Architecture Portfolio - Razvan Zamfira by Zamfira Razvan

From Matter to Dark Matter A personal approach to Architectur

â&#x20AC;&#x153;If you really want to change the city, or want a real struggle, a r require re-engaging with things like public planning for example, or re-engaging with government, or re-engaging with a large-scale I think thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s where the real struggles lie, that we re-engage with these structures these institutions, this horrible complex â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s where it becomes really inter Wouter Vanstiphout, interview with Ror

PERSONAL INFORMATION Razvan C.P Zamfira Name: Razvan C.P. Zamfira Address: Str. Agatha Barsescu Nr. 16, 031484 Bucharest (Romania) Birth Date: 21/06/1988 Nationality: Romanian

Mobile: +40724021719 Skype: zamfira.razvan Yahoo: razvanz1988 google chat: razvan.zamfira E-mail: razvan.zamfira@gmail.com

URBAN PLANNING

ARCHITECTURE

GRAPHIC DESIGN

URBAN RESEARCH

Architecture projects Diploma Project - Creative Mixed-Use & Neighbourhood Regeneration Wind Tower - Sustainability Driven Design

pg. 6 pg. 20

Pavilion designs Comana Forest Land Art Pavilions

pg. 28

Pallet Picnik Space

pg. 32

Participatory Urban Planning Poiala lui Iocan NGO: Consultation Methods and Mobile Cunsultation Pavilions

pg. 36

Strategic design & urban planning Trent Basin Brownfield Redevelopment Strategy

pg. 44

Targu Jiu - Brancusi Heroes Crossing Statuary Ensemble - heritage protected area redevelopment and modernisation

pg. 52

Galati 2050 - The Future City

pg. 58

Research Unfolding Bucharest

pg. 61

Light Industry

Live/Work

Showroom/Retail Business Incubator

housing

retail

M ĂTA S E A P O P U L A R Ă Creative Mixed-Use & Neighborhood Regeneration

MĂTASEA POPULARĂ

Traian Area, Bucharest light industry

co-working space

Creative Industry Incubators as a source for local socio-economic growth creative industries categories

1.1

1.2

Traditional cultural expressions

Cultural sites Archaeological sites, museums, libraries, exhibitions, etc.

Heritage

Arts and crafts, festivals and celebrations

Visual arts

30 - 40 years age group

Omnipresent

Policy dimension

Live music, theatre, dance, opera, circus, puppetry, etc.

innovation based business profile

1.3

Education, work, leisure and entertainment

Economic, technological, cultural and social policies

Performing arts

Paintings, sculptures, photography and antiques

development dimension of the creative economy

easely disrupted by economic fluctuation

they depend on a larger value chain to obtain profit

Multidisciplinary

Arts

small number of employees (3 - 10)

highly trained

lack of entrepreneurship skills

Culture, labor, trade, technology,

Publishing and printed media

Audiovisuals

Creative industries

Books, press and other publications

Film, television, radio, other broadcasting

Public and private sectors, all social classes, profit and non-profit NGOs

Anthropological/ aesthetic, ethnic and cultural diversity

New media

Design

Software, video games, digitalized creative content

Interior, graphic, fashion, jewelery and toys

Society-inclusive

Cultural/ Historical values

Media

Intertemporal Past traditions, present technologies, future vision

Functional creations

Creative services Architectural, advertising, creative R&D, cultural & recreational

Creative-industry value chain

1.4

education, tourism

PRODUCTION

CREATION

RETAIL & CONSUMPTION

DISTRIBUTION

Initial site structures and proposed functions RP

building D - live/work

building C - light industry

building B - showroom

building A - co-working space

CORP A

CORP B

surface area: ground floor - 2.360 m2 1st floor - 1.700 m2 2nd floor - 1.700 m2

bearing structure: ocalizare:- planșeu B.A cu rezemare pe stâlpi și grinzi TESĂTORIE CENTRALĂ TERMICĂ - structură mixtă - cadre și diafragme

construction year: 1975

surface area: ground floor - 1.200 m2

surface area: ground floor - 695 m2

1st floor - 354 m2 (ţesătorie - 245 m2, punct termic - 108 m2) localizare: 2nd floor - 354 m2 (ţesătorie - 245 m2, punct termic - 108 m2) 3rd floor - 254 m2 (ţesătorie - 245 m2) basement - 108 m2 (punct termic)

1st floor - 1.200 m2 localizare: 2nd floor - 1.200 m2 3rd floor - 1.200 m2 basement - 1.200 m2

1st floor - 695 m2 (imprimerie 490 m2, ateliere anexe - 205 m2) localizare: 2nd floor - 695 m2 (imprimerie 490 m2, ateliere anexe - 205 m2)

bearing structure TESĂTORIE - planșeu B.A rezemat pe grinzi de cadru

bearing structure:

bearing structure IMPRIMERIE - planșeu B.A rezemat pe grinzi de cadru

(imprimerie 490 m2, ateliere anexe - 205 m2)

TOTAL: 2.085 m2

planșeu B.A rezemat pe grinzi de cadru

ATELIERE ANEXE - planșeu B.A rezemat pe grinzi de cadru

CENTRALĂ TERMICĂ - planșeu B.A rezemat pe pereţi și grinzi HALE FINISAJ - structură metalică tip shed

construction year: 1928

construction year: 1960

0.4684

23.5391

surface area: ground floor - 1.836 m2

construction year: 1937

0.5224 1.9922

18.2897 2.0425

+10.96

ARIE = 418 m2

2.0422

0.9883

25.4251

0.9883

25.4251

2.9750

1.3000

2.7500

1.5000

1.0000

1.5000

1.0000

3.0000

7.9231

0.6500

1.5000

1.2000

1.5000

ARIE = 15 m2

4.1000

1.3000

3.2500

1.3000

ÎNCLEIAT ARIE = 112 m2

ARIE = 20 m2

2.7000

0.4408 1.3000

0.8000

3.3750

2.4000

3.3750

1.6342

1.5000

2.9732

5.7000

2.1000

1.2000 1.3750

1.3750 0.5000

3.3500 1.8000

1.8000

5.0000

2.4500 0.6000 1.9900

0.9400

6.3776

2.3052

1.4000

0.8000

3.2500

2.7000

0.8400

1.0000 0.2200

1.4800 0.8400

2.7000 16.5683

3.2500

2.7000

0.8000

ATELIER MECANIC ARIE = 180 m2

0.4408

3.6400

1.3000

0.8000

3.3750

1.6342 2.9732

2.9732

2.1000

1.3750 0.5000

0.5000

5.0000

2.4500 0.7648 1.6000

0.9883

1.6000

3.5800

3.3500

7.2000

1.4000

1.8000

0.6000 1.9900

0.9400

7.2000

1.4000

2.3052

1.4000

5.0000

2.4500 0.7648 1.6000

0.6000 1.9900

1.8000

3.3000

1.0000

3.3500

12.8000

2.1000

ARIE = 1090 m2 1.8000

7.7000

0.2000

1.8000

SECŢIUNE B-B'

