ABPL20033 - CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS, SEMESTER 2 - 2020 DR ALBERTO PUGNALE, SUBJECT COORDINATOR DR SOFIA COLABELLA, SENIOR TUTOR MARK LAM, STUDIO TUTOR ELAINE XINNUAN WANG, 1082365 LAKE WENDOUREE HOUSE, STUDIO 17
ASSIGNMENT 3：
FLIPBOOK Section 3D
1. Structural Systems, below ground
1000mm Square times 500mm deep centered beneath columns to spread point load
How did the site condition affect the design of the house?
220mm thick concrete retaining wall at the edge of the conservatory stairs to refrain lateral movement and support slab level change
The design of the Lake Wendouree House is in informed and regulated by the pre-existing site condition. Located in Ballarat within the perimeter of the picturesque Lake, the architect has taken inspiration from the local climate in designing the house, paying tribute to the natural landscape and the history of Ballarat’s boat houses and gardens. This is especially the case for the design of the conservatory which is imformed by Ballarat’s botanic garden.
300mm wide × 385mm minimum depth
300mm wide × 600mm minimum depth
1080mm wide × 1080mm 330mm maximum polystyrene void former
Foundation and Footing
View, Climate and Orientation In terms of orientation, the space is laid out to capture the view from the lake. The conservatory and the boy’s dormitory is situated towards the southern side of the house as they are less occupied. Living spaces are situated towards the north facing the lake for optimal solar and view access.
Due to high level of content in the ground, the suceptible nature of the silty clay necessitates footing design to be stiffer and deepenings of the footing 200mm into natural stiff clay is required.
RELEVENT REGULATIONS AS 2870 - 2011 Residential Slabs and Footings AS 3610 -1995 Formwork for Concrete AS 3600 - 2018 Concrete Structure AS 4671 - 2001 Steel Reinforcement AS 3798 - 2007 Earthworks Guidliines AS 1289 - 2017 Soil Strength AS 4654 - 2009 Waterproofing Membrane for Exterior Use AS 48001 Occupational Health and safety
Artificial Landscape The original site is relatively flat with a uniform gradient over the building. Through the design of the waffle slab system, a variation of height across the site is achieved to add interest to the design.
0
Structurally, the geotechnical properties of the site conditioned the design of the footing system. Classified as Class P (problem site according to Australian Standard AS2870-1996) due to the presence of abnormal moisture content in the soil, the options for foundation design is very limited and it is suggested that a Waffle Pod System to be used.
1
dotted line denotes original site level.
1000mm square × 500mm Pad footing are used under the area of the conservatory to support the large concentrated load of the cantilevering structure members above.
Strip footing comes in the form of edge beam and internal beam for the waffle slab.
Steel reinforcement below void formers for structural support
K I F H
E D Soil
A Setdown Slab designed for level change
1 strip of 3-L12TM 2 meters long diagonally placed for corner reinforcment
L
According to the geotechnical report, It is recommended on reactive clay soils that structures be articulated to allow for flexibility of the building in response to footing movements that may occur. This information may have dictated the architect’s decision in designing the house in a series of pavilions to facilitate articulation over a more rigid masonry construction system.
Slab Rebate to accomodate the trench grate around the perimeter of the conservatory
Steel reinforcement on top of void formers
C
B
Stiff Clay the footing needs to be founded in this layer
Elaine Xinnuan Wang | 1082365 | Mark Lam | ST17 | Construction Analysis|Assignment 3: Flipbook Section 3D | 2020 SM2
2. Structural Systems, above ground How does the structure define the composition of architectural form and space? The choice of a combined structural system of steel and lightweight timber frames aid the realisation of the concept behind the design of Lake Wendouree House as a series of floating pavilions. While the building is completed as a single form, a sense of separation of individual space as a cluster of independently programmed boxes is achieved through hammering on the tectonic language of the cantilever.
Primary Elements
Secondary Elements
A: 200 × 100 × 5 RHS B: 260 PFC C: Fabricated 180 PFC
Bracing
L: 89 × 89 × 5 SHS 100 × 100 × 6 SHS
P: 180 × 60mm alluminium mullion
O: 75 × 35 standard plywood stud
S: 50 × 70mm ceiling batten
D: 250 PFC E: 310 UC 96 F: 300 PFC G: 450 × 63 HYSPAN
H: 2/90 × 45 MGP10 Seasoned Pine
I: 180 UB 16 J: 2/90 × 45 F7 KP Pine
V: 30 × 0.8 Tensioned Galvanised Metal Straps Nailed to plate creates a diaphram in bracing the stud walls
K: 2/90 × 45 MGP1o Pine
W: The 19mm plywood sheet cladding of the exterior also have bracing properties to the stud frames
Hanging Beam 190 × 45 MGP10
Secondary timber framing support the irregular geometry of the profile ceiling while allowing electricity through.
