1001SovSec52_2019

nocTpOHKH Ha A8'18. 06A38T8AbHbl8 npaBHAa H peKOM8HA8QHH ,lla'IH&Iil y11acmoK unu iJoM 3a 'lepmou aopooa - 3mo Mecmo noKOR u omiJ&Ixa om acex cyem wyMHbiX Meaanonucoa. H ecnu nompamum& ycunuR Ha apaMomHoe pa3Me~eHue nocmpoeK Ha y'lacmKe, npuneaa10~eM K iJoMy, mo apeMR, npoaeiJeHHoe 3a aopoiJoM, 6yoem HanonHeHo oc o6&1M KOMr/JopmoM u y10moM. no3moMy ecm& CM&Icn pa3o6pam&cR a moM, KaKue >Ke nocmpo uKu Ha iJa'le RaflRIOmCR yMeCmHb/MU.

IlpaaUJla, o KomopblX cmoum3Hamb OcHosoLI! ycnewHoro pacnpe,qeneHV15~ reppV1TOpV1V1 B03ne AOMa 5~Bn5~eTC5'1 nnaH , B KOTOpOM 6ygyr Y'HeHbl see HOpMbl V1 npaBV1na , nponV~caH ­ Hble s 3aKoHo,qarenbHOLit 6a3e Pet>. Kaca5~Cb TeMbl HOpMaTVIBOB 6onee no,qpo6HO, CTOVIT o6paTV1Tb BHV1MaHV1e Ha cnegyiOll.lYIO V1Hcj:JOpMa~V110 : ..,_ rpaHVI~a yYaCTKa coce,qeLI! ,qom+<Ha HaxoAY1TbC5~ MV1HY1MYM B 3-X MeTpax OT nOCTpOeHHOro gaYHoro goMa ; ..,_ cpe,qHepocnble pacreHV15~ ca>+<aiOT Ha pacCT05~HV1V1 2-X M OT rpaHVI~bl , BbiCOKOpoCnble - OT 4-x M; ..... nocTpOLifKV1 , B KOTOpbiX 6ygyT CO,qep>t<aTbC5'1 nTVI~bl, a Tai<>Ke MenKV1Lif CKOT, - OT 4 M; ..,_ nl06ble gpyr1-1e KOHCTPYK~V1V1 MO>+<Ho B03BOAY1Tb s Merpe or YepTbl yYacrKa coce,qeLI! ; ..,_ paccT05~HV1e or nocrpoLIIKV1 n106oro TV1na AO TaK Ha3biBaeMOLif KpaCHOLif nV1HV1V1 (neweXOAHa5~ 30Ha, ,qopora) He ,qon>t<HO 6b1Tb MeHbWe 5 M. Ta KVIM o6pa30M, AOM V1 gpyrV1e KOHCTPYK~V1V1 MO>t<HO B03BOAV1Tb, OTCTynVIB BCero nV1Wb 5 M OT 3a6opa , npV1nerafOll.lero K yn1-1~e. Tenepb CTOVIT ygenV1Tb BHV1MaHV1e TOMY cj:JaKTy, KaKVIM gon>t<HO

Mamepuan&l, U3 Komop&IX a&monHeHbl U Hecy~ue KOHCmpyKL(UU

6b1Tb paCCT05'1HV1e Me>t<gy noCTpOLifKaM V1 Ha TeppV1TOpY1V1 yYaCTKa . Bna,qene~ 3aropo,qHoro goMa 065'138H npV1,qep>t<V1BaTbC5'1 cnegyiOll.lVIX MV1HV1ManbHbiX orpaHV14eHV1Lif : .....

Me>t<gy AOMOM V1 nOCTpOLifKaM V1 gn5~ Men Oro CKOTa gonyCTVIMOe paCCT05'1HV1e - 12 M; ..,_ TaKoe >+<e orpaHV14eHV1e cn pase,qnV1BO 1 s cnyYae c norpe6oM ; ..,_ 6aH5~ , a Tai<>Ke gyw He Moryr 6b1Tb nocTpoeHbl 6nV1>t<e YeM B 8 MeTpax OT AOMa ; .....

KOMnOCTHOe ycTpOLifCTBO, paBHO Ka . y6opHa5~ c Konog~eM Tai<>Ke ,qon>+<Hbl pacnon araTbC5~ MV1HY1MYM B 8 M OT AOMa. npV1 3TOM COIIIT Y4V1TbiBaTb V1 npast.-1na, KacaiOll.lV1ec5~ npoTV1BO o>+<apHoLII 6e3onacHOCTV1 . Yro6bl nerKo opV1eHTV1posaTbC5~ B A8HHOLif rpynne CTaH,qapTOB, MO HO V1Cnonb30BaTb cnegyfOll.lYIO ra6nY1~Y·

PaccmoRHUe

oapa>KiJa10~ue

>Kene306eTOH , KaMeHb , 6eTOH V1 np04V1e Herop104V1e

a Mempax

A

6

B

6

8

10

A

MarepV~anbl

8

10

12

6

Herop104V1e MarepY~anbl, V1Me10ll.lV1e ,qepeB5~HHble 3neMeHTbl nepeKpb1TV15'1 V1 noKpbiTV15'1 , KOTOpble 38ll.lV1ll.leHbl TPYAHOrop104V1MV1 crpoLI!MarepV1anaMV1

10

12

15

B

KoHcrpyK~V1V1 orpa>t<gaiOll.lero V1 KapKacHoro TV1na, BblnonHeHHble V13 TPYAHorop104V1X, Herop104V1X V1 rop104V1X MarepV~anos, a rai<>Ke gepeso

3Ty CXeMy CTOVIT V1CnOnb30B8Tb, paCC4V1TbiBa5'1 paCCT05'1HV1e Me>t<gy nOCTpOLifK8MV1 KaK Ha TeppV1TO pV1 V1 C06CTBeHHOro Y48CTK8, T8K V1 no OTHOWeHVIIO K COCeACKVIM KOHCTpyK~V15'1M . He CTOVIT 386biB8Tb V1 0 TOM , 4TO COrnaCHO geLifCTBYIOll.lVIM HOpMaTV1B8M 06ll.la5'1 KBa,qparypa BCeX nOCTpOeK He MO>KeT 6b1Tb BbiW e 30% or nnoll.l8AV1 yyacrKa. Pa3o6paBWV1Cb c reM, KaK ,qon>t<HO Bblrn5~,qeTb rpaMOTHoe pacnono>+<eHV1e nocrpoeK Ha gaYH OM yyacrKe, norV14HO ygenV1Tb BHV1M8HV1e BY1A8M KOHCTPYK~VILI! , KOTOpble noMoryr o6naropo,qV1Tb rep pV1TOpV110 so3ne 3aropo,qHoro AOMa.

MecTo ,nJIH MaiiiHHhi

bQI:l.Jl - 3aJlOZ 3d0p08b.Jl

u Ka~tecmBennozo omdbtxa

Ew,e OAHIIIM npliiMepoM aKTyanbHO~ nocTpo~­ Kiil Ha nplilyCaAe6HOM yYaCTKe f!Bnf!eTCS'I rapa)f{.

Kacaf!Cb TeMbl 6aHiil , CTOIIIT cpa3y )f{e OTMeTI!ITb , '-ITO

111 3AeCb Ba)f{HO pa306paTbCfl C TeM, KOrAa liiMeH-

nocTpoV!Ka TaKoro Tlilna He AOn)f{Ha HaXOAIIITbCfl Ha TOVI

HO Iii KaK YaCTO aBTOM061i1nb 6yAeT HaXOAiiiTbCS'I

YaCTiil TeppliiTOplillil, KOTopafl np111neraeT K AOpore . TaK)f{e 6aHS'I CTpOiiiTCS'I MliiHiiiMYM B

15

B npeAenax AaYiil . Ecn111 noe3AKiil 3a ropoA HO-

MeTpax OT ni060-

Cf!T liiCKniOYI!ITenbHO Ce30HHbl~ xapaKTep, TO B

ro liiCTOYHIIIKa BOAbl. 3TO Ba)f{HO Anfl CHI!I)f{eHiilfl pliiCKa noATonneHiilfl KOHCTPYK~Iillil.

TennyiO neTHIOIO norOAY Anfl nl061i1MOro aBTO

Ha1116onee rapMOHiiiYHO

BillA 6aHiil 6yAeT COYeTaTbCS'I C TeppliiTOpliiS'IMiil yYaCTKa ,

AOCTaTOYHO 6yAeT Iii aKKypaTHOro HaBeca C no-

.,

ni!IKap60HaTHbiM lilnlil WlilcpepHbiM noKpbiTiileM.

YAaneHHbiMiil oT BXOAa .

B KaYeCTBe

B

cnyYae 31i1MHIIIX Blil31i1TOB eCTb CMbiCn 3aAyMaTb-

cTpOIIITenbHoro MaTeplilana Anfl 6aHiil

CS'I o

YaCTO liiCnOnb3YIOT 6pyc lilnlil 6peBHa, HO He 6yAeT

nonHo~eHHOM

rapa)f{e, pa3Mepbl KOTOporo, K

CnOBy, AOn)f{Hbl 6b1Tb He MeHbWe

0Wiii6KOVt Iii B03BeAeHI!Ie KlilpnliiYHbiX CTeH, a TaK)f{e cpa-

6

X

3

M.

CaAa 1113 HaTypanbHOrO KaMHS'I .

Tytlllem npliiCTynaf! K CTpOIIITenbCTBY TyaneTa , 6e3 KOTOporo Ha AaYe He

He 3a6biBaeM

060VtTiiiCb, He06XOAiiiMO nOMHiiiTb npOCTOVt npliiH~Iiln: :na nOCTpOV!Ka

0 X03HHCTBeHHbiX

AOn>KHa HaXOAiiiTbCS'I Ha MaKCI!IManbHOM YAaneHiillil OT AOMa Iii

KOnOA~a,

)f{enaTenbHO rAe-Hiii6YAb B yrny yYaCTKa.

llOCTpOHKaX

TaK)f{e He CTOIIIT nOBTOpS'ITb pacnpOCTpaHeHHYIO OW1i16Ky Iii CTpOiiiTb

06AYMbiBaf! pa3Mew,eHI!Ie no-

BpeMeHHbiVI TyaneT, a noToM nepeAenbiBaTb ero. nyYwe lii3HaYanbHO

cTpoeK Ha 3eMenbHOM yYaCTKe,

CAenaTb nonHo~eHHYIO KOHCTPYK~IiiiO . 3TO 03HaYaeT

nplilneraiOW,eM K AaYHOMY AOMy,

f!Mbl,

He06XOAiiiMO yYeCTb HanliiYiile KOHCTPYK~~~~~~~ xo3fiVICTBeHHO-

KpbiTbiM

~eneV!.

B

Bblrpe6HOVt He06XOAiiiMO

()f{IIIAKI!Ie OTXOAbl CMO-

cpyHAaMeHTa, 3anliiTOro Hl!l)f{e

nocTpoVIKiil

Anfl

rny60KOVt KOTOpOVt

ryT nerKo yxoAI!ITb B 3eMniO ), 111

111cnonb30BaTb X03f!VtMO)f{HO

CTeHbl

3a6eTOHiilpOBaTb, OCTaBIIIB AHO OT-

ro Ha3HaYeHiilfl . cTBeHHble .

HanliiYiile

ypoBHfl npoMep3aHiilfl rpyH-

pa3HbiX

Ta .

nepByiO

OYepeAb - 3TO MeCTO Anfl

xpaHeHI!IR

liiH-

cTpyMeHTa Iii pa60Tbl

CTpOHM

C HliiM . '-!aCTO nOA06-

capaii:

Hble

KOHCTPYK~Iillil

pa3-

Mew,aiOT TaK, YT06bl KOnOAe~

Anfl yxoAa 3a nl06biM AaY-

OKa3ancf! BHYTPiil

HbiM

nOCTpOVtKiil . 3TO n03BOnf!eT 3aW,IiiTIIITb onacHyiO 30HY

cTByeT TaKOVt BillA nOCTpOVtKiil, KaK CapaV!.

KOTOpbl~ yTennReTCS'I

(HanpliiMep,

cne

MliiHBaTo~) ,

OnTIIIManbHbiVI pa3Mep noA06HoVI KOHCTPYK~Iillil-

MO)f{HO ,

liiCnOnb3YR KapKaCHbl~ Tliln KOHCTpyK~Iillil,

a

no-

3

CaMbiM HaAe)f{HbiM

X

4

MeTpa . Ecn111 Ha AaYe 6YAYT pa3BOAiiiTbCS'I )f{IIIBOTHble (HyTplillil,

KPOIIIKiil , KYPiil~bl 111 AP .) , TO 111x MO)f{HO pa3Mew,aTb B capae np111 ycnoBiillil, '-ITO OH 6yAeT KaYeCTBeHHO yTenneH.

o6wi!IBaeTcfl AepeBOM lilnlil

ca~AiiiHroM .

KO-

Aa 111 He HY)f{HO. Anfl 3Tiilx ~eneV! cyw,e-

w,aeT 3aMep3aHI!Ie Hacoca.

X036nOK

noHaA061i1TCS'I

liiHBeHTapb,

TOpbiVt xpaHI!ITb B AOMe HeyA06HO,

OT 030pHbiX AeTeVI Iii npeAOTBpanocTpOiiiTb

yYaCTKOM

onpeAeneHHbiVt

nplil 3TOM AaYHI!IKaM , KOTOpble nnaHIIIPYIOT 3aBOAiiiTb )f{liiBOTHbiX, none3HO 6yAeT 3HaTb, YTO cornacHo AeVIcTBYIOW,IiiM caHI!ITapHbiM HopMaM

BaplilaHTOM , KOHeYHO )f{e , 6yAeT

MaKCI!IManbHOe AOnyCTiiiMOe KOnliiYeCTBO KpOnliiKOB Ha AaYHOM yYaCTKe-

nocTpo~Ka 1113 neHo6eToHa lilnlil

20

KlilpnliiYa.

perliiCTplilpOBaTb yYaCTOK KaK cpepMepCKOe X03f!VtCTBO.

WT., a KYPiil~ -

40

WT. nplil HeBblnOnHeHiillil AaHHbiX HOpM npi!IAeTCS'I

KpoMe 8&/WeonucaHH&IX KOHCmpyKf..4UU Ha Oa'le unu npuycaoe6HOM y&~aCmKe MO)f(HO pa3Mecmum& 6eceoKy, 6acceuH, Konooe1..4, nemHuu oyw u3 nonuKap6oHama, mennu1..4y, oemcKyiO nnoU(aoKy, Kupnu'IH&Iu MaH2an U KOnmun&HIO noo HaSeCOM. rnaaHoe, npu 3ffl0M cneooaam& HOpMamuaaM U COXpaHRfflb

&eceAKa · H3 DOAHKap60H8T8 00IU4Kap60HUMI#I:

muna

1

1

1 1

Caooe&le 6eceoKu u3 nonuKap6oHama e&I2J7iUJRm HeeecoM&IMU u xpynKuMu, HO Ha oene omnu"'aJOmcR npo'IHocm&JO u ooneoee'IHocm&JO. TaKaR nocmpouKa, co6paHHaR CSOUMU pyKaMU, • paL(UOHan&HbiU eapuaHm npO'IHOU, OpUZUHan&HOU U SU3yan&HO neeKOU KOH· cmpyKL(UU, KomopaR cmaHem yKpaweHueM y'lacmKa Ha MHoeonem.

KaKou noJIHKap6oHaT DO,ll,XO,ll,HT ,ll,JIH 6ece,[I,OK H ,ll,pyrHx Ca,ll,OBLIX llOCTpOeK? no sHyrpeHHe~ crpyKrype non~Kap6o­ HaT Aen~Tc~ Ha ABa B~Aa: MoHom1THbiM nom1Kap6oHaT csepxnpol!Hbl~. HO T~>Kenbl~. nocKonbKY ~3rorosneH s B~Ae n~roro n~cra 6e3 nycror. noAXOA~T An~ Hasecos 6onee Macwra6HbiX, '-!eM 6eceAKa. CoTOBbiM nonHKap6oHaT (cTpyKTypHpoeaHHbiM) - cocro~T ~3 ABYX TOHK~x n~cros c BHyrpeHH~M~ neperopoAKaM~ . 3a C'-leT crpyKTYPbl oH cyll.lecrseHHO ner'-!e ~ MO>KeT cr~6arbc~. no TeXH~'-leCK~M xapaKTep~CT~K8M non~Kap60H8T C'-l~TaeTC~ OAH~M ~3 ny'-IW~X Bap~aHTOB H8 pbiHKe CBeTOnpo3p8l!HbiX crpo~renbHbiX Marep~anos: YAenbHbl~ sec - s 3as~c~Mocr~ or ronll.I~Hbl 0,55 - 2,5 Kr/KB. M (noAXOA~T An~ MOHTa>Ka 6e3 cne4rexH~K~) .

YAapHa~ npO'-lHOCTb- 1,4-5,6 A>K (BbiAep>K~T OC8AK~ C KpynHbiM rpaAOM).

Hecyll.la~ cnoco6HOCTb- np~ ycnos~~ pacnono>KeH~~ onopHbiX aneMeHTOB s 2 Merpa- AO 250 Kr/KB. M. A~ana30H

TeMnepaTyp - -50/+120°C, nOAXOA~T An51 BCeX pOCC~~CK~X Kn~M8T~'-leCK~X 30H, M8Tep~an K nepenaAaM. Cseronpo3pal!HOCTb- 82- 90% s 3as~c~MOCT~ or Hacbtll.leHHOCT~ l.\Bera ~ sap~aHTa Kpac~ren~ . CeneKT~BHbte noKpbiT~~ orpa>KaiOT AO 90% Y<l>-ny'-le~.

CraHAapTHble pa3Mepbl n~cros COTOBOrO nK- 2,1 M B W~p~HY ~ 3, 6, 12 M B An~Hy. CaMbl~ npocro~ sap~aHT - OAHOCKaTHa~ Kpbtwa: c OAHO~ crapo- ._----------------~:~~• Hbl KapKaca K sepxHe~ o6s~3Ke paMbl np~sap~sa10rc~ ABe sepr~CaMope3bl c npoKnaAKO~ KanbHble CTO~K~, OT H~X K npOT~BOnonO>KHbiM yrnaM cp~KC~pyiOTC~ npeAOTBP8l1.1810T KOHT8KT MeTanna ~ nnaABe rpy6bt. Yron yKnoHa Bbt6~paerc~ c pac'-!eTOM roro, '-IT06bt cHer CT~Ka, o6ecne'-l~BaiOT Ms:lrKyiO, HO nnor~ Tana~ BOA8 CTeKan~ CB060AHO. HYIO CT~>KKy. Ecn~ co6~paerc~ Kpbtwa c An~ ABYCKaTHO~ KpbtW~ sepr~KanbHbte aneMeHTbl cp~Kc~py10rc~ ABYCKaTHbiM csecoM, 3aKpbtTb KOHbKOs 4eHrpanbHO~ '-lacr~ sepxHe~ o6ss:~3K~. non~Kap6oHaT pacKpa~­ BYIO '-l8CTb MO>KHO CT8HA8PTHbiM npocp~­ saiOT raK, '-IT06bt sHyrpeHH~e pe6pa >KeCTKOCT~ cosnan~ c HanpasneM, KOTOpbl~ np~MeH~eTC~ An~ MeTanneH~eM cKaTa, '-ITO o6ner'-l~T YAaneH~e KOHAeHcara . An~ repMenol!epen~l.\bl.

An~ ocHosaH~~ 6eceAK~ T~'-lHOCT~ scex TO'-leK KpenneH~~ ~cnonb3YIOT repMowa~6bt. c Aepes~HHbiM KapKacoM coopy>Kaerc~ HeBbiCOK~~ CTOn6'-!8Tbl~ cf:>YHA8MeHT Ha Tpy6a IW1 6pyc ac6ecT04eMeHTHbiX rpy6ax. B H~x 6eroH~PYIOTC~ pe3b6osbte wn~nbK~ A~aMe­ rpoM 12-14 MM, He06XOA~Mble An~ 38KpenneH~s:l Hecyll.le~ paMbl. An~ onopHbiX croeK ~cnonb3yerc~ crporaHbl~ 6pyc ce'-!eH~eM 10 X 10 CM. ycro~'-l~B

EecedKa co cKamnou Kpbzmeu

ny'-IW~M sap~aHTOM KpenneH~~ C'-l~Ta­

eTC~ «w~n-na3» , 3acp~Kc~posaHHbl~ Mope3aM~.

ca-

ApoYHble KOHCTPYKI..II-11>1 AenataT Ha KapKace 1>13 npoqmns:~ 1-1m1 rpy6 . Ans:~ apoK c 6onbWI>1M paA1>1YCOM np1>1MeHfltOT yc1>1n1>188tOW,1>1e nOAKOCbl, onopbl, nonepeYHble pe6pa )f(eCTKOCTI-1.

