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The Filipino People LESSON 1 We are the Filipino Children LET’S DISCUSS
Filipino children come from different places in the Philippines. Some of them come from Luzon. Some Filipino children come from the Visayas. Some Filipino children come from Mindanao. Filipino children may have parents who are both Filipinos. Sometimes, only one of the parents is a Filipino. The mother or father may either be American, Chinese, Japanese, or other nationalities. There are Filipinos in many different places. Some Filipino children live outside the Philippines. LET’S CHECK THIS OUT Reading, writing, and counting are important. Every Filipino child has to learn these. All children must go to school.
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LET’S KEEP IN MIND The Philippines is the home of the Filipinos. Filipino children have parents who are Filipinos. Sometimes, only one of the parents is a Filipino. The mother or father may be of different nationality. Filipino children come from Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Some Filipino children live outside the Philippines.
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LET’S REFLECT We should be thankful that we are Filipinos. We have our own country, the Philippines. LET’S WORK Shade the circle under True if a sentence tells a correct idea. Shade the circle under False if the sentence does not tell a correct idea. True or False 1. A Filipino child has parents who are both Filipinos.
2. Children born in Luzon are Filipinos.
3. A child born to American parents in the United States is a Filipino.
4. The Philippines is the home of Filipinos.
5. Filipino children live in Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.
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LESSON 2 We May Look Different, but We Are Filipinos LET’S DISCUSS We are Filipino children. We look different from each other. Our eyes, nose, hair and skin may not be the same as those of other children. However, we are Filipinos. This is how we usually look like. Some Filipinos have big round eyes. Other Filipinos have small eyes.
Some Filipinos have long and straight hair. Others have short curly hair. Some have long curly hair. Others have short straight hair.
Most Filipinos have pug noses. Others have high-bridged noses.
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Some have thick lips. Others have thin lips.
Some Filipinos have dark-skin. Others have fair complexion.
Some Filipinos are tall. Others are short.
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Filipinos have different physical characteristics. Our physical characteristics show how we look on the outside. We may look different on the outside, but we are all Filipinos. We have other Filipino brothers and sisters who have different physical characteristics. LET’S CHECK THIS OUT Did you know that many of us have brown skin? Having brown skin makes us uniquely attractive. LET’S KEEP IN MIND
We have different physical characteristics. Some of us are taller or shorter than the others. Some Filipinos have high-bridged noses. Some have pug noses. Some have short, long, curly, or straight hair Most Filipinos have brown skin. We may look different on the outside but we are all Filipinos.
LET’S REFLECT We are proud of our looks. We are proud to be Filipinos. LET’S WORK Write R on the blank if the sentence shows a right behaviour. If not, write W. _____ 1. I am happy with the way I look. _____ 2. I will laugh at my seatmate who is an Ifugao. _____ 3. I will tease a classmate with dark complexion. _____ 4. I will play with my neighbor who has short and curly hair. _____ 5. I will greet an Aeta if I see one on the street.
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LESSON 3 We Are From Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao
LET’S DISCUSS The Philippines has three big groups of islands-Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Luzon is the biggest group of islands in the Philippines. Different groups of Filipinos live in Luzon. Some of these groups are the Ilocanos, Pangasinenses, Ifugaos, Ibalois, Aetas, Pampanguenos, Tagalogs, Mangyans and Bicolanos. Visayas is the smallest island group. The Visayan islands are found in the central part of the Philippines. Some Filipinos living in the Visayas are the Warays, Cebuanos, Aklanons, Ilonggos, and Negrenses. Mindanao is the second biggest island group in the Philippines. It is located in the southern part of the Philippines. Some Filipinos in Mindanao are the Davaoeños, Surigaonons,Zamboangueños, Maranaos, Maguindanaons, Yakans, Badjaos, Tausugs, and the Lumads like the T’bolis. Bagobos, and Subanons. Majority of our Muslim Filipino brothers live in Mindanao. YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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LET’S CHECK THIS OUT Filipinos are grouped according to the native language they speak. The Ilokanos speak Ilokano. The Tagalogs speaks Tagalog. The Bicolanos speak Bikol. The Cebuanos speak Cebuano. Those from Mindanao speak Maguindanaoan.
LET’S KEEP IN MIND
The Philippines is composed of three big groups of island Luzon is the biggest island group. Mindanao is the second biggest island group. Visayas is the smallest island group.
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LET’S REFLECT We are all Filipino brothers and sisters wherever we come from. Let us live in peace with one another. LET’S WORK Write L on the blank if the province is in Luzon, V for Visayas, and M for Mindanao. ______ 1.Laguna
______ 6.Surigao
______ 2.Albay
______ 7. Leyte
______ 3.Davao
______ 8. Pampanga
______ 4.Cebu
______ 9.Zamboanga
______5.Samar
______ 10.Tarlac
LESSON 4 Our Filipino Family
LET’S FIND OUT When we say family, we always think of the father, the mother, and the children. The father is the head of the family. The mother is the “queen” of the family. The children give joy to the family.