0.2000

FAŢADĂ EST

SECŢIUNE A-A'

0.2000

5.7000

1.2500

3.4000

1.8000

0.9400

7.2000

1.4000

2.3052

1.4000

0.7648 1.6000

1.8000

3.3500

2.1000

1.2500

12.8000

2.1000

3.3500

2.1000

3.3500

1.2500

12.8000

2.1000

3.3500

2.1000

1.2000 1.2500

1.8000

3.3500

15.0625

0.2000

1.2500

0.2000

2.4000

3.3500

1.8000

0.2000

0.2000 46.8750

46.8750

26.9027

IMPRIMERIE ARIE = 460 m2

2.1000

3.3500

IMPRIMERIE ARIE = 460 m2

3.3500

2.1000

1.2500

26.9027

IMPRIMERIE ARIE = 460 m2

2.1000

1.2500

1.8000

1.8000 8.6000

2.7000 16.5683

1.8000

7.7000

3.6400

3.3500

3.4000

0.2000

1.4800 0.8400

0.8000

0.4408

0.3992

1.0000 0.2200 3.5800

ATELIER MECANIC ARIE = 180 m2

4.1000

1.5000

1.9924

vestiar femei

atelier tamplarie

1.2000

1.5000

11.4000

6.3776

birou sef sectie

1.5000

2.0424 6.3018 6.4000

2.7000 16.5683

birou mecanic sef

1.5000

1.2000

ARIE = 64 m2

1.5000

ARIE = 64 m2

1.5000

3.6400

atelier desen

0.8400

ATELIER MECANIC ARIE = 180 m2

6.3776

atelier corectat sabloane

vestiar barbati

1.4800

1.6250 0.3502

atelier foto sabloane

laborator

3.5800

2.7000

2.0329

atelier intins sabloane

0.8400

1.0000 0.2200

3.7500

2.0518

2.9750

1.6000

0.8400

2.0424 19.20286.1367

25.4251

2.9750

1.6000

6.4000

0.6500 2.0000

2.7000 1.6250

2.0424

6.3025

8.6000

0.2000

ARIE = 1622 m2

1.8000

0.2000

3.3500

ARIE = 1622 m2

1.8000 0.2000

0.2000

3.6000

2.1000

0.9000 2.1000

3.0000

6.6000

0.3000 2.1000

0.9000 2.1000

2.1000 0.9000

0.9000 2.1000

0.9015 2.1000

0.8985 2.1000

0.9000 2.1000

3.0000

0.9000 2.1000

2.1000

1.0077

3.3500

1.2500

3.0000

0.2000

3.0000

3.3500

0.2000

2.1000

3.3500

2.1000

1.2500

PLAN PARTER SC. 1:200

+9.55 1.8000

1.8000

54.2676

3.5577 2.1000

78.7077

1.8000

2.1000

1.2500

54.2676 1.8000

1.8000

3.3500

2.1000

3.3500

1.2500

2.1000

3.3500

2.1000

0.2000

0.2000 8.6000

8.6000

1.2500

1.8000

1.2500

0.2000

2.7316

3.3500

1.8000

2.1000

3.3500

2.1000

0.2000

2.4000 0.9636 0.6000

1.2500

1.8000

1.8000 0.2000

0.2000

0.5288 0.6000

5.7000

1.2000 3.3500

0.5288 0.6000

1.8000

2.1000

3.3500

2.1000

0.5288 0.6000

1.8000 0.2000

0.2000

1.2500

7.7000

0.2000

1.8000

1.8750

1.8000 0.2000

6.0526 1.8000

1.8750

3.4000

9.8738

ARIE = 40 m2

1.8000

3.3500 6.0526

15.0625

1.0000

5.7000

1.2000

2.1000

ARIE = 1090 m2

3.3500

1.2500

3.3500

0.2000 1.8000

6.0000

0.2000 1.8000

6.0000

0.2000 1.8000

6.0000

0.2000 1.8000

6.0000

0.2000 1.8000

6.0000

0.2000 1.8000

6.0000

0.2000 1.8000

1.9000

1.5000

1.9750

2.6000

1.8750

5.9000

1.8000

0.2000 1.8000

6.0000

0.2000 1.8000

6.0000

0.2000 1.8000

6.0000

0.2000 1.8000

6.0000

0.2000 1.8000

6.0000

0.2000 1.8000

6.0000

0.2000 1.8000

1.9000

6.0000

1.5000

2.6000

SECŢIUNE D-D'

5.9000

3.3500

FAŢADĂ VEST

2.1000

3.3500

2.4000

1.6400 49.7750

49.7750

1.7100

4.0150

2.1000

0.9000 2.1000

3.0000

6.6000

0.3000 2.1000

0.9000 2.1000

2.1000 0.9000

0.9000 2.1000

3.0000

0.9015 2.1000

0.8985 2.1000

0.9000 2.1000

3.0000

0.9000 2.1000

1.0077 6.8000

3.0000

1.4000

PLAN ETAJ CURENT Sc. 1:200

3.3500

1.6400

1.7100

1.4400

6.8000

1.4000

2.1000

1.6400

1.7100

4.0150

1.4400

6.8000

1.4000

3.5577 9.6000

PLAN PARTER Sc. 1:200

2.1000

1.2500

2.1000

4.0150

1.4400

3.6000

3.0000

2.1000

3.3500

2.1000

1.2500

plan etaj 1

1.8000

1.2500

2.1000

1.2500 1.9750

3.3500

2.1000

plan etaj 2

3.3000

3.4000

1.8750

1.2500

PLAN ETAJ CURENT SC. 1:200 +16.34

+16.34

+14.76

9.6000

PLAN PARTER SC. 1:200

78.7077

PLAN ETAJ 1 SC. 1:200

PLAN ETAJ 2 SC. 1:200

+11.86

+8.50

+12.60

+11.90

+10.73

+12.60

+11.90

+11.00

+7.83 +7.88

+6.70

+9.55

+7.88 +7.00

+7.00

+3.80 +3.85

+2.85

+3.85 +3.15

+3.15

+0.00

-1.50

+0.00

FAŢADĂ NORD

SECŢIUNE C-C'

