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pmayeJY tEkynmvkyif ef;rsm; rlykid cf Gihf umuG,af pmifh a&Smufa&;twGuf urÇmvkH;qdki&f m oabmwlnDcsuw f pf&yf tjzpf tapmqkH;ay:xGufvmwmuawmh 1886ck ESpf bef; oabmwlnDcsuf jzpfygw,f/ 1886 ckEpS f qGpZf mvefEikd if H bef;NrKUd rmS usi;f ywJh nDvmcH u a&;qGJ jy|mef;cJw h mjzpfvkYd bef;oabmwlnDcsuv f kYd ac:qdk cJhwm jzpfygw,f/ 1896ck yJ&pfnv D mcHeYJ 1908 ck bmvif nDvmcHwdkYrSm xyfrHjyifqifcJhygw,f/ 1914 ckESprf Sm bef; NrKdUawmfrmS tjynfhtpkH wifoGi;f cJhygw,f/ 1928 ck Oa&my nDvmcH? 1948 ck b&yfq,fnDvmcH? 1967ck pawmh[kr;f nDvmcHeJY 1971 ck yJ&pfnDvmcHwdkYrSm xyfrH jyifqifcJMh uyg ao;w,f/ 1979 ckEpS rf mS vnf; xyfrjH znfph u G jf yifqifrrI sm; vkyyf gao;w,f/ 1997 ck? rwf 2&ufaeYtxd oabmwl vufrSwf a&;xdk;cJhwJh Edkiif Haygif; 121 EdkifiH &Sdygw,f/ oabmwlnDcsufudk vufrSwfa&;xdk;xm;ayr,fhvdkY oufqkid &f m Edik if ?H tpd;k & 'grSr[kwf vTwaf wmfrsm;u twnf
jyKNyD;rS vufrw S af &;xk;d oabmwlxm;rI touf0ifygw,f/ twnfjyKcsurf sm;udk 0DydktzGJUñTeMf um;a&;rSL;csKyfxH wifjy Mu&ygw,f/ bef; oabmwlnDcsufudk tajccHrlBuD; 3&yf tay:rSm csrSwx f m;ygw,f/ tJ'gtjyif tedrq hf kH; umuG,f apmifah &SmufrI ay;zdkY pnf;urf;csurf sm;eJY zGHUNzKd;qJEkid if Hrsm; twGuf txl;pnf;urf;csufrsm;vnf; &Syd gao;w,f/ (1) oabmwlnDcsufwGif yg0ifvufrSwfa&;xdk;xm; aom Edkiif w H pfckckü pwifay:xGuv f monfh vkyif ef; rsm;udk (a&;om;jyKpo k o l nf tqdyk g Edik if w H iG f Edkiif o H m; jzpfvQifaomfvnf;aumif;? tqdkyg EdkifiHwiG f rlv yxr pwif xkwaf 0aom vkyif ef;jzpfvQifaomf vnf;aumif;) usefvufrSwfa&;xdk;xm;Muaom EdkifiHwdkif;u rdrdEdkifiHom;rsm;\ tcGifhta&;udk umuG,f apmifah &SmufrI ay;ouJhokYd tvm;wl ay;& rnf/ (2) ,if;umuG,af pmifah &SmufrIrsm;onf vkyfxkH; vkyf enf;rsm;ESihf nDñw G rf I &S&d rnf [laom >cif;csurf sK;d r&Sdap&/ (tvdktavsmuf umuG,af pmifah &SmufrI) (3) ,if;umuG,fapmifah &SmufrIonf rl&if;Edkiif Hü um uG,fapmifha&SmufrI&Sdonf [laom tcsufESifh oufqkid jf cif;rS uif;vGwaf p&rnf/ (umuG,af pmifh a&SmufrI vGwfvyfjcif;rl)
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rnfonfh ykHoP²mef? rnfonfh ykHpHjzifh jzpfap xyfqifh ul;,lvGwv f yfydkifcGifh (tcsKdUaom txl; udpö&yfrsm;wGif rl&if;vkyfief;\ ykHrSet f okH;jyKrIESihf qefYusib f uf rjzpfapaom xyfqifh xkwv f kyjf cif;? a&;om;jyKpkol\ w&m;Oya'ESifh nDñGwfaom tusK;d pD;yGm;udk epfemxdcku d rf I r&Sjd cif;? *Dwvkyif ef; rsm;ESihf toHoiG ;f "mwfjym;vkyfief;rsm;wGif oabm wl vufrw S fa&;xdk;xm;aom Edkiif u H oifhwifrh Qw aom tcaMu;aiG &ydkicf iG hf ay;tyfxm;jcif; ponf wdkYwiG f vufrSwaf &;xdk;xm;aom EdkifiHu rlykid cf Gihf tcGit hf mPm awmif;cHjcif; rjyKbJ xyfqifh xkwv f yk f jcif;udk cGifhjyKrI &Sad umif; &SEd kid o f nf) vkyif ef;udk ½kyjf rifoHMum;vkyif ef;\ tajccHtjzpf tokH;jyKcGi?hf ,if;½kyjf rifoHMum;vkyif ef;udk xyfqifh xkwv f kyjf cif;? jzefjY zL;jcif;? trsm;jynfola&SUarSmufü wifqufjyojcif;qdik &f m rlykid cf iG hf ponfwYkd jzpfonf/ oabmwlnDcsuo f nf a&;om;jyKpkol\ *kPo f u d m© ESih f trnfemrudk xdcu kd ef pfemapaom rnfonfh zsufqD;rI? odkY r[kwf yko H P²mefzsuq f ;D rI? jyKjyifp&D ifr?I odrYk [kwf tjcm;aom emrnf*P k o f wif; usqif;aprI ponfwkYdukd uefYuu G af jymqdk ydkifcGifhudkvnf; ay;tyfxm;NyD; vkyfief;ESifh ywfoufí a&;om;jyKpkolu usih0f wft& rlykid cf Gihf () udk awmif;qdkykdifcGihv f nf; jyKxm;onf/ (*) rlykid cf iG u hf muG,af pmifah &SmufrI umv owfrw S jf cif; ESihf pyfvsO;f í a,bk,spnf;urf; owfrw S cf surf mS a&;om;jyKpkol uG,fvGeftedpöa&mufNyD; ESpf 50