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LET’S DISCUSS A family is composed of the father, the mother, and the child and the children. The family is a small group of people living together. The members of the family are related by birth, marriage, or adoption. The father and mother are also called parents. Parents work hard to meet the needs of the family. The brothers and sisters are also called siblings. Siblings who love and help each other give inspiration to parents. The size of the Filipino families Some families are small. The couple is a small family because they don’t have children. The parents that have only one child is also a small family. The couple that has two children is also a small family. Some families are big. Families are big if they have more than two children. Families are also considered big if some relatives live with them. These relatives may be the grandparents, uncles, and aunties who are unmarried. Small and big families have basic needs. These are food, shelter, and clothing. A small family may not spend much to meet the basic needs of its members. They can live in small in a smaller house. They can spend little on water and electricity. A small family may find it easier to live comfortably. Big families mean bigger spending on food, clothing and shelter. Household chores, however, can become easier if each member of the family helps out.
LET’S CHECK OUT Filipino families are close to each other. Family members enjoy helping one another and doing a lot of things together. Filipino families enjoy reunions and regular get together activities. LET’S KEEP IN MIND A family is a small group of people living together. A typical family is composed of the father, the mother, and the children. The father and mother work hard for the family. Obedient children give joy to the family. They help in the household, too. Some Filipino families are small. Some families are big. YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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Some families are big because some relatives live with them. A small family may not spend much for their basic needs compared to big families. Household chores became easier if the members of big family help each other. LET’S WORK Draw a star on the blank if the statement is true. Draw a moon if the statement is not true. __________ 1. The members of the Filipino family are close to each other. __________2. The family is the smallest group of people living together. __________3. All families are big. __________ 4. Every family has children. __________ 5. A small family spends much on basic needs. __________ 6. The family are composed of father only. __________ 7. Shelter, foods, and clothes are the basic needs of the family. __________ 8. Disobedient children give joy to the family. They help in the household, too. __________ 9. The mother is the “queen” of the family. __________ 10. The father and mother work hard for the family.
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LESSON 5 The Needs Of Our Family LET’S DISCUSS We have basic needs in order to live. Food, clothing, and shelter are our basic needs. Other needs include medicines, electricity, and good education. We need money to meet our needs. Our family looks for ways and means to earn money. Our parents work hard. We help out by studying hard. We help do our chores. We help one another to meet our needs. FOOD
We need food to stay healthy. Fruits, vegetables, rice, and milk are good for the body. Chicken, beef, cheese, and butter keep us strong. Our body also need fish, shrimp, and other sea foods. SHELTER
A shelter or house is a place where our family lives. It protects us from the heat of the sun and from the rain. It also keeps us safe from people who may harm us. It is a place where we can sleep, eat, and have fun with our family. YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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WATER
We need water in order to live. We need to drink at least 8 glasses of water to stay healthy. Water has many uses. We need water to take a bath and keep our body clean. We wash our clothes with water. Of course, we use water to cook our food. We should not waste water. Leaking faucets have to be repaired. Let us conserve water. CLOTHES AND ACCESSORIES
We need to wear clothes. They protect our bodies from heat or cold. They also protect us from harmful objects. We also use other accessories that help to protect our body like shoes, hat, and slippers. We wear different clothes for different occasions. We also wear clothes on different kinds of weather. Shirts and shorts are worn during hot weather. They are made of light materials. We should change our clothes when we sweat. Sweat on our clothes or some parts of our body will be a breeding place for germs. Let us always keep our clothes and bodies clean. Thick clothes are usually worn during cold days. Thick clothing makes our bodies warm. They are also worn during rainy days. Thick clothes can keep us from getting soaked in the rain. Some of us wear sweaters or jackets on cold days. YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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SOME OF OUR NEEDS
We need to eat well, sleep right, and exercise to keep us healthy and strong. We take vitamins to help our bodies fight off sickness. When we get sick, we have to take medicine. We use light to study our lessons both in school and at home. Light uses electricity. We cook our food using electricity. Electricity has become expensive nowadays. People allot a big part of the family budget for monthly electrical bills. Let us save on the use of electricity.
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THE NEEDS OF A SMALL FAMILY A small family may need a small house compared to a big family. They may not spend as much on food and clothing. They spend less for school fees because they have few children. - THE NEEDS OF A BIG FAMILY A big family needs more food, clothing, and a big house. They pay more on water and electricity. They pay more tuition fees for sending more children to school. LET’S CHECK THIS OUT Did you know that rice is a major crop in the Philippines? It is our staple food. Central Luzon is the “Rice Granary” of the Philippines. It is a wide field for rice planting.
