MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY M.5 by wuthichart

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE

565 Samsen Rd., Dusit, Bangkok 10300. THAILAND Tel. 0 2243 0065, 0 2243 7002, 0 2243 2153 Fax: 0 2243 2150

http://www.sg.ac.th

MY WORLD

VOCABULARY S A I N T G A B R I E L’ S C O L L E G E VOCABULARY FOR SECONDARY 5

REVISED EDITION 2022

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE

565 Samsen Road, Dusit, Bangkok 10300. THAILAND. Tel. 0-2243-0065, 0-2243-7002, 0-2243-2153, Fax: 0-2243-2150, Website: http://www.sg.ac.th ISBN: 978-616-7675-01-5 Copyright©2020: Saint Gabriel’s College

PREFACE Nowadays, learning English is the most essential activity in our daily routine. Needless to say, it is the most fundamental means of communication in the field of education in order to instill in the learner’s positive attitudes towards English language. Consequently, the learner can use the language in multiple life situations, and in search for knowledge to sustain a career and further high level of studies. In addition, it can also aid the ability to understand various cultural differences and challenges. Therefore, the teaching and learning process is considered to be most beneficial as the teacher educates the subject content thus enabling the learner to grasp in a less complex effort. This vocabulary book is published for the exclusive use in teaching and learning of five basic subjects namely Mathematics, Science, Technology and Occupation, Social Studies, Religion and Culture and English for Primary 1 to Secondary 6 students. This book introduces English vocabulary words used in the abovementioned subjects with examples on how to adapt them in daily communication to attain goals and efficiency. It is with great expectation that the contents in this English vocabulary book may benefit the teachers and students in a way that it is genuinely learned as English is a medium of instruction. Every single vocabulary word is related to the learner’s daily life. The contents are expected to respond to the basic learning needs and preferences of the learner and therefore may involve recreational learning and utmost advantage. Finally, I would like to acknowledge the valuable efforts of the teachers of the Foreign Languages Department, the Academic Affairs, and those who in one way or another have been part of the preparation and success of this book. God bless you constantly. (Bro. Monthol Prathumarach, Ph.D.) Director March 2022

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS HONORARY ADVISOR : Bro. Dr. Monthol Prathumarach COMMITTEE : Bro.Manit Sakonthawat, M.A. Bro.Pathanant Chaiyara Board of Director Mr.Thong-in Sawaengsin, M.A. Mr.Pisit Krittayanawach, M.A. Mr.Avirut Wisetchart, M.A. Mr.Yutthachai Ittivorachet, M.M. Ms.Yaowaluck Yoocharoen, M.A. Ms.Pornsirin Watthanasathian, M.A. English Teachers Primary 1 - Secondary 6

EDITORIAL TEAM : Mr.Yutthachai Ittivorachet, M.M. Members of the Foreign Language Department DESIGN & LAYOUT : Mr.Wutichart Chatarupacheewin, M.FA. Mr.Sarayut Jorjaroenpanich Mr.Peerawit Arjloi Mr.Pheempapob Chatarupacheewin PRODUCED BY : Saint Gabriel’s College BANGKOK, THAILAND Copyright @ 2018

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE

565 Samsen Rd., Dusit, Bangkok 10300. THAILAND. Tel. 0-2243-0065, 0-2243-7002, 0-2243-2153, Fax: 0-2243-2150 Website: http://www.sg.ac.th

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any forms or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Saint Gabriel’s College. SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

CONTENTS Preface Coat of Arms Foreign Languages (English) Mathematics Science and Technology Social Studies Occupation

1 4 6 18 24 38 54

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

COAT OF ARMS Coat of arms is a translation of the French COTTE D’ ARMES. Usually it is depicted with the particular heraldic bearings of a person or family on an escutcheon, and from it we can learn much about the person or family which adopted the particular coat of arms. BROTHERS OF ST. GABRIEL The name “the Brothers of St. Gabriel” reminds us of those Brothers who sacrificed their lives, and their mother’s land, in order to help educate and develop our Thai children to grow in the right path. “LABOR OMNIA VINCIT” is the motto of our school. “We can overcome all difficulties through working hard,” or, as the Latin proverb says : “Labor conquers all things.”

“Life - Boat” Symbolized By “The Ship in The Sea”

“The ship in the Sea” symbolizes that we have to keep on struggling and facing different difficulties in the sea of life, just like the ship or the boat that fights stormy wing, steamy sun and rainy sea in order NOT to capsize in the middle of the sea. This should always remind us that “Life is a Struggle” or “To Live is to Struggle” against the problems and difficulties and not to give up.

“DS” (read “D and S”) Cross In The Middle With The Cross “D” or Divinity represents “Religion”. We all need religion in life and mind. The Cross is the symbol of “love” and “sacrifice” just as Jesus sacrificed his life for our love and he redeemed our sins as he said: “There is no other love greater than sacrificing our life for others.” “S” or “Science” means “Knowledge,” which is the root of man’s ability to reason. Everyone should always aim at gaining more knowledge. The

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

more we learn about mundane knowledge, the more we should also learn about “Dharma” or religious, ethical virtues. Moreover, DIS also comes from the French phrase, “Dieu Seul,” which means “ALL WE DO IS FOR THE GRACE OF GOD ONLY.” It is to remind us of St. Louis Marie de Montfort, the Founding Father of the Brothers of St. Gabriel’s motto. With this powerful motto, we have the will to work without yielding to difficulties, at studies as well as at work. We all uphold it up to this day.

A.M. and The White Lilies “A.M.” is abbreviated from a Latin word, “ALMA MATER,”

meaning literally, “Dear Mother,” in Latin and indicating “MOTHER COLLEGE,” which symbolizes that our institution is like our “Alma Mater”, our own birth place and as a part of our own families. We should love our institution as much as we should love our own parents. Moreover, “A.M.” is also abbreviated from “AVE MARIA” (in Latin), the name of Jesus’ Mother. This means that we should love our own Mother with our heart and soul. And the beautiful snow - white lilies are symbols to remind us that we should be clean and sincere with all our thoughts, words and minds, wherever we are.

The Star and The Man In a Boat

“The Star and the Boat” symbolizes “Spiritual Hope” meaning that religion is “the light of Dharma or Absolute Truth” and all the knowledge or sciences we have learned from the institution is “the Light of the Intelligence”. Altogether they keep conduct and intelligence on track so we are not lost or capsized in the middle of the sea of life. “The man in the boat” reflects us, ourselves, rowing or guiding our own “boat of life”.

“The Shield” That Frames The “Four Symbols”

The “Shield” that frames the “Four Symbols” is the “COAT OF ARMS” which stands for “HONOUR,” or “PRIDE and DIGNITY”. It also represents the HONOUR, DIGNITY, PRIDE AND PRAISE that our institution has received from the King who reigns over the Kingdom.

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

F O R E I GN L A N GUAG E

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

VOCABULARY

ENGLISH FUNDAMENTAL ENGLISH UNIT 1

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

ซึ่งเป็นเรื่องไม่จริง, The events depicted in this drama are แต่งขึ้น fictitious. I need to see some identification so I การแสดง 2 identification (n.) เอกลักษณ์ can turn over his personal belongings to you. 1 fictitious (adj.)

3 legend (n.)

ต�ำนาน, เรื่องเล่าลือ

่ยวกับท้องถิ่น, 4 indigenous (adj.) เกี พื้นเมือง ความหนาแน่น, 5 intensity (n.) ความรุนแรง 6 categorize (v.) แยกแยะ, จัดเป็นหมวดหมู่ 7 sustain (v.)

สนับสนุน, ค�้ำจุน

8 predict (v.)

ท�ำนาย, พยากรณ์

According to legend, the woods are used to be haunted, so people would avoid it. The most indigenous inhabitants were the American Indians. She spoke with an intensity which disturbed him. This software lets you categorize your photographs in many different ways. It was difficult for the soldiers to sustain the visibility of enemies at night. The best way to predict your future is to create it. SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

9 relevant (adj.)