0A1>1H 1>13 88pi>18HT08 - npl>188pi>1Tb 1>130rHyTble rpy6or1>160M npo¢1>1nbHble Tpy6bl K KapKacy. np~-1 r1>16Ke npo¢1>1ns:1 YYI>1Tbl8aercs:~ npeAenbHblll1 P8A1>1YC COT080ro noni>1Kap6oHaTa onpeAeneHHoll1 ronw,I>1Hbl , Hanpi-1Mep, Anfl 10-MI>1ni>1MeTp080ro OH COCT88nSleT 1,75 M. Apyroll1 8apl>1aHT - 6eceAKa c Kpb1Well1 1>13 noni>1Kap6oHaTa, He Tpe6ytOW,8Sl ¢YHA8MSHTa, OCH080II1 KOTOpoll1 cny)f(I>1T caM KapKaC. MeTanni>1YeCKI>1111 OCT08 T8KOII1 KOHCTPYKI..II-11>1 YA06Ho 3aKa3aTb Ha Meranno6a3e, HO MO)f(HO co6paTb caMocros:~renbHO no yepre)f(y. Ans:~ Kpb1W1>1 raKoll1 6eceAK1>1 AOCTaTOYHO OAHoro n1>1cra crpyKTYPI>1P08aHHoro nOni>1Kap6oHaTa, TOnW,1>1HOII1 8-10 MM .

C6opKa HaYI>1Haercs:~ CHI>13Y 88epx: cHaYana co61>1paercs:~ OCH088HI>1e, 38TSM K HeMy cpi>1KCI>1pytOTCSl 6onTaMI>1 ocranbHble 3neMeHTbl. Ans:~ npoYHOCTI-1 )f(enarenbHO 1>1Cnonb308aTb C8apKy 1>1n1>1 KOM61>1HI>1po8aTb cnoco6bl. Ecn~-1 ni>1CTbl noni>1Kap6oHara 6onbwe - pe)f(eM no pa3MepaM Yepre)f(a. Ans:~ ¢1>1KCal..ll>11>1 1>1Cnonb3YtOTCSl caMope3bl c repMowall16aMI>1.

noAe3Hbl8 COB8Tbl 1. B cnyYae ecn~-1 Ha KpbiWe npi>1XOA1>1TCS'I CTbiK088Tb A88 ni>1CTa, TO peKOMeHAyeTCSl 1>1Cnonb3088Tb Anfl 3Toll1 1..1en1>1 pa3beMHblll1 npo¢1>1nb, KOTOpb1111 1>1CKntOYI>1T pi>1CK npoTeKaHI-15'1 Kpo8enbHoro noKpbiTI-15'1. Pa3beMHblll1 npo¢1>1nb OA1>1HaK080 npi>1MeHs:~ercs:~ KaK Anfl Aepe8SlHHoro, TaK 1>1 Anfl Meranni>1YecKoro KapKaca.

CxeMa cm&tKoeKu oeyx nucmoe comoeoao nonuKap6oHama pa36opH&tM COeOUHUmen&HbiM npocjJuneM pa3biiMHbl~

npo¢11nb, KpbtWKa

caMope3bt CTepMOWaHOOH

Oco6eHHOCTH KOHCTPYKQHH H DOPRAOK pa60T nocrpoii1Ka, np~-1 8bl6ope pa3Mepo8 YA06HO OTTanKI>188TbCSl OT CT8HA8PTHbiX pa3Mepo8 ni>1CT8, TOrAa He np1>1AeTCSl 38Aenbi88Tb CTbiKI-1. nyYWI>1M no COOTHOWeHI-110 8eC/AOnr08eYHOCTb CYI>1T8eTCSl noni>1Kap60H8T 10 MM TOnW,1>1HOII1 . KapKaC C061>1paeTCSl 1>13 Merannonpo¢1>1ns:1 1>1n1>1 Aepe8fiHHoro 6pyca.

Pa6oTbl 8blnonHfltOTCSl 8 Tpl-1 3Tana (8apl>1aHT c Meranni>1YeCK1>1M OCH088HI>1eM): • <l>yHAaMeHT. 3a eYer He6onbworo 8eca KOHCTPYKI..II-11>1, AOCTaToYHO nerKoro cron6Yaroro ¢YHAaMeHTa. B s:~Max rny61>1HOII1 40-70 CM 6eTOHI>1pytOTCSl Tpy6bl, K88AP8THble 8 CeYeHI-11>1 (5 X 5 CM) . 0AH08peMeHHO 6eTOHI>1pyeTCSl OCH088HI>1e: c yyacrKa CHI>1Maercs:~ cnoll1 ASPHa, Hacbmaercs:~ w,e6eHKa (5 CM). Ha Hee YKn8Ab18810T 6eTOHHYIO CMeCb (6-1 0 CM) 1>1 8blp88HI>18810T np881>1nOM .

• KapKac. K 3a6eroHI>1po8aHHbiM cron61>1KaM np1>18ap1>18atOTCSl rop1>130HTanbHble nporOHbl, Ha KOTOpble 6YAYT Kpeni>1TbCSl 60K08ble 3Kp8Hbl 1>13 nOni>1Kap60HaTa 1>1 CK8Mbl>1 .

• Kpblwa - nps:~MOni>1Heii1Hafl 1-1n1>1 paA1>1YCHas:~ .

Ha 6a3e on1-1caHHbiX cnoco6o8 80380A1>1TCSl MHO)f(eCT80 1>1HTepeCHbiX 88p1>18HT08 6eCeAOK 1>13 noni>1Kap60H8T8 - C 60K08biMI>1 naHens:IMI-1 1>1 6e3, 80nH006p83HbiMI>1 1>1 «nOMaHbiMI-1» KpbiW8M1>1, C KpyrnbiM 1>1 MHOroyronbHbiM OCH088HI>1eM .

Topueeoi! npo¢11nb

Ecn~-1 rpe6yercs:~ He6onbwas:~

coTOebli< nonmap6omn Hecyll.lee OCHOeaHI18

nep<jloneHTa pa3bi!MHbiK npo¢Hnb, 6a3a

2. Ans:~ roro YT06bl 8HYTPb coro8oro noni>1Kap6oHara He nonaAana rps:13b 1>1 He cKannl>18ancs:~ KOHAeHcar np1>1 nepenaAax reMneparyp, H1>1)f(HI>1e TOPI..Ibl ni>1CT08 3aKpb188tOTCSl nep¢opl>1po8aHHOII1 ynnoTHI>1TenbHoll1 neHroll1 1>1 rop1..1e8biM npo¢1-1neM. nocne ycraH08KOII1 8 TOpl..le8oM npo¢1>1ne C8epni>1TCS'I HeCKOnbKO OT8epCTI>1111 Anfl C8060AHOrO CTeK8HI>1Sl CKOni>18WerOCSl KOHAaHCaTa. repMeTI>1YHO 38Kpb188Tb Hl>1)f(HI>1e TOPI..Ibl 3anpew,eHO. Ans:~ apoYHbiX KOHCTPYKI..II-1111 3TO rpe6o88HI>1e cnpa8eAn1>180 Anfl o6ei>1X CTOpOH ni>1CTa, ecn~-1 o6a Kpas:~ 1>1MetOT yKnoH. 3. Ew,e OA1>1H HtaaHc. nocrynataw,l-1111 c 3a8oA08 noni>1Kap6oHaT c 3aW,1>1THbiM cnoeM o6biYHO 3aKneeH cne1..11>1anbHOII1 nneHKoll1, npeAoxpaHs:~tO­ w,ell1 Marep1-1an Ha nep1>10A rpaHcnopr1>1p08KI>1 1>1 MOHT8)f(8. n1>11..1e88Sl CTOpOHa ni>1CT8 8 06Sl38TenbHOM nOpSlAKe AOn)f(H8 6b1Tb Ha 3TOII1 nneHKe noMeYeHa. 4ro6bl 8 nbmy pa60Tbl He nepenyraTb CTOpOHbl, peKOMeHAyeTCSl nneHKY C n1>11..1e8oll1 CTOpOHbl CHI>1M8Tb y)f(e no OKOHY8HI>11>1 MOHT8)f(8.

&eceAKa .., B BHAe npHCTpOHKH Baw caAOBbll71 y•-mcroK He6onbWliiX pa3Mepoa? Oml!IYHOe peweHl!le - npl!lcrpol!ITb 6eceAKY K AOMy. B raKOM cnyyae, saM He npliiAeTc~ 6erarb Me>KAy nocrpoL71KaMlll , l!ICnbiTbiBa~ Ha ce6e ace npenecr111 HenoroAbl. B nplllcrpoeHHYIO 6eCeAKY MO>KHO nerKO npoaeCTlll Heo6xoAl11Mble KOMMYHl!IKal..lllllll (caer, BOAa, renno), 111 rorAa Bbl Mo>Kere ycrpa111aarb nliiKHliiKlll a xonOAHOe apeM~ rOAa . .Qn~ nerKoL71 , oTKpbiTOL71 KOHCTPYKI..Illllll nyYwe ycrpol!ITb cron6YaTbll71 cpyHAaMeHr. Ecn111 >Ke nnaHl!lpyerc~ B03BeAeHl!le MaCCl!IBHOL71 6eCeAKlll 1113 Klllpnl!IYa lllnlll 6pyca , TO He06XOAl!IMO 3anl!ITb A06porHbll7! neHTOYHbll71 cpyHAaMeHr, raK Ka K Harpy3Ka Ha Hero 6yAeT 6onbWe. nocne BblnonHeHlll~ rliiAPOlii30n~l..lliiOHHbiX pa6or, Yepe3 3-4 HeAenl!l , MO>Kere np111crynarb K AanbHeL71weMy CTpOl!ITenbCTBy. nplll Bbi60pe CTpOl!ITenbHOfO Mareplllana An~ 6eCeAKlll nyYWe Opl!leHTlllpOBaTbC~ Ha TO, 1113 Yero BbmonHeHa OCHOBHa~ nocrpo171Ka. To ecrb, ecn111 AOM nocrpoeH 1113 Klllpnl!IYa 111nlll 6pyca, ro 111 npl!lcrpo171Ky BbtnonH~eM 1113 raKoro >Ke Marep111ana . Ecn111 no npoeKry npeAycMorpeHa npocra~ 6eceAKa B BliiAe reppacbl , ycraHaBnlllaaeM onopHble cron6bl An~ Kpb1Wlll. npocreHKlll Me>KAy HliiMlll MO>KHO 3aKpbiTb KOBaHbiMl/1 a>KypHbiMl/1 peweTKaMl/1 , BbiCTpOliiTb cnnOWHble lllnlll pewerYaTble nonycreHKlll He6onbwo171 BbiCOTbl. .Qn~ 3aKpb1TOL7! 6eCeAKlll He06XOAl!IMO BblnonHliiTb ABe pH ble 111 OKOH Hble npoeMbl. KoHCTPYKI..\111~ KpbiWl/1 MO>KeT 6b1Tb CaMOL7! pa3H006pa3HOL7! OAHOCKaTHa~ ,

Kynonoo6pa3Ha~ ,

MHOrO~pyc­

Ha~.

3AeCb BCe 3aBl!ICl!IT OT Bawel7! cpaHTa3llllll .

Crpon111na MO>KHO BbmonHliiTb 1113 AOCOK l!lnl!l Merannl!IYeCKliiX rpy6 .

B KaYecrae Kpoanl!l l11Cnonb3yerc~ Wlllcpep, pa3nliiYHble BliiAbl Yepenllll..lbl , nonl!IKap6oHar. Koaanea Onea, 2. Sop

Oco6eHHOCTH 6eceAKH H3 MeTaMa

qeM- y«pacumb 6eced«y?

KaK sapHaHT MO>KHO paccMaTpHsaTb yKpaweHHe 6eceAKH M03aHKOH. ,Qn~ 3TOro cneAyer KynliiTb rOTOBbll71 Ha6op B Mara3l11He n1116o Ha6parb Marep111an 1113 nOAPYYHbiX cpeACTB (paKyWKl/1 , 6l!ITble CTeKnbiWKlll, 6111cep) Ill l..leMeHTHbll7!

Knel71 . Pa6oYyta noaepxHOCTb cr eHbl lllnlll Me6en111 HY>KHO OYliiCTliiTb Ill nOAWnlllcpOBaTb, a Al!l3a171H M03al!IKlll HaAO npOAYMaTb 3apaHee. nocne l!ICXOAHOL71 nOArOTOBKlll Heo6XOAIIIMO HaHeCTl/1 HeMHOrO Kne~ Ill no OAHOL7! WTYYKe BbiKnaAbiBaTb M03al!IKy. ,Qarb pa6ore BbiCOXHYTb 111 Hacn aAl!ITbC~ Kpacorol7! .

0'-leHb rapMOHH'"IHO H cse>Ko cMoTpfiTCfl creHbl c ~seTaMH. Mo>KHO yKpacl!ITb 6eceAKY BbiOLI..IliiMliiC~ pacreHl!I~Mlll HanOA06l!le XMen~, BliiHOrpaAa , BbiOHKa, >KliiMOnOCTl/1 , nntall..la , aKTliiHAllllll , rnllll..\liiHllllll , KneMaTl!lca 111 APYrlllx KpacaBllll..l 1113 aawero caAa. TaK>Ke ~BeTbt MO>KHO nocaAHTb a ropwo'"IKH r.1 nosecHTb nOA KpbtWellt 6eCeAKH. 3AeCb OAH03HaYHO HaAO BblpaCTliiTb neTyHl/110, BeAb OHa Bbl lllrpbiBaeT no BCeM n03llll..\lii~M . 3ro pacreHl!le liiMeer Anl!ITenbHbll1 nepl!IOA 1..\Bere H l!l ~ , MHO>Kecrao aapl!laHroa LIBera, He r pe6yer oco6eHHoro yxoAa .

A '"leM e1.1.1e MO>KHO yKpacHTb 6eceAKY Ha Aa'"le? Y sac ecrb crapble Kpecno-KaYanKa, nOAYWKlll 111 nneAbl? 111M raM caMoe Mecro . TaKl!le Bell..llll C03Aatar ytarHyta arMoccpepy, noMoratar OTAOXHYTb or AHeBHol1 cyeTbl 111 pa6or Ha reppl!lropllllll aawero caAa.

Merann npl!IBneKaer AOMoanaAenbl..leB npe>KAe acero reM , YTO Manble apxl!ITeKrypH ble cpopMbl 1113 Hero >KliiBYT cyll..lecraeHHO 6onee AOnrliiL71 cpoK. KpoMe roro, ecn111 roaopl!ITb o KOBaHbiX 6eceAKax, ro 3TO acerAa ell..le 111 oco6a~ aypa, HanonH~IOLI..Ia~ CaAOBYIO aTMOCcpepy apOMaTOM CTllln~ MOAepH Ill apl!ICTOKpaTl!I3MOM KnaCCl!IKl/1.

8 OTnliiYllle OT AepeB~HHbiX 6eCeAOK, y KOBaHbiX 6eCeAOK nOYTlll BCerAa eCTb cpyHAaMeHT, He06XOAliiMbll7! npe>KAe acero An~ roro , YT06bl 3arny6l11Tb onopHble cro171Klll (KaK npaal!lno, 111x ycraHaBnlllaatar B 6eroH Ha rny6111Hy He MeHee 50 CM). ¢>YHAaMeHT nplll 3TOM Yall..le BCero AeKOplllpyiOT KaMHeM- OH Hal!l6onee rapMOHliiYHO COYeraerc~ C MerannoM .

K Yl!ICny M8Tannl!IYeCKliiX 6eCeAOK MO>KHO OTHeCTl/1 Ill 6eCeAKlll , BblnOnHeHHble 1113 rHyroi.1 CTanbHOi.1 nonOCbl lllnlll Merannonpocpl!ln~. 0Hlll , 6e3yCnOBHO, ycrynaiOT KOBaHbiM 6eceAKaM B OTHOWeHl/1111 AeKopaTl/IBHOCTl/1 , HO Ill CTO~ T

KaT<. 3tflU,Umumb dpesecuny cadOBblX I<.OHCmpyKI(UU? CaMbiM

He.QopontiM,

,QOilrOBe"'HbiM

3KOilOrlll"'ecKIII

MaTeplllallOM

AllSI

"'IIICTbiM

111

CTpOIIITellbCTBa

6ece,QoK 111 nepron SIBilSieTCSI .Qepeao. XaoMHble noPOAbl MeHbWe no,Qaep>KeHbi rHIIIeHIIIIO, 6onee npo"'Hbl 111 .Qonroae"'Hbl no cpaaHeHIIIIO c lliiiCTBeHHbiMIII BIII,QaMIII.

K HIIIM

OTHOCSITCSI ellb, COCHa, niiiXTa, Ke,Qp,

lliiiCTBeHHIII~a, nplll"'eM nocne.QHSISI Ha1116onee npe.Qno"'TIIITellbHa. TaK KaK .Qepeao SIBilSieTCSI nplllpOAHbiM MaTeplllallOM, 1113,Qell111SI 1113 Hero Hy>K,QaiOTCSI B ,QOnOilHIIITellbHOM 3aU4111Te OT KlliiiMaTIII"'eCKIIIX 803,QeMCTBIIIM , rHIIIIllll, BbiCOKIIIX TeMnepaTyp. ,QilSI 3TOrO Clly>KaT

pa311111"1Hble

aHTIIICenTIII"'eCKIIIe

npOniiiTKIII,

rpyHTOBKIII,IlaKIII,KpaCKIII. 3a~uma

om ;mueHUR

Am~ ~all!~Tbl AepessmHbiX KOHCTPYK~~~ oT ~3n~wHe~ sna>KHOCT~ ~cnollb3YIOT cne~~anbHble

snaro3all!~THbte KpacK~ ~ naK~.

KOTOpbte c noMOll!btO

06bi4HO~ K~CT~ HaHOCs:!TCs:! Ha noBepXHOCTb Aepe-

Ba. TaKas:! o6pa6oTKa He Tpe6yeT oco6btX yc~n~~. eA~HCTBeHHbl~ ee M~HYC - He06XOA~MO peryns:!pHoe

o6HosneH~e noKpbtT~H . 6onee rny6oKaH o6pa6oTKa Aepesa OT snar~ ~ rH~n~ npOBOA~TCs:l B cne~~anb­ HbiX aBTOKnaBaX. np~MeHeH~e BOAOOTTanK~BatOll!~X npon~TOK npoAnesaeT speMs:l cny>K6bt AepeBs:!HHbiX KOHCTPYK~~~ . noBbtwaeT ~x ycT0~4~BOCTb K Ae~­ CTB~tO OKpy>KatOll!e~ cpeAbl, 3all!~ll!aeT OT rH~eH~s:!.

3a~uma

om nneceHu u epeoumeneu

Ans:! 6opb6bt c rp~6KOBbiM~ 3a6onesaH~H­ M~ Apesec~Hbl

np~MeHHtOT

cne~~anbHbte

x~­

M~4ecK~e COCTaBbl C npOT~BOM~Kp06HbiM ~ cpyHr~­ ~~AHbiM Ae~CTB~eM . AHT~cem~K~ npenHTCTBYtOT pocTy ~ pa3B~T~IO rp~6KOBbiX KonoH~~. yH~4TO>KatOT n~4~HK~ HaceKOMbiX, pa3pywatOll!~X AepeBHHHbte KOHCTPYK~~~. Ecn~ AepeBs:!HHble 4aCT~ 6eceAK~ ~n~ nepronbt noKpbtTbl y4aCTKaM~ nneceH~ . ~x Heo6xoA~Mo Tll!aTenbHO YAan~Tb MeTann~4eCK~M wnaTeneM, 3aTeM HaHeCT~ aHT~CenT~K. np~ HaHeCeH~~ COCTaB Bn~TbiBaeTCs:! B APeBeC~HY Ha rny6~HY OKOilO 1 caHmMeTpa.

OcHOBHbte 3manbt o6pa6omKu CJpeeeCUHbl Ans:! 6onee nonHo~ 3all!~Tbl caAOBbiX KOHCTPYK~~~ ~3 Aepesa Heo6XOA~Mo no:nanHoe np~Me­ HeH~e x~M~4ecK~x npenapaTOB. CHa4ana HaHOCHT aHT~CenT~4eCK~~ ~ OrHe3all!~THbl~

COCTaB, 3aTeM, nosepxHOCTb noKpbtBatOT naKOM ~n~ KpacKo~. B 3TOM cny4ae Ka>KAbl~ 3all!~THbl~ cno~ npoH~KaeT B Apesec~HY Ha MaKc~ManbHYtO rny6~Hy. np~ >KenaH~~ .