LET’S KEEP IN MIND
The basic needs of the family are food, clothing, and shelter. Some of other needs of families are water, electricity, and medicine. The needs of the family depend on the size of the family. A big family needs more food, clothing, and a bigger house. A small family does not have to spend much on food, clothing, schooling, and shelter as compared to a big family.
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LET’S REFLECT Our parents work hard to meet our needs. Let us spend our money wisely.
LET’S WORK Draw a star false.
on the blank if the statement is true. Draw X if the statement is
_______ 1. We have basic needs in order to live. _______2. A shelter is a house. _______ 3. Fruits and vegetables are good for the body. _______ 4. We use water for drinking only. _______ 5. A house keeps the family safe. _______ 6. We wear jackets on sunny days. _______ 7. We wear thick clothes on cold weather. _______ 8. We sweat on sunny days. _______ 9. A big family spends much on electricity. _______ 10. We need medicine when we get sick.
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UNITY AND COOPERATION IN THE COMMUNITY LESSON 6 Our Community
LET’S DISCUSS A community is any group of people who live in the same place. They share some things in common like language and livelihood. Our school is a community. Our neighbourhood is a community. Our barangay is a community. Families live together in a community. The total number of people living in the community is called population. The size of the community depends on its population. A community with very few families is a small community and small population. Many families live in a community has a big community and population.
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People Living In a Community There are children in the community. They belong to the young population.
The young population in the community should go to school. Their needs have to be taken care of by the adults.
There are elderlypeople in the community.
The elderly may or may not go to work. Some of them stay at home most of the time. Many people find ways to earn money. They belong to the working population of the community
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LET’S CHECK THIS OUT Did you know that Filipinos are hardworking and resourceful? They earn a living through many ways. LET’S KEEP IN MIND
A community is any group of people living in the same place. Families live together in a community. Population is the total number of people living in a community. The population is small if there are few families living in a community. A community with big population has more families living in it. Families living in the community meet their needs by working.
LET’S REFLECT We are the young members of the community. It is our duty to study hard and help our parents. LET’S WORK Encircle the letter of the correct answer. 1. A group of people living in the same place is called a. country b. community c. city
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2. The total number of people living in a community is called a. group b. population c. ancestors
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3. When there are more families living in a community, the population is a. small b. big c. unknown YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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4. The young population includes a. the elderly b. children c. adults
LESSON 7
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Our Different Communities
LET’S DISCUSS There are different kinds of communities in our country. Different families live in different communities. Find out the kind of community where your family lives. Urban Communities Towns and cities are urban communities. People live in different kinds of houses in urban communities. Some live in condominiums and townhouses. Some live in bungalows in subdivisions.
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Some urban communities are crowded. People live very near each other in these places.
There are buildings and shops in towns and cities.
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There are hospitals, churches, marketplaces, malls, restaurants, hotels, schools, and banks. The government offices are in town or city halls.
There are more streets in towns and cities. Most of them are made of concrete. People have different kinds of work in towns and cities. Some work in offices, hospitals, schools and banks. Some run their own businesses. Others work in factories, in shops or in the streets.
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Rural Communities Farms are rural communities. People who live in these communities are mostly farmers. They plant rice and other crops. Life in the rural areas is simple. There are no big department stores, restaurants, and hotels in rural communities. A barrio is an example of a rural community.
Villagers near rivers and seas are also rural communities. These are called fishing communities. People living here are mostly fisherfolks. They earn a living through fishing.
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Some people live near the mountain. Gold and precious stones are used in making fine jewelry.
There are also loggers in some rural communities. They cut down trees for lumber. They also plant trees to replace what they cut.
People in urban areas get supply of fish, seafoods, farm products, gems, precious stones, and lumber from the rural communities. Filipinos in the urban and rural communities help each other. YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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LET’S CHECK THIS OUT Did you know that about half of the population of the Philippines belong to the urban communities? LET’S KEEP IN MIND There are urban and rural communities in the Philippines. Towns and cities are urban communities. Farms, fishing village, and mountain areas are rural communities LET’S REFLECT People living in different communities work together to make their lives better. LET’S WORK Write T on the blank if the statement is true. Write F if the statement is false. 1. The people living in the city usually work in office, schools, and shops. 2. Makati is an urban community. 3. More people live in the barrio than in the city. 4. Fisherfolks live in urban communities. 5. Rice grown in the farm. 6. Mountain areas are urban communities. 7. Most streets in towns and cities are made of concrete. 8. There are more buildings in urban communities than rural communities. 9. Gold is mined in mountain areas. 10. Government offices are found in towns and cities.
