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qdjk cif;udk umv pnf;urf; owfrw S cf suf r&Sad yr,fh w&m;r aMumif;t& pGq J kjd cif;udkawmh rlykid fciG hf azmufzsufonfh aeYrS 3 ESpt f wGi;f pGJqdk&rnfvkdY jy|mef;xm;&Syd gw,f/ Edkiif w H kid ;f Edkiif w H kid ;f rSm udk,yf kid f rlykid cf iG hf Oya'awG&o dS vdk Edkiif w H um vdkuef musio hf k;H MuwJh Edkiif w H um rlykid cf iG hf oabm wl pmcsKyfawGvnf; trsm;tjym; &Syd gw,f/ t"dutusqHk; rlydkicf Gifhqkdi&f m tzGJUtpnf;BuD;uawmh ukvor*¾ vuf atmufcH () vdkYac:wJh tzGJUBuD; jzpfygw,f/ qGpZf mvefEkid if ?H *seD AD mNrKdUrSm XmecsKyf xm;&Syd gw,f/ urÇmwpf0rS ;f vH;k rSm ]]ÓmPypön;f }} umuG,af pmifah &Smufa&;udk Edkiif t H csi;f csi;f yl;aygif; aqmif &Gujf cif;jzifh jr§ihw f if&efqkdwJh &nf&G,cf sufeJY zGJUpnf;xm;wm jzpfygw,f/ 1997 ck? azazmf0g&Dv 20&ufaeYtxd yg0if vufrSwfa&;xdk;xm;wJh EdkifiHaygif; 161 EdkifiH &Syd gw,f/ vlom;wdkY ÓPf&nf tpGrf;tponf tEkynmvkyif ef; tm;vHk;ESihf wDxiG frItm;vHk;\ t&if;tjrpf jzpfonf/ þvkyif ef;rsm;onf vljzpf&usK;d eyfapaom b0twGuf tmrcHcsuf jzpfonf/ tEkynmvuf&mrsm;ESihf wDxGirf I rsm;udk umuG,af pmifah &Smuf&eftwGuf 0g,r pdkux f kwf í tmrcHcsufay;&efrSm EdkifiHawmf\ wm0ef jzpfonf/ 0Dydk () u csrSwfxm;wJh oabmxm;aqmifyk'f jzpfygw,f/  vdaYk c:wJh ]]ÓPypön;f }} qd& k mrSm ESprf sK;d ESppf m;yg0ifw,fvv kYd nf; 0Dyku d owfrw S x f m;ygw,f/ (1) pufrIypön;f ydki;f qdkif&m wDxGirf Irsm;? trSwfwHqdyf rsm;? pufrI'DZdki;f rsm;/ 

 

(2) rlykid fcGihq f dki&f m pmay? *Dw? tEkynm? "mwfyHkynm ESifh ½kyfjrifoHMum; vkyfief;rsm;/ 0Dyu kd kd pwifzUJGpnf;cJw h mu 1967 ck *sLvdik f 14 pawmh[rk ;f oabmwlncD suf vufrw S af &;xd;k cJch sed u f jzpfygw,f/ 1970 ckESprf Sm pwiftouf0ifcJhygw,f/ 0Dyk&d JU tajccHuawmh 1883 ck? yJ&pf oabmwlnDcsuf jzpfwJh pufrIypönf; umuG,fapmifah &Smufa&; oabmwlnD csuef JY qGpZf mvefEkid fiH? bef;NrKdUrSm usif;ycJhwJh 1886 ck? pmayESifh tEkynmvkyfief;rsm; umuG,fapmifha&Smufa&; oabmwlnDcsufwdkY jzpfygw,f/ 1974 ckESpf a&mufawmh 0Dydk[m ukvor*¾&JU vufatmufcHtzGJUtpnf;wpfck tjzpf owfrSwfjcif;cH&ygw,f/ 0DykdtzGJUxJukd ukvor*¾ tzGJU0ifEkid if Hwkid f; yg0ifEdkifyg w,f/ 1967 ck pawmh[krf; oabmnDcsu?f 1971 ck yJ&pfoabmwlncD suef JY bef;oabmwlnDcsurf sm;udk oabm wl axmufcaH Mumif; vufrw S af &;xdk;wJh Edkiif Hwdki;f tzGJU0if tjzpf todtrSwjf yKcH&ygw,f/



 

        pmayeJY tEkynmvkyif ef;rsm; rlykid cf Gihf umuG,af pmifh a&Smufa&;twGuf urÇmvkH;qdki&f m oabmwlnDcsuw f pf&yf tjzpf tapmqkH;ay:xGufvmwmuawmh 1886ck ESpf bef; oabmwlnDcsuf jzpfygw,f/ 1886 ckEpS f qGpZf mvefEikd if H bef;NrKUd rmS usi;f ywJh nDvmcH u a&;qGJ jy|mef;cJw h mjzpfvkYd bef;oabmwlnDcsuv f kYd ac:qdk cJhwm jzpfygw,f/ 1896ck yJ&pfnv D mcHeYJ 1908 ck bmvif nDvmcHwdkYrSm xyfrHjyifqifcJhygw,f/ 1914 ckESprf Sm bef; NrKdUawmfrmS tjynfhtpkH wifoGi;f cJhygw,f/ 1928 ck Oa&my nDvmcH? 1948 ck b&yfq,fnDvmcH? 1967ck pawmh[kr;f nDvmcHeJY 1971 ck yJ&pfnDvmcHwdkYrSm xyfrH jyifqifcJMh uyg ao;w,f/ 1979 ckEpS rf mS vnf; xyfrjH znfph u G jf yifqifrrI sm; vkyyf gao;w,f/ 1997 ck? rwf 2&ufaeYtxd oabmwl vufrSwf a&;xdk;cJhwJh Edkiif Haygif; 121 EdkifiH &Sdygw,f/ oabmwlnDcsufudk vufrSwfa&;xdk;xm;ayr,fhvdkY oufqkid &f m Edik if ?H tpd;k & 'grSr[kwf vTwaf wmfrsm;u twnf 

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

 

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

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               

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

     þoabmwlnDcsuf usiho f Hk;aom Edkiif Hrsm;onf rdrw d kYd EdkifiHtwGi;f &Sd pmayESihf tEkynmvuf&mrsm;udk zefwD;aom ynm&Siw f kdY\ tcGit hf a&;udk umuG,af pmifah &Smuf&eftwGuf zGJUpnf;xm;onfh or*¾wGif yg0ifMuonf/ umuG,af pmihaf &Smufjcif;jyKonfh vkyfief;rsm;rSm (1) pmayESifh tEkynmvkyfief;rsm; (2) owfrw S cf su&f &Sd ef vdktyfrI &Sad umif;&SEd kid o f nfh t&mrsm; (3) qifyh mG ;vkyif ef;rsm; (4) w&m;0if pmudk,rf sm; (5) pkpnf;wifjycsufrsm; (6) umuG ,f a pmih f a &S m uf &ef w m0ef E S if h tusKd ;aus;Zl; cHpm;olrsm; (7) toHk;cstEkynmESifh pufrI'DZkid f;rsm; (8) owif;rsm; ponfwkdY jzpfMuonf/ (1) pmayESihf tEkynmvkyif ef;rsm;[laom azmfjycsuf wGif pmay? odyyHÜ nmESihf tEkynme,fy,frS xkwv f kycf o hJ rQ t&mtm;vHk; rnfonfh yHkp?H rnfonfh oP²mefjzifh &Sdonf jzpfap yg0ifMuonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh pmtkyrf sm;? vufurf; aMumfjim pm&Gufrsm;ESifh tjcm;pmrsm;? oifMum;ydkYcscsurf sm;? rdecYf eG ;f rsm;? w&m;a[majymcsurf sm;ESihf tjcm;tvm;wl vkyif ef; rsm;? obif? ZmwfEiS hf Zmwf0ifoDcsi;f *Dwrsm;? toHrxGuf bJ trlt&moufoufjzifh o½kyaf zmfujyonfh  

 

rsm;twGuf zefwD;xm;onfh aw;*DwESifh tjcm; azsmfajzrI rsm;? pum;vH;k ygaom odw Yk nf;r[kwf pum;vH;k rygaom *Dw zGJUpnf;rIrsm;? ½ky&f Siyf nmvkyif ef;rsm;ESihf ½ky&f Sifynmvkyfief; uJhodkYaom enf;vrf;pOfjzihf azmfjyxm;aom vkyif ef;rsm;? yHq k v JG uf&mrsm;? yef;csv D uf&mrsm;? Adou k m? yef;yk? ½kyx f iG ;f ESihf yHkESdyv f uf&mrsm;? "mwfyHkvkyif ef;rsm;ESihf "mwfyHkvkyif ef;uJhokYd aom enf;vrf;pOfjzifh azmfjyxm;aom vkyif ef;rsm;? toHk;cs tEkynm vkyif ef;rsm;? o½kyfazmfyHkrsm;? ajryHkrsm;? pDrHudef; rsm;? puufcsyf rkH sm;? yx0D0ifbmom&yfqikd &f m yHpk rH sm;ESihf jzpfap?

Adokumynm&yfqdkif&m yHkrsm;ESifhjzpfap? yx0Dajrjyif taetxm;jy ajryHkrsm;ESifhjzpfap? odyyHÜ nm&yfqkid &f m yHkrsm; ESifh jzpfap qufET,fvsu&f Sdaom oHk;zufjrif vuf&mrsm; ponfwdkY jzpfonf/ (2) wpfpHkwpf&maom ½kyfj'yfyHkpHjzifh owfrSwfxm;jcif; r&Scd JhvQif a,bk,svuf&mrsm;? odkYwnf;r[kwf trsK;d tpm; owfrSwf cGjJ cm;xm;aom vuf&mrsm;tm; umuG,f apmifh a&SmufrIay;&ef odkYwnf;r[kwf ray;&efqdkonfrSm Edkiif H wpfckcsif;pDu Oya'jzifh owfrSwf jy|mef;ay;&rnfhupd ö jzpfonf/ (3) pmay? odkYr[kwf tEkynm vuf&mrsm;ESihf aw;*Dw rsm;tm; bmomjyefjcif;? rSD;jirf;jyKjcif;? tjcm;enf; jyKjyif ajymif;vJjcif; ponfwkdYwGif rl&if;vkyif ef;\ rlykid cf Gihu f pd öukd xdcku d jf cif; r&Sad pbJ rl&if;vuf&mtjzpf umuG,f apmifh a&SmufrI ay;&rnf/ (4) Oya'jyKa&;? tkycf sKyfa&;ESihf w&m;pD&ifa&; oabm vu©Pmaqmifaom tpdk;&pmtkyfpmwrf;rsm;ESifh ,if; 



tqdkyg pmtkyfpmwrf; bmomjyefrsm;tm; umuG,f apmihf a&SmufrI jyK? rjyK qdkonfrSm Edkiif Hwpfckcsif;pDu Oya'jzifh owfrSwf jy|mef;ay;&rnfhudpö jzpfonf/ (5) pG,pf ku H sr;f ? pmayñGeaYf ygif;usr;f ponfwu Ykd ho J akYd om pmay? odkYr[kwf tEkynmvuf&mrsm;onf pkpnf;azmfjy&m wGif yg0ifaomtaMumif;t&mrsm;tm; a&G;cs,jf cif;? pdppf jcif; ponft h aMumif;rsm;aMumifh ÓPzefqif;rIrsm;wGif tyg t0if jzpfonf/ pkpnf;xm;rIwGif yg0ifaom vuf&mwpfck csi;f pD\ rlydkifcGihfudk xdckdufjcif;r&SdapbJ ÓPzefqif;rI wpfcktjzpf umuG,af pmihaf &SmufrI jyK&rnf/ (6) þtydk'w f iG f azmfjyxm;cJhaom vkyif ef;tm;vHk;onf or*¾0if Edkiif Htm;vHk;\ umuG,af pmihaf &SmufrIukd cHpm;&&Sd ap&rnf/ þumuG,af pmifah &SmufrIukd a&;om;zefwD;olESihf ol\ tarGqufcHolrsm;\ tusKd;pD;yGm;twGuf toHk;jyK& rnf/ (7) þoabmwlnDcsuf tydk'f 7(4) yg pnf;urf; owfrSwcf surf sm;t& toHk;cstEkynmvuf&mrsm;? pufrI 'DZdki;f rsm;? yHkpHrsm;ESihf ywfoufí Oya'rsm;udk rnfonfh twdkif;twmtxd jy|mef;owfrSwjf cif; jyKrnfqkdaomudpö &yfrSm or*¾0ifEkdifiHrsm;\ Oya'jzifh aqmif&Guf&rnfh udpö jzpfonf/ tvm;wlyif ,if;vuf&mrsm;? 'DZkid ;f rsm;ESihf yHpk Hrsm; tm; rnfoakYd om pnf;urf;csurf sm;jzifh umuG,af pmihaf &Smuf jcif; jyKrnfqkad om udprö Smvnf; or*¾0ifEkid if rH sm;\ Oya' jzifh aqmif&Gu&f rnfhupd ö jzpfonf/ rl&if; tpysK;d cJah om Edkiif w H iG f 'DZkid ;f rsm;? yHkprH sm;tjzpfom umuG,af pmifah &SmufrI jyKcJv h Qif tjcm;or*¾0if Edik if w H pfcw k iG f 

 

vnf; 'DZkid ;f rsm;? yHkpHrsm;tjzpfom umuG,af pmihaf &Smufru I kd &&SdcHpm;Edkifonf/ odkYaomf rl&if; tpysKd;cJhaom EdkifiHü 'DZkid ;f rsm;? yHkprH sm;tjzpf txl;owfrSwf umuG,af pmifah &Smuf rI jyKjcif; r&Scd JhvQif ,if;vuf&mrsm;tm; tEkynmvuf&m rsm;tjzpf umuG,af pmihaf &SmufrI jyK&rnf/ (8) þoabmwlnDcsu\ f umuG,af pmifah &Smufro I nf aeYpOfowif;rsm;ESihf yHkESdyo f wif;rsm; vu©Pmaqmifonfh taMumif;t&momjzpfcv Jh Qif tusHK;0ifoufqkid jf cif; r&Sad p&/             (1) wcsKdUaom rdefYcGe;f rsm; (2) a[majymcsufrsm;? rdefYcGef;rsm;ESifh ywfoufí tcsKdU aom toHk;jyKrIrsm; (3) ,if;vuf&mrsm; pkpnf;vkyaf qmifydkifcGifh/ (1) txufazmfjyyg tydk'f (1) t& umuG,rf jI yKjcif;rS Edkiif Ha&;rdeYcf eG f;rsm;? w&m;pD&ifa&; vkyif ef;pOfü ajymMum;cJh aom pum;rsm;tm; wpfpdww f pfykdif;jzpfap? tjynfhtpHk jzpfap toHk;jyKjcif;udk uif;vGwcf GifhjyK&efrSm or*¾0if Edkiif H rsm;\ Oya'jy|mef;csurf sm;t& aqmif&Gu&f rnfh udpö jzpf onf/ (2) vltrsm;a&SUwGif ajymMum;cJhaom a[majymcsurf sm;? rdefYceG ;f rsm;ESihf tvm;wl obm0&Sad om udpörsm;udk owif; pmwGif jyefvnfazmfjyjcif;? toHvTihjf cif;? vltrsm;xHokYd aMu;eef;jzifh qufo, G af y;ydjYk cif; ponfh þoabm wlncD suf tydk'(f 11) azmfjycsurf sm;wGiyf g&So d nft h wdki;f owif;vkyif ef; 

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twGuf &nf&G,o f nfh udpöoufouf jzpfcJhvQif umuG,frI jyK&ef pnf;urf;owfrSwjf cif; udprö mS vnf; or*¾0ifEkid if rH sm; \ Oya'jy|mef;csurf sm;t& aqmif&u G &f rnfhupd ö jzpfonf/ (3) rnfokYyd ifjzpfap? a&SUpmydk'w f iG f azmfjycJah om udp&ö yf rsm;tm; pkpnf;aygif;½kH;rI jyKvky&f mü rlvzefwD;ol um,uH &Sifonf rlydkifcGihu f dk wpfOD;wnf; cHpm;cGih&f aSd p&rnf/              (1) zefwD;jyKpkol\ Edkiif Hom;jzpfrI? yHkEySd fxkwaf 0&m a'o (2) zefwD;jyKpkol aexdkif&ma'o (3) yHkEySd x f kwfa0aom vuf&m (4) wpfNydKifwnf; yHkEySd x f kwfa0aom vuf&m (1) þpmcsKyft& umuG,fapmihfa&SmufrIjyKjcif;udk (u)or*¾0ifEkdifiHwpfckck\ EdkifiHom;jzpfolESihf yHkEySd f xkwfa0jcif; jyKxm;onfjzpfap? rjyKonfjzpfap ¤if;zefwD;jyKpkxm;aomvuf&m/ (c) or*¾0ifEkid if w H pfck\ Edkiif o H m; r[kwo f rl sm;twGuf or*¾0ifEikd if H wpfcck w k iG f yxrqH;k yHEk ydS x f w k af 0aom? odkYr[kwf or*¾0if EdkifiHwpfckESifh or*¾0if r[kwf aom Edik if w H pfcw k üYkd wpfNyKdief ufwnf; yHEk ydS f xkwaf 0 aomvuf&mwdkY cHpm;&&SdEkid fonf/ (2) or*¾0ifEdkifiHwpfck\ Edkiif Hom;r[kwaf omfvnf; or*¾0ifEkdifiH wpfckckwGif tNrJwrf;aexdkio f ljzpfcJhvQif þ pmcsKyfyg &nf&G,fcsuf udpörsm;twGuv f nf;aumif;? xdkol 

 

tm; ,if;aexdkif&m Edkiif H\ EdkifiHom;wpfOD;tjzpf rSwf,l Edkifonf/ (3) yHEk ydS x f kwaf 0aom vuf&mrsm; qd&k mü ¤if;vuf&m\ obm0ESifh avsmn f DpGm trsm;jynfol\ usK;d aMumif;avsmn f D aom vdktyfcsuu f kd jznfq h nf;ay;Edkicf v hJ Qif rnfonfhenf;ESihf xkwv f kycf o hJ nfjzpfap rlvzefw;D jyKpko\ l oabmwlncD suf ESifh yHkEySd x f kwfa0jcif;jyKcJhaom vuf&mrsm;udk qdkvko d nf/ Zmwfobiftjzpf? aw;*DwZmwftjzpf? ½kyf&Sit f jzpf? *Dwtjzpf wifqufujyjcif;? pmayvuf&mudk vltrsm;a&SUü &Gwfqdkjcif;? aMu;eef;owif;tjzpf qufoG,fay;ydkYjcif;? toHviT jhf cif;? tEkynmvuf&mudk cif;usi;f jyojcif;? Adou k m vuf&m wnfaqmufjcif; ponfwkdYonf yHkESdyfxkwaf 0jcif; [laom pum;&yfwGif yg0ifjcif; r&Sad y/ (4) yxrtBudrf yHkEydS x f kwaf 0NyD; &ufaygif; 30twGi;f Edkiif H 2ckESifh 2ckxuf ydkaom Edkiif Hrsm;wGif yHkEdyS x f kwfa0jcif; jyKcJhvQif EdkifiHtrsm;ü wpfNyKdifwnf; yHkEySd x f kwfa0onf[k owfrSwfonf/                           tydk'f (3) yg pnf;urf;csurf sm;ESihf udkufnDjcif; r&Sad p umrl þpmcsKyf\ umuG,af pmihaf &SmufrIudk(u)½ky&f iS v f kyif ef; zefwD;ol? xdkoYkd zefwD;olonf or*¾ 0if Edkiif Hwpfckü XmecsKyf &Sv d Qifaomfvnf;aumif;? odkYwnf;r[kwf tNrJwrf;aexdkio f l jzpfvQifaomf vnf;aumif;? 



(c) or*¾0ifEkid fiHwpfckü wnfaqmufcJhaom Adokum vkyif ef;udk zefwD;ol? odkYwnf;r[kwf or*¾0ifEkid if H wpfckü wnf&Sdaom taqmufttHk? odkYr[kwf taqmufttHkwpfcktwGi;f ü xnfhoiG f;yg0ifaom tEkynmvuf&m wpfckckukd zefw;D ol wdkYonf &&Sd cHpm;Edkifonf/    (1) tmrcHcsufay;aom tcGit fh a&;rsm; (2) rlvzefwD;aom Edkiif H\ jyify (3) rlvzefwD;aom Edkiif HtwGi;f (4) rlvzefwD;aom Edkiif H (1) þoabmwlpmcsKyft& umuG,af pmihaf &Smufjcif; cH&aom vkyif ef;rsm;ESihf pyfvsO;f í zefw;D olonf rlv zefw;D aom Edkiif t H jyif or*¾0ifEkid if rH sm;ü ,if; tqdyk g Edkiif rH sm;\ Edkiif o H m;rsm; vuf&dS &&Scd pH m;cGi&hf adS om? odw kY nf;r[kwf aemif wGif cHpm;Edkicf Gifh &Sdaom tcGifhta&;rsm; &&SdcHpm;Edkio f nf/ tvm;wlyif þoabmwlnDcsuf pmcsKyfu txl;owfrSwf ay;xm;aom tcGiht f a&;rsm;udkvnf; &&Scd Hpm;Edkio f nf/ (2) þtcGit hf a&;rsm;udk cHpm;jcif;? usio hf Hk;jcif;wdko Y nf w&m;0ifatmif vkyaf qmif&ef vdktyfjcif; r&Sdap&/ rlv zefw;D aom Edkiif üH umuG,af pmifah &SmufrI wnf&o dS nf [l aom tcsufrSvnf; uif;vGwaf p&rnf/ þ oabmwlnD csuf pmcsKyfyg pnf;urf;owfrSwfcsufrsm;rSty umuG,f apmihaf &SmufrI jyKonfyh rmP? zefw;D ol\ tcGit hf a&;rsm;udk umuG,fapmihfa&Smuf&ef tvkdYiSm pDrHxm;aom vkyfxHk; 

 

vkyef nf;tm;vH;k wdo kY nf umuG,f apmihaf &Smufru I kd awmif;qdk aom Edkiif H\ Oya'rsm;t&omvQif pDrHcefYcJGrI jyKvky&f rnf/ (3) rlvzefwD;aom EdkifiHtwGi;f umuG,af pmihaf &Smuf jcif;udk jynfwGi;f Oya'rsm;t& pDrHcefcY &JG rnf/ rlvzefwD;ol onf þoabmwlpmcsKyft& umuG,fapmihfa&SmufrIudk awmif;cHaom Edkiif \ H Edkiif o H m;wpfO;D r[kwaf pumrl ,if; tqdkyg Edkiif H\ Edkiif Hom;rsm; cHpm;cGih&f Sdonfhtwdki;f xyfwl cHpm;cGihf &Sdap&rnf/ (4) rlv zefwD;aom Edkiif H[l&mü(u)or*¾0ifEikd if w H pfcük yxryHEk ydS x f kwaf 0jcif; jyKcv hJ Qif rwljcm;em;aom umuG,af pmihfa&SmufrI pnf;urf; csufrsm; &Sdonfh tjcm;aom EdkifiHtrsm;tjym;ü wpfNyKdief ufwnf; yHkESdyfxkwfa0jcif;jyKcJhvQifaomf vnf;aumif;? umuG,af pmihaf &SmufrI umv twdq k ;kH owfrSwfaom Edkiif Hwpfckü yHkESyd fxkwaf 0jcif; jyKcJh vQiaf omfvnf;aumif;? rlv yxr yHkEydS x f kwaf 0jcif; jyKaom EdkifiHonfomvQif rlvzefwD;aom Edkiif H[k owfrSwf&rnf/ (c) or*¾0ifEkid if HrS tyjzpfaom Edkiif w H pfckwiG f wpfNyKdif eufwnf; yHkEydS x f kwaf 0NyD; or*¾0if Edkiif w H pfckwGif vnf; yHkEySd x f kwaf 0jcif;jyKcJv h Qif or*¾0if Edkiif Hudk rlv zefwD;aomEdkifiH[k owfrSwf&rnf/ (*) yHkESdyfxkwfa0jcif; rjyK&ao;aom vkyfief;rsm;? odw kY nf;r[kwf or*¾0if Edkiif HwpfckEiS t hf wl wpfNyKdif eufwnf;r[kwb f J or*¾rStyjzpfaom EdkifiHwpfck 



ü yHkEySd x f kwaf 0jcif;jyKcJah om vkyif ef;rsm;ESihf pyfvsO;f írl rlvzefwD;ol EdkifiHom;jzpfaom EdkifiHonf(1) vkyif ef;rsm;onf ½ky&f iS v f yk if ef;rsm; jzpfNy;D zefw;D ol\ ½k;H csKy?f odw kY nf;r[kwf tNrJwrf;aexdik &f m Edik if H onf or*¾0ifEikd if w H pfck jzpfcv hJ Qiaf omfvnf;aumif;?

(2) vkyfief;rsm;onf Adokumvkyfief;rsm; jzpfNyD; or*¾0if Edkiif Hwpfckü wnfaqmufcJv h Qif? odkYwnf; r[kwf or*¾0ifEkid if Hwpfckü wnfaqmufcJhonfh taqmufttkH? odkYr[kwf taqmufttHkwpfck twGi;f xnhfoGif;yg0ifaom tEkynmvuf&mrsm; jzpfchv J Qifaomfvnf;aumif; txuf tqdkyg zefwD; ol? rlvzefwD;ol EdkifiHom;jzpfaom EdkifiHudk owfrSwf&rnf/                        (1) yxr yHkEdyS x f kwfa0aom EdkifiHESihf tjcm;EdkifiHrsm; (2) umvaemufjyef tusKd;oufa&mufrI r&Sjd cif; (3) owday; EdId;aqmfcsuf (1) or*¾0ifr[kwfaom rnfonfhEkid if Hrqdk or*¾0if Edkiif Hrsm;rS EdkifiHom;? zefwD;olrsm;\ tusK;d pD;yGm;udk vHk avmufaom umuG,af pmifha&SmufrIay;&ef ysufuGucf JhvQif ,if;tqdyk g ysuu f u G af om Edkiif rH sm;rS zefw;D olrsm;? odw Yk nf; r[kwf yxrtBudrf yHkEySd x f kwfa0jcif; jyKonfh umvtxd ,if;tqdyk g Edkiif \ H Edkiif o H m;tjzpf &Sad eolrsm;onf or*¾0if 

 

Edkiif Hwpfckü tNrJwrf; aexdkio f l r[kwfcJhvQif or*¾0if Edkiif Hrsm;onf ¤if;zefwD;ol\ tcGiht f a&; umuG,f apmihf a&SmufrIay;jcif;udk uefYowfEdkipf Grf;&So d nf/ (2) txuftqdkyg tydk'fü azmfjyxm;onfh ta&;,l uefYowfcsurf sm;onf uefYowfcsujf yKvkyjf cif; rwdkirf Du or*¾0if Edkiif w H pfcktwGi;f yHkEydS x f kwaf 0jcif;aMumifh zefwD;ol &&SdcHpm;cJhaom tcGiht f a&;rsm;udk rnfonfhenf;ESifh rqdk xdcku d jf cif; r&Sad p&/ (3) þtydk'f (6) yg pnf;urf;csurf sm;ESit hf nD rlykid cf iG hf udk uefYowfjcif;jyKcJhaom or*¾0ifEdkifiHrsm;onf ,if;odkY uefYowfcsufjyKvkyaf Mumif;udk 0DydktzGJU nGeMf um;a&;rSL;csKyf xHodkY rnfonfhEkidf fiHESihf rnfonfhzefwD;oltm; uefYowfrI jyKvkyx f m;aMumif;udk pmjzifh a&;om; tpD&ifcH wifjy&rnf/ ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;csKyfu or*¾0if Edkiif t H m;vHk;odkY ,if;tqdkyg aMunmvTmtm; csucf sif; qufoG,fay;ydkYvrd hrf nf/    (1) zefwD;ol\ pD;yGm;a&; &ydkicf iG rhf sm;ESihf oufqkid jf cif; r&Sdapumrl? xdkYjyif ,if;tqdkyg &ydkifcGifhrsm;udk vTJajymif; ay;tyfNyD; jzpfapumrl rlvzefwD;olonf ,if;\ *kPf odum© ESihf emrnfukd xdcku d n f K§ ;d EGr;f jcif; jzpfvrd rhf nf[k ,lqcJh vQif rlvzefw;D oljzpfaMumif; xkwaf zmfajymMum;cGi?hf awmif;cH Edkicf Gifh &Sdonfhtjyif ,if;\ vuf&mtm; yHkyef;ysuaf tmif jyKvkyjf cif;? zsufqD;jcif;? jyifqifjcif;? odu©musqif;atmif jyKvkyjf cif; ponfwkYdudk uefYuu G yf dkicf Gifh &Sdonf/ 



(2) txufazmfjyyg pmydk't f & rlvzefw;D oltm; ay;tyf onfh tcGit hf a&;rsm;onf ¤if;uG,v f eG Nf yD;aemufwGif pD;yGm; a&; &ydkicf iG ho f ufwrf; ukeq f k;H csed u f mvtxd wnf&adS p&rnf jzpfí umuG,af pmihaf &SmufrI awmif;cHaomEdkiif H\ Oya' t& tmPmay;tyfxm;aom vlyk*¾Kv d rf sm;? odkYr[kwf tzGJU tpnf;rsm;u pDrHydkicf Gifh &Sdap&rnf/ odkYjzpfapumrl þ tufOya'udk vufrSwfa&;xdk; twnfjyKaom? odkYr[kwf yl;aygif;yg0ifaom tcsed u f mvtxd rlvzefwD;ol aoqHk;NyD; aemuf rlykid cf iG hu f kd umuG,af pmifah &SmufaomOya' r&So d nfh Edkiif Hrsm;tzdkYürl txufazmfjyygpmydk'w f Gif yg&Sdaom tcsKdU &ydkicf iG rhf sm;tm; rlvzefw;D ol aoqH;k NyD;aemufwiG f qufvuf xde;f odr;f rI &yfqkid ;f ypfEkid o f nf/ (3) txufazmfjyyg pmydk't f & tyfESif;xm;aom &ydkif cGihrf sm;udk umuG,af pmihaf &Smuf&ef tvdkYiSm owfrSwjf y|mef; aom enf;vrf;rsm;udkrl umuG,af pmihaf &SmufrI awmif;cH aom Edkiif H\ w&m;Oya'rsm;ESiht f nD pDrHcefYcGJrI jyK&rnf/   (1) þoabmwlnDcsut f & (rlydkicf Gifhuk)d umuG,f apmihfa&SmufrI ay;aom oufwrf;umvonf zefwD;jyKpkol \ oufwrf;wpfavQmufvHk;ESifh ¤if;uG,v f GeNf yD;aemuf ESpf 50 jzpfonf/ (2) odkYaomf ½kyf&Sifvkyfief; vuf&mrsm; udpöwGifrl zefwD;jyKpko\ l oabmwlncD sujf zifh trsm;jynfol vlxktm; jyoonfh tcsed u f mv\ aemufESpf 50wGif ukefqHk;onf [lonfh tcsufudk or*¾0ifEkid fiHrsm; taejzifh owfrSwfay; 

 

Edkifonf/ odkYwnf;r[kwf zefwD;jyKvkyNf yD;csdefrS ESpf 50 umvtwGi;f xdkokdYjyKvkyjf cif; (trsm;jynfolvlxktm; jyo jcif;) r&Sad omf zefwD;jyKvkyNf yD;aemuf ESpf 50 [k owfrSwf Edkio f nf/ (3) trnfazmfjyjcif; rjyKaom? odw Yk nf;r[kwf uavmif trnf0Sujf zifh jyKpkzefwD;aom vuf&mrsm;udpöwGirf l þ oabmwlncD sut f & umuG,af pmifah &SmufrjI yKjcif;onf tqdyk g vuf&mudk w&m;Oya'ESifhtnD trsm;jynfolvlxktm; wifjycJhcsed f\ aemufESpf 50wGif ukefqHk;onf/ odkYaomf uavmiftrnf0Sufonf zefwD;jyKpkol cH,lxm;onfhtrnf jzpfaMumif; ,HkrSm;oHo, jzpfp&mr&Sdatmif odomxif&Sm; aeonf jzpfvQif umuG,af pmifah &SmufrI oufwrf;umv onf tydk'f (1)wGif azmfjyyg&Sdonfhtwdki;f jzpfonf/ trnf0Suf? uavmiftrnf0Sufjzifh zefwD;jyKpkolonf txufazmfjyyg umvtwGi;f rnforl nf0gjzpfaMumif; xkwaf zmf ajymMum;cJhvQif umuG,af pmifha&SmufrI oufwrf;umv onf tydk'(f 1)wGif azmfjyyg&So d nfhtwdki;f jzpfonf/ trnf0Suf? uavmiftrnf0Sufjzifh zefwD;jyKpkolonf ESpf 50 rwdkirf Duyif uG,fvGeftedpöa&mufcJhNyDjzpfaMumif; usK;d aMumif;qDavsmpf Gm ,HkMunfrSwx f ifEdkicf Jhonf &Sad omf or*¾0if EdkifiHrsm;taejzifh umuG,af pmihfa&SmufrIay;&ef vdktyfvrd fhrnf r[kwaf y/ (4) "mwfykHvuf&mrsm;ESihf toHk;cs tEkynmvuf&mrsm; udpöwGirf l ,if;vuf&mrsm;udk tEkynmvuf&mrsm;tjzpf umuG,fapmihfa&Smufjcif; jyKcJhonf&Sdaomf xdkodkY umuG,f apmihaf &Smuf&ef owfrSwcf sufrsm;udk or*¾0ifEkdifiHrsm;u 



Oya't& jy|mef;ay;&rnfjzpfonf/ odkYaomf þ owfrSwf csuo f nf ,if;vuf&mudk zefwD;cJhonfh umv\ aemuf tenf;qHk; 25ESpf jzpfap&rnf/ (5) zefwD;jyKpkol uG,fvGef tedpöa&mufNyD;aemuf umuG,af pmihaf &SmufrI jyKjcif;qdki&f m owfrw S cf suEf iS hf pmydk'f (2)? (3)? (4) wdkYwGif azmfjyyg&Sad om owfrw S cf surf sm;onf zefwD;jyKpkol uG,v f Geftedpöa&muf&o Sd Gm;onhfaeY? odkYwnf; r[kwf txufyg pmydk'rf sm;wGif azmfjyyg&Sad om aeYrS pwif a&wGujf cif; jyK&rnf/ odkYaomf trsm;tm;jzifh zefwD;jyKpkol uG,v f eG o f mG ;onfh ESp\ f yxr tp Zefe0g&D 1&ufaeYupí a&wGufjcif;jyKavh&SdMuonf/ (6) a&SUwiG f azmjfycJah om pmydk'rf sm;wGif yg&So d nfh tcsuf rsm;xuf ydkí or*¾0ifEkid fiHrsm;u owfrSwaf y;jcif;vnf; jyKEdkifonf/ (7) þoabmwlncD suw f iG f yg&So d nfh a&mr tufOya' udk vdkufem&ef wm0ef&Sdaom or*¾0ifEdkifiHrsm;wGif ¤if;wdkY Edkiif H\ Oya'ü oabmwlnDcsuu f kd vufrSwaf &;xdk;aom tcsdefumvwGif txufazmfjyyg pmydk'rf sm;wGif yg&Sdonf xuf ydkí wdkawmif;onfh tcsdefumvowfrSwfcsufudk usio hf ;kH aecJo h nf jzpfvQi?f ,if;owfrw S cf surf sm;udk qufvuf xde;f odr;f xm;EdkifcGihf &So d nf/ (8) rnfodkYyifjzpfap? umuG,fapmihfa&SmufrI jyK&ef owfrSwfcsuo f nf umuG,fapmihfa&SmufrIay;&ef awmif;cH onfh EdkifiH\ w&m;Oya' t&om jzpfap&rnf/ odkYaomf ,if;EdkifiH\ Oya'ü tjcm;wpfenf; azmfjyxm;jcif; r&Scd Jh vQif owfrSwcf suo f nf vuf&mrlv tpjyKcJhaom Edkiif H\ 

 

owfrSwcf surf sm;xuf ausmfvGejf cif;r&Sdap&/ (9) yl;wGJzefwD;jyKpkaom vuf&mrsm;ESihf ywfoufonfh udpw ö Giv f nf; a&SUtydk'w f Gif azmfjyyg&Scd Jah om owfrSwcf suf rsm; twdki;f usio hf kH;&rnf/ uG,v f eG t f edpöa&mufjcif;qdki&f m owfrSwfcsufrSmrl aemufqHk; uG,fvGeftedpöa&muf&SdcJhol uG,v f Gefcsed rf Spí a&wGujf cif; jyK&rnf/         þoabmwlnDcsufjzifh umuG,af pmihaf &SmufrIjyKjcif; cH,l&&Sad om pmayESihf tEkynmvuf&m zefwD;jyKpkolrsm; onf ,if;wdkY\ vuf&mrsm;tm; bmomjyefqkjd cif;? bmom jyefqdkjcif;jyK&ef tcGifhtmPmay;tyfjcif; paom udpö&yf rsm;wGif rlvvuf&mrsm;tm; umuG,af pmifah &SmufrIjyKonfh owfrSwfcsuftm;vHk;udk rlykid fcHpm;cGifh&Sdonf/   

(1) þoabmwlnDcsufjzifh umuG,fapmifha&SmufrI jyKjcif; cH,&l &Sad om pmayESihf tEkynmvuf&m zefwD;jyKpkol rsm;onf ,if;wdkY\ vuf&mrsm;tm; rnfonfhenf;? rnf onfh yHkoP²mefrsK;d jzifjh zpfap xyfqifh xkwv f kyjf cif; paom udpö&yfrsm;wGif tcGifhtmPmay;tyfjcif;udk wpfOD;wnf; rlydkifcHpm;cGifh &So d nf/ (2) tcsKUd aom txl;udp&ö yfrsm;wGif ,if;vuf&mrsm;udk jyefvnf xkwv f ky&f mü tqdkyg vuf&m\ yHkreS x f kwv f kyrf u I kd xdcku d q f efu Y sirf I r&Scd v hJ Qiaf omfvnf;aumif;? jyKpkzefwD;ol\ 



Oya'ESit hf nD ydkicf iG q hf kid cf Gi&hf adS om tusK;d pD;yGm;rsm;udk ravsmf ruef xdckdufjcif; r&Scd JhvQifaomfvnf;aumif; or*¾0ifEkid if H rsm;onf ¤if;wdkY\ Oya'rsm;t& cGihjf yKEdkio f nf/ (3) toHjzihaf omfvnf;aumif;? t½kyfjzifhaomf vnf; aumif; oGif;,ljcif;udk þoabmwlnDcsuf\ &nfrSef; csurf sm;t& xyfqifhxkwv f kyjf cif;[k oabmxm;onf/    (1) jynfov l x l ktm; w&m;0if xkwjf yNyD;aom tEkynm vuf&mrsm;udk aumufEkwfukd;um;jcif;ESifh pyfvsO;f onfh udpörsm;wGif xdkodkY aqmif&Gufjcif;onf w&m;rQwonfh vkyx f kH;rsm;ESiht f nD jzpfvQifaomfvnf;aumif; &nf&G,cf suf twGuf w&m;ojzifh aqmif&Gujf cif;[lonfh twdki;f twm xuf ausmv f eG jf cif; r&Sv d Qiaf omfvnf;aumif;? aqmif&u G jf cif; jyKEdkio f nf/ þonfrSm owif;pmaqmif;yg;rsm;ESihf umv owfrSwfcsufjzifh xkwaf 0aom pmapmifrsm;rS aumufEkwf udk;um;í tusO;f csKyftjzpf yHkESdyaf zmfjycsurf sm; tygt0if jzpfonf/ (2) pmayESifh tEkynmvuf&mrsm;udk pmoifMum;&ef tvdkYimS yHkEydS x f kwaf 0rIwiG f yHkqo GJ ½kyaf zmfjcif;? toHvTijhf cif;? toHjzifjh zpfap? ½kyjf zifh jzpfap ul;,ljcif; ponfwkYd jyKvkycf hJ vQif xdkjyKvkyfrIonf w&m;rQwonfh vkyx f kH;rsm;ESifhtnD jzpfygu or*¾0ifEkdiif Hrsm;\ Oya't&aomfvnf;aumif;? wnfqJ txl;oabmwlnDcsufrsm;t& aomfvnf;aumif;? oabmwlnDcsujf yKvkyí f aomfvnf;aumif; cGihjf yKEdkifonf/ (3) txufazmfjyyg pmyd'k rf sm;ESit hf nD vkyu f ikd f aqmif&u G f 

 

cJhonfh vuf&mrsm;tm; &,l&m t&if;tjrpfESifh zefwD;jyKpk ol\ trnfemrtm; azmfjyyg&SdcJhvQif azmfjyí aqmif&Guf &rnf/ (4) vwfwavm jzpfysuv f su&f adS om pD;yGm;a&;? Edkiif aH &;? odkYwnf;r[kwf bmoma&;taMumif; udpörsm;udk uefYowf xm;aMumif; odompGm azmfjyxm;jcif; r&SdcJhvQif owif;pm üaomfvnf;aumif;? toHvTihcf suf tjzpfaomfvnf;aumif;? aMu;eef;jzifh trsm;jynfov l x l k od&adS p&efaomfvnf;aumif; xyfqifhul;,l azmfjyjcif;udk or*¾0ifEkid fiHrsm;\ Oya't& cGijhf yKEdkio f nf/ odYw k ap &,l&mXmeudu k m; &Si;f vif;jywfom; pGm nTefjyjcif;jyK&rnf/ þodkY wm0ef&rSd Iukd csKd;azmufjcif; twGuf jzpfay:vmonfh Oya'a&;&mudpörsm;udk (rlykid fcGih)f umuG,af pmifha&Smufru I kd awmif;cHonfh Edkiif \ H w&m;Oya' rsm;t& jy|mef;owfrSwf&rnf/ (5) jrifawGUcJh&aom odkYwnf;r[kwf Mum;odcJh&aom pmayESihf tEkynmvuf&mrsm;ESifh ywfoufí owif;ay; &ef tvdkiY Sm "mwfyHkjzifhaomfvnf;aumif;? ½ky&f Sifvkyif ef;jzifh aomfvnf;aumif;? toHviT jhf cif;jzifh vnf;aumif;? aMu;eef; jzifhvnf;aumif; jyefvnfu;l ,lazmfjyjcif;udk or*¾0if Edkiif H rsm;\ Oya'jy|mef;csujf zifh jyKvkyí f trsm;jynfov l lxktm; wifjyEdkifonf/    (1) Zmwfobif? *DwZmwfobifESifh aw;*Dwvuf&m rsm;udk zefwD;jyKvkyfolrsm;onf (u)¤if;wdkY\ vuf&mrsm;tm; vltrsm;a&SUwiG f wifquf 



jyojcif;? xdkokYd wifqufjyo&mwGif rnfonfeh nf;? rnfonfhyHkoP²mefrsKd;udkrqdk toHk;jyKjcif;/ (c) ¤if;wdkY\ vuf&mrsm;tm; wifqufjyojcif;ESihf pyf vsO;f í trsm;jynfov l x l ktm; qufo, G f taMumif; Mum;jcif; ponfh vkyif ef;rsm; aqmif&GufEdkif&ef twGuf tcGit hf mPmay;&ef wpfOD;wnf; rlydkicf Gihf cHpm;&&Sdap&rnf/ (2) Zmwfobif? *DwZmwfobifwdkYukd zefwD;jyKvkyo f l rsm;onf ,if;wd\ Yk vuf&mrsm;tm; bmomjyefqjkd cif; udpEö iS hf pyfvsOf ;í rlv vuf &m\ rlydkif cGifh oufwrf ;umv wpfavQmufvHk;? txuftqdkyg pmydk'yf gtwdki;f cHpm;&&Sdap &rnf/            (1) pmayESihf tEkynm vuf&mrsm; zefwD;jyKpkolonf atmufyg udp&ö yfrsm;udk tcGit hf mPmay;tyf&ef wpfO;D wnf; rlykdicf Hpm;Edkifonf/ (u)¤if;wdkY\ vuf&mrsm;udk toHvTifhjcif;? odkYwnf; r[kwf 0g,mvuf paom tjcm;enf;vrf;rsm;tm;jzifh oauFwrsm;? toHrsm;? odrYk [kwf ½kyyf rkH sm;udk trsm; jynfolvlxkxH qufoG,fay;ydkYjcif;/ (c) rlv vkyfaqmifcJhaom tzGJUtpnf;r[kwb f J tjcm; tzGUJ tpnf;wpfcku ¤if;\vuf&mudk 0g,mjzifjh zpfap? toHvTihcf suu f dk xyfqifhtoHvTifhí jzpfap trsm; jynfolvlxkxH qufoG,fay;ydkYjcif;/ 

 

(*) ¤if;\ vuf&m toHvTifhcsuu f kd toHcsJUpufjzifh jzpfap? tjcm; tifemavmh ud&d,mjzifh vTifhxkwfí jzpfap? oauFwrsm;? toHrsm;? odkYr[kwf ½kyyf Hk rsm;jzifh trsm;jynfol vlxkxH qufo, G af y;ydkYjcif;/ (2) txufpmydk'w f iG f azmfjyyg&Sad om tcGit hf a&;rsm;udk usiho f Hk;&eftwGuf pnf;urf;owfrSwcf surf sm; jy|mef;jcif; qdki&f m udpo ö nf or*¾0ifEkid if Hrsm;u Oya' jy|mef;owfrw S f í aqmif&u G &f rnfu h pd ö jzpfonf/ odkYaomf þpnf;urf;csuf rsm;onf jy|mef;owfrw S af om Edkiif rH sm;wGio f m usio hf k;H jcif; jyK&ef jzpfonf/ ¤if;wdkYonf rnfonfh tajctaewGirf qdk zefwD;jyKpkol\ usifh0wfqkid f&m ydkifqkid fcGihu f dk xdyg;jcif; r&Sdap&/ xdkYjyif oifhwifhrQwaom tusKd;aus;Zl; cHpm;&&Sd ydkifcGifhudkvnf; xdyg;jcif;r&Sdap&/ oabmwlpmcsKyfr&Sd jzpfcJhaomf tmPmydkifrsm;u owfrSwfay;&rnf/ (3) qefYusib f uf owfrSwcf surf sm; wpfpHkwpf&m r&SdcJh vQif pmydk'f (1) yg tcsufrsm;ESifhtnD ay;tyfxm;aom cGijhf yKcsuo f nf toHviT chf suu f kd toHtm;jzifah omfvnf;aumif;? ½kyyf kHtm;jzifhaomfvnf;aumif; ud&, d mrsm;jzifh toHoiG ;f ,l jcif;udk cGifhjyKjcif;ESifh oufqdkijf cif; r&Sad p&/ odkYaomfvnf; toHvTifh tzGJUtpnf;wpf&yfu ¤if;ydkif ypön;f ud&, d mrsm;jzifh ¤if;udk,w f kid f toHviT h&f eftwGuf toH oGi;f ,ljcif; udprö sK;d wGirf l pnf;urf;owfrw S cf surf sm;udk qdik &f m or*¾0ifEkid if u H Oya'jy|mef;í owfrw S &f rnf jzpfonf/ ¤if; tqdkyg toHoiG ;f xm;onfrsm;udk tpdk;&armfueG ;f wdkurf sm;ü xde;f odr;f xm;jcif;onf rSww f rf;rSw&f m vu©Pmaqmifonf/ >cif;csut f & tqdkyg Oya' jy|mef;csujf zifh cGifhjyKEdkio f nf/ 



    (1) pmayvuf&mrsm;udk zefw;D jyKpkoo l nf atmufygwdkY udk cGifhjyK&ef wpfOD;wnf; rlydkicf Hpm;cGihf &Sdonf/ (u)¤if;wdkY\ vuf&mudk vltrsm;a&SUwGif &Gwfqkdjcif;? xdkokYd &Gwq f dk&eftwGuf rnfonfhenf;jzifhrqdk jyK vkyjf cif; tygt0if jzpfonf/ (c) ¤if;wdkY\ vuf&mudk &Gwfqdkjcif;ESifh ywfoufí trsm;jynfolvlxktm; qufoG,f today;jcif;/ (2) pmayvuf&m zefwD;jyKpkolonf rl&if;vuf&m\ rlydkifcGifhoufwrf;umv wpfavQmufvHk; ,if;vuf&m bmomjyefqkdjcif;ESihf ywfoufívnf; tvm;wl rlydkicf Gihf &Sdonf/      pmayESihf tEkynmvuf&m zefw;D jyKpkorl sm;onf rS;D jcif;? tpDtpOfjyKjcif;ESifh tjcm;enf; jyKjyifajymif;vJjcif;rsm;udk tcGifhjyK&ef wpfOD;wnf; rlykid fcHpm;cGifh &So d nf/       (1)or*¾0ifEkid if w H pfckonf aw;*Dwvuf&m zefwD;jyKpk olESifh rnfonfh pmom;udkrqdk zefwD;jyKpkolwdkYtm; (,if; pmom; zefw;D jyKpkou l aw;*Dw vuf&mESiht f wl toHoiG ;f ,ljcif;udk cGifhjyKxm;cJhNyD;jzpfvQif) ay;tyfxm;aom wpfOD; wnf; rlydkifcGifhudk uefYowfcsufrsm;? pnf;urf;csufrsm; 

 

csrw S jf cif; jyKEdkio f nf/ okaYd omf ,if;aqmif&Gucf surf sm;onf csrw S af om Edkiif rH sm;wGio f m usio hf ;kH &efjzpfNyD; zefw;D jyKpkow l kYd \ oifhwifhrQwaom tusKd;cHpm;cGihu f kd xdyg;jcif; r&Sdap&/ oabmwlpmcsKyf r&Scd Jhonfjzpfaomf oifhawmfonfh tmPm ydkirf sm;u owfrSwaf y;&rnf/ (2) or*¾0ifEkid if w H pfckü 1928 ck? ZGef 2&ufwiG f a&mr NrKdUüvnf;aumif;? 1948 ck? ZGef 26&ufwGif b&yfq,fNrKdUü vnf;aumif; vufrSwaf &;xdk;cJhMuaom oabmwlnDcsuf tydk'f 13 (3) ESit hf nD toHoiG ;f cJhaom aw;*Dwvuf&mrsm; tm; ,if;Edkiif Hü jyefvnfxkwv f kyv f Qif tqdkyg Edkiif Hu þtufOya'\ abmiftwGif;odkY a&muf&SdNyD; 2ESpfjynfh ajrmufonfah eY rwdkirf D txd rlv zefw;D jyKpko\ l cGijhf yKcsuf r&SdbJ xkwfvkyfEdkio f nf/ (3) tydk'f (1) ESifh (2) wdkYESifhtnD toHoGif;,lcJhonf rsm;udk oufqkid &f m yk*K¾ v d rf sm;\ cGijhf yKcsurf &Sb d J Edkiif w H pfck twGi;f odkY wifoGif;cJhvQif tqdkygEdkifiHu Oya' csKd;azmuf aom vkyf&yf[k owfrSwx f m;cJhvQif odrf;qnf;Edkicf Gifh &Sd onf/         (1) pmayESifh tEkynmvuf&m zefwD;jyKpkolrsm;onf atmufygwdu kY kd cGijhf yKcsuaf y;&ef wpfO;D wnf;rlykid cf iG &hf o dS nf/ (u)½kyf&Sit f jzpf rSD;,ljcif;? ¤if;rSD;,ljcif;udk jyefvnf xkwv f kyjf cif;? rS;D xm;onfh t&mudkjzpfap? jyefvnf xkwfvkyfonft h &mudkjzpfap jzefYcsdjcif;/ 



(c) rSD;xm;onfh t&mudkjzpfap? jyefvnfxkwv f kyfonfh t&mudkjzpfap trsm;jynfolvlxka&SUarSmuf wif quf jyojcif;ESifh aMu;eef;tm;jzifh trsm;jynfol vlxktm; qufoG,w f ifqufjcif;/ (2) pmaytEkynm vuf&mwpfckrS ul;ajymif;xkwv f kyf xm;aom ½ky&f iS Zf mwfum;wpfckukd tjcm;tEkynmyHkpH wpfck odYk rS;D ,lcv hJ Qif ½ky&f iS Zf mwfum; zefw;D xkwv f kyo f t l m; ay;tyf xm;aomcGifhjyKcsufudk xdyg;jcif;r&SdapbJ rlv pmay tEkynmvuf&m zefwD;jyKpko\ l cGihjf yKcsuu f kd &,l&rnf jzpfonf/ (3) tydk'f 13(1) yg owfrw S cf surf sm;ESihf roufqkid af p &/    (1) rSD;jcif;? odkYwnf;r[kwf jyefvnfxkwv f kyjf cif; p ojzifh jyKvkyfxm;aom ½kyf&SifZmwfum;wpfckudk rlv vuf&m\ rlykid cf Gihu f dk xdyg;apjcif;r&SdapbJ rlvvuf&m tjzpf umuG,rf Iay;&rnf/ ½kyf&SifZmwfum;\ rlykdifcGihf ydkiq f kid o f o l nf rlvvuf&m zefw;D ol\ rlykid cf iG Ehf iS hf tvm;wl tcGiht f a&;udk ydkiq f kdicf iG h&f o dS nf/ txufazmfjyyg tydk'w f Gif &nfnTef;aom &ydkifcGihrf sm; tygt0ifjzpfonf/ (2) (u) ½ky&f iS Zf mwfum;wpfum;\ rlykid cf iG hu f kd ydkiq f kid f cGit hf m; ydkiq f kid cf iG hf awmif;cHjcif;jyKvkyo f nfh Edkiif u H Oya'owfrSwcf sujf zifh jy|mef;ay;&rnf/ (c) odkYaomf or*¾0ifEkid fiH\ Oya'ü ½ky&f SiZf mwfum; rlydkicf Gifh ydkifqkid folrsm;xJwGif ,if;½kyf&SiZf mwfum; 

 

zefwD; jyKvkyf&mü yg0ifulnDcJhol pma&;q&mrsm; yg0ifaecJhonf&Sdaomf ¤if;wdkYonf yg0ifulnDjcif; jyKrnf[k wm0efcx H m;cJh vQif tjcm;enf; odkYr[kwf txl;owfrSwcf suf r&Scd JhvQif ,if;½ky&f SifZmwfum; udk jyefvnfxkwv f kyjf cif;? jzefYcsdjcif;? trsm;jynfol vlxktm; wifqufjyojcif;? aMu;eef;jzifh vlxktm; qufo, G t f oday;jcif;? toHviT jhf cif;? odw kY nf;r[kwf trsm;jynfolvlxktm; tjcm;enf;wpfckckjzifh quf oG,f today;jcif;? odw Yk nf;r[kwf pmwrf;xdk;jcif;? pmom;udk toHul;jcif; ponfwkYdukd uefYuu G fjcif; rjyKEdkifay/ (*) txufwGif &nfnTef;azmfjycJhaom wm0efcHrIqkd aom pum;&yfonf a&SUwGifazmfjyaom tydk'fcGJ (c) udk usio hf Hk;&eftwGuf pmjzifh a&;om;xm;aom pmcsKyfjzpf&rnf/ odkYr[kwf tvm;wl tusK;d ouf a&mufrI&daS om pmjzifha&;om;xm;csuf jzpf&rnf [lonfh tcsurf Sm ½kyf&SiZf mwfum; zefwD;jyKvkyf ol\ ½kH;XmecsKyf? odkYr[kwf tNrJaexdki&f m EdkifiHu Oya'jzifh jy|mef;owfrSwaf y;&rnfht&m jzpfonf/ odakY omf ¤if;wm0efcHrI[o l nf pmcsKyfjzpf&rnf/ tvm;wltusK;d oufa&mufr&I adS om pmjzifh a&;om; xm;csuf jzpf&rnf qdkaomudpöudk umuG,frI awmif;cHaom or*¾0ifEdkifiHu Oya'jzifh jy|mef; ay;csut f wdkif;om jzpfap&rnf/ rdrw d EYkd kid if OH ya'ü tqdyk gudpö yg0ifNyD;jzpfonfh Edkiif rH sm;onf nTeMf um;a&;rSL;csKyfxH pmjzifh a&;om; 



wifjy&rnf/ nTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyfu or*¾0if Edkiif H tm;vHk;odkY csufcsi;f qufoG,f taMumif;Mum;ay; &rnf/ (C)tjcm;enf;? odkYwnf;r[kwf txl;owfrSwfcsuf [lonfrSm a&SUwGifqdkcJhaom wm0efcHrIqdkonfh pum;&yfES ifh qufpyfvsuf &Sdaom uefYowfrI pnf;urf;csurf sm;udk qdkvdkonf/ (3) Edkiif OH ya'u tjcm;enf;azmfjyay;xm;jcif; r&Scd v hJ Qif pmydk'f (2) (c) yg owfrSwcf surf sm;onf ½ky&f SiZf mwfum; zefwD;&eftwGuf jyKvkyaf om Zmwf0ifcef;rsm;? ajympum; rsm;? aw;*Dw vuf&mrsm;udk zefwD;olrsm;ESifhaomfvnf; aumif;? t"du 'g½du k w f mESiahf omfvnf;aumif; oufqkid jf cif; r&Sad p&/ odakY omf or*¾0ifEkid if rH sm;\ Oya'ü tqdyk g 'g½dkuf wmESifh ywfoufí usiho f Hk;&ef qdkcJhNyD;aom pmydk'f (2)(c) yg owfrSwcf surf sm; ryg&SdcJhvQif nTeMf um;a&;rSL;csKyfxH pmjzifh a&;om;wifjy&rnf/ ¤if;u or*¾0ifEdkiif Hrsm;udk csucf si;f qufoG,f today;vdrfhrnf/    (1) pma&;olrsm;ESifh oDcsif;a&;om;olrsm;\ rl&if; tEkynmvuf&mrsm;? rl&if;vufa&;rlrsm;ESifh pyfvsOf;í rlvzefw;D jyKpko?l odw kY nf;r[kwf ¤if;uG,v f eG o f mG ;cJNh yD;jzpfu ,if;EdkifiH\ Oya't& tcGit fh mPmtyfESi;f jcif; cH&aom yk*K¾ v d rf sm;? odw kY nf;r[kwf tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;onf rl&if; a&;om; jyKpkolu yxrtBudrf vTJajymif;ay;cJhNyD;aemuf jzpfay:vm onfh rnfoakYd om a&mif;csru I rqdk ay:xGuv f maom tusK;d 

 

pD;yGm;udk tjiif;yGm;zG,fr&Sad tmif ydkifqkid cf Gihf &So d nf/ (2) a&SUwiG f azmjfycJhaom tydk'w f Gif yg&So d nfh umuG,f apmihfa&SmufrI awmif;qdkjcif;udk or*¾0ifEdkifiHwpfckwGif jyKvky&f mü a&;om;jyKpkol\ EdkifiHOya'u cGihjf yKrSomvQif jyKvkyfEdkifNyD; awmif;qdkjcif;jyKonfh EdkifiHu cGifhjyKonfh yrmPomvQif &&SdcHpm;Edkio f nf/ (3) cHpm;cGih&f ,ljcif; vkyfxHk;vkyif ef;rsm;ESifh cHpm;cGihf yrmPonf Edkiif HOya'u jy|mef; owfrSwfay;&rnft h &m jzpfonf/    (1) þoabmwlnDcsu\ f umuG,rf u I kd &&Sad ompmay? odrkY [kwf tEkynmwpfck\ jyKpkot l jzpf owfrw S &f ef tjcm; qefYusifbuf oufaotaxmuftxm;rsm; r&SdcJhvQif? xdkYjyif or*¾0ifEkid if rH sm;twGi;f ü rlykid cf iG hf csK;d azmufrq I kid &f m vkyx f Hk;vkyef nf;rsm; aqmif&GufEdkifcGifh &&Sd&eftwGuf jyKpk xm;aom vuf&may:wGif ¤if;\trnf azmfjyyg&Sv d Qif vHk avmufonf/ azmfjyyg&Sdaom trnfemronf uavmif trnf0Suo f mvQif jzpfapumrlvnf; ¤if;uavmif trnf 0Suo f nf jyKpkolyif jzpfaMumif; oHo,jzpfzG,f r&Scd Jhaomf þtydk'yf g tcsurf sm;twdki;f usiho f Hk;Edkifonf/ (2) ½ky&f iS v f yk if ef; vuf&mwpfcak y:wGif ygNr&J o dS nft h wdik ;f ygonfh vlyk*¾Kv d ?f odkYr[kwf tzGJUtpnf;\ trnfonf tjcm;qefYusifbuf oufaotaxmuftxm; r&SdcJhvQif ,if;tqdkyg vuf&mudk zefwD;jyKvkyo f ltjzpf rSw, f &l rnf/ 



(3) txuftydk'f (1) wGif &nfneT ;f cJhonfh vuf&mrsm;rS ty jzpfaom trnfrodESihf uavmif0Sufvuf&mrsm;\ udpöwGirf l vuf&may:wGif azmfjyyg&Sad om xkwfa0olonf tjcm;qefu Y sib f uf oufaotaxmuftxm;rsm; r&Scd JhvQif zefwD;jyKpkoltm; udk,fpm;jyKol[k owfrSwEf dkiNf yD; ,if; owfrSwfcsut f & zefwD;jyKpkol\ &ydkicf Gihrf sm;udk umuG,f jcif;? awmif;cHjcif; jyKvkyEf kid o f nf/ þtydk'yf g owfrw S cf suf rsm;onf zefwD;jyKpkolu ¤if;\ trnfemrudk xkwaf zmf aMunmNyD; rlykdicf iG hf awmif;qdkaomtcgwGif &yfpJomG ;onf/ (4)(u) zefwD;jyKpkol\ trnfemrudk rod&aom yHkEySd f xkwfa0jcif; rjyK&ao;onfh vuf&mrsm;udpöwGif zefwD;jyKpkolonf or*¾0if Edkiif Hwpfck\ Edkiif Hom; jzpfonf[k ,HkMunfavmufaom tcsurf sm;aMumifh rSw, f El kid cf v Jh Qif zefw;D jyKpk ol\ udk,pf m; or*¾0if Edkiif rH sm; rlykid cf iG u hf muG,jf cif;? awmif;cHjcif; ponf wdkY jyKvkyEf kid &f ef t&nftcsi;f jynh0f onfh tzGJU tpnf;tm; owfrw S af y;&ef or*¾0ifEkid if u H Oya' t& aqmif&Gufay;&rnf jzpfonf/ (4)(c) ,if;odYk owfrw S af y;onfh Edkiif o H nf owfrw S af y; onfh tzGJUtpnf;ESihf pyfvsO;f orQ tcsut f vuf tjynft h pHkukd pmjzifha&;om;azmfjyí nTeMf um;a&; rSL;csKyfxH today; taMumif;Mum;&rnf/ nTeMf um; a&;rSL;csKyfu tjcm; or*¾0ifEdkifiHrsm; tm;vHk;xH ,if;udpu ö kd csucf si;f qufo, G f taMumif;Mum;ay; &rnf/ 

 

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

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 

   (1) zGUH NzK;d qJEkid if rH sm;ESihf pyfvsO;f aom txl;owfrw S cf suf rsm;udk aemufqufwGJ tjzpf xnfhoiG ;f xm;onf/ (2) tydk'f 28(1)(c)yg owfrw S cf sut f & aemufqufwJG yg tcsurf sm;onf þtufOya'\ tpdwt f ydki;f jzpfonf[k rSwf,l&rnf/



 



 

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

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 

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

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 

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

toHk;csjcif;rjyKap&/ tqdkyg oabmwlnDcsuf jyKvkyo f nfh taMumif;udk tpdk;&rsm;u nTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyfxH today; taMumif;Mum;&rnf/ (4) (u) 3ESpo f ufwrf;umv ukeq f Hk;NyD;aemuf &,lEkid f aom rnfonfh vdkipf ifciG jhf yKcsujf zpfap oufwrf;ukeq f kH;NyD; aemufxyf 6v rausmv f eG cf if xkwaf y;jcif; rjyKap&/ 1ESpf oufwrf;umv ukefqHk;NyD;aemuf &,lEkid faom rnfonfh vdkifpif cGihjf yKcsujf zpfap oufwrf;ukeq f Hk;NyD; aemufxyf 9v rausmfvGefrD xkwaf y;jcif;rjyKap&/ (1) tykd'f (4) (1) wGif azmfjyyg&Sad om vdktyf csufrsm;ESiht f nD avQmufxm;olu vdkufem aqmif &Gujf cif;jyKonfh aeYrS pí/ (2) bmomjyefqdkjcif;qdkif&m rlydkifcGifh &&Sdol\ trnfemrESifh vdyfpmudk rod&Sdaom udpöjzpfcJhvQif tydk'f (4) (2)yg owfrw S cf surf sm;ESiht f nD avQmuf xm;awmif;cHolu qdkif&mydkif&m tmPmydkifrsm;xH avQmufxm; awmif;qdkvmT wifoGi;f onfah eYrS pí/ (c) qdkcJhaom 6v? 9v oufwrf; umvtwGi;f wGif avQmufxm;cJhonfh bmompum;ESihf pyfvsO;f í bmomjyef qdkjcif; qdkif&m rlydkicf Gifh ydkiq f kid x f m;olu? odkYwnf;r[kwf ¤if;\ tcGifhtmPmvTJtyfolu yHkEySd x f kwaf 0jcif; jyKcJhonf &Sad omf þpmydk'yf g owfrw S cf sut f & rnfonfhvkyaf qmifciG hf vdkipf ifukdrS ay;tyfjcif; rjyK&/ (5) þtydk't f & rnfonfhvkyaf qmifcGifh vdkifpifukrd qdk pmoifMum;jcif;? ynm&Siaf vhvmrIjyKjcif;? okawoe vkyf jcif; ponfwdkY twGufomvQif vkyaf qmifcGihf ay;&rnf/ 

 

(6) bmomjyefvuf&mwpfckukd bmomjyefqkjd cif;qdki&f m rlydkicf Gifh &&Syd kdiq f kdio f l? odkYwnf;r[kwf ¤if;\tcGit hf mPm ay;tyfxm;olu Edkiif HwpfckwGif tjcm;tvm;oP²mefwl vuf&mrsm;tm; a&mif;csaom wefzk;d ESihf EIid ;f ,SOcf sut f m;jzifh oifhwifhrQwaom wefzdk;jzifh yHkESyd fxkwfa0jcif; jyKcJhonf qdkvQif þtydk't f & ay;tyfxm;aom vkyyf dkicf Gifhvkid pf if onf txuf tqdkyg bmomjyef yHkEydS x f kwaf 0aomvuf&m ESihf bmompum;wlnND yD; taMumif;t&mvnf; wlnaD ecJyh gu &yfpJoGm;&rnf/ vkyyf kid cf iG hf vdkipf if &yfpJjcif;rjyKrDu &SdaecJh aom pmtkyrf sm;udkrl ukefqHk;oGm;onftxd qufvufí jzefYjzL;a&mif;csjcif; jyKEdkio f nf/ (7) o½kyaf zmfyrkH sm;om t"dutm;jzifh yg0ifaom vuf&m rsm;udk pmom;tm; bmomjyefNyD; o½kyaf zmfykrH sm;tm; xyfqifh ul;,l yHkEdyS x f kwaf 0cGifhvkid fpif ay;tyfjcif;udk tydk'f (3)yg pnf;urf;owfrSwcf surf sm;twdki;f tjynft h 0 vdkufemvQif jyKvkyfEdkifonf/ (8) zefwD;jyKpkol pma&;q&mu ¤if;\ vuf&mpmtkyf rsm; tm;vHk;udk jzefYjzL;a&mif;csrIjyKjcif;rS ½kyo f rd f;cJhvQifrl vkyyf dkicf Gifhvkid fpif ay;tyfjcif; rjyKEdkifay/ (9) (u) yHkEydS x f kwaf 0jcif; jyKxm;aom? odw kY nf;r[kwf oP²mefwl xyfqifhxkwfvkyfxm;aom vuf&mwpfck\ bmomjyeftm; pmydk'f (1)wGif &nfneT ;f yg&Sad om Edkiif üH ½k;H csKyf xm;&Sdaom toHvTihv f kyfief; tzGJUtpnf;wpfcktm; txuf yg Edkiif &H dS tmPmydkipf ;kd &m tzGUJ xHavQmufxm;cJv h Qif atmufyg pnf;urf;csurf sm;ESihf nDnw G yf gu vkyyf kid cf iG hv f kid pf if ay;Edkif onf/ 



(1) qdkcNhJ yD;aomEdkiif \ H Oya'ESit hf nD &&Sx d m;aom pmtkyrf S bmomjyefqkdrI jyKjcif;/ (2) bmomjyefqrkd o I nf toHviT &hf ef twGuo f mvQif jzpfNyD; pmoifMum;&ef oufouftvdkYiSm jzpfjcif;? oD;oefY e,fy,f wpfcktwGi;f &Sd uRrf;usio f lrsm;tm; txl;jyK enf;ynmESifh odyÜHokawoe &v'frsm;udk jzefYa0ay;&efomvQif jzpfjcif;/ (3) bmomjyefvuf&mudk pnf;urf;csuf (2)wGif &nfneT ;f yg&So d nfh &nf&, G cf surf sm;twGuf oufouf Oya'ESiht f nD toHviT fhjcif;jzpfí qdkcJhonfh EdkifiH e,fajrtwGif;&Sd aomw&Sifrsm;twGufom &nf &G,jf cif;/ xko d Ykd toHviT &hf ef &nf&, G cf suf oufouf jzifh Oya'ESihfnDnGwfpGm toHtm;jzifhaomfvnf; aumif;? ½kyfjrifoHMum;tm;jzifhaomfvnf;aumif; jyKvkyx f m;aom toHvTihcf sufrsm;vnf; tygt0if jzpfonf/ (4) bmomjyefvuf&mudk toHk;jyKonfh vkyif ef; tm;vHk;onf pD;yGm;a&; &nf&G,cf sujf zifh jyKvkyrf I r[kwfjcif;/ (9) (c) toHviT v hf kyif ef; tzGJUtpnf;wpfcku þpmydk'f t& vkyyf kid cf Gihv f dkipf ifjzifh jyKvkyfcJhaom toH? odkYr[kwf ½kyo f w H pfcu k kd pmydk'cf JG (u)wGif &nfneT ;f yg&Sad om pnf;urf; owfrSwcf surf sm;? &nf&G,cf surf sm;ESihf udkun f Dygu xdk toHvTihf tzGJUtpnf;\ oabmwlnDcsufjzifh ½kH;csKyf wnf&Sd &m Edkiif H\ tmPmydkifpdk;aom tzGJUtpnf;u vkyfykid fcGihf vdkipf ifay;cJhvQif tjcm;toHviT hf vkyif ef;tzGUJ tpnf;wpfcku 

 

toHk;jyKEdkio f nf/ (*) pmydk'fcGJ (u)yg pnf;urf;owfrSwfcsufrsm; trsKd; tpm;rsm;ESihf nDnw G o f nf qdkygvQif toHvTihv f kyif ef; tzGJU tpnf;wpfcktm; ½kyo f Hvuf&mwpfckukd pepfwus oifMum; jyo&ef &nf&, G cf suf oufouftwGuf bmomjyefqkd toHk; jyKcGihv f dkipf if ay;Edkio f nf/ (C) pmydk'cf JG (u) rS (*) txd pmydk'rf sm;wGif yg&Sad om pnf;urf;owfrSwfcsufrsm;udk þpmtydk'ft& ay;tyfaom rnfonfv h kyyf kid cf iG hf vdkipf ifukrd qdk vkyaf qmif&mü toH;k jyKEdkif onf/    (1) þtydk'fwGifyg&Sdaom pnf;urf;csufrsm;twdkif; vdkufemapmifhxdef;ygrnf[k xkwfazmfaMunmxm;onfh rnfonfh Edkiif rH qdk tydk'f (9)t& ay;tyfxm;aom wpfyg;ol ESifh roufqkid f? oD;oeft Y cGifhta&;tjzpf xyfqifhxkwfvkyf cGifh tcGiht f a&;udk tcGit fh mPmydkipf kd;aom tzGJUtpnf;u tydk'f (4)ESit hf nD csrw S af om atmufyg pnf;urf;owfrw S f csurf sm;t& oD;oefYr[kwaf om? vTaJ jymif;jcif; rjyKEdkiaf om vdkifpifrsm;jzifh tpm;xdk;aqmif&GufydkifcGifh &So d nf/ (2) (u) pmyd'k f (7) yg owfrw S cf surf sm;t& þtydk'u f kd usiho f Hk;aom vuf&mwpfckESifh pyfvsOf;í (1) pmydk'f (3)wGif owfrw S x f m;onfh oufqkid &f m umv jzpfaom vuf&mwpfck\ yxr yHkEySd fxkwf a0aomaeY&ufrS pí [laom pum;&yf? odkYwnf; r[kwf? 



(2) pmydk'f (1)wGif &nfnTe;f aom Edkiif HtrsK;d om; Oya'jzifh jy|mef;xm;onfh ydkrk&d Snv f sm;aom umv udk tqdkygaeYrS tpjyKí[laom pum;&yfwdkY oufwrf;ukeq f k;H NyD; aemufwGif tqdyk g yHEk ySd x f w k af 0 aom pmtkyu f kd ,if;Edkiif w H iG f trsm;jynfol vlxktm; jzefaY 0jcif;rjyKawmhvQif? odw kY nf;r[kwf pepf wus nTejf yoifMum;a&;vkyif ef;rsm; tvdikY mS tqdyk g Edkiif &H dS tvm;wl vuf&mrsm;udk a&mif;csaom aps;EIef; rsm;ESiht f nD xyfqifhxkwv f kycf Gifh ydkiq f dkiaf omol? odkYr[kwf ¤if;u tcGihf tmPm vTt J yfjcif;cH&ol rnfonfEh kid if o H m;rqdk oifMum;a&; vkyif ef;rsm;wGif toHk;jyK&ef twGuf ¤if;aps;EIe;f rsm;atmuf avsmhus aom aps;EIef;jzifh jzpfap xyfqifhxkwfvkyf&ef vdkifpif &,lEkid fonf/ (c) tu,fí owfrSwu f mv ukeq f Hk;csdefü tqdkyg pmtkyu f kd ,if;Edkiif üH a&mif;csjcif; rjyKonfrmS 6v Mumjrifh cJhNyD;jzpfvQif? odkYwnf;r[kwf ydkrdk enf;yg;aom aps;EIe;f jzifh oifMum;a&;vkyfief;rsm;wGif toHk;jyK&efjzpfvQif pmydk'fcGJ (u) wGif azmfjyxm;onft h wdki;f jzefaY 0cJo h nfh ,if;pmtkyu f kd xyfqifhxkwfvkyf&ef vdkifpifudk ay;tyfjcif; jyKEdkio f nf/ (3) pmydk'f (2) (u) (1) wGif &nfnTe;f aomumvonf atmufyg >cif;csufrsm;rSvGJvQif 5ESpf jzpfap&rnf/ (1) ocsFmESifh enf;ynmrsm; tygt0if jzpfaom obm0ESifh ½lyodyÜHynm&yfrsm;qdkif&m vuf&mrsm; jzpfvQif umv owfrw S cf surf mS 3ESpf jzpfap&rnf/ 

 

(2) pdwful;jzifh zefwD;aom 0w¬K? uAsm? Zmwf? *DwESihf yef;csD tEkynmpmtkyrf sm; jzpfcv hJ Qif umv owfrSwcf surf Sm 7 ESpf jzpfap&rnf/ (4)(u) 3 ESpu f keq f Hk;NyD;aemuf &,lEdkio f nfh rnfonfh vdkifpifudkrqdk þtydk'f t& (1)tydk'f (4)(1)wGif azmfjyyg&Sad om vdktyfcsurf sm; ESit hf nD avQmufxm;onfh aeYrpS í? odkw Y nf;r[kwf (2) xyfqifhxkwv f kycf Gifh &&Sdykid fqdkifol\ trnf emrESihf ae&yfvyd pf mudk rod&cSd JhvQif avQmufxm;ol u tydk'f (4)(2)yg owfrSwfcsufrsm; twdkif; qdki&f mydki&f m tmPmydkirf sm;xH avQmufxm;cJhonfh rdwåLudk ay;ydkYonfhaeYrSpí 6v rausmfrD umv twGi;f xkwfay;jcif;r&Sdap&/ (c) tjcm;aomumvrsm; ukeq f Hk;NyD;aemuf vdkipf if &,l Edkicf iG &hf cdS NhJ yD; tydk'f (4)(2)t& aqmif&u G yf kid cf iG v hf nf; &Scd ahJ omf avQmufvTmrdwåL ay;ydkYonfh&uf aemuf 3v rausmv f Gef rcsi;f vdkipf ifudk xkwfay;jcif;r&Sad p&/ (*) pmydk'cf GJ (u)ESifh (c)wGif &nfnTef;aom 3v? odkYr[kwf 6v umvtwGif; pmydk'f (2)(u)wGif azmfjy xm;onfh jzefYa0rIjyKjcif; &Scd JhvQif þtydk'ft& rnfonfh vdkifpifrS xkwaf y;jcif;r&Sdap&/ (C) pma&;olu xyfqifh xkwv f kyjf zefYa0xm;aom pmtkyt f m;vHk;udk jyefvnf½kyo f rd ;f cJhonf&Sdaomf rnfonfh vdkifpif avQmufxm;jcif;udkrS xkwfay;jcif;r&Sad p&/





(5) atmufygudp&ö yfrsm;wGif bmomjyefvuf&mwpfckukd xyfqifhxkwv f kyjf cif;? ykHEydS x f kwaf 0jcif; vdkipf ifukd xkwaf y; jcif; r&Sdap&/ (1) bmomjyefqckd iG hf &&So d l? odw kY nf;r[kwf ¤if;u tcGihf tmPm vTt J yfay;olu bmomjyefqkd xkwaf 0jcif; r[kwjf cif;/ (2) bmomjyefqkx d m;jcif;onf avQmufxm;onfhEkid if üH trsm;oHk;pGJvsuf&Sdaom bmompum; r[kwfjcif;/ (6) xyfqifh xkwv f yk cf iG &hf &So d u l ? odw Yk nf;r[kwf ,if;\ tmPm vTJtyfay;olu pmydk'f (1)wGif &nfnTe;f aom Edkiif üH oifhwifah vsmufywfaom aps;EIef;jzifh pmtkyfudk xkwfa0 jzefYcsdjcif; jyKcJhvQif þtydk'ft& ay;tyfcJhaom rnfonfh vdkipf ifrqdk &yfqkid ;f oGm;ap&rnf/ vdkipf if½kyo f rd ;f &yfqkid ;f jcif; rjyKrDu jzefYa0cJhaom pmtkyfrsm;udkrl ukeq f Hk;onftxd qufvufjzefaY 0 a&mif;cscGih&f o Sd nf/ (7) (u) pmydk'fcGJ (c) t& þtydk'u f kd usiho f Hk;aom vuf&mrsm;onf yHkESdyfxkwfa0aom? odkYr[kwf tvm; oP²mefwl xyfqifx h kwaf 0aomvuf&mrsm;[kom uefYowf xm;&rnf/ (7)(c) þtyd'k o f nf Oya'ESit hf nD aqmif&u G x f m;aom ½kyfjrifoHMum; jyKvkyfcsufrsm;ESifh ¤if;jyKvkyfcsufrsm;xJwGif tygt0if jzpfaom vuf&mrsm;tm; xyfqifhxkwfvkyjf cif;? txJwGiyf g0ifaom pmom;rsm;tm; avQmufxm;jcif;jyKonfh Edkiif üH trsm;oHk;jzpfaom bmompum;jzifh bmomjyefqkjd cif; ponfh udpö&yfrsm;wGifvnf; qdkcJhaom ½kyfjrifoHMum; jyKvkyfcsufonf pepfwus oifMum;jyoa&;vkyfief;rsm; 

 

twGu[ f laom wpfckwnf;aom &nf&G,fcsufjzifh jyifqif yHkESdyx f kwfa0jcif;jzpfcJhvQif usifhoHk;jcif;jyKEdkio f nf/    (1) tydk'f (2) odrkY [kwf tydk'f (3) t& vdkipf if avQmuf xm;oltm; oufqkdi&f mEdkiif H\ vkyfxHk;vkyef nf;rsm;ESiht f nD rdrd\ avQmufxm;csufudk tcGit fh mPmydkifpkd;olu bmom jyefqkd xkwaf 0cGi?hf odrYk [kwf ul;,lxkwaf 0cGiu hf kd jiif;y,fjcif; jyKcJhonf[k taxmuftxm;jzifh wifjyEdkifvQifaomf vnf; aumif;? rdru d vHv kY pdkux f kwjf cif; jyKcahJ omfjim;vnf; rlykid cf iG hf ydkif&Siftm; &SmazG rawGU&SdcJhaMumif; jyoEdkifcJhvQifaomf vnf;aumif; vdik pf ifukd ay;tyfjcif;jyKEikd o f nf/ avQmufxm;rI jyKvkyo f nfh tcsed Ef Sifh wpfNydKifeufwnf; avQmufxm;ol onf pmydk'f (2)wGif &nfnTef;yg&Sdonfhtwdkif; qdkif&mEdkiif H? odYrk [kwf Edkiif w H um&Sd jyefMum;a&;Xmersm;udkvnf; today; taMumif;Mum;jcif; jyK7rnf/ (2) rlydkifcGifh ydki&f Sifudk &SmazGrawGUEdkifcJhvQif vdkifpif xkwfay;&ef tcGit hf mPmydkipf dk;aom tzGJUokdY avQmufxm; aom avQmufvmT rdwåLrsm;udk pmtkyaf y:wGif azmfjyxm;aom xkwfa0olESifh xkwfa0ol\ yifrvkyfief;wnf&m EdkifiH tpdk;&u nTeMf um;a&;rSL;csKyfxH today; taMumif;Mum; vsuf owfrSwcf Jhaom Edkiif H? odkYr[kwf EdkifiHwum owif; jyefMum;a&;XmeodkY rSwfyHkwif acsmpmjzifh ay;ydkY&rnf/ (3) tydk'f (2) odrYk [kwf tydk'f (3) t& ay;tyfxm;aom vdkifpifjzifh xkwfa0cJhaom bmomjyef? odkYr[kwf xyfqifh ul;,lxkwfvkyfonfh pmtkyw f kid f;tay:wGif pma&;q&m\ 



trnfudk azmfjyjcif;jyK&rnf/ pmtkyf\ acgif;pOfvnf; pmtkyw f kid ;f wGif yg&S&d rnf/ bmomjyefqkad om pmtkyjf zpfvQif rl&if; pmtkyf\ acgif;pOfudk qdkcJhNyD;aom pmtkyfwkid ;f wGif yg&Sd&rnf/ (4) (u) tydk'f (2) odrYk [kwf tydk'f (3) t& cGijhf yKcahJ om vdkipf ifukd Edkiif jH cm;odkY wifyYakd &mif;csjcif; jyK&eftxd cGijhf yKjcif; r&Sdap&/ ,if;tqdkyg vdkifpifcGihjf yKcsufonf bmom jyef qdkjcif; xyfqifu h l;,l xkwaf 0jcif;jyK&ef avQmufxm;cJah om Edkiif HtwGif;üomvQif tusHK;0ifonf/ (4) (c) tyd'kf cf JG (u) yg Edkiif Hjcm;odkY wifykdYjcif;[lonf pmtkyrf sm;udk a'owpfckrSaeí ¤if;a'otm; ½kad oav;pm; aomtm;jzifh tydk'f (1) (5) t& xkwaf zmfaMunmxm;onfh Edkiif Hvnf; tygt0if jzpfap&rnf/ (4) (*) tydk'f (2) t& t*Fvyd b f mom? jyifopfbmom? odkYr[kwf pydefbmomwdkYrS vGJí tjcm;bmomwpfckodkY bmomjyefqdk&ef cGifhjyKcsuf ay;tyfcJhaomEdkifiHrS tpdk;&? odkYr[kwf tjcm;tpdk;&Xme wpfckckrS tqdkyg pmtkyrf sm;udk tjcm;Edkiif H wpfckokYd wifykYdjcif;jyKcJv h Qif atmufygtcsurf sm; ESihf nDnw G yf gu pmydk'cf JG (u)wGif qdkco Jh nfhtwdki;f Edkiif Hjcm; odkY wifydkYjcif;[k t"dyÜm,foufa&mufjcif; r&Sday/ (1) vufc&H &So d rl sm;onf cGijhf yKcsuf ay;cJah om Edkiif H \ Edik if o H m;rsm;jzpfjcif;? odw Yk nf;r[kwf ,if;tqdyk g Edkiif Hom;rsm; pkaygif;zGJUpnf;xm;aom tzGJUtpnf; jzpfjcif;/ (2) pmtkyrf sm;udk oifMum;jcif;? avhvmqnf;yl;jcif;? odkYr[kwf okawoe jyKvkyjf cif; ponfh &nf&G,f 

 

csut f wGufomvQif toHk;jyK&efjzpfjcif;/ (3) pmtkyrf sm;udk ay;ydjYk cif;ESihf vufco H x l H ta&muf jzefaY 0jcif; ponfwkYw d Gif ukeo f , G af &; &nf&, G cf suf ryg&Sdjcif;/ (4) pmtkyrf sm; ay;ydkYcH&aom EdkifiHu xkwaf 0cGihf jyKcJhaom EdkifiHEiS hf pmtkyrf sm;udk vufcHjcif;? jzefYa0 jcif; cGihjf yK&ef oabmwlnDrI &&Sx d m;jcif;? ,if;odkY oabmwlnDrI &&Sdxm;aMumif;udk nTeMf um;a&;rSL; csKyfxH wifjytoday;rI aqmif&Gufjcif;/ (5)tydk'f (2) odrYk [kwf tydk'f (3) t& cGijhf yKcsujf zifh yHkEydS x f kwaf 0jcif; jyKcJah om pmtkyt f m;vHk;wGif ,if; pmtkyrf sm;tm; txuftqdyk g cGijhf yKcsuu f kd usiho f Hk; Edkio f nfh EdkifiH? odkYr[kwf e,fajra'orsm;wGifom a&mif;cscGi&hf aSd Mumif; oifhavsm&f m bmompum;jzifh azmfjy owday;csuf yg&Sjd cif;/ (6)(u) Edkiif t H qifh oifah vsm&f m pnf;urf;owfrw S cf suf udk (1) ay;tyfcJhaom cGifhjyKcsuo f nf bmomjyefqkdciG fh? xyfqifhul;,l xkwfvkyfcGifh rlydki&f &Sdol\ tusKd;tvkdYiSm oufqkid f&mEdkiif H 2ckrS um,uH&iS frsm;tMum; vGwfvyfpGm aqG;aEG;n§Ed iId ;f &mrS &&Scd hJaom ÓPfyal ZmfcESihf udkun f Djcif;/ (2) ÓPfyal Zmfcudk ay;tyfjcif;? vTyJ kYjd cif; udpüö qdki&f mEdkiif H \ aiGaMu;rl0g'rsm;u wm;qD;xm;cJhvQif tcGit fh mPm ydkipf dk;aom tmPmydkirf sm;u tpGr;f ukefBuKd;pm;tm;xkwfí Edkiif Hwumü vJvS,o f Hk;pGJEkid o f nfh aiGaMu;? odYrk [kwf wefzk;d tm;jzifh nDrQaom t&mudk vTJykYd&ef aqmif&u G jf cif; ponfh tcsurf sm;ESihf nDnw G cf v hJ Qif aqmif&u G jf yKvkyfoGm;rnf/ 



(6) (c) wdusreS u f efaom bmomjyef? odrYk [kwf xyfqifh ul;,l xkwv f kyfjcif; jzpfap&eftwGuf oifhwifhavsmufywf aom pnf;urf; owfrw S cf suu f kd Edkiif H Oya'jyK vTwaf wmfu jyKvkyfay;&rnf/    (1) (u) tydk'f (2)wGif ay;tyfxm;onft h wdki;f vdkuef m aqmif&Gujf cif; jyKygrnf[k xkwaf zmf aMunmxm;aom rnfonfhEkid if rH qdk tufOya'udk twnfjyK vufrw S af &;xdk; onfh? odkYr[kwf yg0ifyl;aygif;onfh tcsed üf (1) tydk'f 30 (2)(u)wGif tusHK;0ifaom EdkifiHwpfckjzpfcJhvQif ,if; owfrSwfcsuft& bmomjyefqdkcGihEf Sifh pyfvsOf;onftxd xkwaf zmfaMunmjcif; jyKEkid o f nf/ (2) tydk'(f 30)(2)(u)wGif tusKH;r0ifaom Edkiif w H pfckjzpfvQif or*¾ jyify&Sd Edkiif w H pfck r[kwaf pumrl tydk'f (30)(2)(c) yxr0guswiG f yg&So d nfh twdki;f xkwaf zmfaMunmjcif; jyK&rnf/ (1) (c)/ tydk'f (1)(1) wGif &nfnTe;f xm;onfh zGHUNzKd;qJ Edkiif HwpfEdkiif Honf ,if;odkY owfrSwfcHxm;&jcif; &yfqkid ;f oGm;cJhonf &Sad omf þpmydk't f & jyKvkycf Jhaom xkwjf yef aMunmcsufonf tydk'f (1) (3) wGif owfrSwx f m;aom umv ukeq f k;H oGm;csed t f xd tmPmoufa&mufjcif; &Sad pvdrhf rnf/ (1) (*)/ þpmydk't f & xkwaf zmfaMunmjcif; jyKcJhaom rnfonfhEkid fiHrqdk tydk'f (2) wGif azmfjyonfh tcsufrsm; tm; xkwfazmfaMunmrIudk ½kyfodrf;cJhonfhwdkif vufcH aqmif&Gujf cif;rjyKbJ aevdku aeEdkifonf/ 

 

(2)/ tyd'k f (2) wGif azmfjyyg&So d nfh tcsurf sm;tm; vufcH aqmif&Gujf cif; jyKcJhaom rnfonfhEdkiif Hrqdk tydk'f (1)wGif azmfjyxm;onft h wdki;f xkwaf zmfaMunmjcif; rjyKbJ aevdku aeEdkifonf/ (3)/ tydk'f (1) wGif &nfnTe;f xm;onfhtwdkif; zGHUNzKd;qJ Edkiif [ H k owfrw S x f m;jcif;rS &yfpJomG ;aom rnfonfEh kid if rH qdk tydk'f (13) t& owfrSwx f m;aom umvoufwrf; rukef qHk;rD tenf;qH;k 2ESpcf efY BuKdwifí tydk'f 30 (2)(c)ygtwdki;f xdkokYd &yfpJoGm;aMumif;udk xkwaf zmfaMunmjcif; jyK&rnf/ or*¾jyify&Sd Edkiif Hwpfckr[kwfapumrl xdkokdY aqmif&Gu&f rnf/ tqdkyg xkwfazmfaMunmcsuo f nf tydk'f (1)(3)yg umvoufwrf; ukefqHk;csed rf Spí tmPmoufa&mufjcif; &Sdapvdrfhrnf/    (1) or*¾0if rnfonfhEdkiif Hrqdk þtufOya' pwif onfah eYEiS hf tydk'f (1)rS (21)txd tjyif þaemufqufwyJG g tcsurf sm;udk vdkuef monfah eY rwdkirf Dtcsdeu f pí (1) tydk'f (1)rS tydk'(f 21)txdESifh þaemufqufwGJyg tcsurf sm;udk vdkuef mapmifhxed ;f onfh Edkiif Hwpfck jzpfcJhvQif tyd k ' f ( 1)(1)wG i f &nf ñ T e f ; xm;aom tcsuf r sm;ud k vdkuef mapmifhxed ;f &ef wm0ef&do S nf/ xdkYjyif atmufpmydk'f (2)wGif azmfjyxm;onft h wdki;f pnf;urf;owfrw S cf surf sm;udk vku d femapmifhxdef;aom Edkiif HwpfckrS vuf&mrsm;udk tydk'f (2)odkrY [kwf tydk'f (3) odkYwnf;r[kwf ESpcf kpvHk;yg tcsuf rsm; twkdi;f vdkuef mrnf[k xkwaf zmfaMunmjcif; jyKvQif 



,if; aMunm csuo f nf tydk'f (2)tm; &nfnTef;rnft h pm; tydk'f (5)tm; &nfnTef;Edkio f nf/ (2) txufpmydk'f (1) ygtwdkif; xkwaf zmfaMunmxm; aom Edkiif rH sm;? odrYk [kwf tydk'f (1) ygtwdik ;f xkwjf yef tod ay;xm;aom EdkifiHrsm;rS vuf&mrsm;udk þaemufqufwJGyg owfrSwcf surf sm;twdki;f vdkufemygrnf[k xkwfazmf0efcH ajymMum;xm;jcif; jyK&rnf/ (3) tydk'f (1) t&jyKvkyfaom xkwfazmfaMunmcsuf rSeo f rQukd pmjzifh a&;om;jyKvky&f rnfjzpfNyD; nTeMf um;a&;rSL; csKyfxH tyfESHxm;&rnf/ xdkodkY tyfESHonfhaeYrS pí tusK;d oufa&mufrI &Sad p&rnf/



 

                           þoabmwlnDcsut f & ay;tyfcahJ om umuG,f apmifh a&SmufrIonf pmayESihf tEkynmvuf&mrsm; rlykid cf Gihf um uG,f apmifah &Smufjcif;udk rnfonfhenf;ESifhrQ xdcdkujf cif; r&Sad p&/ xdkenf;wlpmG þoabmwlncD suyf g tcsurf sm;udk t"dymÜ ,fziG hq f kjd cif;onf tqdkyg umuG,af pmifah &Smufjcif;udk rnfonfhenf;ESifhrS xdyg;jcif; r&Sdap&/   (1) þoabmwlnDcsuw f Gif vmonfh Edkiif Haqmif&Guf ydkicf Gifh qdkonfrSm atmufygwdkYESihf ywfoufí umuG,frI awmif;cHonft h cg umuG,frI awmif;qdkonfh pmcsKyf0if 



wdkif;jynf&Sd jynfwGif;Oya'ESifhtnD aqmif&GufcJhjcif;udk qdkvkd&if;jzpfonf/ (u)obifonfrsm;onf ¤if;EdkifiHom;rsm;jzpfNyD; ¤if; Edik if H e,ferd w d t f wGi;f wGif pwif zefw;D jcif;? wifquf ujyjcif;? toHvTihjf cif; jyKvkycf Jhjcif;/ (c) "mwfjym; xkwv f kyfolrsm;onf ¤if;Edkiif Hom;rsm; jzpfNyD; ¤if;Edkiif H e,ferd dwf twGi;f wGif pwifzefwD; jcif;? pwifxkwv f kyjf cif;/ (*) toHviT hv f kyif ef; tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;onf ¤if;\ ½k;H csKyf udk ¤if;Edkiif H e,ferd w d ftwGi;f wGif xm;&Sjd cif;? Edkiif H e,ferd w d f twGi;f &Sd xyfqifhxkwv f Tihf puf½kHrsm;rS toHvTihv f kyif ef; vkyu f kid faqmif&Gujf cif;/ (2) Edkiif Haqmif&u G yf kid cf iG ho f nf þoabmwlnDcsuw f iG f jy|mef;í tmrcHcsuaf y;xm;aom? jy|mef;í uefYowfxm; aom umuG,af pmifah &SmufrIrsm;ESiht f nD jzpfap&rnf/    þoabmwlnDcsufwGif qdkvko d nfh ... (u)]obifonfrsm;} qdo k nfrmS o½kyaf qmifrsm;? oDcsi;f onfrsm;? *DwwD;rIwfolrsm;? uacsonfrsm;ESifh pmayESihf tEkynmvuf&mrsm;udk o½kyfaqmifol rsm;? oDqko d rl sm;? xkwv f kyo f rl sm;? oDqkad [majymol pmajymq&mrsm;? yg0ifujyolrsm;tMum; wpfenf; enf;jzifh wifqufujyolrsm;/ (c) ]"mwfjym;} qdkonfrmS wifqufazsmaf jzrIwpfckckukd 

 

EIwaf &;oufoufjzifo h m? odkYr[kwf tjcm;toH rsm;jzifhom pDrHxm;onfh t&mrsm;/ (*) ]"mwfjym; xkwv f kyo f l} qdkonfrSm wifqufazsmf ajzrI wpfcu k kd EIwaf &; oufoufjzifh odrYk [kwf tjcm; toHrsm;jzifh yxrqHk; pwifprD o H l odkrY [kwf Oya' t& ydkifa&;ydkifcGihf &Sdolrsm;/ (C)]xkwaf 0jcif;} qdkonfrSm trsm;jynfolvlxktm; "mwfjym;rsm;udk avsmfuefoifhjrwfonfh ta& twGufjzifh jzefYcsday;jcif;rsm;/ (i) ]xyfqifx h kwv f yk jf cif;} qdkonfrmS rl&if; pDrx H m;csuf wpfckukd yHkwlul;,lxkwv f kyjf cif;rsm;/ (p) ]toHvTihjf cif;} qdkonfrSm trsm;jynfolvlxkxHokYd toHjzpfap toHESihf t½kyyf gjzpfap a&muf&o Sd Gm;ap &ef BuKd;rJh toHviT hx f kwv f iT hf jcif;enf;jzifh xkwv f iT hf jcif;rsm;/ (q)]xyfqift h oHvTihjf cif;} qdkonfrmS toHviT hv f kyif ef; tzGJUtpnf;wpf&yf\ toHvTifhcsurf sm;udk tjcm; toHvTihv f kyif ef;tzGJUtpnf;wpf&yfu wpfNyKdief uf wnf; toHvTifhay;jcif;rsm;udk qdkvdkjcif;jzpfonf/    pmcsKyf0ifEkid if Hwkid ;f onf obifonfrsm;tm; atmufyg owfrSwcf suw f pfckckEiS hf nDnw G cf v Jh Qif Edkiif H aqmif&u G yf kid cf iG hf udk ay;tyfjcif; jyKEdkifonf/ (u)azsmaf jzwifqufjcif;onf tjcm; pmcsKyf0if EdkifiH wpfckü jyKvkycf Jhjcif;/ 



(c) þoabmwlnDcsuyf g tydk'f (5)t& umuG,frI jyKxm;onfh "mwfjym;xJwGif xnhfoGif;yg0ifaom azsmaf jzwifqufrI jzpfjcif;/ (*) azsmaf jzwifqufrIonf "mwfjym;xJwGif xnfhoiG ;f xm;jcif; r[kwfaomfvnf; þoabmwlnDcsuyf g tydk'f (6)t& umuG,frIjyKxm;onfh toHvTifh vkyif ef;u xkwv f kyfjcif;/   (1) pmcsKyf0if Edkiif Hwkdif;onf atmufyg owfrSwcf suf wpfckckESifh nDnGwcf JhvQif "mwfjym;xkwv f kyo f ltm; Edkiif H aqmif&Guyf dkicf Gifhukd ay;tyfjcif; jyKEdkio f nf/ (u) "mwfjym;xkwfvkyfolonf tjcm; pmcsKyf0if EdkifiH wpfck\ Edkiif o H m;jzpfjcif;/ (Edkiif Hom;jzpfrI owfrw S f csuf) (c) rlvtoHoGi;f ,lrIudk tjcm; pmcsKyf0ifEkid if Hwpfckü jyKvkycf jhJ cif;/ (vkyif ef; aqmif&u G rf I owfrw S cf su)f (*) "mwfjym;udk tjcm;pmcsKyf0ifEkid if w H pfckü rlv xkwf vkycf Jhjcif;/ (xkwfa0rl owfrSwfcsuf) (2) pmcsKyf0if r[kwfaom Edkiif Hwpfckü "mwfjym;udk yxrxkwaf 0cJo h nf jzpfaomfvnf; xdkokyYd xrtBudrf xkwf a0onfah eYrS &ufaygif; 30twGi;f tjcm;pmcsKyf0if EdkifiH wpfckwGifvnf; xkwaf 0jcif;jyKcJhvQif (wpfNyKdief ufwnf; xkwaf 0jcif;) pmcsKyf0if Edkiif Hü rlv xkwaf 0jcif;[k ,lqEdkif onf/ 

 

(3) ukvor*¾tzGJU\ twGi;f a&;rSL;csKyfxH today; taMumif;Mum;pm ay;ydjkY cif;tm;jzifh pmcsKyf0if Edkiif H wpfEkid if H onf xkwaf 0rI owfrw S cf suu f kd jzpfap? vkyif ef;aqmif&u G f rI owfrw S cf suu f kjd zpfap vdkuef musio hf Hk;jcif; rjyKEdkiaf Mumif; aMunmjcif; jyKEdkio f nf/ ,if;odkY today;taMumif;Mum;jcif; udk pmcsKyf twnfjyKcsde?f vufcHcsde?f yl;aygif;yg0ifcsde?f odkYwnf;r[kwf ,if;odkY aqmif&u G Nf yD;aemuf wpfcsdecf sed w f Gif jyKvkyEf kdio f nf/ xdkokYd jyKvkyo f nfh aemuf 6 vMumjrifhonfh tcsdefwGif pwif tusK;d oufa&mufjcif; &Sad pvdrfhrnf/    (1) pmcsKyf0ifEdkiif Hwkid ;f onf atmufyg owfrSwfcsuf wpfckESifh nDnGwfcJh vQif toHvTifhvkyfief;tzGJUtpnf; wpf&yftm; EdkifiHaqmif&Gufykid fcGihf ay;tyfjcif; jyKEdkio f nf/ (u) toHviT fhvkyif ef;\ ½kH;csKyfonf tjcm; pmcsKyf0if Edkiif H wpfckwGif wnf&Sdjcif;/ (c) toHviT jhf cif;vkyif ef;udk tjcm; pmcsKyf0ifEkid if H wpfck wGif wnf&o Sd nfh xyfqifhviT fh puf½kHrS aqmif&Guf jcif;/ (2)ukvor*¾tzGJU\ twGif;a&;rSL;csKyfxH today; taMumif;Mum;pm ay;ydkYjcif;tm;jzifh pmcsKyf0ifEkid if H wpfEkid if H onf tjcm; pmcsKyf0if EdkifiHwpfEkid fiHwGif ½k;H csKyfwnf&SdNyD; ¤if;ae&m&Sd xyfqifv h iT hf puf½Hrk S xkwv f iT ahf om toHviT hcf suf udkomvQif umuG,frI jyKvkyfrnfhtaMumif; xkwfazmf aMunmEdkifonf/ ,if;odkY today;taMumif;Mum;jcif;udk pmcsKyf twnfjyKcsed ?f vufccH sed ?f yl;aygif;yg0ifcsed ?f odkYwnf; 



r[kwf ,if;wdkY aqmif&GufNyD;aemuf wpfcsed cf sed w f Gif jyKvkyf Edkio f nf/ xdkodkY jyKvkyfonfh aemuf 6v Mumjrifhonfh tcsdefwGif pwif tusK;d oufa&mufjcif; &Sad pvdrhrf nf/    "mwfjym;xkwv f kyo f rl sm;onf ¤if;wdY\ k "mwfjym;rsm;tm; wdku½f ku d jf zpfap? oG,0f ku d í f jzpfap xyfqifhxkwv f kyjf cif;udk cGifhjyKjcif;? odkYwnf;r[kwf wm;jrpfydwfyifjcif; vkyyf kid cf Gihf &Sdonf/    ukeo f , G af &; &nf&, G cf sujf zifh xkwaf 0xm;aom "mwfjym; wpfcsyf? odkYwnf;r[kwf ¤if;"mwfjym;udk xyfqifhxkwv f kyf xm;aom t&mtm; toHvTifhvkyfief;twGuf wdkuf½dkuf toH;k jyKjcif;? odw kY nf;r[kwf trsm;jynfov l x l kxH qufo, G f ay;ydkYjcif; jyKvkycf v hJ Qif toHk;jyKolu azsmaf jzwifqufrrI sm;? odkYwnf;r[kwf 2OD;pvHk;tm; wpfBudrw f nf;aom xdkufoifh onfh tcaMu;aiGudk ay;&rnf/ xdktzGJUrsm;Mum;wGif oabmwlnDcsuf pmcsKyfr&Sjd zpfcJhvQif ,if;tcaMu;aiGukd cGJa0,la&;qdkif&m pnf;urf;csufrsm;udk jynfwGif;Oya't& csrSwfEdkifonf/    toHvTifhvkyif ef; tzGJUtpnf;rsm;onf atmufygwdkYESihf ywfoufí cGijhf yKjcif;? odw kY nf;r[kwf wm;jrpfyw d yf ifjcif;wdkY jyKvkyyf kdicf Gihf &So d nf/ 

 

(u)¤if;wdkY\ toHviT hcf surf sm;tm; xyfqifh toHviT hf jcif;? (c) ¤if;wdkY\ toHvTifhcsufrsm;tm; wpfenf;wpfzHk jyKjyifzefwD;í toHvTifhjcif;? (*) xyfqifh xkwv f kyjf cif;?

(1) ¤if;wdkY\ toHvTifhcsufrsm;tm; ¤if;wdkY\ oabmwlncD suf r&Sb d J wpfenf;wpfzkH jyKjyifzefwD; í toHvTifhjcif;?

(2) ¤if;wdkY\ toHviT hcf sufrsm;tm; tydk'f (15)yg pnf;urf;csufrsm;ESifhtnD wpfenf;wpfzHkjyKjyif zefwD;í toHvTih&f mü xyfqifhxkwfvTihjf cif;onf tqdkyg pnf;urf; owfrSwcf surf sm;wGif &nfnTef; xm;onfrsm; ESihrf wl jcm;em; aom &nf&, G cf sujf zifh xyfqifh xkwfvkyfxm;jcif;?

(C)¤if;wd\ Yk ½kyjf rifoMH um; xkwv f iT hcf surf sm;udk jynfol vlxktrsm;tm; qufoG,fay;ydkY&mü xdkokdY jyKvkyf jcif;onf jynfol vltrsm; oGm;vm0ifxu G Ef kid af om ae&mrsm;ü tc0ifaMu;,lí jyKvkyfjcif;jzpfvQif rlykid cf Gihf awmif;qdkaom Edkiif H\ jynfwiG ;f Oya'rsm; t& pnf;urf;owfrSwcf surf sm; csrSwu f siho f Hk;Edkif onf/    þoabmwlpmcsKyft& umuG,af pmifah &SmufrI ay;jcif; onf (u) wpfenf;wpfzHk jyKjyifzefwD;jcif;onf "mwfjym;ESihf 



"mwfjym;xJwGif tygt0if jzpfaom wifquf azsmfajzrIrsm;? (c) wifqufazsmaf jzrI jyKvkyjf cif;onf "mwfjym;xJwiG f tygt0if r[kwfaom wifqufazsmaf jzrIrsm;? (*) toHvTifh&eftwGuf toHvTifhjcif;rsm; ponfwdkY twGuf jzpfvQif ,if;odkY vkyaf qmifonfhESpfumv tqkH;rS pwifa&wGufygu tESpf 20 jynfhNyD;onfh tcsdefumvtxd wnf&v Sd rd hrf nf/    (1) oabmwlpmcsKyftzGJU0if rnfonfhEdkifiHrqdk ¤if;\ jynfwGif; Oya'rsm;? enf;Oya'rsm;wGif atmufyg udpö&yf rsm;ESihf pyfvsOf;í oabmwlpmcsKyfü tmrcHcsuf ay;xm; aom umuG,af pmifah &SmufrrI S >cif;csurf sm; xm;&Sad y;&rnf/ (u)udk,fykdif yk*¾vu d toHk;jyKjcif;? (c) vwfwavm udpö&yfrsm;udk owif;a&;om; ay;ydkY jcif;ESifh pyfvsOf;í aumufEkwfcsufwkdrsm; tjzpf toHk;jyKjcif;? (*) toHvTifhvkyfief;tzGJUtpnf;wpfcku ¤if;udk,fydkif toHvTi&fh eftwGuf ¤if;udk,yf kid yf pön;f rsm;udk oHk;í tcd kuftwefYrQ wpfenf;wpfzH k jyKjyifzef wD;rI jyKvkyfjcif;?

(C)oifMum;a&;ESihf odyÜHokawoe vkyif ef;rsm;twGuf oufouf toHk;jyKjcif;?

(2) þtydk'f\ pmydk'f (3) u rnfokYd qdkxm;onfyif jzpfapumrl oabmwlpmcsKyf0if rnfonfhEkid if rH qdk wifquf 

 

azsmaf jzolrsm;? "mwfjym;xkwv f kyo f rl sm;ESihf toHviT hf vkyif ef; tzGJUtpnf;rsm;tm; umuG,af pmifha&SmufrI ay;&mü ¤if;wd\ Yk jynfwGif; Oya'? enf;Oya'rsm;wGif pmayESihf tEkynm vuf&mrsm;rlydkifcGifhudk umuG,fapmifha&SmufrI ay;onfh enf;wl jy|mef;owfrSwaf y;&rnf/ odakY omfjim;vnf; usio hf ;kH jcif; rjyK rae&/ vdkifpifukrd l þoabmwlnDcsupf mcsKyfyg owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESifh udkun f Donfh twdkif;twmtxdom xkwfay;jcif; jyK&rnf/ azsmfajza&;vkyif ef; (obifvkyif ef;rsm;)? "mwfjym;rsm;eJY ywfoufwJh  oabmwlpmcsKyf  udk 1996 ck? 'DZifbm 20&ufaeYrmS csrw S jf y|mef;cJyh gw,f/ tJ'D pmcsKyfrSm o½kyfaqmifrsm;? tqdkawmfrsm;eJY *Dwynm&Sirf sm; pwJh obifvkyif ef; ynmonfrsm;eJY "mwfjym;xkwv f kyfol rsm;&JU ypönf;ydkifqdkifcGifhrsm;eJY ywfoufNyD; a&;qGJcsrSwf xm;ygw,f/ obifynmonfrsm;eJY ywfoufNyD; "mwfjym;xJrmS yg0if aqmif&Gucf surf sm;tay: pD;yGm;a&; &ydkicf Gifh 4rsKd; ay;tyf xm;ygw,f/ (1) xyfqifh xkwfvkyfjcif; &ydkicf Gifh/ (2) jzefYcsdjcif; &ydkifcGih/f (3) iSm;&rf;jcif; &ydkicf Gifh/ (4) &,loHk;pGcJ Gihjf yKjcif; &ydkifcGihw f dkY jzpfMuygw,f/ 'D&ydkicf iG hf tm;vH;k [m wcsKUd aom uefo Y wfcsuef YJ >cif;csuf rsm;rSty obifynmonfrsm;&JU wpfOD;wnf;rlydkif &ydkif cGifhrsm; jzpfMuygw,f/ 



           "mwfjym;tm; rnfonfhoP²mef rnfonfhyHkpHjzifhjzpfap? wdku½f dkuaf omfvnf;aumif;? oG,f0ku d ef nf;jzifhaomf vnf; aumif; xyfqifhxkwfvkyfjcif;udk cGihjf yKydkicf Gifh tmPm jzpf onf/       rl&if; "mwfjym;ESihf ul;,lxm;aom "mwfjym;rsm;tm; jynfol vltrsm; vufokdY a&muf&Sdap&ef a&mif;csjcif;? ydkiq f kid rf I ajymif;vJjcif; ponfwkYt d wGuf cGihjf yKydkicf iG hf tmPm &Sjd cif; jzpfonf/       oabmwl pmcsKyf0ifEkid if Hrsm;\ trsK;d om; Oya' jy|mef; csuf &So d nfhtwdkif; rl&if; "mwfjym;ESihf ul;,lxm;aom "mwfjym;rsm;tm; jynfolvlxktrsm;odkY pD;yGm;ukeo f G,af &; tvdkYiSm iSm;&rf;jcif;udk cGihjf yKydkifcGit fh mPm&Sjd cif;jzpfonf/           "mwfjym;wGif yg&Sad om rnfonfh azsmaf jzrIudk rqdk jynfolvx l k trsm;onf rdrw d Ykd BuKduEf pS o f uf&m ae&mrSaeí BuKduEf pS o f uf&mtcsed w f iG f aMu;eef;? odrYk [kwf BuK;d rJah Mu;eef; enf;tm;jzifh &,loHk;pGJcGihu f dk cGifhjyKEdkifaom tcGihf tmPm &Sjd cif; jzpfonf/



 

              vluk, d w f kid w f ku d ½f ku d af zsmaf jzjcif;ESihf ywfoufaom udpö rsm;wGiv f nf; obifynmonfrsm;onf atmufyg pD;yGm;a&; &ydkicf Gihf 3&yf &So d nf[k csrSwfxm;onf/ (1) toHvTihjf cif; &ydkifcGihf (2) jynfolvltrsm;tm; qufoG,fwifjyjcif; &ydkicf Gifh (3) jyKjyifpDrHwifqufrI &ydkicf Gifh xdkYjyif oabmwlpmcsKyfonf obifonfrsm;tm; azsmaf jzoltjzpf azmfjy&ef awmif;qdkykid fcGihEf Sihf azsmfajzol\ *kPo f u d m© udk xdcku d af ponfh yHyk suyf ef;ysujf zpfatmif jyKvkyf jcif;? zsuq f D;jcif;? odkYwnf;r[kwf tjcm; jyKjyifzefwD;jcif; paom vky&f yfrsm;udk uefYuu G yf kid cf iG h[ f lonfh usih0f wfqkid &f m &ydkicf Gihrf sm;udkvnf; ay;tyfonf/ "mwfjym;xkwv f kyo f rl sm;ESihf oufqkid í f vnf; oabmwl pmcsKyfu ydkiq f kid cf Gifh 4rsKd; (tm;vHk; pD;yGm;a&;qdkif&m)udk ay;tyfxm;onf/ (1) xyfqifhxkwfvkyjf cif;qdki&f m &ydkicf Gihf (2) jzefYcsda&;qdkif&m &ydkicf Gifh (3) iSm;&rf;jcif;qdki&f m &ydkicf Gifh (4) &,loHk;pGJcGifhjyKjcif;qdki&f m &ydkicf Gifh ¤if;&ydkicf Gifh tm;vHk;onf tcsKUd aom uefYowfcsurf sm; ESihf >cif;csurf sm;rSty "mwfjym;xkwv f kyo f rl sm;\ wpfO;D wnf; rlydkif &ydkicf Gifhrsm;jzpfonf/ azsmaf jzolrsm;ESihf "mwfjym;xkwv f kyo f rl sm;qdki&f m udp&ö yf rsm;wGif oabmwlpmcsKyfonf uefYowfcsurf sm;? >cif;csuf 



rsm;rSty pmcsKyf0if Edkiif Hwdki;f onf tjcm;pmcsKyf0if EdkifiH rsm;rS Edkiif o H m;rsm;tm; rdrw d EkYd kid if Hom;rsm; &&Scd pH m;cGi&hf o dS nfh &ydkicf Gifhrsm;twdki;f ay;tyf&rnf/ xdkYjyif pmcsKyfonf obifonfrsm;ESifh "mwfjym; xkwv f yk o f rl sm;tm; "mwfjym;udk wdu k ½f u kd ?f odrYk [kwf oG,0f u kd f toHk;jyKjcif;? pD;yGm;a&;oabmjzifh yHkEySd x f kwfa0jcif;? toH vTihjf cif;? trsm;jynfolxH qufoG,fay;ydkYjcif; paom udpö &yfrsm;twGuf wpfBudrw f nf;aom xdkuo f ifo h nfh tcaMu;aiG cHpm;&,lEkid pf Gr;f udk ay;tyfxm;onf/ odakY omfjim;vnf; rnf onfh pmcsKyf0ifEkdifiHrqdk pmcsKyfü >cif;csuo f abm jyKvkyf xm;jcif;rsK;d &Syd gu þ&ydkicf iG u hf kd jiif;y,fEkid o f nf/ umuG,f apmifah &Smufjcif; oufwrf;onf tenf;qHk; ESpf 50 jzpf& rnf/ oabmwlpmcsKyfwGif ay;tyfxm;aom &ydkicf Gihrf sm;udk cHpm;jcif;? usiho f Hk;jcif;wdkYtwGuf rnfonfhw&m;0if aqmif &Gujf cif;rsK;d rS vdktyfjcif; r&Sad p&/ oabmwlpmcsKyfonf obifonfrsm;ESifh "mwfjym; xkwfvkyfolrsm;u ¤if;wdkY &ydkicf Gifhrsm;udk usiho f Hk;jcif;ESihf pyfvsOf;í oauFwjyKjcif;ponfh enf;pepfydkif;qdkif&m udprö sm;udk vdrv f nfvn S hpf m;í tEdki&f ,ljcif; vky&f yfrsm;udk umuG,fapmifha&Smuf&ef Oya'rsm; jyKay;&ef pmcsKyf0if Edkiif Hrsm;ü wm0ef&adS p&rnf/ xdkYjyif owif;tcsut f vuf rsm;udk z,f&Sm;jcif;? jyKjyifajymif;vJjcif;[laom (Oyrm tm;jzifh obifonf\ trnfukv d nf;aumif;? wifquf azsmfajzrIukdaomf vnf;aumif;? "mwfjym; xkwv f kyo f lukd aomfvnf;aumif;? vdkipf if&,ljcif;? ÓPfylaZmfc awmif;cH 

 

jcif;? jzefYa0jcif; ponfh pDrHcefYcGJrI jyKvkyf&ef vdktyfaom "mwfjym;udk aomfvnf;aumif;) udpörsm;udk umuG,fapmifh a&Smuf&ef Oya'jyKvkyf jy|mef;ay;&efvnf; wm0ef&aSd p& rnf/ pmcsKyf0ifEdkifiHrsm;onf oabmwlpmcsKyfudk usihfoHk; vdkufemap&ef vdktyfaom tmrcHcsufrsm;udk ,if;wdkYEkid if H\ w&m;Oya'ESifhtnD jy|mef;owfrSwfay;ap&rnf/ txl; ojzifh pmcsKyfyg tcGit fh a&;rsm;udk csKd;azmufjcif;tm; xd a&mufaom ta&;,l aqmif&Gurf I jyKvkyEf dki&f ef pmcsKyf0if Edkiif Hrsm;onf ¤if;wdkY\ Oya'wGif Muyfrwfaom vkyif ef; pOfrsm; &Sdaeap&ef tmrcH&rnf/ ta&;,laqmif&GufrI jyKvky&f mü csK;d azmufrrI sm;udk umuG,w f m;qD;&ef enf;vrf; rsm; yg0if&rnfjzpfouJhokdY aemufxyf jzpfay:rvmap&ef wm;qD;aom enf;vrf;rsm;vnf; yg0if&rnf/ oabmwl pmcsKy0f if Edik if rH sm;u nDvmcHwpfck jyKvyk x f m;&SNd yD; oabmwl pmcsKyf xde;f odr;f apmifah &Smufa&;ESihf zGUH NzKd;wdk;wufa&;qdki&f m udpörsm;udk aqmif&Gu&f rnf/ xdkYjyif oabmwlpmcsKyfESifh ywfoufonfh tkyfcsKyfa&;wm0efrsm;udk  tzGJU\ Edkiif HwumAsL½dkodkY vTJtyfxm;&rnf/



 

         0Dyk(d  )\ t"du wm0efBuD;rsm;wGif yg0ifonfh tcsuf wpfcsurf mS zGUH NzK;d qJEikd if rH sm;u ÓmPypön;f qdik &f mudpö zGHUNzKd; a&;twGuf BuKd;yrf;aqmif&Gu&f mwGif yl;aygif;aqmif &Guaf &; jzpfonf/ pufrIypönf;e,fy,fwGif zGHUNzKd;qJEkid if Hrsm;ESihf yl;aygif; aqmif&u G &f mü  \ t"du &nf&, G cf surf sm;rSm...