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Edkiif Hwpfckü tNrJwrf; aexdkio f l r[kwfcJhvQif or*¾0if Edkiif Hrsm;onf ¤if;zefwD;ol\ tcGiht f a&; umuG,f apmihf a&SmufrIay;jcif;udk uefYowfEdkipf Grf;&So d nf/ (2) txuftqdkyg tydk'fü azmfjyxm;onfh ta&;,l uefYowfcsurf sm;onf uefYowfcsujf yKvkyjf cif; rwdkirf Du or*¾0if Edkiif w H pfcktwGi;f yHkEydS x f kwaf 0jcif;aMumifh zefwD;ol &&SdcHpm;cJhaom tcGiht f a&;rsm;udk rnfonfhenf;ESifh rqdk xdcku d jf cif; r&Sad p&/ (3) þtydk'f (6) yg pnf;urf;csurf sm;ESit hf nD rlykid cf iG hf udk uefYowfjcif;jyKcJhaom or*¾0ifEdkifiHrsm;onf ,if;odkY uefYowfcsufjyKvkyaf Mumif;udk 0DydktzGJU nGeMf um;a&;rSL;csKyf xHodkY rnfonfhEkidf fiHESihf rnfonfhzefwD;oltm; uefYowfrI jyKvkyx f m;aMumif;udk pmjzifh a&;om; tpD&ifcH wifjy&rnf/ ñTeMf um;a&;rSL;csKyfu or*¾0if Edkiif t H m;vHk;odkY ,if;tqdkyg aMunmvTmtm; csucf sif; qufoG,fay;ydkYvrd hrf nf/ (1) zefwD;ol\ pD;yGm;a&; &ydkicf iG rhf sm;ESihf oufqkid jf cif; r&Sdapumrl? xdkYjyif ,if;tqdkyg &ydkifcGifhrsm;udk vTJajymif; ay;tyfNyD; jzpfapumrl rlvzefwD;olonf ,if;\ *kPf odum© ESihf emrnfukd xdcku d n f K§ ;d EGr;f jcif; jzpfvrd rhf nf[k ,lqcJh vQif rlvzefw;D oljzpfaMumif; xkwaf zmfajymMum;cGi?hf awmif;cH Edkicf Gifh &Sdonfhtjyif ,if;\ vuf&mtm; yHkyef;ysuaf tmif jyKvkyjf cif;? zsufqD;jcif;? jyifqifjcif;? odu©musqif;atmif jyKvkyjf cif; ponfwkYdudk uefYuu G yf dkicf Gifh &Sdonf/
(2) txufazmfjyyg pmydk't f & rlvzefw;D oltm; ay;tyf onfh tcGit hf a&;rsm;onf ¤if;uG,v f eG Nf yD;aemufwGif pD;yGm; a&; &ydkicf iG ho f ufwrf; ukeq f k;H csed u f mvtxd wnf&adS p&rnf jzpfí umuG,af pmihaf &SmufrI awmif;cHaomEdkiif H\ Oya' t& tmPmay;tyfxm;aom vlyk*¾Kv d rf sm;? odkYr[kwf tzGJU tpnf;rsm;u pDrHydkicf Gifh &Sdap&rnf/ odkYjzpfapumrl þ tufOya'udk vufrSwfa&;xdk; twnfjyKaom? odkYr[kwf yl;aygif;yg0ifaom tcsed u f mvtxd rlvzefwD;ol aoqHk;NyD; aemuf rlykid cf iG hu f kd umuG,af pmifah &SmufaomOya' r&So d nfh Edkiif Hrsm;tzdkYürl txufazmfjyygpmydk'w f Gif yg&Sdaom tcsKdU &ydkicf iG rhf sm;tm; rlvzefw;D ol aoqH;k NyD;aemufwiG f qufvuf xde;f odr;f rI &yfqkid ;f ypfEkid o f nf/ (3) txufazmfjyyg pmydk't f & tyfESif;xm;aom &ydkif cGihrf sm;udk umuG,af pmihaf &Smuf&ef tvdkYiSm owfrSwjf y|mef; aom enf;vrf;rsm;udkrl umuG,af pmihaf &SmufrI awmif;cH aom Edkiif H\ w&m;Oya'rsm;ESiht f nD pDrHcefYcGJrI jyK&rnf/ (1) þoabmwlnDcsut f & (rlydkicf Gifhuk)d umuG,f apmihfa&SmufrI ay;aom oufwrf;umvonf zefwD;jyKpkol \ oufwrf;wpfavQmufvHk;ESifh ¤if;uG,v f GeNf yD;aemuf ESpf 50 jzpfonf/ (2) odkYaomf ½kyf&Sifvkyfief; vuf&mrsm; udpöwGifrl zefwD;jyKpko\ l oabmwlncD sujf zifh trsm;jynfol vlxktm; jyoonfh tcsed u f mv\ aemufESpf 50wGif ukefqHk;onf [lonfh tcsufudk or*¾0ifEkid fiHrsm; taejzifh owfrSwfay;
