Building Technology

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGN BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONS) IN ARCHITECTURE BUILDING TECHNOLOGY I [BLD 61403] Project 1 :

Group Members : Ng Wyn Jane Teo Kuo Chien Tan Yincy Tan Yik Ting Rachael Cheong Woo Shirley

0319440 0317732 0318355 0320543 0319926 0320195

Tutor : Mohamed Rizal

TABLE OF CONTENT

1. CONCEPTS AND FRAMEWORK OF IBS ( INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEMS ) 1.1 1.2 1.3

Proposed IBS Fabrication Process of IBS Components Case Study

2. DRAWINGS 2.1

Architectural Drawings 2.1 Beam Layout 2.2 Floor Plan 2.3 Elevation 2.4 Section 2.5 Axonometric 2.6 Schedule

3. SCHEDULE OF IBS COMPONENTS 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8

Cast-in-situ Foundation Slab Precast Beam Precast Column Precast Wall Precast Staircase Precast bathroom pod Prefabricated Purlin and Steel Truss

4. IBS SCORING CALCULATION 5. CONCLUSION

1.

CONCEPTS AND FRAMEWORK OF IBS

1. CONCEPT AND FRAMEWORK OF IBS

1.1

Proposed IBS System

WHY IBS SYSTEM ?

ADVANTAGE

DISADVANTAGE

Industrialized Building System (IBS) is a new technology that has been proposed as a

Less labour at site

Requires highly skilled workers

manufactured in factories before transporting it to the site.

Cost savings

High initial cost

During the assembly process, the used of IBS can reduce large labor usage and increase

Shorter construction time

Longer construction time

High quality and aesthetic value

Limited supply and rougher work

Cleaner environment

Environmental pollution

Minimal wastage

Transportation inflexibility

construction technique or a building system whereby building components are usually

productivity hence a better quality of building construction. The construction process will not be affected by the weather because most of the construction operation of IBS is done in factory.

Modular coordination (MC) also known as a standard measurement for IBS elements. It’s a concept of coordination of dimension and space in which buildings and components are dimensioned and positioned in terms of basic unit or module.

02

1. CONCEPT AND FRAMEWORK OF IBS

1.2

Fabricated process of IBS Components

Among one of the most important characteristics of IBS method is IBS components are prefabricated offsite.

Prefabrication system of construction means breaking a whole housing unit into different components such as the

Design

Production Line

floors, walls, columns, beams, roofs, etc.

These components are separately prefabricated or manufactured in modules or standard dimensions in a factory.

Form a Final Unit

Pre-cast Concrete Framing & Panel Pre-cast columns, beams & slabs 3-D components such as staircases, toilets, permanent concrete formwork

Formwork Systems Tunnel forms, beams and columns moulding forms, permanent steel formworks (metal decks)

Steel Framing Systems Steel beams and columns, portal framesand roof trusses

Assemble & Erection

Prefabricated Timber Framing Systems Timber frames and roof trusses

Delivery to Site

Block Work Systems Interlocking concrete masonry units (CMU), lightweight concrete blocks

03

1. CONCEPT AND FRAMEWORK OF IBS

1.3

Case study

Seri Jati Apartment, Setia Alam A 10 Storey Apartment in a single phase development with 948 Units within 6 Blocks.

Uses the Precast Walls that follows Due to the high cost and lack of specialised manpower for the

MS 1064 for Vertical & Horizontal

industrialised building system (IBS), it has always been the main

Repetition.

argument put forward by developers against its use. However, property developer SP Setia Bhd has shown that this building

Uses Precast Structural Frames with

system makes financial sense in the construction of affordable

in-situ concrete floor using

homes. It is wholly-owned by subsidiary Setia Precast Sdn Bhd

Reusable System Formwork

and has earned an IBS special award for the construction of its affordable apartments in Setia Alam, Selangor, at the Malaysia Construction Industry Excellence Award 2016.

