Task Force participants here in the B&B throughout 2019. Recently retired from WSU Kitsap Extension, with atypical time on my hands, I thought I might be able to lend knowledge, experience and passion to the topic. After a helpful and encouraging conversation with Heather Hansen, WSNLA’s lobbyist, she put me in touch with the new Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA) Pollinator Health Coordinator, Katie Buckley, and I volunteered as a task force participant. I’d like to share my very positive experience as a first time participant in the process of creating legislative recommendations; but first a little background. Washington’s pollinator species are critical to ecosystem stability and agricultural yield. In addition to over 400 different species of native bees and the non-native honey bee, butterflies, moths, wasps, flies, beetles, and hummingbirds play a key role in food security, human welfare and environmental health. Many species, such as the Monarch butterfly and western bumble bee have experienced sharp declines. Pollinator losses are a local, as well as global problem.

President Obama established the Pollinator Health Task Force in 2014, encouraging states to create Managed Pollinator Protection Plans (MP3s). Washington’s MP3 was completed in 2018 with no changes, spurring state legislators to make pollinators and their habitat a priority. In 2019, Senate Bill 5552 unanimously passed, creating the WSDA Pollinator Program and requiring it to set up the Pollinator Health Task Force (PHTF). The task force’s work needed to be finalized by fall 2020. PHTF’s purpose: to develop recommendations for a state pollinator health strategy that included specific action plans to prevent losses of all pollinator species. The legislature wanted suggested policies, partnerships, and educational programs to create and restore habitat as well as research action plans for understanding and preventing pollinator losses. Detailed targets and plans for agencies to adopt for enhancing pollinator habitat on state managed properties was required. Also requested: public-private partnerships to encourage pollinator protection, and plans to enhance communication between beekeepers, landowners and pesticide applicators. All task force recommendations needed to include Continued on page 16. Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association - 15

The 5 categories of recommendations: Research, Pesticides, Habitat, Managed Pollinators, Education. These topics reflected the goals set in the original bill & each category was defined & fleshed out by a corresponding task force subcommittee. legislative, administrative and budgetary actions for implementation. Bill 5552 required the task force to include a wide group of subject matter experts and diverse stakeholder perspectives. That requirement was met, with more than 40 individuals, representing interested citizens from both sides of the Cascades, industry (including the green industry and pesticide applicators), farmers, beekeepers, scientists from WSU and many state agencies. The first meeting of the PHTF was held in Yakima on December 9, 2019; the full report with task force recommendations reached the legislature November 2020, and I’m thrilled to say: Governor Inslee signed SB 5253 into law on May 12th. It goes into effect July 25, 2021. The law made the task force permanent, and set it to work on how to implement its recommendations. When the bill was signed into law, I reached out to Katie Buckley to pass along my congratulations and to get her perspective on the process of leading the task force and witnessing its recommendations progress in the legislative session. Katie was herself new to the legislative process. I was curious how the recommendations were received by legislators and committees, what amendments were made, and what she personally was surprised by, and learned. “It was a really gratifying experience doing this despite the occasional squabbles,” she told me.

16 - The B&B Magazine

Katie shared that the task force’s broad inclusivity of stakeholders and unique process of creating, editing and approving recommendations by members was praised. The model the task force used to format, create and vote on recommendations was based on what was done in Minnesota, which had recently enacted comprehensive pollinator health strategies. The first work of the task force was to outline a charter and find a starting point to work from. I was told by a participant who is quite experienced in these matters, that the approach was atypical for Washington legislative recommendations. The 5 categories of recommendations: Research, Pesticides, Habitat, Managed Pollinators, Education. These topics reflected the goals set in the original bill and each category was defined and fleshed out by a corresponding task force subcommittee. Based on my knowledge and experience, I volunteered for both the Habitat and Education subcommittees, though all task force members were responsible for reading, editing and voting on the recommendations of each subcommittee. The content of the recommendations was accessible to all online via Google Docs. Katie testified in the Senate on behalf of the task force’s recommendations, and read through all amended versions and fiscal notes. The fiscal notes indicate what each agency has asked for in funding the bill (WSDA, WSU, WDFW, Conservation District, etc.). Almost all recommendations

