MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
BA 3 STUDIO 3.2 FINAL SUBMISSION
SERVICE STATION JAN - MAY 2021
| YAT KIU JASPER CHENG
CONTENTS
PT.1 REFLECTION - 3.1 Section - 3.1 Plan - Reflection Diagrams/ Solutions - Dimensions Study - Networks - New plan sketch + Dimensions
ITERATION 3
- Digital model view + Concept - New platform view - Iteration 3 floor plan - Vehicle flow direction (Plan) -Disabled access in design - Vehicle Elevator links + Circulation - Iteration 3 sections plans - Perspective view collage
PRECEDENTS
- Precedent for main space 1 + 2 - Archigram Precedent
REFLECTION 2 - Section plan reflection - Service Module concept + Sketches - Precedent: Sainsbury’s Centre
PT.2 FINAL ITERATION - Swatch + Masterplan - North + South Elevation - West + East Elevation - Airship Model - Module combination diagrams
SERVICE MODULE - Floor Plans - 1:50 Section - 1:20 Section Detail + Joint Detail - Structure components + Flow Diagrams
USER MODULE - Floor Plans - 1:50 Section - 1:200 Section + Example Arrangement - 1:50 Section Environmental - 1:50 Floor Plan (service+user combined)
EXAMPLE GA
- GA Plans - Fire Escape Strategy - Axo Cut + Inteior Thumbnails
PROJECT
SERVICE STATION
REFLECTION ON STUDIO 3.1 SOUTH SECTION CUT VIEW
* KEY POINTS OF REFLECTION 1. Back of house is exposed to the users, making private, public and service spaces unclear, which creates a confusing user experience. The delivery route for the kitchen’s food is also in the way of the users, as it has to go across the driveway from the cargo delivery area. 2. The big cantilever covers needs some form of support. The thickness of the roof indicated is too much, and a light impenetrable surface would be sufficient for its function. 3. Interior/ Exterior space unresolved, spaces which are meant to be indoors are unprotected. 1.
4. Size of the underground parking is too large, the number of vehicles it can store needs to respond to the capacity of the user spaces. 4.
5. There are no entrances to the underground parking, perhaps the vehicles elevators could be seen by the users to enhance the architectural experience.
1. BACK OF HOUSE EXPOSED TO USER SECTION CUT
ARRIVALS AREA
KITCHEN ENTRANCE
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2. INTERIOR/ EXTERIOR SPACE UNRESOLVED
3. INTERIOR/ EXTERIOR SPACE UNRESOLVED
The thickness of the roof is 500mm, and extending 16m with no support. A more logical approach should have been taken to design this roof.
Simple glass roof with no support. Does not protect users from the rain, wind or cold while underneath it.
REFLECTION ON STUDIO 3.1 FIRST FLOOR PLAN VIEW
* KEY POINTS OF REFLECTION 1. The arrivals forecourt area is too big, as its only few function are for people to sit down and relax or wait for their cars. 2. Restaurant and dining area is located too
2.
far from the entrance. People will have to walk through a somewhat aimless journey to reach the area. The area should be easy to access as it is one of the main activities.
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3. Delivery route to fast food kitchen gets in the way of the user’s vehicles. There should be an area closer to these kitchens where trucks can park and unload the food supplies. 4. Core area is too narrow, people will have trouble walking across the space. 5. Only 6 cars can come and leave at the same time. The design does not adapt to the change in capacity in different times of the day or season. 6. Interior/ Exterior space unresolved, spaces which are meant to be indoors are unprotected. 1,2. ARRIVALS FORECOURT TOO BIG, DINING AREA IS FAR.
PLAN CUT
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6.
. 4.
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3. FOOD DELIVERY TO KITCHENS
4. INTERIOR/ EXTERIOR SPACE UNRESOLVED
No dedicated area for food delivery. Blocking the driveway and distrupting the circulation around the platform.
Space between escalator and lift is too narrow, a normal person can barely fit through.