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LESSON 8
We Have Unity and Cooperation
LET’S DISCUSS Our home
Our home is part of the community. We can show unity and cooperation at home. Helping at home
We can do many things at home. We can help clean the house. We can water the plants, wash the dishes, and take care of our younger siblings. We can also help mother or father prepare our meals. We have unity and cooperation at home when we work together. Work becomes easier when we help one another. We find joy in doing things as one family. YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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Mother and father help each other
Mother does a lot of things for our family. She works hard to meet our needs. She takes good care of us and the household. Some mothers also work to help earn money for the family. Father does a lot of things for our family, too. He works for a living and helps around the house. He cleans the house like mother. He cooks our meals sometimes. Our mother and father do a lot of things. Both of them take good care of us. They can do almost the same things for the family. We children can help our parents by being obedient. We should study hard so the money they spend is not wasted. A good education prepares us for the future. The school
Our school is also part of the community. We can show unity and cooperation in school. YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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Helping in school
There are lots of ways we can help in school. We can keep our classroom clean. We should put our things in the right place. We should pick up trash that we see around the school campus. We should throw our litter in the trash can. We can help take care of the plants in school. Let us not pick flowers or destroy the plants. We can work together to keep our school clean and safe for everyone. Our barangay
Our barangay is a community. We can show cooperation and unity in the barangay.
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Helping in the barangay
We can help in our barangay. We can plant young trees to help keep our surroundings green and minimize pollution. Let us support the clean-up campaign of the barangay. We can work with our neighbors in projects for the community. We should help in keeping our barangay peaceful, safe, and orderly. Let us follow traffic rules and regulations. We should report problems in the neighborhood to the barangay officials. We can participate in programs during fiestas and other events. Let us help maintain unity and cooperation in the community. LET’S CHECK THIS OUT
Filipinos are known for helping others without asking for something in return. This is called the “bayanihan spirit.” This is a good example of unity and cooperation. YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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LET’S KEEP IN MIND
We need unity and cooperation at home, in school, and in the community. The members of the family should be united for the good of all. Men and women can do the same things. We can finish projects successfully if we cooperate with one another. Working together and helping one another can make work easy.
LET’S REFLECT We need one another. Each one is important in the community. LET’S WORK If the statement is true, write T on the blank. Write F if the statement is false.
1. Work can be done easily when we unite and cooperate. 2. Only men can do a lot of things. 3. Women can do things that are usually done by men. 4. A clean and peaceful community makes people happy. 5. Washing and ironing clothes can be done by men and women. 6. There is unity and cooperation in school when pupils work together and help one another. 7. When people cooperate, there is unity. 8. Some mothers work to help earn money for the family. 9. People work together for the good of our home, school, and community. 10. A dirty community is a healthy place to live in.
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LESSON 9 We Practice Our Faith LET’S DISCUSS We have strong faith in God. Many of us go to church to attend Mass or religious services with our families. Others go to the mosque to praise Allah. We take time to worship God and practice our faith. We show that we are united in our beliefs. Roman Catholic
Most Filipinos are Roman Catholics. They believe in only one God who is the Giver of life. They also believe that God has three persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Roman Catholics believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God. His mother is the Blessed Virgin Mary. For Catholics, Jesus became man to save the world from sins. The Pope is the leader of the Roman Catholic Church. The priest leads the Catholics in the Holy Mass.
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Iglesia ni Cristo
The Iglesiani Cristo (INC) is another religious group in the Philippines. The INC has many members here and abroad. Their leader is called a minister. They go to church twice a week. Members of INC follow their duties and obligations sincerely. Protestant
Some Filipinos are Protestants. Protestantism is another religion in our country. There are Protestants all over the world. Their church leader is called a pastor. They follow Biblical Christianity. The Protestants meet together on Sundays for worship. They listen to their pastor who teaches them the Word of God. They sing worship songs as well.
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Jehovah’s Witness
The Jehovah’s Witness is another religious group of some Filipinos. Jehovah is God’s biblical name. Members of this group believe in Jehovah and in the Bible. They visit families to explain to them the Word of God as written in the Bible. They regularly worship Jehovah. Aglipayan
Other Filipinos are members of the Aglipayan church. They are called Aglipayans. Their leader is called a priest. Unlike the Catholic priest the Aglipayan priest can marry. Their priest also celebrates the Mass. Aglipayans regularly come to church to worship God.
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Seventh-day Adventist
The Seventh-day Adventist is another religious group of some Filipinos. The members of this group are called Sabadistas. They go to church every Saturday to praise and worship God. Their leader is called a pastor. Islam
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Islam is the religion of the Muslim Filipinos. Allah is the God of the Muslims. Their place of worship is called mosque. This is where they praise and worship Allah. They call their spiritual leader Imam. How religion affects our life We learn many things from the teachings of our religion. Our religion teaches us to love and worship God. We learn to pray for ourselves and others. Religion teaches us to think about what is right and wrong. We learn to behave properly. We also learn to get along well with our fellow brothers and sisters. We learn to love them like we love ourselves. We learn to help the poor and the victims of calamities. Our religion teaches us to respect and accept others whatever their beliefs may be. LET’S CHECK THIS OUT
Did you know that 8 out of 10 Filipinos are Roman Catholics? LET’S KEEP IN MIND
Filipinos are united in their faith. Filipinos have different religions. We should respect the religion of other people. We put into practice the good things we learn from our religion.