Edkifonf/ odkYwnf;r[kwf zefwD;jyKvkyNf yD;csdefrS ESpf 50 umvtwGi;f xdkokdYjyKvkyjf cif; (trsm;jynfolvlxktm; jyo jcif;) r&Sad omf zefwD;jyKvkyNf yD;aemuf ESpf 50 [k owfrSwf Edkio f nf/ (3) trnfazmfjyjcif; rjyKaom? odw Yk nf;r[kwf uavmif trnf0Sujf zifh jyKpkzefwD;aom vuf&mrsm;udpöwGirf l þ oabmwlncD sut f & umuG,af pmifah &SmufrjI yKjcif;onf tqdyk g vuf&mudk w&m;Oya'ESifhtnD trsm;jynfolvlxktm; wifjycJhcsed f\ aemufESpf 50wGif ukefqHk;onf/ odkYaomf uavmiftrnf0Sufonf zefwD;jyKpkol cH,lxm;onfhtrnf jzpfaMumif; ,HkrSm;oHo, jzpfp&mr&Sdatmif odomxif&Sm; aeonf jzpfvQif umuG,af pmifah &SmufrI oufwrf;umv onf tydk'f (1)wGif azmfjyyg&Sdonfhtwdki;f jzpfonf/ trnf0Suf? uavmiftrnf0Sufjzifh zefwD;jyKpkolonf txufazmfjyyg umvtwGi;f rnforl nf0gjzpfaMumif; xkwaf zmf ajymMum;cJhvQif umuG,af pmifha&SmufrI oufwrf;umv onf tydk'(f 1)wGif azmfjyyg&So d nfhtwdki;f jzpfonf/ trnf0Suf? uavmiftrnf0Sufjzifh zefwD;jyKpkolonf ESpf 50 rwdkirf Duyif uG,fvGeftedpöa&mufcJhNyDjzpfaMumif; usK;d aMumif;qDavsmpf Gm ,HkMunfrSwx f ifEdkicf Jhonf &Sad omf or*¾0if EdkifiHrsm;taejzifh umuG,af pmihfa&SmufrIay;&ef vdktyfvrd fhrnf r[kwaf y/ (4) "mwfykHvuf&mrsm;ESihf toHk;cs tEkynmvuf&mrsm; udpöwGirf l ,if;vuf&mrsm;udk tEkynmvuf&mrsm;tjzpf umuG,fapmihfa&Smufjcif; jyKcJhonf&Sdaomf xdkodkY umuG,f apmihaf &Smuf&ef owfrSwcf sufrsm;udk or*¾0ifEkdifiHrsm;u
Oya't& jy|mef;ay;&rnfjzpfonf/ odkYaomf þ owfrSwf csuo f nf ,if;vuf&mudk zefwD;cJhonfh umv\ aemuf tenf;qHk; 25ESpf jzpfap&rnf/ (5) zefwD;jyKpkol uG,fvGef tedpöa&mufNyD;aemuf umuG,af pmihaf &SmufrI jyKjcif;qdki&f m owfrw S cf suEf iS hf pmydk'f (2)? (3)? (4) wdkYwGif azmfjyyg&Sad om owfrw S cf surf sm;onf zefwD;jyKpkol uG,v f Geftedpöa&muf&o Sd Gm;onhfaeY? odkYwnf; r[kwf txufyg pmydk'rf sm;wGif azmfjyyg&Sad om aeYrS pwif a&wGujf cif; jyK&rnf/ odkYaomf trsm;tm;jzifh zefwD;jyKpkol uG,v f eG o f mG ;onfh ESp\ f yxr tp Zefe0g&D 1&ufaeYupí a&wGufjcif;jyKavh&SdMuonf/ (6) a&SUwiG f azmjfycJah om pmydk'rf sm;wGif yg&So d nfh tcsuf rsm;xuf ydkí or*¾0ifEkid fiHrsm;u owfrSwaf y;jcif;vnf; jyKEdkifonf/ (7) þoabmwlncD suw f iG f yg&So d nfh a&mr tufOya' udk vdkufem&ef wm0ef&Sdaom or*¾0ifEdkifiHrsm;wGif ¤if;wdkY Edkiif H\ Oya'ü oabmwlnDcsuu f kd vufrSwaf &;xdk;aom tcsdefumvwGif txufazmfjyyg pmydk'rf sm;wGif yg&Sdonf xuf ydkí wdkawmif;onfh tcsdefumvowfrSwfcsufudk usio hf ;kH aecJo h nf jzpfvQi?f ,if;owfrw S cf surf sm;udk qufvuf xde;f odr;f xm;EdkifcGihf &So d nf/ (8) rnfodkYyifjzpfap? umuG,fapmihfa&SmufrI jyK&ef owfrSwfcsuo f nf umuG,fapmihfa&SmufrIay;&ef awmif;cH onfh EdkifiH\ w&m;Oya' t&om jzpfap&rnf/ odkYaomf ,if;EdkifiH\ Oya'ü tjcm;wpfenf; azmfjyxm;jcif; r&Scd Jh vQif owfrSwcf suo f nf vuf&mrlv tpjyKcJhaom Edkiif H\
owfrSwcf surf sm;xuf ausmfvGejf cif;r&Sdap&/ (9) yl;wGJzefwD;jyKpkaom vuf&mrsm;ESihf ywfoufonfh udpw ö Giv f nf; a&SUtydk'w f Gif azmfjyyg&Scd Jah om owfrSwcf suf rsm; twdki;f usio hf kH;&rnf/ uG,v f eG t f edpöa&mufjcif;qdki&f m owfrSwfcsufrSmrl aemufqHk; uG,fvGeftedpöa&muf&SdcJhol uG,v f Gefcsed rf Spí a&wGujf cif; jyK&rnf/ þoabmwlnDcsufjzifh umuG,af pmihaf &SmufrIjyKjcif; cH,l&&Sad om pmayESihf tEkynmvuf&m zefwD;jyKpkolrsm; onf ,if;wdkY\ vuf&mrsm;tm; bmomjyefqkjd cif;? bmom jyefqdkjcif;jyK&ef tcGifhtmPmay;tyfjcif; paom udpö&yf rsm;wGif rlvvuf&mrsm;tm; umuG,af pmifah &SmufrIjyKonfh owfrSwfcsuftm;vHk;udk rlykid fcHpm;cGifh&Sdonf/