Prefabricated Steel Roof Trusses

Precast Components - Precast Load Bearing Walls

Full IBS factor : Precast system : -

Load bearing and nonbearing walls

-

Staircase

-

Column, beam, slabs

Precast Walls for Roof

- Precast Non-Bearing Walls - Precast Staircase & Landing Slabs - Precast Lift Core Walls

In-Situ Typical Floor Slabs

- Precast Bathroom Slabs - precast Air-Cond Ledges

Steel Framing Systems : Prefabricated Steel Roof Trusses Conventional Construction

Partially IBS Factor : Precast system : Walls for roof Form work system : In-situ concrete structure

- Foundation - Ground Floor - Transfer Beam - RC Slab

Nil IBS Factor : Timber formwork

04

2.

DRAWINGS

2. DRAWINGS

2.1 Beam Layout 2.1.1

Ground Beam Layout

06

2. DRAWINGS

2.1

Beam Layout

2.1.2

First Floor Beam Layout

07

2. DRAWINGS

2.1

Beam Layout

2.1.3

Second Floor Beam Layout

08

2. DRAWINGS

2.1

Beam Layout

2.1.4

Roof Beam Layout

09

2. DRAWINGS

2.2 Floor Plans 2.2.1

Ground Floor Plan

10

2. DRAWINGS

2.2 Floor Plans 2.2.2

First Floor Plan

11

2. DRAWINGS

2.2 Floor Plans 2.2.3

Second Floor Plan

12

2. DRAWINGS

2.2 Floor Plans 2.2.4 Roof Plan

13

2. DRAWINGS

2.3 Elevations 2.3.1

Front Elevation

14

2. DRAWINGS

2.3 Elevations 2.3.2

Back Elevation

15

2. DRAWINGS

2.3 Elevations 2.3.3

Left Elevation

16

2. DRAWINGS

2.3 Elevations 2.3.4 Right Elevation

17

2. DRAWINGS

2.4 Section 2.4.1

Section A - A

18

2. DRAWINGS 2. DRAWINGS

2.4 Section 2.4.2 Section B - B 2.20 Back Elevation

19

2. DRAWINGS

2.5 Axonometric 2.5.1

Isometric

20

2. DRAWINGS

2.6 Schedule of IBS Component

Type

2.6.1

Foundation and Column Column

Foundation F1

F2

C1

C2

C3

C4

8

1

12

12

6

12

Isometric

Plan Quantity System

Cast In Situ

Precast system

016

16

21

2. DRAWINGS

2.6 Schedule of IBS Component

Type

2.14

Beams Beams

B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

B7

B8

B9

6

6

6

6

6

12

12

6

6

Isometric

Plan Quantity ```

System

Precast system

017

17

22

2. DRAWINGS

2.6 Schedule of IBS Component

Type

2.14

Slabs Slabs

S1

S2

S3

S4

S5

108

6

21

3

3

Isometric

Plan Quantity System

Cast In Situ

018

18

23

2. DRAWINGS

2.6 Schedule of IBS Component

Type

2.14

Walls Walls

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

w7

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

Isometric

Plan

Quantity System

Precast system

019

19

24

2. DRAWINGS

2.6 Schedule of IBS Component

Type

2.14

Walls Walls

W8

W9

W 10

W 11

W 12

W 13

W 14

6

6

6

6

6

12

12

Isometric

Plan

Quantity System

Precast system

020

20

25

2. DRAWINGS

2.6 Schedule of IBS Component

Type

2.14

Walls, Toilet pod and Staircase

Walls W 15

Staircase

Toilet pod T1

W 16

ST 1

ST 2

Isometric Quantity System

ST 1 - 2

ST 2 - 4 Precast system Roof trusses R1

Plan

Quantity System

6

6

6

6 Precast system

Quantity System

16 Prefabricated steel frame

021

21

26

3.

SCHEDULE OF IBS COMPONENTS

3. SCHEDULE OF IBS COMPONENTS

3.1

Cast-in-situ Foundation (Excavation, IBS Footing > Raft/ Foundation Ground Beam > Cast in-situ Ground Floor Slabs)

A thin wall precast spread foundation (IBS footing) suitable for low to

In order to model a rigid footing, a downward displacement boundary

moderate rise buildings is proposed. Factors such as transportability

condition was applied on the soil stratum Cast in-situ ground floor,

are considered.

typically reinforced concrete ground beams and slabs.