เกี่ยวข้อง, สัมพันธ์กัน

10 approximately (adv.)

โดยประมาณ

Sentence

Because the job applicant's experience was not relevant to the position, we did not make him an offer of employment. There are approximately 12 million migrants with their dependents living in the EU countries.

UNIT 2

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

Her ancestors came to America in the 1880s. During our kindergarten visit, the 8th ารสื่อสาร, graders became very interactive with 12 interactive (adj.) ทีโต้่มตีกอบกั น the young children after getting to know them. It was the perfect opportunity to test 13 opportunity (n.) โอกาส her theory. sound seemed to originate from 14 originate (v.) เกิดขึ้น, เริ่มต้นขึ้น The outside the room. 15 analyst (n.) นักวิเคราะห์ I'm an analyst and skilled technician. The document provides a detailed 16 document (n.) เอกสาร explanation regarding the new rules and regulations. When they finally reached their 17 destination (n.) จุดหมายปลายทาง destination, they were very tired from driving all day. 11 ancestors (n.)

บรรพบุรุษ

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

remove your shoes when you น�ำออก, โยกย้าย Please come into the house. Obviously, they didn’t realize the 19 consequence (n.) ผลลัพธ์ consequence of their actions. Life is too short to spend it with การท� ำ ซ� ำ ้ , 20 repetition (n.) การพูดซ�้ำ repetition of old dreams that never happened. 18 remove (v.)

UNIT 3

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

21 prospect (n.)

การคาดการณ์

22 achieve (v.)

บรรลุ, ส�ำเร็จ

Sentence

A productive harvest is in prospect. He will use every possible means to achieve his goals. The police launch an investigation into his activities. Everything is going according to schedule. Every individual has rights which must never be taken away. He has an unfair advantage over us because of his wealth. His teachers always encourage him in his studies. The curriculum guide provides a framework for new teachers to refer to when making lesson plans.

ปล่อย, เริ่มด�ำเนินการ ำหนดการ, 24 schedule (n.) ก�ตารางเวลา คคล, 25 individual (n.) ตัปัวจบุเจกชน เปรียบ, 26 advantage (n.) ความได้ ผลประโยชน์ 23 launch (v.)

27 encourage (v.) ให้ก�ำลังใจ 28 curriculum (n.)

หลักสูตร

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

29 ambition (n.)

ความ ทะเยอทะยาน

30 valuable (adj.)

มีคุณค่า

Sentence

The main qualities are diligence, great ambition, and good health. He made many valuable contributions in the field of science.

UNIT 4

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

While young people tend to prefer ร่วมสมัย, contemporary music, the older 31 contemporary (adj.) รุ่นเดียวกัน generation prefers to listen to music from the 1970’s and the 1980’s. could be more beautiful than 32 architecture (n.) สถาปัตยกรรม Nothing the architecture of this ice-palace. masterpiece is a collection of short 33 masterpiece (n.) ผลงานชิ้นเอก His stories called, The Spinning Room. the foundations of any building are 34 collapse (n.) การพังทลาย, ล้ม Ifweak, collapse is possible. ความผิดพลาด, I made a really bad mistake and I 35 mistake (n.) ความเข้าใจผิด don't know what to do. ว, The crime scene was too horrible to 36 horrible (adj.) น่น่าากลั สยดสยอง describe. Public opinion can force the 37 opinion (n.) ความคิดเห็น government into action. They planned to erect a statue of 38 erect (v.) สร้างขึ้น their leader. We hope that you will be able to join 39 seminar (n.) การสัมมนา us at this seminar. SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

40 challenge (v.)

Thai Definition

Sentence

One of our jobs is to challenge the ท้าทาย, กระตุ้น World Health Organization to make a hasty decision. UNIT 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

The way he described her, I don't think she paid much attention to the mundane things in life. in the Olympics is a remarkable (adj.) พิเศษ, ยอดเยี่ยม Competing remarkable achievement. การต่อสู้, It's a conflict of interest, she said with conflict (n.) ความขัดแย้ง some exasperation. ่อมโยง, Rich people usually associate with associate ( v.) เชื รวมกลุ่ม renowned movie stars. The best method to cook beef is very method (n.) วิธีการ simple. Don’t interrupt the scientists while at interrupt (v.) ขัดจังหวะ work. การยอมรับ, Mary's parents refused their consent consent (n.) การยินยอม to her marriage. If I want to sunbathe, I should buy appropriate (adj.) เหมาะสม appropriate clothing. also has become an entrepreneur entrepreneur (n.) นักลงทุน, นายทุน She by starting several businesses. ให้การศึกษา, He constantly sought to educate his educate (v.) สั่งสอน own people.

41 mundane (adj.) ทางโลก 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

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SECONDARY 5

UNIT 6

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

I study human DNA to try to understand how our genetic codes determine the way we are. Gene therapy is starting to give us groundbreaking ที เ ่ ป็ น สิ ง ่ ใหม่ , 52 (adj.) cures for common เป็นนวัตกรรมใหม่ groundbreaking diseases. I wonder why I am shy whereas my 53 upbringing (n.) การเลี้ยงดู twin sister was easygoing, even though we had a similar upbringing. We are very much symmetrical beings, which means that one side of 54 symmetrical ที่สมมาตร our body is the mirror image of one (adj.) other. Some patients have a subconscious subconscious 55 (adj.) อยู่ใต้จิตส�ำนึก fear that they will die under anaesthetic. Internal organs include a heart, liver, 56 Internal (adj.) ภายใน lungs, kidneys and many more. debated whether to compromise 57 compromise (v.) ประนีประนอม They with the opposition parties. When you reach middle age you get a 58 perspective (n.) มุมมอง different perspective on life. Despite appearing to be a little angel, bad-tempered 59 (adj.) ขี้โมโห he transforms into a bad-tempered monster at home. She was showing greater tolerance 60 tolerance (n.) ความอดทน towards her noisy and naughty younger sister than before. 51 determine (v.)

ก�ำหนด

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

UNIT 7

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

I’m from Spain where they dub most foreign-language films in Spanish. talking during the film is the best 62 cinemagoer (n.) ผู้ชมภาพยนตร์ Not thing that a cinemagoer should do. I’ll wait for you in the foyer at half โถงนอกโรง 63 foyer (n.) past six, just five minutes before the ภาพยนตร์ film starts. เป็นอิสระ, The Institute will quickly become a 64 independent (adj.) ไม่ขึ้นกับสิ่งอื่น fully independent unit. I find people who don’t switch off their 65 irritating (adj.) น่าร�ำคาญ phones and noisily eat popcorn irritating. ทางเดินระหว่าง In a cinema, a central aisle often 66 aisle (n.) ที่นั่ง divides the halves of seating. I know you don't like her but try not to 67 obvious (adj.) ชัดเจน make it so obvious. You have to register at their website 68 register (v.) ลงทะเบียน to receive information about each event. แปลกใหม่, revolutionary expect your invention to be 69 (adj.) สร้างความแตก We ต่างอย่างสิ้นเชิง something new and revolutionary. 61 dub (v.)

พากย์เสียง

Due to an unforeseen circumstance, we had to reschedule the concert.