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LET’S REFLECT We are all the same in the eyes of God. We should love and respect one another. LET’S WORK Which are the right ways of practicing your religion? Underline them. 1. I go to church every Sunday. 2. I listen to the Word of God. 3. I pray in our place of worship. 4. I eat inside the church while listening to the homily. 5. I teach my friend how to make the sign of the cross. 6. I pray for the poor. 7. I laugh at a blind person in church. 8. I leave before the mass or church service is finished. 9. I respect other people’s faith. 10. I obey my parents. THIS IS OUR COUNTRY, THE PHILIPPINES LESSON 10 Our Country Is Part of the World LET’S DISCUSS The globe
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It is round like a ball. The globe is a scale model of the Earth. It is a model of the world we live in. Our country, the Philippines, is part of the world. It is located in Asia. Asia is a continent. A continent is a big mass of land. We can see other countries on the globe. Can you name some of them? Using directions
When we talk of directions, we use words such as left, right, above, under, beside, and below. Directions help us locate things and places easily. On the globe, we can find the Philippines below Taiwan and above Brunei and Indonesia, It is found on the right of Vietnam. Taiwan, Brunei, Indonesia and Vietnam are countries in Asia.
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The primary directions
These are four primary directions. These are east (E), west (W), north (N), and south (S). The map
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A map is a flat representation of an area. The world map is an example of a map. The Philippines is surrounded by bodies of water. The Pacific Ocean is found at the east of the Philippines. The South China Sea is located at the west and the Celebes Sea is found at the south of the Philippines. LET’S CHECK THIS OUT The Philippines has 7,107 big and small islands. These islands make our country an archipelago. An archipelago is a group of islands. LET’S KEEP IN MIND The globe is a scale model of the world. Our country, the Philippines, is part of the world. It is part of the continent of Asia. A map is a flat representation of an area. We can find different countries in the globe and in the map. Big and small bodies of water surround the Philippines. The four primary directions are north (N), east (E), west (W), and south (S). LET’S REFLECT We must be thankful for having our country, the Philippines. LET’S WORK Write T on the blank if the sentence is true. Write F if it is false. 1. The globe is like a ball. 2. The Philippines is outside the world. 3. Our country is located in the continent of Asia. 4. Vietnam is found at the west of the Philippines. 5. Taiwan is found at the south of the Philippines. 6. Luzon is the smallest island group in the country. 7. The Philippines is surrounded by small and big bodies of water. 8. The Philippines is an archipelago. 9. The sun rises in the east. 10. The sun sets in the west. LESSON 11Our Landforms LET’S DISCUSS YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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We can see different landforms in the Philippines. Landforms are natural features of the earth. Let us look at some of them. PLAIN
A plain is a wide flat land. This vast land is often used for planting rice, crops, and trees. Many of our food come from plants, trees, and crops. We can also build houses and buildings on a plain. Most places in Bulacan, Pampanga, and Tarlac are plains. PLATEAU
A plateau is a level land found in a high place. Plants and trees grow on a plateau. Some animals also live in this high land. The Bukidnon Plateau is an example of this landform. MOUNTAIN AND MOUNTAIN RANGE
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A mountain is a very high landmass. The Philippines has many mountains. Some examples of them are Mount Apo in Mindanao, Mount Arayat in Luzon, and mount Manunggal in Visayas. There are usually many tall trees in the mountains. Loggers cut trees for lumber. They also plant young trees to replace the ones that they cut. Lumber is used for constructing buildings and houses. We use lumber for making furniture like tables, chairs, and cabinets. Miners can get precious stones and minerals like gold from the mountains. A chain of mountains is called mountain range. The Sierra Madre is an example of a mountain range. It spans from Cagayan to Quezon Province.
HILL
A hill is smaller and lower than a mountain. Crops and fruit trees are planted on the hillsides. Some examples of crops are corn, sweet potatoes, and potatoes. Farmers usually tend their cows, goats, and other farm animals on the hills. These animals eat grasses that grow there. The Chocolate Hills in Bohol is a famous example of this landform.