C HacmynneHueM nema npaKmu'4ecKu Ka>KObiU '4enoeeK uoem >Kapum& wawn&t· KU, ucnonb3YR noiJpy'4Hbte Mamepuanbt, ecnu Hem MaHzana, '4mo o'4eH& Heyoo6Ho. noKynam& MaHzan 8 M8283UHe R8nRefflCR He 0'4eHb 8bi200HbiM 38HRfflUeM, OC06eHHO ecnu e&t xomume xopowuii u Ka'/ecmeeHHbtii, a He U3 moHKozo Memanna. Tozoa co3peeaem eonpoe, no'4eMy 6&t He coopyoum& M8H2an Ha OB'4e CSMOMy? ,Qils:!

Ha'-laila

CTp0111TeilbCTBa

He06XOA111MO

cpa3y onpeAeilii1Tb npaBII1IlbHOe MecTo Afls:l pacnoilo>KeHII1s:l MaHraila . OH AOil>KeH CTOs:!Tb TaK, '-IT06bl 6biilO YA06Ho nosapy 111 AbiM He IleTeil Ha y'-laCTOK coceAelil . ,Qailee HY>KHO no3a6oTII1TbCs:l 0 ¢YHAaMeHTe .

D~ ;;f ' .

I

~~

1

MaTepHanbl H HHCTpyMeHTbl: •

nonaTa

•

•

,QocKII1 Ails:! onany6KII1

•

ApMaTypbl

• ApMaTypHble 111Illl1 >Ke ceTKa

•

6eTOH

•

K111pn111'-1111 TepMocToliiKII1e

• npoBOilOKa nileHII1s:l •

Ails:!

yKpe-

L..leMeHT npo~eCC

•

necoK CTep>KH111

•

lt13secTb raweHas:~

•

YroilKII1 MeTaililll1'-leCK111e

•

MacTepoK

•

rll1nCOKapTOH

•

noAAOH 1113 MeTailila

pa60Tbl

ECilll1 sac 111HTepecyeT MaHrail, KOTOpbllil 6yAeT CTOs:!Tb

fOAaMII1, TO npOCTO He06XOA111MO 3aKI1aAbiBaTb Ails:! Hero cpyHAaMeHT, 111Ha'-le Bbl npocTo 3ps:!

noTeps:~eTe

speMs:~

111 AeHbrll1.

Pa3Mep ¢YHAaMeHTa Hanps:~MyiO 3aBII1CII1T OT ero 6YAYW.111X ra6apii1TOB . ,Qils:~ Ha'-laila poeTcs:l KOTilOBaH Ails:! caMoro ¢YHAaMeHTa. no ero

Kpas:~M ycTaHaBilii1BaeTcs:~ onaily6Ka, BHYTPII1 s:!Mbl no BCeMy nepii1MeTpy ycTaHaBilii1BaiOTCs:l apMaTypbl. Tenepb scs:~ :na KOHCTPYK4111s:l 3aIl111BaeTCs:l 6eTOHOM , nOCile '-!ero OCTaBils:leTCs:l BbiCbiXaTb AO nOilHOro 3aCTbiBaH111s:l HeAeilll1 Ha ABe. • KorAa

¢YHAaMeHT

OKOH'-IaTeilbHO

3a-

TsepAeil, MO>KHO np111CTynaTb K CTp0111TeilbCTBY MaHraila . Ecilll1 nocMoTpeTb Ha caMo CTp0111TeilbCTBO , TO CTaHOBII1TCs:l s:ICHO, '-ITO MO>KHO o6oli!TII1Cb 111 6e3 '-!epTe>Kelilll1 CXeM , noHaA06s:!TCs:l OHII1 TOilbKO Ails:! nOAC'-IeTa MaTep111aila. ,Qils:l npii16Il1113111TeilbHbiX nOAC'-IeTOB MO>KHO npOCTO pa3IlO>KII1Tb Kll1pnll1'-l B TOM B111Ae, B KOTOpOM OH AOil>KeH 6yAeT HaXOA111TbCs:l. TaKII1M o6pa30M, 6yAeT npii1MepHO BII1AHO, CKOilbKO noHaA06111TCs:l LteilbiX 111 CKOilbKO nOilOBII1HOK K111pnll1'-la 111 rAe 6YAYT HaXOAII1TbCs:! WBbl. He CTOII1T 3a6biBaTb, '-ITO Kll1pnll1'-l s:!Bils:leTCs:! MaTepll1ailOM, KOTOpblli! nornow.aeT Bilary, n03TOMY IlY'-IWe nOA Hero nOAf10>KII1Tb napy ciloes py6ep0111Aa 111Illl1 APYfYIO 11130ils:l411110. ,Qils:l Ha'-!aila pa60Tbl Tpe6yeTCs:! nOAroTOBII1Tb KnaAO'-IHbllil paCTBOp . ,Qils:! Hero HY>KHO CMeWaTb '-laCTb LteMeHTa C TpeMs:l '-laCTs:IMII1 neCKa 111 '-leTBepTbiO raweHOiil 1113BeCTII1. noily'-!aeTCs:l CMeTaH006pa3Has:l CMeCb, Ha KOTOpyiO BbiKilaAbiBaeTCs:l nOAfOTOBileHHble K111pnll1'-1111. Ba>KHO CileA111Tb 3a TeM, '-IT06bl npOCTpaHCTBO Me>KAy Kll1pn111'-laMII1 paBHOMepHO 3anOilHs:!Il0Cb paCTBOpOM . ,Qils:l IlY'-!Welil noCaAK111, Ka>KAbllil Kll1pnii1'-1111K np111CTYKII1BaeTCs:l MaCTepKOM.

B

waxMaTHOM nops:~,QKe. co sroporo ps:~,qa • peKoMeH,qyercs:~ L!ICnonb30BaTb rili!IHO-WaMOTHYIO CMecb, Koropas:~ 6onee repMoycroii1YL!1Ba. noHeMHOry KL!Ipni!IYL!I HaKila,QbiBaiOTCSl O,QL!IH Ha ,qpyrol/1, o6pa3ys:~ 6Y.QYLl.IL11111 HaYLIIHas:~

,O,anee 1!13 rl!lncoKaproHa Bblpe3al0rcs:~ wa6noHbl ,Qils:! TaK H83biB8eMOif1 apOYKL!I B MaHrane. nosepx wa6noHOB no>Karcs:~ ell.le 2 Ili!ICTa rl!lncoKaproHa B nonyosanbHol/1 cpopMe. nosepx HL!IX yKI1a,QbiBaercs:~ sepri!IKanbHO KL!Ipni!IY. CreHKL!I cseps:~10rcs:~ yposHeM 1!1 nO,QbiMaiOrcs:~ ell.le Ha 1-2 ps:~,qa, nosepx apKL!I no>KL!Ircs:~ rop1!130HranbHO ps:~,q KL!Ipni!IYel/1. 8 OCHOB8HL!IL!I no,Q >KapOBHIO yCT8H8Bili!IB810TCSl apMarypHble CTep>KHL!I Me>K,Qy CTeHK8ML!I , 1!1 Ha HL!IX yKI1a,Qb1BaeTCSl OCHOBaHL!Ie TOnKL!I (nO,Q,QOH 1!13 MeT8I1Ila).

• npl!l 3TOM B 06-

nocrynan B KaMepy ,qns:~

o6ecneYeHL!Is:~

npol..\ecca ropeHL!Is:J. Kor,qa y>Ke LIIMeercs:~ pOBHbll/1 KBa,QpaT 1!13 KL!Ipni!IYa 1!1 pacrsopa B BL!I,Qe CTOili!IKa, no 6oKaM BbiKI1a,Qb1Baercs:~ ell.le 3 ps:~,qa KL!Ipni!IYel/1 . Me>K,Qy BTOpbiM

,qep>Karenl!l peweTKL!I .

• WBbl MaHrana 1!1 KL!Ipni!IYL!I OTMbiBaiOTCs:l OT Ili!IWHero pacTBOpa. TaKoii MaHaan 6yoem HaoeJKeH u KpenoK, ezo yoo6Ho zamb a HeM yznu.

OcmaemcR Kynumb MRCO, Oocmamb pewemKy u 3aamb

Pa60'IHH

CTOJ\ AI\JI C8AOBOA8 fl106oMy caooeooy Heo6xoouMo xopowee pa6o'lee Mecmo. HanpuMep, nooxooRU(UU cmon. 3a HUM MOJKHO Mblmb caooey10 mapy, nepecaJKUBam& {4eem&l unu yxaJKueam& 3a paccaoou, a MOJKHO o6pa6am&leam& co6paHH&Iu ypoJKau unu 'lucmum& CaOOBble UHCmpyMeHmbl. nopou Ha y'laCmKe maKYIO cpyHKf4UIO e&monHRIOm cmap&le Me6en&Hble aapHumyp&l, ma6ypem1:.1. Ho MOJKHO caMoMy coenam& cpyHKf4UOHan&HYIO 30HY c HaeecoM U3 comoeoao nonuKap6oHama. BMecmo MOuKu MOJKHO nocmaeum& y pa6o'leu 30H&I o6&1'1HYIO 6o'IKY c Kp&IWKou, a eom K co3oaHuiO caMou KoHcmpyK{4uu cmoum noooumu ocHoeamen&Ho. Pa604ltllil CTOn MO>KHO C,QenaTb lt13 COCHOBOiil ,QOCKltl 30 X 150 CM, o6pa6oraHHolil cnel.lltlanbHOiil nponltiTKOiil ,Qn51 ,QepeBa. 06pewer• KY orpa>K.QeHltllil crolt!T c,qenarb lt13 T04HO raKolil >Ke .QOCKltl . TonbKO ee npe,QBap~t~renbHO Heo6xo,Qlt1MO pacnltlnlt!Tb B,QOnb nononaM .

Ha,q pa6o4elil noBepxHOCTbiO HY>KHO pa3MeCTlt1Tb Bepr~t~Kanb­ HYIO pewerKy, a Ha Hell! - Kp104Klt1 1t1 pa3nlt14Hble nonKltl. TaK no51Blt1TC51 MHOro CB060,QHOro MeCTa ,Qn51 Ca,QOBOrO lt1HBeHTap51 . Ha Hlti>KHelil nonKe 6y,qer y,qo6Ho cywlt!Tb Be,qpa, ra3bl 1t1 ropwKltl .

Kpali!He Ba>KHO He no,qroH51Tb BnnoTHYIO ,qpyr K ,qpyry .QOCKltl Ha pa6o4elil noBepxHOCTltl crona. Jlyywe nycrb raM ocraHyTc51 3a3opbl : OHltl n03BOn51T BO,Qe CTeKaTb BHlt13, a He CKannlt1BaTbC51 Ha ,QepeBe. TaKltiM Hecno>KHbiM cnoco6oM MO>KHO yBenlt14lt1Tb BpeM51 cny>K6bl Bawero HOBoro "noMOI..l.\Hlt!Ka".

Hy>KHO nOMHlt!Tb, 4TO y pa604elil 30Hbl Ca,QOBO,Qa BCer,Qa MHOro 3eMnlt1 . 111MeHHO n03TOMY Ba>KHO pa3MeCTlt1Tb ee 4YTb noo,qanb or Kpblnbl.la ltlnltl rnaBHolil ,qopo>KKltl . An51 nyYwero 30HltlpOBaHlt151 1t1 3al..l.\lt1Tbl or rp513lt1 BOKpyr CTOn Ca,QOBO,Qa MO>KHO o6nO>Klt1Tb KaMH51Mlt1. no,Q CTOnOM y,Q06HO pa3Mel..l.\aTb nnlt!TY lt13 MOHOnltiTHOrO 6eTOHa. A ecnltl BOKpyr Ha neCOK ynO>Klt!Tb KaMHltl, TO OHltl 6y,QyT BblnOnH51Tb ponb ,QpeHa>Ka lt1 "nporoH51Tb" BO,Qy. 0TBO,Q BO.Qbl B raKolil 30He Hy>KeH o6513arenbHO. Mo>KHO c,qenaTb ero no Tltlny cyxoro py4b51, 4T06bl He B03Hlt1Kano Bonpoca, Ky.Qa cn~t~Tb orpa6oraHHYIO BO.Qy. npo3pa4Hbllil non~t~Kap6oHaT, Bbl6paHHbllil ,Qn51 HaBeca, He ronbKO n03BOn51eT npO,QOn>KaTb pa6ory BO BpeM51 ,QO>K,Q51, HO lt1 COXpaH51eT ,Qn51 Ca,QOBO,Qa ,QOCTaT04HOe OCBel..l.\eHltle.

CupomuHa An~:.6uHa, a. Cy3oan&

OAKa AMI JfHCTJ yMeHTa Jf3 AepeBRHHOTO ROAAOHa IIIAeanbHO nOAXOAIIIT Afl51 xpaHeHIII51 He6onbworo caAOBoro IIIHCTpyMeHTa, nep4aTOK, neeK 111 ropwKos. CAenaTb 1113 Hero nonKy B AepeBeHCKOM CTiilfle 04eHb npOCTO. HaM noHaA06111TC51: ,qepeB51HHbllil no,o.qoH , n~t~na , rB03.Qlt1, MeKp104Klt1, pynerKa, KapaH,qaw, noM , MonoroK, wypynoBepr, wypynbl.

rann~t~YecKltle

npol.leCC pa60Tbl 111cnonb3Y51 noM, y,qan~t~re lt13 no,o.qoHa HeHy>KHble .QOCKltl .

111cnonb3ylilre lt!X ,Qn51 co3,QaHlt151 rpex nonoK. WypynoBepTOM npltiKPYTlt!Te CTOnbKO Kp104KOB, CKOnbKO BaM HY>KHO. noBecbTe roToByiO nonKy Ha HY>KHoe BaM Mecro.

KaK pa1o6pamb nodOOHbt, ne cJZoMaB doc«u npe.Qnono>t01M, y sac eCTb xopow111e naneTbtlll .Qa>Ke M.Qest "4TO-To 1113 HIIIX cMacTepii!Tb, HO ecTaeT eonpocKaK pa306paTb nOAAOHbl, He CflOMaB ,QOCKIII? nonpo6yeM ,QaTb HeCKOflbKO COBeTOB no 3TOMy nOBO,Qy ...

Ho npe>K.Qe ecero, XOTIIIM nonpocii!Tb eac, He neHMTecb, 111 npe.QnpMMMTe ace BOJMO>KHbte Mepbt npe,QocTopo>KHOCTIII - Ha.QeHbTe nep1.4aTKIII, Jall.IMTHbte 0"4KIII, Bbt6epii!Te no,QxO~Ll.lee YA06Hoe MecTo .Qnst pa36opKIII. Be.Qb Kor.Qa HeT onacHoCTIII c TpaeMaMM, 111 pa6oTaTb YA06Ho, 111 Ja.QaYa pewaeTcst ner-.e. r,Qe B3RTb nOAAOHbl

He ace noAAOHbl xopow111

XopOWL.1Jil nOAAOH AOCTaTb AOSOnbHO

,Qeno S TOM,

cnmKHO , Ho MO)J{HO. nocnpaw1-1saJIJTe s

YTO CaMOAenK!.1 Mbl 6yAeM !.1CnOnb30SaTb AJlSl «Ce6Sl

m06!.1MbiX» L.1 nyywe 6paTb nOAAOHbl, KOTOpble !.1CnOnb3YIOTCSl np~.-1

Mara3L.1Hax (oco6eHHO s Me6enbHbiX), Ha

nepeso3Ke rpy3os SHYTPL.-1 CTpaHbl OT npo!.13SOAL.1Tenft K Mara3!.1-

He6onbWL.1X CKnaAax, s APYrL.1x ToprosbJX

HaM, TaK CKa3aTb, OTeYeCTSeHHble L.1 3KOnOr!.1YeCKL.1 Y!.1CTble. He

TOYKaX, Ha CTpOJIJKaX - y HL.1X He TaK!.1e

peKOMeHAyeTCSl !.1CnOnb30SaTb nOAAOHbl, KOTOpble npL.1MeHSliOT npL.-1

6onbw!.1e o6beMbl ..., 3aHL.1MaTbCSl npo-

Me)I{AyHapOAHbiX nepes03KaX, OC06eHHO Ha CyAaX, T. K. TYT HeT H!.1-

Aa)J{eliJ 1.1n1.1 o6MeHOM HeCKOnbKL.1X noAAo-

KaKL.1X rapaHTL.1Jil, YTO Ha HL.1X He CTOSlnL.-1 L.1 He npon1.1san1.1 pa3nL.1YHble

Hos TaM, KaK npas1.1n0, He XOTSlT.

KaKMe IIIHCTpyMeHTbt .Qnst pa36opKIII Ha AOCKIII HaM noHa.Qo6stTcst? npe)I{Ae SCero , MOnOTOK - 06biYHblliJ L.1nL.1 COSMell.leHHblliJ C rS03AOAepOM nana, rS03AOAep, AOnOTO L.1nL.1 MOHTa)J{Ka 111AeanbHO ecn~.-1 s saweM pacnopft)J{eHL.-11.1 oKa)J{eTCSl 3neKTpOCTaMeCKa CO CTanbHbiM pe)J{yl1\L.1M ne3SL.1eM KoHeYHO )J{e, HY)J{Hbl nepYaTKL.-1 ..., 3al1\L.1THbJe OYKL.-1

HaYMHaeM pa36MpaTb 1. CaM&u1 npocmou, HO He uoean&H&tu cnoco6 onR pa360pKU noooOHOS Ha OOCKU - 3ffl0 pacnunum& ux. ,QnSl 3Toro YA06Ho L.1Cnonb3osaTb KOMnaKTHYIO n1.1ny, 3neKTpono63L.1K, pyYHYIO LI!.1PKYnSlpKy 1.1n1.1 HO)J{OSKy. KoHeYHO, sapL.1aHT Han!.1nL.1Tb MenKL.1X AOCOYeK nOAOJiJAeT He SCeM, Aa L.1 3aAaYa y HaC CTOL.1T «He CnOMaTb AOCOK» , n03TOMY nepeXOA!.1M K cneAYIOLl\eMy nyHKTy.

2.

Pa6oma no cmapuHKe. Bbl MO)J{eTe L.1Cnonb3osaTb

MOnOTOK L.1 AOnOTO, YT06bl pa3o6paTb nOAAOHbl Ha COCTaSnSliOL1\L.1e. 111cnOnb3yliiTe MOnOTOK L.1 AOnOTO, YT06bl nOAHSlTb AOCKL.-1 OT onop, 3aTeM OTr!.16aeM AOCKL.-1 Ha3aA, TaK YT06bl wnftnKL.-1 1.1n1.1 nposonoKa nOAHftnL.1cb HaA HL.1ML.1 , ..., y)J{e noTOM SbJTaCKL.1SaeM L.1X fS03AOAepOM. Bee 3SYYL-H KpaCL.1SO , HO TOT KTO npo6osan pa36L.1paTb nOAAOHbl, CKa)J{eT, YTO Ha npaKT!.1Ke see COSCeM He TaK. KaK npas1.1n0, rS03AL.1 L.1nL.1 CK06bl He XOTSlT nerKO SbiXOA!.1Tb L.-13 AOCKL.-1, n~-160, npL.1nOAHSlSWL.1Cb Aanbwe He L.1A¥T, o6pbiSaiOTCSl 1.1n1.1 noMaiOTCSl.

,Qeno

s TO

YTO AOCKa TOHKaSl, a 6pyCOK, S KOTOpOJIJ HaXOAL.1TCSl 60nbWaSl YaCTb rso3Aft, SbiCOKL.1Jil ..., Aep)J{L.1T ero KpenYe. Ecn~.-1 )J{e Mbl npL.1nO)J{L.1M ycL.1nL.1e, TO CKOpee AOCKa paCKOneTCSl 1.1n1.1 npopseTCSl wnSlnKolil, YeM rs03Ab SblliiAeT 1.13 onopbl. KpoMe TOro S naneTaX YaCTO L.1CnOnb3YIOT SL.1Tble rS03AL.1, SbiTal1\L.1Tb KOTOpble ellle TPYAHee. no3TOMY Mbl nepeXOAL.1M K cneAYIOLl\eMy OCHOSHOMY COSeTy.

3.

Hcnon&3yeM 3neKmpocmaMecKy. Ecn~.-1 y sac ecTb 3neKTpocTaMecKa c ne3sL.1eM no MeTanny, TO pa6oTa

nOJIJAeT ropa3AO nerYe.

Y

TaKOrO L.1HCTpyMeHTa TOHKOe L.1 AOCTaTOYHO AnL.1HHOe ne3SL.1e, KOTOpoe MO)J{HO nOACY-

HYTb noA AOCKY..., o6pe3aTb rs03AL.1. ,Qnft 3Toro KaK..., s npownoM sap!.1aHTe HaM HY)J{HO YYTb npL.1nOAHftTb AOCKY AOnoTOM , HeMHoro, TOnbKO YT06bl nerYe sowno ne3SL.1e cTaMeCK!.1. 3aTeM SKniOYL.1Tb annapaT ..., nepenL.1n!.1Tb onopHble rs03A!.1.