Construction Process : Footing to Ground Beam (1)

Precast concrete pad footings are laid on the excavated site while ground beam slabs and beam are attached.

(2)

In order to model a rigid footing, a downward displacement boundary condition was applied on the soil stratum. (Cast in-situ ground floor is typically reinforced concrete ground beams and slabs. The IBS precast footing was considered to be rigid and it is assumed to be in perfect contact with soil. )

(3)

To prevent the walls from brittle failure, a bracing system was developed.

Construction Process : Footing for Precast Concrete Foundations (1)

The section footings for precast concrete foundations require the precast foundation base section be installed on concrete

Footings should be installed on undisturbed soil.

The purpose of footings is to support the foundation and prevent settling.

spread footings.

(2)

The depth and width of the stone base are determined by the width of the foundation wall, the site’s soil load-bearing capacity and by the height and construction materials in the building to be supported.

(3)

Concrete spread footings may be used under precast concrete foundations.

28

3. SCHEDULE OF IBS COMPONENTS

3.2 Slab Rectangular opening

Cast in situ and precast slab (hollow core slab) are used in the proposed building as it offers the ideal structural section by reducing deadweight while providing the maximum structural efficiency within the slab depth.

Cut at an angle Round opening

Material Type: Concrete / Superior grade of concrete Advantages (Cast in situ): (1)

Flexible when it comes to geometric shapes

(2)

Adaptability to any design with different texture and colour.

(3)

Casting in “Sandwich� to incorporate polystyrene sheet insulation.

(4)

No maintenance.

(5)

Universal Availability.

(6)

Easy transportation of wet concrete

(7)

Relatively easy to do late changes to structure

(8)

Structure becomes monolithic

Edge

End cut Angular cut

Advantages (Hollow core slab): (1)

Weighed up to 54% less than the other custom pre-stressed slabs.

(2)

Cost of construction is much lower as the pillars and beams have much less load on them.

(3)

Have the capability to bridge spans of 16 meters without support.

(4)

Load transferred in only one direction.

(5)

Save up to 50% of concrete and up to 50% of the armature when compared to all other traditional slabs.

(6)

More design possibilities for the interiors.

(7)

Could hold up to 2000 kg/m2 and could be use for installations of different types.

(8)

Fast production and easy to transport compared to natural stones.

The connection from slab to beam are connected by the reinforcement bar ties and filled with cement to permanently let it sit in place.

29

3. SCHEDULE OF IBS COMPONENTS

3.2 Slab Construction Process (Cast in situ): Untopped hollow core slab

(1)

Erect the slab formwork using conventional scaffold framing and timber combination or using system formworks.

(2)

Apply releasing agent using rollers for ease of striking.

(3)

Main reinforcement bars laid at bottom layer of the slab spaced evenly

Grout Welded angle connector

according to design or drawings. Tie the reinforcement bars at both ends to maintain the spacing and tie the distribution bars to the main reinforcement bars.

(4)

After completing the slab top reinforcements, clean and blow away the dust by using compressed air. Check all the formwork gaps and ensure that they are plugged before concrete placement.

(5)

Check the concrete slab surface and ensure it is sufficiently dry after 12hrs.

Bearing pad

Reinforcing bar ties are grouted into keys between slab elements

Spray water and flood the concrete to cure and repeat when it’s needed.

Installation Process (Hollow core slab): (1)

The hollow core slabs are produced by a special machine. This machine is

Slab-to-Beam Connection

responsible for extruding the hollow cross section of the element and vibrate the concrete in place and around the pre-stressed wires for superior bondage of

• Hollow core slabs are set on bearing pads on precast beams.

the materials.

• Steel reinforcing bars are in inserted into the slab keyways to span the joint.

The slabs would be transfer to the site after completion and are to be located

• The joint is grouted solid.

and installed in accordance with approved drawings.

• The slab may remain untapped as shown, or topped with several inches of

(3)

Hoist only one slab at a time to its designated position.

cast in place concrete.

(4)

Keep slab joint widths uniform and never hoist slabs by hooking into cores.