70 circumstance (n.) สถานการณ์

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

UNIT 8

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

transported by trains of trucks สินค้าที่ขนส่งโดย Freight can be unloaded and shipped ยานพาหนะต่างๆ around the world here as air cargo. residential area is very quiet, 72 residential (adj.) ส�ำหรับอยู่อาศัย This and the people are nice too. The view of the mountains was one 73 breathtaking น่ า ทึ ง ่ (adj.) of breathtaking beauty. สิ่งอ�ำนวยความ Facilities include a large indoor pool, 74 facility (n.) สะดวก fitness centre and sauna. the years, he came to appreciate 75 appreciate (v.) ชื่นชม, เห็นคุณค่า Over the beauty and tranquility of the river. ค�ำสรรเสริญ, การ At her funeral, her oldest friend paid 76 tribute (n.) ชืน่ ชมหรือขอบคุณ tribute to her life and work. Most customers were satisfied with 77 satisfied (adj.) พึงพอใจ the quality service they have received. can give you a rough estimate of the 78 estimate (n.) การประมาณค่า Inumber of hollow blocks you will need. Alexa’s factories manufacture these 79 manufacture (v) ผลิต face masks. The men tried to approach the 80 approach (v.) เข้าใกล้ creature cautiously from behind. 71 freight (n.)

UNIT 9

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

The children seem to be totally incapable of working by themselves.

81 incapable (adj.) ไม่สามารถ SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

Sentence

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

84 85 86 87 88 89 90

Sentence

Don't you think it's immoral to leave thousands of children without an education? irresponsible ขาดความรับผิด It would be irresponsible to carry on if (adj.) ชอบ there really was a problem. We tend to label people based on preconception ความคิดที่มี our preconception about their age, (n.) อยู่ก่อน appearance, accent and the way they behave. collaborative ซึ่งท�ำงานร่วมกัน They are collaborative people who (adj.) enjoy working together. I don't want to make an accusation accusation (n.) การกล่าวหา until I have some proof. A lot of men try to justify sharing แสดงเหตุ ผ ลว่ า justify (v.) with their girlfriends by saying ถูกต้อง, แก้ต่าง password they have nothing to hide from them. ก�ำลังใจ, Your parents will always encourage encourage (v.) ให้ ส่งเสริม you in your choice of career. It’s easy to misinterpret something ตี ค วามคลาด misinterpret (v.) เคลื่อน that someone wrote and shared when they were 13 or 14 years old. new doctor is working with his colleague (n.) เพื่อนร่วมงาน The former colleague in Arizona.

82 immoral (adj.) 83

Thai Definition

ผิดศีลธรรม

UNIT 10

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

91 genuine (adj.)

Thai Definition

Sentence

She’s convinced the picture is a genuine one drawn by Picasso.

แท้

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Knowing many languages is useful for eavesdropping on other people’s conversation. Real proficiency in a language takes proficiency (n.) ความช�ำนาญ years to acquire. บุคคลที่สื่อสารได้ She’s a polyglot and thus can speak polyglot (n.) หลายภาษา more than 8 languages. tells me I'm fat and is always derogatory (adj.) ซึ่งท�ำให้เสียหาย She making derogatory remarks Kim was utterly disappointed with utterly (adv.) อย่างถึงที่สุด Jack’s performance. Learning colloquial expressions in can help you understand more colloquial (adj.) ซึ่งเป็นภาษาพูด English and talk like a native speaker in daily conversations. She wore the funniest hat we’d ever hilarious (adj.) ตลกขบขัน seen, and it was so hilarious that we laughed so much in public. ค�ำสุภาพ euphemism (n.) (ใช้แทนภาษาที่ ‘Pass away’ is a euphemism for ‘die’. รุนแรงเกินไป) The grammar, vocabulary and influence (v.) มีอิทธิพลต่อ pronunciation of your first language influence your English learning.

92 eavesdropping การแอบฟัง (n.) 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

Sentence

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

I REALLY HAVEN'T HAD THAT EXCITING OF A LIFE. THERE ARE A LOT OF THINGS I WISH I WOULD HAVE DONE, INSTEAD OF JUST SITTING AROUND AND COMPLAINING ABOUT HAVING A BORING LIFE. SO I PRETTY MUCH LIKE TO MAKE IT UP. I'D RATHER TELL A STORY ABOUT SOMEBODY ELSE.

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

M AT HE M AT ICS

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

VOCABULARY

MATHEMATICS UNIT 1 : SEQUENCES AND SERIES

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

1 sequence (n.)

ล�ำดับ

2 arithmetic sequence (n.) 3 geometric sequence (n.) 4 common difference (n.)

ล�ำดับเลขคณิต

ผลต่างร่วม

ratio 5 common (n.)

อัตราส่วนร่วม

6 general term (n.) 7 series (n.) series 8 arithmetic (n.) series 9 geometric (n.)

พจน์ทั่วไป อนุกรม อนุกรมเลขคณิต

10 consecutive terms (n.)

พจน์ที่เรียงติดกัน

ล�ำดับเรขาคณิต

อนุกรมเรขาคณิต

Sentence

Find the next three terms of the sequence. Determine the 40th term of an arithmetic sequence 1, 5, 9, 13, . . . . In a geometric sequence, the 1st term is 4 and the 3rd term is 9. What is the common difference of an arithmetic sequence 1, 8, 15, 22, . . . . Find the common ratio of a geometric sequence if the 3rd term is 12 and the 6th term is 96. Find the general term of the sequence. Find the 10th term of the series. The sum of all terms of this arithmetic series is 4182. Which of the following is a geometric series? Find the three consecutive terms in an arithmetic progression such that their sum is 21 and their product is 315. SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

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Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

Who pays 12% interest on a car loan? set it up for 12 monthly 12 installment (n.) งวดการผ่อนช�ำระ Please installments. The most powerful force in the 13 compound ดอกเบี ย ้ ทบต้ น interest (n.) universe is compound interest. She lives off the interest and tries to 14 principal (n.) เงินต้น keep the principal intact. National Bank has set the interest 15 Interest rate (n.) อัตราดอกเบี้ย The rate at 6%. 11 interest (n.)

ดอกเบี้ย

UNIT 2 : STATISTICS

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

3 4

Sentence

The statistics show that, in general, women live longer than men. descriptive What are the differences between สถิ ต เ ิ ชิ ง บรรยาย statistics (n.) inferential and descriptive statistics? inferential What are some examples of statistics (n.) สถิติเชิงอนุมาน inferential statistics? The program will collect primary data on trade flows between Scotland and primary data (n.) ข้อมูลปฐมภูมิ the rest of the United Kingdom by a survey of the wholesale and distribution sector. Examples of quantitative data are quantitative data ข้อมูลเชิงปริมาณ scores on achievement tests, number (n.) of hours of study, or weight of a subject.

1 statistics (n.) 2

Thai Definition

สถิติ

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

data ข้อมูลทุติยภูมิ 6 secondary (n.) data ข้อมูลเชิงคุณภาพ 7 qualitative (n.) 8 questionnaire (n.) แบบสอบถาม 9 census (n.)

การส�ำมะโน

10 class mark (n.) จุดกึ่งกลางชั้น 11 cumulative frequency (n.)

ความถี่สะสม

12 stem-and-leaf plot (n.)

แผนภาพต้นใบ

arith- ค่าเฉลี่ยเลขคณิต 13 weighted metic mean (n.) แบบถ่วงน�้ำหนัก mean ค่าเฉลี่ยเลขคณิต 14 combined (n.) รวม

Sentence

The interviews were accompanied by secondary data, including company accounts and reports. Qualitative data brings you the details and the depth to understand their full implications. Visitors to the country have been asked to fill in a detailed questionnaire. We have a census in this country every ten years. All members of a class are represented by their class marks when calculating most statistics for a frequency distribution table. To calculate the cumulative frequencies, add the frequencies together. In this lesson we make a stem-and-leaf plot to clearly display data distributions. The weighted arithmetic mean of a statistical value related to a list of numbers that are associated with a coefficient: their weight. A combined mean is simply a weighted mean, where the weights are the size of each group. SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

15 median (n.) 16 mode (n.) 17 dispersion (n.) 18 range (n.) 19 standard deviation (n.) 20 variance (n.)