were accepted, with the exception of the communication plan involving beekeepers, pesticide applicators and growers. The task force needs to spend more time researching options in this area. Other changes include a requested research review by WSDA of how neonicotinoid pesticides affect pollinators. According to Katie, the PHTF received kudos for delivering the recommendations two months ahead of deadline. “We were able to get disparate groups such as pesticide applicators and conservation groups to agree on a set of actions to prevent pollinator losses,” Katie indicated with pride. From my perspective, discussions were candid and respectful, and all input and ideas were welcomed and debated. As a CPH, I had several goals as a participant. Firstly, I wanted landscape and nursery industry perspectives in the discussions. I discovered initially some participants felt the landscape industry would be opposed to pollinator protections. I arranged to have Breanne Chavez present to the PHTF on WSNLA’s pollinator health education efforts amongst professionals and the public. Addressing misperceptions of our industry was important to me, as was promoting the beneficial relationship home gardeners have with nurseries for the selection of appropriate pollinator plant species. Section 3 (f) Recommendation 3.7 reads: “Educate the public through plant nurseries about the necessity for blooming nectar

September 21, 8 to 9am

WSNLA Virtual Garden Center Roundtable: Pollinator Education & Outreach

The Washington State Legislators recently passed SB5253, which allocates funds to educate the public through garden centers and nurseries. Katie Buckley, WSDA Pollinator Task Force facilitator will share insight about the funded project and gather input from you on what materials and activities are most needed to support your customer education of pollinator friendly plants. This interactive roundtable provides an opportunity for you to share input on how these funds are spent. Are there effective strategies at your nursery that could be enhanced? Are there holes that could be filled? Is more needed to extend education into the Fall and Winter? From signage to publications to speakers, share your input and ensure materials are designed to work for your education needs.

plants to be available to pollinators throughout their respective active seasons.” And specifically calls out the role of independent nursery centers as a “great source of information for home gardeners who turn to these groups for advice on which plants to purchase.” As the task force works towards an implementation plan for this recommendation, the Nursery Research Fund or WSNLA’s Scholarship and Research Charitable Fund could be a possible source for funding for nursery education efforts such as pollinator friendly plant signage. Secondly, I sought to make sure that nonnative plants were not demonized in the recommendations. On several occasions, I shared research papers dispelling the myth that “nativars” (cultivars of native species) and ornamentals lack pollinator resources (habitat, nectar and pollen) with task force members. Here’s an example of wording from the law: “Planting projects should provide diverse native and/or non-native, noninvasive, plants of high quality for foraging, nesting and overwintering, as determined by site suitability.” Having as a designer, been pigeonholed into inadequate plant selection based on required plant lists created by bureaucrats with no plant knowledge, I wanted to make sure recommendations didn’t create unintended limitations on appropriate and successful planting plans for public or private lands. And lastly, I wanted to make sure the recommendations didn’t put undue and unrealistic burdens on those designing, installing and maintaining landscapes. In other words, the recommendations

for the creation and care of pollinator habitat should be practical and in keeping with current processes. While working on Section 7 Recommendation which has been now added to Chapter 39.04 RCW, “If a public works project includes landscaping, at least 25% of the planted area must be pollinator habitat to the extent practicable”, I wanted to understand how state managed landscapes were planned, designed, approved, installed and maintained. I had very productive conversations with Brent Chapman, who wrote an article for the B&B about the Capitol Campus pollinator garden, as well as Kevin Dragon, Department of Enterprise Services, whose team works on capital budgets for state managed landscapes. I learned when and how pollinator guidelines could be added most productively and seamlessly to landscape design and maintenance specs to honor the intent of keeping the integrity of pollinator habitat, while creating capacity for mitigation in the course of real world issues, such as plant failure and tree senescence. I was able to introduce these knowledgeable professionals and the information they gave me to Katie Buckley and the task force as we debated the finer points of the recommendation. For the 10 months the PHTF subcommittees wrote, edited, and discussed science based action items to best protect pollinators, the uncertainty of the COVID pandemic and its human and financial toll unfolded and mounted. I was personally uncertain and pessimistic how the recommendations would be received by the legislature in the face of such daunting fiscal and practical matters. I told