FAŢADĂ EST SC. 1:200

SECŢIUNE B-B’ SC. 1:200

SECŢIUNE A-A’ SC. 1:200

Development Time-line

Low Ri se H ou sin g

Undefined Space Temporary Use and Events for Place-making

Closing the Chain Prototyping and Light Industry - a place where state of the art technology can help bring to life new ideas by rapid prototyping and experimentation

Existing High-Rise Housing

Existing High-Rise Housing Existing High-Rise Housing

- a new space to diffuse innovation and debate new ideas with the local public

Existing High-Rise Housing

Showcasing Innovation

ite the s

- Organic redevelopment with all stakeholders - combining world ambitions with local ambitions and values

Light Industry

Alternative Public Space

Retail /Showcase Creative Industry Incubator Marketing & Development

to link ct re di

Live/Make rental housing

A Incubator for Local Business

-n o

Project Actor-Network Analysis existing connections new connections

Architect - Strategic Designer Public - Private Partnership Law

Bucharest City Hall

Creative Industries Fund NL

SEMACON current owner

Private Sector Developers Bucharest 2035 Development Strategy

UNDP EC - BIC

Central Bucharest Integrated Strategy

Anchor Group - real-estate developer -

International Organizations Micro-Entrepreneur

Public Sector

GEA Strategy & Consulting

Business Incubator

Bucharest District 2 Municipality

Ministry for Research & Develop.

Higher Education Institutions

Home Owners National Art College Associations

Organizations in the field of economics Center for Culture Related Research Academy for Economic Studies

Institute for National Economy

Romanian Office for Copyright

Classification:

Type:

Legislation Location

RoGBC

Polytechnic University of Bucharest

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Ion Mincuâ&#x20AC;? Architecture Urban Planning University

MicroEntrepreneurial Agency for Programs & Projects

Organization

Institution

Logistics

Politics

Environment

Knowledge

Industry

Potential Clients

Funding

2nd PHASE - Diploma Project traditional office building

Buildings proposed for redevelopment

30 years const assessment for a traditional office building Main focus on reducing initial building costs and adding as much office space as possible.

Showroom/Retail

Business Incubator

employee salary and benefit costs

85%

initial construction costs

12%

operation and maintenance costs

relationship between different building functional areas

traditional office building

building A

building B

issues:

offices leisure conference

1 6

co-working space

30 years cost assessment for a traditional office building Focus on improving employs efficiency by creating hi-quality recreation and meeting areas that blur the lines between office and public space

1 2

removal of the north vertical circulation removal of the existing boiler room due to its state of disrepair the introduction of two new skylights the addition of a new wing used as a training area

5 6 7 8

removal of the exterior elevator removal of the existing ground floor partitioning in order to allow pedestrian access to the site the addition of small retail spaces in the newly developed public space the addition of a double skin facade for energy efficiency purposes and solar protection

employee salary and benefit costs

85%

initial construction costs

12%

operation and maintenance costs

relationship between different building functional areas

co-working space

3 3

offices lounge hobby room restaurant

conference

leisure

B’

ground floor 1

entrance atrium

information center

235 m2

restaurant

253 m2

320 m2

4 kitchen

215 m2

launge

340 m2

main vertical circulation

vertical circulation

90 m2

vertical circulation

62 m2

vertical circulation

257 m2

restaurant

72 m2

12 kitchen

7 9

-0.20 8

-0.20 ±0.00

-0.20 5

A’ 4

10 pers.

/ 800 Kg 10 pers.

/ 800 Kg

±0.00 6

-0.20

G F

E 1

C’

±0.00

9 11 10

-0.50

10 10

10'

11'

12'

16'

13'

30 m2 5 x 30 + 2 x 68 m2

15'

10 showrooms

71 m2

14'

building B

building A

MAP KEY

B’

1st floor plan 13 co-working space nr. 1

396 m2

14 co-working space nr. 2

396 m2

15 multifunctional classroom 16 classroom

249 m2

18 main vertical circulation

71 m2

19 vertical circulation

90 m2

20 vertical circulation

62 m2

21 vertical circulation

30 m2

22 management unit

241 m2

23 restaurant

137 m2

-0.20

d plan

sc. 1:5

±0.00

+4.75

detaile

-0.20 5

±0.00

A’ 4

10 pers.

/ 800 Kg 10 pers.

+4.75

/ 800 Kg

±0.00

18 2

-0.20 G F

E 1

D C

+3.40

B D'

C’

+3.98 21

se ot

o let h

rp se

o let

u up

.00 00 0 0,0

building B

103 m2 50 m2

17 hobby area

building A

MAP KEY

B’

2nd floor plan 24 marketing & distribution

867 m2

25 multifunctional classroom nr. 2

248 m2

26 multifunctional classroom nr. 3

165 m2

27 main vertical circulation

62 m2

30 vertical circulation

30 m2

31 management unit

241 m2

32 restaurant

137 m2

±0.00 +9.25 +9.25

+4.75

hotel

presupueshotel

$200,000.00

A’

10 pers.

+4.75

/ 800 Kg 10 pers.

/ 800 Kg

+9.25 +9.25

27 2

24 G F

E 1

D C

hotel

$200,000.00

presupuest

+6.55

C’

30 presupuest

hotel

$200,000.00

hotel

+7.96

building B

71 m2 90 m2

28 vertical circulation 29 vertical circulation

building A

MAP KEY

+16.40

+15.16 +14.32 +13.47

+10.40 +9.55

+4.75

+0.00

east elevation SC 1.200

+16.40 +15.16 +14.32 +13.47

+10.40 +9.55

+4.75

+0.00

west elevation SC 1.200

+16.40

+15.16 +14.32 +13.47

+10.40 +9.55

+4.75

+0.00

section A - Aâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; SC 1.100

15'

14'

13'

12'

11'

10'

section C

+16.40

+14.32 +13.47

+10.40 +9.55

+4.75

+0.00

1’

2’

3’

4’

section B - B’ SC 1.100

+16.40

+15.16

+14.32

+13.47

+10.40

+9.55 +9.55

+4.75

+0.00

C - C’ SC 1.100

south elevation SC 1.100

21 pers. / 1600 Kg

10 pers.