Thai Definition

Sentence

Today the median age for marriage in the US is 25 for women and 27 for men. The survey results are based on ฐานนิยม calculation of the mode for each question. การกระจายของ The measure of dispersion helps us ข้อมูล to study the variability of the items. Cars are now available in a wide พิสัย range of prices. machine is designed to produce ส่วนเบี่ยงเบน Arods 2 cm long with a standard มาตรฐาน deviation of 0.02 cm. Statistical variance gives a measure ความแปรปรวน of how the data distributes itself about the mean or expected value. มัธยฐาน

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

WITHOUT PAIN, THERE WOULD BE NO SUFFERING, WITHOUT SUFFERING WE WOULD NEVER LEARN FROM OUR MISTAKES. TO MAKE IT RIGHT, PAIN AND SUFFERING IS THE KEY TO ALL WINDOWS, WITHOUT IT, THERE IS NO WAY OF LIFE.

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

S CIE NC E A N D T E C H NO LO G Y

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

VOCABULARY

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY UNIT 1 : CELL AND ORGANELLES

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

1 theory (n.)

ทฤษฎี

2 organism (n.)

สิ่งมีชีวิต

3 typical (adj.)

ซึ่งเป็นตัวอย่าง

4 division (n.)

การแบ่ง

5 phase (n.)

ระยะ, ขั้นตอน

A scientific hypothesis that survives experimental testing becomes a scientific theory. Human is an organism. The weather at the moment is not typical for July. Mitosis is one type of cell division. New Moon is the first primary phase and it occurs the moment the Sun and Moon are aligned, with the Sun and Earth on opposite side of the Moon. Ribosomes manufacture proteins that are released into the perinuclear space. The membrane surrounding the nucleus is called nuclear envelope. Carbon dating provides the archaeologist with a basic chronological framework.

6 manufacture (v.) การผลิต 7 envelope (n.)

Sentence

เครื่องหุ้มห่อ

8 framework (n.) โครงร่าง

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

9 10 11 12

Thai Definition

Sentence

Cells that lose control of their cell replicate (v.) การท�ำซ�้ำ cycle and replicate out of control are called cancer cells. know, there are times in life when align (v.) อยู่ในแนวเดียวกัน You the stars just simply align. Many meteors disintegrate during disintegrate (v.) แตกแยก their passage through the atmosphere. gamete (n.) เซลล์สืบพันธุ์ Gamete cell contains 23 chromosomes. UNIT 2 : CELL TRANSPORTATION

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

13 diffusion (n.)

การแพร่

14 facilitate (v.)

ท�ำให้สะดวกขึ้น

Diffusion occurs in both air and liquid. Computers can be used to facilitate language learning.

15 passive (adj.)

ไม่ใช้พลังงาน อยู่นิ่งๆ

Watching TV is a passive activity.

16 active (adj.)

มีพลังงาน

17 swell (v.) 18 shrivel (v.)

ท�ำให้ใหญ่ขึ้น ท�ำให้เหี่ยว

19 embed (v.)

ฝังลงไป

20 subsequently (adv.) 21 shrink (v.)

ตามล�ำดับ

The active volcano erupts at regular intervals. The water swells the wood. The fruit dried and shriveled. Flukes are microscopic parasites that embed themselves in the gills of the fish. The book was subsequently translated into 15 languages. Treatment can shrink a tumor.

ท�ำให้เล็กลง

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

กระบวนการ 22 photosynthesis (n.) สังเคราะห์ด้วยแสง Plants make food by photosynthesis. 23 absorb (v.) ดูดซึม Plants absorb nutrients from the soil. The cell will burst when put in to 24 burst (v.) แตก hypotonic solution. The tower now leans about 15 25 vertical (n.) แนวตั้ง degrees from the vertical. He changed the arrangement of the 26 arrangement (n.) การจัดเรียง topics. UNIT 3 : TRANSPORTATION IN HUMAN

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

29 30 31 32 33

Sentence

The heart is one part of circulatory system. This river is polluted with factory waste (n.) ของเสีย waste. knows that this chemical is harmful (adj.) ซึ่งเป็นอันตราย Everyone harmful to man. Platelets are required to make blood platelets (n.) เกล็ดเลือด clot. are constantly being constantly (adv.) อย่างสม�่ำเสมอ Computers improved. carry the oxygen in erythrocyte (n.) เม็ดเลือดแดง Erythrocytes blood. untidy compartment remained compartment (n.) ส่(ห้วอนทีง)่แยกออกมา The vacant.

27 circulatory system (n.) 28

Thai Definition

ระบบไหลเวียน โลหิต

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

Pulmonary circulation transports 34 pulmonary (adj.) เกี่ยวกับปอด oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs. must switch off the power before 35 circuit (n.) การเดินครบวงจร You checking the circuit. Leukocyte helps defend the body 36 leukocyte (n.) เม็ดเลือดขาว from infection. การบีบตัวของ Systolic phase the phase in which all 37 systole (n.) หัวใจ the heart muscles contract การคลายตัวของ Diastolic phase the phase in which all 38 diastole (n.) หัวใจ the heart muscles relax 39 slippery (adj.) ลื่นไหล Watch your step! The floor is slippery! This high humidity makes me feel 40 humidity (n.) ความชื้น tired. spends the majority of his time in 41 majority (n.) ซึ่งเป็นส่วนใหญ่ Joe sports. doctor will listen to the child's 42 stethoscope (n.) หูฟังของแพทย์ The heartbeat with a stethoscope. Her pulse quickened and she shook 43 pulse (n.) ชีพจร him harder. The unconscious person feels no 44 unconscious โดยไม่ ร ต ้ ู ว ั (adj.) pain. The frequency of crime in the town is 45 frequency (n.) ความถี่ high. ่ยวกับ That researcher made a great 46 scientific (adj.) เกี วิทยาศาสตร์ scientific discovery. SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

47 eliminate (v.)

ก�ำจัดออก

48 influx (n.)

การไหลเข้า

49 collect (v.)

เก็บรวบรวม

We tried to eliminate all dangers beforehand. The influx of foreign workers caused serious problem in the area. Ken collects old coins. Red blood cells travel through the bloodstream. Inhalation is breathing in. Exhalation is breathing in. Please leave your urine sample in this vial. The apple appeased my hunger temporarily.

50 bloodstream (n.) กระแสเลือด 51 inhalation (n.) 52 exhalation (n.)

การหายใจเข้า การหายใจออก

53 urine (n.)

น�้ำปัสสาวะ

54 temporarily (adv.)

ชั่วคราว

Sentence

UNIT 4 : GENETICS

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water. Right now, zebras are producing offspring in zoos. Whales share a number of traits with land mammals, such as milk and a placenta. The documents contain a blueprint for a nuclear device.

55 characteristic (n.) ลักษณะเฉพาะ 56 offspring (n.)

ลูกหลาน

57 traits (n.)

ลักษณะเฉพาะ

58 blueprint (n.)

พิมพ์เขียว (ต้นแบบ)

Sentence

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

His slacks are all wrinkled. The dwarf pea is a recessive trait. Her hair is naturally curly. I don't agree with segregation of people by race. The rainfall this month is not as high 63 corresponding ที ส ่ อดคล้ อ ง as for the corresponding month last (adj.) year. 64 transfusion (n.) การถ่ายเลือด A blood transfusion is indicated. English is a kind of universal 65 universal (adj.) สากล, ทั่วไป language. The most common mode of inherited 66 recessive (n.) ลักษณะด้อย deafness is autosomal recessive. 67 helix (n.) ส่วนที่เป็นเกลียว DNA is a double helix molecule. The yellow seed is a dominant 68 dominant (adj.) ลักษณะเด่น character. 69 donate (v.) บริจาค มอบให้ He donated $100 to the refugee fund. the local forecasters are predicting 70 predicting (v.) การคาดการณ์ All rain for this afternoon. The proportion of girls to boys in our 71 proportion (n.) สัดส่วน class is three to two. 72 progeny (n.) ลูกหลาน The dog produces 4 progenies. Determination was her motivation to 73 determination การค�ำนวณ (n.) be a doctor. 74 rung (n.) ขั้นบันได Rung is another word for step. 59 wrinkled (adj.) 60 dwarf (adj.) 61 curly (adj.)