The timber system chosen for the second floor allows the architect to tailor the organic shape of the second floor bedrooms. The lightweight system reduce structural load supporting the cantilever design.
Noggings are fixed at either side of the centre line to prevent buckling of the long stud wall members.
The large steel members supporting the ground floor allows for a large span which facilitates a sense of lightness in structure. This is especially evident in the section of the conservatory where there is a minimum vertical structural member carrying weight. This allows for a level of transparency to be achieved in defining the boundaries between the courtyard and the interior. Achieved through the design of the structure. the conservatory is thus assigned the characteristics of a transitional space between the inside and the outside in accordance with the architect’s vision.
Cantilever 1: 450 × 63 Hyspan (an LVL element) spaning across 300 PFC
Cantilever 2: 250 PFC spaning across 310 UC
Vertical Mmeber: 200 × 100 × 5 Rectangle Hollow Section Columns used to support the cantilever
0
1
Welded to the vertical structural elements of the steel columns (180 PFC) , the kitchen bench is able to achieve a cantilevering visual effect as if the bench is floating above the conservatory ground.
19mm marine grade plywood sheet used to support exterior cladding also have a dual funtion in bracing the lateral movement of the house.
K
T
Ridgebeam supported on 2/90 × 45 Timber Double Stud
I
V O H
Yellow tongue floorboards act as safe-fooring for the workers while brace the floor joist against lateral movement.
N M G
AS 1684.4 2010 Residential Timber Construction AS 4100 Steel Structures Code AS 4671 Steel reinforcement AS 3750 Painting - corrosion protection
D
F B
RELEVENT REGULATIONS
U
E
A
Q C L
Elaine Xinnuan Wang | 1082365 | Mark Lam | ST17 | Construction Analysis|Assignment 3: Flipbook Section 3D| 2020 SM2
3. Internal (non-load bearing) partitions
Ground Floor
How do the internal partitions organise the life inside the building?
Frameless Glass Pivot Door mark invisible boundary between the interior and the exterior
.
First Floor
Framless Glass Pivot Door integrating with the louvre window system.
Tasmanian oak framed door
Plasterboard cladding to timber stud 120mm Bradford Soundscreen Plus Thermal insulation in between with an R-value of 3.2 . Provides barrier against sight, noise and heat enclosing privacy to the boy’s dormitory
concealed glazing channel set into joinery of tasmanian oak fram
The spatial arrangement for the Lake Wendouree House is organised in accordance with the architect’s concept of interconnected garden pavillions. While the ground floor of the house boost a sense of openess and the boundaries between different spaces are often blurred, the partition for space on the upper level enclose smaller and more private space directly mirroring the form of the exterior layout.
Non-load bearing partition acts as a barrier for heat, sight and noise enclosing privacy for the boy’s dormitory.
Plasterboard partitions also demarcate space for the installation of joinery as storage place.
.
The architect want to design the bedroom space for the client’s children maintaining a sense of individuality to each room. This is achieved through the non-linear placement of the internal partitions granting a sense of spatial difference to the otherwise similarly sized room. The internal partition also allowed space for a corridor which extends into the larger open space of the upstair living room and connects to the service area of the toilets, dividing and directing the transition between the personal and private space to a shared area in the house.
Due to the light weight structural system, the internal non-load bearing walls are minimunly reinforced.
partition marks transitional space between the private and the shared space of the house
Tasmanian Oak Frame Door In terms of movable partition, the frameless pivot door is designed to merge with the overall aesthtic of the louvre system, allowing seamless transition and access between the kitchen, thecourtyard and the conservatory soace
E
C
The kitchen bench, extending into the kitchen and terminating in the dinning room also acts as an important dividor of space in Lake Wendouree House, denoting a sense of interconnectedness between these open living spaces thus directing the occupant’s utility of these spaces.
RELEVENT REGULATIONS AS 1288 Glass AS 1684.4 2010 Residential Timber Construction
0
1
Frameless Glass Pivot Door integrating with the louvre window system
D A
B
Elaine Xinnuan Wang | 1082365 | Mark Lam | ST17 | Construction Analysis|Assignment 3: Flipbook Section 3D | 2020 SM2
4. Environmental Protections
Water / Moisture Control
Airtightness
How did the architect approach the design of environmental protections? Do the elevations express or hide environmental protections?
Insect protecion
D:Vapour barrier 0.2mm Polyethylene on 50mm sand to prevent water
Acoustic
from infiltrating into the concrete slab
25mm Bradord sound lag acoustic foam applied to internal stormwater drains, sewer and downpipe allows for acoustic lagging.