/ 800 Kg 10 pers.

10 pers.

/ 800 Kg

/ 800 Kg 10 pers.

/ 800 Kg

10 pers.

E D

G F

E D C

C B A

parking level 1 sc. 1:200

par

sort tabla aluminiu

traversa perete cortina

detail 3

membrana hidroizolanta 2 straturi bitum lipite ploistiren extrudat cu falturi 12cm bariera de vapori _ folie polietilena atic beton armat 15cm tabla aluminiu termoizolatie vata minerala semi-rigida 12cm shadow-box polistiren + caseta tabla aluminiu foaie geam securizat - opacizat (cu folie sau vopsit)

consola prindere perete cortina

2-5%

travee

consola prindere perete cortina

training area S= 178 m2 7.7 m

L = 356 cm Hp= 310 cm

L = 245 cm Hp= 40 cm

placi ipsos

strat protectie _ pietris membrana hidroizolanta 2 straturi bitum lipite ploistiren extrudat cu falturi 12cm bariera de vapori _ folie polietilena beton de panta cu aditiv de nivelare (panta 2-5%) planseu orizontal din beton armat pe cofraj pierdut de tabla cutata amprentata 17cm grinda metalica profil I cu goluri H=600, termoprotectie prin torcretare, imbracate in placi de ipsos

L = 210 cm Hp= 90 cm

L = 120 cm Hp= 50 cm

grinda metalica profil I cu goluri H=600, termoprotectie prin torcretare

+4.75 L = 345 cm Hp= 300 cm

element metalic prindere plafon suspendat

detail 2

termoizolatie - bariera anti-foc tabla inchidere - bariera anti-foc

st창lp metalic profil I

L = 330 cm Hp= 40 cm

L = 170 cm Hp= 110 cm

12 m

plafon suspendat placi perforate gips-carton tratament acustic fonoabsorbant placi semirigide de vata minerala

montant perete cortina

detailed plan sc. 1:50

detail 3 sc. 1:5 2

grilaj metalic

ventiloconvector de pardoseala

finisaj uzura - pardoseala rasini epoxidice dale prefabricate beton bariera de vapori - folie polietilena vata minerala - protectie fonica/termica sapa cu aditiv de nivelare (panta 2-5%) planseu peste subsol - beton armat termoizolatie polistiren zugraveala

detail 1

B A

grinda metalica profil I cu goluri H=600, termoprotectie prin torcretare

tabla aluminiu termoizolatie vata minerala semi-rigida 12cm shadow-box polistiren + caseta tabla aluminiu foaie geam securizat - opacizat (cu folie sau vopsit) foaie geam securizat - opacizat (cu folie sau vopsit)

rking level 2 sc 1:200

finisaj uzura - mocheta PVC sistem pardoseala - placi prefabricate elemente de sustinere punctuale sapa cu aditiv de nivelare (panta 2-5%) planseu orizontal din beton armat pe cofraj pierdut de tabla cutata amprentata 17cm grinda metalica profil I cu goluri H=600, termoprotectie prin torcretare, imbracate in placi de ipsos

plafon suspendat placi perforate gips-carton tratament acustic fonoabsorbant placi semirigide de vata minerala

capac ornament traversa perete cortina

usa glisanta din sticla in rama de aluminiu

travee sc. 1:20

detail 2 sc. 1:5

detail 1 sc. 1:5

WindTower Bucharest How can sustainability shape our built environment?

B-dul Timisoara, Bucharest Max: 37OC Min: -17OC 33 760 m2 15 040 m2 108.7 W/m2 1639 people 0.60

Location: Outdoor Temperature: Floor Area: Exterior Wall Area: Average Lighting Power: People: Exterior Window Ratio:

Annual Energy Use/Cost

Opportunities for Energy Improvement in the Early Stages of Design

Energy Use: Electricity 41% 39%

20% 80%

Location/Climate

20%

Electricity Fuel

Monthly Heating Load

HVAC Lighting Misc Equipment

Misc Equipment Light Fixtures

Building Form

Occupants Window Solar Window Conductive Underground Surroundings INT Surroundings Roofs

Systems

Walls

Envelope Use & Function

Monthly Cooling Load Misc Equipment Light Fixtures Occupants Window Solar Window Conductive Underground Surroundings INT Surroundings Roofs Walls

Embedding Location and Climate into the Design Process

Aerodynamic behavior of the design

Double-skin facade behavior

Annual Wind Rose (Frequency Distribution)

POSITIVE PRESSURE VALUES NEGATIVE PRESSURE VALUES

Wind Rose (Iun - Sep)

WIND

Facade pressurization

Pressure zones around the building

Hot and cold air transfer in the double-skin facade

441 Pa

-54 Pa

Green facade description

Sanservieria trifasciata

Epipremnum aureum

RAIN

PLANTS

Chrysalicsocarpus Lutescens

Average Annual Solar Radiation

FACADE OP

Increasing solar exposed areas WH/m2 113.1

62.2

ANNUAL AVERAGE NORTH FACADE 23.3 North Facade

South Facade

Annual Carbon Emissions 46 m2 x 23 ET = 1058 m2

SUN

1. STANDARD TOWER CONSUMPTION INDEX100

ENERGY CONSUMPTION INDEX

880 m2

metric tons/yr

4000 3000

Energy Use Net CO2

2000 1000

Energy Generation Potential

0 -1000

Electricity Consumption Fuel Consumption Net CO2

metric tons/yr

2779 283 -563

2500

21â&#x20AC;?

TOTAL: 2558 m2 = 1208 kWh/an =

-563 t CO2/yr

24 Wh/m2

5. RAINWATER HARVESTING

SOLAR RADIATION DEPENDING ON ORIENTATION WEST FACADE

EAST FACADE

SOUTH FACADE

43 Wh/m2

60 Wh/m2

106 Wh/m2

ENERGY CONSUMPTION INDEX

4. SOLAR PANELS ON AREAS WITH HIGH SOLAR RADIATION

ENERGY CONSUMPTION INDEX

3. CUSTOM SOLAR PROTECTION ACCORDING TO ORIENTATION

ENERGY CONSUMPTION INDEX

2. TILTING THE FACADE CONSUMPTION REDUCTION

ENERGY CONSUMPTION INDEX

PTIMIZATIONS IN REGARD TO SOLAR RADIATION

Comana Land Art Pavilion - Bucharest Student of the Year Competition Land Art = art movement in which landscape and the work of art are inextricably linked. The project starts from the premise that small punctual interventions can have a radical effect on local natural environment perception. The pavilion located near one of the most beautiful green areas surrounding Bucharest, uses this yet unexplored type of art practice to create a strong cultural brand for an area with high recreational potential. Objectives: - protect the area from unregulated urban development by r a i s i n g awareness and respect for its qualities; - creating a sustainable leisure site; - enhance the relationship between urban art schools and the natural surroundings.

3. 4.

Work/ Expo/ Presentation Areas

Promenade

1. 2.

Classes

Observation Tower

Exterior Expo Space

Pontoon

PALLET PICNIK SPACE TITAN PARK, BUCHAREST

COMPACT DESIGN = UNALTERED OUTDOOR EXPERIENCE

$ BRAND PROMOTION THROUGH ECO-FRIENDLY DESIGN

LOW COST UPCYCLING EXISTING MATERIALS

MODULAR DESIGN PROVIDING REDUCTION OF MATERIAL USAGE, FAST CONSTRUCTION & TRANSPORT

FAST ASSEMBLAGE AND INSTALLATION DUE TO IKEA STYLE CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEM

ECO-FRIENDLY DESIGN MADE UP OF NATURAL RECYCLED MATERIALS

PROMOTE UPCYCLING DESIGN STRATEGIES

project goals: BRAND

MATERIALS:25x wood

FUNCTIONAL MODULE

39x recycled pallets

beam

80 x 120 x 15 cm

30x woodbord

2 x 25 x 60 cm

4x polycarbonate boards

10 x 15 x 250 cm

20x wood beam 10 x 15 x 120 cm

4x selective recycling

o 1x Mobile toilet

1x Reservoir

120 x120 x 232 cm

Interior functions:

Black water 1x wash basin

Using only one single compact module for ALL picnic utilities offers substantial economies in production and installation also reducing the impact on the natural environment

600 cm

100 cm

150 cm

80 cm

240 cm

100cm

FATADE SC. 1:50

240 cm

FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE

120 cm

100 cm

720 cm

Wash Basin

Bathroom

Integrated structural system

Storage space

Roof access staircase

Covered sitting space

Selective recycling area

Functional section SC. 1:50

SUPPORTING STRUCTURE

PALLETS ARE USED AS PLANTERS

ENVELOPE SYSTEM

Preparation board

Plan SC. 1:50

Barbecue area

60 cm 60 cm

EXTERIOR WALLS

Polycarbonate cover for water protection

120 cm

Aerial plan SC. 1:50

Assemblage details

Bathroom

Selective recycling area

Covered sitting space

Gray water reservoir

Organic materials disposal

Barbecue area

Mobile Think-Tank - in the city, about the city

What?

B RO U I LT E N V I Product design and interventions in the public realm

Research and consultance on urban issues

1. The built environment - product design and interventions in the public realm; 2. Academia - research and consulting on urban issues, benefiting from the

Contact www.poianaluiiocan.org

contact@poianaluiiocan.org

facebook.com/poianaluiiocan2013 +40 0724 021 719

TI M E DIA

3. Mediation -

A D E MIA

association aims to continue the open discussion, operating on three overlapping levels:

Part think-tank, part community center and public gathering space, the pavilion set out to be a contemporary interpretation of the debating space in the Romanian novel

M E NT

The non-profit association Poiana lui Iocan was initiated following the homonymous project that took place during Street Delivery and the Bucharest Architecture Festival 2013.

Creating an interface between the professionals, the authorities and the civil society

Our Projects Participatory Games The proposed game is a participation tool for visioning and exploring different possible futures for a local area. It is a form of scenario planning, helping groups “play out” a range of possible futures with participents - a mix of policy-makers, service-providers and “community members” drawing out a set of concerns and aspirations and considering the impact and implications of their choices.

Public Consultation Starting from the idea that the urban dweller should have an input in the production of its city, Iocan’s Clearing has built a mobile office for public consultation, which ran a two week programme of activities. Through various mapping exercises the public was invited to identify forgotten spaces and has suggested possible uses them. Using indicators such as spontaneous uses of space, we have explored the needs of the dwellers from Bucharest neighbourhoods.

CARTIERE NEIGHBORHOODS

ROMANA

INTERACTIVE MAPPING Tell us about your city in three steps Submissions are anonymous and will be used to create a public database as a basis for further investigation and development of projects in Bucharest

CARTIERE NEIGHBORHOODS What would you change about your neighborhood

SPATII UITATE FORGOTTEN SPACES

ORASUL SPONTAN SPONTANEOUS CITY

How could we fill the gaps in your neighborhood

How could we fill the gaps in your neighbourhood?

SPATII UITATE FORGOTTEN SPACES

RETELE NETWORKS

Mobile Consultation Pavilions Street Delivery 2013 Poiana lui Iocan Pavilion - Bucharest Architecture Festival 2013

Banca Nationala a Romaniei | National Bank of Romania

Str

Lips

can

i|L

ipsc

ani

BRD Bank

Sinte plan - Bucharest Architecture Festival

Bucharest Architecture Festival 2013

Poiana lui Iocan Pavilion - Bucharest Architecture Festival 2013

Sinte plan - Street Delivery Bucharest

Spontaneous activations of public space in Bucharest

Debate area

Bucharest Forgotten spaces map

Are you aware of the legal background regarding public consultation?

Grinzi lemn 10x10cm, L=2.80m

Sipci verticale 2,4x4,8cm, L=1,77m

Elemente imbinare panouri 10x25x10cm, cu orificiu circular cu diametru de 5 cm

Dulap lemn 2x20cm, L=3m

Detaliu 2 Plan nr. SD004

Detaliu 1 Plan nr. SD004

Sectiuni variabile ale zonei de baza, decupate conform sablonului SD006, material placi OSB de exterior, grosimi 2,5cm

Pavilion Plan - Closed

Pavilion Plan - Open

Cuburi lemn 10x10cmx10cm , se imbina cu elementele de imbinare panouri

Talpa OSB 3 de exterior, 2x30cm, L=3m

Pavilion Module

Re ele newa ctr ble icit y

How can we r

Local seaso and nal

W as te

e us r e t Wa Public Building transport Trent Basin fabric Hea ays d i l ) hot ting an -ho tionDevelopment o c d wat E yca er (sta

Trent Basin Br

& re tu ul s ric link Ag ral ru Reclaim se and reu

Infrastru c Green t u re 1/3

ansport,car us r T 3 ea 1/ nd co

rk , Wo Live y Pla

Tr Hu ansp b ort

ding Buil 1/3

How can we reduce our energy footprint to a fair share?

ng i t mu m

Tren Basin - Nottingham Waterside

Nottingham Waterside Masterplan Housing

Shopping

NET Public Transport

Cycling paths

Aims Reduce carbon emissions due to transport Create a pedestrian and cyclist friendly environment Maintain high standards of

City Center

Reducing the need to travel

Canal

Promoting public transport

Sneinton

River

N rm al dw ell ing

Meadows C king

L ig hting Appliances

H t W ater

Heating

Car

Victoria Embankment

Trent Bridge

Park and Ride

Colwick Park

Eastcroft

D w ell ing energ y use sh w ing im p rt ance f reducing carusag e

D el ivered energ y G J y ear

1/3 Transport, car use and commuting

Green Area

West Bridgford

Main parking positioned at the border of the site (reduces on site car transit) Connection to NET public transport line

Riveran road (mainly pedestrian)

and services near the houses reduces use of cars for transportation

High-use driveways positioned at extremities of the site (reduction of in-site car transit)

Riveran car parking

Riveran road (pedestrian/car use)

Pedestrian/cycle river crossing creates a well connected waterside circuit

Green Infrastructure Deployment

Development if high-quality natural public spaces

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE ADVANTAGES

ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INVESTMENT

LAND AND PROPERTY VALUES

LABOR PRODUCTIVITY

TOURISM

PRODUCTS FROM THE LAND

HEALTH AND WELLBEING

RECREATION AND LEISURE

QUALITY OF PLACE

LAND AND BIODIVERSITY

FLOOD ALLEVIATION AND MANAGEMENT

CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION

Ve su get ha rfa ate wi ve ces d o th dir (w r o de ec he pe ep t co re n s er nt pla oil so ac nt il) t s

fs)

oo nr

ing

d uil

ith

s (w

Non-permeable road surfaces

GI Score 0.22

e gre t u

ces urfa nd s r e sa at n w g pond e p O n ludi (inc es ) l swa Build in roofs gs (with out g ) reen

Increase bio-diversity

Proposal

Incorporate high ecological value wetland landscaping into the site

Current situation

to minimize local h y d r o l o g y cal impact

es surfac water ds and n Open ing po (includ s) swale

1/3 Green Infrastructure

Aims

. fs) o ro

ith

w s(

ee gr

g oa in le r b ld i a e Bu perm n o

Vegetated or open soil N surfaces (where plants have direct contact with deeper soil) s ce fr a Semi-permeable surfaces such u es l as stone paving with joints b ea l m e er av -i p s gr m a Se ch su

GI Score 0.61

ces

rfa d su

Stormwater ponds

Agricultural lots Stormwater pond Permeable parking spaces

Pedestrian ally gravel surface

Road stormwater management

Local agricultural lots one/house

Green roofs

Green Roofs

Street stormwater system

Local orchard

Reduced non-permeable road surface Green-parking permeable grass tiles

Sports and recreational area

Living Room

Airtight construction tested to achieve 1.5 air changes per hour at 50 pascals.

Greenhouse

Passive heat recovery vent lation using a wind cowl.

Ground Floor Plan

Thermally mass ceilings, walls and floors with a minimum of 50mm dense concrete (or equivalent)

V. Circulation

Maximized daylighting to all habitable rooms & work spaces. Master Bedroom

Bathroom

Greenhouse

Bathroom

Bedroom

G r o u p i n g them together reducing to the minimum the open areas can decrease their impact on interior temperatures.

Air-tight insulated area The North side of the building was equipped with high insulation to reduce temperature exchange with the outside. This strategy ensures smaller losses of interior temperature during the cold season.

Greenhouse 1st Floor Plan

The South part of the building was designed as a passive solar collector. Hempcrete was chosen as building material due to its high t h e r m a l density and lower weight to density ratio.

Green-house

Master Bedroom

Green-house

Bedroom

Solar-gain area

Energy saving lighting throughout

Night time purge ventilation.

Vertical Circulations are one of the main factors of interior thermal losses in generic buildings.

Solar-gain area

Passive solar gain where possible

Solar shading covering 100% of the glazed aper ture at noon in summer.

Vertical Circulation Grouping

V. Circulation

Kitchen

All glazing to have overall frame & glass

V. Circulation

1/3 Buildings

Kitchen

WC V. Circulation

Superinsulated building fabric.U value of 0.1w/per/m2

Superinsulated area

Aims

Vertical Circulation Grouping

The Greenhouse designed on the south facade of the building has a double role, for its poten tial to increase solar-gain in the adjuvant area and as an all year orchard providing local vegetables and fruits to the owners.

MWh

1 0 -1

Dec Nov

Oct Sep Aug

Jul Jun May Apr Mar

-2

Feb Jan

ElecAppl HotWater Heating PV 35deg, per m2, UK Wind Turbine 2.0 kW Grid Export Wood Pellet Boiler Solar HotWater Pannels

Energy Needed and Energy Supplies 10 MWh

5 0 -5 -10 Grid

Grid Export

Air conditioning Wood Pellet Boiler Wind Turbine 2.0 kW

Solar HotWater pannels

PV 35deg, per m2, UK

Housing Module

CO2 Emissions ElecAppl

HotWater

Heating

tonnes

20%

2 150%

0 -2

TER Notiona

TER 2006

Housing Module

Annual Running Costs Energy

Service

CO2

2 0.2k

1 $k

0 -1

TER Notiona

TER 2006

Housing Module

Capital Costs Purchase

Installation 15 years payback

30 25 20 $k

Building Performance Data

Interior Solar-Gain Analysis

Energy Balance

15 10 5 0

TER Notiona

TER 2006

Housing Module

ElecAppl HotWater Heating

VISITOR MANAGEMENT 1 2

PROPOSED VISITING ROUTES PROPOSED ROAD NETWORK RESTRUCTURING FOR HEAVIER TRAFFIC LOADS PROPOSED NEW PARKING AREAS

PROPOSED VISITING ROUTS

CAR TRAFFIC FLUI

BUS CITY ACCESS LONG VISITING ROUT

SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 3 ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF POTENTIAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT POLS

SHORT VISITING ROUT

PUBLIC FACILITIES DEVELOPMENT THROUGH TOURISM

SOCIO-CULTURAL HERITAGE PROTECTION GRAPHIC BUILDING GUIDE FOR PROTECTED AREAS AROUND THE SITE ENHANCEMENT OF TRADITIONAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES

P P

TÂRGU JIU BRÂNCUȘI UNESCO HERITAGE 3

2 P

1 PEDESTRIAN UNDERPASS

PUBLIC FACILITIES DEVELOPMENT THROUGH TOURISM BRANDING STRATEGY

P A EU RT M

TARGU JIU - TOURISTIC POLL FOR THE NORTH OLTENIA REGION

VISITING ROUT

BRANDING STRATEGY

IN PO FO IN T

IDIZATION

3 TWO-WAY CAR ACCESS

ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF POTENTIAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT POLS

ONE-WAY CAR ACCESS LIMITED CAR ACCESS

4 ACTIVE FRONTS (PRE-DEVELOPMENT) HIGH POTENTIAL FRONTS (TOURISTIC ACTIVITIES) ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AREA

EN CO DL LU ES M S N

IN CE FO NT ER

B AN RAN CE D CU NT RE SI ER SE LIB AR R CH AR Y ET M HN US O EU GR M AP HI C

K GA ISS TE

AB LE LE NC OF E

AREA 02

AREA 01

E SITE MANAGEMENT PLAN

PROTECTED AREAS AROUND THE SITE

AREA 03

FAZE 1 - BRANDING AND ACTIVATION:

- DEVELOPMENT OF A PEDESTRIAN FRIENDLY REALM - UNIFYING LANDSCAPING PROPOSAL - IMPROVEMENT OF URBAN INFO PANELS - RESTRUCTURING OF CROSS AXIS CAR TRAFFIC

FAZE 1:

REFURBISHMENT OF LIBRARY PUBLIC SQUARE

UNDERGROUND PARKING

LINEAR TREE PLANTERS ALONG THE PARKING AREA

LIMITATION OF LOCAL RESTAURANTS AND TERRACES EXTENSION INTO THE PUBLIC AREAS

FAZE 2 - REFINEMENT: - REFURBISHMENT OF PUBLIC FACILITIES

IMPROVED HOTEL ENTRANCE - STREET RELATIONSHIP

NEW HOTEL PARKING ACCESS AND PARKING AREA OPTIMIZATION PEDESTRIAN CROSSING PROPOSAL

ETHNOGRAPHIC MUSEUM REFURBISHMENT. DEVELOPMENT OF OUT DOOR EXPO AREA

STANDARDIZED ADVERTISEMENT BANNERS FOR THE ADJUVANT SHOPS AND RESTAURANTS DEMOLISHING OF PROVISIONAL BUILDING IN THE AREA

FAZE 2: 1

FAZE 2:

REFURBISHMENT OF LOCAL LIBRARY AS A BRANCUSI AND ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH CENTER

FAZE 1:

FAZE 2:

RESTRUCTURING THE ENTRANCE AREA FOR THE LOCAL UNIVERSITY BETTER CONNECTIONS BETWEEN PUBLIC BUILDINGS IN THE AREA AND THE EXISTING PUBLIC SPACE RECLAIMING THE UNDERUSED AREA OF THE PARK BY REPLACING THE GRASS WITH A CLAY TREATMENT PARK PEDESTRIAN ROUTS RESTRUCTURING

HOTEL GORJ AND ADJUVANT AREA REFURBISHMENT

1 2

P P

3 2

1 5

+0.00 m

+0.90 m

P 2

HOTEL

4 FAZE 1: 1 2

FAZE 1:

RESTRUCTURING OF THE CHURCH SQUARE AND THE INTRODUCTION OF TOURISTIC INFORMATION PANELS CHURCH ARCHITECTURAL LIGHTING SCHEME

1 2

FAZE 1:

RAILWAY LANDSCAPE DESIGN AND ADDITION OF CYCLING LANES RAILWAY LEVEL CROSSING DESIGN

TOURIST BUS STATION DESIGN

CONSTRAINING VIEWS BY THE ADDITION OF GREENERY

FAZE 2: 1

BRANCUSI INFO PAVILION COMPETITION

FAZE 2: 1

RAILWAY UNDERPASS

1 3

1 1 2

2 1 1

2 2

PERSPECTIVES REQUIRING ENHANCEMENT AND PROTECTION

CENTRAL AREA PAVING MATERIALS

STREET LIGHTING DESIGN SCHEME

PAVING FOR PEDESTRIAN AREAS

PARK LIGHTING DESIGN SCHEME

SITTING AREAS PAVEMENT

Unfolding Bucharest PILOT RESEARCH - SECTOR 1

Unfolding Bucharest At first sight, it looks rather risky: to try and explain how the so-called chaos works. And moreover, to foresee the direction of that whole chaos - this is as risky as any step on unsafe ground. After 20 years of transition, Bucharest is so full of contrasts, energy disorders and collisions, that its problems could hardly be expressed properly. From illegal mansions to collapsing investments, from pirate radio stations to a political instability and various social shortcomings - everything points out to a difficult urbanity, a non-standard territory, with an unpredictable and warring progress. At a closer look on the post-socialist trend, one could notice that certain changes occur similarly in comparable cases, following an internal logic, adjusted on the way to all sorts of crises and abuses. The effervescence of the non-stop society in our Eastern cities has its own imperatives: huge energies are forced to find their own dynamics. In the absence of an urban strategy with clear rules and laws valid for all, such disparate evolution takes place following internal regulations, clearly pragmatic, without rendering the city something in return. Such self-regulated processes turn into a standard of the turbo-urbanism. The goal of the Unfolding Bucharest Project is to document this process under construction, constantly influenced by lots of factors (the social and political background, the economic evolution, the education, the specific cultural context, the opening to European contemporary values etc.) and to attempt to imagine the future of eastern cities beyond clichĂŠs, in a positive and balanced perspective, following how shortages turn into opportunities. The project started from the idea that mapping this various small, individual processes could, by their clustering in time and space, reveal a history of ongoing change and adaptation to the unstable social grounds on which the city of Bucharest stands.

