470 Times Issue 04, November 1991 by International 470 Class Association

n @WTircs ISSUENo. 4

The oflicial magazine of the 4T0International Class

NOV l99l

+70TIMESISSUE+ NOV l99r

INTERNATIONALT INTERNATIONA CL A S SA S S O C I A T I O N

Dear Members and Friends The decisions adopted at the IYRU CPOC 1991 midyear meetings have triggered off a lot of discussions in the sailing community. If my interpretation of what happened there is correct, then the Olympic status of all current Olvmpic classesis being questioned. As far as our class is concerned, I think we can face this debate from an excellent position. -Even noq our class is at home in 56 nations and additional countries will join in the near future. By the same token there is hardly any nation where sailing is an Olympic sport and where this Olympic sailing effort doesnt include the 470 class. -We were able to provide extremely high-quality fleets on the occasion of championship events, and international regattas,both with regard to the performance level of competitors as rvell as the number of participating nations. -Our boats are so well-built now that they can be sailed in high-ranking events for quite a number of years (a ten-year-old470 from New Zealand competed in the Barcelona pre Olympic regattal). -The building specification which will be effective from 1993 on will ensure an even fartherreaching standardisationof the 170, as far as its construction is concerned. -Ours is the only boat which can be sailed at an Olympic level by both male and female crews. -The price/performance ratio of the 470 is excelient. -Our boat can be sailed by averageweight competitors (I20-I+0 kg for the entire crele'). One aspectwhich is of particular concern to our classand, of course,our Olympic athletes,and which will probably causea lot of discussion,is the CPOC decision that a proposal will be made under which the two-person dinghy is to be provided to competitors. If however this proposal were to be approved at the November meetings, our competitors will have to live with that decision if they wish to continue competing at Olympic events (and they most certainly do!). We work on the assumDtionthat sails.masts.booms and soinnaker booms can be charteredad lib and/or that competitori can bring their own equipm"nt u.td that the issuesof centerboard, rudder and fittings remain to be discussed. We also read that the IYRU will contact in the near future all eligible builders manufacturing double handed dinghies, in order to obtain the most advantageouscontract for the provision of those boats (the agreementbetween the IOC and the organisersof the Atlanta games does not provide for the provision to competitors, of the two-person dinghy). We offered our assistanceto IYRU in that context becausewe feel that the Olympic status of our class should definitely not depend on whether the IYRU gets the most advantageouscontract from one of our licensedbuilders, or from other sources.We would feel that it would be class-lethalif some other class (which apart from everything else,would be much iess distributed worldwide than ours) were to be given preference merely on account of more favourable contracting conditions. We also conrinue to assume (and we will do everything possible to ensure) that the two-person dinghy - whether it is brought along by competitors or provided to them - to be sailed at the 1996 Olympic events will be the 470, for both male and female crews. Finally, I would like to send you best SeasonsGreetings and best wishes for the New Year from all at the 470 International.

It Heinz Staudt. President

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rrcs lssue4 \ovember 1991 Publishedby { 7 0 l n t e r n a t i o n aCl l a s s fusociation Editor \lichelle Brewer Designed6 Producedby TypecastGraphics London E2 ENGTAND 07\ 729 2379 Pinted by Circle ServicesLtd 45/47 Alexandra Street Southendon Sea,Essex ENGLAND 0702 342929 All articles,information and other i t e r n s i n t h i s m a g a z i n ea r e t h e viewsof thewriter concernedand are not necessarilyheld by other personsrvithin the classor in line with 470 International policy. Editor "470 Times" Michelle Brewer 2I Queen ElizabethChasg Rochford SS4 IIJ ENGTAND Deadline for all articles and information to be receivedby the Editor no Iaterthan lst March 1992.

The Class The 470 InternationalCommittee Championshipparlicipation President's Report

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Technical nt 4 70 M ainsail D evelopme Centreboard careand repair Measurements- your questionsa"nswered

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Notes Et News The 470 Scene A repofton the Pre-Olympics The EuropeanChampionships

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Regatta 6r Results World Ranhings Pre Olympics EuropeanChampionships Spa Regatta JuniorWorldChampionships Nordic Open Championship Calendar

Peti kshinen and Miha Aarnihhaof Finland.

2l 22 24 26 28 29 30

470TIMES is the Official publication of the '170Class Association.This is a non-profit publicationthat is distributedfree of chargeto all 470 Membersand to interestedpartiesin the whole world. All rights reserved.

Totaldistriburion.10.000copies

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The Committee

President

Vice President

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Secretary General

freasurer

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Heinz Staudt 5 Wiethasestra[3e 5000 Koln 4I FederalRepublic of Germanl' T e l : + 4 9 2 2 1 4 0 7 0 4 0( h o m e ) + +9 221 405023 (office) Fax: + 49 )21 +05t27

Vice President Championship Committee Sergio Santella c./o Club Nautico C a s e l l aP o s t a l c6 5 51016 \larina di Carrara Itall T c l : + 1 9 5 8 5 6 3 5 1 5 0( c l u b ) + 1 9 5 8 5 5 1 2 3 7( h o m e ) I Tclex: 500045 BIEN1N'1E Fax: * 19 585 63+047

Georg Tallberg Sotkatie6AI 00200 Helsinki Finland T e l : + 3 5 8 0 6 7 5 4 1 9( h o m e ) Fax:*1580671518 Mobile: + 158 +9 411699

Hans Duetz Gildeebongcrd73 7018 PB Zeddan.r Tel: + 31 83+5 I3+9 Fax: * 31 8145 l3'f9

Chief Measurer & Measurement Training Chairman Technical Committee

Designer Andr6 Cornu 68 Rue Bouchaud 4 4 1 0 0N a n t e s France Tel: + 3l +0 698158

Michel Petit Chcmin du harclit Lieudit "Caze" 3 3 3 8 0M i o s Tel: + ll 56 )6632+ Far: + 3l i6 26{li0