ยับ, ย่น แคระเกร็น หยักศก(ผม) 62 segregation (n.) การแยกออกจาก กัน

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

The teacher said we had to learn all these expression by heart. คนที่เป็นพาหะน�ำ A mosquito can be a carrier of โรค diseases. ความขาดตก Some people suffer from iron บกพร่อง deficiency in their diet. The human genome contains การถอดรหัส approximately three billion chemical พันธุกรรม base pairs. They adopted a new method of รับเอามา teaching English in that school.

75 expression (n.) การแสดงออก 76 carrier (n.) 77 deficiency (n.) 78 genome (n.) 79 adopt (v.)

UNIT 5 : ECOLOGY

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

ำให้เห็นความ 80 distinguish (v.) ท�แตกต่ าง

Sentence

I can't distinguish a frog from a toad.

interaction between the teacher การมีปฏิสัมพันธ์ The and his students is very good. ticket is available for a whole 82 available (adj.) ใช้ประโยชน์ได้ This year. Air pollution will be a threat to our 83 survival (n.) การอยู่รอด survival. Sun creams work by blocking harmful 84 radiation (n.) การแผ่รังสี ultraviolet radiation. In hot weather water evaporates 85 evaporate (v.) ระเหย quickly. 86 fertile (adj.) ที่สามารถให้ลูกได้ Most men remain fertile into old age. 81 interaction (n.)

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

Books occupy most of his room. A rainbow is one of the most beautiful 88 phenomena (n.) ปรากฏการณ์ phenomena of nature. การรวมตัวเป็นก The roses were planted in clumps 89 clump (n.) ลุ่มก้อน across the park. These patterns show you how to 90 pattern (n.) แบบแผน make sentences. The consumption of alcohol on the 91 consumption (n.) การบริโภค location is prohibited. bus is capable of carrying 45 92 capable (adj.) ที่สามารถท�ำได้ This persons. The architect achieved worldwide 93 achieve (v.) ส�ำเร็จ fame. Brown areas represent deserts on 94 represent (v.) แสดงให้เห็น the map. 95 tedious (adj.) น่าเบื่อหน่าย They are weary of their tedious work. 96 involve (v.) เกี่ยวข้อง This job involves lots of hard work. 97 cumulative (adj.) ซึ่งสะสมเพิ่มขึ้น Learning is a cumulative process. 98 burnt (adj.) ซึ่งเผาไหม้ The house was burnt to ashes. The news will be a reflection on his 99 reflection (n.) การสะท้อน truthfulness. The experiment failed in the initial 100 initial (adv.) ในขั้นต้น stages. People are suffering from the 101 contamination การปนเปื อ ้ น (n.) contamination of the water supply. 87 occupy (v.)

ยึดครอง

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

102 massive (adj.)

ใหญ่โต

103 pesticide (n.)

ยาฆ่าแมลง

Sentence

Massive amounts of carbon dioxide are generated every day. We use pesticide to kill insects that destroy crops. Dust had accumulated on the desk. He accidentally hit his thumb with the hammer. Fruits decay in the sun. Random distribution occurs when resources are abundant. Cholera is uncommon in Japan.

104 accumulate (v.) การเก็บสะสม 105 accidentally โดยบังเอิญ (adv.) 106 decay (v.) ย่อยสลาย 107 distribution (n.) การกระจาย 108 uncommon (adj.) ไม่ธรรมดา 109 civilization (n.) อารยธรรม, ความเจริญ 110 category (n.) หมวดหมู่

The country advanced in civilization.

There are five categories of workers. Men have a shorter lifespan than 111 lifespan (n.) ช่วงอายุ women. from heart disease varies 112 mortality (n.) อัตราการตาย Mortality widely across the world. movie has an undesirable 113 influence (n.) การมีอิทธิพลต่อ This influence on children. 114 expansive (adj.) ซึ่งขยายออก It was written in an expansive style. 115 stationary (adj.) คงที่ The population remains stationary. 116 capture (v.) จับ The old man captured a big fish. The town is supplied with water from 117 reservoir (n.) ที่เก็บสะสม a reservoir.

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

This food is extremely delicious. Indians inhabited this district.

118 extremely (adv.) อย่างสุดขีด 119 inhabit (v.) อยูอ่ าศัย

UNIT 6 : BIODIVERSITY

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

ด้วย The houses encompassed about 100 120 encompass (v.) การรวมเอาไว้ กัน square meters. 121 penetrate (v.) แพร่กระจายไป The rain penetrated my clothes. The small company was taken over การจั ด การอย่ า ง by a large organization. (The small 122 organization (n.) เป็นระบบ company was taken over by a large organization. The symmetry of the design is 123 symmetry (n.) สมมาตร observable. oscillating between growth and 124 oscillation (n.) การแกว่งไปมา The decline ดเห็นของ The consensus was that technology 125 consensus (n.) ความคิ คนส่วนใหญ่ was a good thing. The worksheets are designed to be 126 conjunction (n.) การเกิดขึ้นร่วมกัน used in conjunction with the new course books. Species richness conveys no 127 richness (n.) ความอุดมสมบูรณ์ information on the taxonomic structure of an assemblage. These effects could be important in 128 evenness (n.) สมดุล maintaining evenness and diversity of the seedling community. SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

129 classify (v.) 130 fluctuation (n.) 131 significantly (adv.) 132 vertebrate (n.) 133 vascular (adj.) 134 cotyledon (n.) 135 aquatic (adj.)

Thai Definition

Sentence

Please classify these books by subject. Prices are subject to fluctuation. Health problems can be significantly อย่างส�ำคัญ reduced by careful diet. สัตว์ที่มีกระดูกสัน Vertebrates are the most advanced หลัง organisms on Earth. การมีท่อล�ำเลียง Mango is a vascular plant. ใบเลี้ยง Grass has one cotyledon. เกี่ยวกับน�้ำ This lake has many aquatic insects. จัดกลุ่ม ความผันผวน

UNIT 7 : WORLD ISSUE

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

137 depletion (n.) 138 greenhouse effect (n.) 139 emission (n.) 140 unpredictable (adj.) 141 climate (n.) 142 variability (n.)

Thai Definition

Sentence

depletion of the ozone layer is การท�ำให้หมดสิ้น The dangerous. are releasing vast quantities of ปรากฏการณ์เรือน We carbon dioxide increasing the กระจก greenhouse effect. Laws controlling the emission of การปล่อยออกมา greenhouse gases are not nearly tight enough. mood of the crowd was ไม่อาจพยากรณ์ได้ The unpredictable. An abnormal climate stunted the สภาพอากาศ crops. a great deal of variability ความแปรปรวน There's between individuals.

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

This moves their orbital electrons from the ground state to a higher energy level that is unstable. type of cancer you have is 144 malignant (adj.) ซึ่งเป็นอันตราย The malignant and inoperable. Age is not a factor in cataract 145 cataract (n.) ต้อกระจก surgery. Many scientific advances have 146 implication (n.) ความหมายโดยนัย profound implications for society at large. 143 orbital (n.)

วงโคจร

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

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SECONDARY 5

TRUE FRIENDSHIP MULTIPLIES THE GOOD IN LIFE AND DIVIDES ITS EVILS. STRIVE TO HAVE FRIENDS, FOR LIFE WITHOUT FRIENDS IS LIKE LIFE ON A DESERT ISLAND... TO FIND ONE REAL FRIEND IN A LIFETIME IS GOOD FORTUNE; TO KEEP HIM IS A BLESSING.

