SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
565 Samsen Rd., Dusit, Bangkok 10300. THAILAND Tel. 0 2243 0065, 0 2243 7002, 0 2243 2153 Fax: 0 2243 2150
http://www.sg.ac.th
MY WORLD
OF
VOCABULARY S A I N T G A B R I E L’ S C O L L E G E VOCABULARY FOR SECONDARY 2
REVISED EDITION 2022
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
565 Samsen Road, Dusit, Bangkok 10300. THAILAND. Tel. 0-2243-0065, 0-2243-7002, 0-2243-2153, Fax: 0-2243-2150, Website: http://www.sg.ac.th ISBN: 978-616-7675-01-5 Copyright©2020: Saint Gabriel’s College
PREFACE Nowadays, learning English is the most essential activity in our daily routine. Needless to say, it is the most fundamental means of communication in the field of education in order to instill in the learner’s positive attitudes towards English language. Consequently, the learner can use the language in multiple life situations, and in search for knowledge to sustain a career and further high level of studies. In addition, it can also aid the ability to understand various cultural differences and challenges. Therefore, the teaching and learning process is considered to be most beneficial as the teacher educates the subject content thus enabling the learner to grasp in a less complex effort. This vocabulary book is published for the exclusive use in teaching and learning of five basic subjects namely Mathematics, Science, Technology and Occupation, Social Studies, Religion and Culture and English for Primary 1 to Secondary 6 students. This book introduces English vocabulary words used in the abovementioned subjects with examples on how to adapt them in daily communication to attain goals and efficiency. It is with great expectation that the contents in this English vocabulary book may benefit the teachers and students in a way that it is genuinely learned as English is a medium of instruction. Every single vocabulary word is related to the learner’s daily life. The contents are expected to respond to the basic learning needs and preferences of the learner and therefore may involve recreational learning and utmost advantage. Finally, I would like to acknowledge the valuable efforts of the teachers of the Foreign Languages Department, the Academic Affairs, and those who in one way or another have been part of the preparation and success of this book. God bless you constantly. (Bro. Monthol Prathumarach, Ph.D.) Director March 2022
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS HONORARY ADVISOR : Bro. Dr. Monthol Prathumarach COMMITTEE : Bro.Manit Sakonthawat, M.A. Bro.Pathanant Chaiyara Board of Director Mr.Thong-in Sawaengsin, M.A. Mr.Pisit Krittayanawach, M.A. Mr.Avirut Wisetchart, M.A. Mr.Yutthachai Ittivorachet, M.M. Ms.Yaowaluck Yoocharoen, M.A. Ms.Pornsirin Watthanasathian, M.A. English Teachers Primary 1 - Secondary 6
EDITORIAL TEAM : Mr.Yutthachai Ittivorachet, M.M. Members of the Foreign Language Department DESIGN & LAYOUT : Mr.Wutichart Chatarupacheewin, M.FA. Mr.Sarayut Jorjaroenpanich Mr.Peerawit Arjloi Mr.Pheempapob Chatarupacheewin PRODUCED BY : Saint Gabriel’s College BANGKOK, THAILAND Copyright @ 2018
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
565 Samsen Rd., Dusit, Bangkok 10300. THAILAND. Tel. 0-2243-0065, 0-2243-7002, 0-2243-2153, Fax: 0-2243-2150 Website: http://www.sg.ac.th
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any forms or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Saint Gabriel’s College. SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
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CONTENTS Preface Coat of Arms Foreign Languages (English) Mathematics Science and Technology Social Studies Occupation - Computer - Technology
1 4 6 22 30 36 50 51 53
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SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
COAT OF ARMS Coat of arms is a translation of the French COTTE D’ ARMES. Usually it is depicted with the particular heraldic bearings of a person or family on an escutcheon, and from it we can learn much about the person or family which adopted the particular coat of arms. BROTHERS OF ST. GABRIEL The name “the Brothers of St. Gabriel” reminds us of those Brothers who sacrificed their lives, and their mother’s land, in order to help educate and develop our Thai children to grow in the right path. “LABOR OMNIA VINCIT” is the motto of our school. “We can overcome all difficulties through working hard,” or, as the Latin proverb says : “Labor conquers all things.”
“Life - Boat” Symbolized By “The Ship in The Sea”
“The ship in the Sea” symbolizes that we have to keep on struggling and facing different difficulties in the sea of life, just like the ship or the boat that fights stormy wing, steamy sun and rainy sea in order NOT to capsize in the middle of the sea. This should always remind us that “Life is a Struggle” or “To Live is to Struggle” against the problems and difficulties and not to give up.
“DS” (read “D and S”) Cross In The Middle With The Cross “D” or Divinity represents “Religion”. We all need religion in life and mind. The Cross is the symbol of “love” and “sacrifice” just as Jesus sacrificed his life for our love and he redeemed our sins as he said: “There is no other love greater than sacrificing our life for others.” “S” or “Science” means “Knowledge,” which is the root of man’s ability to reason. Everyone should always aim at gaining more knowledge. The
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more we learn about mundane knowledge, the more we should also learn about “Dharma” or religious, ethical virtues. Moreover, DIS also comes from the French phrase, “Dieu Seul,” which means “ALL WE DO IS FOR THE GRACE OF GOD ONLY.” It is to remind us of St. Louis Marie de Montfort, the Founding Father of the Brothers of St. Gabriel’s motto. With this powerful motto, we have the will to work without yielding to difficulties, at studies as well as at work. We all uphold it up to this day.
A.M. and The White Lilies “A.M.” is abbreviated from a Latin word, “ALMA MATER,”
meaning literally, “Dear Mother,” in Latin and indicating “MOTHER COLLEGE,” which symbolizes that our institution is like our “Alma Mater”, our own birth place and as a part of our own families. We should love our institution as much as we should love our own parents. Moreover, “A.M.” is also abbreviated from “AVE MARIA” (in Latin), the name of Jesus’ Mother. This means that we should love our own Mother with our heart and soul. And the beautiful snow - white lilies are symbols to remind us that we should be clean and sincere with all our thoughts, words and minds, wherever we are.
The Star and The Man In a Boat
“The Star and the Boat” symbolizes “Spiritual Hope” meaning that religion is “the light of Dharma or Absolute Truth” and all the knowledge or sciences we have learned from the institution is “the Light of the Intelligence”. Altogether they keep conduct and intelligence on track so we are not lost or capsized in the middle of the sea of life. “The man in the boat” reflects us, ourselves, rowing or guiding our own “boat of life”.
“The Shield” That Frames The “Four Symbols”
The “Shield” that frames the “Four Symbols” is the “COAT OF ARMS” which stands for “HONOUR,” or “PRIDE and DIGNITY”. It also represents the HONOUR, DIGNITY, PRIDE AND PRAISE that our institution has received from the King who reigns over the Kingdom.
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SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
F O R E I GN L A N GUAG E
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
VOCABULARY
ENGLISH UNIT 2 : OUR CHANGING PLANET
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Sentence
I'm not making much progress with my Spanish. patient (adj.) อดทน She is a very patient teacher. The girl always had a bright, friendly friendly (adj.) เป็นมิตร smile. like taking a thriller to read on the thriller (n.) เรื่องเขย่าขวัญ Itrain. What am I supposed to learn from this lesson (n.) บทเรียน lesson? Please connect me to extension connect (v.) เชื่อมต่อ number 1469. miserable (adj.) เป็นทุกข์ She has been miserable since he left. idea (n.) ความคิด I have an idea that it won’t work. please (v.) ท�ำให้พอใจ You can’t please everyone all the time. encourage (v.) ปลุกใจ, ให้ก�ำลังใจ You must encourage him to try again.
1 progress (n.) 2
Thai Definition
ความก้าวหน้า
UNIT 2 : IN FASHION
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
1 youth (n.)
Thai Definition
Sentence
He spent his youth in America.