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Oya'ESit hf nD ydkicf iG q hf kid cf Gi&hf adS om tusK;d pD;yGm;rsm;udk ravsmf ruef xdckdufjcif; r&Scd JhvQifaomfvnf;aumif; or*¾0ifEkid if H rsm;onf ¤if;wdkY\ Oya'rsm;t& cGihjf yKEdkio f nf/ (3) toHjzihaf omfvnf;aumif;? t½kyfjzifhaomf vnf; aumif; oGif;,ljcif;udk þoabmwlnDcsuf\ &nfrSef; csurf sm;t& xyfqifhxkwv f kyjf cif;[k oabmxm;onf/ (1) jynfov l x l ktm; w&m;0if xkwjf yNyD;aom tEkynm vuf&mrsm;udk aumufEkwfukd;um;jcif;ESifh pyfvsO;f onfh udpörsm;wGif xdkodkY aqmif&Gufjcif;onf w&m;rQwonfh vkyx f kH;rsm;ESiht f nD jzpfvQifaomfvnf;aumif; &nf&G,cf suf twGuf w&m;ojzifh aqmif&Gujf cif;[lonfh twdki;f twm xuf ausmv f eG jf cif; r&Sv d Qiaf omfvnf;aumif;? aqmif&u G jf cif; jyKEdkio f nf/ þonfrSm owif;pmaqmif;yg;rsm;ESihf umv owfrSwfcsufjzifh xkwaf 0aom pmapmifrsm;rS aumufEkwf udk;um;í tusO;f csKyftjzpf yHkESdyaf zmfjycsurf sm; tygt0if jzpfonf/ (2) pmayESifh tEkynmvuf&mrsm;udk pmoifMum;&ef tvdkYimS yHkEydS x f kwaf 0rIwiG f yHkqo GJ ½kyaf zmfjcif;? toHvTijhf cif;? toHjzifjh zpfap? ½kyjf zifh jzpfap ul;,ljcif; ponfwkYd jyKvkycf hJ vQif xdkjyKvkyfrIonf w&m;rQwonfh vkyx f kH;rsm;ESifhtnD jzpfygu or*¾0ifEkdiif Hrsm;\ Oya't&aomfvnf;aumif;? wnfqJ txl;oabmwlnDcsufrsm;t& aomfvnf;aumif;? oabmwlnDcsujf yKvkyí f aomfvnf;aumif; cGihjf yKEdkifonf/ (3) txufazmfjyyg pmyd'k rf sm;ESit hf nD vkyu f ikd f aqmif&u G f
cJhonfh vuf&mrsm;tm; &,l&m t&if;tjrpfESifh zefwD;jyKpk ol\ trnfemrtm; azmfjyyg&SdcJhvQif azmfjyí aqmif&Guf &rnf/ (4) vwfwavm jzpfysuv f su&f adS om pD;yGm;a&;? Edkiif aH &;? odkYwnf;r[kwf bmoma&;taMumif; udpörsm;udk uefYowf xm;aMumif; odompGm azmfjyxm;jcif; r&SdcJhvQif owif;pm üaomfvnf;aumif;? toHvTihcf suf tjzpfaomfvnf;aumif;? aMu;eef;jzifh trsm;jynfov l x l k od&adS p&efaomfvnf;aumif; xyfqifhul;,l azmfjyjcif;udk or*¾0ifEkid fiHrsm;\ Oya't& cGijhf yKEdkio f nf/ odYw k ap &,l&mXmeudu k m; &Si;f vif;jywfom; pGm nTefjyjcif;jyK&rnf/ þodkY wm0ef&rSd Iukd csKd;azmufjcif; twGuf jzpfay:vmonfh Oya'a&;&mudpörsm;udk (rlykid fcGih)f umuG,af pmifha&Smufru I kd awmif;cHonfh Edkiif \ H w&m;Oya' rsm;t& jy|mef;owfrSwf&rnf/ (5) jrifawGUcJh&aom odkYwnf;r[kwf Mum;odcJh&aom pmayESihf tEkynmvuf&mrsm;ESifh ywfoufí owif;ay; &ef tvdkiY Sm "mwfyHkjzifhaomfvnf;aumif;? ½ky&f Sifvkyif ef;jzifh aomfvnf;aumif;? toHviT jhf cif;jzifh vnf;aumif;? aMu;eef; jzifhvnf;aumif; jyefvnfu;l ,lazmfjyjcif;udk or*¾0if Edkiif H rsm;\ Oya'jy|mef;csujf zifh jyKvkyí f trsm;jynfov l lxktm; wifjyEdkifonf/ (1) Zmwfobif? *DwZmwfobifESifh aw;*Dwvuf&m rsm;udk zefwD;jyKvkyfolrsm;onf (u)¤if;wdkY\ vuf&mrsm;tm; vltrsm;a&SUwiG f wifquf