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

S OC I A L S T U DIES

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

VOCABULARY

SOCIAL STUDIES UNIT 1 : MEASURING THE ECONOMY

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

2 3 4

5 6

Thai Definition

Sentence

The United States will make no deal with the Soviet Union because the economic communist drive to impose their ระบบเศรษฐกิ จ system (n.) political and economic system on others is the primary cause of world tension today. There are orders that must be stability (n.) เสถียรภาพ executed, entrusted to us so that we might forge stability out of chaos. company is open for equity equity (n.) ความเสมอภาค The shares in the current fiscal year. Each member of a traditional has a more specific and traditional ระบบเศรษฐกิจ economy pronounced role, and these societies economy (n.) แบบดั้งเดิม tend to be very close-knit and socially satisfied. a command economic system, a command ระบบเศรษฐกิจ, Inlarge part of the economic system is economy (n.) แบบสังคมนิยม controlled by a centralized power. market economy ระบบเศรษฐกิจ, There is no government intervention (n.) แบบทุนนิยม in a pure market economy.

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

In the most common types of mixed mixed economy ระบบเศรษฐกิ จ , 7 (n.) economies, the market is more or less แบบผสม free of government ownership. Our firm is a giant one, and there are some rules and regulations, which 8 efficiency (n.) ประสิทธิภาพ should be revised or rescinded to reduce red tape and increase efficiency. UNIT 2 : DEMAND AND SUPPLY

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

3 4 5 6

Sentence

Additional imports of American beef are planned to meet rising demand. As the centuries went by and England supply (n.) อุปทาน became more crowded, the people found their food supply a great problem. For the first six months, average disposable รายได้หลังหักภาษี disposable income for urban dwellers Income (n.) rose 14% alerted authorities after realizing inferior product สินค้าด้อยคุณภาพ He the company was substituting inferior (n.) products for the ones they ordered. substitute goods สินค้าที่ใช้แทนกัน Butter and margarine are classic (n.) examples of substitute goods. Technology firms that specialize in complementary สินค้าที่ใช้ร่วมกัน one product now join forces with goods (n.) other companies that focus on complementary goods or services.

1 demand (n.) 2

Thai Definition

อุปสงค์

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

He advertises his services on the company notice board. The graph shows the country's 8 equilibrium (n.) ดุลยภาพ economic equilibrium. The government is planning to abolish 9 subsidy (n.) เงินสนับสนุน subsidies to farmers. Productivity in the steel industry 10 productivity (n.) ความสามารถ, ในการผลิต improved by five percent last year. demand อุปสงค์ส่วนเกิน When there is excess demand for 11 excess (n.) housing, house prices rise quickly. They forecast that the world will have excess supply 12 (n.) อุปทานส่วนเกิน an excess supply of 365 million barrels of oil. 7 advertise (v.)

โฆษณา

UNIT 3 : VARIOUS MARKET STRUCTURES

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

1 2 3 4

Thai Definition

Sentence

Even after privatization, wholesale imperfect market ตลาดแข่งขันไม่ electricity is an imperfect market wide (n.) สมบูรณ์ open to manipulation by the large generators. The government is determined to monopoly (n.) ตลาดผูกขาด protect its tobacco monopoly. say that Swedish banking is an ้ขายน้อย Some oligopoly (n.) ตลาดผู oligopoly: the big four banks control ราย 89% of total banking assets. advertising and marketing is monopolistic ตลาดกึ่งแข่งขันกึ่ง Heavy common among firms in monopolistic competition (n.) ผูกขาด competition

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

market 5 perfect (n.) 6 homogeneous (adj.)

Thai Definition

ตลาดแข่งขัน สมบูรณ์

Sentence

The internet has a big part to play in the creation of a perfect market. The population of the village has remained remarkably homogeneous.

เหมือนกัน

UNIT 4 : LABOR MARKET

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

This upward pressure on wages 1 labor market (n.) ตลาดแรงงาน further influences the private sector through the labor market. Growth in labor productivity depends ความสามารถใน productivity การผลิตของ on three main factors: saving and 2 labor (n.) investment in physical capital, new แรงงาน technology, and human capital. In economics, the marginal product of product ผลผลิตหน่วย labor is the change in output that 3 marginal of labor (n.) สุดท้ายแรงงาน results from employing an added unit of labor. The corporation has become so valuable, not because of its fixed capital ทุนมนุษย์ 4 human assets, but because of the human (n.) capital of its software engineers and programmers. product ผลผลิตเฉลี่ย The average product of labor gives a 5 average of labor (n.) แรงงาน general measure of output per worker. government's proposals have 6 labor union (n.) สหภาพแรงงาน The been strongly criticized by labor unions. 7 immigration (n.) การอพยพเข้า There are strict limits on immigration. SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

8 demographic (adj.)

Thai Definition

Sentence

There have been monumental social and demographic changes in the country. Travel and emigration have broadened the mind and brought unparalleled opportunities to countless families. Unemployment has fallen again for the third consecutive month.

เกี่ยวกับเรื่อง ประชากร

9 emigration (n.) การอพยพออก 10 unemployment การว่างงาน (n.)

UNIT 5 : FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND CREDIT MARKETS

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

After the crash of 1929, commercial commercial bank 1 (n.) ธนาคารพาณิชย์ banks were barred from doing investment-banking business. Japan's central bank has held its key 2 central bank (n.) ธนาคารกลาง interest rate unchanged at 0.1%. Harvard University is an internationally 3 institution (n.) สถาบัน respected institution. The company needs more financial 4 financial (adj.) การเงิน assistance from the government. Some economists predicted that the 5 credit market (n.) ตลาดสินเชื่อ tightening credit markets would be a drag on the economy. National Bank has set the 6 interest rate (n.) อัตราดอกเบี้ย The interest rate at 6%. exchange ตลาดหลักทรัพย์ They bought some shares on the 7 stock (n.) London stock exchange.

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

8 insurance (n.)

ประกันภัย

failure 9 market (n.)

ความล้มเหลว ของตลาด

10 shortage (n.)

การขาดแคลน

11 surplus (n.)

ส่วนเกิน

12 innovation (n.)

นวัตกรรม

13 externalities (n.) ภายนอก 14 merit goods (n.) สินค้าคุณธรรม goods สินค้าบาป 15 demerit (n.) - rivalrous ปราศจากการ 16 non (n.) แข่งขัน SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

Sentence

She was so thankful that she had insurance claim, when she was involved in an accident on holiday. Protecting car production in the face of market failure has, far from helping them, locked the people of the area into an economy which cannot sustain itself. The government's plan to grow cash crops for export is a double-edged sword because it has created a local food shortage. We produce enough vegetables for our community, and any surplus is sold to local shops. He says universities should work with the private sector to foster innovation and entrepreneurship. Governments, through laws and regulations, attempt to transfer the costs of externalities such as pollution back to the responsible parties. Merit goods is a products that are more beneficial to the consumers than they themselves realize. Demerit goods is a products that are more harmful to the consumers. Economists refer to public goods as "non - rivalrous”.

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

17 18 19 20

Thai Definition

Sentence

There are no public goods or public goods (n.) สินค้าสาธารณะ externalities, aside from the inefficiencies due to open access. goods or service are freely non - excludable ไม่สามารถยกเว้น Some available to consumer and (n.) ได้ non-excludable. market power อ�ำนาจตลาด Banks can use market power to (n.) dominate narrow derivatives markets. All meals are provided at no provide (v.) จัดหา additional cost. UNIT 6 : MEASURES OF INCOME DISTRIBUTION, POVERTY AND WEALTH DISTRIBUTION

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

There is an uneven distribution of wealth across the country from the north to the south. The problem of poverty is particularly acute in rural areas. The new business couldn't afford to pay more than the minimum wage. Reform of the country's taxation system is high on the Government's economic agenda. The government has lowered direct tax rates for individuals and companies.