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VOLCANO
A volcano is a mountain with a hole on its top. This hole is called crater. Volcanoes may erupt. During an eruption, lava, hot rocks, and smoke come out of the volcano’s crater. Volcanologists are scientists who study volcanoes. They regularly check on the activities of a volcano. When a volcano is about to erupt, people living near the area are advised to leave their houses. They have to transfer to safer places. Plants can be grown around a volcano. The soil near a volcano is rich in minerals. Volcanoes can make the soil fertile. VALLEY
A valley is a low and often flat land between hills and mountains. Some people live in valleys. Farmers can plant different crops here like garlic, onions, peanuts, turnips, sweet potatoes, and other root crops. They also plant rice and vegetables. Farm animals like ducks, hens, turkeys, and goats and are also raised in the valley. The Cagayan Valley is one of the famous valleys in the Philippines.
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ISLAND
An island is a piece of land surrounded by water. Our country has many island. The Hundred Island in Pangasinanare examples of this landform. People live in some of the big islands. The smaller islands disappear during high tide. A group of island is an archipelago. The Philippines is an archipelago. We have to take care of our landforms. Most of our food products come from these lands. Our houses and buildings use materials that come from our mountains. The livelihood of many Filipino depend on the land. LET’S CHECK THIS OUT Did you know that the Philippines has minerals like gold. Mining is a major industry in our country. We should take care of our mining resources. LET’S KEEP IN MIND Our country has different landforms. Some of our landforms are plains, mountains, mountain ranges, plateaus, valleys, hills, volcanoes, and islands. We get many things that we need from these landforms. We have to take care of our landforms.
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LET’S WORK A.
Write the landform that is described in each number. Write your answer on the lines before the number.
valley
mountain
_____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________
LESSON 2
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
plain
plateau volcano
It is a flat land. It is higher than a hill. It is a low land between two mountains. It is lower than a mountain. It is a high level land. It is a mountain with a crater on top.
Our Bodies Of Water
LET’S DISCUSS There are different bodies of water in the Philippines. We have oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, waterfalls, streams, and springs. These bodies of water provide us with our needs from day to day. We get fishes from rivers and seas. We get precious pearls from seas. We also get corals from oceans and seas. OCEAN
This is an ocean. It has salty water. It is the largest body of water. Big boats and ships sail across the ocean. These big ships can bring people, animals, and things to places in the country. These ships can also go to the countries outside the Philippines. The Pacific Ocean is the nearest ocean to the Philippines. YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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SEA
The sea is a large body of water. Sea water is salty. The sea is smaller and not as deep as the ocean. Fisherfolks catch fish, shrimps, shells, squids, and oysters from the sea. Pearls are also found in the sea. They are made into jewelries like rings, earrings, bracelets, and necklace. Some examples of this body of water are the Philippine Sea, Luzon Sea, Sulu Sea, and Bohol Sea. BAY
A bay is partly surrounded by land and connects to the sea. Bay water is not as deep as the sea. The Manila Bay is one of the most popular bays in the Philippines. Big boats and ships dock at Manila Bay. Some people like to go to this place early in the morning to get fresh air. Some go in the afternoon to watch the sunset.
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WATERFALL
A waterfall is another body of water. Its water is not salty. It has fresh water. A waterfall flows from a high place. The water from the falls flows to the river. A big waterfall has a strong water flow. The Maria Cristina Falls in Mindanao is an example of this big waterfall. It is the source of electricity for some places in Mindanao.
LAKE
A lake is a body of water surrounded by land. It has fresh water like the waterfalls. The Laguna Lake is the biggest lake in the Philippines. Fisherfolks catch different kinds of fish in this lake. RIVER
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A river is a body of fresh water. Water from the mountains goes to the river. Water from the river often flows all the way to the sea. We can get many things from the river. Fisherfolks catch freshwater fish, clams, and shrimps from the river. The Cagayan River in Luzon is the longest river in the Philippines. Another famous river is the Pasig River in Metro Manila. STREAM
A stream is a small body of fresh water. It is smaller than a river. It is usually shallow. We can wash clothes in a stream. Many children enjoy bathing in a stream because of its clean water. Stream water is also used to water nearby plants. Animals drink from a stream and take a bath there too. SPRING
Fresh spring water comes from the ground. Water from the spring can be cold or hot. It is believed that water from hot springs can cure somebody pains. We should help preserve our bodies of water. We should dump our trash in rivers and streams. We need water in order to live. Wehave to keep the sources of water clean for us and the future generation.
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LET’S CHECK THIS OUT One of the finest and most beautiful shells in the world is found in the Philippine seas. It is called Conusgloriamaris. It is one of the rarest shells in the world. LET’S KEEP IN MIND
The Philippines has different bodies of water. These bodies of water provide us our needs. We get many things from them like fish, sea animals, and plants. Some examples of bodies of water are oceans, seas, bays, rivers, streams, waterfalls, lakes, and springs.
