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19-PAGE DOSSIER
YOUR BRILLIANT
BRAIN SONG: AmyJo Doh
Charlize Theron
Katherine of Aragon
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GENERAL CONTENTS
YES Volume 5
This page should help you to navigate the magazine in general. Notice that on pp. 6, 21, 64, 87 and 111 there are more detailed contents pages for each section of the magazine.
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How to Use Your English Supplement
6 7 10 14 16
Current Affairs Contents News and anecdotes Science News Internet Addiction Politics: is your ideology a product of your brain? Economics: marriage markets and the economics of crime
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21 22 26
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45 46 50 54 58 62
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54 To download the audio files for this issue, please go to the 'Downloads' page on www.yes-mag.com for instructions. You will need the code given above to access the files.
Culture Contents Travel: in search of Katherine of Aragon The Brain Dossier: including the man with no memories; the triumph of the left hemisphere, the walking dead, is intelligence better than stupidity? Is God in your head? Voices in your head, are you really conscious? Is it a crime to be mentally ill? How to look after your brain. Music: AmyJo Doh’s Shake It! Sports: Bobby Fischer Literature: the Lamentable Love Life of W.B. Yeats Poetry: Blake’s The Tyger Cinema: Charlize Theron Explorers: Amelia’s big mistake
64 Grammar Contents 65 The phrasal verbs of thought 66 Translation: signs from Jaen 68 Word Building: mind- and -mind words 70 English in Context: psychobabble 72 Grammar Focus: Do you ‘mind’? 74 Argentinian false friends 78 ‘mind’ idioms 82 Etymology: the names of brain parts 84 Phonetics: ash /æ/ 85 86
Subscription Information Picture Description
87 88
Audio Scripts Contents Audio Scripts
111 Exercises Contents 112 Exercises 134 135
Staff and contact addresses In next month’s issue
www.yes-mag.com // facebook.com/YesZine // @yeszine YES 5 | 3
of the Dead
The Tube can also be macabre...
How to Use Your English Supplement
Death on the Tracks
Metro systems the world over1 attract the suicidal. Underground workers use the euphemism ‘a one-under’ to refer to someone who has thrown himself or herself under a Tube train. 2 King’s Cross and Victoria stations attract the most suicides.
There was in North L ging4 unde – hundred Black Deat
SYMBOLS
Each page-long article in the magazine has been created to be used more or less independently so that you can learn and practise even if you only have five or ten minutes free. At the same time, the symbols below allow you to develop a theme you are interested in more extensively. Teachers can use these symbols to instantly prepare a class or classes around a common theme.
Spectral
Photo by Tzortzis
Exercise (at the end of the magazine). Test and consolidate what you have learned.
The Grea
Speaking extension. A question aimed at provoking a group discussion of the topic in question.
Meanwhil ghosts. Th at Farringd pieces by h Sarah Whi Philip, was searching said to vis death11 in a noisy –bu
Follow
the world the world in New Yo macabre; ‘track pizz 3 to be mea posed to b 4 to dig (dig 5 to run into – encounter 6 plague pi 1
2
Downloadable audio file (see also audio scripts). There are recommendations on how best to use the audio files on p. 87.
This arrow directs you to other related articles in the magazine.
Photo by Sunil060902
69-70
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ABBREVIATIONS KEY Listening extension (Internet). Once you’ve learned the basic vocabulary of a topic, why not listen to further discussions? 4 | YES 5
These are the only abbreviations you have to know to use this magazine: sb. = somebody sth. = something swh. = somewhere [U] = uncountable noun [C] = countable noun
Metro systems the world over attract the suicidal. Underground workers use the euphemism ‘a one-under’ to refer to someone who has thrown himself or herself under a Tube train. 2 King’s Cross and Victoria stations attract the most suicides.
FOOTNOTES
Photo by Fish Gravy
The Great Pestilence There was meant to be3 a Tube station at Muswell Hill in North London. Unfortunately, when they started digging4 underground they ran into5 a massive plague pit6 – hundreds of skeletons of people who had died of the Black Death.