USER AND SERVICE SPACES REARRANGING SPACES TO SEPARATE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE
SECTION DIAGRAM SHOWING DELIVERY ROUTES
PLAN DIAGRAM OF VEHICLE ROUTES
SKETCH MODEL DELIVERY SPACE
IDEA - Vehicle elevators as a visual feature in a building.
GLASS CAR SILO WOLFSBURG, GERMANY
Vehicle elevators can become an interesting architectural feature in service stations. When cars are visible to the users, displayed side by side, rotated and dispensed automatically, it becomes a great visual experience.
DIMENSIONS STUDY VISIBLE VEHICLE PARKING ELEVATOR
ROTATION DIRECTIONS. INSERT AND DISPENSE
2.69m
1.84m
5.68m
CAR MODEL + ELEVATOR SOURCE: 3D WAREHOUSE MODELS ADAPTED TO FIT OWN DESIGN
1.84m
5.68m
PLANS SKETCH + DIMENSIONS INITIAL IDEAS AND ARRANGEMENTS OF SPACE
INITIAL CONCEPT DIAGRAM/ SKETCH
ITERATION 2 PLAN SKETCH Each structural frame is 12m apart, allowing it to be repeated and expand to respond to capacity. Spaces inside are then divided to fit the core areas to comply to fire regulations etc.
ITERATION 2 SECTION SKETCH Vertical Columns arranged in 6 meter intervals to simplify the spaces.
Top down view of the vehicle platforms and canopy from the test model.
PROCESS ITERATION 3 PLANS + SECTIONS + DEVELOPMENT
Visualising 2D sketches into physical space with a 3D model. Testing the functionality of the concept sketches.
SERVICES + SOLAR PANELS CENTRAL MAIN SPACE
DELIVERIES PARKING SPACES ACTIVITY SPACES
A SINGLE BAY Example of a single bay that can be repeated to increase the capacity of the building. A single module includes all the primary functions of the service station indicated earlier in Studio 3.1.
MODULARITY AND EXPANDABILITY
VEHICLE ENTRANCES AND EXITS
3B 3A
2B
2A 1B
1A
VISITORS PLATFORM BACK OF HOUSE/ KITCHEN NOW HIDDEN
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1. Arrivals platform
2. Departures platform
3. Vehicle storage
4. Elevators
5. Open Multifunctional space ( Restaurants, Cafe etc ) 6. Modular activities section core 7. Activities Module
8. Open Fields for BBQ etc
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1/F PLAN ( 4 MODULES COMBINED )
ARRIVALS + DEPARTURES SPACE CLOSE UP PLAN
OUT
IN
OUT
IN
PLATFORM A
Service Ri
2.84m
iser
PLATFORM B
OUT
DISABLED ACCESS IN DESIGN SECTION PLAN VIEW
FLAT LEVEL FOR EASY WHEELCHAIR ACCESS
3D AXONOMETRIC CUT + DIAGRAMS
NA SECTIO
NB
SECTIO
SECTION VIEW FROM THE SIDE OF THE INITIAL TEST MODEL. THE CURRENT DESIGN IS MADE OF A LIGHT FRAME STRUCTURE CLADDED WITH GLAZINGS AND STRUCTURE IS EXPANDABLE.
CIRCULATION OF USERS AND VEHICLES
ANNOTATION / DESCRIPTION TOP: SECTION A - Arrows indicating the user’s journey coming in and out of the building. The vehicle elevators are most visible when people exit and will be able to see their car rotating in the elevator and get dispensed. BOT: SECTION B - Vehicle elevator is paired with the vehicle repair workshop. Cars which are faulty will be rotated to the bottom level and dispensed directly into the workshop, saving space for other functions in the plan.