1 distribution (n.) การกระจาย 2 poverty (n.)

ความยากจน

wage ค่าแรงขั้นต�่ำ 3 minimum (n.) 4 taxation (n.)

การเก็บภาษี

5 direct tax (n.)

ภาษีทางตรง

Sentence

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

ค่าดัชนีทางสถิติที่ The Gini coefficient is based on the ใช้วัดการกระจาย comparison of cumulative proportions Gini coefficient 6 (n.) รายได้หรือความ of the population against cumulative มัง่ คัง่ ของประชากร proportions of income they receive. ในประเทศ They have created a type of 7 indirect tax (n.) ภาษีทางอ้อม underground economy in order to avoid paying indirect taxes. The city's commercial development 8 tax base (n.) ฐานภาษี will keep the tax base and the economy healthy. The proposed series of measures 9 tax burden (n.) ภาระภาษี would increase the overall tax burden for companies. This chart shows the relationship 10 elasticity (n.) ความยืดหยุ่น between the elasticity and the optimal monopoly price for Windows. UNIT 7 : ECONOMIC GROWTH

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

ผลิตภัณฑ์มวล gross domestic 1 product (n.) รวมภายใน ประเทศ

Gross Domestic Product is the total output produced in a country.

2 remittance (n.) การส่งเงิน

She sends a small remittance home to her parents each month. A substantial proportion of imported raw materials and intermediate goods are sourced in Asia and exported as finished goods to the US and Europe.

3 intermediate goods (n.)

สินค้าขั้นกลาง

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Factory orders for costly durable goods dropped for a second consecutive month in October. Job prospects look best in non-durable goods manufacturing and wholesale and retail trade. The college runs residential courses throughout the summer. Our inventory of used cars is the best in town. French cheeses are exported to many different countries. We import a large number of cars from Japan. The government's annual expenditure on arms has been reduced.

goods สินค้าระยะยาว 4 durables (n.) 5 non-durable goods (n.)

สินค้าระยะสั้น

6 residential (adj.) ที่อยู่อาศัย 7 inventory (n.)

สินค้าคงคลัง

8 export (v.)

ส่งออก

9 import (v.)

น�ำเข้า

Sentence

10 expenditure (n.) รายจ่าย

UNIT 8 : INFLATION AND METHODS TO MEASURE IT

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

The control of inflation is a key 1 inflation (n.) ภาวะเงินเฟ้อ component of the government's economic policy. He warned that Euro land could sink into deflation unless the central 2 deflation (n.) ภาวะเงินฝืด bankers tailored their policies to promote economic growth. price ดัชนีราคาผู้บริโภค The consumer price index hit a 3 consumer index (n.) six-month high in October.

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

4 government bond (n.)

invested the extra money in พันธบัตรรัฐบาล We government bonds. ตราดอกเบี้ยเงิน Government increase the deposit rate 5 deposit rate (n.) อัฝาก to decrease the inflation. Economists generally reserve the “hyperinflation” for cases when 6 hyperinflation (n.) เงินเฟ้อระดับสูง term the monthly inflation rate reaches over 50 percent. Growth in the money supply is no money supply 7 (n.) ปริมาณเงิน longer a reliable guide to monetary conditions. policy นโยบายการเงิน He said the Fed would tighten 8 monetary (n.) monetary policy. A sound fiscal policy aimed at reducing 9 fiscal policy (n.) นโยบายการคลัง deficits in a sustainable way is necessary to growth and job creation. rate อัตรารับซื้อช่วงลด The government change in rediscount 10 rediscount (n.) rate or bank rate to reduce inflation. UNIT 9 : EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

Employment levels are unlikely to rise significantly before the end of next year. These women were born between employment การจ้างงานเต็มที่ 1949 and 1957 when there was full 2 full (n.) employment and social conditions were much better. 1 employment (n.) การจ้างงาน

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

3 unemployment การว่างงาน (n.) frictional างงาน 4 unemployment การว่ ชั่วคราว (n.)

Over half his speech was devoted to the issue of unemployment. Frictional unemployment occurs because it takes time for employers and workers to find each other.

structural 5 unemployment (n.) seasonal 6 unemployment (n.)

The recession could have created structural unemployment in the US.

การว่างงานเชิง โครงสร้าง

chronic problem of seasonal การว่างงานตาม The unemployment is a product of the ฤดูกาล fluctuating demand for labor.

UNIT 10 : SHORT RUN SPENDING AND OUTPUT

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

The impact of the reforms would be อุปสงค์มวลรวม lower aggregate demand and falling consumption. Aggregate supply, also known as total is the total supply of goods aggregate supply อุปทานมวลรวม output, and services produced within an (n.) economy at a given overall price in a given period. government has introduced new regulate (v.) ระเบียบข้อบังคับ The laws to regulate the sale of firearms. Average incomes have risen by 4.5 income (n.) รายได้ percent over the past year. No household security devices are household (n.) ครัวเรือน proof against the determined burglar.

1 aggregate demand (n.) 2 3 4 5

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

UNIT 11 : GOVERNMENT FISCAL POLICIES

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

4 5 6

Thai Definition

Sentence

A loose fiscal policy would give the a badly needed short-term fiscal policy (n.) นโยบายการคลัง economy boost, but would fail to deal with a variety of deeper problems. In a progressive tax system, rich progressive tax อัตราภาษีแบบ people pay a higher percentage of (n.) ก้าวหน้า their income as taxes than what poor people do. Expansionary fiscal policy is a policy expansionary นโยบายการคลัง to rises in government’s expenditure fiscal policy (n.) แบบผ่อนคลาย and/or cuts in taxation designed to increase aggregate demand. Deflationary fiscal policy is a policy to deflationary fiscal นโยบายการคลัง cut in government’s expenditure and/ policy (n.) แบบเข้มงวด or rises in taxation designed to decrease aggregate demand. The White House says the federal งบประมาณขาด budget deficit (n.) ดุล government will run a $9 trillion budget deficit over the next decade. budget surplus งบประมาณเกินดุล The government has projected a (n.) budget surplus of £7 billion by April. UNIT 12 : INTERNATIONAL TRADE

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

1 international trade (n.)

Thai Definition

International Trade is the trade of goods, services and capital between countries.

การค้าระหว่าง ประเทศ

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

Sentence

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SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

A country has an Absolute advantage การได้เปรียบโดย in producing product, if it can produce 2 absolute advantage (n.) สมบูรณ์ it using fewer resource than other countries. A country said to have a comparative การได้เปรียบโดย advantage in producing product, if it 3 comparative advantage (n.) เปรียบเทียบ can produce it at a lower opportunity cost. Prices and tariffs change all the time, 4 tariff (n.) ภาษีศุลกากร so it's difficult to say what you will get for your money. Business groups and advocates of 5 free trade (n.) การค้าเสรี free trade have pushed for even more cooperation among the three nations. The committee will discuss the protectionism 6 (n.) การค้าแบบคุ้มกัน relative merits of free trade and protectionism. UNIT 13 : DETERMINATION OF EXCHANGE RATES

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

The Central Bank intervened in the currency markets today to try to stabilize the exchange rate. A flexible exchange-rate system is a exchange อัตราแลกเปลี่ยน monetary system that allows the 2 flexible rate system (n.) แบบลอยตัว exchange rate to be determined by supply and demand. rates อัตราการแลก 1 exchange (n.) เปลีย่ น

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

Currency appreciation usually reduces currency appreการแข็ ง ค่ า , ของ inflation because imports become 3 ciation (n.) สกุลเงิน cheaper and the lower prices lead to lower inflation. Currency depreciation is an opposite depre- ค่าเงินอ่อนตัว of currency appreciation; it is a fall in 4 currency ciation (n.) the value of a currency in a floating exchange rate system. Currency war, also known as competitive devaluations, is a condition การแข่ ง ขั น ด้ า น in international affairs where countries competitive 5 devaluation (n.) นโยบายค่าเงิน seek to gain a trade advantage over อ่อน other countries by causing the exchange rate of their currency to fall in relation to other currencies.