The General Council Keizo Arima c/o Japan YachtingAssociation Dr Kishi Memorial Hall l-1-l Jinnan, Shibuya-ku,Tokyo Tel: + 81 3 845 I20l JAPAN Robert Baggers BaamburgseZuwe 190 3645 AM Vinkeveen Tel: + 31 2919 3292 Fax: + 31 2919 3443 NETHERLANDS Jon Bilger (IC) 1/6 SutherlandRd. Chatswood 2067 Australia Tel: +611193747 AUSTRALIA Colin Brewer I23 Imperial Avenug Maylandsea, Essex.CM3 6TT Tel: 0621 741377 GREATBRIIAIN Soren Clausen Skodshojen65 DK 8240 Aarhus-Risskov Tel: + 45 86211050 Fax: 4 15 86215450 DENMARK Alain Corcuff 7, Rue du Hainaut 78570 Andresy Tel: +33I39709828 FRANCE

Marta Esteve Sanjuan Silveri Fabregas45 Barcelona 08320 EI N,lasnou, Tel: +3435553639 Fax:*3434121269 SPAIN

Bruno Ortolano Odos Sofokleos35 16601 Glyfadas,Athens Tel:+3018980446 F a x :* 1 3 8 9 4 8 3 1 9 (for the attention of) GREECE

Mohib Abdel-Aziz Fahmy SuezCanal Authority Deputl' Director oI Finance Erchad Building 4I515, Ismailia Tel: + 20 64 220000/9 ex4260 + 2 0 6 4 2 2 1 1 0 I( h o m e ) Fax: * 20 64 220785 EGYPT

Michel Petit Chemindu hardit Lieu dit "Cazel'33180 Mios Tel: + 13 56 )66324 FRANCE

Georg Fundak Pasaretiut 52/a 1026 Budapest Fax: * 43 222 566171 HUNGARY

Sergio Santella c/o Club Nautico CasellaPostale65 54036 Marina di Carrara Tel: + 39 585 635I50 (club) T e l : + 3 9 5 8 5 5 1 2 3 7( h o m e ) Fax: + 39 585 6l+0+7 ITALY

Susanne Meyer Kuefersteig6, 1000 Berlin 20 Tel: + 49 30 3615331 Fax: * 49 30 3357079 GERMANY

Heinz Staudt WiethasestraGe5, 5000 Koln 4l T e l : + 4 9 2 2 1 4 0 7 0 4 0( h o m e ) Tel: + '19 221 405023 (office) Fax: * 49 221 105527 6ERMANY

Jean-Marc Monnard Chemin des Pleiades8 l8I4 l: Tour de Peilz SWITZERI,AND Hiroshi Mozawa l-245 Minami Nagakubo Asaka-machi, Koriyama 90JUr fuKusnrma Tel: + 81 249 157103 Fax: * Bl 219433819 AttMozawa JAPAN

Colin Brex'er 123Imperirl Avenue. l\lavlandsca. E s s e xC . \l1 6TT G r e a tB r i t a i n T e l : + 1 4 6 2 1 7 4 1 3 7 7( h o m e ) + + + 6 2 1 8 5 1 3 8 3( o l f i c e ) F a x :* { 4 6 2 1 8 5 1 1 5 9

Georg Thllberg Sotkatie6Al, 00200 Helsinki T e l : + 3 5 8 0 6 7 5 4 1 9( h o m e ) Fax:+3580671tI8 M o b i l e : + 3 5 8 ' 1 94 1 1 6 9 9 FiNLAND David W. Thomas .1417West l5th Avenue Vancouver,B.C.V6R 3Bl Tel: 1I 604 224 ).547 +r 604 737 3lr0 CANADA

Hiroshi Mozawa I-2.45N'tinarniNagakubo Asaka-machi Korivama 9 6 3 0 1F u k u s h i m a Japan Fax: * 81 2+9 +31819 (Universitr')

Officers of honour Presidents of honour Albert Huet Rue du Mane 5 6 1 7 0Q u i b â&#x201A;¬ r o n FRANCE Marc Everaert AvenueCirculaire 1444 BTC 2 I 180 Bruxelles BELGIUM Jacques Dost 9 Rue Magnificat JJ200 Bordeaux FRANCE Vice President of Honour Beecher Moore 3 Temple Gardens Middle Temple tane London EC4 9AU ENGI-AND

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The Participun6

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Entry restnctedby allocatedquota

F WORLD CTIAMPIONSHIPS 1988 IIAIEA (Israel) men and mixed teams nations women teams nations 1989 TSU City Qapan) men and mixed teams nations women teams natiOns I 9 9 0 MEDEMBLIK (H olland) men nations women nations

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64 t9 46 l5

72 2l 42 l5

JUNTORWORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS 53 l8 25 l3 77 29 53 l9

l99I BRISBANE (Australia) TBA

EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSHIPS f988 QUIBERON (France) men and mixed teams nations women teams nations

24 46 t8

1989 BAIfITONFURED (Hungary) men and mixed teams nations women teams nations

80 2l 33 t0

1990 MARINA DE CARRARA (Italv) men nations women teams nations

BERGEN (Norway) men nations women nations

72 20 38 15

1988 PUCK (Poland) participants natlonS

1989 ALICANTE (Spain) participants nations

51 13 +9 ll

1990 ATHENS (Greece) participants natrons

11 L4

l99l DAMP (Germany) participants nations

68 l6

MASTER WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS 1988 KOPER (Yugoslavia) participants nations

t4 6

1989 TUTZING (FederalRepublicof Germany) participants nations

20 )

1990 GUADAUARA (Spain) participants nations

17 )

l99l ELBA (Italy) participants nations

36 l0

To coincidewith the 1992Olympic Gamesin Barcelonathe next edition of the 470 TIMES will be a special celebration issue To give the magazinethe truly international feel of the'170 classwe would like to appeal for as many articles, reports, comments and letters as possible - news and information on the run up to the Games,designsfor the 470 Emblem and also for a specialOlympic 470 TIMES coven The magazineis your chanceto voice your opinions, ideasand hopesfor the class.If you havecompeted in the Olympics before - give us a tasteof the atmosphereand the preparations,or let us know where you would like to seethe Olympic Gamesfor the year 2000 to be held and why. Whatevernationali.y, whateveragqjoin in and help us to make the next '+70TIMES a really specialedition to commemorate the BarcelonaOlympics. Advertisersand sponsorsarealsorequiredfor the SpecialOlympic Issue.The magazinegetsthe attention of 10,000membersWorldwidedirectlyinvolvedin the470 Classand advertisingratesarevery competitivg so pleasecontact the Editor for more information.

