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INTRODUCTION : By raising our student’s awareness of reading as a skill that requires active engagement and by teaching explicable reading strategies, we help our students to develop good pronunciation, articulation, rhythm, fluency and accuracy. GOALS : -
good pronunciation use of appropriate rhythm and stress to achieve well-paced, fluent reading to build important literacy skills such as comprehension
PROCESS : Select topics which are related to students’ interests and experiences or explore universal contemporary themes and issues.
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DURING READING : read with a purpose in mind and give complete attention to the reading task create visual images focus on unity and coherence, articulation, and good pronunciation identify with and develop an understanding of the characters (story)
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AFTER READING : reread important words when necessary paraphrase and summarize major ideas recognize how particular elements create moods or tones seek additional information from other sources as needed or desired ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Honorary Advisor : Bro. Dr. Monthol Prathumarach Committee : Bro.Manit Sakonthawat, M.A. Bro.Pathanant Chaiyara Mr.Tong-In Sawaengsin, M.A. Mr.Pisit Krittayanawach, M.A. Mr.Avirut Wisetchart, M.A. Mr.Yutthachai Ittivorachet, M.M. Ms.Yaowaluck Yaochareon, M.A. Ms.Pornsirin Watthanasathian, M.A. English Teachers Primary 1 - Secondary 3 Editorial Team : Mr.Yutthachai Ittivorachet, M.M. Members of the Foreigen Language Department Design & Layout : Mr.Wutichart Chatarupacheewin, M.FA. Mr.Sarayut Jorjaroenpanich Mr.Peerawit Arjloi Mr.Premsak Rativiriyapong, M.A. Audio Recorders : Mr.Weerawat Chaisuriya Mr.Samroeng Kaewsod Produced by : Saint Gabriel’s College BANGKOK, THAILAND Copyright @ 2018 ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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CONTENTS Before Chicago
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The Banker and The Pauper
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The Other Side of the Wall
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Your Influence on the Universe
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Going Against the Grain
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Mosquito Coils
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Noise Pollution
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Instant Noodle
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The Pitcher Plant
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Your Sense of Taste
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Lime-Yellow
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Walruses
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Pet Pals
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The Home Office
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Love and Time
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A Glass of Milk
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Before Chicago
The city you know is only about 150 years old. Long ago, before it was a city, people lived in this area. They were Native Americans who lived in Chicago long before it had this name. They were the ones who actually gave it its name. They called the city Checagou, which means wild onions. Every year, it was difficult to live here in the wintertime because it was snowy and extremely cold. There were not even any plants to pick. Then, the first plant that grew was the wild onion. In early spring, the Native Americans would eat it. Therefore, this became the place of the wild onion. No one actually planted it; the onion grew naturally. 4
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There were grasslands and forests, and there were also many animals. The Native Americans survived by hunting and fishing and from food they grew. In the summer, they grew food by planting vegetables. While it was still summer, they began to prepare for the winter. They knew it would be freezing and snowy. They would be able to track rabbits in the winter, and there would also be deer. However, they would not have as much food because there would be no plants growing in winter. In summer, the families would relocate to a village near a lake or river and build homes there. They would build the homes together. The homes were very large, so that a family could have several people living in one home. The families would fish and grow food. People in the village helped each other out. There always was work to do, and the family members shared the jobs. Then in winter, they would leave the village and build homes in the woods. Each family would build its own home, and would take animal skins with them to help construct their homes. They would use branches to make a kind of tent, and then cover the walls with those skins to keep them warm. They ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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were particularly skilled at building those types of homes. They would continue to hunt for food, and sometimes they would move their home in winter to a place where they could find more animals to hunt. It was difficult to get the food they needed. The weather was harsh, and animals sometimes died of starvation. Native Americans had to deal with the weather, getting food, and keeping warm. So, when they found the wild onions they knew it soon would be better weather and they would have more food. They would be able to join their friends and family at the summer village. Today in Chicago, Native Americans face different challenges. They have jobs to earn money to live. They work every day in many occupations. No longer is it a place for hunting and building your own home. It is hard to imagine what it looked like here long ago.