(2)

30

3. SCHEDULE OF IBS COMPONENTS

3.3 Precast Beam Beams and beam shells are both used for suspended flooring. Beams are typically used as

Beam-to Column Connection

Column bars

ledges for other forms of precast flooring to sit on, but can also be used as a flooring option • Beams are set on bearing

in their own right.

pads on the column corbels.

Column ties

Types of precast beams used in the proposed design are rectangular beams and Tee beams. • Steel angles are welded to Rectangular Beams: Used to span clear sections and are reinforced and/or prestressed.

metal plates cast into the beams and columns and the

Tee Beams: Cover the span range beyond slab-type members such as hollow core planks.

joint

is

grouted

Weld plates cast into columns

solid.

Very efficient structural shape and generally cast with straight strands or deflected strands, depending on design considerations. There are the basis for the design of economical, fire rated structures where construction time, long spans or heavy loadings are important cost

Reinforcing for corbels

influences.

Construction Method : Precast beams are casted in plants away from the structure in a very controlled environment with ideal conditions to ensure the maximum strength of the beam. They are caste, compacted, set and cured in a controlled environment and then transported to the real

Weld plate cast into beam

location after getting its required strength where the beams are to be used and placed as whole and joint are made.

Material Type: Concrete`

Rectangular Beam

Tee Beam

Prestressed tendons

Bearing pads on corbels Stirrups

31

3. SCHEDULE OF IBS COMPONENTS

3.3 Precast Beam Advantages: (1)

Material efficiency helps save cost and weight.

(2)

Beams offer cost and time savings with close tolerances, while meeting the configuration requirements of any pedestrian-flow requirement in stadium structures.

(3)

I NST ALLA TION

Minimizes joints and can be reinforced with either prestressing strands or conventional reinforcing bars.

(4)

Branch ducts can be accommodated by providing blockouts in the stems of tees or beams.

(5)

Structurally efficient beams can be left exposed with natural finishes.

(6)

Create a framework that would resist intense heat and would not add fuel to a

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

fire.

(7)

Relatively strong in torsion when compared to structural-steel beams and requires a lesser structural requirement on the connection.

(8)

Easier during erection unlike rolling behaviour happenings in steel-beams.

Installation Process: (1)

Set reference line and offset line to determine the required alignment and level of the precast beam elements during installation.

(2)

Temporary props are placed to support the precast beam elements.

(3)

Beams are lift to their designated location with the use of wire ropes.

(4)

Align and check level to suit the required setting out before placement of beams to final position.

(5)

For components with cast in-situ joints, place and lap the rebars as required.

(6)

Set up the formwork for the casting of the joint.

(7)

Carry out concrete casting and remove forms after sufficient concrete strength has been achieved.

32

3. SCHEDULE OF IBS COMPONENTS

3.4 Precast Column Columns are not structural, but can be used as such only after a structural

Column-to-Foundation Connection

engineer has adapted them to a building.

(In situ foundation with starter bars-and dowel tubes)

Precast column used in the

proposed design is single storey corbel columns, rectangular in section and projecting rebar are provided for tying in to in-situ floors (ground floor).

• The in-situ foundation houses cast-in starter bars which

Options for foundation connections include cast in base plates, dowel tubes

the precast column is later lowered onto and grouted to

or projections. Beam support is achieved by either flared heads, corbels or

provide continuity.

bolt-on brackets.

Material Type: Concrete Advantages: (1)

Reduced costs relating to building materials, installation and long-term upkeep.

(2)

Precast column Column Shoes for Anchor bolt for the alignment and fixing of the column

Columns could achieve inherent fire ratings and provide extended service life, making commercial and residential properties more attractive to consumers.

(4)

Provide lasting resistance to extremely hot temperatures and reduce the likelihood of catastrophic structural damage.

(5)

Anchor bolt for the assembly and fixing of the column Expansive grouting mortar

Accelerated construction schedules that help complete projects on time.

(3)

Expansive grouting mortar

Cast-in-situ foundation Corrugate Dowel Tubes where the rebars are inserted in

Precast column

Nuts and washers

Flexible sizing and configuration, could be customized to client’s exact specifications.

(6)

Superior loading, precast columns feature exceptional strength and load principals compared to traditional concrete products and other common support materials.