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10. 5. 1. Modules (Activities, Medical, Offices etc)
2. Balcony Walk
3. Modular activities s
5. Truck deliveries & supplies
6. Arrivals + Departures core
7. Locker Hire
9. Arrivals + Departure platforms
10. Fast food restaurants + Repair workshops + Toilets
11. Drone flying void
WEST SECTION
11.
section core
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4. Open multifunctional space ( Restaurants, bars, leisure etc) 8. Arrivals + Departure area 12. Fast lane + Charging road
EAST SECTION
By animating a section perspective view from the model with objects, it helped bring the concept that was on paper alive and creates a clearer vision of the interior design and flow of programmes. Features such as the airship and the floating net installation could end up in the final design to add fun to the concept.
PERSPECTIVE SECTION COLLAGE
PRECEDENT STUDY FOR MAIN ACTIVITY SPACE
image source: https://www.archdaily.com/783223/ovolo-woolloomooloo-hassell/56da23d2e58eced4f600002c-ovolo-woolloomooloo-hassell-photo
The bars and coffee shops are placed in the middle, allowing two isles on the side for people to walk through to ensure smooth and easy circulation. The vibrant colours, trees and lighting decorations help bring the space alive.
OVOLO HOTEL SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA
SPACE ARRANGEMENT ANALYSIS SKETCH
PRECEDENT STUDY FOR MAIN ACTIVITY SPACE
image source: https://afasiaarchzine.com/2018/05/oma-198/oma-kanalchengdu-brussels-2/
A photocollage produced by the architects of the Kanal Museum/ Gallery. Space features staircases that pop out and art installations with vibrant colours. Being able to see various activities people carry out help bring the big open space alive.
KANAL MUSEUM/ GALLERY BRUSSLES, BELGIUM
SPATIAL QUALITIES ANALYSIS SKETCH
PRECEDENT STUDY: GRAPHICS AND CONCEPT
image source: Dezeen
Archigram was an architectural group formed in the 1961 which focuses on drawing inspiration from new technologies to create a new reality in hypothetical projects. The technique of collaging over architectural drawings is a great way to help convey the idea of my project, as it is set in a hypothetical future.
ARCHIGRAM COLLAGES FOUNDER: PETER COOK IN 1961
The projects of Archigram poses some very fundamental questions about the nature of architecture. Such as the mobility of architecture, responding to new technolgies and cultures in the constantly changing world. The collages often present techniques such as exaggerating scale of certain objects, mixed with technical structures to connect abstract elements back to the real world, making it a strong and believable concept.
PROJECTS OF ARCHIGRAM 1
2
3
4
Instant City Walking City
Plug-in City Seaside Bubbles
REFLECTION ON ITERATION 2 SECTION CUT VIEW
* KEY POINTS OF REFLECTION 1. The structure that will be holding the modules in place onto the frame is absent. A crane or a sturdy frame needs to be introduced to this part of the building to visualise the modularity of the space. 3.
2. A service riser is needed for the activity modules, as these temporary rooms would need water, electricity and ventilation. A fire escape is also needed on this side of the building to
1 + 2.
comply with the fire regulations. 3. To stick with the ‘high-tech’ aesthetic present in the archigram concepts, the service machines are located on the roof so it is exposed. However the ducts and pipes are not connected to the other side of the building, therefore a service void is needed to reach across. 4. Kerbside/ Platform is too small, as only 2 cars can use it at the same time. Platforms need to be wider to allow more space so the platforms dont get congested at busy hours. 5. Heavy extraction and ventilation systems need to reach the kitchens below as there would be frying equipments etc.
1,2. STRUCTURE+ SERVICE RISER NEEDED SECTION CUT
No structure is supporting these floating modules. A frame and service riser is needed to enable the space inside.
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3. SERVICE VOID PROPOSAL?
4. KERBSIDE/ PLATFORM EXPANSION
CONCEPT OF SERVICE MODULE INITIAL SKETCHES OF THE IDEA
USER MODULE SERVICE MODULE
PLAN SKETCH The service module is designed to fit in between the user modules, acting as a support but not destory the rhythm of the space within. Hence the width is 12m, half of the user module’s width.