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The Banker and The Pauper
Once upon a time there lived a pauper and a banker. The first was poor while the second was rich. So it was inevitable that the rich man will be happier than the pauper. But their natures were opposite, for the poor man was happy whereas the banker was not. The banker was annoyed of the fact that while he tossed and turned in his bed at night, the pauper slept peacefully and always awoke rested and full of energy. ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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One day the banker could stand it no longer. He decided to find out why the pauper was a happy man in spite of his poverty. So he summoned him to his house and asked him his yearly income because he believed that happiness could only be measured in terms of wealth. “I don’t count too well, nor do I really care. I live each day as it comes and never worry about the next.” “Well, then, just tell me how much you earn in one day,” insisted the rich man. “I earn what I need. And even that would be too much were it not for all the Sundays and holidays when I must close my shop.” The banker liked the pauper. He wished to thank him for coming to his house, so he presented the poor man with a bag of hundred gold coins. Now, to the pauper these coins, which meant so little to the banker, seemed a great fortune. He decided to hide the bag, so that he would have the money if ever he should need it. So, when he returned to his house, he dug a big hole in a secluded corner of the garden, threw the bag into it, and covered it with dirt. 8
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But from that day on, the poor man’s life changed he began to worry about the safety of his money. Every night he slept a little less, and each time he heard the slightest sound, he became anxious about the safety of his coins. Finally, he could bear his unhappiness no longer. He went to the garden, dug up the coins and returned them to the banker. The pauper had learned an important lesson, and so has the banker. ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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The Other Side of the Wall
There was a young woman who took great pride in the growth and care of the flowers in her flower garden. She had been raised by her grandmother who taught her to love and care for flowers as she herself had done. So, like her grandmother, her flower garden was second to none. One day while looking through a flower catalogue she often ordered from, a picture of a plant immediately caught her eyes. She had never seen blooms on a flower like that before. “I have to have it,” she said to herself, and she immediately ordered it. When it arrived, she already had a place prepared to plant it. She planted it at the base of a stone wall at the back of her yard. It grew 10
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vigorously, with beautiful green leaves all over it, but there were no blooms. Day after day she continued to cultivate it, water it, feed it, and she even talked to it attempting to crouse it to bloom. But, it was no avail. One morning weeks later, as she stood before the vine, she contemplated how disappointed she was that her plant had not bloomed. She was giving considerable thought to cutting it down and planting something else in its place. It was at this point that her invalid neighbor, whose lot joined hers, called over to her. “Thank you so much! You can’t imagine how much I have enjoyed the blooms of that vine you planted.” The young woman walked through the gate into her neighbor’s yard, and sure enough, she saw that on the other side of the wall the vine was filled with blooms. There were indeed the most beautiful blooms she had ever seen. The vine had crept through the crevices and it had not flowered on her side of the fence, it had flowered luxuriantly on the other side. Just because you cannot see the good result of your labour does not mean that it bore no fruit. ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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Your Influence on the Universe
I read the first chapter of “A Brief History of Time” when Dad was still alive, and I got incredibly heavy boots about how relatively insignificant life is, and how, compared to the universe and compared to time, it didn’t even matter if I existed at all. When Dad was tucking me in that night and we were talking about the book, I asked if he could think of a solution to that problem. “What problem?” “The problem of how relatively insignificant we are.” He said, “Well, what would happen if a plane dropped you in the middle of the Sahara Desert and 12
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you picked up a single grain of sand with tweezers and moved it one millimetre?” I said, “I’d probably die of dehydration.” He said, “I just mean right then, when you moved that single grain of sand. What would that mean?” I said, “I don’t know, what?” He said. “Think about it.” I thought about it. “I guess I would have moved a grain of sand.” “Which would mean?” “Which would mean I moved a grain of sand?” “Which would mean you changed the Sahara.” “So?” “So?” So the Sahara is a vast desert. And it has existed for millions of years. And you changed it!” “That’s true!” I said, sitting up. “I changed the Sahara!” “Which means?” He said. “What? Tell me.” “Well, I’m not talking about painting the Mona Lisa or curing cancer. I’m just talking about moving that one grain of sand one millimetre.” “Yeah?” “If you hadn’t done it, human history would have been one way …” “Uh-huh?” “But, you did do it, so …?” I stood on the bed, pointed my fingers at the fake stars, and screamed: “I changed the universe!” “You did.” ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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Going Against the Grain
In their short lives, commercially raised chickens eat a lot of phosphorous, a nutrient that helps their muscles and bones grow. They also produce a lot of manure. Putting two and together, that means manure contains a lot of phosphorous. Chicken manure is often used as fertilizer, and phosphorous-containing runoff from fields can pollute streams and ponds and the water supply. This is a problem in areas with large commercial chicken operations. Now scientists at the University of Delaware, working with the United 14
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States Department of Agriculture and researchers from companies with a stake in the chicken industry, have found a way to reduce the amount of phosphorous in manure. The scientists have developed a corn hybrid that contains more phosphorous that can be digested by the chickens. Regular corn contains a lot of the elements, but much of it is bound to phytic acid and cannot be absorbed by the birds. The hybrid contains less of the acid, and thus more of the phosphorous in the corn is available. The researchers also fed the chickens an enzyme that helps break down the phytic acid and make even more of the phosphorous digestible. ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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Mosquito Coils.