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Presidents Report HeinzStaudt,President

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F New Member Associations Estoniahas requestedaffiliation to the 4 7 0 I n t e r n a t i o n a l .U n d e r a d e c i s i o n adoptedby the GeneralCouncil,Estonia maybe affiliatedupon the acceptance of the Estoniansailing federationinto the IYRU.In light of the fact that this can be expectedto take placeduring the forthcoming IYRUmeetingsin November,we count on our Brisbaneeventsbeing the first world championshipwith competitors sailing under the Estonianflag.

Clinics We will organisea clinic for the benefit of competitorsin the Asia Regattato be held in Hong Kong(25th Oct.- 2nd Nov., 1 9 9 I ) . O u r S e c r e t a r yG e n e r a l ,G e o r g Tallbergwill be the coach. Immediatelyprior to the Rota 1992 World events,a clinic rvill be proposed, primarily for attendeesfrom Centraland SouthAmerica,butwhichwillbe available for all otherinterestednationsaswell. We hooe that such clinicswill encouragenational authorities as well as i n d i v i d u a l c r e w s t o c o m D e t ei n o u r championshie p v e n t sa n d i n t h eO l y m pics;suchparticipationwould certainly b e a n i m o o r t a n t m i l e s t o n eb o t h f o r nationaiauthoritiesand competitorsand w o u l d b e a u n i q u e e x p e r i e n c ef o r individual crews.

Building Specification On the occasion of the CBC mid-1's21 meeting we were once more faced with controversies over the future construction methodology for the 170.The IYRU Executive Committee however confirmed the version adopted by the Permanent Committee in November, 1989, under which the working party had been tasked with the development of the b u i l d i n g s p e c i f i c a t i o nf o r a s i n g l e s k i n boat. The Executive Committee also felt that the current staff involvment in the 470 class was excessive and instructed that all IYRU staff work on 170 construction should cease forthwith. The CPOC, convened subsequently to that meeting, agreed with, and fully supported, the Executives decision in this resoect. We discussed the new situation resulting from that development, at the Management Committee level; we felt that in implementing the Permanent Committee decision (which our Olympic status is also tied to) we ought to continue our part of the working party

activities even in the absenceof IYRUdesignatedWorking Party members.A letter to that effectwas sent to IYRU on 23 May,1991 and acceptedby IYRU. Experimentalboatswerebuilt meanwhile by Nautivela and Yamaha, accordingto my information, and they are being testedat present. A preliminarycopyof the construction plans including details resulting from decisionsmadeso far is to be forwarded to IYRU in time for the impending Novembermeetings.

YachtCIub Ifulevwhich is situatednext to the 1980 Olympic complex.The coursewas directly in front of the club area.The competenceof the organisers, the possibilitiesashoreand the sailing areaareworthy of a championship.Let us wait for candidacy.

Forthcoming Championship venues

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Actingupon an invitation receivedfrom the organisingauthoriry I visitedTallinn in May 1991. Apart from competitorsfrom Canada, Finland and Sweden,competingin the eventwerecrewsfrom severalpartsof the SovietUnion: Estonia,l-awia,Lithuania, R u s s i aa n d A r m e n i a ( a l l o f t h o s e republics are meanwhile independent statesand the establishmentof national authorities for sailing as well as class associationsis exoectedto occur in the foreseeablefuture). It was interesting to hear Armenian crewstelling that in their country they sail on a lake situated1700m abovesea level, and which is more than 100 km long and 30 km wide. Host Club of the Thllinn Regattawasthe

Stamper Stamper

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Estonia

Beriozkiu Buimator

K)r5K

Lilienthal Liiienthal

Estonia

43.4

Stamper Mcleln

Lanaqa

Kallas Kuldma

Estonia

54.4

Benqtsson Nysirom

5weden

Singzdius Baliiunas

Lltnuanla

Pugi Raidma

Estonia

7+.7

otg Uustalu

Estonia

77.7

South Africa

Iallinn-Regatt^

zo. I

Tyniste Tyniste

Actingunder a mandatefrom the 1990 A G M , t h e M a n a g e m e n tC o m m i t t e e decidedthat championshipvenueswill be as follows: I 1993France a 1994 Finland (Hanko) f 1995 Canada I The 1992EuropeanChampionship eventswill be hostedby the BelgiumAir Force Club at Niewpoort (Belgium). I The venue for the 1994 Eurooean C h a m p i o n s h iw p i l l b e R o b e(lM n n u s e e ) in the FederalRepublicof Germany.

ln a letterdated9.9.9f, the l\RU informed Classesthat teams from South Africa are now eligible for participation in all eventsfor Olympic classes(effective immediately). A c c o r d i n gt o o u r i n l o r m a t i o nw e m a ) most probably expectat leastone crew lrom SouthAfricato participatein our Brisbaneworld championshipsevents.

Sharaslukin l'stonra Peeter

rI L- ) M i n c e Galaburda

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Lltnuanla 32 ottrics

Measurement at the Olympic Practice Regatta l99l Measurementon the occasionof this event was radically different from all o r e v i o u sm e a s u r e m e nwt o r k a t a n O l y m p i c l e v e l . B a s e do n t h e p o l i c y published in the May 1991IYRUNews, which is "to improve the fairnessof the competition and to decreasethe time Measurement'la so takenfor Pre-Regatta took placeprior calledself-measurement t o t h e r e g a t t a ,w h e r e a s s p e c i f i c a l l y selectedboats were measuredafter the end of each race. Beforethe regatta,each nation could u s e t h e m e a s u r i n ge q u i p m e n t f o r one hour, the exacttime having been previously announced.In this case,we were unable to do so to the full extent

+70 TIMES ISSUE+ NOV T99T

Swingfestin operationat Barcelona. normally required, because this year there was no measurement jig, templates for measuring the keel profile and the littings arrived too late, and the darkened tent where we wanted to determine the length of reinforcing members was not ready until just before the first race.All of those items had been requested by measurers in good time before the event, but the organisers (COOB) either failed to provide the items in time or to furnish them at all. Everything else had been well prepared. Sail measuring tables were even provided with diagrams showing how the various dimensions were to be measured. Competitors made ample use of the facilities available to them. We found out h o w e v e r t h a t m e a s r i r i n ge x p e r t i s ew a s not al$'ays sufficiently developed. As a result, the two Spanish measurers Santiago Bastida and Miguel Soldevila (who had prepared themselves very thoroughly for this event) and myself in my capacity as Measurement Consultant, were repeatediy asked to supply i n t e r p r e t a t i o n sc o n c e r n i n g m e a s u r i n g methods. After the end of the races, the original intention was to measure three boats oer c l a s s .i e .a t o t a l o f s i x 4 7 0 ' s .T h i s w o u l d have meant measuring during an entire night! The requirement was therefore reduced to one boat per class, i.e. two 470's onlyr Even under those conditions it rvas impossible to conduct full measurement: we were neverthelessable to measure the most imoortant items such as weight. keel profile fittings,sails, centreboards and rigging Out of a total of l4 boats, two were the object of measurement Drotest.In the caseof one of them. the soinnaker head had been reinforced bv i oiece ofPE foil and the jib foot was not within the ruies. In the other casg one had manifestly added one tolerance to another, with regard to the

shroud piates. Both protests resulted in competitors concerned being disqualified by the jury from the races in question. Howeve! the fact thatwe found those deviations from the rules highlights the shortcoming of the method used, i.e.a small number of boats identified by drawing lots and then measured after the end of each race. Crews would not have had the same problems if a pre regatta measurement had been conducted because the faulty items would have been detected. Apart from that, the possibility of rules

question which we were confronted with, is that of determining the race(s) which the disqualification would apply to; is it only the race after which a boat is "caught in the act'l or all previous races as well? The Barcelona jury decided that boats would only be disqualified from the race after which they were found at fault. With an overall fault rate of l4.3olothe 470 Class was in an excellent oosition c o m p a r e d w i t h o t h e r c l a s s e sb u t a s I pointed out earlier, even those relatively few casescould have been avoided by pre regatta measurement. I n l i g h to i t h o s e f a c t s i.t i s n o t s u r p r i s i n g that the new system found no defenders at Barcelona,the general consensusbeing that one hoped for the adoption of the earlier system for the forthcoming Olympic events. Measurement Consultants Dresent at B a r c e l o n af e l t t h a t t h e t o t a l t i m e r e q u i r e d for measurement work could be substantially reduced as compared with the last olympic events if one were to concentrate on the really essential items which affect the speed of a boat, and on detecting intentional rule violations. Another aspectwhich was supposed to be demonstrated at Barcelona by the IIRU, was the pendulum test.As a matter offact, such a test was conducted, - but 'in unfortunately it took place privatel Another unfortunate fact was that the test was not applied to several huil shells, so as to verify the currentiy prescribed moment of inertia of 128.10 ksm. It

Hull mea surement templates. being mis-understood in the absence of binding interpretations makes it perfectly conceivable that National Authorities interpret a rule "at homei to the best of their knowledge, that may not coincide with the official interpretation of which they may be unaware. It would certainly be unfair to tell such national federations - after a race! - that their boats do not comply with our rules and had to be disoualified. Another

would certainly have been most important and helpful to participating nations if one could have shown them how the pendulum test is to be conductednext year in Barcelona(and w h i c h m e t h o d s a r e t o b e u s e d ) .a n d which aspectsnations must pay attention to, when carrying out their own oreliminarv check at home. Heinz Staudt

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The Hyde Sails 470 Rig of the 470 Mainsail TheDevelopment

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11'\ver the past fifteen years 47Omainsail development \-7hur been along three main routes. The Needlespar/Z Spar rig developed and used by Dave Ullman in the seventiei, the Epsilon rig developed by SteveBenjamin for Ullman Sails in the early eighties and the Needlespar rig developed by David Barnes at the same time. To put thesethree rigs in context we should order them in terms of flexibiliry and by flexibility we mean their ability to cope with changing conditions independendy of the sailors.

The Epsilon Rig The most inflexible is the Epsilon rig, which is a fairly flat mainsail with only a small amount of luff round set on a straight mast. It represents,when set up correctly, the theoretical best foil shape, low drag and maximum projection, for the boat - ideal in medium conditions and flat water. The problem is that this shape has a nanow performance groove - as soon as the wind goesuP or down the settings must be changed to maintain the foil shape and the balance of the boat. This is particularlY awkward in the '170 rvhere the c l a s sr u l e sp r o h i b i t c h a n g i n gt h e mast rake or the spreadersduring the race. Horv many times have ).ou come out of the start line and thought - we're on the wrong setting! These adjustments are critical becausethe mast cannot be allorvedto bend to respond to a changing conditions function of the lack of luff round. Consequently you have the rnyriad of different settings for rake,spreader and rig tension of the straight rig. tt is r-rndoubledly fast, particularly on flat water in steady conditions, but the lack of flexibility rteans that you are continually struggling to keep the boat at its optimum. In rvaves or gusty conditions it does not respond to the changeslvithout 'us-er-inter-vention'and distracts the crer'vfrom all the other e s p e c l so I t h e r a c e .