Column Shoes for Anchor bolt for the alignment and fixing of the column Corrugate dowel tubes where the rebars are inserted in

Anchor bolt for the assembly and fixing of the column

Cast-in-situ foundation

33

3. SCHEDULE OF IBS COMPONENTS

3.4 Precast Column Installation Process: (1)

Set reference line and offset line to determine the position of the precast elements to be installed.

(2)

Provide level pads or shim plates for setting the level of the columns.

Set the level pads in position using non-shrink mortar.

(3)

Column-to-Column Connection • Metal bearing plates and embedded anchor bolts are cast into the ends of the columns . • After the columns are mechanically joined, the connection is grouted to provide full bearing between elements and protect the metal components from fire and corrosion.

Compressible form or backer rod on the outer perimeters of wall are fixed.

(4)

Columns lift and rig to its designated location with wire ropes and adjust into position.

(5)

Secured with diagonal props.

(6)

Non-shrink mortal applied to the inner side gaps of the column and

Shims

The entire joint is dry-packed with grout after alignment

sealed.

(7)

Keep the columns undisturbed for at least 24 hours.

(8)

Set up forms for the casting of the vertical joint and carry out concrete casting.

Before Assembly

(9) (10)

Assembled

Grouted

Remove forms after sufficient concrete strength is achieved.

For joints between external columns with beams or wall elements, approved sealant and grout will be installed at later stage.

34

3. SCHEDULE OF IBS COMPONENTS

3.5 Precast Wall Construction Method: Precast system Ways to hoist Precast walls Material type: Concrete Advantages: (1)

Precast concrete wall systems are especially cost effective when they satisfy aesthetic objectives

Installation Process: (1)

Precast Concrete Wall is made in the factory and should be delivered to the site where it can be directly erected after reaching the site.

(2)

Lifting hooks are installed at the top of the components and crane are used to lift the precast concrete wall components to the desired place.

Precast Concrete Wall here act as the load bearing wall: (1)

They form the supporting structure for floors and roof at the building perimeter.

(2)

Precast load bearing wall

Load-bearing wall panels, serve as an important part of the structural framing.

Depending on the floor plan, this can lead to interior space free of columns or

Precast ACC block work panel

interior bearing walls providing flexibility of partition layout.

(3)

Load-bearing wall panels, comprising structural-esthetic-functional features, provide the opportunity to construct an attractive building.

(4)

Precast concrete wall panels may be connected to form structural walls by casting in place spandrel beams and columns using the wall panels as forms.

Connections: (1)

Wall to wall at interior and exterior vertical joints

(2)

Wall to wall at interior and exterior horizontal joints

(3)

Wall to base/ Foundation

(4)

Facade to Beam (Non- bearing wall) - Rarely are they connected to columns

35

3. SCHEDULE OF IBS COMPONENTS

3.5 Precast Wall Blockwork or brickwork is referred to each individual unit which has been produced at homogeneous shape, being lifted and laid with mortar for durable masonry construction, lightweight, high mass, larger size and elevated compressive strength, a very good example is Autoclaved Aerated

ENERGY SAVING

ENERGY EFFICIENT

FAST CONSTRUCTION

COST SAVING

LESS WEIGHT

HIGH STRENGTH

EARTHQUAKE RESIST

WORKABILITY

ENDURANCE

PRECISE

HIGH LOAD BEARING

HIGH ECONOMY

Concrete block (AAC block).

Construction Method: Block work system Material Type: Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (ACC) Autoclaved

Aerated

Concrete

is

a

Lightweight,

Load-bearing,

High-insulating, Durable building product, which is produced in a wide range of sizes and strengths. AAC Blocks is lightweight and compare to the red bricks AAC blocks are three times lighter.

36

3. SCHEDULE OF IBS COMPONENTS

3.6 Precast Staircase Construction Method: (1)

Stair precast concrete components: (i) Individual steps unit (ii) Complete flight

(2)

Staircases, landings and steps are manufactured. (The right left stair elevation respectively counterclockwise and clockwise.)

(3)

Installation of stairs produced simultaneously with the construction of walls. The staircase marches by a crane.