วัยหนุ่มสาว
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SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
I will wear my most fashionable toe shoes. tear (v.) ฉีกออก They tear the photograph into pieces. symbol (n.) สัญลักษณ์ The dove is the symbol of peace. loose (adj.) หลวม This belt is loose. Did you see my second goal? Right? spectacular (adj.) น่าประทับใจ It was spectacular. The performance of the group is performance (n.) การแสดง remarkable. folk (n.) กลุม่ คน, ประชาชน Some folk in this town are very friendly. He was typically relaxed about the typically (adv.) โดยปกติ whole issue. Jimmy met his special someone in a special (adj.) พิเศษ party.
2 fashionable (adj.) ทันสมัย 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UNIT 3 : MY WAY OF LIFE
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
You will need a college degree in applying a job. 2 temporary (adj.) ชั่วคราว He made a temporary repair. ที่สามารถมองเห็น The scar on her face is scarcely 3 visible (adj.) ได้ visible now. He is the most important member of 4 member (n.) สมาชิก the team. เรียบง่าย, The matter is not as simple as you 5 simple (adj.) ไม่ซับซ้อน think. 1 degree (n.)
ระดับ, ขั้น
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MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
8 9 10
Sentence
The relatives of my wife love me so much. His parents won't let him play ice dangerous (adj.) อันตราย hockey because they think it's too dangerous. The glass shattered into a thousand tiny (adj.) ขนาดเล็ก tiny pieces. unbelievable ซึ่งไม่น่าจะเป็นไป She eats an unbelievable amount of (adj.) ได้ food. น�้ำหนักบรรทุก, The maximum load for this elevator is load (n.) ภาระ eight persons.
6 relatives (n.) 7
Thai Definition
ญาติพี่น้อง
UNIT 4 : CHAMPIONS
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
My friend is a very good athlete and always participates in games. She took up cycling and won five US national titles. He tried to squash too many clothes into his case. Foreign teachers take part in the game. What will happen if the covid19 won’t come to an end?
1 athlete (n.)
นักกีฬา
2 cycling (n.)
การขี่จักรยาน
3 squash (v.)
บด, บีบ, อัด
4 take part (v.)
มีส่วนร่วม
5 happen (v.)
เกิดขึ้น
6 field (n.)
ทุ่งนา, ลานกว้าง, My in-laws works in the field. สนาม สุดท้าย, สิ้นสุด The judge’s decision is final.
7 final (adj.)
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SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
8 prepare (v.)
Thai Definition
Sentence
I will prepare your speech for Thursday. The horse will race against five others on Friday. Competition makes children try harder.
เตรียมตัว
แข่งขันทาง ความเร็ว 10 competition (n.) กิแข่จกรรมการ งขัน 9 race (v.)
UNIT 5 : CALL THE POLICE!
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
5 theft (n.)
Breaking the speed limit is against the law. เสนอ, แนะน�ำ I suggest that we have lunch now. มุ่งความสนใจไป Her plans always centre/center on ยัง her child. การท�ำลาย ทรัพย์สินโดย All the telephones are out of order เฉพาะของรัฐอย่าง owing to vandalism. ไร้เหตุผล การลักขโมย He was jailed for theft.
6 notice (n.)
ความสนใจ
1 law (n.) 2 suggest (v.) 3 centre (v.) 4 vandalism (n.)
กฏหมาย
His skill attracted their notice. I felt exhausted after climbing all those stairs. Suddenly she realized that the stranger had a gun. She is trying to steal money from the store.
7 exhausted (adj.) เหน็ดเหนื่อย 8 suddenly (adv.) ทันใดนั้น 9 steal (v.)
ขโมย
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10
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
10 strange (adj.)
Thai Definition
Sentence
What would you do if you found a strange man in your house?
แปลกหน้า
UNIT 6 : CITY LIFE
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
1 discuss (v.) 2 pollution (n.) 3 village (n.) 4 rubbish (n.) 5 transport (v.) 6 motorway (n.) 7 scooter (n.) 8 opinion (n.) 9 crowd (n.) 10 public (adj.)
Thai Definition
Sentence
We discuss about politicians in class. The company claims it is not มลพิษ responsible for the pollution in the river. หมู่บ้าน They live in a little village. Our rubbish is taken away twice a ขยะ week. need buses to transport us from บรรทุก, ขนส่ง They the airport to the city. They are building a new motorway to ทางด่วน link the two cities. รถจักรยานยนต์ I ride my own scooter to school every day. ขนาดเล็ก Please give me your opinion about ความคิดเห็น this topic. A crowd of people gathered in the ฝูงชน street. The public announcements are on the สาธารณะ back page of the newspaper. ถกเถียง
UNIT 7 : GETTING ON
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
1 behave (v.)
Thai Definition
Sentence
You should behave well at the party.
ประพฤติตัว
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SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
มีอ�ำนาจ He’s powerful in local politics. ซึ่งไม่เป็นทางการ ’Won’t’ are informal forms of ’will not’. not making much progress with 4 progress (n.) ความก้าวหน้า I'm my Spanish. 5 unwelcome (adj.) ไม่เป็นที่ต้อนรับ I felt that we were unwelcome. She would prefer to come with you 6 prefer (v.) ชอบมากกว่า rather than stay here. 7 rude (adj.) หยาบคาย I'm not naturally rude or insensitive. 8 fair (adj.) ยุติธรรม The law is not always fair. I like to receive an extra box of 9 extra (adj.) อย่างพิเศษ chocolates. 10 regularly (adv.) อย่างเป็นประจ�ำ His heart is beating regularly. 2 powerful (adj.) 3 informal (adj.)
UNIT 8 : GOING AWAY
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Thai Definition
Sentence
He sent his baggage on in advance. This article is very informative. This television show is very well-known. Please inform me of your intentions. They carry on the children over the carry (v.) พาไป, อุ้ม river. set off (v.) ออกเดินทาง We set off to go to the beach. sightseeing (n.) การเที่ยวชม We are taking a sightseeing tour. departure (n.) การออกเดินทาง The departure of the train was delayed. baggage (n.) article (n.) well-known (adj.) inform (v.)
กระเป๋าเดินทาง บทความ เป็นที่รู้จัก บอกให้ทราบ
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12
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
I was greeted by my sister on my arrival. เขตแดน, บริเวณ He lives in a poor district of the city.
9 arrival (n.)
การมาถึง
10 district (n.)
UNIT 9 : SHOP TILL YOU DROP
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
I pay for her meal every time. You may leave immediately when you โดยทันที finish your work. เพื่อนบ้าน My next-door neighbor is friendly. เพื่อน We’ve been mates for years. It is very expensive traveling in 5 expensive (adj.) แพง European countries. ตื่นตัว, It's good for old people to stay active 6 active (adj.) คล่องแคล่ว if they can. Company profits have doubled since 7 technology (n.) เทคโนโลยี the introduction of new technology. Divorce tends to be associated with a 8 negative (adj.) ที่เป็นด้านลบ negative image. 9 tights (n.) การเกงยืดแนบเนือ้ She bought three pairs of tights. ้น, 10 further (adv.) มากขึ ซึ่งเพิ่มเข้ามา There is no further news. 1 pay (v.) 2 immediately (adv.) 3 neighbor (n.) 4 mate (n.)
จ่าย
UNIT 10 : TASTE THIS!
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
1 frozen (adj.)
Thai Definition
Sentence
Bring the frozen fish here.