(1) zGHUNzKd;qJEkid if rH sm;\ enf;ynmqdkif&m udk,t fh m;udk,f udk;a&;ESihf Edkiif w H umaps;uGuw f Gif ,SONf yKdiEf kid pf rG ;f wdk;wuf vmap&eftwGuf ,if;Edkiif Hrsm;rS EdkifiHom;wdkY udk,fwdkif rlykid jf yKvkyEf kid o f nfh wDxiG rf rI sm;udk ¤if;wdY\ k udk,yf kid v f kyif ef; rsm;wGif t&nftaoG;ESifh ta&twGufyg wkd;wufatmif aqmif&Guaf p&ef tm;ay;ulnDjcif;/ (2) Ekid fiHjcm; rlykid fenf;ynmrsm; &&Sad &; tajctae wdk;wufaumif;rGev f matmif aqmif&Gujf cif;/ qdkvdkonfrSm vuf&dS wnf&aSd eaom tajctaexuf ¤if;wdkYtwGuf ydkí tcGifhomap&ef aqmif&Gufjcif;/ 



(3) ukeyf pön;f trSww f Hqyd Ef iS 0hf efaqmifrI wHqyd rf sm;udk ydkrkdaumif;rGeaf om umuG,af pmifah &Smufa&; enf;vrf;rsm; oHk;í Edkiif w H um ukeo f , G af &;wGif ,SONf yKdiEf kid pf rG ;f wdk;wuf vmatmif aqmif&Gujf cif;/ (4) rlykid f rSwfyHkwif pm&Gupf mwrf;rsm;wGif yg0ifaom enf;ynmqdki&f m owif;rsm;udk tvG,w f ul &,lEkid faom enf;vrf; zefwD;ay;í ,if;owif;rsm;udk oHk;pGJz, G f &So d l rsm;tm; jzefaY 0ay;jcif;/ tqdkyg &nfrSef;csufrsm; &&Sd&eftwGuf zGHUNzKd;qJEdkifiH trsm;pkonf jynfwGif; Oya'rsm; jy|mef;jcif;? acwfESifh avsmn f Datmif aqmif&u G jf cif;? tpdk;& tzGUJ tpnf;rsm; cdkirf m atmif aqmif&Gujf cif;? edkifiHwum oabmwlnDcsurf sm;udk vufcHjcif;? tpdk;& pufrIvkyfief;ESifh Oya'e,fy,fwGif uRrf;usio f lrsm; ydkrkx d m;&Sjd cif;? pufryI pön;f owif; tcsuf tvuf txl;ojzifh rSwyf Hkwif pm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;udk ydkí vG,u f lpmG &&Sad tmif aqmif&Gufjcif; ponfwkYd vdktyfvsuf &Sdonf/  \ yl;aygif;aqmif&u G rf o I nf t"dutm;jzifh tMuH ay;jcif;? avhusio hf ifMum;ay;jcif;? pm&Gupf mwrf;ESihf ypön;f ud&, d mrsm; yHyh k;d jznfq h nf;jcif; ponfwkYd yg0ifonf/ tMuH ay;jcif;udk  0efxrf;rsm;ESihf  rS a&G;cs,af y;aom uRr;f usio f rl sm;u aqmif&u G o f nf/ odw Yk nf; r[kwf  u pnf;½k;H vkyaf qmifaom Edkiif w H um nDvmcHrsm;rS wpfqifh jzpfap aqmif&u G o f nf/ avhusio hf ifMum;ay;jcif;onf wpfO;D csi;f (vkyif ef;cGio f ifwef;? avhvma&; tvnftywfc&D;)? odkw Y nf;r[kwf tzGJUvkduf (oifwef;rsm;? ES;D aESmzvS,yf rJG sm;? 

 

tvky½f kaH qG;aEG;yGrJ sm;) pojzifh jzpfonf/ ,if;wdkYukd pdwyf g 0ifpm;aom zGHUNzKd;qJ Edkiif HrSmjzpfap? zGHUNzKd;NyD;? zGUH NzKd;qJ tjcm; Edkiif HwpfckrSm jzpfap jyKvkyfEdkifonf/ xdkvkyif ef;rsm;twGuf vdktyfaom t&if;tjrpfukd  \ bwf*surf S jzpfap? tvSL&SiEf kid if rH sm; (zGUH NzKd;NyD;? zGHUNzKd;qJ) rSjzpfap? ukvor*¾ zGHUNzKd;a&; tpDtpOf ()? Oa&my rSwyf kHwif½k;H () wdkY yg0ifaom tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;rS jzpfap uscHMu&rnf/ xdkYjyif vdktyfaom &efyHkaiGudk zGHUNzKd;qJEkid fiH rsm; udk,fwkid u f ¤if;wdkY\ bwf*surf Sjzpfap? Edkiif Hwum aiGaMu;Xmersm;rS xkwfay;aom axmufyHhaiG? acs;aiGrsm;rS jzpfap ukefuscHjcif;vnf; &So d nf/ aqmif&Gucf suf tm;vHk;onf pDrHcsufBuD; wpf&yf? odkY r[kwf ESp&f Snpf DrHued ;f BuD; wpfck\ tpdwt f ydki;f jzpfatmif twwfEdkifqHk; vkyfaqmif&rnf/ qdkif&m zGHUNzKd;qJEdkifiH\ arwåm&yfcHcsuft& ,if;ESihf yl;wGJaqmif&Guaf om (EdkifiH pDrcH su)f ? odkYwnf;r[kwf a'owGi;f &Sd EdkifiHrsm; tzGJUtpnf; rsm;ESihf yl;aygif;aqmif&Guaf om (a'opDrHcsuf) ponfwkYd jzpfonf/ ¤if; ]zGNH zK;d a&; yl;aygif;aqmif&u G rf }I rsm;onf  \ ]pufryI pön;f ESih f pyfvsO;f onfh zGUH NzK;d rI yl;aygif; aqmif&u G af &; tNrJwrf; aumfrwD}\ BuD;MuyfrjI zifh aqmif&u G &f rnf/ ,if; aumfrwDtzGUJ okYd rdrq d E´tavsmuf 0ifvrkd S 0ifEkid o f nf/ tzGJU 0ifaMu;ay;&ef owfrw S cf suv f nf; r&Sad y/ 1997 ck? Zefe0g&D 17&ufaeYwGif tqdkyg tNrJwrf; aumfrwD tzGJU0if 122Edkiif H &Sdonf/ rlyikd cf iG hf qufpyf&ydik cf iG rhf sm; qdik &f mwdw Yk iG f  \ zGHUNzKd; qJEkid if Hrsm;ESihf yl;aygif;aqmif&u G o f nfh &nfrSe;f csurf sm;rSm... 



(1) ,if;Edkiif Hrsm;rS EdkifiHom;rsm;udk,fwkid f ¤if;wdkY\ trsK;d om; ,Ofaus;rIukd ¤if;wd\ kY udk,yf kid f bmompum;jzifh ¤if;wdkY\ vlrsK;d ? vlrI"avhxHk;wrf;pOfvm? ,HkMunfcsuf ponfwdkYESifh avsmfnDpGm pmayESifh,Ofaus;rIvuf&mrsm; zefwD;xkwv f kyfrI wdk;wufvmap&ef tm;ay;jcif;/ (2) jynfwGi;f ESifhjynfy rlykid cf Gifh ydki&f Sifrsm;xHrS &&Sd&ef vG,u f lacsmarGUaom rlykid fcGihf oHk;pGjJ cif;qdkif&m tcGiht f mPm udk tajccHí zGHUNzKd;qJEkid if Hrsm;ü ÓPzefwD;rIrsm;udk yhHydk; ulnDay;jcif;/ (3) zGHUNzKd;qJEkid fiH tpdk;&rsm;u rlydkifcGihEf Sihf qufpyf &ydkicf Gifhrsm; owfrSwjf y|mef;jcif;? pDrHcefYcGJjcif; ponfwkYd aumif;pGm aqmif&GufEkid f&ef Oya'jy|mef;jcif;? tzGJUtpnf; rsm; xlaxmifjcif; ponfhvkyif ef;rsm;wGif tultnD awmif; cHygu ulnDyHhykd;jcif;/  \ yl;aygif;aqmif&Gujf cif;onf t"du tm;jzifh zGUH NzK;d qJEikd if rH sm;\ vdktyfcsuEf iS hf udu k n f aD om pHjyK Oya'Murf; rsm; a&;qGJay;jcif;? rlykid fcGihEf Sihf qufpyf&ydkifcGihq f kid &f m udpö rsm;twGuf pkaygif;pDrcH efcY JaG &;tzGUJ tpnf;rsm; wnfaxmif jcif;ESifh acwfESihaf vsmn f Datmif vkyaf qmifjcif; wdkYukd ulnD jcif;? uGefysLwmpepf xlaxmifa&;wGif enf;ynmydki;f qdki&f m ulnDjcif; ponfwkYd yg0ifonf/ xdkYjyif  onf zGHUNzKd;qJEkid if Hrsm;ü pdwfyg0ifpm;rI &Sad om pma&;q&mrsm;? azsmfajza&;orm;rsm;? xkwfvkyfol rsm;? a&SUaersm;? rlydkifcGifhqdkif&m ½kH;rS t&m&Sdrsm;? pkaygif; tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJUrS yk*¾Kdvfrsm;? &JESifh taumufcGefXmerS 

 

t&m&Srd sm;? w&m;a&;qdki&f m yk*K¾ v d rf sm;twGuv f nf; oifwef; rsm; pDpOfaqmif&Gufay;onf/ oifwef;rsm;udk oifMum;a&; yHpk rH sm;? ES;D aESmzvS,yf rJG sm;? tvky½f kH aqG;aEG;yGJrsm;? a'ocGJtqifh? a'otqifh? urÇmh tqifh owif;tcsut f vuf zvS,af &; tpnf;ta0;rsm;jzifh vkyaf qmifNyD; rlykdicf GihEf Sifh qufpyf&ydkicf Gihq f kid &f m wuúokv d f oifwef;rsm; wufa&mufEkid &f ef ynmoifaxmufyHhaMu; ay; jcif;? zJvk;d &Sprf sm; ay;jcif; ponfwkdYvnf; pDpOf aqmif&u G f ay;onf/ vdktyfaom aiGaMu; t&if;tjrpfukd  \ bwf*suf ESihf wpfpkw H pfckaom twkid ;f twmtxd jyifytzGUJ tpnf;rsm; xHrS &&Sdonf/ \ zGHUNzKd;a&; yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI tm;vHk;udk ]rlykid cf iG Ehf iS hf qufpyf&ydkicf iG hf qdki&f m zGUH NzK;d wd;k wufa&; yl;aygif; aqmif&u G rf I tNrJwrf; aumfrwD}\ BuD;MuyfrjI zifh aqmif&u G f &onf/ þaumfrwDodkY qE´tavsmuf 0ifcGih&f NSd yD; 0ifaMu; ay;&ef wm0efr&Sad y/ 1997 c?k Zefe0g&D 17&ufaeYtxd tzGUJ 0ifOD;a& 109Edkiif H &Sdonf/ xdkYjyif zGUH NzKd;qJEkid if rH sm;ESihf yl;aygif;aqmif&u G af &;twGuf  \ tjcm; tusKd;jyKvkyi f ef;wpfckrSm 1993 ckESpw f Gif  tu,f'rD wnfaxmifcJhjcif; jzpfonf/ tu,f'rD \ &nf&, G cf surf mS avmavmq,f jzpfymG ;aeaom ÓPypön;f qdki&f m jyóemrsm; udkiw f G,fajz&Si;f a&;twGuf zGHUNzKd;qJ Edkiif Hrsm;rS tvwfqifhESihf txufqifh tpdk;&t&m&Sdrsm;\ ay:vpDa&;&m rsuEf SmpHknD aqG;aEG;yGJrsm;usi;f yay;jcif; jzpf onf/ aqG;aEG;yGrJ sm;udkukd bmompum; uGJjym;rI tajctae 



t& usif;yonf/  \ avhusio hf ifMum;a&; tpDtpOfrsm;wGif  \ pDrHrIatmufwGif &Sad om EdkifiHwum oabmwlnDcsuf rsm;qdki&f m owif;tcsut f vufrsm; ay;½ko H mru u pDrt H kycf sKyfaom  oabmwlpmcsKyfyg owif;tcsuf tvufrsm;udkvnf; ay;tyfonf/ xdkjY yif zGUH NzKd;qJEkdiif rH sm;\ Oya'rsm;udk qdki&f m  oabmwlpmcsKyfyg tcsurf sm; ESifh vdkuaf vsmnDaxG &Sdatmif aqmif&Guf&ef twGuv f nf; qdki&f mzGHUNzKd;qJEkid fiHrsm;udk tMuHay;jcif;vkyif ef; aqmif&Guf onf/



 

       rlykid cf Gihef JYywfoufNyD; tjiif;yGm;rIrsm; aeYpOfeJYtrQ jzpf yGm;aeygw,f/ 'Dvkd tjiif;yGm;rIrsm; jzpfay:vmwJhtcg Edkiif H toD;oD;rSm&Sw d Jh w&m;½kH;tqifhqifhukd oGm;ae&r,fqdk&if tcsdefvnf;Mum aiGaMu;tuket f usvnf; rsm;ygw,f/ 'D tjzpfukd a&Smif&Sm;Edkizf kdYtwGuf  u zseaf jzn§dEdIi;f a&; Xmewpfck zGJUpnf;xm;ygw,f/ ( )vdkY ac:wJh tJ'DXme[m  &JU Edkiif HwumAsL½dkxJu tpdwt f ydki;f wpfck jzpfygw,f/ 'DXmeu ÓPypön;f rlydkicf Gihef JY ywfoufNyD; tjiif;yGm; wJh udpörsm;udk aphpyfzseaf jz n§dEdiI ;f ay;ygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk aqmif&u G &f mrSm atmufygenf;vrf;rsm; twdki;f aqmif&u G yf g w,f/      tjiif;yGm;wJh tzGUJ 2 zGUJ Mum; ESpOf ;D ESpzf uf auseyfvufcH Edik w f hJ oabmwlncD suw f pf&yf &&Sad tmif n§Ed idI ;f aphpyfay;jcif; jzpfygw,f/ 'Dvkd n§dEIdif;ay;vdkY &&Sw d Jhtajz[m pD&ifcsuf 



r[kwyf gbl;/ () rvdkuef m rae& r[kwfygbl;/ vufrcH rvdkufemvdku aeEdkiyf gw,f/   tjiif;yGm;rIukd zseaf jzol cHkorm"d () wpfOD;xH jzpfap? cHo k rm"d trsm;tjym; yg0ifwhJ cHo k rm"dtzGJUxH jzpfap wifjy tqHk;tjzwf&,ljcif; jzpfygw,f/ n§Ed idI ;f jcif;eJY rwlwm uawmh cHkorm"dtzGJU&JU qHk;jzwfcsuf[m pD&ifcsuf jzpfwJh twGuf rvdkuef mbJ aevdkY r&ygbl;/ rysurf uGuf vdkuef m &ygw,f/     cHo k rm"dwpfO;D ? 'grSr[kwf cHo k rm"d trsm;tjym; yg0ifwhJ cHkorm"dtzGUJ u tcsed u f keo f ufom? ½kH;p&dwf oufomatmif tusO;f ½kH;NyD; tjrefqHk; pD&ifcsucf say;wm jzpfygw,f/         ESpzf ufoabmwl owfrSwfxm;wJh tcsdefumvwpfck twGi;f aphpyfn§dEIdif;vdkY oabmwlnDcsuf r&&SdcJh&if n§dEIdif; jcif;eJY zseaf jzjcif; ESprf sK;d aygif;pyfNyD; tqufrjywf aqG;aEG; n§dEiId f;jcif; jzpfygw,f/ 'DvkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm;twdkif; b,folrqdk vlrsKd;ra&G;?

Edkiif Hra&G; vkyfaqmifEdkiyf gw,f/ 'Dvkyif ef;pOfrsm;[m b,f Edkiif Hu w&m;Oya'ESifhrqdk toHk;jyKvdkY &Edkifatmif  Edkiif w H umAsL½du k a&;qGcJ srw S x f m;wm jzpfygw,f/ 'Dvyk x f k;H vkyef nf;rsm;twdki;f b,fEkid if HrSmrqdk aqmif&u G Ef kid yf gw,f/  &JU 'Dtjiif;yGm;rI ajz&Si;f a&; vkyx f Hk;vkyfenf; 

 

rsm;[m1/ tcsdefESihf aiGukefaMu;us oufomjcif;?

2/ oufqikd o f l um,uH&iS rf sm;taeESihf BuKu d Ef pS o f uf&m Oya'vrf;aMumif;ESihf bmompum;udk vGwv f yfpmG a&G;cs,fcGifh&jSd cif;?

3/ qdkif&m tjiif;yGm;olrsm;\ Oya'? bmompum;? ,Ofaus;rIwdkYESihf vGwu f if;pGm &SEd dkijf cif;?

4/ aphpyfnE§d Idi;f ol? odkYr[kwf cHkorm"dtzGJUwGif qdkif&m vkyif ef;uRrf;usio f lrsm; yg0ifaqmif&GufEkid fjcif;?

5/ vQKdU0Sucf suu f kd apmifhxed ;f Edkijf cif;?

6/ wpfae&mwnf;ESihf NyD;pD;atmif aqmif&GuEf dkijf cif;?

7/ cHkorm"d qH;k jzwfcsujf zpfcv hJ Qif wpfcgwnf;ESihf tNyD; owfoGm;jcif;?

8/ tjiif;yGm;rIjzpfyGm;aom udpö\ xl;jcm;csurf sm;ESihf udkufnDonfh enf;Oya'rsm;ESihf aqmif&GuEf kid fjcif; ponfh tusKd;aus;Zl;rsm; &&Sad pygw,f/ tjiif;yGm;rIrsm;udk  zsefajzn§dEIdif;a&;Xmeu qHk;jzwfay;EdkifzkYd enf;vrf; 2oG,feJY aqmif&GufEkid fygw,f/ yxrwpfenf;uawmh uefx½du k pf mcsKyf csKyq f pkd Ofuwnf;u aemifay:aygufvmvwåUH aom tjiif;yGm;rIreS o f rQudk  n§Ed iId ;f zseaf jza&;Xme\ tqHk;tjzwftwdki;f vdkuef m&rnf qdkwJh pmydk'x f nfhoiG ;f xm;jcif; jzpfygw,f/ aemufwpfenf; uawmh tjiif;yGm;rI jzpfaomudpu ö kd  n§Ed idI ;f zseaf jza&; Xmeu qHk;jzwfay;yg&ef ESpfzufoabmwlnDcsuf jyKvkyfí wifjyjcif; jzpfygw,f/ 

 

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