The superscript numbers in the text refer to the footnotes at the bottom or at the side of the same page. The footnotes explain the difficult vocabulary as determined by our non-native proofreaders. Like you, these proofSpectral Stations readers are learners so they are able Meanwhile7, four stations are all said to be haunted8 by to identify the exact words you need ghosts. The ‘Screaming Spectre’ of Anne Naylor appears to know to understand the sentence. at Farringdon Station. She was murdered and cut into Definitions are given in English, so that pieces by her mistress9 in 1758. Bank Station is home to you learn to think in English and these Sarah Whitehead’s ghost. She was a nun10 whose brother, definitions are then checked by the Philip, was executed in 1811. Her phantom is supposedly Photo by Tzortzis non-native proofreaders to ensure that searching for him. The spirit of actor William Terriss is you will understand them. Some words said to visit Convent Garden Tube. He was stabbed to are defined by pictures: we use these death11 in 1897. Finally, Elephant & Castle is said to have visual stimuli when that is the best way a noisy –but invisible– ghost. to fix an idea in your memory. Read the definition or look at the illustration Follow-on: www.underground-history.co.uk and then re-read the sentence in question. By working with English-language 1 the world over – all around for victims of the Bubonic footnotes you will rapidly increase the world Plague 2 7 your vocabulary and learn how English in New York they are more meanwhile – at the same time 8 words relate to each other, all of to haunt – (of ghosts) frequent macabre; the term there is 9 mistress – (in this case) ‘track pizza’! which will have a dramatic impact on 3 to be meant to be – be supfemale boss, lady in whose 1 your fluency and self-confidence . posed to be house one works as a servant Some readers find it useful to put 4 10 to dig (dig-dug-dug) – excavate nun – religious woman who 5 their finger next to the word in the to run into (run-ran-run) typically lives in a convent 11 to stab sb. to death – kill sb. – encounter article that they are looking for in the 6 plague pit – common grave with a dagger/knife footnotes to make it easier to return Photo by Sunil060902 to the text afterwards. Either way, it YES 1 | 37 be6 difficult to find your place 69-70 shouldn’t 23 because the footnotes are numbered and the words are highlighted in bold. Notice that the syllables and words that should be stressed2 are underlined. Red footnotes give extra cultural (rather than linguistic) information, 1 self-confidence – self-assurance (opposite of ‘self-doubt’, ‘hesitancy’) 2 or they refer you to other articles. to stress sth. – emphasize, underline
PHONEMIC SYMBOLS Here are the phonemic symbols that we use which might cause you problems.
Consonants
/ʧ/ as in church, watch /ʃ/ as in wash, sure, action /ʤ/ as in judge, gesture /ʒ/ as in measure, vision /j/ as in yes /θ/ as in thick, path /ð/ as in this, breathe /ŋ/ as in sing
Pure Vowels
/æ/ as in cat /ʌ/ as in cut /ə/ as in occur, supply, aroma /ɜ:/ as in first, turn, earn /ɔ:/ as in court, warn
Dipthongs
/iə/ as in ear, here /eə/ as in air, there
YES 5 | 5
CURRENT AFFAIRS
This section of the magazine offers short news stories organized thematically:
SPEAKING & LISTENING EXTENSION 7
10 Watch: a TED talk about movement and our brains. http://goo.gl/B8bBUp 12
7-8 9 10 11 12 13
News -news stories from around the world. Anecdotes - light-hearted stories from around the world. Science News: Archaeology & Anthropology - keep up with the past! Science News: Health - the results of the latest medical research Science News: Mental Health - keep up with the past! Science News: Animals and Us - are we really the supreme species? EXERCISE 3
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Internet News - how to protect children on the internet Internet News - are you an internet addict? EXERCISE 12
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Politics: the Brain & the Ballot Box - does your brain make you conservative or progressive? EXERCISE 7
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Economics: the Supply & Demand of Love - the economics of the marriage market Economics: the Internet & Dating - how has the internet affected the Western World’s love life? Economics & Crime - rationality and delinquency EXERCISE 27
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Speak: was the cashier right to refuse to serve Jo Clarke until she got off the phone?
Watch: the rubber-hand illusion – play tricks on your own brain! http://goo.gl/2ou7Il
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Speak: do you agree with the archetypes of left and right?
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Speak: the argument suggests a continuum from double-parking to murder. Do you agree or are your misdemeanours fundamentally different from ‘crimes’?
Science | HEALTH
DON’T WORRY ABOUT STRESS
Stress is a killer, there is no doubt about it. However, a British Government study involving thousands of civil servants has found that worrying about stress increases the risk of having a heart attack by 50% irrespective of the real level of stress experienced by the individual in question.
HOW SOON IS NOW?
Light and sound travel at different speeds1 and are interpreted at different speeds in different parts of the brain. One of the cleverest tricks2 our brains play is to integrate sights3 and sounds so that we experience them simultaneously in an illusionary now. This has been illustrated by a case study from the City University in London. After surgery4 a 67-year-old man identified as ‘PH’ found that he was hearing what people said slightly5 before he saw their mouths move (a bit like a badly recorded film in which the sound and image aren’t in synch6). He then realized7 that he could hear his own voice a moment before he felt his jaw8 move.
Photo by Marina Carresi
FRANKENSTEIN LIVES!
The condemned man is dragged into9 the surgical10 execution room. There are two guillotines, which fall simultaneously. Moments after the gory11 execution the surgeons12 have retrieved13 the prisoner’s body and start to connect it to the severed14 head of the sick millionaire who died next to the criminal… It sounds like the plot of a B movie. However, according to researchers at the Turin Advanced Neuromodulation Group this dystopian15 vision is now technically possible, even though few would find it morally acceptable. Prof. Anthony Warrens of the British Transplantation Society commented, “The whole concept is bizarre”. speed – velocity trick – ruse, stratagem 3 sight – sth. seen, visual image 4 surgery – a medical operation 5 slightly – (in this case) a moment 6 in synch – synchronized 7 to realize – (false friend) become conscious 8 jaw – mandible 9 to drag sb. into – force sb. to enter 1
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surgical – operating, for medical operations 11 gory – bloody 12 surgeon – 13 to retrieve – get, collect 14 severed – cut off, amputated 15 dystopian – nightmarish, infernal 10
YES 5 | 11
CULTURE
SPEAKING & LISTENING EXTENSION
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Speak: If you were to go on a quest in search of a historical figure, who would you choose? Why? Find out where you would have to go and plan the trip. Report back.
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Watch: Here’s an excellent 50-minute BBC documentary on memory: http://goo.gl/DJFb3m
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Speak: Do you agree with Iain McGilchrist’s dystopic view of our world?
This section of the magazine offers...
22-25
Travel: Looking for Katherine – a personal search for England’s most famous Spanish queen EXERCISE 23
THE BRAIN DOSSIER 26 27 28-31 32-33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46-49 50 54-57 58-61 62-63
The Brain: introduction Memories – the man with no memories A History of the Brain The Living Dead and the Walking Dead Intelligence Stupidity – the advantages of not being top of the class Jill Bolte Taylor’s Stroke of Insight – the thrill of thrombosis Religion and Neuroscience – is God in your head? The Solipsistic World – the default network The Voices in Your Head – most of your conversations are with yourself Consciousness – who’s in charge in your head? The Wizard of Us – the ‘You’ illusion The Analogue Brain – how you think Law: Blame My Brain – is madness an excuse? Health: Brain food – how to stave off dementia EXERCISES 6, 22 & 33 Song: AmyJo Doh’s Shake It! Sports: Bobby Fischer – chess’s paranoid genius EXERCISE 5 Literature: Ireland’s greatest poet was unlucky in love EXERCISE 8 Poetry: Blake’s The Tyger – the hidden messages in Britain’s best-known poem EXERCISE 32 Cinema: Charlize Theron – out of Africa EXERCISE 18 Explorers: Amelia Murray’s Mistake EXERCISE 21
Watch: here’s a cartoon presentation of McGilchrist’s ideas: http://goo.gl/RLUOOQ Listen: Dr Geoff Bunn charts the history of our conceptions of the brain in this 15-minute BBC radio programme. http://goo.gl/6HLxej 36 37 39
Watch: Jill Bolte Taylor explains her experience at TED: http://goo.gl/enGL0l Watch: the sound quality is not good but the idea is mind-blowing: http://goo.gl/xuigRC Watch: an awe-inspiring TED talk about the voices in your head: http://goo.gl/TEusI6
Watch: analogy and the importance of paperclips: http://goo.gl/cstkjP
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Listen to the poem at: http://goo.gl/lfz0bC
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History
Where Your Brain Comes From The First Brains Brains developed because of locomotion. Plants don’t have brains; they don’t need them because they stay in one place. Indeed1, sea squirts (Ascidiacea), which have complex life cycles, have a brain while they move around and then absorb their brain once they become rooted2 to a spot3. The precursor of the human hindbrain4 (pons, cerebellum and medulla oblongata) emerged in the earliest vertebrates hundreds of millions of years ago. In fact, a trout 5’s brain is made up of6 the same three major regions as the human brain, and many of its parts have similar functions to their human equivalents. All the parts of the human brain are present in the brains of other primates.
Sea squirt
Photo by Peter Southwood
The Mammalian Brain The expansion of the mammalian brain seems to have begun with an expansion of the tactile and olfactory areas of the brain – key to nocturnal life while the dinosaurs ruled7 the daytime. After the dinosaurs, the visual parts of the neocortex8 of our proto-primate ancestors developed9 as they took to10 the trees, and eyesight11 became more important. However, the enormous expansion in the neocortex of apes12 was probably due to13 the requirements of group living. The greater the brain’s capacity to process incoming14 information, the easier it is for abstract thought to develop9.
The Brain Takes Over15
Photo by כ.( ןולאMatanya)
Home erectus indeed – (emphatic) in fact to be rooted – be fixed 3 to a spot – in one place 4 hindbrain /ˈhaindbrein/ – rhombencephalon, the part of the brain directly connected to the spinal cord 5 trout – a freshwater fish (e.g. Salmo trutta) 1
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to be made up of – be composed of, consist of 7 to rule – control, dominate 8 neocortex – outer part of the cerebral cortex of mammals 9 to develop – get bigger, evolve 10 to take to (take-took-taken) – start to live in 11 eyesight – (in this case) the 6
Some 2.5 million years ago hominids began to appear with weaker jaw16 muscles. This should have been a disadvantage but it allowed17 the skull18 and therefore19 the brain to get much bigger than those of other primates. This began a virtuous circle; a big brain required more nutritious food, so the brain focused on feeding20 itself. Tools21 were developed, fire began to be used. As a result of cooking, human intestines became smaller, allowing17 more resources22 to be directed to the brain. The body becomes the servant of the expanding brain. ability to see well ape – primate 13 due to – because of, caused by 14 incoming – that is entering (the brain) 15 to take over (take-took-taken) – take control 16 jaw (adj.) – mandibular 17 to allow – permit, enable 12
skull – cranium therefore – so, for this reason 20 to feed (feed-fed-fed) – provide food for 21 tool – implement, utensil 22 resources – (in this case) nutrition
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p. 21
Cinema
Charlize Theron Out of Africa
The Precocious Performer As a child, Charlize was spontaneous and confident11 but also wilful12. She was a tomboy, who liked to play and compete with boys. She enjoyed being outdoors where she could swim or ride horses. She had started taking ballet lessons at six and by the age of seven she was entertaining her school friends with song and dance routines13. During her seven years at railway (UK English) – railroad (US English), relating to the train system 2 widowed – whose husband has died 3 to look after – care for, take care of 4 one’s siblings – one’s brothers and sisters 1
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to turn – (in this case) become just – (in this case) only 7 the name ‘Charlize’ is a portmanteau of her father’s and her grandmother’s names (Charles and Elizabeth) 8 plot – area of land 9 to rent out – offer for hire 10 shaky – unstable, difficult 5
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Photo by Gage Skidmore
Gerda Maritz was 15 when her father, a railway1 worker, died in an accident in 1968. She lived with her sister, two brothers and her widowed2 mother, in a station house in Otjiwarongo, Namibia. She was good in sports – especially gymnastics – but her family was poor and there were few opportunities for her. At 17 she fell in love with Charles Theron /tron/, who had also lost his father and was looking after3 his widowed2 mother and his five siblings4. Gerda left her family and married Charles on 29 January 1971; he was 23 and she had turned5 18 just6 two days before. After several years of nomadic life as Charles worked for a road-construction company, they returned to South Africa when Gerda became pregnant with her first child. Charlize 7 was born on 7th August 1975. In 1980 Charles bought a 2,237-hectare plot8 and began a business renting out9 construction machinery. Despite a shaky10 start, the business began to turn a profit after a couple of years.
primary school she received numerous trophies, medals and other awards14 for a variety of performing arts including ballet and flamenco, singing and acting. About her childhood she says: “I had a very active imagination as a child and loved putting on15 makeup16, costumes17 and playing characters18, or telling a story”. She told her school friends that she had been a princess in a previous life. On Fridays her mother took her to the drive-in19 to watch the new releases20 from Hollywood. The first film that made a lasting21 impression on her was Splash (1984) starring Tom Hanks. Coincidentally, Tom Hanks chose her at the beginning of her career for a small role in his first directorial work, That Thing You Do! (1996). confident – self-assured, having belief in oneself 12 wilful – obstinate, rebellious 13 routine [C] – act, performance, number 14 award – prize 15 to put sth. on (put-put-put) – apply 16 makeup – cosmetics 11
costumes – theatrical clothing character – role, theatrical part 19 drive-in (movie theater) – open-air cinema which one watches sitting in one’s car 20 release – (in this case) film, movie 21 lasting – enduring, permanent 17
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GRAMMAR
SPEAKING EXTENSION 70
This section of the magazine offers...
Speak: is there a mental-illness epidemic or just a lot more people talking about ‘disorders’?
Reading and Visualizing: here’s a very helpful page from Indiana University for those who need to be able to label a brain: http://goo.gl/0T9zLw 82
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Phrasal Verbs: cotton on – the phrasal verbs of thought EXERCISE 24
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Translation: can you find the mistakes in these signs? EXERCISE 26
Track 1
Conversation point: when animal rights conflict with human interests, should people always come first?
Word Building: compound words formed from mind- and -mind EXERCISE 29
Track 2
Conversation point: do you think that signing internet petitions is an effective form of political participation?
Track 3
Conversation point: are people cleverer than in the past or more stupid?
English in Context: all the terms you need to speak psychobabble EXERCISE 28
Track 4 72
Grammar Focus: do you ‘mind’? EXERCISE 4
Conversation point: would you like to visit Mars? What if you could never return? EXERCISE 11
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False Friends: Argentinian false friends EXERCISE 19
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Idioms: mind expressions EXERCISE 14
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Etymology: the origins of the names for parts of the brain EXERCISE 2
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Phonetics: ash /æ/
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Subscription Form Picture Description
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AUDIO SCRIPTS EXTENSION
Tracks 6-9 Conversation point: which types of TV programmes do you hate to watch? Is there any bad TV that you find irresistible? EXERCISE 31 Track 12
Conversation point: what would you do if you found a bag of money which included a couple of guns?
Track 13
Conversation point: where would you like to spend an anniversary with a ‘significant other’? Would your partner be equally enthusiastic about this option? EXERCISE 25
English in Context
Psychobabble “The only normal people are the ones you don’t know very well.” -COMEDIAN JOE ANCIS ‘Psychobabble’ refers to the appropriation of psychotherapeutic words by the general public who use them imprecisely and often incorrectly. The process is a natural one – we have always loved to label1 others’ foibles2 – and has been going on3 for millennia. Galen’s humours4 gave us ‘sanguine’ 5, ‘melancholic’, ‘choleric’ and ‘phlegmatic’. Words for reduced intelligence – like ‘cretin’, ‘moron’ and ‘imbecile’ – were added to the popular psychological arsenal in more modern times. Then Freud and the psychoanalysts came along6 and gave us ‘Freudian slips’7, ‘wishful thinking’8, ‘denial’9, ‘projecting’ 10, ‘the Oedipus complex’, ‘libido’ and ‘anal retentive’ 11. Jung added ‘introvert’, ‘extrovert’ and ‘the collective unconscious’ to the mix.
Painting by Aurora Mazzoldi
Some Examples Here are a few examples of psychobabble: >> ‘Acting out’ is a psychological term for a type of impulsive anti-social behaviour12. However, the term has been taken up13 as a synonym for ‘acting up’, i.e. it is used to describe somebody simply behaving badly: - What’s wrong? Have the kids been acting out again? >> A hugely14 popular concept in recent years is the idea of ‘getting closure’, which tends to refer to being able to ‘move on’ after a traumatic event. The phrase is often used to describe a victim’s satisfaction at seeing that their aggressor is punished15. >> The idea that the brain’s hemispheres have different functions has penetrated the popular consciousness and the expression “that’s so left-brain” has come to imply that something is cold, rational and/or uncool.
Jim Parsons’s character in The Big Bang Theory, Sheldon Cooper, is very left-brain. to label – categorize, pigeonhole 2 foible – weakness, inadequacy, defect 3 to be going on – be happening, be occurring 4 Galen’s humours – the ancient idea that the health and personality were determined by four ‘humours’ (= corporal fluids): 1
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Photo by Kristin Dos Santos
yellow bile, black bile, blood and phlegm 5 sanguine – optimistic 6 to come along (come-camecome) – appear 7 Freudian slip – lapsus linguae that reveals one’s true thoughts 8 wishful thinking – confusing what you would like to happen with what is really probable
More examples are given in ‘disorders’ on the next page. to be in denial – not accept that sth. is true (despite the evidence that it is) because it is psychologically painful 10 to be projecting – imagine that sb. else is feeling certain emotions because one cannot admit that one is feeling them oneself 11 anal (retentive) – obsessed
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about details in an irritating way 12 behaviour (UK English) – behaviour (US English), conduct 13 to take sth. up (take-tooktaken) – adopt sth. 14 hugely – enormously 15 to punish – discipline (e.g. send to prison)
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AUDIO SCRIPTS
The following pages contain the transcriptions of what is spoken on the audio files.
SPOKEN-ENGLISH TIPS
YES NO. 5 TRACK LIST
Spoken English is significantly different from the written language: A more limited vocabulary is generally used and it is, by definition, more colloquial. Moreover1, spoken English uses many more incomplete or badly constructed sentences. On the other hand, intonation and stress can be used in speech.
Mini-debates (23m57s) 1. Do Animals Have Rights? (8m26s) 2. Slacktivism (6m52s) 3. Is Humanity Getting More Stupid? (5m05s) 4. Off to Mars (3m34s)
HOW TO USE THE AUDIO SCRIPTS
5. Phonetics (3m23s)
Follow our eight-step process to get the most out of the audio scripts:
1
2
3 4 5 6 7 8
Before you listen we recommend that you read through the relevant section of the footnotes2 (not the text itself). This should give you some idea of the subject3 and help you to understand the more difficult vocabulary as you listen. When you listen the first time, don’t expect to understand everything; listening practice should not be a painful4 process. Simply see how much meaning you can extract from the recording.
Monologues: Bad TV Programs (11m40s) 6. Monologue 1 [British English] (3m10s) 7. Monologue 2 [US English] (3m28s) 8. Monologue 3 [Irish English] (3m40s) 9. Monologue 4 [Anglo-Irish English] (1m22s) 10. Interview with AmyJo Doherty (12m02s)
Listen more times going back to the footnotes to integrate the information you have.
11. Song: Shake It! (2m14s) Mini-dialogues (13m33s) 12. The Refuse Collectors (4m26s) 13. Anniversary in the Jungle (5m23s) 14. A Mouth Full (3m44s)
Once you understand reasonably well, do the relevant exercise.
Finally, read the audio scripts as you listen again. 15. English in Context: Psychobabble (1m45s) Stop each time you get lost or encounter a structure that interests or confuses you.
16. Picture Description (4m50s)
Repeat words or phrases whose pronunciation surprises you.
Two or three days later, listen to the text again without reading to see if your understanding has improved5.
This process is intense and time-consuming. However, it will eventually6 solve the problem most learners have of relating7 the spoken word to the written. Once you’ve done that, the rest is easy!
Total time: 1h13m24s
moreover – what’s more, furthermore footnotes – notes at the bottom of the page (in this box) 3 subject (n.) – (in this context) theme 4 painful – (in this context) arduous, unpleasant 5 to improve – get better 6 eventually – (false friend) in the end 7 to relate – associate, connect, link 1
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AUDIO SCRIPTS
10. Interview with AmyJo Doherty
Yes (Y): Great! So, here we have AmyJo Doherty who’s come to talk to us about herself and about her song Shake It, which is… which you can listen to after this brief227 interview. So, Amy could you tell us a little bit about yourself? AmyJo Doherty (A): Hello, well thank you for inviting me to speak about my song. Shake it is a song that I’m launching228 as my first solo song and it’s gonna33 be a part of an brief – short to launch – promote 229 EP – extended-play single, CD with approximately four songs on it (< 25 minutes) 230 on me own – (slang/dialect) on my own, by myself, alone 231 keyboard –
EP229 which is called Shake it, which is why I’ve chosen that one to put into the magazine for your readers to listen to. And it was actually57 a song that I sang with the Ezra Beats, which were my band before. But my friend left and so now I’m on me own230, well, I’m not actually57 on my own, I’m with three other guys who I’ve been… I was with a percussionist, Iñaki, and then I found a keyboard231 player, Marcel, and just recently got a guitar player, which means I play the guitar much less and I just31 sing and shout at the crowd232 and try to stop them talking Y: So what’s the song about? A: Well, the song, as the title suggests, Shake It, it’s a bit an angsty233, punky kind116 of song which is actually57… it sounds a bit typical but about – y’know5 – a destructive relationship trying to get rid of234 someone or perhaps something a situation that you are not happy with in your life and just31 shaking it off235 really. And also it’s… we chose it because in my concerts I always give shakers236 to people and ‘shake it’ has become – y’know5 – it’s – kind of8 – one of these things that has become a bit synonymous especially with the Ezra crowd – (in this case) audience angsty – (informal) misunderstood, frustrated and anxious 234 to get rid of (get-got-got) – discard, eliminate 235 to shake sth. off (shake-shook-shaken) – (literally) see photo of dog 236 shakers – maracas 237 gig – (informal) concert 238 judging from – on the basis of
(12m02s)
Beats gigs237. Y: OK, so, tell us a bit about yourself because judging from 238 AmyJo I would think you were an American, from your accent you sound British and your surname239 is Irish. So, there must be an interesting story back there240 somewhere. A: Yeah, a bit of a mixture really. Well no, I’m English, although I wasn’t really brought up241 in England. My dad was in the army and his family are Irish. His father from just outside Cork, Waterford and my mom was a big fan of the book Little Women and I think it’s MaryJo so she loved AmyJo and that’s how I got my name. 242 And although I’ve got a British passport I wouldn’t consider myself particularly209 British. We’ve lived all over the world and now I find myself here.
Shake off.
surname – family name back there – behind those facts 241 to bring up (bring-brought-brought) – rear, raise, care for a child until s/he becomes an adult 242 the central character of Little Women (1868) is called Jo (March) and she has a sister called Amy
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Photo by Des Colhoun
EXERCISES
PAGE
EXERCISE
122
17. Phrasal Verbs Round-up: how many new phrasal verbs have you learned this month? 18. Cinema: a quiz relating to Charlize Theron (pp. 58-61).
PAGE
EXERCISE
112
1. Illustrations round-up: see if you can identify most of the objects and actions illustrated in the footnotes of this issue. 2. On pp. 82-83 we look at the colourful meanings of some of the (Latin) names for parts of the brain. This short exercise sees how many of the translations you can remember.
123
3. Title Tag: can you match these alternative titles to the news and science articles on pp. 7-13? 4. Grammar Focus: fill the gaps in this exercise about ‘mind’ structures (pp. 72-73). 5. Sports: can you name the chess pieces in English? (pp. 46-49).
113
124
125
114
6. Word Search: find words relating to the brain (pp. 26-44).
115
7. Prepositions: fill the gaps in this text from the politics section with the correct prepositions (pp. 16-17). 8. Fill the gaps to complete expressions from the literature article on pp. 50-53.
126
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116
9. Crossword for general vocabulary revision.
117
10. Sentence transformation for general syntax revision of structures from this issue.
128
118
11. Debates: listening comprehension for audio tracks 1-4 (pp. 88-96).
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12. Too many words: find the unnecessary words in this extract from the Internet section (pp. 14-15). 13. US vs. UK: fill the gaps in the chart. This relates to the whole magazine.
129
130 120
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14. Idioms: complete the sentences to form ‘mind’ expressions from pp. 78-81. 15. Pronunciation round-up: review the difficult words from the footnotes.
19. False Friends: test how well you have understood pp. 74-77. 20. False Friends Round-Up: review the false friends identified in the footnotes. 21. Homophones: replace the homophones so that this excerpt written by Amelia Murray (pp. 62-63). 22. Internet Listening: test your listening comprehension of this fascinating talk about hearing voices (p. 39). 23. Reading comprehension: an exercise relating to the Travel section (pp. 22-25). 24. Phrasal verbs: revise the multi-word verbs from p. 65. 25. Dialogues: a listening comprehension on tracks 12-15 (pp. 104-110). 26. Translation: correct these real examples of broken English (pp. 66-67). 27. Economics: a varied exercise relating to pp. 18-20. 28. Wordplay: another word game relating to the English in Context section on pp. 70-71 29. Word Building: complete these sentences with compound -mind- words from pp. 68-69. 30. Spelling: an exercise relating to p. 76. 31. Listening comprehension for the monologues (audio tracks 6-9, pp. 96-99). 32. Poetry: use the rhyme scheme to complete these stanzas from the poem analysed on pp. 54-57. 33. cloze exercise: fill the gaps in this article about dangerous minds (p. 43).
131-133 ANSWERS
16. Word game: test your vocabulary and understanding of English morphology. YES 5 | 111
12. Internet. Read the article on pp. 14-15 and answer the following questions: i. Complete the following chart in relation to Prof. Cash’s recommendations (p. 14): Age (in years)
<7
Recommended maximum digital-screen time per day (in hours)
7-10
a.
b.
10-13 c.
13-18 d.
ii. Below we reproduce three paragraphs from the Internet Addiction article on p. 15. However, there is an unnecessary word in each line. Identify it and write it on the right. Don’t look back at the article until after you have finished the exercise: Doctor Mark Phillips, Professor of Gambling Studies at the Nottingham 1.......................................................................... Trent University, believes that the numbers of internet addicts are so 2.......................................................................... grossly overstated. We have to differentiate between both addictions 3.......................................................................... ‘to’ the internet itself and addictions ‘on’ the net, he says us. 4.......................................................................... Most of ‘Internet addicts’ are not addicted to the internet itself, but use it as a medium to fuel other addictions, according to the Doctor Phillips. Simply put up, a gambling addict who uses the internet to gamble excessively, is a gambling addict, not an internet addict too. The internet is just the place where he conducts his own chosen (addictive) behaviour. With no internet disposable, he would be in a casino or else other gambling establishment.
5.......................................................................... 6.......................................................................... 7.......................................................................... 8.......................................................................... 9.......................................................................... 10.......................................................................... 11..........................................................................
Also, people who do use the internet excessively and don’t experience any detrimental effects are not addicted to the net themselves. For an action to be considered an ‘addictive’ behaviour, there must be some definable detriment. So be careful before that you overreact and restrict your children from technology altogether, because of the danger of internet addiction may also be overstated.
12.......................................................................... 13.......................................................................... 14.......................................................................... 15.......................................................................... 16.......................................................................... 17..........................................................................
13. US vs. UK. Throughout the magazine we highlight variety-specific vocabulary in the footnotes. See if you can complete this chart with the missing terms: UK English 1 2
flip-flop
3
behaviour
4
US English
page/footnote reference
jail
(p. 43, n. 30) (p. 67, n. 5) (p. 70, n. 12)
guardrail
(p. 76, n. 9)
5
badge
(p. 76, n. 11)
6
name after
(p. 82, n. 3)
7 8
rooster plaid
9
(p. 83, n. 2) (p. 84, n. 9)
braid
(p. 84, n. 10)
10
telly
(p. 98, n. 201)
11
banknote
(p. 104, n. 304)
12
garbage dump
(p. 105, n. 311) YES 5 | 119
STAFF Anglo Files, S.L. (publisher) Nicholas Franklin (editor) nick@yes-mag.com Marina Carresi (artistic director and photography, proofreading) marina@yes-mag.com Nathan Burkiewicz (sub-editor, page-design, webmaster) nathan@yes-mag.com Fabiola Vieyra (promotion) Josh Tampico (sound engineer) Gonzalo Cohen (legal)
WRITERS, VOICES, INVALUABLE SUPPORT & HELPING HANDS Douglas Jasch, Prof. Raoul Franklin, Colman Keane, Almudena Cáceres, Susannah Jones, Robbie Jones, Lois Humphrey, Julie Davies, Adrian Hall, AmyJo Doherty, Hamish Binns, Garrett Wall, Dave Mooney, Saskia Eijkins.
PHOTOGRAPHY Cover photos: ‘Brain’ by Marina Carresi, ‘Charlize’ by World Economic Forum (Sebastian Derungs), ‘AmyJo Doh’ by Martin Vial. Robbie K. Jones, Susannah Jones, Almudena Cáceres, Inma Isla, Sara L. Carresi, Marcelo Fabra, Javi Villanueva, Josh Tampico Cover design: Marina Carresi 134 | YES 5
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Published by Anglo Files S.L. C/ Bronce 27, 11-B, Madrid 28045 Depósito legal: M-9788-2013 // ISSN: 2255-5676 PVP: 9,95€ VAT included/incluido IVA // Printed in Spain All rights reserved. Neither all nor part of this magazine can be reproduced, recorded in or transmitted by any information-recovery system by any means, be it mechanical, photochemical, magnetic, electronic, photocopies or any other method or used for commercial purposes without prior written permission from the publisher and in accordance with the Intellectual Property Law. Any violation of these terms and conditions will be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.
In the Next Volume of Your English Supplement
Feature:
LET’S GET EMOTIONAL! - The crying game - How to be happy - Rejection & heartbreak
- Anger management - Life without fear - Shyness as an asset
Language Cracking Codes
History Britain & the Mau Mau: A dirty war in East Africa
Fashion Naomi Campbell: Black is Beautiful
Sports Ashes to Ashes: Ungentlemanly conduct on the cricket pitch
Photo by Jasmin Hunter
Technology Should we be scared of our robotic future?
Phrasal Verbs Phrasal verbs as metaphors – a useful concept?
Spelling English spelling: A problem solved?
Names Nazis, Quakers and Impressionisms - Names of movements that were originally insults
Plus loads more stuff on economics, internet, science, news, language etc. which we haven’t decided yet!