ซึ่งเป็นน�้ำแข็ง
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SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
ฉ�่ำ, มีน�้ำเนื้อมาก Bacon is the juicy, fatty part of the pig. ค�ำสั่ง You must learn to obey instruction. Okay, I'm going to make them with 4 recipe (n.) สูตรอาหาร my mom's special recipe. 5 disgusting (adj.) น่ารังเกียจ What a disgusting smell! 6 upset (adj.) หัวเสีย Is he very upset about failing his exam? 7 horrible (adj.) เลวร้าย What a horrible day! There are several families living 8 set up (v.) จัดตั้ง, สร้าง together in that house - it’s a funny set-up. 9 blog (n.) บล็อก She writes a daily blog. 10 incredible (adj.) ไม่น่าเชื่อ He does an incredible amount of work. 2 juicy (adj.) 3 instruction (n.)
UNIT 11 : A HEALTHY FUTURE
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
1 illness (n.)
ความเจ็บป่วย
2 predict (v.)
ท�ำนาย, คาดการณ์
3 damage (n.)
ความเสียหาย
4 cancer (n.)
มะเร็ง
There is a lot of illness in the village just now. Some economists predict an improvement in the economy. The storm did/caused a lot of damage. He died from cancer. It is impossible to say what will happen in the future. That car doesn’t matter a great deal to him.
5 impossible (adj.) ซึ่งเป็นไปไม่ได้ 6 matter (v.)
ส�ำคัญ
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
Sentence
14
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
7 healthcare (n.)
สาธารณสุข
8 evidence (n.)
หลักฐาน
Healthcare workers are some of the lowest paid people in the country. Her bag on the table was the only evidence of her presence. The food must be kept at a low temperature. It's not a simple task.
9 temperature (n.) อุณหภูมิ 10 task (n.)
Sentence
ภารกิจ
UNIT 12 : INCREDIBLE WILDLIFE
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Don’t be frightened of that snake - it’s harmless. She killed herself by taking poison. The wings of an eagle are very big. It is extremely hot outside. My house is similar to yours. The poor creature could hardly stand. The lifeboat was sent out to rescue the sailors from the sinking ship. The companies reduce the use of gas this year. Try to discover what’s going on! She’s a wonderful person.
1 harmless (adj.) ไม่เป็นอันตราย 2 3 4 5 6
poison (n.) eagle (n.) extremely (adv.) similar (adj.) creature (n.)
มีพิษ นกอินทรี อย่างสุดขีด เหมือนกัน สิ่งมีชีวิต
7 rescue (v.)
ช่วยชีวิต
8 reduce (v.)
ลดลง
Sentence
9 discover (v.) ค้นหา 10 wonderful (adj.) ยอดเยี่ยม
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SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
UNIT 13 : MIXED FEELINGS
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
This is a dreadful accident. embarrass him by making a 2 embarrass (v.) ท�ำให้ขายหน้า They scene. 3 come up (v.) ก่อให้เกิด He’s come up with a great idea. The hopeful faces of the children 4 hopeful (adj.) มีความหวัง stared at her. 5 feeling (n.) ความรู้สึก The feeling is mutual between them. will pick up a bargain at the shops 6 pick up (v.) ไปเอามา, ได้มา We today. 7 break (v.) ท�ำแตก, ท�ำหัก Please don’t break the vase. 8 thumb (n.) นิ้วหัวแม่มือ The baby is sucking his thumb. 9 drug (n.) ยาเสพติด I think she takes drug. 10 alive (adj.) มีชีวิตอยู่ Queen Victoria was still alive in 1900. 1 dreadful (adj.)
น่าสะพรึงกลัว
UNIT 14 : ON SCREEN
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
wrote detective fiction and made นวนิยาย, นิทาน She a good living at it. was a relief to get back to reality reality (n.) เป็นความจริง Itafter hearing the ghost story. Rosencrantz is a minor character in character (n.) ตัวแสดง Shakespeare’s ‘Hamlet’. plot (n.) เค้าโครงเรื่อง The play has a very complicated plot. A documentary on the political situation documentary (n.) สารคดี in Argentina has been recorded.
1 fiction (n.) 2 3 4 5
Sentence
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16
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
6 quality (n.) 7 describe (v.) 8 disappear (v.) 9 tasty (adj.) 10 dislike (v.)
Thai Definition
Sentence
The quality of education that students get from Saint Gabriel’s College is extraordinary. The bystanders describe what had บรรยาย happened. These customs will disappear by the หายไป end of the century. รสอร่อย, มีรสชาติ This fried rice looks tasty. ไม่ชอบ The patriots dislike attending rallies. คุณภาพ
UNIT 15 : DIGITAL LIFE
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
you finish working on a file, you ส่งข้อมูลขึ้นระบบ When have to upload it to the central server. delete (v.) ลบ I will delete all his pictures. switch (v.) สับเปลี่ยน Please switch it to pdf. files. Can you recommend a good recommend (v.) แนะน�ำ restaurant around this area? The computer programmers install all install (v.) ติดตั้ง the necessary security to prevent virus invasion. average (n.) ค่าเฉลี่ย The average of 3, 7, 9 and 13 is 8. , generally (adv.) โดยปกติ He generally gets up at 6 am. โดยทั่วไป ่งไม่ธรรมดา, Please take particular care of this particular (adj.) ซึโดยเฉพาะ letter.
1 upload (v.) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
9 allow (v.)
อนุญาต
10 receipt (n.)
ใบเสร็จรับเงิน
Sentence
Please don’t allow him to go to the party. I paid the bill and he gave me a receipt.
UNIT 16 : AMAZING SCIENCE
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Sentence
Please add one teaspoon of sugar and stir the coffee for me. academic achievement includes achievement (n.) การบรรลุผลส�ำเร็จ Her a Ph.D. in physics. The team aim to win the game aim (v.) ตั้งเป้าหมาย tomorrow. The officers support our campaign in support (v.) สนับสนุน preserving cleanliness. It is difficult to know what to do for difficult (adj.) ยาก the best. has to be tight security at a security (n.) ความปลอดภัย There prison. Were you successful in finding a new successful (adj.) ส�ำเร็จ house? I don’t like coffee. Could I please have instead (adv.) แทน, แทนที่ tea instead? fault (n.) ข้อผิดพลาด The accident was your fault. Team Liverpool and Team match (v.) การแข่งขัน (นัด) Manchester United is the most awaited match of all time.
1 stir (v.) 2
Thai Definition
คนให้เข้ากัน
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MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
UNIT 17 : TALENTED
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
There was an audience of at least 4000 people at the concert. went to art school to study 2 sculpture (n.) ประติมากรรม He painting and sculpture. The company gave a performance of 3 performance (n.) การแสดง ’Othello’. The publisher of this book is so 4 publisher (n.) ผู้จัดพิมพ์ creative. I manage a meeting with a security 5 manage (v.) จัดการ firm. 6 population (n.) ประชากร The population of London is 8 million. I will carve my own bronze statue in 7 statue (n.) รูปปั้น front of my mansion. 8 weather (n.) สภาพอากาศ The weather is nice today. noise from his electric guitar was 9 electric (adj.) ที่เกี่ยวกับไฟฟ้า The deafening. 10 underground ใต้พื้นดิน Rabbits live underground. (adj.) 1 audience (n.)
ผู้ชม
UNIT 18 : THE WORLD OF WORK
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
1 architect (n.)
Thai Definition
Sentence
Omar Sadiki. He's Jordanian. He's an architect. I'm a pharmacist, not a doctor.
สถาปนิก
2 pharmacist (n.) เภสัชกร ซึ่งไม่อาจลืมเลือน The experience was unforgettable. 3 unforgettable (adj.) ได้
19
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
I am sorry, Mr. Prime Minister, but I have to cut this short. นักการเมือง He's an honest politician. ตประเพณี, You remember him wearing the 6 traditional (adj.) ตามจารี ตามธรรมเนียม traditional clothes, and his beard? 7 state (n.) สภาพ He wasn’t in a fit state to take the class. 8 dark (n.) ความมืด He was sitting alone in the dark. Could you please give me an honest 9 honest (adj.) ซื่อตรง opinion? 10 form (v.) สร้างขึ้น They decided to form a drama group. Minister 4 Prime (n.) 5 politician (n.)