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

OC C U PAT I O N

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

VOCABULARY

OCCUPATION COMPUTER

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

1 hierarchy (n.) 2 sequence (n.) 3 template (n.) 4 extension (n.) 5 6 7 8

Thai Definition

Sentence

hierarchies are the best การจัดระบบตาม Information way to organize most complex bodies ล�ำดับขั้น of information. การจัดระบบแบบ Sequences are the most appropriate เรียงล�ำดับ organization for training sites. A "template" is simply a design format แบบ, you can apply to all (or most) of รูปแบบต้นฉบับ which the pages in your web site. ส่วนขยาย หรือ นามสกุลไฟล์

The extension of template file is dwt.

Your website navigation, header, navigation bar and footer links should navigation (n.) be directly linked to main content areas of your site. แบบแผน, Your navigation scheme should reflect scheme (n.) รายการ your website structure. ำสั่ง A CSS declaration always ends with a declaration (n.) การประกาศค� ของโปรแกรม semicolon. The property is the style attribute you attribute (n.) คุณสมบัติ want to change. ระบบน�ำทาง หรือ จุดเชื่อมโยงต่างๆ บนเว็บไซต์

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

9 margin (n.)

Thai Definition

Sentence

It is possible to specify different margins for different sides. The font family of a text is set with the font-family property.

ขอบ, ข้าง

รูปแบบของตัว อักษร ค�ำสั่งส�ำหรับการ CSS background properties are used เขียนโปรแกรม to define the background effects of an 11 element (n.) ภาษาส�ำหรับ element. คอมพิวเตอร์ The structure of a table must be 12 structure (n.) โครงสร้าง carefully designed. form-data should be encoded 13 encoded (adj.) การเข้ารหัสข้อมูล Abefore sending it to a server. ตัวอักษรทั้งหมดที่ alphanumeric อยู่บนแป้นคีบอร์ด Text Fields accept any type of 14 (adj.) (ยกเว้นฟังก์ชั่น alphanumeric text entry. คีย์) การโต้ตอบกับผู้ใช้ งานโปรแกรม โดย สามารถรับข้อมูล, JavaScript was designed to add 15 interactivity (n.) ประมวลผลข้อมูล interactivity to HTML pages. และแสดงผล โต้ตอบกับผู้ใช้ได้ แบบทันที าไป JavaScript is usually embedded 16 embedded (adj.) รวมเข้ หรือแทรก directly into HTML pages. รูปแบบค�ำสั่งของ The JavaScript syntax to add an alert 17 syntax (n.) การเขียนโปรแกรม box is “alert("some text");” แต่ละโปรแกรม 10 font family (n.)

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

Sentence

โปรแกรมส�ำหรับ เปิดดูเว็บไซต์ตา่ งๆ หรือท่องโลก 18 web browser (n.) อินเตอร์เน็ตเช่น Internet Explorer is a web browser. Internet Explorer และ Mozilla Firefox กล่องข้อความ An alert box is often used if you want บแสดงผล 19 alert box (n.) ส�หรืำหรั make sure information comes อบอกข้อมูลที่ tothrough to the user. ต้องการ The text can be displayed as a เครื่องหมาย password field where entered text is 20 asterisk (n.) ดอกจัน (*) replaced by asterisks or bullets to hide the text from onlookers. We give instructions written in the 21 instruction (n.) ค�ำสั่ง English language to them. ด�ำเนินการ, The instructions that can be executed 22 execute (v.) ประมวลผล by a computer are called the program. ชุดของค�ำสั่งที่ We write the algorithm of how a 23 algorithm (n.) สร้างไว้ตามขั้น computer will solve the program. ตอน These boxes are called variables. An annotation is used to describe data or computation steps more clearly. Int, or integer, is a whole number, positive or negative, without decimals, of unlimited length.

24 variable (n.)

ตัวแปร ค�ำจ�ำกัด 25 annotation (n.) การให้ ความ 26 integer (n.)

จ�ำนวนเต็ม

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

27 indicate (v.) 28 operation (n.) 29 flowchart (n.) 30 debugging (n.)

Thai Definition

Display indicates a process step บ่งบอก, ท�ำให้รู้ where information is displayed to a person. operation shows which การด�ำเนินการ Manual process steps are not automated. Flowchart is a diagrammatic ผังงาน representation of an algorithm. จุดบกพร่องของ Flowcharts help in the debugging โปรแกรมหรือชุด process. ค�ำสั่งที่เขียนขึ้น The maintenance of a program becomes easy with the help of the flowchart. A parameter is the variable listed inside the parentheses in the function definition. Looping or Repetition is a logic which is used to execute an instruction.

31 maintenance (n.) การดูแลรักษา 32 parameter (n.)

ค่าที่ใช้ในค�ำสั่ง

33 repetition (n.)

การท�ำซ�้ำ

34 interpreter (n.) 35 logical (adj.) 36 statement (n.) 37 condition (n.)

Sentence

โปรแกรมใช้ interpreter is a program that reads ส�ำหรับแปลที่ละค�ำ An and executes code. สั่ง This can be done with logical ตรรกะ operators. DO Until loop places the decision ข้อความค�ำสั่ง Acriterion at the end of the statements. Python supports the usual logical เงื่อนไข conditions from mathematics.

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech

Thai Definition

38 process (n.)

กระบวนการ

39 loop (n.)

การวนซ�้ำ

40 array (n.)

แถวล�ำดับ

Sentence

The process will run and return its result. A for loop is used for iterating over a sequence. Lists and arrays are used in Python to store data.

MEMO

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY

SECONDARY 5

MEMO

SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND

Morning Assembly Prayer Let us pray to the Lord of mercy, Who loves us tremendously, Who graciously protects us, Dear God, please grant us fortitude and strength, So that we can study well all day long. Please help us to progress creatively, To be good from day to day, To be honest, and morally conscious. Please bless our nation, and His Majesty our King, Bless our parents and teachers, Bless our fellow countrymen, So they may love one another, And live happily in peace and harmony. Amen.

Afternoon Prayer Let us pray to the Lord our God, Who is full of love and mercy, Who protects us from all evils, A day has passed and we have gained much knowledge. We thank you Lord for your mercy, Please bless and protect our nation, His Majesty our King, Our parents and teachers, Please forgive us our trespasses, And lead us away from temptation, and deliver us from danger. Amen.

THE COOKIE THIEF A woman was waiting at an airport one night, with several long hours before her flight. She hunted for a book in the airport shops, bought a bag of cookies and found a place to sit. She was engrossed in her book but happened to see that the man sitting beside her, as bold as could be... grabbed a cookie or two from the bag in between them but she tried to ignore to avoid a scene. So she munched the cookies and watched the clock, as the gutsy cookie thief diminished her stock. She was getting more irritated as the minutes ticked by, thinking... “If I was not so nice, I would blacken his eye.” With each cookie she took, he took one too. When only one was left, she wondered what he would do. With a smile on his face, and a nervous laugh, he took the last cookie and broke it in half. He offered her half, as he ate the other. She snatched it from him and thought… “oooh! bother. This guy has some nerve and he is also rude. Why! he did not even show any gratitude!” She had never known when she had been so galled, and sighed with relief when her flight was called. She gathered her belongings and headed to the gate, refusing to look back at the thieving ingrate. She boarded the plane, and sank in her seat. Then she sought her book which was almost complete. As she reached in her baggage, she gasped with surprise, there was her bag of cookies, in front of her eyes. “If mine are here”, she moaned in despair, “the others were his and he tried to share.” Too late to apologize, she realized with grief that she was the rude one, the ingrate, the thief.

MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY M.5

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