A: Colourbond Ultra 0.6mm thick Box Gutter concealed by parapet B: ACO K100 Sloping drain C: 100mm diameter zinc downpipe
The Lake Wendouree House is designed to hide its enviromental protections. Waterproofing mechanisms are detailed to be hidden within the building envelope or buried underground, even those that exposed to view are designed to merge with the external cladding system. Similarly, thermal protections are also designed to be hidden with batt insulation installed in between the timber trusses and wall cavities. There is no visible eave and shading is achieved mainly through the instalation of internal blinds and the cantilevering design of the upper storey extending into the courtyard to shelter the ground floor space below.
Cantilevering second storey acts as overhand sheltering the conservatory beneath
E： Level 1 ceiling: 120mm Bradford Soundscreen Plus (R-value 3) Roof and ceiling: Bradford Gold ceiling batts + Bradford anticon Roof Blanket (R-value 4.1)
Duport Tyvek Home wrap used for both wall and ceiling provides a consistent membrane across the entire building envelope to prevent unwanted water and air leakage into the wall cavity
Zinc claddding panel rolled into standing seam to prevent water penetration in between panels
The conservatory is considered as a semi-outdoor space thus not detailed to be airtight. Classified as a domestic wet area as according to AS 3740-2010, trench grate and drains are designed to discharge water as suited to the room’s utility.
External: 120mm Bradford Soundscreen Plus (R-value 3.2) Internal: 88mm Bradford Soundscreen Plus (R-calue 2.5)
sealant and weathertight sealing tape are used to eliminate openings between windows, power point switches, downlights and exhaust fans
Matching zinc flashing into notch in the underside of the window sill. The skylight is flashed against the roof to prevent water penetrating.
parapet wall capping at the ridge of roof to direct water into the gutter
1: 100 Sloping fall Outside Conservatory and a minimum of 100mm fall around all slab edge to ensure water does not pond or flow up against the house and the slab ‘ACO’ Home Drain Plus internal trench grate lined the edge of the conservatory to discharge the water needed for the indoor plants
0
1
low-e grade Viridian ThermoTech IGU Grade A safety glass Double glazed to reduce thermal transfer through conduction
Weathering / Climate Damage
The built-in joinery in the dormitory provides an additional layer to building envelope reducing heat transfer through conduction. may also function as an internal eave redirecting the angle of the sun.
Double lock standing seam of the zinc cladding creates a capilary break to prevent water from entering the cavity.
Epoxy coated dowel bars are used as steel reinforcement in the concrete cast for the trench grate to prevent water corroding the steel bars over time. All exposed galvanised steel is coated in Dulux Ferreko Paint as a measure of weather protection agasint corrosion. All exposed steelwork are required to be hot dipped and galvanised .
Box gutter collects rain water and transfer to downpipe
Heat Transfer
A
All exposed timber elements are treated in accordance with AS 1604. They are coated with Timber preservatice to protect from weathering.
External Downpipe round 100mm in diameter extends from the cantilever to meet the ground. as the only waterproofing component that is visible on the south elevation. The downpipe directs rainwater through the onsite stormwater drain to be collected in a bladder tank installed underground on the northern side of the property.
E
C
RELEVENT REGULATIONS AS 3999 - 2015 Bulk Thermal Insulation AS 3740-2010 Waterproofing of Domestic Wet Areas AS 4859.1 - 2002 Materials for Thermal Insulation AS 4564 - 2012 Waterproofing Membrane for External Use AS 1288 Glass AS 3750 Painting - corrosion protection
Bulk insulation limits thermal transfer through trapping the air minimise convection, radiation and conduction of heat through the building envelope.
subsurface drains are protected by filters and geotextiles
B D
Elaine Xinnuan Wang | 1082365 | Mark Lam | ST17 | Construction Analysis|Assignment 3: Flipbook Section 3D| 2020 SM2
5. Mechanical and electrical systems
While the hydronoic system is the main active heating system deployed in Lake Wendouree House, the conservatory and the boys dormitory are not fitted. Instead, hydronic panels are used in the rooms as ground conducted heat is less efficient in heating bedrooms,
Did the architect organise the internal spaces to place mechanical and electrical services efficiently? The services for the Lake Wendouree House is located collectively on the eastern front of the property near the cellar and below the second floor bathrooms away from the more occupied living areas. . Such set out allows for easy maintanence and are aksi considered for acoustic reasons. Wire and pipes passing through the wall cavities are connected from there to the amenities rooms which are also situated in close proximity to maximise the efficienty of service provision- less pipework is required if services of the smae function are grouped together. Furtherstill, Contractors are required to arrange for all services in the vicinity of the works, gas, telecom to be accurately located prior to the commencement of excavation during the construction stage to make sure that the services are logiclaly laid and will work in conjuction.