นายกรัฐมนตรี
UNIT 19 : THE WRITTEN WORD
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
การข้าม, การเดิน I was seasick as it was a very rough ทางข้ามแม่น�้ำ crossing. complete (adj.) ที่ท�ำอย่างสมบูรณ์ My car needs a complete overhaul. I saw your advert in yesterday’s advert (n.) โฆษณา newspaper. have a message for you from Mr. message (n.) ข่าวสาร, ข้อความ IJohnston. graphic (adj.) ภาพกราฟฟิค All these graphic arts are beautiful. problem (n.) ปัญหา I’m having a problem with my computer. have the right to vote for the vote (v.) ลงคะแนนเสียง We candidate of our choosing. retire (v.) เกษียณ I want to retire at the age of sixty-five.
1 crossing (n.) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Sentence
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
20
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
long jump was to be the third 9 competition (n.) การแข่งขันกีฬา The event of the competition. aunt’s legacy permitted me to go 10 permit (v.) อนุญาต, ช่วยให้ toMyAmerica. UNIT 20 : SEEING IS BELIEVING
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
1 imagination (n.) จินตนาการ 2 concentration การจดจ่อ, สมาธิ (n.) 3 carefully (adv.) อย่างระมัดระวัง 4 trick (n.)
เล่ห์เหลี่ยม
5 attention (n.)
ความสนใจ
6 solution (n.)
การแก้ปัญหา
7 population (n.)
ประชากร
8 statue (n.) 9 weather (n.) 10 underground (adj.)
รูปปั้น สภาพอากาศ ใต้พื้นดิน
21
Sentence
I can see it all in my imagination. Because she lacks of concentration she will never pass the exam. She is driving carefully. The message was just a trick to get her to leave the room. He tried to attract my attention. An easy solution is like a light in a storm, Merlin. The population of the world is decreasing because of unforeseen events. The children stood as still as statues. The weather is nice today. Underground excavation poses a threat to building sky scrapers.
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
M AT HE M AT ICS
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
VOCABULARY
MATHEMATICS Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
Algebraic expression includes variables, constants and operating symbols +, -, x and ÷. 4x + 2 is an example of an algebraic expression. Associative Property is changing the groupings of addends or factors and associative สมบั ต ก ิ ารเปลี ย ่ น 2 property (n.) do not affect the sum or product. หมู่ Examples : (2 + 7) + 10 = 2 + (7 + 10) and ( 5 x 7) x 3 = 5 x (7 x 3) Coefficient is the multiplying factor of 3 coefficient (n.) สัมประสิทธิ์ a variable, such as 5m, 5 is the coefficient. factor ตัวประกอบร่วม The common factor of the given 4 common (n.) numbers 4 and 6 are 1, 2 and 3. Commutative Property is changing the order of addends or factors and do commutative 5 property (n.) สมบัติการสลับที่ not affect the sum or product. Examples : 2 + 4 = 4 + 2 and 5 x 7 = 7 x 5. Constant value is a value that doesn’t constant value 6 (n.) ค่าคงที่ change. In expression y = 2x + 6, 6 is the constant value. 1 algebraic expression (n.) นิพจน์พีชคณิต
23
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
7 consecutive number (n.)
Thai Definition
จ�ำนวนที่เรียงต่อ กัน
ำนวนส่วนในเลข 8 denominator (n.) จ�เศษส่ วน of two ผลต่างก�ำลังสอง 9 difference squares (n.)
law สมบัติการกระจาย 10 distributive (n.)
11 expansion (n.)
การกระจาย
12 factorization (n.) การแยก ตัวประกอบ
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
24
Sentence
Consecutive numbers are numbers that follow each other continuously in the order. Example : x, x + 1, x + 2, x + 3 and so on are consecutive integers. Denominator represents the total number of population as2 it relates to a sample. In a fraction -5 , the denominator is 5. Difference of two squares is the difference of a squared number subtracted from another squared number. In expanding the expression (a + b) (a - b), it becomes a2 - b2 Distributive law is a law relating the operations of multiplication and addition. In example a (b + c) = ab + ac. The factor a is distributed across b + c. Expansion of an expression is to remove the brackets and distribute as needed. An example is a(x + y). It becomes ax + ay. Factorization is the opposite of expansion and factors can be written in multiplication form. Example : To factorize an expression like 2a + 6, you must multiply 2(a + 3). To factorize 12, you write it as 2 x 2 x 3.
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
It is the highest common factor of all greatest หารร่ ว มมากที ม ่ าก Example: The common factor 13 common factor ที่สุด (ห.ร.ม.) given. of 6, 12 and 18 are 1, 2, 3 and 6 then (n.) the greatest common factor is 6. 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Like terms are algebraic terms that like term (n.) พจน์คล้าย have same variables and powers. 8xyz2 and 5xyz2 are like terms. Numerator shows how many parts of จ� ำ นวนเศษในเลข numerator (n.) เศษส่วน a denominator6 are taken in a fraction. In example -7 , 6 is the numerator. Perfect Square is a number that can perfect square ก�ำลังสองสัมบูรณ์ be expressed as the product of two equal integers. 9, 16 and 25 are (n.) examples of perfect square. Polynomial is an expression that has ประกอบด้ ว ยหลาย polynomial (n.) พจน์, พหุนาม more than 2 algebraic terms. 5xy2 - x - y3 is an example of a polynomial. In quadratic equation, the highest quadratic exponent in the equation is a square. สมการก� ำ ลั ง สอง x2 + 9x + 14 is an example of a equation (n.) quadratic equation. the result of one number divided ผลลัพธ์ของการ Itbyisanother number. Example: In the quotient (n.) หาร a equation b = c, c is the quotient. A variable is a symbol or letter like x, variable (n.) ตัวแปร y or z that represents a certain value. Constant value is a value that doesn’t constant value ค่าคงที่ change. In expression y = 2x + 6, 6 (n.) is the constant value.
25
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
22 compound variation (n.)
การแปรผันรวม
23 decrease (v.)
ลดลง
Compound Variation occurs when there are multiple variables in an equation and one variable affects more than one other variables. Decrease is becoming smaller or lesser in amount, size number or degrees. It is the opposite of increase. Direct variation: If y varies directly as x, this relation is written as y ∝ x. When x increases or decreases, y also increases or decreases. Both are in same direction. The exponent of a number says how many times to use that number in multiplication. It is another word for power and index. Example : 83 = 8 x 8 x 8. The exponent “3” says you multiply 8 to itself three times. Increase is becoming greater or larger in amount, size number or degrees. It is the opposite of decrease. Inverse variation : If y varies inversely as x, this relation is written as y ∝ -1x . When x increases, y decreases. When x decreases, y increases. They are in opposite direction.
variation การแปรผันตรง 24 direct (n.)
25 exponent (n.)
เลขยกก�ำลัง
26 increase (v.)
เพิ่มขึ้น
variation การแปรผกผัน 27 inverse (n.)