SECTION SKETCH The service pipes will rise from both sides of the building and reaches the roof where all the mechanical systems meet. The trusses are also exposed, keeping the structure’s rhythm consistent when seen from the inside.
PRECEDENT STUDY ( SERVICES )
image source: https://afasiaarchzine.com/2018/05/oma-198/oma-kanalchengdu-brussels-2/
Services are tucked away in a layer that is separated by metal decking with grooves to allow some natural light to penetrate through. This way the services are semi exposed to the naked eye, and the keeps continuity of the roof pattern.
SAINSBURY CENTRE NORWICH, ENGLAND
Stylised axonometric graphic of the Helicopter Pad / Airship and service towers.
FINAL ITERATION 3.2 PLANS + SECTIONS + VISUALS
Modules, general/ example arrangements, sections, services and structure, interior visualisation, concept diagrams and activities showcase.
AXONOMETRIC VIEW + SWATCH (SW VIEW)
CK TR U
IN
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SLI PR
OA
S)
D(
CA RS )
BUILDING MASTERPLAN 1:1000
MO TO RW AY
M5 8M
OT OR WA Y
SLI PR
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<<
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RE JO
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The service station sits adjacent of the M58 motorway, however this is just an example of where the design can fit onto. The structural frame is consisted of small parts and envelopes cladded onto it, therefore can sit along on any motorway when there is a slip road connected to it, meaning the design concept is not specific to any site.
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MOTORWAY
SERVICE STATION
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KEY ELEVATIONS
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Top: North Elevation
Bottom: South Elevation
1. Airship/ Viewing Tower
2. Helicopter Pad
3. Flood Lights
4. 1/F Outdoor Area
5. Entrance Ramp
6. Exit Ramp
7. Service Elevators
8. Bridge Cranes
9. Outdoor Stairs Access to Fields
10. Fire Escape Stairs
11. Activity Modules
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Next page: West + East Elevations
KEY ELEVATIONS
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1. Airship/ View Tower 2. Service Elevators 3. Service Riser
4. Maintenance Roof
5. Overhaning Canopy 6. Arrivals + Departure 7. Fast lane + Charge 8. Helicopter Pad 9. Truck Delivery zone
Top: East elevation Bottom: West Elevation
INFLATABLE AIRSHIP HELICOPTER PAD
FRONT VIEW
SIDE VIEW
AERIAL TOUR AND TRAVEL ARCHIGRAM INSPIRED AIRSHIP AND HELICOPTER PAD
AXONOMETRIC VIEW + MODULES COMBINATION
USER MODULE
SERVICE MODULE
CLOSURE MODULE
COMBINE IN ALTERNATING FASHION
THE SERVICE MODULE AXONOMETRIC CUT + TRANSPARENT VIEW
Module includes vehicle platforms, ventilation and extraction, water tanks, electric wire ducts, fire escapes, toilets, maintenance etc. that will connect to and provide the user modules the services.
THE SERVICE MODULE
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1/F PLAN
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G/F PLAN
ROOF PLAN
1. Fast Lane + Food Pickup
1. Drone Flight Space
1. Service Riser
2. Vehicle Drive Lane
2. Unisex Toilet
2. Extraction opening
3. Kerbside Zone
3. Walkway
3. Ventilation System
4. Service Riser
4. Cargo Unloading Zone (N)
4. Water Pipes
5. Multifunctional Space
5. Large Vehicles Driveway
5. Water Tanks
6. Unisex Toilets
6. Cargo Unloading Zone (S)
6. Ventilation Openings
7. Service Riser + Fire Esc
7. Service Riser + Fire Esc
7. Water Pressure controls
8. Goods Elevator
8. Goods Elevator
8. Flood Lights
TYPICAL CORNER SECTION PLAN 1:50
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1. Service Void (Lights) 2. Water Tank 3. Activity Space
4. Service R iser
5. Upperfloor Walkway 6. Unisex Toilets 7. Staircase Access 9. Goods Elevator
8. Cargo Dropoff
1/F G/F
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1:20 SECTION DETAIL LAYERS AND STRUCTURE OF A TYPCICAL CORNER
BEAM AND COLUMN JUNCTION
1. ROOF DECK (A): Concrete Tiles VCL Insulation Panel DPM Reinfoced Concrete Corrugated Steel Warren Truss
10mm 0.25mm 120mm 0.30mm 300mm 100mm 1125mm
RHS column
I-beam
RHS beam
2. ROOF DECK (B): Concrete Tiles VCL Insulation Panel DPM Corrugated Steel I-beam
10mm 0.25mm 120mm 0.30mm 100mm 400mm
3. GLAZING Toughened Glass 4mm Argon Filling 16mm Float Glass 6mm
Combined X-Ray View
4. MAINTANENCE LADDER 5. ADJUSTABLE AIR VENT 6. SERVICES AREA
3.