Walk down the main street of any tourist town in Southern Thailand and you will likely find a mosquito coil smoking away under every table in just about every restaurant. The tourist wonders: is mosquito coil smoke hazardous to my health? Travellers seem to fall into two camps on this issue. Some worry about it and try to avoid the mosquito coil smoke; others dismiss the health concern, considering the smoky coils a prudent precaution to thwart insects and the serious diseases they may arbor, most notably, dengue fever and malaria. 16
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Well, according to my investigation, a study by UC Riverside scientists reveals that many mosquito coils most notably those manufactured in Asia often contain up to one percent BCME, which has been described as ‘the most potent lung cancer chemical ever discovered.’ And lung cancer is just about the most deadly cancer known. In one Chinese factory where mosquito coils were manufactured, a large fraction of employees were dead within five years of starting their jobs. The cause? Lung cancer. By contrast, no study of cigarettes has ever found tobacco smoke to pose anywhere near such a high risk. Put it this way: there is no comparison between cigarettes and mosquito coils. ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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Noise Pollution
As a foreigner in Thailand, I’m not encumbered by cultural restrictions on speaking out about discomfort, and we have to say that the noise here is louder and more pervasive than what we hear in our home countries. To spend any time in Thailand, one must be inured to loud noise or it would be like walking through a blizzard dressed only in pajamas. Neither are monks nor their temples exempt from loud noise. One may wonder how they could meditate. Thai shopping malls are like oversized boom boxes. 18
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It’s a similar story on a bus, in a boat, in the skytrain in Bangkok or in a restaurant. Leisurely strolls in a quiet street in Bangkok are next to impossible. Such places as post offices and banks are not a source of refuge either. Excessive noise is not only in the cities. In the countryside growls of internal combustion engines and loudspeakers noise from outdoor festivals can be heard. Thailand relies on tourism to supply a major portion of its revenue. Offensive noise annoys tourists and lessens their probability of returning to Thailand. They also tell others when they return home. More importantly, noise pollution lessens quality of life for Thais. ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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Instant Noodle
The instant noodle market is expected to grow only a slight 6 per cent. This year for a total value of BT 11.6 billion due to reduced consumer spending says the Kasikorn Research (K Research) in a report. The forecast of 6 per cent is lower than last year’s growth of 10 per cent. Although the cost of living has dropped, due mainly to falling oil prices and interest rates, both of which look set to fall further this year consumers continue to wait and see how the continuing political uncertainty will be resolved K Research said in a report. 20
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Last year’s flooding in the North was partly responsible for the 10 per cent growth but demand is expected to return to the more normal rate of 6 per cent this year. To boost sales this year, instant noodle manufactures must devise new and more aggressive marketing concepts to promote their products, especially in term of advertising and event marketing. ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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The Pitcher Plant
There are many different kinds of plants. Do you know that there are plants that can kill and eat insects? It may sound very strange but it is true. There are plants that use clever ways to trap insects for their food. The pitcher plant is a common insect-eating in many countries. This plant has a clever trap shaped like a pitcher or jug. This pitcher even has a lid to keep out the rain. The mouth of the pitcher is covered with a sweet, sticky substance. Insects come to the pitcher to drink this honey or sweet juice. They want to drink more, so they crawl into the pitcher and drink the honey found at the bottom. 22
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The inner wall of the pitcher is covered with fine hairs. These hairs point downwards so the insects cannot climb out of the pitcher. They die inside it. Then the plant digests their bodies and absorbs them as food. There are also stories of a giant flesh-eating plant in South America. They say that the branches of this plant spread out like arms. Sometimes an animal strikes against these branches. The branches quickly fold round the animal and crush it to death. ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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Your Sense of Taste