A Aanbwe- Aeno TeXHL.1K!.1

..., sKyca. WnSlnKL.-1 MO)J{HO nerKo Sbi6L.1Tb nl06biM nOAXOAftl1\L.1M no pa3-

Mepy npo6oliiHL.1KOM , n~.-160 Aa)J{e ocTas!.1Tb 1.1x Ha MecTe . KcTaTL.-1 , ellle OAHOJIJ sapL.1a1...11-1elil 3Toro cnoco6a SlsnSleTCSl L.1cnonb3osaH!.1e ca6enbHOJIJ nL.1nbl c nonoTHOM no MeTanny.

KaK DOCTPOHTb A811

b

H

TJ8A8T: OCHOBHbl8 MOM8HTbl nepeoe 30aHUe, KOmopoe OOnJKHO 803800UfflbC.R Ha y"'aCmKe, 8biOeneHHOM noo cmpoumen&cmeo Oa"'U, 3ffl0 - Oa"'HbiU myanem. CeaOOH.R, Koaoa ace 6on&wee pacnpocmpaHeHue npuo6pema10m 6uomyanem&t, caMooen&Hoe eao o6ycmpoiicmeo ympa1.1ueaem ceo10 aKmyan&Hocm&.

OiJHaKo, ecnu e&t pewunu cmpoum& myanem Ha oa1.1e mpaouL(UOHHbtM CnOC060M, iJenaiime 3ffl0 npa8UflbHO. nepe,Q Ha'-!ailOM B03Be,QeHII1s:l ,QaHHOrO 06beKTa onpe,Qei1111TeCb C MeCTOM ero pa3Mell.leHII1s:l. 0Ho ,QOil>KHO y,qosnersops:~rb cne,Qytal1.1111M ycnoBII1s:IM : • HaXO,Q111TbCS'I OT 111CTO'-IHII1KOB BO,QOCHa6>KeH111s:l (apTe3111aHCKII1X CKBa>KII1H , KOIlO,QI..\eB, BO,QOeMOB 111 T.,Q.) He 6Il111>Ke 30 M. IIICKI110'-IeHII1e COCTaBils:IIOT 61110TyaneTbl 111n111 ny,qp-Kilo3eTbl, r.e. re, KOHCTPYK1..1111s:l KoropbiX 111CKiltO'-Iaer nona,qaHII1e Bpe,QHbiX Bbi,QeileHII1~ B OKpy>KatOli.IYIO cpe,qy; pacnonaraTbCS'I c y1.1eroM npeo6na,qatall.lero HanpasneHII1s:l serpa (.Qils:l roro , '-IT06bl 3anax111 co cropOHbl ryanera He nopr111n111 B03.Qyx 111 He oMpa'-lai1111 saM >KII13Hb); 3,QaHII1e Tyanera He ,QOil>KHO B03BbiWailCS'I Ha,Q MeCTHbiM IlaH,QWacpTOM, npii1BileKas:l K ce6e 1113Ilii1WHee BHII1MaHII1e, HO 111 He ,QOil>KHO CTOS'ITb B HII13111He, '-IT06bl ,QO>K,QeBble 111 Tailble BO,Qbl He nO,QTani1111Bai1111 ero . 0npe,Qei1111BWII1Cb c MecroM ycraHoBK111, np111cryna~re K Bbl6opy r111na ryanera: 6111oryaner, ntacpT-Kil03eT, ny,qp-Kilo3eT. PaccMorp111re ,QBa cpaKTopa: ecn111 my6111Ha 3aneraHII1s:l BO,QOHOCHoro enos:~ Ha ,Qa'-IHOM y1.1acrKe 6onee 2,5M 111 111MeeTCS'I B03MO>KHOCTb nO,Qbe3,Qa acceHII13aTOpCKO~ MaWII1Hbl ,Qils:l 0'-1111CTKII1 Bblrpe6HO~ s:!Mbl, MO>KeTe o6ycrpaii1BaTb n106o~ r111n ryanera. B npoTII1BHOM cny1.1ae - 6111oryaner 111n111 ny,qp-Kilo3er.

C qero cJie,LJ;yeT HaqaTL Ha1.1111Ha~re

crpo111renbCTBO c o6ycrpo~crsa Bblrpe6Ho~ s:!Mbl. 0Ha MO>Ker 6b1Tb pa3Ilii1'-IHO~ cpopMbl : Kpymas:~ , rny6111Hy s:!Mbl ,qena~re '-~YTb MeHbWe 2-x Merpos. ,QHo 3aCblnbTe cnoeM necKa, csepxy Ha KOTOpbl~ yno>KII1Te ll.le6eHb. TOill1.1111Ha ,qpeHa>KHoro enos:~ ,QOil>KHa 6b1Tb 15-20cM. 3areM yKpen111re creHbl. ,Qns:~ aroro o6no>KII1Te 111x Kll1pnii1'-IOM. Mo>KHO raK>Ke c,qenaTb ,qepeBS'IHHble, npon111raHHble aHT111cenTII1KOM l1.1111Tbl, 06111Tb 111X CeTKO~ 111 3aWTyKaTyp111Tb, a MO>KHO 111CnOilb30BaTb rOTOBble 6eTOHHble KOilbl..la.

Ksa,qparHas:~ , nps:~MoyronbHas:l.

HncmpyKJ4UR no c6opy «3,QaHII1e» ryanera .Qils:l y,qo6crsa co6111pa~re ps:!,QOM c no,qrorosneHHbiM Bblrpe6oM. Ero OnTII1MailbHble pa3Mepb1: w111p111Ha 1,0-1,1 M; ,QI1111Ha 1,2-1 ,3 M; BbiCOTa 2,0-2,2 M. 1113 ,qepess:~HHoro 6pyca 100 x 100 MM c,qena~re ocHoBaHII1e ryanera , ero pa3Mepbl ,QOil>KHbl 6b1Tb Ha 50 CM ,QI1111HHee cpaKT111'-IeCKO~ W111pii1Hbl 111 ,QI1111Hbl ryanera. B ,QailbHe~weM , np111 ycraHOBKe ryanera, aro np111,qacr eMy 60ilbWYIO YCT0~'-1111BOCTb . 3aTeM C,Qena~Te li.III1Tbl 1113 6pyca 50 X 50 MM 111 o6pe3HO~ ,QOCKII1 ,Qils:l ,qsyx 6oKOBbiX 111 3a,QHe~ creHoK. K 3a,QHe~ creHKe C Hapy>KHO~ CTOpOHbl 3aKpenii1Te >Keno6, O,Q111H KOHel..l KOTOpOrO onyCTII1Te B Bblrpe6Hyl0 s:!My, a ,Qpyro~ nO,QH111MII1Te Ha,Q KpbiWe~ 111 3aKpO~Te K03blpbKOM. 3TO 6y,QeT BbiTS'I>KHas:l BeHT111Ils:ll..lll1s:l. Co6paHHOe OCHOBaHII1e ryanera (c nonoM 111 nocraMeHTOM c orsepcrll1eM B HeM) ycraHOBII1Te Ha npe,QBapii1TeilbHO nO,QrOTOBileHHYIO no,QyWKY 1113 ll.le6Hs:l 111 rii1,Qp011130Ils:ll..lll1111 TaKII1M o6pa30M, '-IT06bl OHO 6onee 49M Ha nOilOBII1HY 3aKpbiBailO Bblrpe6 .

Ha ycTaHOBileHHOe OCHOBaHII1e 3aKpem1Te 60KOBble 111 3a,QHIOIO CTeHKII1, Bnepe,Q111 COe,Q111HII1Te 60KOBble CTeHKII1 TpeMS'I 6pyCbs:IMII1 50 X 50 MM . 0,Q111H 6pyc 3aKpenii1Te Ha ypOBHe OCHOBaHII1s:l , BTOpO~ Ha BbiCOTe 6y,Qyll.le~ ,QBepll1, TpeTII1~ no,Q ,QOCKII1 o6peweTKII1 KpbiWII1. Ha paCCTOS'IHII11111 0 CM OT 60KOBbiX CTeHOK Me>K,Qy HII1>KHII1M 111 cpe,QH111M 6pycaMII1 ycraHOBII1Te 2 sepT111KailbHbiX 6pyca. B pe3yilbTare nony4111TCS'I ,qsepHo~ npoeM. Or,qenbHO c,qena~re ,qsepb 111 Hasew111sa~re ee Ha ,qsepHble nem111, KOTOpble npe,qsap111renbHO 3aKpenll1re Ha sepTII1KailbHOM 6pyce wypynaMII1 . 06ycrpo~re ryaner, .Qils:l 1.1ero nocrasbre 1113HYTPII1 3anop, cHapy>KII1 seprywKy Ha ,qsepb. HaKpo~re Kpblwe~ • .Qils:l Koropo~ no,qo~,qer n106o~ KposenbHbl~ Marep111an. BaroHKO~ o6we~re creHbl ryanera . Ty 1.1acrb Bblrpe6a , Koropas:~ BbiXO,QII1T 3a ra6apii1Tbl ryanera, HaKpo~re KpbiWKo~ . s Koropo~ c,qena~re OTBepCTII1e nO,Q WilaHr ac MaWII1Hbl , 111 TaK>Ke HaKpO~Te KpbiWKO~ . noKpaCbTe 111Illl1 06Il1111..1Y~Te , ryaneT rOTOB.

Co6a11uii i>oM «a« y«patuenue i>aopa Y

sac eCTb C06aKa , Ill Bbl O'feHb XOTelllll 6bl , 'fT06bl lleTOM OHa

MOrna >KIIITb B CBOeM C06CTBeHHOM XOpOWO o6ycTpOeHHOM AO· MIIIKe? TOrAa BaM npOCTO He06XOAIIIMO nocTpOIIITb A11H Hee 6yAKy. TorAa saw AOMaWHIIIH niiiTOMe'"' 6yAeT noiiiCTIIIHe c'faCTiliiiB, eeAb y Hero nOHBIIITCH CBOH C06CTBeHHbiH AOM, 1113 KOTOporo MO>KHO BbiHTIII Ha nporynKy B 1lto6oli1 MOMeHT, He npOCH y CBOIIIX X03HeB, 'fT06bl OTKpbllllll ABepb. TaK>Ke B 6yAKe co6aKe 6yAeT O'feHb YA06HO, nOTOMY 'fTO 1leTHelf1 HO'fbto B Helf1 He TaK >KapKO, KaK B AOMe.

CeroAHS'I Mbl nonpo6yeM B3rJls:IHYTb Ha co6a%10 6yAKY rna3aMI!1 KpeaTI!1BHOrO A1113ali! Hepa , CnOC06HOrO HaXOAI!1Tb HeCTaHAapTHble peWeHI!1s:l Ails:! COBepweHHO 06b1AeHHbiX Bew,eli! . no>Kallylil , caMbiM nonylls:!pHbiM MaTep1!1allOM Ails:! CTp01!1TellbCTBa co6a%1!1X anapTaMeHTOB C'-11!1TaeTcs:l AepeBo. CKOilOTI!1Tb KapKac 1!13 6pyca 111 o6wi!1Tb era AepeBS'IHHOiil BaroHKolil BnOilHe AOCTynHO Ka>KAOMy, KTO yMeeT Aep>KaTb B pyKaX HO>KOBKY 1!1 MOilOTOK, Apyroe AellO - C03AaTb li1HAI!1Bii1AYallbHbllil npoeKT, AOCTOii!Hblli! BOnllow,eHI!1s:l . ..,.

KaK BaM , K np1!1Mepy, Bap1!1aHT Aa4HOII! 6yAKI!1 co CMOTpo-

Bolil nlloW,aAKOiil Ails:! llOXMaTOro nli1TOMI..Ia? Omi!14Hbllil nyHKT Ha61l10AeH1!1s:l OKpeCTHbiX BllaAeHI!11i! 1!1 KOMcpOpTHOe MeCTO Ails:!

OTAbiXa! ..,.

Hy, a BllaAellbi..IY A06poTHoro AepeBS'IHHoro cpy6a npocTo

rpex He

1!13Bas:~Tb

Ails:! BepHoro Apyra 111 oxpaHHI!1Ka CTI!11lbHYIO KO-

nl!110 CBOero AOMOBilaAeHI!1s:l . Cpa3y Bli1AHO- KTO B AOMe X03s:lli1H, a KTO norylls:!Tb BbiWell . ..,.

Ha cpoHe KaMeHHoro 3a6opa 1!11lli1 noAnopHolil cTeHKI!1 6y-

AeT BeCbMa opraHI!14HO CMOTpeTbCS'I AOM1!1K Ails:! OB4apK1!1 1!13 aHallOri!14HOrO MaTep1!1alla. Cepbe3HOMY ncy - AOCTOiiiHoe no paHry >Kii11lbe! ..,.

Co6a4bs:l 6yAKa MO>KeT 6b1Tb He TOilbKO cpyHKI..\Ii10Hallb-

HbiM COOpy>KeHI!1eM, HO 1!1 Op1!1ri!1HallbHbiM yKpaweHI!1eM y4aCTKa. Eclll!1 BaM 3HaKOM TaKolil TepM1!1H , KaK «3e.rieHas:l KpbiWa» , 111 Bbl AaBHO XOTellli1 npOs:!Bii1Tb CBOI/1 TBOp4eCKI!1e CnOC06HOCTI!1 B HeCTaHAapTHOM 03elleHeH1!11!1 , HenpeMeHHO BOCnOilb3yli!TeCb CllY4aeM. Ails:~ 3Toro MO>KHO 1!1Cnollb30BaTb MOAYilbHble KOHTeliiHepbl C BbiCa>KeHHbiMI/1 B Hli1X Henp1!1BepeAilli1BbiMI!1 n04BOnOKpOBHbiMI!1 pacTeHI!1s:IMI!1 .

KaK onpeAeAHTb pa3Mep 6yAKH? Pa3Mepb1 6yAK111 3aBI!1Cs:IT OT pa3MepoB Bawelil co6aKI!1. no BHeWHI!1M ra6ap1!1TaM 6yAKI!1 Ails:! C06aK MO>KHO pa3Aelli!1Tb Ha Tp1!1 ycllOBHble rpynnbl : Ails:! MellKI!1X nopOA- pa3Mepbl 6yAK111 500x700 MM, BbiCOTa 600- 700 MM ; Ails:! cpeAHii1X nopOA - pa3Mepbl 6yAKI!1 800x1200 MM, BbiCOTa 800 MM ;\ Ails:! KpynHbiX nopOA- pa3Mepbi6YAKI!11000x1400 MM, BbiCOTa 950- 1000 MM W1!1pli1HY lla3a MO>KHO onpeAell1!1Tb , 1!13Mep1!1B w1!1pli1HY rpyA111 co6aKI!1 111 np1116aB111B 5-8 CM. MaTep1!1allbl Ails:! 6yAK1!1 HY>KHO noAo6paTb HaTypallbHble, xopowero Ka4eCTBa. Ails:! o6bi4Holil co6a4beli! 6yAKI!1 noAOiiiAYT AOCKI!1 TOilW,Ii1HOiil He MeHee 25 MM (4T06bl 6yAKa 6bl11a Tenllolil) 1!1 6pyCKI!1 Ce4eHI!1eM 50x50 1!11ll!140x40 MM.

CKaMeiiKa cocmoum u3 wecmu ceKt(uii, Komopbte 06X88fflb/8810m oepeao. l./mo6bt nony'IUfflb CK8MeiiKY 80KPY2 oepeaa uoeanbHO pOSHOU, ceKt(UU 00fl)I(Hbl 6btmb coenaHbt noo yanoM 30 apaoycoa. /],nuHa ceKt(UU onpeoenRemcR no monLt(uHe oepeaa.

Ha posHoiil nnocKocn1 pacKnaAblsaeM 3apaHee 3aroTOsneHHble AOCKII1. Me>KAy AOC K8M111 ycTaHaBnll1saeM npOKn8AK111 npii1MepHO 8

1

CM TOnLL1111 HOii1, 4T06bl nocne

C60pKII1 CK8Meii1KII1 OCT8nii1Cb ll.len 111. n o nepsoiil BHyTpeHHeii! AOCKe , H8 KOTOpOiil HY>KHO CAenaTb Cnll1nbl nOA yrnoM

30

rp8AYCOB , pa3Mei.JaeM BCe OCTanbHble .

8

K8)f{,AOM

cneAYIOll.leM Kpyry AOCKII1 6YAYT An111H Hee , YeM B npeAbiAYll.leM. ,[l.enaeM HO>KKII1 Anfl CK8Meii1KII1 , 8 WeCTII1 COeAII1HeHII1s:IX. Ho>t<KII1 1113roTasnii1BaiOTCfl 1113 ABYX cToeK. ,D.n111Ha Bbl6111paeTCfl no >t<enaHII110 . nepeKnaA111Ha, KOTopas:~ coeA111HfleT HO>KKII1, AOn>t<Ha 6b1Tb TaKoiil An111Hbl , KaK w111p111Ha sceiil cKaMeii1KII1 . roTOBble HO>KK111 YCT8HOBII1Te BepT111K8nbHO 111 H81.JH111Te C06111p8Tb CeK1.1111111 CK8Meii1KII1, CKpennflfl 111X C HO>KK8MII1 . C6opKa AenaeTCfl no3TanHo 1113 ABYX nonosii1HOK, KOTOpble COCTOs:IT 1113 Tpex CeK1.1111ii1 , T8K K8K snocneACTBII1111 Mbl AOn>KHbl ABe nonoBII1HK111 , ycTaHOBII1Tb soKpyr Aepesa.

YcTaHOBII1Te ABe nonosii1HKII1 cKaMeii1KII1 soKpyr Aepesa 111 coeA111HII1Te 111x. 3aKpenii1Te HO>KK111 s 3eMne Anfl nyl.lWeiil yCTOiilllii1BOCTII1 CK8Meii1KII1 .

YT06bl npii1A8Tb cKaMeiiiKe 6onee 3cTeTII14Hbliil BII1A , C BHyTpeHHeiil CTOpOHbl yCT8H8Bnii1B8eM o6paMneHII1e , 38Kpenii1B AOCK111 CHII13Y CaMope38MII1. TaK >Ke MO>KHO o6paMII1Tb 111 Hll13 cKaMeii1KII1 , ycTaHOBII1B roTOBble AOCKII1 no Kpyry.

KaKCAeAaTb HaKon eAb v AO>KA8BOH Abl HaKonumenb oo>Koeeou BOOb/ - 3mo omnu'IHblii cnoco6 ucnonb3oeaHUR co6paHHoii oo>Koeeou BOOb/ onR opoweHUR caoa, 2a30Ha unu Oa>Ke KOMHamHb/X pacmeHuii. ,llnR C030aHuR HaKonumenR Mbl 63Rnu nnacmuKoey10 6o'IKy, oocKu u eepeBKY- onR npuoaHUR OeKopamU6HOCfflU. nnacmUK06ble 60'IKU MO>KHO Kynumb HOBble, Ho enonHe caooRmcR u cmapble. rnaBHOe, 'lm06bl OHU He 6blnU OblpR6b/MU. Lfro6bl c,QenaTb KpaH , Mbl 6y,QeM 11CnOnb30BaTb ,Qn~ 3anonHeHI1~ neHKI1 11n11 np11coe.Q11HeH11~ ca,Qosoro wnaHra , OTMepbTe 30 CM OT ,D,Ha 60'-IKI1. npocsepni1Te OTBepCTI1e C nOMO~biO 1-,QIO~MOBOro csepna (orsepcr11e 6y.Qer .Q11aMerpoM npi1MepHO 30 MM) . np11 He06XO,Q11MOCTI1 11CnOnb3Y~Te HO}I(, '-ITO- - - 6bl o6pe3aTb 113ni1WKI1 nnacr11Ka .