The Barnes Rig By complete contrast, and interestingly enough developed at tire same time, is the Barnes rig. This uses a fuli mainsail, particularly in the top, cut with a lot of luff round and set on i Needlespar with pre-bend to match lt is oniy adjusted by the rig tension, being let back on the halyard when the wind increised. lt rvas the ultimate in automatic rigs, and marked the distinct approach of David Barnes to 470 sailing The Darticular abilitv that won him three world championships ir.rfo.,r years *as the abiliry to sail consistently well in big fleets' The rnore automatically the rig can cope with changing conditions the better you are able to do this. Unfortunately Barnes probably carried the concept too far, although quick

in a breeze he always struggled in the light to medium airs. In 1984, despite winning the World Championships. he was beaten out of the New Zealand Olympic slot because trials were held in smaller fleets. Straight-line boat speed became the determining factor and Barnes did not have enough.

The Needlespar/ Z-Spar Rig In between these two rig- concepts is the Needlespar/Z-

Spar rig used by David Ullman to win three world championshipsin the seventies, and stiil successfultoday in the hands of sailors like \4blfgang Hunger.It usesa fuller mainsail with more luff round than the Epsilonrig, but not as much as the Barnesrnainsail.So it is less c r i t r c at lh a nt h cE p s i l o ni n i t ss e t up, but still requiresadjustment of the rake and spreader positions.

The fundamental issue in these rigs is really the luff round cut into the sail. This determines the amount you can allow the mast to bend to llatten the sail for different conditions. The downside of this is that if you go too far, the rig once again becomes inflexibie to changing conditions. The sail cannotbe llattened enough in Iight airs rvithout changir-rgspreader angles, mainiy becauseyou cannot induce prebend at deck level in the 470 because of the class rules. The altemative is an over-full sail that s c rc r e l l c o m p r o t n i s e sp e r f o r mance in the lorver r,vind speeds.

The Simple Rig When rve started development in 1989,Hyde already made a successfulversion of the Epsilon rig that was being used by several UK sailors. But experiences in the 1988 season had convinced us that the 470 required as simple a rig as possible, - lve wanted to emulate the philosophy that David Barnes had used so successfully But, ^ltho.rgh Hyde had obtained the European patterns tbr these sails they seemed too extreme.We needed sornethingbetween the Barnes rig and the Needlespar Ullman rig. We used the Ullman concept as a stirrtirlgpoint, and made initial changes that pushed it in the direction of the Barnes sail - increising the luff curve and the fullness, via the broad seams,in the upper third. The mast we selectedr'vasthe Super Spar M7, and we set the sails on this mast rvith a little more pie-bend than the Needlespar Ullman rig. Getting these .hutrg"t to match the mast took a long time. The extra fullness in the top had to be just right, so that the sail bladed out in the stronger breezes and still had the necessary power at the lower end of the rvind range. But by the early part of 1990 we were gettlng results; 3rd at Palamos,7th at Hyeres and winning Cannes Ski Yachting. In 1991 early results were even better, with a second at Hyeres and seventh at SPa.

+7rrTIMES ISSLE + NOv l99l

The n-rainsailthat \\-ehave developed provides a sail that can be tailored throtrgh the u'ind rangg b1'adjustingonl)'the mast chocks. the virr-rgand the cunningham - until tl-reEuropean Championships this vear we were not even adjusting the mast rake. The rig is sct r.rprvith 6720mm of rake from the mast tip to the tr;rnsor.nbar.spreaderlength of 'l85mm and a ng tension on the Loosgauge.These settingsare on the foresta,.,'t't[33/34 maintained to i'l knots u,hen the mast rake is lowered one pin. u'it}.reven'thing elseheld the same.Once this is done the rest of rhe control is done with the mast chocks.None are used in light airs, ur.rtilyou are sitting on the side tanks, at this point 1'oubegin chocking the mast, doing so progressivelymore until you begin to be overporvered, when the chocks are slorvly reduced again. The kicker, cunningham and outhaul are a1l used in conjunction r.vith the chocks to provide the sail shapes that we see illustrated. For some time we thought that we could get away rvithor-rtraking at all, but at this years European Championships the conditions convinced us that we needed greater depowering faciliry So that the boat had a wide enough groove to sail easily through a choppy sea,without itbecoming overpressed every time you bear away for a wave.

Luff Starvation To make all this work we were looking for a cloth that rvas reasonably"square'lie; a small differencebetween the stretch along the threadline and the stretch at fortl' five degrees to it - along the bias. If there is too big a difference between the stretch in the t"vo directions then as the sail is loaded up the leech, by pulling tl.revang on, it will round r-rp.This is because, although tl.resail can cope with the load along the threadline, up the leech as it progressesmore on the bias into the sail, the cloth will stretch morq creating a bag in the sail that causes tl-ris to happen. Howeveq if y'ou make it from a cloth that is too strong in the bias direction, then appll.ing the vang r.villjust bend the mast until the sail is completell.flat. Any furthervang and you rvill get luff stan,ation and the leech opening uncontrollably Fortunatell', 3.8o2 Contender Polykote rnet our needs com-

pletell', having exactlv the right proportion of stretcl.ralong the bias cornpared to the threadline. The latest mainsiril development has rvorkcd rlt providing more porver in the rig [or rnedium-light conditior.rs.\Ve needed more return from the lorver part of the mainsail - to get the bottom batten to poke to windward. wlthor-rt losing the ability to flatten it in the lightest airs. tfi/eneeded to build more shape in at the bottom, but still be able to rerlove it rvith the outhaul rvhen necessarllTo achieve this rve adapted the conventional broadbeaming technique so that the botton.roIthe sail is fuller rvhen there is little or no load on the outhaLll - this provides the additional power ir.rthe n-rediumconditions. When 1'ou tension the outhaul the seam shaping is such that the sail flattens in the bottom more than the conventional joining seam would. It was rvith this sail that lve came fourth at the 1991 Pre-Olympics.

In Closing The final piece in the puzzle rvasthe jib and for this rve started rvith the same design as rve had used on tl.restraight rig. Unfortunatel),, it had been developed by several people over the years,and while the basic shape r.vasright it had been made r"rnfairby all the changes. We were able to solve this problem by transferring the sail design to our computer program. This enabled us to change the panel layout, rvhilst rnaintaining the basic shape. The current design uses ten panels for an exceptionall). fair sail. The reason the sail is so successful,and so manl'sailors are moving to it - particr-rlarly those ne\ . to the class, is that the rig is simple and non-critical to use.Get the settings right and it will work in a wide range of windspeed before you have to make any major changes. Race winning boat speed - as opposed to tuning boat spced - is defined b;' tl-reability to keep the boat near its maximum speed r.vhilstconcentrating on something else; - )'orlr tactics. It is faster to sail a race at 95oloelficieno' of the rig for 75olnof the tirne than at 100o/o efficiencl,for onl1' 50% of the time. The H1'derig allorvs1.ou to do this - and sail the rest of the race as rvell! Paul Brotherton

Si :n 1{slt:

.-i'r Bsall/ . rcBE

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'Care and Repair' + 7 0 T r M 1 5 l 5 5 LE + N O v r 9 9 l

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Repair and Maintenanceof DinghyFoils

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many sailors finding the winter competition \f,/irtt V Y just too much to resist, dinghies are now being permanendy kept in the sailing club compound or readyto-go in the garage.The demands of maintenance requirements however have not changed and some time has inwitably to be devoted to control systems and repairs. Probablythe single most common componentsrequiring attention - although frequently overlooked- are foils. We all know how important they are to boatspeedyet how often do racingsailorsgive their foils a carefulinspection?And by this I mean checkingfor symmetry and fit aswell as obvious damageand abrasion. The cost of a new set of foils is a major expense- as much as a new mast - but they are much more prone to danger Constantmonitoringof their conditionis vital in orderto keep the boat in top un; and minimize racing costs. Obviously daggerboardsand rudders areeasyto check since they are readily accessible.Centerboardswhich are hidden within the casingnot only receivethe usual knocks and bendingforces,but theyalsorub on the sidesof the casewhen beingloweredor raised.Regularinspectionof the centerboard helps maintain windward performance and can avoid the catastropheof breakage. Attention must alsobe given the the operationof the board itself and the efficiencyof the friction brakesystem.This meanswithdrawingthe board and gaining accessto the interior ofthe casethrough the centerboardslot.

Centerboard Case Maintenance Turn the boat on its sidq and withdraw the board from its case. Check the condition of the bolt hole and interior of the case and note any gougeson the interior where the coating has been penetrated. Particularly prone to uear is the interior surface where the friction brake rubs on each side. Small stones or sand can become caught here and gouge through any previous

fig 1 Gentreboard damage

protectivecoating.This canbe repairedand fairedsimply with epoxy and filler. I recommendthickening the epoxy slightly with colloidal silica to give a harderwearingsurfaceand one which will fill small cavitieswithout running out. The epoxycanbe appliedvia a long,smooth,straight-sided stick from eitherthe top or bottom of the casewith a 'squeegee' action.Itis worth removingthe slotgasketbeforehandto gain better accessand avoid the possibility ofany epoxy sticking to it. After the epoxyhasbeenleft for at least24 hours to harden it can be sandedwith I00 grit paper - again a piece of flat ply can be usedto which the sandpapercan be wrapped and stapled.Any staplesshould be hammered flat below the sanding surface. Now look at the bolt hole in the casefor signsof wear and water penetration.It is alwaysa good idea to file out the hole slightly and allow any moisturepresentto escape.If the wood is darkenedaround the hole the wood hasbeenwet for some time.Apply a hot air gun to dry it out. When dry coatthe hole with epoxy using a pipe cleanerto coat it neatly around the inside of the hole.Whilst wet removeany excessfrom inside the case. After allowing to harden, smooth using a round file and sandpaper,then check the bolt for fit.

Centerboard Maintenance Fig. I showsa variety of damagethat can occur to a wooden dinghy centerboard. Split Handle Repair This can occur through a glue split in the laminationsor through poor handle design (fig.2a and 2b). When excessupwardsforce is applied the wood is prone to split alongthe direction of the grain.The bestway ro make a permanentrepairis to usea combinationof epoxyadhesive and screws(Fig. 3a. 3b).

fig 2 Gentreboard handledesign

fig 3 Splithandle repair

(A)

50 mmglasslapeat +45oand-45" (onlytwoslripsshown)

Splithandle WornBolt Hole _ Hullline

tnpacr4

damage lo leading edge

Slresscrack Abrasion scratches

Damaged lrailing edge

Masking Tape (B) Filled crack

+70 T|MES tSStJF+ NOV l99l

a. t-ay the board ilat. b. Vee-out the split rvood and prise open temporarily with a chisel for better access. c. Run un-thickened epoxy adhesiveinto the cracks and heat the area rvith a hot air gun to obtain maximum timber Denetration. d. Apply masking tape to one side to cover and seal the cracks. e. Drill two holes for S/S self-tapping screws. f. Screw uo the timber to ensure that excessadhesive will ooze out. The adhesivewill be contained on one side by the masking taDe. g. Clean off the remaining side with 5P Fast Epoxy Solvent and appiy masking tape to contain the adhesive. h. When hard remove masking tape and sand smooth. i. Using a chisel make a shallow trough 50mm wide over the crack on either side to fit two layers of glass tape reinforcement in strips laid at +45o, then -'15o. j. While the resin is still wet appiy a strip of nylon peel ply over the glass and consolidate with a squeegee.The side of a new mixing stick will do. The peel ply enables the glass to lie flatter against the wood. Since it will not stick to resin the peel ply can be easily ripped out later when the resin has hardened and leavesa surface which can be filled without first having to abrade it. k. Finish the surface with an epoxy filler mix using glass bubbles and sufficient colloidal silica to prevent sagging. Allow to harden then sand and apply a paint finish.

e. Clean the edgesof the repair to removeexcessresin with FastEpoxySolventand maskoff the sideswith tapeasin Fig.4. f. When hard,usea wood file followedby sandpaperto obtain a smooth, fair surface.

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Stress Crack Repair C r a c k s n o r m a l l y o c c u r i n t h e o u t e r v e n e e r so f a b o a r d constructedof plywood. They are rarely seen in laminated boards since this rype is usually stiffer and strongerwhen subjectedto bending forces.The cracksareusually first seen in the surfacecoatingrunning horizontally acrossthe chord. This is typically a few inches below the point where the foil emergesfrom the hull. The cracksshow that the board isnt strong enough and if left unattended,a complete failure is inevitable.Once a crack has developed,water is free to enter the wood causinggeneralsofteningand deteriorationleading to failure. This typeofrepair canbe easilycarriedout usingepoxyand reinforcementfibre.

U rr I l-i

lig 5 Stresscracklepail

(A)

Tip, kading and Tiailing Edges The sameprinciples apply for repairingany foil edge.To gain maximum adhesionthe surfaceareaof the bond should be increasedas much as practicableand local heat used on the repair areato ensurethat the wood is perfectlydry - and to encouragemaximum adhesion. a.Cut out damagedareawith a fine sawand chiselasin Fig.4c. b. Cut a deepV using a chisel.This will increasesurfacearea and help retain the epoxy (seeFig 4a and 4b). c. Heat the areawith a hot air gun and apply an unthickened epoxy mix. Brush out well as the epoxy is soakinginto the wood. Apply more heat to reduce resin viscosity. d. Make a thickened epoxy mix by adding microfibres and colloidal silicain approximatelyequalproportionsand knife into the grooveuntil the correct amount has been built up.

lig 4 Foiledgerepail Masking tape Sectionof leadingedge ol tip

Highdensity epoxyliller mix Unthickened ep0xy

Masking tape Sectionof trailingedge

Unthickened ep0xy Highdensity epoxyfillermix

Sideviewot leadingedge reparr

a.With the board lying flat, open out the crack on either sidg using a sharpchisel,to about a quarterof the thicknessof the b o a r d a n d r e b a t et h e w o o d t o d e p t h o f a p p r o x i m a t e l y 2mm-75mm aboveandbelowthecrackoneithersidgmaking sure the rebatehas a chamferededge(seeFigs.5a, 5b). b. Heatthe areato be repairedwith a hot air gun until the wood is perfectlydry.Whilst the wood is still hot apply one or two coats of unthickened epoxy which will soak into the wood fibres. c. Fill the crackwith a thickenedepoxymix using microfibre (Fig 5c). d. Apply a freshcoatingof epoxy to the wood surfaceand lay in 2-3 layersof unidirectionalglassfibressuch asSPUnix 250 (Fig 5d).

Finishing Although a conventionalwoven glasscan be used,where o p t i m u m s t r e n g t hi s r e q u i r e d a s i n t h i s a p p l i c a t i o n , unidirectional reinforcementis far superiorwhen fibres are running in one direction and thesecan be orientatedso that theyall crossthejoint at 90o - where they aremost effective. Finishing with nylon PeelPly will leavea fine texturedsurface which can be filled with a glassbubble epoxy mixture to fair in with the rest of the surfaceready for painting. Additional, useful information on laminating glasswith epoxyis given in the SPGuide to Wooden Foil Construction. ADRIAN BAKER, SP Systems Repinted with permission from Pinnellâ&#x201A;Ź>Bax, Northampton,England

tssuE+ NOV l99I +70TTMES F]

Somequestions answered

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by HeinzStaudt,President

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In light of questions raised with regard to measurement items, and my own experience when carrying out measurement work in recent months, I was repeatedly confronted with uncertainties and/or ignorance of specific items in the currently valid measurement rules, some of which shall be addressed below.

7. The following constructionmethods may be used for the king plank (aswas alreadypointed out in TechnicalBulletin 6 in 1987):

1. Non-slip materialis only allowedin thegunwalearea(Rule 7.5),i.eonly up to a maximum of 30mm from the outsidg plus on the cockpit floor (Building Schedule6a). H

MAX 30mm.

2. Mast partnersfrequently are wider than the mast and/or not absolutelysymmetrical.Suchsituationsmay be remedied by one of the following methods: (a) filling intersticeswith GRP(Building Schedule6), (b) filling them with another optional material under Rule I /_.),

(c) widening the mastwith the samematerialthe mastis made of,within the limits allowedformaximum mastwidth (75 mm under Rule ll.3). 3. Materialsto be usedin the constructionof 470sarespecified in Building Schedule(BS)6. Tapgplasticsheetingetc.asfrequentlyfound undemeath fittings, either as decorativeelementsor for protection, are thereforenot permitted. The use of tapeto reducethe size of the tiller port in the transomis not permitted either GRPis the only materialwhich may be used for that purpose 4. According to BS 2 the opening(s)in the forward cockpit bulkhead must be closedwatertight.The use of tape is not sufficient to achievethis. Hatchesshall be screweddown tight and sealedwith rubber gasketsor silicon. The distancebenveen screwsdependson the flexibility of the hatch.Spacingscrews at a distanceof 150mm may be assumedto be reasonablefor most of the constructions. 5. The diagrampertaining to Building Schedule6 (a) indicates the areaof the cockpit floor reinforcement;this refersto the entire area. 1OOMAX