The next time you have to take medicine that you don’t like the taste of, try this: chill the inside of your mouth by placing an ice cube in it. You won’t taste the medicine at all. Very hot and very cold foods can change your sense of taste. Heat, of course, increases your ability to taste. This is partly why many people like “piping hot” foods. You can taste very small amounts of sugar in hot coffee. But a lot more sugar is needed to make icecream and other cold foods to taste sweet. 24
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Your sense of smell is another thing that can change your sense of taste. You can prove this by drinking chocolate while holding your nose. You will find that it doesn’t taste much like chocolate. Most surprising of all, hold your nose and close your eyes while somebody gives you a bite of onion and a bite of apple. You won’t be able to taste the difference. ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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Lime-Yellow
Lemons are yellow. Grass is green. And fire engines are red. Or are they? In Mississippi, one city bought a lime-yellow fire engine. All twenty fire fighters said that lime-yellow would be the best color for a fire truck. They didn’t want red. Lime-yellow is a bright color. It’s not yellow. It’s not green. It’s halfway in between. This color is brighter than red. It’s easier to see. The fire fighters knew everybody would be able to see the lime-yellow truck. The truck would be able to go quickly and safely through the streets. Cars would see it and get out of the way in time. This lime-yellow fire engine is the first of its kind. No one near it will miss seeing it. Would you jump if you saw a lime-yellow truck racing down your block? 26
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Walruses
The walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) is a large Arctic marine mammal with flippers, a broad head, short muzzle, small eyes, tusks and whiskers. Scientists recognize two subspecies of walrus - the Atlantic walrus and the Pacific walrus. Walruses are cinnamon brown in color. They are able to turn their hind flippers forward to aid in movement on land. Their front flippers are large and each has five digits. Males have special air sacs that are used to make a bell-like sound. Both males and females have large tusks that are used for defense, cutting through ice and getting out of the water. The tusks can be more than three ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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feet long in males and about two and a half feet long in females. Diet Walrus staples include clams, mussels and other bottom dwelling (or benthic) organisms that they locate through their whiskers. They are also known to eat carcasses of young seals when food is scarce. Population The worldwide walrus population is about 250,000. Pacific walruses number more than 200,000. The Pacific walrus population was severely reduced by hunting in the past, but their numbers have rebounded after these severe reductions. Range The walrus is circumpolar in its range but they are found in geographically separate areas. The Pacific walrus is found in the Bering, Chukchi, and Laptev Sea, while the Atlantic walrus inhabits the coastal regions of northeastern Canada and Greenland.
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Pet Pals
Goldfish, hamsters, parrots, and even pigsabout half of all families in the United States have a pet! If there are ten homes on your street, pets probably live in five of them. What pets live in your neighborhood? Pets come in all sizes and shapes. They can have soft fur, colorful feathers, or smooth skin. They can have four legs, two legs, or none at all! The most popular pets are four-legged and furry. They’re cats and dogs, of course! Which furry friend do you prefer? ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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Most cats are happy to stay indoors and nap. If you leave them food and water, they don’t mind staying alone. They’re extremely clean so they don’t need baths. And they’re usually peaceful and quiet. Dogs need food, water, and baths. They also need to be taken for walks-sometimes late at night! Dogs get lonely so you can’t leave them alone for long. Some people think all that noisy barking is just too annoying! One thing’s certain about both dogs and cats. If you take care of them and love them, they’ll love you in return. Isn’t that the most important thing? 30
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The Home Office
Kate Simon gets up in the morning. She eats breakfast. She showers. She gets dressed for work. But she does not leave her house. Kate works at home. These days, many people work at home. They are called “telecommuters.” Telecommuters don’t commute, or drive, to their jobs. They use computers, telephones, and fax machines to “talk” to their coworkers. Every year, more companies let employees work at home. Some workers, like Kate, enjoy working at home. “I can choose my hours. I can wear comfortable clothes. And I don’t have to drive or ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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take a crowded bus every day. It’s cheaper, too. I don’t pay for a bus ride, or buy gas for my car,” says Kate. Many telecommuters agree with Kate. But David Park does not agree. David was a telecommuter for two years. He missed his coworkers. He had no one to discuss his ideas with. Also, David thinks that telecommuters work more hours. “When you work in an office, your work is finished when you go home. When you work at home, your work is never finished,” says David. “In fact, I often worked on weekends and on vocations, too.” Telecommuting is not good for everyone. David Park does not work at home anymore. But for some people, like Kate Simon, it’s the best choice. 32