KOTOpbl~

3arepMeTI1311py~re

Cl1ni1KOHOBbiM repMeTI1KOM scrasbre narpy6oK. tJ,o6asneHI1e cn11sa c nepexo,QH11KOM .Qn~ ca,Qosoro wnaHra no3son~er nonHOCTbiO OCYWI1Tb 60'-IKY no Mepe He06XO,Q11MOCT11 , a TaK}I(e OH MO}I(eT 6b1Tb 11Cnonb30BaH a Ka'-lecrse nocro~HHoro npi1KpenneHI1~ wnaHra. An~ :noro orMepbTe 5 eM or AHa 11 npocsepn11re 1-.QIO~Mo­ soe orsepcr11e Henocpe,D,crseHHO no,Q cn11soM . Bpe}l(bTe a 3/4-.QIOHMOBbllil (20 MM) Ca,QOBbiH wnaHr nepexo.QHI1K (o6pa6oraHre cl1ni1KOHOBbiM repMeTI1KOM) 11 npOT~­ HI1Te ero a orsepcr11e c noMO~biO pa3BO,QH0f0 KniO'-Ia. 8b16ep11re Mecro B.QOnb 3a,QHeH KPOMK11, r,Qe nepenonHeHI1e 6y,Qer Ha116onee y.Qo6HbiM, 113MepbTe 5 CM OT HI1}1(HeH '-!aCTI1 Kpb1WK11 11 npocsepn11re 1-.QIOHMOsoe orsepcr11e. CMa}l(bTe pe3b6oso~ nepexo,QH11K wnaHra Cl1ni1KOHOBbiM repMeTI1KOM 11 3aT~HI1Te rae'-IHbiM KniO'-IOM. Ha cne.QyiO~eM 3Tane saM norpe6yerc~ nOMO~HI1K. 06pa6oralilre c11n11KOHOM rp11

walil6bl 111 MecTa coe,QI!IHeHI!IH o6o111x w J'laHroo , nepexo,QHI!I-

C

KOB BHYTPI!I 6o4KI!1.

noMo-

Ll\biO pa3BO,QHOfO Kn104a 3aTHHI!1Te nepexo,QHI!IKI!I Tpy6bl Ha pe3b6y 111 ycTaHOBI!ITe a,QanTep WnaHra ,QnH >KeCTKOCTI!I C60pK1!1 C BHeWHelil CTOpOHbl. nosopa41!1BaliiTe , noKa oH He 6y,QeT TBep,QO 3aKpenneH, HO 6y,QbTe OCTOpO>KHbl, He 3aTHri!1BaliiTe , 4T06bl 1!136e>KaTb o6pa3osaHI!1H Tpell\I!IH. V1cnonb3YVITe

KapaH-

,Qaw , 4T06bl Hapl!lcosaTb nep- · neH,QI!IKynHpHble

ni!1HI!11!1

Ha

KpbiWKe l..ll!lni!IH,Qpa, nepece- : KaiOLl\l!leCH B l..leHTpe. V1cnonb3YiiiTe KpyrnyiO Haca.QKY ,QnH Bblpe3aHI!1H YeTblpex OTBepCTI!IVl ,QI!IaMeTpOM

3

,QIOVIMa Ka>K,Qoe , cocpe,Qo-

T04eHHbiX Ha Hapi!ICOBaHHbiX ni!1HI!151X 1!1 Ha paBHOM paCCT051HI!11!1 OT l..leHTpa 1!1 KpaH KpbiWTenepb c6opa

6o4Ka

,QO>K,Qesolil

BO,Qbl

, cpyHKL.II!IOHanbHa, HO BI!I,Q ee B CTI!Ine ,QepeBHHHOVl 604KI!1 c,~:~enaeT

saw

yyacToK ell\e

npl!lsneKaTenbHee .

Ha4HI!1Te

C ycTaHOBKI!I 604KI!1 Ha wnaK06nOKI!1 . 3aMepbTe BbiCOTY OT wnaKo6noKa ,QO KpaH 6o4KI!1 1!1 np1!16aBbTe 5 CM ell\e , 3aTeM 0Tnl!1ni!1Te

,QOCKI!I

He06XO,QI!1-

MOVl BbiCOTbl. 06no>KI!1Te CKaMI!I

,QnH

np1!1MepK1!1,

OT- '

MeTbTe MeCTa , r,Qe HaXO,QHTCH naTpy6K1!1, 3aTeM npocsepn111- ' Te B ,QOCKaX OTBepCTI!151 ,QnH 06pa6oTaliiTe snaroCTOVlKOCTb ,QpeseCI!IHbl. 06no>KI!1Te 6o4KY no,QroTosneHHbiMI!I

,QOCKaMI!I

1!1

3aKpeni!1Te sepesKolil 111 caMo- ~;;; pe3aMI!1.

YcTaHOBI!ITe wnaHrBO,QOCTOKa, np1!1Kpeni!1B erO K OTBepCTI!IIO B BepXHelil 4aCTI!1 604KI!1.

5o4Ka ,QnH c6opa BOVl BO,Qbl rOTOBa!

WnaAepa U3 de«opamuauozo 3a6oplluKa BepntKaJlbHble KOHCTPYKLIIIIIII cnoco6Hbl 6biCTpo 111 6eJ oco6oro TpyAa npeo6pa31!1Tb CaA. XOTIIITe, '4T06bl OHIII BblrJlHAeJll!l Opl!lri!IHaJlbHO, CAeJ1al1Te IIIX CBOIIIMIII pyKaMI!I. BepTI!IKaJlbHOe OJeJleHeHI!Ie AeJlaeT Oplilri!IHaJlbHbiM 1110601/t yl4aCTOK Ill K TOMy >Ke BIIIJyaJlbHO paCWI!IpHeT ero npocTpaHCTBo. ECTb y noA06HbiX KOHCTPYKLIIIIH 111 6onee YTIIIJli!ITapHoe Ha3Hal4eHI!Ie - MaCKI!IpOBKa HeCI!IMnaTI!Il4HbiX CaAOBbiX 06beKTOB Ill XO· 3HHCTBeHHbiX nOCTpoeK.

3eneHble m1aHbi-Bepxona3bl 6e3 TPYAa noKOpsn caMble Henpt.1cTynHble BbiCOTbl, HO nf..1Wb B TOM cnyYae, ecnf..1 Bbl cyMeeTe ,[1,8Tb f..1M ,D,OCTO~HYIO onopy. KoHeYHO, pa3Hoo6pa3Hble apKf..1, wnanepbl f. 1 nepronbl MO>KHO npt.1o6peCTf..1 B Ca,D,OBbiX l..leHTpaX, HO ropa3,D,O npt.1SHHee C,D,enaTb f..1X C06CTBeHHOpy4HO f..13 nO,D,C06HOf0 MaTept.1ana, KOTOpbl~ HaBepHSIKa Ha~,D,eTCSI y Ka>K,D,OfO pa4f..1TenbHoro ,D,a4Hf..1Ka . Ha 3TOT pa3 BaM noHa,D,o6HTCSI ceKl..lf..11f1 OT cTaporo ,D,eKopaTf..1BHOrO 3a6op4t.1Ka, KOTOpbl~ ,D,aBHO nblnf..1TCSI B capae. nopa no,D,apt.1Tb f..1M BTopyta >Kf..13Hb f. 1 BMecTe c TeM - npeo6pa3f..1Tb. ca.QOBble ,D,eKopal..llf1111 nta6f..1Moro ,D,aYHoro 1..1apcTBa. ,[J,JlH pa60Tbl BaM noHaA06111TCR:

Tplil ceKl..llf11f1 3a6op4f..1Ka ,Qnfl l..IBeTHf..1KOB, ABe ,D,epeBSIHHble pe~Kf..1 ,Qnf..1HO~ 3 M, cpaca,D,Hafl KpacKa cBeTno->KenToro l..IBeTa, Kf..1CTb ,

wypynbl , wypynoBepT, ManeHbKafl qmrypKa Bf..1,D,e 60>Kbe~ KOpOBKiil , nta6o~

BnarocTo~Kf..1~

Kne~ .

3Tanbl pa6oTbl

1.

BbiMO~Te

ceKl..llillf1 3a6op4t.1Ka f. 1 npo~.Qf..1Tecb no f..1X noBepxHOCTf..1 HaHeCf..1Te Ha 3aroTOBKf..1 cpacaAHYtO KpacKy, cHaYana a 3aTeM Ill BTOpO~ .

>KeCTKO~ w,eTKO~ .

O,D,f..1H

2.

cno~,

0KpaCbTe ,D,epeBSIHHble pe~Kf..1 3TO~ >Ke cpaca,D,HO~ KpaCKO~.

3.

Pacnono>Kf..1Te pe~Kf..1 napannenbHO .Qpyr .Qpyry 111 «npf..1MepbTe» K Hf..1M BbiCOXWiile nocne OKpaWf..1BaHf..1SI 3afOTOBKf..1 TaKf..1M o6pa30M , 4T06bl O,D,Ha f..13 ceKl..lf..1~ coe,Qf..1HHna o6e pe~Kf..1 .

4. Bbl6paB omlf1ManbHoe nono>KeHf..1e, 3aKpenlf1Te ceKl..lf..1f..1 wypynaMf..1.

5. LJT06bl nnaCTf..1K He TpecHyn , 3apaHee npo,D,ena~Te OTBepcTf..1fl B HY>KHbiX MecTax. 6.

ronoBKf..1

wy-

L.1,qelo1 ,D,IIH Ca,Qa MO>KHO npHMeHHTb Ha CTapblX Be1.14aX, KOTOpble B HHTe· pbepe BblrnH.QHT y>Ke He CTOJlb CTHJlbHO, HO nOCllY>I<HTb e1.14e MOryT. 0CO· 6eHHO, ec111o1 HX 06HOBio1Tb lo1 HCnOJlb30BaTb B He06bi~HOM MeCTe. TaK, KOr· ,Qa B ,QOMe ,QeJlaeTCH peMOHT, CTapble ,QBepH Bb16paCbiBatoT pe,QKO. 4al.14e HX OTB03HT Ha

,Qa~y,

CKJla,QbiBatoT B capae &.111&.1 nO,QBaJle • B Ha,Qe>K,Qe,

~TO

npHrO,QHTCH.

Hepe.QKO TaKVIe ,QsepVI npespaw,ataTcs:~ s W,VITbl ,Qns:~ coopy>KeHVIS'I KaKVIX-nVI6o

Ufltl!flllli

KOHCTPYKLIVI~ . 11\VIT Vl3 ,QsepVI o6bi4HO o4eHb KCTaTVI,

ecnVI

coopy>KatOTcs:~:

napHVIK, TenllVIL.Ia, SbiCOKas:l rps:!,QKa, orpa>KAeHVIe, X03s:I~CTSeHHas:l

nOCTpO~-

neTHS'Is:l KYXHS'I, 6ece,QKa, Hasec, ca,Qosas:~ cKaMe~Ka, Ca,QOSbl~ CTOJl.

BapVIaHTbl :no~ VI.QeVI ,Qns:~ ca,Qa ew,e ecTb. Vl3 cTapbiX ,Qsepe~ MO>KHO c,QenaTb KanVITKVI VI sapoTa , apKVI, nepronbl VI npo4ee. B 3TOM cny4ae VI3,QSJ1VIS 6y,QeT SblnOJlHS'ITb CSOVI nps:!Mble QJYHKLIVIVI.

IIoi>aecHble aopoma

ApKu u nepzo!lbl

VIHTepecHble pa3.QSVI>KHble sapoTa nony4aiOTCS'I Vl3

,Qsyx

o6bl4HbiX

OTCllY>KVISWVIX CSOS

Ho caMo~ nonta6VIswe~cs:~ ,Qa4HVIKaMVI se-

y>Ke

W,biO .QJls:l ca,Qa, c,QenaHHO~ Vl3 cTapbiX ,Qse-

,QSS-

pe~. s:!Slls:ISTCS'I apKa VIJlVI neprona. npVIMepos

pe~. Ans:~ no,QsewVIsaHVIS'I

pa3JlVI4HbiX ee OQJOpMllSHVI~ - MHO>KSCTSO.

noHa,Qo6s:~Tcs:~

nonoTeH

A ,QononHVIS

paMa VI MexaHVI3M. Ho 3TO He

o6s:~3aTenbHO.

PaMy

.Qlls:l OT.Qblxa s ca,Qy.

MO>KHO COOpy.QVITb CaMOCTOS'ITSJlbHO,

a

SMSCTO

pa3,QSVI>KHOro MeXaHVI3Ma

KaK 3aW.HTHTb M8>KKOMHaTHbl8 AB8pH AMI HCDOAb30BaHHA Ha JAHQe

060~TVICb npOCTbiM npVI-

cnoco6neHVISM.

MeTan-

JlVI4ecKyiO WTaHry 3aKpenns:leM s paMe,

apKy 3a.QHe~ cTeHKo~. MO>KHO

nony4VITb 3aMe4aTenbHbl~ VI ytOTHbl~ yronoK

no,QsewVIsas:~

Ha Hee nonOTHa

Ha nemVI. TaKVIM >Ke o6pa30M MO>KHO C,QenaTb VI KallVITKy,

ecnVI

yKopoTVITb nonoTHa ,Qsepe~. npas.Qa,

Me>KKOMHaTHble ,QsepVI ,Qns:~ Vlcnonb3osaHVIS'I Ha ynVILie He

A ecnVI

s TaKOM cny4ae cpe3 HY>KHO 3aKpbiTb KaKo~­

npe.QHa3Ha4eHbl (3aW,VITa He Ta).

nVI6o

,QsepVI, ,Qa>Ke VI 3Ta 3aW,VITa, cKopee scero, y>Ke npVIwna s

nnaHKO~ - ,Qlls:l 3aW,VITbl ,QpeseCVIHbl OT

3aTeKaHVIS'I .QO>KAS'I. BopoTa .QOn>KHbl 6b1Tb ycT0~4VISbiMVI, a no-

3TO el,I.J,e VI cTapble

HerO,QHOCTb. no3TOMY npe>KAe 48M ycTaHaSJlVISaTb, no,QrOT8SJlVISaeM nonoTHa. BHa4ane ,Qo6pocosecTHO WKYPVIM,

noTHa ,Qsepe~ VIMeiOT sec npVIllVI4Hbl~, no-

noToM HaHOCVIM nponVITKY

3TOMY paMy ,Qlls:l HVIX 06s:!3aTSJlbHO Ha,Qe>KHO

s:~cb yKa3aHVISM «,Qlls:l Hapy>KHbiX pa60T>>. 06bi4HO TaKyiO

3aKpenns:~eM .

,Qns:~

.QpesecVIHbl, pyKOSO.QCTsy-

EcnVI ecTb npo4Hble 6oKOSble

nponVITKY H8HOCS'IT ,QSa-TpVI pa3a , OCTaSJls:ls:l npoMe>KyTKVI

KOHCTPYKLIVIVI, WTaHry MO>KHO npVIKpenVITb K

Ha SbiCbiXaHVIe cnoes. nocne nocne.QHero enos:~ cywVIM

HVIM, S VIHOM Clly4ae HVI>KHVIS CTO~KVI paMbl no-

no,Qonbwe. EcnVI XOTVIM noKpacVITb VlllVI naKVIposaTb ,Qse-

Ha,Q06VITCS'I He npOCTO SKOnaTb S 38MJ110, a 3a-

pVI-sopoTa, TaK>Ke Vlcnonb3yeM KpacKy/naK .Qlls:l Hapy>KHbiX

KpenVITb 6eTOHV1pOSaHVISM.

pa6oT.

Cyll.leCTayeT o~eHb MHoro cnoco 6oa CAeilaTb npOCTOH C3AOabiH ci>OHTaH. 111 OA111H 1113 C3MbiX npOCTbiX cnoco6oa CAenaTb ero a TeXHII1Ke ra6111oHa. T. e .

CAeilaTb Ky6 C nOAAOHOM 1113 CeTKII1 , aHyTpb noMeCTII1Tb Hacoc co wnaHroM 111 ace OCT3IlbHOe MeCTO a

CeT~aTO M

KY6e npoCTO 33Cbln3Tb K3MHSIMII1. no-

ny~II1TCSI Opll1rii1H3IlbHbiM 111 HeAOpOrOH <t>oHTaH.

A

ecn111 a caAy CAenaTb e ll.le

~TO·HII16YAb a 3TOM >Ke CTII1Ile- eMKOCTII1

nOA 1.1aeTbl, CKaMeMKY 11111111 CTOIIII1K • ace 3TO

rapMOHII1~HO

anii1WeTCst

a

Il3HA ·

wa<t>T aawero y~aCTKa 111 C03AaCT oco6biH CTII1Ilb.

npol.leCC pa60Tbl Hwo~ero cno>t<Horo B 1113roToeneHII1111 Ta-

Koro coopy>t<eHII1s:l HeT. AocTaT04Hbl He6onbWII1e HaBbiKII1 np111 pa6oTe c caMbiM ..... .

He06XO.Q~MbiM ~HCTpyMeHTOM .

CHa4ana noA6ep111Te HY>KHYIO eMKOCTb n oA o c HoBa HII1e cpoHTaHa.

3TO

MO>t<eT 6b1Tb nOAAOH 1113 Hep>t<aBeiO-

lJ..I9M CTanll1. noA paaMepbl eMKOCTII1 KonaeTcs:~ KomoeaH , e KOTOpbi M e e onycKaiOT. BblpaBHII1BaTb eMKOCTb HY>KHO no ypoBHIO, 4T06bl 11136e>t<aTb HepOBHOCT9M 111 nepeKOCOB , enocneA CTBII1111 KOTOpbiX ypOB9Hb BOAbl B nOAAOHe 6yAeT HepaBHOMepeH, 4TO MO>K9T C03AaTb TPYAHOCTII1 B pa60T9 HaCOCa , ecn111 K HeMy He 6yAeT nocTynaTb B AOCTaT04-

.Qanee 6epeTCH

KOHCTPYKL.1111H 1113 ceTKI!l . 8 Mara3111Hax npo-

A810TCH y>Ke roTOBble. Mo>KHO CAenaTb CBOI!1MI!1 pyKaMI!l 1!13 Ol..llllHKOBaHHOiil CeTKI/1 , Bblpe38Tb HY>KHble pa3Mepbl 111 CKpenl!lTb Me>KAy C060i/i nOJlOCK8MI!1 01..1111HKOB8HHOiil CT8Jll!1. nonyYaeTCs:! KpaCI!lBO 111 KpenKo. Ho 3TO y>Ke Ha eawe ycMoTpeHI!le .

CeTKa - 6awHs:~-ra61!10H ycTaHaenl!leaeTCH nocepeAI!lHe nOMOHa .

6epeTcfl norpy>KHolil BOAfiHOiil Hacoc, K KOTopoMy noACOeAI!lHfleTcH wnaHr, no Aflii1He paBHbllil BbiCOTe 6awHI!1. OH noMe~a­ eTCH B l..leHTp COopy>KeHI!ls:! 1113 CeTKI/1 , Ha nOMOH .

3aTeM yKnaAbiBaiOTCH KaMHI!l . 0HI!1 AOfl>KHbl 6b1Tb Ha

40%

25-

6onbwe HYeliiKI!l ra6111oHa, 4T06bl He BblnaAafll!l 111 He Teps:~ncs:~

Kp8CI!1Bbllil BillA. TaK K8K K8MHI!1 - AOCT8T04HO Ts:!>Keflbli/1 MaTepl!laJl, TO np111 yKnaAKe ero e 6awHIO , 4T06bl npoeonoYHYIO KOHCTPYKL.111110 He pacn111pano , cTaBHTCH nepeMb14KI!1 .

8epxywKa 6awHI!1 3aKpbiBaeTCfl ceoeo6pa3Holil KpbiWKOiil , TaK>Ke 1113 ceTKI!l. nnaCTI!lKOBbli/1 WJlaHr 06Kfl8AbiB8eTCs:! K8MHfiMI!1. ,Qo6aens:~eTcs:~ nnacTI!lKOBbllil KOHTeliiHep , noA pa3Mepbl

KOToporo e KpbiWKe ra61110Ha 3apaHee 6blfla Bblpe3aHo oTeepcTI!le.

Ero TO>Ke 06KJ18AbiB810T K8MHs:!MI!1 , T8K, 4T06bl OH He 6blfl Bl!lAeH. Ha6111paeM BOAY B nOMOH. np111 ycTaHOBKe 111 o6Kfl8AKe HaCOCa K8MHs:!MI!1 He 3a6yAbTe OCT8BI!1Tb MeCTO Afls:! o6cny>KI!1BaHI!1fl . AocTyn K HeMy AOfl>KeH 6b1Tb YA06HbiM 111 nonyYaeTe Ha

CBOeM

. yYacTKe l!lHTepecHoe 111 op1!1ri!1HaflbHoe coopy>KeHI!le .

8

KOHe4HOM

l!lTOre Bbl

A ecn111

T8KI!1X 1!13rOTOBI!1Tb HeCKOJlbKO, TO 3cpcpeKT 6yAeT npOCTO no-

Tps:!C810~111M!

CTpOHM WHPMY AI\JI KOMDOCT8 TaKaR WHpMa H3 nBX nnHTbl H BHHHnOBOM peweTKH 6yAeT HMeTb npHnH~HbiM BHA eU4e He MeHee 20 neT. CAenaTb ee He cocTaBHT oco6oro TPYAa. Pa3Mepb1 AaHHOM WHpMbl: AnHHa - 5,5 M, rny6HHa - 1,8 M. 3TH pa3Mepbl, ecTeCTBeHHO, He 3TanOH H B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT MacwTa6a sawero caAa H pa3Mepa caMOM KOMnOCTHOM KY~H HX MO>KHO MeHRTb.