Material Type: Concrete Advantages: (1)

Better quality control of the finished product.

(2)

Saving of space on site as formwork storage space.

(3)

Stairway enclosing shaft can be utilised for hoisting or lifting of materials and equipments during the major construction period.

Landing platform are made without the support arms.

Installation process: 1.

Stairways are served by a crane sling

2.

Cement-sand mortar were placed on the supporting ground landings and leveled with a trowel.

Infos in the diagrams: 1.

Top: In situ concrete staircase, the stairs are supported on soft pads at discrete points, a joint separate wall and stair.

2.

Middle: Cast-in place concrete stair shaft with prefabricated stair flights, the bottom and top support for the flight included sound insulation, the landings are literally supported on soft pads, flight separated from wall by a joint.

3.

Bottom: Staircase made completely of prefabricated elements, the flight are extended to include the landings, support points with sound insulation layer, stair is separated from wall elements.

Staircase landing - load bearing wall connection.

37

3. SCHEDULE OF IBS COMPONENTS

3.7 Precast Bathroom pod Construction Method : Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction (PPVC) Free-standing volumetric modules (complete with finishes for walls, floors and ceilings), constructed

and

assembled

or

manufactured

and

assembled

in an accredited fabrication facility in accordance with any accredited fabrication method,

and

then

installed

in

a

building

under

building

works.

Material Type: Lightweight concrete with a 6 mm diameter wire-mesh reinforcement.

Advantages: (1)

Could significantly speed up construction

(2)

Can potentially achieve a productivity increase of up to 50% in terms of manpower and time savings, depending on the complexity of the projects.

(3)

Dust and noise pollution could be minimised as more activities are done off-site.

(4)

Improve site safety due to the installation activities being carried out in a factory controlled environment.

Installation Process: (1)

Prefabricated pods are delivered to site based on the project timeline.

(2)

Delivery logistics are carefully planned according to the schedule of the project.

(3)

The pods are hoisted into the building structure.

(4)

Wrapped bathroom pods filled in the open bays prior to the exterior facade going up.

(5)

Pods are moved to its final locations after the mechanicals and partition walls were installed and ready for MEP connections..

(6)

The area above the pod is framed to the ceiling to integrate the pod fully within the room.

(7)

The exterior of the pod received the same finish as the rest of the room and blends seamlessly.

38

3. SCHEDULE OF IBS COMPONENTS

3.8 Prefabricated Purlin and Steel Truss Material Type: (1)

Clip Lock Profile Zincalume

(2)

Double Sided Reinforced Woven Aluminium Foil

(3)

Rockwool Insulation 50mm thick

(4)

Steel Roof Trusses - Gutter / Rectangular Rainwater Down Pipe Complete With

C shaped galvanized steel truss

Accessories And Bracket (5)

Metal Fascia And Metal Flashing

(6)

Flat Surface Zincalume Metal Capping

Wall plate

Triple grid with 8 screw connection

Installation Process: (1)

The prefabricated roof trusses are secured unto the building via L-brackets

Precast concrete roof beam

and the rafters are bolted on the trusses.

(2)

The steel trusses are prefabricated in the steel casting yard.

(3)

Trusses are transfer by the crane into its position and bolted into place.

Precast concrete roof beam

Roof - Beam Connection Roof Structure - Purlin Connection Roof Connection Detail

100mm welded steel truss Welded steel plate

C shaped galvanized steel truss

Upper grid louver metal wall plates

Connector Anchor bolt 150x 150mm Top chord connected to beam

Precast concrete roof beam

39

4.