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
Sentence
26
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
28
29
30
31
32
Thai Definition
Sentence
Irrational numbers are non-terminating, non-recurring decimal numbers. cannot be expressed as a ratio irrational number จ�ำนวนอตรรกยะ They of two numbers and cannot be written (n.) as a simple fraction. The decimal goes on forever without repeating. Example : π = 3.14159292… A non-terminating decimal is a decimal that has no end. It is a decimal with infinite digits and non-terminating ทศนิยมไม่รู้จบ recurring. decimal (n.) -8 = 0.53333… digit 3 Examples : 15 - = 0.523809523809… is recurring, 11 21 digits 523809 keeps recurring. A quantity is an amount, a number or measurement that answers the question “how much.” It can be quantity (n) ปริมาณ expressed in numbers or non-standard units. Quantity also refers to an unknown amount in an equation. A radical sign is used in a radical radical sign (v.) สัญลักษณ์ของราก expression. It is used to determine the order of root of a number. Rational numbers include whole numbers, integers, fractions that when as decimals terminate or rational number จ�ำนวนตรรกยะ expressed repeat. They are called terminating or (n.) repeating decimals. -34 = 0.75, (terminating) Examples : -23 = 0.6666 = 0.6 (repeating)
27
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
33
34
35
36
37
Thai Definition
Sentence
Real numbers can be positive, negative and zero. They are not real number (n.) จ�ำนวนจริง imaginary numbers. They can be whole numbers or decimal numbers. A reciprocal is one of a pair of numbers that when multiplied together วนกลับ/กลับตัว gives 1 as a product. reciprocal (n.) ส่เศษเป็ นตัวส่วน Example : the reciprocal of -23 is -32 , because -23 x -32 = 1. The reciprocal of 7 is -17 because 7 x -17 = 1. Scientific Notation is a method for expressing very large or very small numbers as the product of a decimal scientific สัญกรณ์ทาง between 1 and 10 and multiplied by a notation (n.) วิทยาศาสตร์ power of 10. Examples : 5.47 x 104 = 54700 , 8.3 x 10-2 = 0.083 To simplify an algebraic expression is to combine like terms and to simplify ผลส�ำเร็จ/ท�ำให้ a fraction is to reduce it to its lowest simplify (v.) ง่ายขึ้น term by cancelling using the lowest common factor for both numerator and denominator. A square root of a number is a value that, when multiplied by itself, gives ่สองที่เป็น the number as the answer. square root (n.) รากที จ�ำนวนบวก Example : 4 x 4 = 16, so the square root of 16 = 4, 5 x 5 = 25, so the square root of 25 = 5 SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
28
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
38 surd (n.)
39 terminating decimal (n.)
40 variation (n.)
Thai Definition
Sentence
A surd is an irrational number that is จ�ำนวนที่ถอดราก expressed accurately using the root ไม่ได้ sign. Examples of surd : √5, √10,√18 A terminating decimal is a decimal number that has digits that end. It is a decimal with finite number of digits. ทศนิยศรู้จบ Its decimal is non-recurring and non-repeating. -8 = 4.875 Examples : -34 = 0.75, 39 A variation is a relationship between two or more variables, we can then การแปรผัน write an equation relating the variables to each other. The sign of variation is ∝.
29
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
S CIE NC E A N D T E C H NO LO G Y
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
VOCABULARY
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIT 1 : THE HUMAN BODY
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
1 alimentary canal (n.)
ทางเดินอาหาร
2 enzyme (n.)
เอนไซม์
3 digestion (n.)
การย่อยอาหาร
4 trachea (n.)
หลอดลม
5 alveoli (n.)
ถุงลม
6 excretion (n.)
การขับถ่าย
7 sweat gland (n.) ต่อมเหงื่อ 8 platelet (n.)
เกร็ดเลือด
Sentence
Alimentary canal is the path way of digestive system. Digestion is the breaking down of food into simpler substances using digestive juices and enzymes. Digestion is the breaking down of food into simpler substances using digestive juices and enzymes. Air passes through the pharynx into the trachea. The small tubes connected to alveoli are called bronchiole. Excretion is the process of excretory system of human. The sweat gland of human being consists of eccrine gland and large sweat gland. Several hormones may stimulate platelet activating factor biosynthesis invitro.
31
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
9 capillaries (n.) 10 circulation (n.) 11 cerebrum (n.) 12 cerebellum (n.) 13 brainstem (n.) 14 gamete (n.) 15 puberty (n.) 16 menstruation (n.) 17 adolescent (n.) 18 pregnancy (n.) cord 19 umbilical (n.) 20 placenta (n.)
Thai Definition
Sentence
are blood vessels that หลอดเลือดฝอย Capillaries connect arteries and veins. constant flow of blood within the การไหลเวียนโลหิต The body is called circulation. สมองส่วนที่ใหญ่ Cerebrum is the largest part of the ที่สุดของมนุษย์ brain. cerebellum lies at the back of the สมองส่วนล่าง The head under the cerebrum. The brainstem connects the brain to ก้านสมอง the spinal cord. Each parent produces one เซลล์สืบพันธุ์ reproductive cell called gamete. The stage of life when the human วัยเริ่มหนุ่มสาว body becomes capable of reproduction is known as puberty. Menstruation is the removal of an unfertilized egg from body along with ประจ�ำเดือน blood and tissues lining the uterus every 28-30 days. On reaching puberty, a child becomes วัยรุ่น an adolescent. She had a difficult pregnancy with her การตั้งครรภ์ first child. The midwife cut and tied off the สายสะดือ baby's umbilical cord. A special organ in the uterus is called รก the placenta.
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
32
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
UNIT 3 : MEASUREMENT OF SUBSTANCES
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
1 carpel (n.)
เกสรตัวเมีย
2 cotyledon (n.)
ใบเลี้ยงพืช
3 diffusion (n.)
การแพร่
Sentence
A carpel is the female part of a flower. The seedlings of some flowering plants have no cotyledons at all. Diffusion of the lemon and lime in the air caused a citrusy aroma to move throughout the house.
UNIT 4 : FORCES
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
4 oscillation (n.)
การกวัดแกว่ง
force 5 buoyant (n.)
แรงลอยตัว
6 effort (n.)
แรงพยายาม
7 load (n.)
น�้ำหนัก
8 pole (n.)
ขั้ว
9 pressure (n.)
แรงกดดัน
force 10 restoring (n.)
แรงดึงกลับ
Sentence
Oscillation is a repetition of to and fro movement of bob from its normal position in a simple pendulum. Buoyant force is the force exerted by a liquid on an object that is immersed in it. Effort is force applied to a machine to do work. Load is the weight of an object to be moved or the force that needs to be overcome to do work. Pole is one of the two areas on a magnet where the magnetic force is strongest. Pressure is force per unit area. It is a force that acts on an object to restore its state of equilibrium is known as restoring force.
33
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Sentence
A circular movement that takes place about a fixed point or axis is a rotation. Torque is a measured of how much a torque (n.) แรงบิด force acting on an object causes that object to rotate. field is the area around a magnetic field สนามแม่เหล็ก Magnetic magnet where the magnetic force has (n.) an effect. Luminous intensity is a measured of luminous inten- ความเข้มส่อง the wavelength weighted power sity (n.) สว่าง emitted by a light source in a particular direction. Friction is a contact forces acting friction (n.) แรงเสียดทาน between objects only when they are in contact with each other. Gravity is a force of attraction that gravity (n.) แรงดึงดูดของโลก exists between any two masses, any two bodies and any two particles. Weight of an object is the measure of weight (n.) น�้ำหนัก the intensity of the force imposed on the object by the gravitational field. Mass measures the quantity of matter mass (n.) มวล regardless of its location in the universe. In physics a wave can be thought of as a disturbance or oscillation that wave (n.) คลื่น travels through space-time accompanies by a transfer of energy.
11 rotation (n.) 12
Thai Definition
การหมุน
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
34
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
20 vibration (n.)
Thai Definition
Sentence
Vibration is periodic back and forth motion of the particles of an elastic body or medium.
การสั่นสะเทือน
MEMO
35
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
S OC I A L S T U DIES
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
VOCABULARY
SOCIAL STUDIES GEOGRAPHY UNIT 1 : PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ASIA
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
Mainland Asia is in the northern hemisphere. Siberia is sparsely populated due to sparsely (adv.) อย่างเบาบาง the extremely cold climate. ้นดินเยือกแข็ง Permafrost is an area of land which is permafrost (n.) ชัคงตั ว permanently frozen below the surface. is sparsely populated due to infertile (adj.) ไม่อุดมสมบูรณ์ Siberia its infertile land. vegetation (n.) พืชพรรณ The natural vegetation of Siberia includes long stretches of coniferous coniferous forest ป่าสน forest. (n.) Siberia is the coldest place in the inhabit (v.) อยู่อาศัย world that is inhabited. Tibetan Plateau is the highest plateau plateau (n.) ที่ราบสูง in the world. Kamchatka peninsula contains about peninsula (n.) คาบสมุทร 160 volcanoes. มีทางออกสู่ Central Asia is a large landlocked landlocked (adj.) ไม่ ทะเล region.