1. B&IKonaiime RM&I onR onopH&IX cmon6uKoe nplt1Hs:!B peweHit1e, r,qe pacnonO>Kit1Tb Wlt1pMy ,qns:~ KOMnocra 111 KaKit1X pa3MepoB oHa ,qon>KHa 6b1Tb, nplt1Hit1Mali!TeCb 3a pa6oTy. nepBbiM ,QenOM BaM HY>KHO 6y,qer BbiKOnarb s:~Mbl ,Qit1aMe- - -· rpoM He MeHee 20 eM no,Q onopHble cron61t1Kit1 (pa3Mep KOTOpbiX 10 X 10 CM). rny61t1HY s:!M peKOMeH,QyeM ,QenaTb no MeHbWelil Mepe Ha 15 CM rny6>Ke ypOBHs:! npoMep3aHit1s:! rpyHra B BaweM per111oHe. YpoBeHb, 111n1t1 rny6111Ha , Ha KoropyiO npoMep3aer rpyHT 31t1Molil, MO>KHO yro~Hit1Tb B crpolt1renbHbiX HopMax 111 npaBit1nax ,qns:~ ,qaHHoro perlt1oHa. 2. 06pe)l(&me cmon6uKu no HY)I(HOMY pa3Mepy no,qKoppeKTit1pylilre ,Qnlt1HY cron61t1KOB . Hanplt1Mep, B ,qaHHOM cny~ae Ha y'lacrKe lt1Meercs:~ He6onbwolil yKnoH, HO nyTeM no,Q6opa ,Qnlt1Hbl onopHbiX CTOn61t1KOB lt1 BbiCOTbl CTeH 3aropO,QKit1 ,Qns:! KOMnOCTa 3cpcpeKT yKnOHa 6bln crna>KeH .

3. nopaeHRiime cmon6uKu Baw111 cron61t1Kit1 ,qon>KHbl cros:~Tb ~.JeTKO B ps:~,Q . Ans:~ roro , 'lT06bl 3TO npoBeplt1Tb, HaTs:!Hit1Te BepeBKY 111n111 nopaBHs:~lilre CTOn61t1Kit1 nplt1 nOMOW,It1 ,QOCKit1; y,QOCTOBepbTeCb, 'lTO BbiCOTa cron61t1KOB TaKas:~ , KaK BaM HY>KHa. 4. 3aKpenume cmon6uKu ~eMeHmoM Y,qocroBeplt1BWit1Cb, 'lTO nono>KeHit1e cron61t1KOB crporo BepTit1-· KanbHO, 3aKpenlt1Te lt1X np111 noMOW,It1 l..leMeHTHoro pacrBopa. K BaweMY cBe,qeHit110 : 3aKpenns:~Tb cron61t1Kit1 np111 noMOW,It1 lleMeHra Heo6xo,Qit1MO B perlt1oHax, r,qe 31t1MOIII reMneparypa onycKaercs:~ Hlt1>Ke Hyns:~, B perlt10HaX >Ke, r,Qe He 6biBaeT 3aMOp03KOB, ,QOCTaTO'lHO 6y,QeT nnOTHO yrpaM6oBaTb 3eMniO c ,qo6aBneHit1eM w,e6eHKit1 .

5. 3ac&maeM RM&I CnyCTs:! 24 I.Jaca , KOr,Qa l..leMeHT OKOH'laTenbHO 3aCTbiHeT, 3aCblnbTe OCTaBWit1eCs:! 3a30pbl 38Mneli! . nnoTHO yrpaM6yli!Te, 'lT06bl He OCTaBanOCb B03,QyWHbiX KapMaHOB. 6. KpenuM nnum&l Tenepb ,qeno 3a creHaMit1 Hawelil B ,qaHHOM npoeKTe, KaK Bbl Blt1,Qit1Te, n8X-nnlt1Tbl n031t11..11t10Hit1poBanlt1, Ha'llt1Has:~ CH1t13Y BBepx

â&#x20AC;¢

7. HanpaanRIOU(Ue omaepcmuR npol...leCC npii'ICOe,D,It1HeHit1s:l nBX nnlt1T MO>KHO o6ner41t1Tb, ecn1t1 npocsepnii'ITb s HIAX Hanpasns:IIOLl.llt1e orsepcrlt1s:~ nap, wypynbl. CoseryeM lt1cnonbaosarb p,ns:~ KpenneHIAS'I wypynbl 1!13 OI...IIAHKOBaHHoro, 1t1n1t1 ranbsaHit131t1posaHHoro Meranna.

8. CnpR'I~::>me Mecma KpenneHuii Tenepb, KOrAa ocHOBHas:~ pa6ora noaaAII'I, aali1MeMcs:~ AeKopoM. nepBbiM AenoM HaM HY>KHO cnps:!TaTb Mecra KpenneHit1111 nnii'IT 1t1 cron61t1KOB. ,Q.ns:~ 3Toro Mbl lt1cnonbayeM nnaHKIA TOnll\IAHOI/1 B 2.5 CM lt1 W1t1plt1HOI/1 B 10 CM. 3TII'1Mit1 nnaHKaMII'I Mbl aaKpoeM wns:~nKIA wypynos 11'1 o6paayeM npocrpaHCTBO Me>t<Ay nBX-nniATOI/1 1t1 ,D,eKopaTIABHOI/1 peWeTKOI/1 Hawero aarpa>t<AeHIAS'I. 9. CeMb pa3 omMep~::. u oouH pa3 ompeJKb! Meps:~eM Bblcory 6YAYLl.llt1X nnaHOK, HaHOCIAM Ha nnaHKIA nlt1Hit11t1, 4T06bl nony41t1Tb poBHbli/1 cpea, 1t1 orpeaaeM. 10. Bocnon~::>3yiimecb KneeM .Qns:~ KpenneHII'Is:l nnaHoK s 3TOM npoeKre Mbl lt1cnonbaosanll'1 Knei/1 AZEK. noKa Knei/1 6yp,er BbiCbiXaTb, aaKpenlt1re nnaHKY C-o6paaHoli1 crpy61...11t1HOII1.

11. npoaep~::.me omaecoM noKa Knei/1 ell.le He Bblcox, nposepbre, socnonbaosaswlt1cb orsecoM , sepTIAKanbHO n111 ycraHosneHa nnaHKa . Ha cpororpacplt11t1 Bbl Blt1,D,It1Te, 4TO noA C-o6paaHoli1 crpy61...1!1'1Holi1 nop,no>t<eHo crapoe nonoreHI...Ie. PeKoMeHp,yeM socnonbaosarbcs:~ 3TOII1 X1t1Tpocrbl0, rorAa Ha nnaHKe He OCTaHeTCS'I cneAOB OT CTpy61...11t1Hbl. 12. npuKpenume pewemKy Hy, a renepb caMoe nplt1s:!THOe- Kpenlt1M AeKoparlt1BHYIO pewerKy. PeweTKa Kpenlt1TCS'I K nnaHKaM , pa6ora C KOTOpbiMIA Onlt1CaHa B nyHKTaX 8-11 Hawei/1 lt1HCTPYKI...IIt11t1, npOI...IeCC KpenneHIAS'I peweTKIA nop,o6eH npOI...IeCcy KpenneHIAS'I rop!I'130HTanbHbiX nBX nnlt1T (CM. nyHKT 7). nnaCTIAHbl Blt1Hit1nOBOI/1 peweTKIA KaK Henb3s:l ny4We nOAXOAS'IT K nBX-nnlt1TaM lt1 II'IMeiOT TaKOI/1 >Ke O>KII'IAaeMbli/1 CpOK 3KCnnyaTal...llt11t1.

13. nocaiJume 8biOU(UeCR pacmeHUR Y OCHOBaHIAS'I nony4eHHOI/1 Wlt1pMbl MO>KHO nOCaAit1Tb BbiOLl.IIAeCS'I pacreHit1s:l . 0Hit1 ap111renbHO CMS'Ir4aT nps:~MoyronbHble yrnbl pewer-

HX

H HHA C8AOBbiX HHCTPYM

06&1'1HO caooa&le uHcmpyMeHm&l xpaHRm a aapa)l(ax u capaRx, HO c HacmynneHueM aeceHHe-nemHeao ce3oHa 'lacm& u3 HUX ucnon&3yemcR cmon& 'lacmo, 'lmo ao3HUKaem )l(enaHue uMem& nonam&l, aun&l, coaKu, apa6nu, mRnKu no6nu)l(e K Mecmy pa6om. npu 3mOM, KOHe'IHO, HUKmo He xo'lem npeapamum& caoii oaop a HeonpRmHyiO meppumopu10, K020a HY)I(H&Ie UHCmpyMeHm&l HapyWaiOm aKKypamH&IU auo y'laCmKa. npeonaaaeM HeCKOn&KO uoeu yoo6H020 xpaHeHUR He a YU4ep6 3CmemuKe omKp&lmoao npocmpaHcmaa.

Xpanenue nod Kpblllbl(OM wzu meppacou

IIJiocKuii Kopo6 ,nJIH Cne1..1111allbHO coopy>KeHHbllil

Kopo6

C OTKIIIAHOiil KpbiW-

Eclllll Kpblllbl..\0 llllllll Teppaca nplllnOAH~Tbl

HHCTpyMeHTOB

HaA yp08HeM 3eMlllll MIIIHIIIMYM Ha

Kalil

llllllll

8biA8111>K-

HbiMIII

nOllMeTpa, TO 8nOllHe MO>KHO 060PYA0-

llllllll

8

HeCKOllbKO

8aTb Ce30HHOe xpaHIIIlllllll.le CaA08biX

~pyco8

xpaHeHIII~

IIIHCTpyMeHT08 IIIMeHHO TaM, coopyA1118

C IIICnOllb308aHIIIeM

A8epKIII llllllll 8biA8111>KHble

060IIIX

8aplllaHT08

AOCTyna He

MO>KeT

npOCTO

CTaTb

MeCTOM CKllaAIIIP08aHIII~ ,

HO

TaK>Ke

8blnOllH~Tb

APYrllle

¢YHKL\111111,

Hanpiii-

Mep,

IIICnOllb30-

8aTbC~ KaK CaA08bllil CTOlliiiK llllllll lle>KaK, MeCTO AeTCKIIIX 111 r p llllllll

pa6ol.lllllil CTOll All~ 8blpall.llll8aHIII~ paccaAbl , noArOT08KIII YA06peHIIIIil K 8HeCeHIIIfO 8 rpyHT llllllll pa60Tbl C L\8eTO"lHbiMIII ropwKaMIII .

lPyHKl(UOHaJlbHblU OOe.JlUCK CaA08bllil o6elliiiCK MO>KeT CllY>KIIITb He TOllbKO All~ AeKopa-

illiilll!_.!!lll!liiiiiiliiliir:j;jjjla•!IIIIJiiiiiiilla•-•-•---• TIII8HOrO

yKpaWeHIII~ yl.laCTKa , HO Ill C08Mell.laTb CKYllbnTYPHYfO ¢opMy C nolle3HbiM AO-

nOllHIIITellbHbiM Ha3Ha"leHIII8M.

KOHCTPYKL\111~ CK80pel.lHIIIKa

Ha

npeo6pa3o8aHa

AOMIIIKaCTOiiiKe 8

clle-

AYfOll.leM npiiiMepe 8 KOMnaKTHbllil CKllaA All~ ceKaTOpa , C08Ka, CaA08biX HO>KHIIIL\,

nepl.laTOK,

6e-

"le8KIII All~ noA8~3KIII . TaKoe xpaHIIIlllllllle YA06Ho IIICnOllb308aTb Ill CaMOCTO~TellbHO ,

Ill 8 CO"leTaHIIIIII C

6ollee ra6apiiiTHbiMIII KOHCTPYKLIIII~MIII.

Xpanenue auympu cadoaou cKa.MbU COOPYA1118 CKaMbfO 8 8111Ae rnyxoro KOpo6a C OTKIIIAHOiil KpbiWKOiil, 8bl nOllY"liiiTe ellle OAHO AOCTynHOe MeCTO All~ IIIHCTpyMeHT08. PacnollaraTb TaKIIIe cKaMblll HY>KHO no6lliii>Ke K oropoAy, coKpall.la~ 8peM~ Ha XO)I{AeHIIIe 3a IIIHCTpyMeHTaMIII 8 capai/1.

KyAa noaecHTb KalleAH, ecAH HeT Aepeaa?

Ka'lenu - paoocmb u OnR oemeii, u OnR 63p0CflbiX. 0HU o6R3amenbHO coena10m omo~:.1x Ha oa'le eecenee. Ho Kyoa noeecum& Ka'lenu, ecnu Ha meppumopuu eaweii 30H&I omo~:.1xa Hem oepee~:oee? B&lxoo eceaoa ecm&!

TypHUK -

no>Kanylii, caMbllii none3Hbllii 1-13 BCeX B8pl-18HTOB. npl-1 ycnoBl-11-1 , YTO KaYenl-1 Kpemnc~ Ha CbeMHble peMH I-1 1-1n1-1 uen~-1 , B3pocnble B cBo6o.QHoe ' BpeM~ Moryr norpeHI-1pOB8Tb cn1-1Hy Ha rypH!-1Ke .

..

BueaaM

CaMbllii nepcneKTI-1BHbl lii Bap!-1aHT no.QBeWI-1BaHI-1~ KaYenelii, oco6eHHO B ce Mb~X c HeCKOnbKI-1M l-1 ,qerbMI-1 . HecKonbKO 6pycbeB MO>KHO nerKo npeBp8Tl-1Tb B nO.Q061-1e l-1H.QeliiCKOiii l-1 36bl. PeKOMeH.QyeM nO.QBeWI-1B8Tb TOHKI-1e .QOCOYKI-1, KOTOpble MO>KHO 6y.QeT nerKO y6paTb. Tor,qa onopy MO>KHO 6y.QeT B .QBa cYera npeBpaT!-1Tb B wanaw.

15anKa Ha aepaHde CaMbllii npocrolii Bap1-1aHT noBeCI-1Tb KaYen!-1, ecn1-1 HeT .QepeBa. TeM, KTO OCT8HOBI-1TC~ Ha 3TOiii CXeMe, peKoMeH.QyeM c,qenarb nnoll.la.Qb noca.QKI-1 6onbwe - y>t< oYeHb Benl-1K co6na3H noBan~TbC~ Ha raKI-1X KaYen~x Bcelii ceMbelii. AnbrepHaT!-1Ba- no,qBecHa~ KpoBaTb.

,qononHeHue doMuKa

onif

demcKoao

- Ecn1-1 Bbl Bb16panl-1 3TOT Bapl-1aHr, ro yYTI-1re, YTO raKI-1e KOHcr pyKUI-11-1 rpe6y10r ,qononHI-1TenbHOro yKpenneHI-1~ , npe>K.Qe YeM Bbl noBec1-1re nycrb ,qa>t<e nnacTI-1KOBble KaYenbKI-1 . Hy>t<HO noMHl-1Tb 1-1 0 TOM , "'TO 3TOT B8pl-18HT npe.QH83H8YeH .Qn~ .QeTI-1WeK BeCOM .QO 10 Kf. 80 MHOfO pa3 Ha.Qe>t<Hee Kpenl-1Tb peMHI-1 1-1 uenl-1 K KOHCTPYKUI-1~M 1-13 1...1enbHOro 6pyca.

Ko3n&I C6opHo-pa360pHbllii nelii .

Xopow P': r eM , YTO nocraBI-1Tb raKyiO KO HCTPYKUI-110 MO>KeT .Qa>Ke CTapweKnaCCHI-1K. rnaBHOe - H8KpenKO 38Q:>1-1KC1-1p0B8Tb o6e YaCTI-1 no BepxaM.

.,..lii...

-

/5ecedKa '

CaMbllii Kpac!-1 Bbllii Bapl-1aHr: 6y.QbTe yBepeHbl, coce.Ql-1 o6~ 3arenbHO Hanpoc~rc~ K BaM Ha ¢orocecc1-110. Ecn1-1 YBI-1Tb 6oKOBble cropOHbl nniOll.IOM , Bbl nonyYI-1Te np1-1~THYIO nonyr eHb.

P,poaHUK Ha oa'le, oco6eHHO ecnu opoaa ucnon&3yl0mCR OflR omonneHUR Oa'IU, He3aMeHUMaR ae~&. P,a u onR npuaomoaneHuR wawn&tKa aceaoa HYJKH&I cyxue opoaa. no3mOMY ceaOOHR paCCKaJKeM SaM, KaK coenam& Op06• HUK CBOUMU pyKaMU 6&tcmpo u Kpacuao.

B Ka'lecmae ucxooH&tx Mamepuanoa 6yoeM ucnon&3oaam& 6pyc 150 x 100 MM, OOCKY 150 X 50 MM u OOCKY 150 X 25 MM. Pa3Mep Hawe20 cmpoeHuR 6yoem 3050 x 1500 x 1850 MM, mo ecm& a Heao y6epemcR 8,5 Ky6. M. opoa.

3Tanbl pa6oTbl B nepsy~ o ye peAb 6JApaeM 60KOBble CTeHKIA . ,Qlls:i

HIA>f<He~

06BSl3KIA

6yAeT JACnOJlb30B8TbCSl AOCKa

150 x 50 .....l:lliioo......_ _ _ ......,._.......,......,.,..

MM . LJT06bl ee np!AKpe-

nJATb K CTO~K8M 150 X 100 MM , HY>KHO CAenaTb Bblpy6Ky.

KpenJATb OCHOBHble 3JleMeHTbl K8pKaca 6yAeM Ha 60J1Tbl. 06peweTK8

150 X 25

MM KpenJATCSl K CTO~KaM fBOJASlMIA IAJl!A Ha C8MOpe3bl.

CTpOnJAJla B KOJlJAYeCTBe

3

WTyK TaK>Ke 6YAYT IA3 AOCKIA

150 X 50

MM lA Kpens:ITCSl K CTO~KaM 60JlT8MIA .

nocne Toro KaK 6YAYT co6paHbl ABe 6oKOBble cTeHKJA, npJAcTynaeM K lAX ycTaHOBKe . B KaYecTse ¢YHAaMeHTa 6yAeM lr1cnollb30BaTb 6noKir1. Bcero noHaA06JATCSl

6

WTyK.

YcraHaBm1BaeM cpegHI!Ie CTO~KI!I 1!1 Ha6111BaeM 06peweTKY c3a,QI!1 . 06pewerKy HY>KHO 61!1Tb c waroM 1015 CM . noKpbiBaeM BCe gepeB51HHble KOHCTPYK1..11!11!1 aHTI!1ceml!14ecKo~ nponi!ITKO~.

Kpaci!IM gepeB51HHble KOHCTPYK1..11!11!1 KpacKo~ . Hanp111Mep 6eno~ . nocne B~C~XaHI!151 KpacKI!I genaeM o6pewerKy KpOBill!l 1!1 YKila,QbiBaeM KpOBeilbHbl~ Marep!~an , Hanp1!1Mep npocpHaCTI!IIl. ~ nocne,QHI!I~ aran pa6or - aro ycrpo~crso nona B ,QpOBHI!IKe. Ero Mbl 6ygeM genaTb 1!13 ,QOCKI!I 150x50 MM , npegsap111renbHO nporpyHrosas 111 noKpaci!IB KpacKo~ .

CaMapuH Muxaun, a.l5op

YA06Hy~ necoYHM~Y AflR pe6eHKa MO~Ho CAenaTb CBOMMM pyKaMM M3 AepeBRHHbiX AOCOK. npeMMYIJ.IeCTBa 3TOH neCOYHM~bl B TOM, YTO

OHa,

BO-nepBbiX,

33KpbiB3eTCR

M,

BO-

BTOpbiX, KpbiWKa y neCOYHM~bl npeo6pa3yeTCR s CMAeHbR, YTO oYeHb YA06Ho. PaJMep KOHcrpyK~MM

120x120 CM,

BbiCOTa

20

CM.

CH8'-18118 c,qen8~Te K8PK8C. AocKIII 38KpeniiiTe BIIIHT8Miil .

38Kpen111Te BIIIHT8Miil no ,QBe ,QOCKIII C K8>K,QO~ CTOpOHbl.

C,qen8t1Te CI!I,QeHbe,

K8K noK838HO H8

K8pTIIIHKe. KopoTKI!Ie nepeK118,QIIIHbl ,QOll>KHbl 6b1Tb H8 T8KOM p8CCTOs:!Hiillil OT Kp8s:!, '-IT06bl OHIII He MeW811111 CK118,QbiB8Tb CI!I,QeHbs:l. npi!IKpeni!ITe CI!I,QeHbs:l K KOHCTpyK~Iillil noMOll.lbiO neTellb.

C,qen8~Te cni!IHKY CI!I,QeHbs:l .

npi!IKpeni!ITe Cni!IHKY K KOHCTPYK~Iillil c noMOIJ.IbiO neTellb. np111Kpen111Te pyYKIII, '-IT06bl neco'-IHIII~Y 6blllO y,qo6Ho OTKpb1B8Tb 111 38KpbiB8Tb. roToByiO necoYHIII~Y orwn111cpy~re 111 noKp8CbTe.