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(1) pmayvuf&mrsm;udk zefw;D jyKpkoo l nf atmufygwdkY udk cGifhjyK&ef wpfOD;wnf; rlydkicf Hpm;cGihf &Sdonf/ (u)¤if;wdkY\ vuf&mudk vltrsm;a&SUwGif &Gwfqkdjcif;? xdkokYd &Gwq f dk&eftwGuf rnfonfhenf;jzifhrqdk jyK vkyjf cif; tygt0if jzpfonf/ (c) ¤if;wdkY\ vuf&mudk &Gwfqdkjcif;ESifh ywfoufí trsm;jynfolvlxktm; qufoG,f today;jcif;/ (2) pmayvuf&m zefwD;jyKpkolonf rl&if;vuf&m\ rlydkifcGifhoufwrf;umv wpfavQmufvHk; ,if;vuf&m bmomjyefqkdjcif;ESihf ywfoufívnf; tvm;wl rlydkicf Gihf &Sdonf/ pmayESihf tEkynmvuf&m zefw;D jyKpkorl sm;onf rS;D jcif;? tpDtpOfjyKjcif;ESifh tjcm;enf; jyKjyifajymif;vJjcif;rsm;udk tcGifhjyK&ef wpfOD;wnf; rlykid fcHpm;cGifh &So d nf/ (1)or*¾0ifEkid if w H pfckonf aw;*Dwvuf&m zefwD;jyKpk olESifh rnfonfh pmom;udkrqdk zefwD;jyKpkolwdkYtm; (,if; pmom; zefw;D jyKpkou l aw;*Dw vuf&mESiht f wl toHoiG ;f ,ljcif;udk cGifhjyKxm;cJhNyD;jzpfvQif) ay;tyfxm;aom wpfOD; wnf; rlydkifcGifhudk uefYowfcsufrsm;? pnf;urf;csufrsm;
csrw S jf cif; jyKEdkio f nf/ okaYd omf ,if;aqmif&Gucf surf sm;onf csrw S af om Edkiif rH sm;wGio f m usio hf ;kH &efjzpfNyD; zefw;D jyKpkow l kYd \ oifhwifhrQwaom tusKd;cHpm;cGihu f kd xdyg;jcif; r&Sdap&/ oabmwlpmcsKyf r&Scd Jhonfjzpfaomf oifhawmfonfh tmPm ydkirf sm;u owfrSwaf y;&rnf/ (2) or*¾0ifEkid if w H pfckü 1928 ck? ZGef 2&ufwiG f a&mr NrKdUüvnf;aumif;? 1948 ck? ZGef 26&ufwGif b&yfq,fNrKdUü vnf;aumif; vufrSwaf &;xdk;cJhMuaom oabmwlnDcsuf tydk'f 13 (3) ESit hf nD toHoiG ;f cJhaom aw;*Dwvuf&mrsm; tm; ,if;Edkiif Hü jyefvnfxkwv f kyv f Qif tqdkyg Edkiif Hu þtufOya'\ abmiftwGif;odkY a&muf&SdNyD; 2ESpfjynfh ajrmufonfah eY rwdkirf D txd rlv zefw;D jyKpko\ l cGijhf yKcsuf r&SdbJ xkwfvkyfEdkio f nf/ (3) tydk'f (1) ESifh (2) wdkYESifhtnD toHoGif;,lcJhonf rsm;udk oufqkid &f m yk*K¾ v d rf sm;\ cGijhf yKcsurf &Sb d J Edkiif w H pfck twGi;f odkY wifoGif;cJhvQif tqdkygEdkifiHu Oya' csKd;azmuf aom vkyf&yf[k owfrSwx f m;cJhvQif odrf;qnf;Edkicf Gifh &Sd onf/ (1) pmayESifh tEkynmvuf&m zefwD;jyKpkolrsm;onf atmufygwdu kY kd cGijhf yKcsuaf y;&ef wpfO;D wnf;rlykid cf iG &hf o dS nf/ (u)½kyf&Sit f jzpf rSD;,ljcif;? ¤if;rSD;,ljcif;udk jyefvnf xkwv f kyjf cif;? rS;D xm;onfh t&mudkjzpfap? jyefvnf xkwfvkyfonft h &mudkjzpfap jzefYcsdjcif;/
(c) rSD;xm;onfh t&mudkjzpfap? jyefvnfxkwv f kyfonfh t&mudkjzpfap trsm;jynfolvlxka&SUarSmuf wif quf jyojcif;ESifh aMu;eef;tm;jzifh trsm;jynfol vlxktm; qufoG,w f ifqufjcif;/ (2) pmaytEkynm vuf&mwpfckrS ul;ajymif;xkwv f kyf xm;aom ½ky&f iS Zf mwfum;wpfckukd tjcm;tEkynmyHkpH wpfck odYk rS;D ,lcv hJ Qif ½ky&f iS Zf mwfum; zefw;D xkwv f kyo f t l m; ay;tyf xm;aomcGifhjyKcsufudk xdyg;jcif;r&SdapbJ rlv pmay tEkynmvuf&m zefwD;jyKpko\ l cGihjf yKcsuu f kd &,l&rnf jzpfonf/ (3) tydk'f 13(1) yg owfrw S cf surf sm;ESihf roufqkid af p &/ (1) rSD;jcif;? odkYwnf;r[kwf jyefvnfxkwv f kyjf cif; p ojzifh jyKvkyfxm;aom ½kyf&SifZmwfum;wpfckudk rlv vuf&m\ rlykid cf Gihu f dk xdyg;apjcif;r&SdapbJ rlvvuf&m tjzpf umuG,rf Iay;&rnf/ ½kyf&SifZmwfum;\ rlykdifcGihf ydkiq f kid o f o l nf rlvvuf&m zefw;D ol\ rlykid cf iG Ehf iS hf tvm;wl tcGiht f a&;udk ydkiq f kdicf iG h&f o dS nf/ txufazmfjyyg tydk'w f Gif &nfnTef;aom &ydkifcGihrf sm; tygt0ifjzpfonf/ (2) (u) ½ky&f iS Zf mwfum;wpfum;\ rlykid cf iG hu f kd ydkiq f kid f cGit hf m; ydkiq f kid cf iG hf awmif;cHjcif;jyKvkyo f nfh Edkiif u H Oya'owfrSwcf sujf zifh jy|mef;ay;&rnf/ (c) odkYaomf or*¾0ifEkid fiH\ Oya'ü ½ky&f SiZf mwfum; rlydkicf Gifh ydkifqkid folrsm;xJwGif ,if;½kyf&SiZf mwfum;
