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People are always walking by in the distance, drifting by in the background, unnoticed by the stars and unaffected by the drama. An entire world hovers at the edges of the film. Not a naturalistic world, though its contents are quotidian. It is a world of murmurs and colors, figures as hollow and mythic as the protagonists that drive the narrative. !"#$%&'()*+, )#$)-)$./0&, '/((1, ".+, +2%)(, $/)01, +/&3&4, &2/$"5&,60"5,/'("&&,5/00&4,/#)7/0&,*/'%,6(%%018,92%,&*%%'2,)&,#%)+2%(,(%/0)&+)',:*/#)&24,#"(,+2%, '"76"(+/;0%, <7%()'/#, =#>0)&2?)#&+%/$4, *2(/&%&, /(%, /00, *""(01, +(/#&0/+%$, 6("7, +2%, 6"(7%(, )#+", +2%, 0/++%(4, 6.00, "6, /535/($, (21+27&, /#$, 7)&*0/'%$, %7*2/&)&8 Not a photograph, but a fresco in gaudy colors, peddled to the floods of tourists, entitled "Life in Old California." By extension of this concept, we can look at the film as a series of paintings (part classical, part kitsch). ! "# ,

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Stills are from the following films:

THE MOST DANGEROUS MAN ALIVE (Dwan, 1961) YOUNG PEOPLE (Dwan, 1940) BACK TO THE FUTURE (Zemeckis, 1985) ROBIN HOOD (Dwan, 1922) TIDE OF EMPIRE (Dwan, 1929) CATTLE QUEEN OF MONTANA (Dwan, 1954) MANHATTAN MADNESS (Dwan, 1916) MANHANDLED (Dwan, 1924) SLIGHTLY SCARLET (Dwan, 1956) SUEZ (Dwan, 1938) THE WOMAN THEY ALMOST LYNCHED (Dwan, 1953) MONTANA BELLE (Dwan, 1948/1952) STAGE STRUCK (Dwan, 1925) THE IRON MASK (Dwan, 1929) WAY DOWN EAST (Griffith, 1920) INTOLERANCE (Griffith, 1916) THE GIRL WHO STAYED AT HOME (Griffith, 1919) UP IN MABEL’S ROOM (Dwan, 1944) and the following paintings:

Mary Magdalene (Jusepe de Ribera, 1641) St. Mary of Egypt (Jusepe de Ribera, 1641)

Gina Telaroli, May 2013

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ドワンのフレーミングと火炎放射器 赤坂太輔 アラン・ドワンの遺作The Most Dangerous Man Aliveは、B級SF映画でありボスや仲 間に裏切られて核実験場に迷い込んだ男が被爆して不思議なことに弾丸を跳ね返す 「不死身の」肉体になってしまうという悲劇の物語を語る。この映画ではどんな科 学的歴史的考証もないし、『逮捕命令』や『悪の対決』等でコンビを組んでいた名 手ジョン・アルトンの撮影もなく、また製作者ベネディクト・ボジャースとのコン ビが財政的に行き詰まってやむをえずメキシコで撮影され、まるでブニュエル初期 のB級映画それも一番安っぽい傑作『 博師の娘』や『スサーナ』あたりを見てい る錯覚にとらえられるほどである。同じ冷戦下のアメリカの映画作家が外国で撮っ たSF映画であり、「冷たい血」の子供らを地下に隔離している事実を知られた科学 者アレクサンダー・ノックスが愛人ヴィヴィカ・リンドフォース（ドン・シーゲル 元妻）を射殺する場面でヘリコプター空撮接近の超絶！ショットをものしたジョセ フ・ロージーのThese are the damnedのような余裕はなかったはず。そのかわりにThe Most Dangerous Man Aliveが感動的なのは、サイレント映画以来の固定ショットの厳 格さと同軸上の寄り!ロングの画面つなぎの編集による、外部の消去と突然の出現 による、空間と距離の操作である。例えば冒頭で荒野をさまよう主人公エディの回 想で、彼が敵対するボス・デイモンのオフィスに殴り込み一人を撃ち殺すが、続く カットで座っていたはずがいつの間にか後に立っていた男にチョップをくらい昏倒 する。この予期せぬ動きこそが重要なのだ。 『バファロー平原』で、バーバラ・スタンウィックが敵対するジーン・エヴァンス に牧場の牛を奪われた後、その手下の男の家に自分の牧場の焼き印が押された牛皮 が掛けられているのを見つけて切り取ろうとするとき、その手下が戻ってきて撃ち 合いになる。ドワンはスタンウィックが後で銃を抜こうとも彼女を勝たせることに 躊躇はしない。彼は二つのショットの間でフレームにとらえた人物の生死、空間、 距離、位置関係を自在に操った。それがたとえ当時の検閲やコードの抑圧下にあろ うとも、である。The Most Dangerous Man Aliveにおいて不死身の能力を身につけた エディが突如苦しみ出しその不死身を失ってしまう時，彼自身にとって（そして観 客にとっても）予期しないものであるが、それは『硫黄島の砂』においてジョン・ ウェインと部下たちにやってくる死の瞬間のようなものである。我々は、寄りの ショットで兵士たちが話していて、同軸上のロングショットにつながれた次の瞬間 に突然死んでしまうのを見る。ストライカー軍曹（ウェイン）を貫いた弾丸がどこ から誰によって撃たれたのかは正確にはわからない（その後で部下が地面を射撃し

ているが）。テレビや他のメディアが動くイメージを普及させる前の映画はこれほ

どの力を持っていたのである。ヴィム・ヴェンダースの『ことの次第』（この映画 の中で撮影された映画The SurvivorsはドワンのThe Most Dangerous Man Aliveのリメイ クだというが、そんなシーンはない）の最後で描かれるフリードリヒを貫く弾丸は どこから誰が撃ったのかわからないが、そのときヴェンダースはアントニオーニよ りドワンの方に近かったはずである。弾丸はドワンの歴史的条件が自分に不可能な ことの確信を観客に共有させるべく画面外から飛んで来たに違いない。 弾丸を跳ね返し苦しみつつも復讐を果たしたエディは、結局『ハイ・シェラ』のロ イ・アールよろしく岩山の頂に追いつめられていき、最終的にこの一人に対しまる でゴジラ（この日本の怪獣も放射能のために生まれた）に対するように軍隊の出動 となるのだが、そこでドワンは思い出したかのように自らの『硫黄島の砂』の引 用、というかかつて使用した硫黄島の戦闘のニューズリールを再び挿入する。それ は米兵たちが日本兵を焼いた火炎放射器のイメージである。ただ一人の人間に対し て使用するには見た目大袈裟で古色蒼然とした場違いな恐怖感を与え、一瞬の視覚 的緊張はまったくもたらさないが、それがここでは感動的なのだ。つまり火炎放射 器から放たれた炎が、怪物から普通の男に戻ったこの男を焼いてしまうシーンを見 て、『硫黄島の砂』でほとんど登場しなかった敵の日本人と重ね合わせ、この映画 がイーストウッドの二部作より半世紀も前にすでに敵側から見た硫黄島で焼かれる 男の話を語っているのだといいたいのではない。ただ焼かれ一瞬で灰になった男が フレームから消え去るときのあっけなさが、かえりみられないジョン・ウェインの 遺体と同じように感動的だと言いたいのだ。

***

ALLAN DWAN (A DOSSIER)

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