1 hemisphere (n.) ซีกโลก 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
37
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Kazakhstan has a continental climate with very cold winters and very hot summers. Climate of Central Asia is arid.
11 continental (adj.) ภาคพื้นทวีป 12 arid (adj.) 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Sentence
แห้งแล้ง ทุ่งหญ้าสเตปป์, A steppe is a dry, grassy plain which steppe (n.) ทุ่งหญ้ากึ่งทะเล exists in temperate climates. ทราย The temperature in the high altitude decreases at an approximate altitude (n.) ระดับความสูง zone rate of 1 degree Celsius for every 170 meters of altitude. are caused by the tectonic plate (n.) แผ่นเปลือกโลก Earthquakes movement of tectonic plates. South Asia is a subcontinent because subcontinent (n.) อนุทวีป it rests on its own tectonic plate, Indian plate. In Summer, the Southwest monsoon monsoon (n.) มรสุม provides India with most of its rainfall. windward (adj.) หันเข้าหาลม The rainfall measurement is high on the windward side of the region and leeward (adj.) ไม่ได้รับลม low on the leeward side. A lot of people choose to live in temperate (adj.) อบอุ่น temperate regions of the world. Climate in India ranges from tropical tropical (adj.) เขตร้อน in the south to temperate in the north. wetland (n.) พื้นที่ชุ่มน�้ำ Many protected wetlands in India are mangrove forest ป่าชายเลน tropical mangrove forests. (n.) SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
38
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
Deserts have very low precipitation and humidity.
24 precipitation (n.) หยาดน�้ำฟ้า
UNIT 2 : NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT OF ASIA
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
25 irrigation (n.)
Thai Definition
Sentence
The people of East Asia have developed water control techniques such as irrigation systems.
การชลประทาน
26 radioactive (adj.) กัมมันตภาพรังสี Radioactive contamination from nuclear plants and nuclear testing has 27 contamination การปนเปื อ ้ น caused medical problems. (n.) The Tibetan Plateau is not stable, so 28 stable (adj.) มั่นคง earthquakes continually occur. 29 shrink (v.) หดตัว ท�ำลาย, สร้าง The shrinking of the Aral Sea 30 devastate (v.) ความเสียหาย devastates a thriving fishing industry. อย่างรุนแรง Landslides are common in the lower 31 landslide (n.) ดินถล่ม Himalayas. การปล่อยให้สัตว์ Overgrazing occurs when too many 32 overgrazing (n.) แทะเล็มพืชคลุม animals graze for too long, damaging ดินมากเกินไป the grasses and their roots. The Bengal tiger and the Asian endangered เป็ น อั น ตราย, 33 (adj.) elephant are critically endangered ถูกคุกคาม species. 34 arable (adj.)
เหมาะแก่การ เพาะปลูก
West Asia has very little arable land.
39
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
The impact of deforestation includes loss of species’ habitat, flooding, soil erosion, and smoke from forest erosion (n.) การกร่อน burning. The failure of the monsoon rain drought (n.) ความแห้งแล้ง results in drought causing large crop losses. Pigs, poultry and fish are the main livestock (n.) ปศุสัตว์ livestock in China. desertification การกลายสภาพ Desertification is a major problem in (n.) เป็นทะเลทราย the Middle East. China has the world’s largest potential hydropower (n.) พลังน�้ำ for developing hydropower.
ดไม้ 35 deforestation (n.) การตั ท�ำลายป่า 36 37 38 39 40
UNIT 3 : POPULATIONS AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS IN ASIA
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Siberia is home to many different indigenous people. China officially recognizes 56 ethnic groups. There are tensions between several minorities and the Han people in China. Over 300 million people in India live in poverty. In India, people migrate from rural areas to urban areas for better job opportunities.
41 indigenous (adj.) พื้นเมือง 42 ethnic group (n.) กลุ่มชาติพันธุ์ 43 minorities (n.) 44 tension (n.)
ชนกลุ่มน้อย ความตึงเครียด
45 poverty (n.)
ความยากจน
46 rural (adj.) 47 urban (adj.)
ชนบท เมือง
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
Sentence
40
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
Thai Definition
Sentence
Urbanization in India increases rapidly urbanization (n.) การท�ำให้เป็นเมือง because of widespread immigration from rural villages. population ความหนาแน่น Indian cities have very high population density (n.) ของประชากร density. ด Due to overcrowding, Mumbai is one overcrowding (n.) ความแออั ยัดเยียด of the most polluted cities in India. Afghanistan has suffered from military unrest (n.) ความไม่สงบ unrest. multicultural หลากหลายทาง India has a multicultural society. (adj.) วัฒนธรรม การอพยพ, As a result of massive immigration, immigration (n.) การย้ายถิ่นเข้า the overseas Chinese became a large ประเทศ percentage of overall population in Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand. overseas (adj.) โพ้นทะเล Uyghurs and Tibetans currently cultural assimila- การกลืนกลายทาง The fight against Chinese cultural assimition (n.) วัฒนธรรม lation.
56 terrorist (n.)
ผู้ก่อการร้าย
57 policy (n.)
นโยบาย
The Chinese government branded some Uyghurs as terrorists. China has adopted the One-child policy to limit the country’s population growth.
58 investment (n.) การลงทุน 59 manufacturing การผลิต (n.)
China welcomed foreign investments to support the growth of the manufacturing sector.
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SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Xi Jinping’s project focuses on improving connectivity and cooperation among multiple countries. Literacy rate in India has been increasing as more people receive a better education.
60 cooperation (n.) ความร่วมมือ 61 literacy (n.)
Sentence
การรู้หนังสือ
UNIT 4 : CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT OF ASIA
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
The Han have been the dominant ethnic group in China for centuries. Four major world religions originated 63 originate (v.) ก�เริำ่มเนิต้ดนขึขึ้น้น, in India. language ภาษาราชการ Hindi and English are official 64 official languages of India. (n.) 65 atheist (adj.) ไม่เชื่อในพระเจ้า China is officially an atheist country. Confucianism is the most widely 66 Confucianism ลั ท ธิ ข งจื อ ่ practiced faith in China. (n.) Throughout East Asia, there is a 67 feng shui (n.) ฮวงจุ้ย widespread practice of feng shui. Chinese language is spoken in 68 dialect (n.) ภาษาถิ่น different dialects in different parts of China. วิญญาณนิยม, Animism is a belief that exists all over 69 animism (n.) Southeast Asia. การนับถือผี In Islamic countries like Saudi Arabia, 70 enforce (v.) บังคับใช้ Islamic law is enforced in all aspects of daily life. 62 dominant (adj.) เด่น
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MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
HISTORY UNIT 1 : CHINESE CIVILIZATION
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
Xia dynasty was the first dynasty of China. know the history of early 2 oracle bone (n.) กระดูกเสี่ยงทาย Historians China through the oracle bones. The kings chose warlords to govern 3 warlord (n.) ขุนศึก the kingdom’s territories. The warlords and other royal officials 4 aristocrat (n.) ชนชั้นสูง made up the upper class, or aristocrats. People in ancient China honored their 5 ancestor (n.) บรรพบุรุษ ancestors. 6 ruler (n.) ผู้ปกครอง Chinese rulers claimed that the Mandate of Heaven gave them the of 7 Mandate อาณั ต แ ิ ห่ ง สวรรค์ right to rule. Heaven (n.) Chinese families practice filial piety, ญญู which means that children had to 8 filial piety (n.) ความกตั กตเวที respect their parents and older relatives. 9 philosophy (n.) ปรัชญา During the time of disorder, three new 10 Daoism (n.) ลัทธิเต๋า philosophies developed in China: Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism. 11 Legalism (n.) ลัทธินิตินิยม Confucianism taught about humanity, 12 humanity (n.) มนุษยธรรม which consisted of a sense of compassion and empathy for others. 1 dynasty (n.)