ROOF COVERING Concrete roof cover + Steel Railings
CLADDING SYSTEM glazing walls + sliding doors
SERVICES Lighting + Ventilation + Electrical + Sprinklers
ADJUSTABLE VENT Adjustable vent for cross ventilation control when needed
STRUCTURAL FRAME Custom profile steel columns, RHS and Cellular Beams
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM STEEL FRAME + CURTAIN WALL + CONCRETE ROOF
DELIVERIES FLOW DIAGRAM GOODS ELEVATOR
SHOPS
KITCHENS
DELIVERIES FAST FOOD REPAIR TOOLS + COMPONENTS
STRUCTURAL LOAD PATHS
SERVICE AREAS AND DIRECTION
Services Area
Service Risers
User Interior Space
THE USER MODULE AXONOMETRIC SECTION CUT VIEW
Module includes a parking elevator section, vehicle platforms, foyer, adaptable space for restaurants, shops, physical activities, decompression zones, elevators, balconies, arcades, showers and etc.
THE USER MODULE
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1/F PLAN
G/F PLAN
1. Fast Lane + Food Pickup
1. Drone Fight Space
2. Drone Flight Space
2. Vehicle Repair Workshop
3. Pick Up + Drop Off Zone
3. Fast Food Kitchen
4. Vehicle Storage Elevators
4. Elevator + Staircase
5. Entry and Exit Points
5. Cargo Dropoff (N)
6. Multifunctional Space
6. Vehicle Driveway
7. Elevator for Modular Space
7. Cargo Dropoff (S)
8. Activity Modules
8. Offices Module
TYPICAL DRIVEWAY SECTION
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1. Fast Lane + Food
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2. Drone Flight Space
3. Drone Service Void 4. Food Pickup Zone 5. Fast Food Kitchen
6. Extraction Pipes
7. Driveway
8. Kerbside Zone
9. Canopy Cover 1/F G/F
USER MODULE SECTION
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1. Fast Lane + Food
2. Drone Flight Space
3. Car Driveway
4. Vehicle Elevators
5. Vehicle Repair WS
6. Entry Zone Stairs
7. Adaptable Space
8. Activity Module Access
9. Activity Modules
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NATURAL LIGHT Big skylight allows natural light to penetrate into the main space of the building, saving energy and heating costs.
c.c
VENTILATION
MEZZANINE (4m) Activity Modules Offices Lofts/ Lounges Bars Kitchens
1/F MAIN (4m) Dining Area Toilets Indoor Gardens Decompression Activities
G/ FLOOR (5m) Deliveries Fast Food Repair Workshop Toilets
1:50 SECTION CUT SERVICE + USER MODULE COMBINED ( C.C )
EXHAUST GAS
6m DISTANCE BETWEEN EACH STRUCTURAL FRAME
ADJUSTABLE VENT Enables cross ventilation cools interior during hot seasons.