Katie that I was pleasantly surprised at the acceptance of most recommendations, given the unfortunate timing. She, too, had been pleased to witness almost unanimous support for the recommendations of the task force by the legislature and Governor. The first PHTF meetings were held in Yakima, and I participated via WebEx. Little did we know, that videoconferencing would end up the de facto method for PHTF general and subcommittee meetings. Katie believes the WebEx format for the PHTF meetings, while not initially planned, allowed many more people from all corners of Washington to actively and regularly participate than were the meetings held in person. Likewise for the legislative session, Katie noted that more people were able to watch live, and testify live from the safety and comfort of their kitchen tables. Katie also reminded me that the first meeting of the PHTF in December 2019 happened to coincide with the discovery of Asian Giant Hornet and a week after the major pest of mason bees, the Houdini Fly, was first reported in Washington. Those new, serious threats to pollinators, had underscored in a very visceral way, the importance of a comprehensive pollinator health policy. Katie said, “I’ve been pleasantly surprised about how many people are passionate about pollinators and want to be involved,” as she mentioned several new groups who are joining the task force now. As a participant, I am more knowledgeable about pollinator species, their threats, the great work being done to prevent pollinator losses, as well as of the legislative process now. The PHTF’s deadline to complete an implementation plan is December 2022. I encourage WSNLA members and green industry professionals to read the new law, and to get involved with pollinator health policy making. To learn more about the Pollinator Health Task Force: https://agr.wa.gov/ departments/insects-pests-and-weeds/ insects/apiary-pollinators/pollinatorhealth/task-force To read the bill as passed by the Legislature: https://app.leg.wa.gov/billsummary?BillNu mber=5253&Year=2021&Initiative=false Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association - 17

INDUSTRY NEWS WSDA Rulemaking Update Chapter 16-470 WAC, Japanese Beetle Notification of Rulemaking Activity

The Washington State Dept. of Agriculture initiated rulemaking to amend chapter 16-470 of the Washington Administrative Code (WAC), Quarantine – Agricultural Pests, by filing a CR-101 with the Office of the Code Reviser on August 18, 2021.

Overview of Rulemaking

The department is considering amending and expanding the Japanese beetle quarantine to include portions of Yakima County, Benton County, and other areas of the state found to be infested. The current quarantine specified in chapter 16470 WAC is solely an exterior quarantine that applies to over 30 states; encompassing most of the Midwest, South, and Northeast areas of the United States.

Documents Related to Rulemaking

The CR-101 can be found on our website at https://agr. wa.gov/services/rulemaking/wac-16-470-japanesebeetle-081821. We will send you additional information as we progress through the rule making process. The department will hold public hearing(s) to receive information and comments regarding the proposed amendments on a date to be determined. To watch for the date and to learn how to submit written comments, please visit: https://agr.wa.gov/services/rulemaking/wac-16470-japanese-beetle-081821#submitting%20written%20 comments

Farwest Show judges choose Sensational® Lavender as Best in Show at New Varieties Showcase

Sensational® Lavender (Lavandula intermedia ‘Tesseract’ PP31786) was chosen by judges as the Best in Show winner in the 2021 Farwest Show’s New Varieties Showcase. The plant, discovered by Lloyd Traven and Richard Grazzini and introduced by Peace Tree Farms based in Kintnersville, Pennsylvania, was one of 74 outstanding new selections on display at the 2021 Farwest Show and available from at least one show exhibitor. Sensational Lavender is available from Walla Walla Nursery Co. It is described as “the next generation of Lavender Phenomenal.” The plant boasts “incredibly large and thick flowers and sturdy stems,” along with “broad silver foliage that is “thick and tough” and a “thick floral aroma.” Other attributes include a dense habit, heat tolerance, humidity tolerance and cold tolerance. 18 - The B&B Magazine

State eradicates first Asian giant hornet nest of 2021, asks public to continue reporting WSDA staff began Wednesday’s eradication by vacuuming 113 worker hornets from the nest. Once the worker hornets were removed, the team began removing bark and decayed wood near the base of an alder tree at the entrance to the nest. Removing the wood revealed that the hornets had excavated the interior of the tree to make room for the nest, which consisted of nine layers of comb. The portion of the tree with the nest was cut and transported to Washington State University Extension in Bellingham for further analysis. In addition to the worker hornets vacuumed from the tree, WSDA staff caught 67 additional hornets in the area with nets during the eradication. The nest itself had nearly 1,500 hornets in various stages of development. “While we are glad to have found and eradicated this nest so early in the season, this detection proves how important public reporting continues to be,” Sven Spichiger, WSDA managing entomologist said. “We expect there are more nests out there and, like this one, we hope to find them before they can produce new queens. Your report may be the one that leads us to a nest.” Anne LeBrun, National Policy Manager for Pollinator Pest Programs with the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service noted that successful cooperation between State and Federal agencies and members of the public is paying off in Washington. “We are pleased to play a role in this collaborative success by sharing technical expertise, providing financial support, and collaborating on survey and research efforts,” said LeBrun. “Public involvement remains an essential part of eradicating this hornet.” WSDA will continue to trap for Asian giant hornets through the end of November. People who would like to set their own traps can find instructions on WSDA’s website. Those who suspect they have seen an Asian giant hornet should take a photograph if possible and visit agr.wa.gov/hornets to report the sighting. Asian giant hornets are the world’s largest hornet and are not native to North America. They prey on honey bees and other insects. They can conduct mass attacks on honey bee hives, destroying the hive in a matter of hours. The hornets were first detected in the United States in 2019 when a hornet was reported in Whatcom County. Since that time, WSDA has been working with local, state, and federal partners to find and eradicate the hornets and prevent them from establishing in the United States. For more information visit https://agr.wa.gov/departments/insectspests-and-weeds/insects/hornets.

Northwest Flower & Garden Festival Returns February 2022.

After a challenging ‘no event’ year Marketplace Events is pleased to once again present the Northwest Flower & Garden Festival, Feb 9-13, 2022 at the Washington State Convention Center. Plans are underway for a return of the vendor market, seminars, City Living patios and of course the Display Gardens. To be a part of this industry event contact Lloyd Glasscock, lloydg@mpeshows.com or by phone 425.422.3336.

Join the WSNLA Garden Show Team Contact WSNLA by October 15.

Give back to your industry through involvement on the WSNLA Garden Show Team. Help plant inspiration with a small container display that serves to promote industry professionalism, highlight the benefits of plants and landscapes and drive traffic to member businesses after the show. Involvement on the team includes collaboratively developing the design concept for WSNLA’s container display on the show garden floor, leadership with set-up and teardown, including support with coordinating materials and supplies. This is an excellent opportunity to network with industry colleagues and promote your business, while marketing the industry as a whole. If you’re interested, please contact WSNLA by October 15 at (253) 2797061 or breanne@wsnla.org.

LLC

www.BIRINGERNURSERY.com

Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association - 19

Bugs & Blights

Sharon Collman, Emerius Professor, WSU Extension

and Blights by Sharon J. Collman, BugsBugs and Blights by Sharon J. Collman,

Emeritus Professor, WSU Extension Sharon is a lecturer, writer, gardener, and photographer on topics related to insects, and plant problem Jerusalem cricket This uncrickety looking Emeritus Professor, WSU Extension diagnosis. She too cricket is not a pest of nurseries, but you indoors for Sharon is a lecturer, writer, comes gardener, and Jerusalem cricket This uncrickety looking Professor, WSU Extension winter. In spring, get photos or questions from customers photographer on topics related tobeinsects, and plantis not a pest of nurseries, cricket but you may she can found a lecturer, writer, gardener, and supporting local time to time especially in E. WA. These problem diagnosis. She too comes indoors get for winter. photos or questions from customers from nurseries by buying pher on and plant insects spend most of their life burrowin Intopics spring,related she cantobeinsects, found supporting local nurseries pollinator plants for time to time especially in E. WA. These diagnosis. She too comes indoors forher winter. and feeding on roots. Once her pollinator demo by buying pollinator plants for pollinator demo spendunderground insects most of their lifefactor”, burrowing in Mountlake getThis pastuncrickety the “ick they are pretty she can be found supporting localgarden nurseries garden in Mountlake Terrace or lurking among Jerusalem cricket looking Jerusalem cricket This uncrickety looking Jerusalem cricket This uncrickety looking cricket is not a Terrace. underground and feeding on roots. Once you us Professor, WSUWSU Extension meritus Professor, Extension

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Target the Pest. Protect the Rest.

utterfly, (Pieris rapae) AKA Imported cabbageDiamond back moth (Plutella xylostella) larvae are during the day and thus is blamed for most quite tiny so it’s hard to believe they can cause cabbage family plants. But in reality, there damage but(Plutella they make up larvae in numbers what Cabbage butterfly, (Pieris rapae) AKA Imported cabbage- much Diamond back moth xylostella) are ects that make crucifers holier than thou:for most they in it’s size. Wikipedia hascan ancause exceptionally worm, flies during the day and thus is blamed quitelack tiny so hard to believe they damage to cabbage family plants. But in reality, there much damage but they make up in numbers what natural oper, cutworms, diamond back moths and good summary of the biology, life cycles, several insects that make crucifers holier than they lack inIsabella. size. Wikipedia has(Plutella an exceptionally Banded woolly bear caterpillars are most often a thou: noticed in Cabbage Cabbage butterfly, butterfly, (Pieris (Pieris rapae) rapae) AKA Imported AKA Imported cabbagecabbageDiamond Diamond back moth back moth (Plutella xylostella) xylostella) larvaelarvae are are The banded woollybears then Pyrrharctia goodfall news islooper, that cutworms, the 4 caterpillars can beThey enemies including parasitoids, and green as they wander in search of winter protection. only cabbage diamond back moths and good summary of the biology, life cycles, natural in spring, a bit, and transform thecause adult worm,worm, flies during flies during the day theand daythus andisthus blamed is blamed for most for mostemerge quite quite tiny sotiny it’sfeed so hard it’s to hard believe to believe theytocan they can cause feed on weeds (which cannot be a bad thing). It does not with Bt if they are present. Slugs require slug lacewings. moth, (which becomes bird food). There are a few other slugs. The good news is that the 4 caterpillars can be enemies including parasitoids, and green damage damage tostinging cabbage to cabbage family family plants. But may inBut reality, in reality, there much much damage damage but they butmake they make up in numbers up in numbers what what have hairs, though someplants. folks develop a rash.there caterpillars listed as woolly bears on the website below. controlled with Bt if they are present. Slugs require slug lacewings. hould be applied where they rest in daytime. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamondback_moth several insects that make that make crucifers crucifers holier thaneyes, thou: than they lack theyinlack size.inWikipedia size. Wikipedia has anhas exceptionally an exceptionally Ifseveral you getinsects the hairs on your hand and rub holier your youthou: will baits and should be applied where they rest inthe daytime. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamondback_moth For more information: https://oregondigital.org/sets/kenbe in a world of hurt, as the hairs can penetrate eyeball. cabbage cabbage looper, looper, cutworms, cutworms, diamond diamond back moths back moths and and#Larvae good summary good summary of theof biology, the biology, life cycles, life cycles, natural natural sense.cahnrs.wsu.edu/Search/MainMenuWith http://hortsense.cahnrs.wsu.edu/Search/MainMenuWith gray/oregondigital:df718536z #Larvae slugs.For slugs. The good The news good news is that isthe that 4 the caterpillars 4 caterpillars can becan be enemies enemies including including parasitoids, parasitoids, and green and green more information: https://s3.wp.wsu.edu/uploads/ aspx?CategoryId=5&PlantDefId=44&ProblemId FactSheet.aspx?CategoryId=5&PlantDefId=44&ProblemId