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wifjy&rnf/ nTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyfu or*¾0if Edkiif H tm;vHk;odkY csufcsi;f qufoG,f taMumif;Mum;ay; &rnf/ (C)tjcm;enf;? odkYwnf;r[kwf txl;owfrSwfcsuf [lonfrSm a&SUwGifqdkcJhaom wm0efcHrIqdkonfh pum;&yfES ifh qufpyfvsuf &Sdaom uefYowfrI pnf;urf;csurf sm;udk qdkvdkonf/ (3) Edkiif OH ya'u tjcm;enf;azmfjyay;xm;jcif; r&Scd v hJ Qif pmydk'f (2) (c) yg owfrSwcf surf sm;onf ½ky&f SiZf mwfum; zefwD;&eftwGuf jyKvkyaf om Zmwf0ifcef;rsm;? ajympum; rsm;? aw;*Dw vuf&mrsm;udk zefwD;olrsm;ESifhaomfvnf; aumif;? t"du 'g½du k w f mESiahf omfvnf;aumif; oufqkid jf cif; r&Sad p&/ odakY omf or*¾0ifEkid if rH sm;\ Oya'ü tqdyk g 'g½dkuf wmESifh ywfoufí usiho f Hk;&ef qdkcJhNyD;aom pmydk'f (2)(c) yg owfrSwcf surf sm; ryg&SdcJhvQif nTeMf um;a&;rSL;csKyfxH pmjzifh a&;om;wifjy&rnf/ ¤if;u or*¾0ifEdkiif Hrsm;udk csucf si;f qufoG,f today;vdrfhrnf/ (1) pma&;olrsm;ESifh oDcsif;a&;om;olrsm;\ rl&if; tEkynmvuf&mrsm;? rl&if;vufa&;rlrsm;ESifh pyfvsOf;í rlvzefw;D jyKpko?l odw kY nf;r[kwf ¤if;uG,v f eG o f mG ;cJNh yD;jzpfu ,if;EdkifiH\ Oya't& tcGit fh mPmtyfESi;f jcif; cH&aom yk*K¾ v d rf sm;? odw kY nf;r[kwf tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;onf rl&if; a&;om; jyKpkolu yxrtBudrf vTJajymif;ay;cJhNyD;aemuf jzpfay:vm onfh rnfoakYd om a&mif;csru I rqdk ay:xGuv f maom tusK;d
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(3) txuftydk'f (1) wGif &nfneT ;f cJhonfh vuf&mrsm;rS ty jzpfaom trnfrodESihf uavmif0Sufvuf&mrsm;\ udpöwGirf l vuf&may:wGif azmfjyyg&Sad om xkwfa0olonf tjcm;qefu Y sib f uf oufaotaxmuftxm;rsm; r&Scd JhvQif zefwD;jyKpkoltm; udk,fpm;jyKol[k owfrSwEf dkiNf yD; ,if; owfrSwfcsut f & zefwD;jyKpkol\ &ydkicf Gihrf sm;udk umuG,f jcif;? awmif;cHjcif; jyKvkyEf kid o f nf/ þtydk'yf g owfrw S cf suf rsm;onf zefwD;jyKpkolu ¤if;\ trnfemrudk xkwaf zmf aMunmNyD; rlykdicf iG hf awmif;qdkaomtcgwGif &yfpJomG ;onf/ (4)(u) zefwD;jyKpkol\ trnfemrudk rod&aom yHkEySd f xkwfa0jcif; rjyK&ao;onfh vuf&mrsm;udpöwGif zefwD;jyKpkolonf or*¾0if Edkiif Hwpfck\ Edkiif Hom; jzpfonf[k ,HkMunfavmufaom tcsurf sm;aMumifh rSw, f El kid cf v Jh Qif zefw;D jyKpk ol\ udk,pf m; or*¾0if Edkiif rH sm; rlykid cf iG u hf muG,jf cif;? awmif;cHjcif; ponf wdkY jyKvkyEf kid &f ef t&nftcsi;f jynh0f onfh tzGJU tpnf;tm; owfrw S af y;&ef or*¾0ifEkid if u H Oya' t& aqmif&Gufay;&rnf jzpfonf/ (4)(c) ,if;odYk owfrw S af y;onfh Edkiif o H nf owfrw S af y; onfh tzGJUtpnf;ESihf pyfvsO;f orQ tcsut f vuf tjynft h pHkukd pmjzifha&;om;azmfjyí nTeMf um;a&; rSL;csKyfxH today; taMumif;Mum;&rnf/ nTeMf um; a&;rSL;csKyfu tjcm; or*¾0ifEdkifiHrsm; tm;vHk;xH ,if;udpu ö kd csucf si;f qufo, G f taMumif;Mum;ay; &rnf/