LET’S WORK A. Write the body of water that is being described.
sea waterfall
stream river
ocean lake
1. It is a body of water where the water flows from a high place. It can be a source of electricity because of the strong force of the water. _____________________________________________________
2. It is a large body of water. Its water is not as deep as the ocean. We get pearls in this body of water.
3. It is a small body of water. The water from the mountains flows into it. Its water flows into the sea. We can get fish and shrimps from this body of water. YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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_____________________________________________________ 4. It is smaller than a river and has shallow water. Some animals drink water from it. Some wash clothes in this body of water. _____________________________________________________ 5. It is a body of water surrounded by land. Fisherfolks catch different kinds of fish from it. ___________________________________________________
LESSON 3
Our National Symbols
LET’S DISCUSS We identify with our country through our national symbols. We must respect these symbols to show our love for our country.
This is the Philippine Flag. It has a white triangle, a blue field on top, and a red field below. At the center of the triangle is the sun. There is one star on each of the tree corners. The stars represent the three islands – Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. The white triangle stands for equality and brotherhood among all Filipinos. The blue part of the flag symbolizes peace. The red part symbolizes patriotism. Patriotism means love of country. YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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The eight rays of the sun honors the eight provinces that fought the Spaniards for our freedom. These provinces are Manila, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac, Pampanga, Bulacan, Cavite, Batangas, and Laguna.
‘’Lupang Hinirang’’
“ Lupang Hinirang” is our national anthem. We sing it during a flag ceremony. Julian Felipe composed its music. Its lyrics were based on the Spanish poem “Filipinas” by Jose Palma. Dr. Jose Potacio Rizal is our national hero. He wrote many stories, poems, and other writings about our country and the Filipino people. Dr. Jose Rizal is also an eye doctor, a map maker, an architect, sa scientist, a painter, a sculptor, and a linguist. YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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Filipino is our national language. Most of us speak Filipino. Our language is taught in all levels in all Philippines school.
BARONG TAGALOG
BARO’T SAYA
The barong Tagalog is the national costume ror men. The baro’t saya is the national costume for women. Many women nowadays use the barong Tagalog fabric for dresses.
Carinosa is our national dance. The word carinosa means “affectionate” and “lovable”
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Sampaguita is our national flower. It has small white petals and a nice sweet smell. We use sampaguita garlands on special occations like graduation day.
Arnis is our national sport. Players use wooden sticks made of yantok.
Our national fish is bangus or milkfish. The milkfish has silvery white scales and milky white meat.
The carabao is our national animal. It is called as the “farmer’s” best friend”. It helps the farmer in plowing the fields.
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The Philippine eagle is our national bird. We call it Haribon. It is a short name for Haring ibon or “king of birds”. The Haribon is in endangered species. It means there are a few of them left. They might become extinct soon.
The narra is our national tree. It is a hard wood that is commonly made into furniture.
The mango is our national fruit. It is heart – shaped and has a sweet taste when ripe.
Our national leaf is anahaw. The anahaw leaf can be made into a fan, a hat, or an umbrella.
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LET’S CHECK THIS OUT Did you know that our national house is the nipa hut? The nipa hut is a symbol of theresourcefulness of Filipinos. It is made of bamboo and nipa. These materials are found almost everywhere in the country. They are inexpensive, too. The nipa hut is a comfortable house to live in especially during summer.
NIPA HUT LET’S KEEP IN MIND There are things that symbolize our country. These national symbols help us identify with our country and surroundings. LET’S WORK A. Write T on the blank if the sentence is true. Write F if it is false. ________ 1. The song “Bayan Ko” is sung every morning during the flag raising ceremony. ________ 2. Carinosa is a national dance performed by a boy and a girl. ________ 3. The coconut is our national tree. ________ 4. The nipa hut is usually made of bamboo and grass. ________ 5. The carabao is a hardworking animal. ________ 6. Haribon is a short name for haring ibon. ________ 7. The sampaguita flowers are stringed together to make garlands. ________ 8. The anahaw leaf is very useful. ________ 9. We speak Filipino in school. ________ 10. Narra is a kind of hard wood. YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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LESSON 4
OUR RIGHTS AS FILIPINO CHILDREN
LET’S DISCUSS Rights are things that we must have because we are human beings. All of us have rights. These rights are protected by our families, the school, and the community. We need rights to live well.
We as Filipino children have our own rights to enjoys. We have the right to be born, to have a name and nationality. We have the right to have a family who will love and care for us. We have the right to live in a peaceful and safe community. We have the right to have food and a healthy and active body. Our body needs food and exercise in order to be healthy. We have the right to have good education. We need to go to school to learn how to read, write and count. In school, we will learn to develop our talents. We have the right to have fun and leisure. We as children should live an enjoyable life. We have the right to be protected and be safe. Our parents should provide us with a safe place to live in. We have the right to grow with goood manners. Using polite expressions must be part of our everyday life. We have the rightto express ourselves freely. We have to be polite every time we do this.