FIRE DOOR
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Electric Ducts
Artificial Lighting
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Firebreak
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Ventilation
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1:50 FLOOR PLAN SERVICE + USER MODULE COMBINED EXAMPLE ARRANGEMENT
1. Vehicle Elevator
2. Platforms/ Kerbside
3. Elevator and Stairs 4. Lounge Area 1 5. Decompression
6. Unisex Toilets
7. Activity Modules
8. Outdoor Balcony/ Patio
9. Fire Escape Stairs
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DECOMPRESSION SPACE INTERIOR COLLAGE AND RENDER
FIRST FLOOR GA 1. Platforms ( Arrivals + Departure) 2. Arrivals Forecourt 3. Outdoor Deck + Stairs leading to fields 4. Working area with chargers for devices 5. Garden dividing dining and workspace 6. Dining area + coffee shop 7. Dining area 2 + Kitchens 8. Indoor Garden/ Decompression zone 9. Unisex Toilets 10. Food Court Kitchens 11. Main Kitchen 12. Activity Modules + Shops 13. Service Elevators + Fire Escape Stairwell 14. Fields for Barbeque + camping etc
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13. USER MODULE
SERVICE
MEZZANINE GA 1. Core Area + Locker Hiring 2. Decompression Loft 3. Mezzanine Walkway 4. Bar/ Lounge Area 5. Bridge access to the other side 6. Security Office 7. Medical Office / First Aid 8. Essential Shops 9. Acticity Modules + Shops 10. Service Elevators + Fire Escape Stairwell
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9. 10. BUILDING REGULATIONS AND FIRE SAFETY ON THE NEXT PAGE
SERVICE
10. USER MODULE
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SCALE
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SCALE
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FIRE ESCAPE STRATEGY
4m
18m
1/F ESCAPE PLAN A: EXAMPLE ESCAPE ROUTE IS < 45m ( MORE THAN ONE DIRECTION ) BUILDING PURPOSE GROUP 4/5
15m
6m 3m
B: EXAMPLE ESCAPE ROUTE IS < 45m ( MORE THAN ONE DIRECTION ) BUILDING PURPOSE GROUP 4/5
MEZZANINE ESCAPE PLAN
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SCALE
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SCALE
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MEZZANINE FLOOR AXONOMETRIC SECTION CUT VIEW ( A.A )
1. Decompression lounge/ Loft ( Upper floor ) 2. Floating net installation 3. Walkway across the main space 4. Activitiy Modules/ Shops (Adaptable) 5. Upper floor bar/ lounge 6. Upperfloor space for shops 7. Open space for other uses (Adaptable)
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MEZZANINE FLOOR PLAN VIEW ( A.A )
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1/F MAIN FLOOR
1. Garden/ Relaxation area
5. Main Kitchen + Dining area
AXONOMETRIC SECTION CUT VIEW ( B.B )
2. Entry/ Exit area
6. Smaller Kitchens
3. Activity Modules + Shops
7. Dining area
4. Unisex Toilets
8. Workspace/ Activities
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B.B
MAIN FLOOR PLAN VIEW ( B.B )
ACTIVITIES AND MODULES AXONOMETRIC VIEW COLLAGE
EXAMPLE ACTIVITIES AND SERVICES (EG: UK VERSION) Shower rooms, Sports Arcade, Trampoline Parks, Jazz lounge, Live Music Lounge, Offices. Boots, WH Smith, Wilkos, Maplin, Staples, Argos, O2, EE, 3, Vodaphone ETC
FINAL ITERATION DIGITAL MODEL STYLISED AXONOMETRIC
VIEW FROM THE HIGHWAY PERSPECTIVE VIEW COLLAGE
THE CONCEPT COLLAGE PERSPECTIVE VIEW + PHOTOSHOP
BACK COVER
M58 SERVICE STATION
MADE AND DESIGNED BY - YAT KIU JASPER CHENG
MMU ID - 18059947
AXONOMETRIC ABSTRACT MODEL
END OF PORTFOLIO
JAN - MAY 2021
STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS