Hi, Rom I will continue the story of Sevastopol. Today, you and your family, I hope, will visit the Historical Boulevard and the famous Sevastopol's panorama So, chapter II-nd of The Sevastopol Sketches
Historic Boulevard
General Totleben, engineer - the author of the fortifications of Sevastopol
Some 100 yards south of the Panorama, there is a section of the Bastion IV where seven old cannons are seen. It was that very historical place where Leo Tolstoy , a participant of the Crimean War, started his literary career and where he wrote his "Sevastopol Sketches" during short intervals between the fighting.
4th Artillery Bastion
And it so is simple For the sake of curiosity
British
4th Artillery Bastion
During the first defense, thanks to the dominant position of the nearest town to the heights, Malakhoff Hill was the key position of the left flank of the defensive line. Here was one of eight bastions of Sevastopol, during 7 out of 11 and a half months of siege, took the brunt of the enemy.
The Panorama shows the key moment of Sevastopol siege and will be amazed at the impression as if you are among the defenders repulsing the 1st general assault of Sevastopol during the Crimean War. Panorama is superb with the sounds of cannon fire that help to imagine everyone in the heat of battle.
It's the special pride of Sevastopol people which is considered to be a unique masterpiece of battle-painting to have already won the world name. Panorama "Defense of Sevastopol of 1854-1855“ is the only in Ukraine and one of the largest panorama in the world, housed in a circular building. The object foreground (900 m2) merging seamlessly the spectacular 360-degree gigantic canvas (14 m high and 115 m in circumference).
The Panorama "Defense of Sevastopol of 1854-1855“ The Panorama is the most remarkable museum of the city. Its circular building was specially constructed for the 5000 sq. feet monumental painting depicting the battle of June 6, 1855 on the Malakhoff Hill during the Crimean War.
In 1901 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the defense of Sevastopol, it was decided to commemorate the feat of its participants on a picturesque canvas panorama. Government’s contract to perform works of art was Franz Roubaud (1856-1928), an outstanding painter of battle-pieces late XIX - early XX centuries. The Panorama was created within three years - 1901 - 1904. Having arrived in Sevastopol, he studied the historical documents, became acquainted with the places the fighting and talked with participants and eyewitnesses, and then in St. Petersburg created a thumbnail picture. The artist painted the canvas of panorama and executed all the works on its surrounding relief model in the specially built pavilion in Munich. At the same time Historical Boulevard in Sevastopol saw construction of the panorama building designed by the military engineer F. Enberg with assistance of an architect V. Feldman. The panorama was opened on May 14, 1905 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the heroic defence of Sevastopol. One of the first visitors were veterans of the battle of Sevastopol, which surprised and touched for certain generic events.
Franz Roubaud
The defence of Sevastopol lasted for 349 days, but the panorama highlights events of its only one day — June 6 (18), 1855, when the defenders of Sevastopol successfully repelled the attack of French and British troops on the Korabelnaya Storona (Ships Side).
Huge canvas of panorama with its moor than 4000 human figures, three dimensional relief model featuring defence fortifications and guns, special lightning equipment are skillfully combined to create the effect of "being present� on the Malakhov Hill at the most critical moment of the battle of.
A diameter of Panorama building is 36 m, and height is 36 m too. Classical 2-columns portal, revetted with inkerman's stone, is decorated at the top by elements of the military decor: soldier's Georgiy cross is entwined by Georgiy's ribbon; at the centre - figure "349", the number of days of a Defense.
1905
1944
The Second World War II June 25, 1942. During the attack of Nazi air and artillery fire began to burn the building Panorama.
June 25, 1942 during the bombing and shelling of the building panoramas were a bomb. Burned with a painting. The fight to save the picture lasted about two hours. Only the heroic efforts sailors and soldiers who rushed to the fire, was possible to rescue 86 separate parts of the image. At night, June 27 surviving fragments of the works were put on the last ship to break into the besieged city the leader destroyer "Tashkent". On board is also housed 2000 people - the wounded, women and children. In the extremely difficult conditions, under the incessant bombing of Nazi aircraft crew, led by its commander V. Eroshenko able to deliver a valuable cargo and people in Novorossiysk. But the holds, where the fragments of paintings were flooded. Special Commission found that the rescued two-thirds of the picture area of 1116 m ², but the state of his paintings was not possible restoration.
The postwar years brought up the issue of the panorama revival. Taking into account the condition of the saved fragments experts made a decision to repaint the panorama on a new canvas. The group of seventeen Moscow’s artists headed by the academicians of painting V.Yakovlev (l893—1953) and then, after his death, by P. Sokolov-Skalya (1899-1961) was to face this challenge. The painters, as well as F. Roubaud, worked for about three years. At the same time panorama building was raised front ruins with improved equipment and interiors.
October 16, 1954 for the 100th anniversary of the heroic defense the Panorama was reopened under a new title "Defense of Sevastopol in 1854-1855."
In 1974 in outside niches of a building there were added the marble sculptural portraits of the admirals V. Kornilov, P. Nakhimov, V. Istomin, A. Panfilov, F. Novosilsky, captain 1-st rank G. Butakov, general S. Khrulev, staff-captain A. Melnikov, the sailors Peter Koshka and Ignatiy Shevchenko, Dasha Sevastopolskaya (Darja Mikhailova, the 'Russian Florence Nightingale'), Doctor N. Pirogov, the great surgeon, and Leo Tolstoy, one of Russia's greatest authors, the author of "Sevastopol Stories" (aka "The Sevastopol Sketches" or "Sevastolpolskye Rasskazi").
Admiral V. Istomin
Admiral P. Nakhimov
staff-captain A. Melnikov
Leo Tolstoy
Dasha Sevastopolskaya
Doctor N. Pirogov
And now some fragments of the Panorama
Admiral V. Kornilov
Sailor Ignatiy Shevchenko
The Panorama viewing occurs from this viewing point And further on a circle
A view of the "Valley of the Shadow of Death" near Sevastopol, taken by Roger Fenton in March 1855. It was so named by soldiers because of the number of cannon balls that landed there, falling short of their target, during the siege.
I’m finished my story. In a separate file I send you a panoramic picture to view the program for photos and pictures.
This is a part of collection of anchors, which was found in the bays of Sevastopol
to be continued