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Slugs tuck themselves in among the leaves and feed on the leafy greens. Look for black squiggles of poo among the leaves while caterpillars leaf Fleas may hitch a ride to winter quarters (your home) on Flea larvae live on dander (flakes of skin with saliva ) from the chunky pellets behind. pets. If you leave home the flea larvae will change to the pet, so they tend to be more concentrated where pets sleep ------------------------------------------------------------Cutworms (Noctuidae) come in many species with varied or pupa but arrest their development until you return. Then jump down from furniture,in which dislodges eggs and Slugs tuck themselves among theboth leaves and Cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) is also reduce a serious colors and patterns. disturbed they witherupt their head dander. all the larvae that haveIfbeen turning intocoil pupae Vacuuming often can significantly fleas emerging Slugs tuck tuck themselves in among invacation among the the leaves and and feed on thethemselves leafy greens. forleaves squiggles pest ofSlugs cabbage. tucked in the center. Adults, exhausted a night of simultaneously en masse as hungry adults.after Well-come as adults Vacuum before you go onLook toblack minimize the feed feed the on leafy the greens. leafy greens. Look for Look black for black squiggles squiggles ho-ome!! Whitefree socksofare favorite monitoring tool. trying to break thea lure of night-lights, oftenAdult rest ofwelcoming varmints when you return. pooon among the leaves while caterpillars leaf fleas will be very visible, and you can also gauge how bad of poo of among poo among the leaves the leaves while while caterpillars caterpillars leaf leaf on walls and patios in the morning. Type hortsense and chunky behind. For IPM pellets cultural and pesticide options see WSU’s Pestsense: the infestation is. If your socks turn black, you have got your chunky chunky pelletspellets behind. behind. WSU or http://pestsense.cahnrs.wsu.edu/Search/ work cut out for you. The goodspecies news is that if you knock ------------------------------------------------------------(Noctuidae) come in many with varied http://hortsense.cahnrs.wsu.edu/Home/HortsenseHome. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------By Alton N. Sparks, Jr., Cutworms Cutworms (Noctuidae) (Noctuidae) come in many in many species species with varied with varied MainMenuWithFactSheet.aspx?CategoryId=3&ProblemId=774 down the adults before theycome mate and lay eggs, you also Cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) is isalso aaserious aspx patterns. If disturbed they coil with their head University of Georgia, The(Trichoplusia Bugwood ----------------------------------------------------------Cabbage Cabbage looper looper (Trichoplusia ni)Network. is also ni) aalso serious serious the patterns. fleasIfsubstantially. colorsdecrease colors and patterns. and disturbed If disturbed they coil theywith coiltheir with head their head Pestsense recommendations are reviewed for accuracy and to ensure the pesticides in your browser, then select the host category (e.g. https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curi pest ofofpest cabbage. pest cabbage. ofNurseries cabbage. he center. Adults, exhausted after aproblems night of tucked tucked indry the in center. the center. Adults, exhausted exhausted aafter night of night of are registered in WA. could list products you carry to make it faster to find a The cold winters seemAdults, to reduce fleaafter in aeastern ornamentals, vegetables, etc.), then select the specific d=7038081 product when a customer is seeking advice. Be cautious of internet solutions because Washington but the moderate winter in western Washington trying trying to break to break free of free the of lure the of lure night-lights, of night-lights, often often rest rest eak free the lure of etc.) night-lights, often rest conditions and registered pesticides may vary in different states. plantof (cabbage, hosta, allow fleas (and mosquitoes) to survive so they do not start on walls on and walls patios and patios in the in morning. the morning. Type hortsense Type hortsense and and d patios inspring. the morning. Type hortsense and over in Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association - 21

WSU or WSU or

WSNLA Scholarship & Research

Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association

Charitable Fund

WSNLA MARKETPLACE

PLANTS & TREES AVAILABLE

SPECIMEN STREET AND LANDSCAPE TREES IN LARGE ROOT CONTROL BAGS. Year around availability, easier shipping,handling and establishment. MountVernon. (360) 428-5810. Fax (360) 428-1822. www. urbanforestnursery.com. WSNLA MEMBER.

OREGON TURF AND TREE FARMS SPECIMEN SHADE TREES AVAILABLE in 25 gallon containers and B&B. Availability online at Oregonlawn.com or 800.426.1335. Promote your job openings, plants and trees for sale, and other classified listings! Email your copy to breanne@wsnla.org.

WSNLA EVENTS

SEPTEMBER 21, 8 - 9AM. GARDEN CENTER ROUNDTABLE: POLLINATOR EDUCATION & OUTREACH. RSVP at WSNLA.ORG/ events.

Plant Your Lasting Legacy Consider creating a lasting legacy with a named scholarship that supports horticulture students as they work to continue their education and advance their professional ambition.