LET’S CHECK THIS OUT The government provides for free education for school children in the grade school levels. These are called public schools. We have a total of forty three thousand, two hundred sixty-seven ( 43,267 ) public shools for the schoolyear 2010.
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I FEEL A. Described your feeling about the following situations. Write the letter on the blank. A – angry S – sad H – happy ________ 1. When your friends call you by your name. ________ 2. When you see a child begging for food. ________ 3. When others shout at you for not doing the right thing. ________ 4. When the doctor treats you when you are sick. ________ 5. When you spend your free time playing with your friends. ________ 6. When you mother spanks you. ________ 7. When you are forbidden to go to school. ________ 8. When your parents take you to school. ________ 9. When you see a little girl talking back to her mother. ________ 10.When your older sibling takes care of you.
LESSON 5
OUR DUTIES AS FILIPINO CHILDREN
LET’S DISCUSS Duties are things that we do as members of a community. Members of a community are also called citizens. Responsibilities are things that we do because we care for ourselves, our family, and our community. As Filipino children we have some duties and responsibilities to perform. We have duties and responsibilities to ourselves, to our families, to our school, and to our community. We are truly Filipino citizens if we fulfill these duties and responsibilities well. Our duties and responsibilities to ourselves One’s body is a gift from God. It is the temple of the Holy Spirit. We have to take care of our bodies. We need to keep our bodies strong and healthy. Let us eat the right kind of food to stay healthy. Let us keep our bodies clean all the time. We have to sleep at the right time. YOUNG JI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL/COLLEGE
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We have to visit the dentist and the doctor regularly. We need to be careful all the time to avoid accidents. We have to learn to use our time wisely. We should be polite to everyone, young or old. We have to share our taletnts with others. Let us do good to others.
We have to maintain discipline wherever we are at all times. Let us behave according to rules and regulations. Our duties at home We need our families to love and take care of us. Our parents and the other adult members of the family provide us withour needs. We us children have duties and responsibilities to our parents and other members of our family. We must obey house rules. We should ask permission from our parents before doing activities outside our house. It is our duty to listen to our parents and obey them. It is our duty to help in the household chores. We must fix our own things. We must put them in their proper places. We need to help in providing for the needs of the family. We have to show respect and love to our parets, siblings, grandparents, and other relatives. Our duties in the school The school is a place where we study and learn many things. It is our second home. Every child has the right to go to school. The school has rules and regulations that every pupil should follow. We have to be in school on time. We must wear our proper school uniform. Wer have to observe silence and order when in line. We must respect our teachers and the other helpers in school. We must greet them in a polite way. We should be quiet in the library so as not to disturb others. We must raise our hand properly if we want to speak. When we recite, we have to make sure we are heard.
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We must respect our national flag. We must sing “Lupang Hinirang” with pride. We must recite “Panatang Makabayan” properly. We must always keep our school grounds clean. Let us pick up the litter we see around the campus. Let us throw them properly in the garbage can. We must show concern for our classmates. We must help those who are in need. We must observe order in the canteen. We have to clean up after eating. We must be considerate of other people’s properties. Surrender to the authorities the things that we find in classroom or in the school campus. Our duties in the community We need a clean and healthy community. It is our duty and responsibility to keep our community a safe place for everyone. There are also rules and regulations in the community that need to be followed by everyone. We should make our surroundinds clean. We must obey traffic laws. We have to know and respect the officials in our community. We have to obey community signs. Keep off the grass and doo not pick flowers in the parks. It is our duty to clean the trash in front of our house. We must show respect and love for our country. We must stand at attention when the Philippine national anthem is being played. We should buy Filipino – made products.
LET’S CHECK THIS OUT We Filipinos are generous and kind people. We give and share to the poor. We show our concern for our fellow Filipinos. This way, we perform our duty to our community.
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LET’S WORK A. Write yes on the blank if the statement shows a right behavior. If not, write no. Children should‌.. _________ 1. Laugh at he mistake of their mother. _________ 2. Obey their parents. _________ 3. Keep their body clean and healthy. _________ 4. Brush their teeth at least twice a day. _________ 5. Study their lesson well. _________ 6. Obey traffic rules once in a while. _________ 7. Sleep, eat, and play onlt at home. _________ 8. Respect their grandparents. _________ 9. Buy only the things that are made from other countries. _________ 10. Keep their surroundings clean. B. Classify these duties and responsilities. Write O on the blank if it is a duty or responsibility to oneself, H for home, S for school, and C for the community. ________ 1. Take a bath everyday. ________ 2. Study to get good grades. ________ 3. Obey the traffic aide. ________ 4. Be polite to the elderly. ________ 5. Participate in the clean and green project of the barangay. ________ 6. See your doctor and dentist regularly. ________ 7. Finish your school project. ________ 8. Do household chores. ________ 9. Sleep at the right time. ________10. Ask permission from your teacher when you need to go to the comfort room.
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