ราชวงศ์
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SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
Qin Shi Huangdi was the first emperor of China. Shi Huangdi used harsh methods 14 unify (v.) รวมเข้าด้วยกัน Qin to unify China. The Great Wall was built to protect 15 nomad (n.) ชนเผ่าเร่ร่อน China from the nomads in the north. service การสอบเข้ารับ The civil service examination was 16 civil introduced in the Han dynasty. examination (n.) ราชการ 17 pilgrimage (n.) จาริกแสวงบุญ During the Tang dynasty, a Buddhist monk named Xuanzang made a pilgrimage to India and translated the 18 scripture (n.) คัมภีร์ sacred scriptures of Buddhism from Sanskrit into Chinese. The invention of printing was very การประดิ ษ ฐ์ , 19 invention (n.) สิ่งประดิษฐ์ important because it helped to spread ideas more rapidly. 20 literature (n.) วรรณกรรม The Tang dynasty is viewed as the golden age of literature, especially 21 poetry (n.) กวีนิพนธ์ poetry. ยนตัว Calligraphy was used in writing 22 calligraphy (n.) ศิอักลปะการเขี poetry. ษร ่องเคลือบ, China traded tea, steel, paper, and 23 porcelain (n.) เครื เครื่องลายคราม porcelain. The Mongols conquered China and 24 conquer (v.) เอาชนะ created a new dynasty called Yuan dynasty. าเถื่อน, The Chinese thought that the 25 barbarian (n.) คนป่ Europeans were barbarians. อนารยชน 13 emperor (n.)
จักรพรรดิ
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MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
As a result of Zheng He’s voyages, Chinese merchants settled in Southeast Asia and India. If foreign states wished to trade with 27 tribute (n.) บรรณาการ China, they had to pay tributes to the Chinese emperors. The British sold opium to China in the 28 opium (n.) ฝิ่น early 19th century. 29 treaty (n.) สนธิสัญญา The Treaty of Nanjing gave Britain the island of Hong Kong and granted extraterritorial สิ ท ธิ ส ภาพ British citizens in China extraterritorial 30 rights (n.) นอกอาณาเขต rights. The Taiping Rebellion was led by Hong Xiuquan, a Christian convert 31 rebellion (n.) กบฏ who viewed himself as a younger brother of Jesus Christ. In the 19th century, China had faced 32 humiliation (n.) ความอัปยศ years of humiliation. 33 overthrow (v.) ล้มล้างอ�ำนาจ After the Qing dynasty was overthrown, the Republic of China 34 republic (n.) สาธารณรัฐ was established. 35 intellectual (adj.) ทางปัญญา The May Fourth Movement was an intellectual, social and political reform movement that occurred in China in 36 reform (n.) การปฏิรูป 1917 - 1921. Communism is a political and economic system that seeks to create a classless 37 Communism (n.) ลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์ society in which the major means of production are owned and controlled by the public. 26 voyage (n.)
การเดินทาง, การเดินเรือ
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SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
38 party (n.)
พรรคการเมือง
39 invade (v.)
บุก, รุกราน
40 surrender (v.)
ยอมแพ้
In 1921, the Chinese Communist Party was established in Shanghai. Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931. In 1945, Japan surrendered in World War II.
41 seize (v.) 42 landlord (n.)
ยึด เจ้าของที่ดิน
Mao Zedong seized the lands and properties of landlords.
43 incentive (n.)
สิ่งจูงใจ
In a communist state, people have no incentive to work hard.
44 uprising (n.) 45 revolution (n.)
การจลาจล การปฏิวัติ
The Red Guards led a major uprising known as the Cultural Revolution.
46 capitalism (n.)
ทุนนิยม
47 execute (v.)
ประหารชีวิต
48 massacre (n.)
การสังหารหมู่
Deng Xiaoping adopted the idea of capitalism to help China’s economy. Intellectuals and anyone who resisted the revolution were executed. Tiananmen Massacre happened because the students called for freedom and democracy. China's human rights record has been criticized for years.
49 human rights (n.) สิทธิมนุษยชน
UNIT 2 : INDIAN CIVILIZATION
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
50 drainage (n.)
Thai Definition
The cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were best known for their drainage system.
การระบายน�้ำ
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Sentence
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MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61
Thai Definition
Sentence
India’s caste system divided people caste system (n.) ระบบวรรณะ into specific social and economic classes. The Aryans believed in many deities deity (n.) เทพเจ้า who controlled the forces of nature. Hindus believe that every living being reunite (v.) รวมกันอีกครั้ง has a soul that wants to be reunited with Brahman. idea of passing through many ยนว่ายตาย This reincarnation (n.) การเวี lives to reach the Brahman is called เกิด reincarnation. The consequences of how a person karma (n.) กรรม lives are known as karma. Four Noble The heart of the Buddha’s teachings อริ ย สั จ 4 Truths (n.) is contained in the Four Noble Truths. At age 35, Siddhartha reached enlightenment การตรัสรู้ enlightenment while sitting beneath a (n.) tree. If a person gave up all desires, he or nirvana (n.) นิพพาน she would reach nirvana. Emperor Ashoka ordered laborers to pillar (n.) เสา carve the Buddha’s teachings on stone pillars. Mahabharata is the longest epic of epic (n.) มหากาพย์ the world. Emperor Akbar abolished the tax on abolish (v.) ล้มเลิก non-Muslims.
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SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
62 tolerance (n.)
ขันติธรรม
Tolerance is the willingness to accept opinions or behavior that are different from your own, although you might not agree with them.
63 suffer (v.)
ทุกข์ทรมาน ภาวะข้าวยาก หมากแพง, ทุพภิกขภัย
While Shah Jahan was building gardens, monuments, and forts, his country was suffering with famine.
64 famine (n.)
Aurangzeb lost his power due to his oppression of the people. After the Mughal empire collapsed, การพั ง ทลาย, 66 collapse (v.) many small states broke away from การล่มสลาย Mughal control. The British East India Company set 67 trading post (n.) สถานีการค้า up trading posts at Bombay, Madras, and Calcutta. The British considered India as the 68 colony (n.) อาณานิคม most valuable of all British colonies. collapsed after the end of 69 colonialism (n.) ระบอบอาณานิคม Colonialism World War II. The British imperialism of India was a 70 imperialism (n.) ลัทธิจักรวรรดินิยม time when the British ruled Colonial India. การเหยียด The British officers had an attitude of 71 racism (n.) เชื้อชาติ racism toward Indian people. On the positive side, Britain's influence 72 modernize (v.) ท�ำให้ทันสมัย in India enabled India to modernize. 65 oppression (n.) การกดขี่
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MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Nationalism triggered independence movements to overthrow colonial powers. Radical nationalists carried out acts of violence to show their hatred of British rule. Gandhi launched his campaign of civil disobedience to weaken the British government’s authority and economic power over India. Gandhi called on Indians to boycott British goods. India gained its independence in 1947. Partition was the term given to the division of India into separate Hindu and Muslim nations. Jawaharlal Nehru emphasized democracy, unity, and economic modernization.
73 nationalism (n.) ชาตินิยม 74 radical (adj.)
หัวรุนแรง
75 violence (n.)
ความรุนแรง
76 civil disobedience (n.) อารยะขัดขืน 77 boycott (v.)
คว�่ำบาตร
78 independence (n.) เอกราช 79 partition (n.)