Ventilation mechanism is absent in this section cut. Instead, natural ventilation is deployed to maximise efficiency as well as comfort. Stack ventilation is allowed for through the inclusion of the skylight in the boy’s bedrooms. In the conservatory, operatable louvres facilitates natural intake of air. A relief air crowl serviced by fans is located in the upstairs living room as an active system releasing air promoting ventilation.
The location of the hydronic panels next to the window allows the cold air coming from the outside to be heated, creating a convection current circulating conditioned air around the room with efficiency.
Air conditioning units in the boy’s dormitory are located within the built joinery, aesthetically concealing the equipment.
Light switches are located near the room entry and at the accessible side when the swing door opens for convenience.
Double Outlet Powerpoint Located 200mm above Floor Level
Solar System The Lake Wendouree House uses a centralised invertor which is located in the service area outside the wall of the cellar. Solar collected from the PV array are converted into electricity and used to provide for the utility for the rest of the house.
Refrigeration lines and the to and return water pipes for the hydrolic panels rise in wall cavity to first wall ceiling space
RELEVENT REGULATIONS AS 3740 Waterproofing Wet Area AS 3500-2013 Plumbing and Drainage AS 3000 - 2007 Electrical Installations AS 5601 - 2004 Gas Installation AS 15018 - 2005 Generic Cabling for Home
0
1
Data cabnet towards the east of the conservatory conceals a electrical rack with switchboards, louvre control and wireless access point.
solar panel array located on the speed deck section of the roof
Connect to Hot Water System Connect to refrigerator on the second floor
Elaine Xinnuan Wang | 1082365 | Mark Lam | ST17 | Construction Analysis|Assignment 3: Flipbook Section 3D | 2020 SM2
6. Physical Enclosures systems Do the physical enclosures express aspects of the building (internal spaces, structure and materiality)? The Lake Wendouree House explores the materiality of zinc as the defining cladding of its physical enclosure on the southern facade. Taking inspiration from the boat houses near the site which seems to hover over the lake during periods of draught, the design of the physical enclosure justaposes the heavy materiality of zinc against the translucent louvre panels on the ground to achieve an interesting visual effect of the “hover”. In this sense, the physical enclosure accentuates the structural cantilever design of the house. In terms of the interior, the architect uses the language of timber to cultivate a warm and elegant material palette. The requring use of timber in the joinery, the window sill as well as the desiger furniture further imbues a sense of coherence to the overall design of the house,
Haymes Low Toxitity Ultra Premium Ceiling Paint White.
Peraway Marble
I:
E:
K:
13mm plasterboard. Water resistant to wet areas
.
B:
F: 20-40mm Pryanese sandstone random paving dry treat satin proof
.
C:
0.7mm Autumn Red Pugmento Plus VM zinc panel
0.7mm Autumn Red Pugmento Plus VM zinc panel
G: 12mm toughened laminated glass attached to 180 × 60 alluminion mullion
0.7mm Autumn Red Pugmento Plus VM zinc panel double lock standing seam 25mm high with 430mm centers to produce zero material waste
Pearl Grey Wool carpet underlayed by pyroteck soundground silent step. the materiality of the carpet have thermal benefits reducing heat loss from the floor through limiting conduction.
VM Zinc sheet spaced at 430mm centers as a calculated no waste module. The zinc cladding extends from the room to the external walls of the bedrrom. The external ceiling of the soffitt level is also finished in zinc to maintain a consistent material palette.
plasterboard walls finished in white paint creates a material contrast with the wood cladding of the joinery.
Haymes Premium 100 series Low Sheen Acrylic Paint
F the operatable louvre facade that enclose the conservatory achieves a sense of transparency facilitating a sense of lightness to this transitional space
E
I
G
D The conservatory floor is finished in pyranese stone paving laid in a random pattern which is the same finish chosen for the courtyard ouside to demarcate the area as a space in beween the inside and the outside.
0
1
RELEVENT REGULATIONS AS 3999 - 2015 Bulk Thermal Insulation AS 3740 Waterproofing Wet Area AS 4859.1 - 2002 Materials for Thermal Insulation AS 2047 -2014 Windows and External … AS 1562.1 - 1992 Design + Installation of AS 3500.1 -2003 Plumbing Drainage HB 125-2007 The Glass and Glazing … AS 4654 - 2009 Waterproofing Membrane for Exteriro Use AS / NZS 4666 - 2000 Insulation Glass Units
C A
H
B
Elaine Xinnuan Wang | 1082365 | Mark Lam | ST17 | Construction Analysis|Assignment 3: Flipbook Section 3D| 2020 SM2