PULAU BANDING RESEARCH CENTER STRUCTURAL FRAMING

ROOF STRUCTURE

Mild Steel Rafter

Mild Steel C Channel

Steel Roof Beam

Mild Steel I Beam

COLUMN & BEAM

Mild Steel I Beam

Mild Steel Column

Column and Beam is connected by mild steel plate

MILD STEEL STAIRCASE

Mild Steel 'U' Profile Stringer

Mild Steel Baluster

Bolt and Nut connection of thread to stringer

STRIP FOUNDATION

Reinforced Concrete Strip Foundation

Hardcore

Polyethylene Moisture Barrier

Stone Pavement

Strip foundations (or strip footings) are a type of shallow foundation that are used to provide a continuous, level (or sometimes stepped) strip of support for linear structures such as walls or closely-spaced rows of columns that are built on top of the foundation, placed centrally along their length.

Roof Structure Strip Foundation

connected by bolt and nut

Steel beams are a crucial support for the construction of buildings, structures, and any construction project.

Advantages of Steel Beam higher vertical load capacity. reduce deflection of the mid-span

Pitched roof is used in Pulau Banding Research Center. A pitched roof is a roof that slopes downwards, typically in two parts at an angle from a central ridge to support metal deck to support roof structure

Metal Deck is the finishes used for roof covering

Steel Staircase Materiality

Steel staircase is simple design with high durability, practicality, beautiful appearance and small footprint. The steps are made out of patterned steel plates which provide more friction to the surface area. All staircase components need to be sprayed with anticorrosion paint or galvanized to prevent rusting or corrosion occurs.

Brick

A brick is building material used to make walls, pavements and other elements in masonry construction.

Classification Of Bricks: Common Bricks

Most are about eight inches long and four inches thick

Long-lasting.

Generally used for internal brickwork only.

Advantage Disadvantage

Low cost .

Easily for work Weatherproof.

Steel

Lower compressive strengths than other bricks

Less focus put into a consistent appearance.

Steel, alloy of iron and carbon in which the carbon content. By far the most widely used material for building the world’s infrastructure and industries, it is used to fabricate everything from sewing needles to oil tankers [E.F.Wondris, J. N. (n.d.)

Advantage Disadvantage

Lesser Construction Time

High Strength And Light Weight

Nature

Uniformity, Durability And Performance

High Maintenance Costs And More Corrosion

Fireproofing Costs

Susceptibility To Buckling

Timber

Sustainable timber has the lowest embodied energy (energy used in its processing, production and transport, from tree to consumer use) of any mainstream building material

Advantage Disadvantage

versatile materials used within the construction industry great for insulation

At the top staircase, the steel plates are bolted into the floor slab to provide more support to the staircase using bolt and nut.

The balusters of the steel staircase are welded onto the stringer of the staircase withstanding harsh weather conditions

Reinforced Concrete

may shrink or swell as it has the ability to absorb water not be able to withstand the heat and flames

Reinforced concrete in which steel is embedded in such a manner that the two materials act together in resisting forces. The reinforcing steel rods, bars, or mesh absorbs the tensile, shear, and sometimes the compressive stresses in a concrete structure

Advantage Disadvantage

high compressive strength can also withstand a good amount of tensile stress

Fire and weather resistance of reinforced concrete is fair

The main steps of using reinforced concrete are mixing, casting, and curing. All of this affects the final strength higher cost

Foundation To Wall Overall Section

Based on the section drawing, it shown that the buildings have a 7 meters depth with open fenestrations located on both sides. The superstructure of the building is steel frame, and the wall which called "Huruhara" is a combination of lightweight recycled bricks salvaged from existing buildings with shiplap timber cladding. The building design with a deep roof overhang which called "salari roof" with a 2 meter eave. It double-layered sinusoidal profiled metal deck roof with a 300mm ventilated air-gap acting as a natural insulating stratum for the internal space. [ ISSN (2014, July 18) Pulau Banding Rainforest Research Centre / C' arch ]

The foundation used in this building is shallow foundation which is strip foundation as the building is located at the higher part of the topography, where firmer soil can be found. Shallow foundations are usually used where the load by the structure is relatively low to the bearing capacity of the surface soils. Strip foundations are suitable to use on soil that has good bearing capacity for supporting linear loads. (Designing Buildings, n.d.) The depth of foundation is about 800mm to 4meters

The flooring in this building is cement screeding. The wall is made up of recycled brick and it is topped with shiplap timber cladding attached by wooden barrier.