Xomume cocmaaum& KOHKypeH~UIO aucpoHaM, KOMnbiOmepaM, nnaHWemaM U opy2UM OOCmUJKe• HURM ~uaunu3a~uu, Komop&te 3BHUMa10m ace cao6odHoe apeMR aemeu? Tozaa C030aume OnR HUX yaneKamen&H&tu Mup c Heo6&t'IHbtMU pa3ane'leHuRMU.

np1.1 coopy>KeHI-11.1 ropK1.1 J.1HOrAa np1.1XOAJ.1Tnpo~BJ.1Tb 1<1306perarenbHOCTb. Bar KaK MO>KHO J.1CnOnb30BaTb BbiCOKJ.11/1 neHb!

c~

ell.le J.1 MaCCa>K CTOn, J.1 TpeH1.1pOBKa 4YBCTB. CnopT1.1BHoe 6peBHO An~ 6anaHca MO>KeT 6bJTb Ha4anoM AOPO>KKJ.1. 8bJ61<1palllre cno>KHOCTb J.1 3aKOBblp1.1CTOCTb B 3aBJ.1CJ.1MOCTJ.1 or >KenaHJ.1~ 1.1 Hani.14J.1~ npocrpaH-

1113 nonOBJ.1HKJ.1 noKpbiWKJ.1, AepeB~HHOIIi -cKaMelliKJ.1 1.1 pyn~ or craporo senocJ.1neAa nony4aerc~ caMOAenbHa~ Ka4anKa.

Xopowa~ COCHa MO>KeT 3aMeHJ.1Tb cnopT1.1BHbJIII KOMnneKC An~ Aa4J.1, ecnl-1 nosecJ.1Tb Ha Hee KOnb4a 11n11 se-

-

peB04HYIO neCTHJ.14Y· 3TO y>Ke He npOCTO AOMJ.1K. 3TO J.1 wanaw, J.1 4blfaHCKa~ KJ.16J.1TKa, 1.1 ne4b, Koropa~ yKpoer or 3nbJX rycelll-ne6eAelli . 6peBHa -

TypHHK H

ero

BHAbl

Cnopr noMoraer noAAeP>KIIIBaTb xopowy10 cp11131114eCKYIO cpopMy 111 coxpaHs:!Tb 3AOPOBbe. IIIMeHHO nosroMy rypHIIIK cerOAHfl cran OAHIIIM 1113 C8MbiX nonyns:ipHbiX BIIIAOB cnopTIIIBHOro o6opyAOB8HIIIS'I , KOTOpbil/1 nerKo ycraHaBnlllsaercs:~ Ha ynllll.le 111 np111 3TOM He 38HIIIMaer MHoro Mecra. 06bi4Hblll1 r ypHIIIK npeACTasns:~er co6oll1 cnopTIIIBHbllll CH8Ps:IA, KOTOpbil/1 IIIMeeT OAHY 111n111 6onee (ABe, Tplll 111n111 A8>Ke l.feTblpe) nepet<naAIIIHbl. YcraHaBniiiB810TCS'I OHIII Ps:!AOM , HO Ha pa3Holl1 Bblcore. Tat<ol/1 MHoroyposHeBbllll rypHIIIK 6yAeT caMbiM nyYWIIIM B8piii8HTOM Ans:! 6onbWOII1 CeMblll , KOTOpas:! XOI.feT peryns:ipHO 38HIIIM8TbCS'I cnopTOM y ce6s:1 BO ABOpe. np111 3TOM BbiCOTa CTOeK AOn>KHa Bbl61!1parbcs:~ c yl.feTOM cpeAHero pocra Bcex YneHoB ceMblll .

Ilollb3a 3an.nmuii na mypnu«.e npeiiiMyw,ecTBa TYPHIIIKa 04eBIIIAHbl .

Aerlll, KOTOpble y4arcs:1 B WKone, o4eHb 4acro IIIMeiOT nnoxy10 ocaHKy, 4TO npiiiBOAIIIT K IIICKpiiiBneHIIIIO n03BOH04HIIIK8. Ynpa>KHeHIIIS'I Ha nepet<naAIIIHe nOMOryT IIICnpaBIIIJ"b 3TO nono>KeHI/Ie Ill yKpeni/ITb KOCTIII n03BOH04HIIIK8 , 4TO B 6yAyW,eM nonO>KIIITenbHO noBn111s:~er Ha o6w,ee caM04YBCTBIIIe pe6eHKa. 6naroAaps:~ pa3Hoo6pa3HbiM cpopMaM 111 pa3MepaM rypHIIIKa, AeTIII CMOryT He TOnbKO peryns:~pHO BblnOnHs:!Tb cplll31114eCKIIIe ynpa>KHeHIIIs:!, HO Ill Beceno npoBOAIIITb BpeMs:~ , lllrpas:~ APYr c ApyroM, noKa B3pocnble 6YAYT pa6oTaTb Ha oropOAe lllnlll B C8AY·

AnH ycTpOHCTBa rypHHKa BaM nOHaA06HTCH:

• >Kene3Hble Tpy6bl - A1118MeTp OT 100 MM Ill BbiCOTa OKOnO 3 M. Konlll4eCTBO rpy6 3aBIIICIIIT or KOHCTPYKl.\111111 6yAyw.ero rypHIIIKa. Ecn111 sro 6yAeT 06bll.fHblll1 n-o6pa3Hblll1 TYPHIIIK, TO He06XOAIIIMO B3s:ITb ABe rpy6bl Ans:i ycrpolllcrBa onopHbiX croeK. Tat<>Ke s Kal.fecrse onopbl MO>KHO IIICnonb30BaTb 111 Aepess:~HHble 6pycbs:~ c cel.feHIIIeM 100-120 MM .

• Tpy6a 1113 BbiCOKOnpo4HOII1 cran111 An111Holl11 ,5 M 111 AlllaMerpoM oKono 30-35 MM . 0Ha 6yAeT cny>KIIITb nepet<naAIIIHOI/1 .

• rpyHTOBKa CO cnel.ll48nbHbiM aHTl4KOpp03l4ii1HbiM COCTaBOM l4 KpaCKa Anfl Meranna .

• 6eroH Ans:i 3aKpenneHl4s:! B rpyHre onopHbiX croeK. PacrBop roTOBIIITCS'I l-13 l.leMeHTa l4 necKa B COOTHOWeHl-1111 1:3. Tat<>Ke He06XOAl4M KpynHbll/1 rpaBIIII/1 .

• Jlonara Ans:l BbiK8nbiB8Hl4s:! rny60KIIIX s:!M nOA CTOII!Kl-1 .

• Annapar Anfl cBapKl-1 (ecnt-1 HaAO 6yAeT npiiiBapiiiTb nepet<naAl-1Hy).

• CrpmnenbHbllll ypoBeHb. • KIIICTIII Ans:i nocneAyiOw,ero oKpawiiiBaHIIIS'I 111 rpyHTOBaHIIIS'I rpy6 n 111 111 AepeBS'IHHbiX 6pycbeB. npol..leCC pa60Tbl

Ans:~ Ha4ana Heo6XOAIIIMO BbiKOnaTb ABe s:IMbl rny6111Holll oKono 6080 eM noA onopHble cron6bl. OHIII AOn>KHbl 6b1Tb AOCTaT04HO rny6oKIIIMIII , 4T06bl o6ecne4111Tb Halll6onbWYIO ycroii14111BOCTb 111 HaAEht<HOCTb Bcel/1 KOHCTPYKl.\111111 . Paccros:~,HIIIe Me)f{,Qy onopaMIII coorBercrByer w111p111He nepeKnaAIIIHbl. 3areM HY>KHO BCTaBIIITb B BblpbiTble s:IMbl onopHble cron6bl , 38Cblnarb necKOM Ha 10-15 CM , nocne 4ero ero cneAyer yrpaM6oBaTb, a s:iMbl 3an111Tb AO Bepxa pacrBopoM . Ans:~ ny4well1 ycroii14111BOCTIII B 6eroH A06aBnf!IOT onpeAeneHHOe KOnlll4eCTBO KpynHOrO rpaBIIIS'I. Tat<>Ke BO BpeMS'I 6eTOHIIIpOB8HIIIs:! CTOn6bl AOn>KHbl CTOS'ITb CTporo BepT111K8nbHO, 3TO MO>KHO npOBepiiiTb 06bi4HbiM CTpOIIITenbHbiM ypOBHeM . npe)f{,Qe 4eM 38niiiB8Tb OCHOB8HIIIe 6eTOHOM , H8AO o6pa60T8Tb onopbl 8HTIIIKOpp031110HHbiM paCTBOpOM 111n111 r111APOIII30nlllpy10w,ell1 nponiiiTKOI/1 .

4epe3 HeCKOnbKO AHel/1, KOrAa l.leMeHT XOpOWO CXB8TIIITCs:!

Ill 38CTbiHeT, MO>KHO H84111H8Tb YCT8H8BniiiB8Tb nepeKn8AIIIHY K croii!KaM. Ans:~ sroro HY>KHO npiiiBapiiiTb Merannlll4ecKyiO rpy6y K onopaM 111n111 npiiiKPYTIIITb C nOMOW,biO cnel.llll8nbHbiX 6onTOB. Bo BTopoM cny4ae onopbl peKoMeHAyercs:~ cnniOCHYTb no 6oKaM, YA8PIIIB no HIIIM MonoTKOM. Ans:~ BepxHero 111n111 6oKoBoro t<penneHIIIS'I cranbHOIII nepet<naAIIIHbl K AepeBs:~HHbiM cron6aM lllcnonb3YIOTCS'I ronbKO 6onrbl (111n111 APYrllle MeTIII3bl). CaMbiM npo4HbiM C4111Taercs:~ BepxHIIIIA BaplllaHT KpenneHIIIs:!, Ans:! Koroporo 6epyrcs:~ AniiiHHble 6ombl.

OHIII 6YAYT HaCKB03b npoHIII3biBaTb nepet<naAIIIHY 111 BKPY4111- ..-~::·"""'""""'" BaTbCS'I B AepeBs:!HHbllll cron6. Ans:~ AOnonHIIITenbHOIII npo4HOCTIII nepet<n8AIIIHY H8AO 38cpiiiKCIIIpOB8Tb WlllpOKIIIMIII >Kene3HbiMIII XOMYT8MIII Ill CK068MIII .

noA83Hbl8 COB8Tbl

e

,D,eTCKI-1~ TYPHI-1K cooTseTCTBeHHO MeHb-

we, YeM 83pocnbl~. nepeKnaAI-1Ha AOn>KHa 6b1Tb MeTposo~. a BbiCOTa onopHbiX cTon6os - 1,5-1,6 M. Ta101<e AeTCKI-1~ TYPHI-1K peKoMeHAYeTcf! cHa6A11Tb cne1..111anbHO~ necTHI-11..1e~.

YT06bl pe6eHKY 6blno YA06Ho AOCTasaTb AO nepeKnaAI-1Hbl, a He nOAnpblri-1BaTb 11n11 AOT51ri-1BaTbC51 Ha HOCOYK8X. TypH11K MO)f{HO ocHaCTI-1Tb AOnonHI-1TenbHbiMI-1 pyYKaMI-1 Anfl pa3ni-1YHbiX xsaTos 80 speMf! 3aH51TI-1~ 1-1 He6onbWO~ Kpyrno~ OOACTaBKO~ Anfl HOr. 3TO He06XOA11MO Anfl AeTe~ ManeHbKoro pacTa, ecn~-1 B KOHCTPYKI..II-11-1 TypHI-1Ka He npeAycMoTpeHa cne1..111anbHafl necT-

8H8WH8H OTA8AKII nocne Taro KaK TYPHI-1K nonHOCTbiO ycTaHosneH, ero MO)f{HO pacKpaCI-1Tb. 3TO noKpbiTI-1e 6yAeT BblnOnHf!Tb AeKopaTlt1BHYIO cpyHKI..II-110 1-1 3all\11ll\aTb MeTann OT KOpp031111, a AepeBO - OT rp116Ka 1-1 speAHbiX HaCeKOMbiX. Mo)f{HO np11o6pecT11 s anreKe o6biYHbl~ pe311HOBbl~ )f{ryT 1-1 06MOTaTb 11M Tpy6y 8 TeX MeCTaX, rAe npOI-1CXOAI-1T 3aXBaT pyKaMI-1 .

PeKoMeHAYeTCfl noKpbiTb nepeKnaA11HY cne1..111anbHO~ HecKonb3flll\e~ KpacKo~.

Ecn~-1 ecTb B03MO)f{HOCTb, TO MO)f{HO Kyni-1Tb s cne1..111anbHOM Mara311He cnopTI-1BHbiX TOsapos MflrKI-1e HeonpeHOBble HeCKOnb3flll\11e HaKnaAKI-1 . OHI-1 6biBaiOT 1..111n11HAP11YecKo~ cpopMbl pa3ni-1YHbiX A11aMeTpOB 1-1 nerKO HaAeBaiOTCfl Ha nepeKnaAI-1Hbl pa3HbiX pa3Mepos.

ypnuK MeJICdy dBYMll depeBbRMU Ell\e npoll\e MO)f{HO nocTyni-1Tb, ecn~-1 Ha~TI-1 ABa Aepesa, CTOflll\11X HenoAaneKy APYr OT Apyra. TaKoti sapl-1aHT xopow Anfl AaYI-1 11n11 YaCTHoro AOMa. B TaKOM cnyYae sawa 3aAaYa CBOA11TC51 ni-1Wb K TOMy, YT06bl Ha~TI-1 KYCOK MeTanni-1YeCKOti Tpy6bl HY)f{HO~ An11Hbl 1-1 A11aMeTpa 1-1 np11Kpeni-1Tb ero. nerYe scero s AaHHOM cnyYae npocTo B611Tb ABe CK06bl B Aepesbfl.

Ecn~-1 AepeBbfl ycTo~YI-1Bble,

MO)f{HO B611Tb Ka)f{Aoe 1-13 HI-1X no OAHOMY MeTanni-1YecKoMy WTblpiO, nOTOM noCaAI-1Tb Ha HI-1X nepeKnaA11~Y 1-1 3aKpeni-1Tb see 3TO nposono-

1'0

Ba A YTO AenaTb, ecn~-1 BMecTo ABYX noAXOAflll\11X AepeBbeB eCTb TOnbKO OAHO? Mo)f{HO 11cnonb30BaTb ero s KaYeCTBe OAHO~ onopbl, TOrAa BaM np11AeTC51 CAenaTb sTopyiO caMOCTOf!TenbHO. B TaKOM cnyYae noAO~AeT

AepeBfiHHbl~

cron6, BKonaHHbl~ s 3eMniO. Kpeni-1Tb nepeKnaAI-1HY MO)f{HO TaKI-1M )f{e npocTbiM cnoco6oM: B611Tb OAHY CK06y s Aepeso , a ApyryiO - s cTon6 . ,[l,nfl yseni-1YeHI-1fl HaAe)f{HOCH1 KOHCTPYKI..II-11-1 MO)f{HO nepeA 3TI-1M CAenaTb OTBepCTI-151 8 MeTanni-1YeCKO~ Tpy6e lt1 xopoweHbKO npi-1611Tb ee K Aepesy.

KO~.

Tpy6y MO)f{HO rB03AfiMI-1 11n11 3aKpyri-1Tb caMope3aMI-1 .

r------

__

Ha 3aMeTKJ!

,. ...

~-~t~

_ .....!

CnopTI-1BHbl~

TYPHI-1K MO)f{HO 1AOnonHI-1Tb necTHI-11..1etl (sepTI-1KanbHO~ 11n11 ropi-130HTanbHO~), He6onbwotl 6oKcepcKo~ rpywe~. KOnbi..IOM Anfl 6acKeT6ona 11n11 ri-1MHaCTI-1YecKI-1X ynpa)f{HeHI-1~, KaHaTOM, 6pyCbf!MI-1 1-1 npo1YI-1MI-1 CHapf!AaMI-1, KOTOpble .He06XOA11Mbl saM 1-1 sawi-1M AeTf!M.

I I

L------..1

TenAHQa H3 ceTKH, DJ\8HKH H DJ\8CTHKOBbiX Tpy6 Ecm& MHO)I(ecmeo eapuaHmoe mozo, KaK coenam& mennuL(y. C 3moii L(en&IO MO)I(HO ucnon&3oeam& MH020 ecezo pa3Hozo, Ha'luHaR c MemannonpoKama u 3aKaH'IU6aR cmap&IMU OKOHH&IMU paMaMu. Boo6~e caMoe znaeHoe a Ka)l(ooii mennuL(e, KaK u a n106oM opyaoM cmpoeHUU, - 3ffl0 KapKaC, OflR C030aHUR KOmOp020 Hy)l(eH xomR 6&1 KaKoii-mo on&lm u ace Heo6xoouM&Ie uH-

1JJ.. npm13BOA1t1M He06XOAit1Mble 3aMepb1 lt1 pa3pe3aeM MeTannlt1YeCKYIO ceTKy. B pe3ynbTaTe AOmKHO nonyYit1TbC51 ABa KycKa MeTannlt1YecKo~ CeTKit1. nepBbl~ Mbl lt1CnOnb3yeM KaK Hlt1>KHIOIO YaCTb napHit1Ka, a sepxH5151 YaCTb cTaHeT Kpblwe~ 111 cTeHaMit1 Tennlt1YKit1 . An1t1HY sepxHe~ ceTKit1, KOTopa51 6yAeT cny>Kit1Tb sepxHe~ YaCTbiO Tennlt1L!bl, cneAyeT paccYit1TbiBaTb TaKit1M o6pa30M, YT06bl BHYTP1t1 napHit1Ka 6blno AOcTaTOYHO npOCTOpHO. nyYwe lt1CnOnb30BaTb 6onee nerKyiO lt1 TOHKYIO CeTKY An51 TOrO, YT06bl ee MO>KHO 6bln0 nerKO Crlt16aTb, L!eHa Ha Hee BnOnHe AOCTynHa. IJJ.. Cr1116aeM sepxHIOIO YaCTb ceTKit1, o6pa3y51 apoYHYIO nosepxHOCTb. BepxHIOIO 111 Hlt1>KHIOIO YaCTb ceTKit1 coeAit1H5110T Me>KAy co6o~ . MeTannlt1YecKo~ nposonoKo~ TaKit1M o6pa3oM , YT06bl nonyYit1nc51 TYHHenbHbl~ KapKac. 1JJ.. 3aAHIOIO lt1 nepeAHIOIO YaCTit1 KapKaca yclt1nlt1BaiOT C nOMOll.lbiO nnacTit1KOBbiX Tpy6. An51 aTOro Tpy6bl cr1116a10T, nOBTOp5151 ¢opMy sepxHe~ YaCTit1 KapKaca, 111 Kpen51T K HeMy MeTannlt1YecKo~ nposonoKO~. 3aTeM KOHL!bl Tpy6 yrny6n5110T B 3eMniO Ha rny61t1HY 30-50 CM An51 o6ecneYeHit151 ycTo~Yit1BOCTit1 KOHCTPYKL!It11t1.

IJJ.. 3aTeM nepeXOA51T K C03AaHit110 paMbl ABeplt1. An51 aTOro CKonaYit1BaiOT AepeB51HHble 6pycb51 HY>KHoro pa3Mepa 111 Kpen51T K KapKacy Tennlt1YKit1. GaMy ABepb TaK>Ke cKonaYit1BaiOT 1113 6pycbes 111 o6T5lrlt1BaiOT nneHKO~. K paMe oHa Kpenlt1TC51 c noMOll.lbiO ABepHbiX neTenb.

IJJ.. nocneAHit1M aTanoM 51Bn5leTC51 yKpbiBaHit1e KapKaca nonlt13Tit1neHoso~ nneHKO~. nocKonbKY MeTannlt1YecKa51 ceTKa, 1!13 KOTopo~ CAenaH KapKac, AenaeT ero AOCTaTOYHO npoYHbiM, B KaYecTBe sepxHero noKpb1Tit151 BnOnHe nOAO~AeT 06biYHa51, HeapM1t1pOBaHHa51 nneHKa. 1JJ.. noKpb1Tit1e paBHOMepHO Kpenlt1TC51 K nnaCTit1KOBbiM Tpy6aM lt1 K Hlt1>KHe~ YaCTit1 KapKaCa. no neplt1MeTpy ABepHoro npoeMa nneHKa 3aKpenn5leTc51 fB03A51Mit1.

KaK Blt1AHO, Tennlt1L!Y Ha AaYHOM yYaCTKe MO>KHO nerKO nOCTpOit1Tb Aa>Ke Henpo¢ecclt10Ha-

Kop6~:.1wee HuKonaii,

2. OMCK

Ans:~ pa6oTbl saM noHa,Q06iiiTCfl wecrb

3aCT9Kll9HHbiX

paM,

Q:lypHiiiTypa

Aflfl

KpenneHillfl CTBOpOK, OTBepTKa ill KpaCKa.

npH *ypHHTypbl

nOMOI!.IH COeAHHHTe

OKOH CBepxy H CHH3y.