Objectives: - understanding underling factors that influence Bucharest city development; - determine relations between different layers of data (economy - policy- social) and their impact on area character and quality; - determining and mapping different stages of post-communism city transformation (ex: urban sprawl) and the economical and politic climate that influenced them; - understanding how PUZ and PUD approved derogations transformed the character of an area overtime; - mapping discrepancies between PUG regulations and reality and how can these changes be controlled/integrated by future urban development strategies; - forecasting future transformations; - creating a common platform where NGOs, students and researchers can c ollaborate on city related studies;

Analysis Layers:

- PUZ and PUD documentation (Municipality) - PUG regulations (Municipality) - overtime policy changes (Municipality) - housing market price development (online real estate websites) - local and global street and area accessibility (Space Syntax - Depthmap) - general economic data (National Institute of Statistics) - population statistical data (National Institute of Statistics)

BUCHAREST MUNICIPALITY

Unfolding Bucharest EXCEL DATABASE

REAL ESTATE WEBSITES

www

DATA VISUALIZATION

DATA COLLECTION

NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR STATISTICS

INTERACTIVE INSTALLATIONS

PC/MAC

WWW

PHONE

TABLETS

SIMILAR PROJECTS WILD CITY BELGRADE

‘Wild City’ is a research into non-planned and barely regulated processes of urban transformations. Starting off from the drastic changes in the urban structure of the city of Belgrade during the 1990’s, it tries to identify the internal logic of those transformations and investigates how to describe seemingly chaotic events in a process based and systemic way. The project has been made in a collaboration of Ana Dzokic, Milica Topalovic, Marc Neelen and Ivan Kucina. It has been developed both through a research at the Berlage Institute, Postgraduate Laboratory of Architecture, and as a part of STEALTH. Cities are environments difficult to grasp in terms of their physical and spatial complexity - even more if an urban environment is undergoing dramatic reconfigurations that appear chaotic. This project inspects Belgrade, a city that during the 1990’s found itself in a turbulent condition in which many of the functions and services of the city, previously provided by

REAL TIME ROME In today’s world, wireless mobile communications devices are creating new dimensions of interconnectedness between people, places, and urban infrastructure. This ubiquitous connectivity within the urban population can be observed and interpreted in real-time, through aggregate records collected from communication networks. Real-time visualizations expose the dynamics of the contemporary city as urban systems coalesce: traces of information and communication networks, movement patterns of people and transportation systems, spatial and social usage of streets and neighborhoods. Observing the real-time city becomes a means to understanding the present and anticipating the future of urban environments. In the visualizations of Real Time Rome we synthesize data from various real-time networks to understand patterns of daily life in Rome.

http://senseable.mit.edu/realtimerome/

institutions, had to be reinvented. In that period individual initiatives replaced the city’s primary systems in domains like trade, housing production and even public services. This fast and dynamic process created hybrid systems - in which self-organized ‘solutions’ played a major role. Instead of perceiving it as 'wild' - not understandable and for that reason not approachable - this project is an attempt to make connections, establish regularities within what appeared or was commonly described as chaos. Adaptability, the potential for small-scale innovations, and the ability to re-map the city through an unpredictable distribution of programs appeared to be essential for the new urban systems. In this process the city has been acting as a machine for production of new urban forms and as generator of its own substance. The thesis is that, by extracting mechanisms of transformation processes, the strength already available in many ‘ground up’ actions of urban actors can be further used as a design strategy.

http://www.stealth.ultd.net/stealth/01_wildcity.html

Interface controls Interactive map

Unfolding Bucharest FUNCTIONS

Analysis layers

HOUSING OFFICE BUILDINGS SHOPPING

BUILT SURFACE HIGHT

_ 24

MARKET VALUE

Map controls

+ NR.OF PROJECTS/MONTH

22 20 18

Statistical data

16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 S eptember 2004 March 2005

S eptember 2005

March 2006

600k 550k 500k 450k 400k 350k 300k 250k 200k 150k 100k 50k 0k

BUILT SURFACE/MONTH

S eptember 2006

March 2007

S eptember 2007

March 2008

S eptember 2008

March 2009

S eptember 2009

March 2010

S eptember 2010

March 2011

S eptember 2011

March 2012

Timespan select

Unfolding Bucharest FUNCTIONS HOUSING OFFICE BUILDINGS SHOPPING

BUILT SURFACE HIGHT

MARKET VALUE

+ BUILT SURFACE/MONTH

600k 550k 500k 450k 400k 350k 300k 250k 200k 150k 100k 50k 0k S eptember 2004 March 2005

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

S eptember 2005

March 2006

S eptember 2006

March 2007

S eptember 2007

March 2008

S eptember 2008

March 2009

S eptember 2009

March 2010

S eptember 2010

March 2011

S eptember 2011

March 2012

Unfolding Bucharest

ADRESS: Sos. Straulesti 34 FUNCTIONS: Locuire DATE: 24 Jun. 2010 BUILT SURFACE: 37.331 m2 POT: 40% CUT: 2.8

FUNCTIONS HOUSING

MAX H: 60m SUBZONA M3

OFFICE BUILDINGS SHOPPING

BUILT SURFACE HIGHT

_ 24

MARKET VALUE

+ NR.OF PROJECTS/MONTH

22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 S eptember 2004 March 2005

20000

S eptember 2005

March 2006

S eptember 2006

March 2007

40000 60000 80000 100000 120000 140000 160000

Bucures i Noi Studio Prices Bucures i Noi 3 Room Appart.

Bucures i Noi 2 Room Appart. Price

S eptember 2007

March 2008

S eptember 2008

March 2009

S eptember 2009

March 2010

S eptember 2010

March 2011

S eptember 2011

March 2012

Thank you!