IBS SCORING CALCULATION

4. IBS SCORING CALCULATION

ELEMENTS

AREA(m2)

IBS FACTOR

COVERAGE

IBS SCORE

PART 1: STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Prefabricated Steel Roof Truss Total Area= 11.5 m X 22.05 m = 253.58 m2 Precast Concrete Beam & Column with Precast Hollow Core Slab Total Area= 253.58 m2 X 3 storey = 760.74 m2

253.58

1.0

253.58 / 1014.32 = 0.25

50 X 0.25 X 1.0 = 12.5

760.74

1.0

760.74 / 1014.32 = 0.75

50 X 0.75 X 1.0 = 37.5

TOTAL PART 1

1014.32

1.0

50

PART 2: WALL SYSTEM Internal Wall: Block Work System Total Length= 49.27 m X 3 storey = 147.81 m External Wall: Block Work System Total Length= 64.35 m X 3 storey = 193.05 m

147.81

0.5

147.81 / 340.86 = 0.43

20 X 0.43 X 0.5 = 4.3

193.05

0.5

193.05 / 340.86 = 0.57

20 X 0.57 X 0.5 = 5.7

TOTAL PART 2

340.86

1.0

10

100%

4

100%

4

PART 3: OTHER SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION METHOD 100% Beam dimension complies to MS 1064 Part 10:2001 100% Column dimension complies to MS 1064 Part 10:2001

41

4. IBS SCORING CALCULATION

ELEMENTS

AREA(m2)

IBS FACTOR

COVERAGE

IBS SCORE

PART 3: OTHER SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION METHOD 100% Door dimension complies to MS 1064 Part 10:2001 100% Window dimension complies to MS 1064 Part 10:2001 0% Wall dimension complies to MS 1064 Part 10:2001

100%

4

100%

4

0%

0

Horizontal repetition of structural = 100% Vertical repetition of structural Floor layout = 100% Repetition of floor to floor height = 100%

100%

2

100% 100%

2 2

TOTAL PART 3

22

IBS Contents Score of Project (Part 1, Part 2 and Part 3)

82

42

5.

CONCLUSION

5. CONCLUSION

IBS in Malaysia has been established, introduced and applied in the construction industry since the 1960's to deal with the growing demand for affordable accommodations, increased of construction cost, lower production rate, solving concerns associated

with

foreign

workers

and

improving

quality,

effectiveness and productivity of construction industry.

Despite all the benefits and support from the government, early effort to promote the usage of IBS in Malaysia's construction industry is still very low compared to conventional methods. (due to site restrictions (rural area, etc) inadequate accessibility for the components to be transferred , etc) Throughout this project, we were able to have more insight of the current situation (IBS) in the construction industry and were able to understand more about the it, from researching and investigating the types of IBS construction method generally used, analyzing a case study to the implementation of appropriate system in the production of a model for an apartment building..

We were able to propose a building that completely uses the IBS system and demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of IBS construction process through model making. We also understood more about the IBS fabrications, the sequence of the IBS construction, installation process and methods, practicality and IBS calculation and scoring method.

THA NKY OU .

Over 90% of our proposed building from foundation to the roof comprised of IBS components and we achieved a IBS score of 82/100.

44

6.

REFERENCES

6. REFERENCES

Bathroom Pod Installation On Site | Oldcastle SurePods. (n.d.). Retrieved October 06, 2017, from https://oldcastlesurepods.com/factory-built-bathrooms/on-site/ Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction (PPVC). (n.d.). Retrieved October 06, 2017, from https://www.bca.gov.sg/BuildableDesign/ppvc.html (n.d.). Retrieved October 06, 2017, from http://preca.in/blog/6-advantages-of-beams/ Method Statement of Slab Construction (Cast-In Situ). (2014, November 18). Retrieved October 06, 2017, from https://constructionquality.wordpress.com/2014/07/15/method-statement-for-slab-construction/ Technical Details. (n.d.). Retrieved October 08, 2017, from http://www.monachinotechnology.com/comparison-of-all-foundation-systems.html Designing Buildings Wiki The construction industry knowledge base. (n.d.). Retrieved October 06, 2017, from https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Off-site_prefabrication_of_buildings:_A_guide_to_connection_choices Advantages of Hollow Core Slabs. (2014, December 25). Retrieved October 06, 2017, from http://civilengineersforum.com/hollow-core-slab-advantages/ UTHM Follow. (2014, July 08). Presentation ibs. Retrieved October 06, 2017, from https://www.slideshare.net/finalistfarrah/presentation-ibs Concrete, C. (n.d.). Precast Concrete Columns and Beams. Retrieved October 08, 2017, from http://www.creaghconcrete.co.uk/products/precast-frames/precast-concrete-columns-beams.html?p=198

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