•

noA06Hble KpenlleHH.R ycra-

HOBHTe Ha Bcex

~eTblpex

paMax,

~TO·

6bl nony~HilC.R JaMKHYTbU1 KY6.

•

CoeAHHHTe

BMecre

ABe

CTBOpKH H ycraHOBHTe Ha KY6 B BHAe KpbiWH. •

nony~eHHYto MHHH·TenllHLIY

YCT8HOBHTe Ha pOBHyto noBepXHOCTb •

PaJMeCTHTe

BHYTPH

KOH·

crpyKI.IHH rennonto6HBble pacreHH.R, KOTOpble Heo6XOAHMO yKpbiTb or Be· Tpa H XOI10A8.

OceHbto

rennilll..la

MO>Ker

cny>KiiiTb

B Biii,IJ,9 ,IJ,9KOpaTiiiBHOrO 3119M9HTa Aflfl o¢opMneHillfl

eawel1

,D,aYill.

nono>Killre

eoeHyrpb rennilll..lbl TtoK ceHa ill yKpacbre OC9HHIOIO KOMn03illl..liiiiO TbiKB8Mill, Ka6a'"IKaMill 1r1 ,D,pyrlr1Mir1 OC9HHir1Mir1 OBOL1.l8Mir1.

BaneHmuHa, e. HUJKHUii

3omoea

TenAHQa AMI paccaAbl Ecn1r1 nocne npownoro ,D,aYHoro ce3oHa y sac ocranocb ,IJ,OCT8TO'"IH09 KOI11r1'"19CTBO nnaCTir1KOBbiX 6yTblllOK, TO lr1X MO>KHO 1!1CnOilb30B8Tb B K8'"19CTB9 CTp01r1T911bHOrO M8Teplr1ana ,D,nfl oplr1rlr1HallbHOI1 Mlr1Hir1-rennlr1l..lbl Aflfl pacca,D,bl. nplr1'-leM 6yTbii1Kir1 MO>KHO pacKp81r1B8Tb, a MO>KHO C061r1p8Tb CT9Hbl lr13 l..lellbiX COCY,D,OB.

BHHOTPBAHBR

wnaAepa CBOJfMJf pyKBMJf Op,~H ~3 s~Horpap,HbiX

KYCTOS poe 6n~3KO Kp,oMy, Mewan xocap,a . BoT Mbl ~ pew~n~ cp,enaTb y cTeHbl sepT~KailbHYIO wnanepy, •no6bl pai...I~OHailbHO ~cnonb3osaTb npocTpaHcTso ~ co3,D,aTb xopow~e ycnos~s:~ p,ns:~ pacTa s~Horpa­ p,a.

KoHCTPYKLI~s:l cocTo~T ~3 MeTannw-leCK~X Tpy6, oKaHTosaHHbiX p,epess:~HHbiM~ 6pycKaM~. s ¢opMe Ksap,paTa. ,IJ,ns:~ c6opK~ ~c­ nonb3osan~ TaiOKe pei.1K~ , WTblp~ ~3 nposop,a nBX ~ CTailbHble A~Tb ~ nopT~Il s~p,

WnOHK~.

HaLtan~ co6~paTb

c H~)I{H~x 6pycKos ~ peeK. B ocHosaH~e p,syx oKaHTOSO'-!HbiX 6pycKos, ne)l{all\~X Ha 3eMne, SCTaS~Il~ no 2 WTblps:l , 3aS513aHHbiX SH~3Y Y3IlOM (LtT06bl He Sblnap,an~) . Ha H~X nepneH,D,~KYils:lpHO 6pycKaM HaH~3an~ npop,onbHO p,sa p,pyr~x oKaHTOSO'-!HbiX 6pycKa. Ps:~p,oM ycTaHos~n~ pei.1Ky. Coep,~H~Il~ nonepe'-!Hbli.1 6pycoK cTailbHoi.1 wnoHKoi.1 Ltepe3 oTsepcT~e s pei.1Ke ~ l...leHTpanbHOe oTsepcT~e s 6pycKe. nocne c6opK~ H~)I{­ Hero ps:~p,a s npoeMbl scTas~n~ Tpy6bl ~ 3a6~n~ s 3eMniO Ha 30 eM. no p,aHHOI.1 cxeMe co6pan~ secb KapKac. Wnanepbl cnoco6Hbl Sblp,ep)l{aTb 6onbwol.1 sec, ycToi.1Lt~Sbl ~ p,aiOT CTe6niO cso6op,y p,el.1cTs~l.1. npaKT~Ka noKa3ana, '-ITO Hap,o p,aTb so3MO)I{HOCTb cTe6niO p,opacT~ p,o sepxa wnanepbl , 3aTeM nepe6poc~Tb ero SH~3, 06KpyT~S H~)I{HIOIO pei.1Ky. ,IJ,Ils:l :nora SSepxy ,D,Oil)I{Ha 6b1Tb )l{eCTKas:l rop~30HTailbHa51 pei.1Ka. 3apunoaa ranuHa, z. EiicK

KaK DOCT8BHTb H Ecm1 Bbl TOflbKO '-ITO Kymtm1 .Qa'-!HbiM y'-taCTOK 111 Ha HeM noKa HeT 6aHI!I, He paccTpal!laaMTecb Jl paccKa~, KaK Ja KOPOTKIIIM cpoK opraHI!IJOBaTb apeMeHHYIO 6aHIO 1113 Toro, '-ITO ecTb no.Q pyKoM . noTpe6ytOTCJI: KycoK non~3T~neHosol.1 nneHK~ ~n~ 6pe3eHTa pa3MepOM np~MepHO 6 X 6 M, np~ nOMOLl\~ KOTOporo 6yp,eT co3,D,aHo napHoe OTp,eneH~e s s~p,e wanawa.

Mo)I{HO, KOHe'-IHO, S351Tb KycoK noMeHbWe, HO Torp,a ~ o6beMbl napHoi.1 6yp,yT MeHbWe. ,IJ,epess:~HHble )l{epp,~ . ~n~ apMaTypa , ~n~ Tpy6bl - see, ~3 Ltero MO)I{HO nocTpO~Tb KapKac sawel.1 nap~nK~ . Ha KOTOpbli.1 6yp,eT HaTs:~HyTa nneHKa ~n~ 6pe3eHT. ,IJ,n~Ha )l{epp,el.1 6yp,eT 3as~ceTb s nepsy10 OLtepep,b oT pa3Mepos 6pe3eHTa. MeTann~LteCK~e sep,pa (2 ~ 6onee ). ,IJ,posa.

KaMH~ cpep,H~x pa3Mepos. lllx MO)I{HO ~cnonb3osaTb s KaLtecTse TennoHOCLHens:~. nyLtwe scero nop,xop,~T peLtHas:~ KpynHas:~ ranbKa , ronbiW~ .

Xo.Q pa6oTbl: nepSbiM ,D,eilOM Hy)I{HO pa3)1{e'-tb KOCTep ~ He 3a6b1Tb ycTp01!1Tb ero TaK, '-IT06bl MO)I{HO 6b1Il0 HarpeTb Ha orHe sep,po so,D,bl. ,[l,pos He )l{anei.1Te: LtT06bl nonap111TbC51 OT p,yw~ . noTpe6yeTcs:~ MHoro )l{apa.

Korp,a KOCTep 6yp,eT nbiilaTb, 3ai.1M~Tecb nap~nKoi.1.

Ee ¢opMa 6yp,eT 3as111ceTb oT sawero Tpyp,on106111s:~

~~=.=.!=· n....... ~~. . ·•

W~i.1

saplitaHT - COCTaSI!tTb )l{ep,D,Iit WailaW~KOM (KaK y LtYKLtei.1 S '-IyMe). ECillit eCTb speMs:llit )l{eilaHI!te, TO MO)I{HO cp,enaTb 6onee CilO)I{HYIO KOHCTPYKI...IIitiO. YeTblpe )l{epp,111 noTOnll\e sKonai.1Te litillit s6ei.1Te no yrnaM Ksap,paTa. CKpen~Te 111x sepxHI!te KOHI...Ibl Me)I{,D,y co6ol.1 p,pyr~~tMI!t )l{epp,s:~M~ (~~tcnonb3Yi.1Te s KaLtecTse Kpene)l{a npOSOilOKy, rs03,D,Iit , CaMope3bl - '-ITO yrO,D,HO, IllitWb 6bl p,ep)l{anocb). Ecn111 eCTb ell\e )l{epp,~ . TO MO)I{HO yclitIllitTb KpbiWY lit CTeHbl, 3aKpenli1S 1-2 )l{epp,~Hbl no ,D,IitaroHaill!t.

HaTs:~HI!tTe 6pe3eHT litillit nneHKy. naplitnKa roTasa.

3a He~MeHI!teM KaMeHKI!t KaMH~ np~,D,eTCs:l rpeTb Ha KocTpe ~ 3aHoc~Tb ~x sHyTpb s )l{ene3HOM sep,pe. no Mepe litX OCTbiSaHI!ts:l npOI...Ie,D,ypy np~p,eTCs:l nOSTOps:ITb. CaMoe rnasHoe: co6n10p,ai.1Te TexH~KY 6e3onacHOCTI!1 .

33apaHee 3anaci!1Tecb sop,ol.1 s sep,pax ~ He ynoTpe6ns:~i.1Te cnl!tpTHbiX Hanl!tTKOS s npo1...1ecce nponap~sa­ Hiits:l.

C03A88M Kp8CHBYIO KAyM6y H3 KHPDH'I8 Ecm1 Bbl pa3o6pam1 CTapyiO ne~KY 1o1 y sac nOHBio1110Cb H9CKOilbKO COTeH «CB060,QHbiX»

Ke-

paMio1~9CKio1X Klo1pnlo1~eli'l, TO TOr,Qa BaM TO~HO HY>K·

HO no,QyMaTb 0 C03,QaHio11o1 B9CbMa lo1HTepeCHOii'l KilyM6bl.

,Qllfl pa60Tbl nOHa,Q06HTCH: KepaMli148CKllllil Kll1pnll14; L.18M8HT, neCOK, SO,D,a ; KOpbiTO , nonaTa ; MaCTepOK, KanpOHOSafl Hli1Tb , CTpOli1T8nbHbllil yposeHb. MOnOTOK. 3Tanbl pa6oTbl

1.

2.

,D,enaeM pa3MeTKy.

3.

BbiKanbiSaeM TpaHwelll no,o, cpyH,o,aMeHT rny-

BblpasHlllsaeM MecTo .

6li1Holil npli1M8pHO

4.

20 CM ll1 WlllplllHOiil S 15 CM .

3anll1saeM TpaHwelll 6eTOHOM ll1 >K,D,eM , noKa

OH OKpenHeT.

5.

>Klllsafl ll13ropo,o,b npll1o6peTaeT see 6onbWYfO no-

BbiKna,D,blsaeM nepsbllil sHeWHllllil pfl,o, , a no-

TOM ll1 sHyTpeHHllle pfi,D,bl.

6.

7.

8.

nynflpHOCTb. KpoMe Toro 4TO TaKafl ll13ropo,o,b Kpaclllsa, oHa ell.le xopowo 3all.lli1LllaeT y4aCTOK OT nblnlll ll1

Kna,o,eM STOpolil ll1 TpeTllllil p5'1,D,bl.

wyMa lll, KOH84HO, ,o,aeT npli15'1THYIO T8Hb ll1 KlllCnOpO,D,.

BbiKna,D,biSaeM MOHOnlllTHbllil CTOn6 .

TaKolil ll13ropo,o,ll1 MO>KHO nplll,D,aTb n106y10 cpopMy ll1

3acbmaeM

SbiCOTY nplll nOMOLl.llll CTplll>KKlll .

oTceKlll

KnyM6bl

nno,o,opo,D,HbiM

rpyHTOM ll1 SbiCa>KlllSaeM paCT8Hll15'1 .

BoT 1o1 H Bblpall.IHBaiO >KHBYIO lo13ropo,Qb 1-13 Cl-1-

KaK slll,D,HO, TYT HeT Hll14ero cno>KHoro. TaKyfO KnYM6y

ApoMaTHI:JIH 3a6op H3 cHpeHH

MO>KHO

3aCa,D,li1Tb

nyKOSli14HbiMll1

peHI-1 BeHrepcKoll'l. MHe o4eHb xoTenocb 6bl, 4T06bl

paCT8Hli15'1Mll1 :

MOfl ll13ropo,o,b 6bma nbiWHolil, rycTOiillll He nblcena y

TfOnbnaHaMlll, Hapl.lli1CCaMll1 , MycKaplll lllnlll rll1al.lli1H-

OCHOSaHll15'1 . ,[l,nfi3TOrO Ha,D,O S HaYane neTa paCT8Hll15'1

TaMll1 , TeM 6onee KaK pa3 no,o,xo,D,lllT speMfl ,o,nfl lllX noca,o,Klll.

A

s cne,o,yfOLl.leM ce3oHe nocne l.ISeTeHlllfl

nyKOSli14HbiX MO>KHO noca,D,li1Tb H8SbiCOKll18 O,D,HOneTHli1Kll1 . nplll >KenaHllllll Kll1pnll14 MO>KHO OWTyKaTyplllTb ll1 noKpaclllTb cpaca,o,Holil KpacKolil.

nanuHa OKCaHa, a. Tyna

nO,D,CTplllraTb. noKa Mbl nO,D,CTplllraeM SCfO ll13rOpO,D,b O,D,lllHaKOSO no SbiCOTe, HO Ka>K,D,bllil rO,D, paCTlllM Hawy >KlllSYfO ll13rDpO,D,b nOSbiW8 , '-18M B npe,D,bi,D,YL1.18M. C1o1peHb, KaK 1o1 11106y10 ~BeTYLl.IYIO lo13ropo.Qb, BbiCa>KHBaiOT o6bi~Ho B OAHH PHA. Ecnlll MeCTO

no3sonf!eT ll1 y sac ecTb >KenaHllle c,o,enaTb ,o,syxTpexpfi,D,HYIO ll13rOpO,D,b, ny4W8 Sbl6paTb S KOMnaHlllfO K Cll1p8Hll1 Hli13KOpocnbl8 KYCTapHli1Kll1, Hanpli1Mep 6ap6apli1C. 0Hll1 npli1Kp010T Hlll>KHfOfO 4aCTb noca,D,OK Cll1p8Hll1. nocne

1,5

TOrO

KaK

Clo1p9Hb

BblpaCT9T

,QO

1-

M, nOHBio1TCH B03MO>KHOCTb, np1o1 >K911aHio11o1,

BblnOilHHTb OAHY HHTepecHyiO onepa~1o110. 5epeM

ll1 nepenneTaeM no,o,pocwllle ca>KeHL.Ibl KpecToo6pa3HO, KaK ceTb. MeTo,o, 3aKpenneHll15'1 Hesa>KeH - 6y,o,yT 3TO MeTannli148CKll1e KoneYKlll, nposonoKa li1Illl1 npoCTafl 6e4esKa . B pe3ynbTaTe Ha,o,e>KHO cpli1KCli1PYIOTCfl cTe6nll1 . >Klllsaf! ll13ropo,o,b nony4aeTcfl Henpoxo,o,lllMolil He TO 4TO ,D,Ilfl 4enoseKa - ,o,a>Ke MHOrllle HeKpynHble >Kli1SOTHbl8 He CMOryT CKS03b Hee npOHlllKHYTb Ha y4aCTOK.

AeAaeM AepeaAHHbiH 6ycJ»eT l.fmo6&1 acmpe"'U C opy3&fiMU Ha cae>KeM a03· oyxe He npeapaw,anUC& a 6e20fflHIO a nOUCKaX Heo6xoouMoii nocyo&l, coenaiime cnet(uan&H&Iii caooa&lii 6ycpem. ,[lnfl eao u3aomoaneHufl noHaoo6Rmcfl UHCmpyMeHm&l Oflfl pa6om&l no oepeay u HeKomopafl cHopoaKa. lf1HCTpyMeHTbl H MaTepHallbl:

A OCKII1

2

X

15

CM , npii16Ilii13111T8IlbHO

14

noroH-

HbiX Merpos ; KYCOK cpaHepbl

45

X

97

CM ;

l..\8nb Ail111HOiil np1116Ilii13111T8IlbHO

120 CM;

wypynbl; KPIO'-IK111 , A8P>K8T8Illl1 Ails:! KpiO'-IKOB; Me6eilbHble nem111 Ail111HOiil

91

CM;

K!lei/1 Ails:! Aepesa ; KpenileHII1s:l K creHe; yposeHb; H8>KA8'-1Has:~ 6yMara ;

MapKep; nii1Ila ; AP8Ilb, wypynosepr; KpacKa . npo~eCC pa60Tbl:

,[I,Ils:l H8'-18Il8 H8AO Bblnii1Ilii1Tb AOCKII1 HY>KHbiX saM pa3Mepos .

Co6ep111re

nps:~MoyroilbHbllil

CileA111Te , '-IT06bl yrnbl 6b1Illl1 posHo

KapKac.

90°,

111C-

nOilb3ylilre Ails:! :noro yposeHb 111Illl1 yroilbHII1K. HaHec111re Ha Mecra KpenileHII1s:l Kilei/1111 3areM cKpen111re wypynaMII1.

TaKII1M >Ke o6pa30M 3aKpenii1Te nOilKII1 BHYTPII1 rorosoro

nps:~MoyroilbHII1Ka,

a raK>Ke

sepXH111e nilaHKII1.

3aKpenii1Tb nem111: OAHY noilOBII1HY neT8Ilb- Ha KapKace 6YAYlJ.I8r0 6ycpera , BTOpyiOHa 60KOBOiil CTOpOHe cpaHepbl. nposepbT8, '-IT06bl OTK111AHOiil CTOilii1K 38Kpb188IlCs:l 111 OTKpbiB8IlCs:l HOpM8IlbHO .

3aKpenii1Te Kp10'-IKII1 111 Aep>KaTeilll1 Ails:!

KpiO'-IKOB. CHII13Y OTK111AHOro CTOilii1K8 38Kp8nii1Te ABe nilaHKII1. noKp8CbT8 Kp8CKOii1111Illl1 Il8KOM. 3aKpenii1T8 Kp8nil8HII1s:l Ails:! CT8H .

YA06Hbllil

111

¢>YHKL\1110H8IlbHbllil

6y¢>er Ails:!

caAa roros!

Wapoa BuKmop, 2. Hu>KHeKaMcK CneLIBbmycKa.t "1 001 coseT "' ceKper" N252. Yro nocrpoa.tTb Ha A3'<HOM y'<aCTKe? HAea.~ "' onbiT C3AOBO,!IOB, "IOHb 20 19.

YYpeA•Tenb - <jm3•YecKoe n•4o . ln. peAaKr op: 5ynaroe A . A .

T~pa>K: 14500 3K3.

ISSN 1816- 0077 3aKa3 N2 775 .

19

9 771816 ~07002

52

11111111111111111111111111111111 11 111°1111 111 11

~~~:~:~!!JJ~f~~~:

> 29 06 .2019

AApec peAaKL.IMM, a.t3AaTeml: Pocc~~cKa~ <lleAepaLI~~ .

606037, H•>KeropOACKa~ o6n ., r. A3ep>K~HCK , yn . nerp•lljeea , 35-1 2. AApec AnR na.~ceM : 606007 , H~>KeropOACKaR o6n ., r. A 3ep>K~HCK, a/ ~ 13. AApec Ta.tnorpa!jla.tH: H~ >KeropoACKaR o6n ., r. A3ep>K~HCK , yn . nerp•lljeea , 35. B~A neYar~- ocj:JcerHaR . l.leHa ceo60AHa~ . B •3AaH~" • cnonb30BaHbl cj:Jororpa¢•~ ~ 3 cj:Joro6aHKOB «flop~ >>, «Depositphotos».

1113AaH~e 3aper~crp~poeaHo <lleAepanbHO~ cny>K6o~ no H8A30PY e ccj:Jepe ce~3~ , •Hcj:JopMal.I"OHHbiX rexHonor•~ " MaccOBbiX

KOMMYH~K84~~ (POCKOMH8J:130p).

Ce•Aerenbcreo o per•crpa4~~ CMII1 n111 N2 <I>C77-43618 or 18 RHBap~ 2011 r. MHeH•e peA8K4"" MO>K€T He COBn8,Q8Tb C

MH8H~€M

88-

TOpOB ny6m1K84~~ -

Bce peKnaM•pyeMble roeapbl " yc.nyn1 nOAJ18>K8T 06fi38T€flbHO~ cepT~Q:llitK81...11itlit . Boapa crHo~

1...\SHJ: 12+.