Sentence
การแบ่งแยก ประเทศ
80 democracy (n.) ประชาธิปไตย
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OC C U PAT I O N
MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
VOCABULARY
OCCUPATION COMPUTER
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
ตัวต้านทานการ A resistor restricts the flow of current, 1 resistor (n.) ไหลของกระแส for example to limit the current passing through an LED. ไฟฟ้า A rheostat (a type of variable resistor) variable resistor ตั ว ต้ า นทานปรั บ 2 (n.) is usually used to control current like ค่าได้ adjusting lamp brightness. 3 capacitor (n.)
4 polarized capacitor (n.) 5 variable capacitor (n.) 6 diode (n.) LED light 7 emitting diode (n.)
A capacitor stores electric charge. A capacitor is used with a resistor in a ตัวเก็บประจุ timing circuit. It can also be used as a filter, to block DC signals but pass AC signals. Electrolytic capacitor is one type of ตัวเก็บประจุแบบ polarized capacitors; one terminal must always have positive potential มีขั้ว with respect to the other. ตัวเก็บประจุปรับ A variable capacitor is used in a radio tuner. ค่าได้ A diode is a device which only allows ไดโอด current to flow in one direction. A transducer which converts electrical ไดโอดเปล่งแสง energy to light is called a light emitting Diode.
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Sentence
ไดโอดแบบพิเศษ A special diode which is used to ุณสมบัติในการ maintain a fixed voltage across its 8 zener diode (n.) มีรักคษาแรงดั นไฟฟ้า terminals is called a zener diode. ให้คงที่ A light-sensitive diode, called a ไดโอดแปลค่ า ตาม 9 photodiode (n.) ความเข็มของแสง photodiode, converts light in to current or voltage. 10 11 12 13 14
15
16
A transistor amplifies current. It can transistor (n.) ทรานซิสเตอร์ be used with other components to make an amplifier or switching circuit. สเตอร์แปล A light-sensitive transistor, called a phototransistor ทรานซิ ค่าตามความเข็ม phototransistor, is used to amplify (n.) ของแสง current. A microphone is a transducer which microphone (n.) ไมโครโฟน converts sound to electrical energy. An earphone is a transducer which earphone (n.) หูฟัง converts electrical energy to sound. A loudspeaker is a transducer which loudspeaker (n.) ลำ�โพง converts electrical energy to sound. An amplifier is an electronic device that increases the voltage, current, power of a signal. Amplifiers are amplifier (n.) เครื่องขยายเสียง or used in wireless communications and broadcasting, and in audio equipment of all kinds. A device which is designed to receive antenna (n.) เสาอากาศ or transmit radio signals is known as an antenna. SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE, THAILAND
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MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
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Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
17 voltmeter (n.)
มาตรวัดแรงดัน ไฟฟ้า
18 ammeter (n.)
มาตรวัดกระแส ไฟฟ้า
19 ohmmeter (n.)
มาตรวัดความ ต้านทานไฟฟ้า
Sentence
A voltmeter is used to measure voltage. The proper name for voltage is 'potential difference', but most people prefer to say voltage! An ammeter is used to measure current. An ohmmeter is used to measure resistance. Most multimeters have an ohmmeter setting. An oscilloscope is used to display the shape of electrical signals and it can be used to measure their voltage and time period.
เครื่องมือวัด 20 oscilloscope (n.) สัญญาณทาง ไฟฟ้า
TECHNOLOGY
Vocabulary & No. Parts of speech
Thai Definition
Sentence
One of the most popular protocols for LANs is called Ethernet. The transmission from any station 2 transmission (n.) การส่งผ่านข้อมูล travels the length of the cable in both directions. 3 message (n.) ข้อความ Have come to deliver a message. Medium refers to the physical channel 4 medium (n.) สื่อกลาง through which is sent and received. particular chip has a transmitter, 5 wireless (adj.) สัญญาณไร้สาย This which makes it wireless. 6 connect (v.) เชื่อมต่อกัน He connected the cord to the machine. 1 protocol (n.)
มาตรฐานการ สื่อสารข้อมูล
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MY WORLD OF VOCABULARY
SECONDARY 2
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Thai Definition
Sentence
อุปกรณ์ He likes to take electric devices apart. ความปลอดภัยใน He has a tricky firewall system in 8 firewall (n.) ระบบคอมพิวเตอร์ place. The designer of this algorithm built a 9 algorithm (n.) ขั้นตอนวิธี backdoor into his code. not in a position to make/set 10 condition (n.) กำ�หนดเงื่อนไข We're any conditions. The flowchart specifies or documents 11 flowchart (n.) ผัสัญงจำ�ลอง ลักษณ์ the order in which tasks are performed. A tool for planning, defining, or documenting the contents of a 12 pseudocode (n.) ผังจำ�ลองความคิด program routine or module. As the name implies, pseudocode is similar to (and often based on) a real code. For example, Microsoft Word or Excel ซอฟต์แวร์ are application software, as are 13 application software (n.) ประยุกต์ common web browsers such as Firefox or Google Chrome. กเขียนโปรแกรม Computer programs are written by 14 programmer (n.) นัคอมพิ วเตอร์ programmers. My friend, I'm looking with a debugger 15 debugger (n.) โปรแกรมตรวจแก้ จุดบกพร่อง active. The system software is usually 16 system (n.) ระบบ written in C programming language. ดลอกผล Plagiarism is not acceptable in any 17 plagiarism (n.) ขโมยคั งาน cases. 18 copyright (n.) ลิขสิทธิ์ Film are protected by copyright. 7 device (n.)
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Thai Definition
Sentence
การหลอกลวงขอ Phishing exercises in which criminals ข้อมูลผ่านทาง create replicas of commercial Web อินเตอร์เน็ต sites. Well, if he's an accomplished hacker, ่นแกล้งในโลก then 20 cyberbully (n.) ผูอิน้กลัเทอร์ he's like a cyberbully with super เน็ต powers. 19 phishing (n.)
IT'S COMMONLY SAID THAT PEOPLE WHO'VE BEEN ILL IN CHILDHOOD AND WHO'VE HAD AN UPSET EDUCATION NEVER REALLY REGRET THAT THEY DO. IT MEANS THAT YOU DON'T LOOK AT THE WORLD IN THE WAY THAT OTHER PEOPLE DO, AND IF YOU WERE INCLINED TO BE A WRITER, THAT'S A HELP. 55
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MEMO
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Morning Assembly Prayer Let us pray to the Lord of mercy, Who loves us tremendously, Who graciously protects us, Dear God, please grant us fortitude and strength, So that we can study well all day long. Please help us to progress creatively, To be good from day to day, To be honest, and morally conscious. Please bless our nation, and His Majesty our King, Bless our parents and teachers, Bless our fellow countrymen, So they may love one another, And live happily in peace and harmony. Amen.
Afternoon Prayer Let us pray to the Lord our God, Who is full of love and mercy, Who protects us from all evils, A day has passed and we have gained much knowledge. We thank you Lord for your mercy, Please bless and protect our nation, His Majesty our King, Our parents and teachers, Please forgive us our trespasses, And lead us away from temptation, and deliver us from danger. Amen.
BELIEVE IN YOURSELF T h e r e m ay b e days when you get up in the morning and things are not the way you had hoped they would be. That’s when you have to tell yourself that things will get better. There are times when people disappointed you and let you down. But those are the times when you must remind yourself to trust your own judgments and opinions, to keep your life focused on believing in yourself. There will be challenges to face and changes to make in your life, and it is up to you to accept them. Constantly keep yourself headed in the right direction. It may not be easy at times, but in those times of struggle you will find a stronger sense of who you are. So when the days come that are filled with frustration and unexpected responsibilities, remember to believe in yourself and all you want your life to be. Because the challenges and changes will only help you to find the goals that you know are meant to come true for you.