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Love and Time
Once upon a time, there was an island where all the feelings lived: Happiness, Sadness, Knowledge, and all the others, including Love. One day it was announced to the feelings that the island would sink, so all constructed boats and left. Except for Love. Love was the only one who stayed. Love wanted to hold out until the last possible moment. When the island had almost sunk, Love decided to ask for help. Richness was passing by Love in a grand boat. Love said, “Richness, can you take me with you?” ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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Richness answered, “No, I can’t. There is a lot of gold and silver in my boat. There is no place here for you.” Love decided to ask Vanity who was also passing by in a beautiful vessel, “Vanity, please help me!” “I can’t help you, Love. You are all wet and might damage my boat,” Vanity answered. Sadness also passed close by, so Love asked, “Sadness, let me go with you.” “Oh … Love, I am so sad that I need to be by myself!? 34
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Happiness passed by Love, too, but she was so happy that she did not even hear when Love called her. Suddenly, there was a voice, “Come, Love, I will take you.” It was an elder. So blessed and overjoyed, Love even forgot to ask the elder where they were going, when they arrived at dry land, the elder went his own way. Realizing how much she owed to the elder, Love asked Knowledge, another elder, “Who helped me?” “It was Time,” Knowledge answered. “Time?” asked Love. “But why did Time help me?” Knowledge smiled with deep wisdom and answered, “Because only Time is capable of understanding how valuable Love is.”
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A Glass of Milk
Once, there was a poor boy who made a living by selling various objects from door to door. This was the way he earned money to pay for his school. One day, as he was walking from house to house as usual, he felt very hungry and weak. He felt that he couldn’t walk even a few steps. He decided to ask for food at a house. He knocked on the door and was stunned to see a beautiful young girl open the door. With much hesitation, he asked the girl for a glass of water. The young girl understood his condition 36
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and offered him a huge glass of milk. With an astonished look, the boy drank the milk very slowly. “How much do I owe you for this milk?” he asked her. The girl replied, “I do not want any money for this.” The boy thanked the girl from the bottom of his heart and left the place. Years passed by. The young girl grew up. In her youth, unfortunately, she fell ill and was diagnosed with the rarest kind of nervous disorder. Many experienced doctors were baffled at her condition, and she was admitted in the city hospital with the most advanced facilities. Dr. Kevin, a renowned neuro specialist was called in by the hospital to examine her. Even with his extraordinary expertise, Dr. Kevin found the girl’s illness very hard to cure. However, with perseverance and hard work that lasted months, he was finally able to get the disease under control. With careful medication and monitoring, the girl was completely cured in the end. Everyone praised the doctor, but the girl was quite worried about how much the hospital bill would ST. GABRIEL’S COLLEGE
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come to. Her family had just a little money kept away in the bank, which was by no means enough to pay for such a long treatment in that reputed hospital. The girl was given the hospital bill finally. With trembling hands, she opened it. She was stunned to see that the bill had been crossed out and cancelled, and there was a note underneath signed by Dr. Kevin. “Bill paid years ago with a glass of milk!” Moral: One good turn begets another.
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Reading aloud has proved its importance as an essential component of our curriculum and education; hence, we need to find ways to promote and enhance it at all levels. Reading aloud is a vital aspect of key competencies and contributes to the personal and social well - being of our students. The importance of reading aloud can’t be underestimated. The more our students practice, the better they become fluent, exquisite readers.
SAINT GABRIEL’S COLLEGE 565 Samsen Rd., Dusit, Bangkok 10300. THAILAND Tel. 0-2243-7002, 0-2243-2153, 0-2243-0065 Fax: 0-2243-2150
http://www.sg.ac.th