WSNLA.org/MakeADonation The WSNLA Scholarship & Research Charitable Fund is a tax-exempt 501(c) (3) organization. Your donation to The WSNLA Scholarship Fund is fully taxdeductible. For more information on contributing to The WSNLA Scholarship Fund, please visit www.wsnla.org/MakeADonation or contact the WSNLA office at (253) 279-7061. 22 - The B&B Magazine

SEPTEMBER 22, 9 - 10AM. WHAT’S HAPPENING TO OUR URBAN TREES. Presenter: Scott Baker, Tree-Solutions, Inc. Register at www.wsnla.org/events. CPH, EPC & ISA credit available. OCTOBER 20, 9 - 10AM. MEADOWS & MARSHES: LESSONS LEARNED FROM INSTALLATION TO MAINTENANCE. Presenter: Haley Wiggins, CPH, The Bloedel Reserve. Register at www.wsnla.org/events. CPH & EPC Credit available. NOVEMBER 3, 9 - 10AM. ADA ADA COMPLIANCE & HACKERS: WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW TO PROTECT YOUR WEBSITE. Presenter: Mike Pritchard, Pritchard

Websites. Register at www.wsnla.org/

events. CPH & EPC Credit available. NOVEMBER 1-5, 2021 - ECOPRO TRAINING & EXAM - VIRTUAL.

HOSTED BY CITY OF BELLINGHAM. COST: $150. ecoPRO Handbooks are provided complimentary to all registrants. Space is limited to 28. Register at WSNLA.org/ events.

NOVEMBER 16, 3 - 3:45PM. WSNLA LEGISLATIVE SUMMIT. Free for WSNLA

MEMBERS | $25 for CPH, EPC or NON MEMBERS. Hear directly from WSNLA Lobbist Heather Hansen on issues coming in this year’s legislative session. Voice your input and concerns as we gear up to advocate for your business. Register at www.wsnla.org/EVENTS.

GARDEN CENTERS, DO YOU HAVE EVENTS YOU WOULD LIKE TO BE PUBLICIZED TO THE PUBLIC? As

a member, your events are posted on GardenWashington.com for free. Be sure to share your calendar of events with the WSNLA office for inclusion. Call 253.661.6055, email: breanne@wsnla.org.

WSNLA CAREER CENTER

The WSNLA Career Center connects employers with qualified applicants; students with internships; and job seekers with potential employers.

Post & Search Job Openings | Promote Intership Opportunities Advertise to over 2500+ nursery and landscape professionals.

Get Started @ WSNLA.ORG/Networking

FindPlantsPNW.com

Connecting Buyers With Growers & Suppliers

WHAT IS FINDPLANTSPNW.COM?

FindPlantsPNW.com is WSNLA’s business to business plant and product sourcing guide developed by the industry; for the industry. It is your online resource for wholesale buyers looking for plants, products and supplies that can be accessed anywhere!

AUDIENCE USER: Wholesale buyers of plants and products needed to stock retail nurseries or landscape jobs.

EXCITING NEW FEATURES

Search Tool Map: Users can easily navigate the results which are also accompanied by the mapping tool showing locations. Customizable Filters: Customize your results by location, convenience or by current availability. Zoom in features help to navigate to the growers and suppliers nearest to you. Growing List of Availability & Products: Growers and suppliers can update and list new plants and products anytime throughout the year, making this source an evolving and reliable tool for buyers looking to source material.

CONNECTING BUYERS: FindPlantsPNW.com will be promoted to wholesale buyers throughout the Pacific Northwest region, including retail nurseries and garden centers, landscape contractors and maintenance professionals, landscape designers and landscape architecture firms, landscape, municipalities and parks departments, and more! ARE YOU INTERESTED IN LISTING YOUR PLANTS, PRODUCTS, OR SERVICES? Contact WSNLA at (253) 661-6055, breanne@ wsnla.org.

Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association - 23

Washington State Nursery & Landscape Association 34400 Pacific Hwy S., Ste 2 Federal Way, WA 98003 Address Service Requested

503-678-2700

info@ovg.com * www.ovg.com 20357 Hwy 99 E * Aurora, OR 97002

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