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(6) bmomjyefvuf&mwpfckukd bmomjyefqkjd cif;qdki&f m rlydkicf Gifh &&Syd kdiq f kdio f l? odkYwnf;r[kwf ¤if;\tcGit hf mPm ay;tyfxm;olu Edkiif HwpfckwGif tjcm;tvm;oP²mefwl vuf&mrsm;tm; a&mif;csaom wefzk;d ESihf EIid ;f ,SOcf sut f m;jzifh oifhwifhrQwaom wefzdk;jzifh yHkESyd fxkwfa0jcif; jyKcJhonf qdkvQif þtydk't f & ay;tyfxm;aom vkyyf dkicf Gifhvkid pf if onf txuf tqdkyg bmomjyef yHkEydS x f kwaf 0aomvuf&m ESihf bmompum;wlnND yD; taMumif;t&mvnf; wlnaD ecJyh gu &yfpJoGm;&rnf/ vkyyf kid cf iG hf vdkipf if &yfpJjcif;rjyKrDu &SdaecJh aom pmtkyrf sm;udkrl ukefqHk;oGm;onftxd qufvufí jzefYjzL;a&mif;csjcif; jyKEdkio f nf/ (7) o½kyaf zmfyrkH sm;om t"dutm;jzifh yg0ifaom vuf&m rsm;udk pmom;tm; bmomjyefNyD; o½kyaf zmfykrH sm;tm; xyfqifh ul;,l yHkEdyS x f kwaf 0cGifhvkid fpif ay;tyfjcif;udk tydk'f (3)yg pnf;urf;owfrSwcf surf sm;twdki;f tjynft h 0 vdkufemvQif jyKvkyfEdkifonf/ (8) zefwD;jyKpkol pma&;q&mu ¤if;\ vuf&mpmtkyf rsm; tm;vHk;udk jzefYjzL;a&mif;csrIjyKjcif;rS ½kyo f rd f;cJhvQifrl vkyyf dkicf Gifhvkid fpif ay;tyfjcif; rjyKEdkifay/ (9) (u) yHkEydS x f kwaf 0jcif; jyKxm;aom? odw kY nf;r[kwf oP²mefwl xyfqifhxkwfvkyfxm;aom vuf&mwpfck\ bmomjyeftm; pmydk'f (1)wGif &nfneT ;f yg&Sad om Edkiif üH ½k;H csKyf xm;&Sdaom toHvTihv f kyfief; tzGJUtpnf;wpfcktm; txuf yg Edkiif &H dS tmPmydkipf ;kd &m tzGUJ xHavQmufxm;cJv h Qif atmufyg pnf;urf;csurf sm;ESihf nDnw G yf gu vkyyf kid cf iG hv f kid pf if ay;Edkif onf/
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(5) atmufygudp&ö yfrsm;wGif bmomjyefvuf&mwpfckukd xyfqifhxkwv f kyjf cif;? ykHEydS x f kwaf 0jcif; vdkipf ifukd xkwaf y; jcif; r&Sdap&/ (1) bmomjyefqckd iG hf &&So d l? odw kY nf;r[kwf ¤if;u tcGihf tmPm vTt J yfay;olu bmomjyefqkd xkwaf 0jcif; r[kwjf cif;/ (2) bmomjyefqkx d m;jcif;onf avQmufxm;onfhEkid if üH trsm;oHk;pGJvsuf&Sdaom bmompum; r[kwfjcif;/ (6) xyfqifh xkwv f yk cf iG &hf &So d u l ? odw Yk nf;r[kwf ,if;\ tmPm vTJtyfay;olu pmydk'f (1)wGif &nfnTe;f aom Edkiif üH oifhwifah vsmufywfaom aps;EIef;jzifh pmtkyfudk xkwfa0 jzefYcsdjcif; jyKcJhvQif þtydk'ft& ay;tyfcJhaom rnfonfh vdkipf ifrqdk &yfqkid ;f oGm;ap&rnf/ vdkipf if½kyo f rd ;f &yfqkid ;f jcif; rjyKrDu jzefYa0cJhaom pmtkyfrsm;udkrl ukeq f Hk;onftxd qufvufjzefaY 0 a&mif;cscGih&f o Sd nf/ (7) (u) pmydk'fcGJ (c) t& þtydk'u f kd usiho f Hk;aom vuf&mrsm;onf yHkESdyfxkwfa0aom? odkYr[kwf tvm; oP²mefwl xyfqifx h kwaf 0aomvuf&mrsm;[kom uefYowf xm;&rnf/ (7)(c) þtyd'k o f nf Oya'ESit hf nD aqmif&u G x f m;aom ½kyfjrifoHMum; jyKvkyfcsufrsm;ESifh ¤if;jyKvkyfcsufrsm;xJwGif tygt0if jzpfaom vuf&mrsm;tm; xyfqifhxkwfvkyjf cif;? txJwGiyf g0ifaom pmom;rsm;tm; avQmufxm;jcif;jyKonfh Edkiif üH trsm;oHk;jzpfaom bmompum;jzifh bmomjyefqkjd cif; ponfh udpö&yfrsm;wGifvnf; qdkcJhaom ½kyfjrifoHMum; jyKvkyfcsufonf pepfwus oifMum;jyoa&;vkyfief;rsm;
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(c) þoabmwlnDcsuyf g tydk'f (5)t& umuG,frI jyKxm;onfh "mwfjym;xJwGif xnhfoGif;yg0ifaom azsmaf jzwifqufrI jzpfjcif;/ (*) azsmaf jzwifqufrIonf "mwfjym;xJwGif xnfhoiG ;f xm;jcif; r[kwfaomfvnf; þoabmwlnDcsuyf g tydk'f (6)t& umuG,frIjyKxm;onfh toHvTifh vkyif ef;u xkwv f kyfjcif;/ (1) pmcsKyf0if Edkiif Hwkdif;onf atmufyg owfrSwcf suf wpfckckESifh nDnGwcf JhvQif "mwfjym;xkwv f kyo f ltm; Edkiif H aqmif&Guyf dkicf Gifhukd ay;tyfjcif; jyKEdkio f nf/ (u) "mwfjym;xkwfvkyfolonf tjcm; pmcsKyf0if EdkifiH wpfck\ Edkiif o H m;jzpfjcif;/ (Edkiif Hom;jzpfrI owfrw S f csuf) (c) rlvtoHoGi;f ,lrIudk tjcm; pmcsKyf0ifEkid if Hwpfckü jyKvkycf jhJ cif;/ (vkyif ef; aqmif&u G rf I owfrw S cf su)f (*) "mwfjym;udk tjcm;pmcsKyf0ifEkid if w H pfckü rlv xkwf vkycf Jhjcif;/ (xkwfa0rl owfrSwfcsuf) (2) pmcsKyf0if r[kwfaom Edkiif Hwpfckü "mwfjym;udk yxrxkwaf 0cJo h nf jzpfaomfvnf; xdkokyYd xrtBudrf xkwf a0onfah eYrS &ufaygif; 30twGi;f tjcm;pmcsKyf0if EdkifiH wpfckwGifvnf; xkwaf 0jcif;jyKcJhvQif (wpfNyKdief ufwnf; xkwaf 0jcif;) pmcsKyf0if Edkiif Hü rlv xkwaf 0jcif;[k ,lqEdkif onf/
(3) ukvor*¾tzGJU\ twGi;f a&;rSL;csKyfxH today; taMumif;Mum;pm ay;ydjkY cif;tm;jzifh pmcsKyf0if Edkiif H wpfEkid if H onf xkwaf 0rI owfrw S cf suu f kd jzpfap? vkyif ef;aqmif&u G f rI owfrw S cf suu f kjd zpfap vdkuef musio hf Hk;jcif; rjyKEdkiaf Mumif; aMunmjcif; jyKEdkio f nf/ ,if;odkY today;taMumif;Mum;jcif; udk pmcsKyf twnfjyKcsde?f vufcHcsde?f yl;aygif;yg0ifcsde?f odkYwnf;r[kwf ,if;odkY aqmif&u G Nf yD;aemuf wpfcsdecf sed w f Gif jyKvkyEf kdio f nf/ xdkokYd jyKvkyo f nfh aemuf 6 vMumjrifhonfh tcsdefwGif pwif tusK;d oufa&mufjcif; &Sad pvdrfhrnf/ (1) pmcsKyf0ifEdkiif Hwkid ;f onf atmufyg owfrSwfcsuf wpfckESifh nDnGwfcJh vQif toHvTifhvkyfief;tzGJUtpnf; wpf&yftm; EdkifiHaqmif&Gufykid fcGihf ay;tyfjcif; jyKEdkio f nf/ (u) toHviT fhvkyif ef;\ ½kH;csKyfonf tjcm; pmcsKyf0if Edkiif H wpfckwGif wnf&Sdjcif;/ (c) toHviT jhf cif;vkyif ef;udk tjcm; pmcsKyf0ifEkid if H wpfck wGif wnf&o Sd nfh xyfqifhviT fh puf½kHrS aqmif&Guf jcif;/ (2)ukvor*¾tzGJU\ twGif;a&;rSL;csKyfxH today; taMumif;Mum;pm ay;ydkYjcif;tm;jzifh pmcsKyf0ifEkid if H wpfEkid if H onf tjcm; pmcsKyf0if EdkifiHwpfEkid fiHwGif ½k;H csKyfwnf&SdNyD; ¤if;ae&m&Sd xyfqifv h iT hf puf½Hrk S xkwv f iT ahf om toHviT hcf suf udkomvQif umuG,frI jyKvkyfrnfhtaMumif; xkwfazmf aMunmEdkifonf/ ,if;odkY today;taMumif;Mum;jcif;udk pmcsKyf twnfjyKcsed ?f vufccH sed ?f yl;aygif;yg0ifcsed ?f odkYwnf;
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(u)¤if;wdkY\ toHviT hcf surf sm;tm; xyfqifh toHviT hf jcif;? (c) ¤if;wdkY\ toHvTifhcsufrsm;tm; wpfenf;wpfzHk jyKjyifzefwD;í toHvTifhjcif;? (*) xyfqifh xkwv f kyjf cif;? (1) ¤if;wdkY\ toHvTifhcsufrsm;tm; ¤if;wdkY\ oabmwlncD suf r&Sb d J wpfenf;wpfzkH jyKjyifzefwD; í toHvTifhjcif;? (2) ¤if;wdkY\ toHviT hcf sufrsm;tm; tydk'f (15)yg pnf;urf;csufrsm;ESifhtnD wpfenf;wpfzHkjyKjyif zefwD;í toHvTih&f mü xyfqifhxkwfvTihjf cif;onf tqdkyg pnf;urf; owfrSwcf surf sm;wGif &nfnTef; xm;onfrsm; ESihrf wl jcm;em; aom &nf&, G cf sujf zifh xyfqifh xkwfvkyfxm;jcif;? (C)¤if;wd\ Yk ½kyjf rifoMH um; xkwv f iT hcf surf sm;udk jynfol vlxktrsm;tm; qufoG,fay;ydkY&mü xdkokdY jyKvkyf jcif;onf jynfol vltrsm; oGm;vm0ifxu G Ef kid af om ae&mrsm;ü tc0ifaMu;,lí jyKvkyfjcif;jzpfvQif rlykid cf Gihf awmif;qdkaom Edkiif H\ jynfwiG ;f Oya'rsm; t& pnf;urf;owfrSwcf surf sm; csrSwu f siho f Hk;Edkif onf/ þoabmwlpmcsKyft& umuG,af pmifah &SmufrI ay;jcif; onf (u) wpfenf;wpfzHk jyKjyifzefwD;jcif;onf "mwfjym;ESihf
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