6. When reinforcing members cross each other, only one member will be measuredwithin the intersection area.

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A-A CROSSSECTION -jDECK

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0 40mm MAX

4*-+omm B.B

bar underneaththe foredeckand the The pressure-absorbing diagonaltraction bar must thereforebe connectedsimilarly to lattice-work. 8. Building Schedule6(a) contains a description of the construction of the bulkhead under the travellerbar Smallholesfor control lines arethereforepermitted.The term "small" is understoodto mean a maximum diametreof three times the thicknessof the sheetsused.The opening for the spinnakersheetcloseto the sidetank must not be largerthan is required by the sheetingsystemused. The minimum height of the bulkhead must be 35mm at any ooint. 9. The clearancerequiredbetweenthe templateand the hull shell (Rule8.5)doesnot apply to that areawherethe template is "horizontal'l

+;0 TINIES l5st E + NOv lgql

16. The maximum rvidth stioulated for the headsail head in R u l e 1 7 . 2 ( c )s h a l l b c r n e a s u r e da s [ o l l o w s :

TEMPLATE

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MAX

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(') x 10. Accordingto Rule 12.1the forestayas well as the elastic shockcordused to maintain tension in the forestaymust be directlyfixed to the stemheadfitting.The useof a guide roller is not nermitted.The l99I editionof thesamerule furthermore specifiesthat shroudsshallbe attachedto shroud platesby one pin only. ll. Correctorweightsindicatedin the MeasurementForm must alwaysremainat the locationprescribedunderRule16 (c), and be permanentlyattached,includingwhen the boat is oresentedfor measurement. Miny jury membersconsider even a temporary removal of correctorweightsto be an act of cheating,which comesunder IYRURR 75 (Grossinfringementof Rulesor Misconduct). 12. Correctorweightsof the rudder,if any (accordingto rule I0.l) mustbe permanentlvincorporatedin the rudderblade and shall be of lead. It is not sufficentthereforeto screwthem onto the rudder They nrustbe coveredby GRPincludingat leastone layerofglass fibre. In achievingthis,rulesconcerningthe thicknessof the rudder blade must be compliedwith. 13. The first sentenceof Rule l7 readsasfollows:"Sailsshall be constructedand measuredaccordingto the current IYRU Instructionsi'That generalprinciple applies SailMeasurernent u n l e s s R u l e s 1 7 .I t o 1 7 . 4s t i p u l a t e o t h e r p r o v i s i o n s . 14. Attentionis drawnto the followingprovisionsconceming the sail cloth used for headsailsand mainsails: - The minimumthicknessof the sailcloth (finishedproduct) for both mainsailand headsailshallbe 0.165mm.(Regel17). - The mainsail/headsailshall be (exceptthe emblemsetc. describedin rule 6.3and 6.4 and possibleadvertising)white (Rule17.1.(a) and madeof cloth of eventhichness and17.2(a)). That meansthat - all panelsof one sailmustbemadeof cloth of eventhickness, ano - exceptfor partsspecificallypermittedto be of colouredcloth, sailsshall be white 15. Sailnumbersmust comply with Rule L7.andthe 470 class emblemwith Plan i2 (Rule I7).

The measurement to be usedis the oneresultingin thelowest figure for "a'l 1 7 . R e i n f o r c e m e n to f b a t t e n p o c k e t e x t r e m i t l e sb y a n supposedto havebeenincluded additional la1'erof cloth r.vas in the IYRUSailMeasurement Instructions. asa standardrule for all classes sincesomeconsiderable time ago.It wasexactly for that Reasonthat we neveradded such a rule to our Class Rules.Accordingto tl.relatestinformation available,the 1993 edition of the IYRUSailMeasurementInstructionsr.villinclude a rule to that effect.The reinforcementof batten oocket extremitiesis not allowed until then. 18. UnderIYRUSailMeasurement Instructions,para1.3.I,it is not permissibleto use bonding agentsclosesticking or otherwise,for the purpose of reinforcing sails. 19. UnderRuIe17.4(a).there shallbe no battensor headboards i n s p i n n a k e r s .A c c o r d i n g t o I Y R U S a i l M e a s u r e m e n t Instructions,the reinforcementof sailsmadeof wovenmaterial may only consist ol equal wovenmaterial, in other words, MYTAR etc. is orohibited. 20. IYRRAppendix I'1,Item 1.8(c)prescribesthat builder's and marker'smarks "shall fit within a squarenot exceeding l50mm x l5Omm'l E v e n i n C a t e g o r l 'B n o o t h e r a d v e r t i s i n gi s a l l o w e d o n e q u i p m e n tn o t w o r n b ; t h e c o m p e t i t o r .

Class Rules, edition l99l The l99l edition of our ClassRulesasdistributedby the IYRU unfortunatelycontainsnumerousmisprints.In order to avoid misunderstandingsin the preparationsfor the Olympics,the foilowinglist of correctionsis being published,pendingthe publicationof the amended\992 edition. Rule 8.5The distancein the diagram should be as shown

.+l

35mm l+

TEMPLATEi I

TRANSOM

1 4

40 V

Rule 8.10 The permitted vertical and horizontal tolerances of the transom are shown in the diagram.

70 v +46> +121

+90+

+46>

+90+

+166+

+127+

The points A-F are as shown:

PIan 12 Authorisedtolerance:2mm Rule 17.reads as follows: Height: 300mm Thickness: 45mm Width: 200mm (exceptnumber one and letter I) Minimum spacebetweenadjoining figures:60mm

470 TIMES tsSLrE+ NOV l99l

Rule 9.2(iv): The leading (BF) and trailing (AE) edges. .

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Rule 12.2 Add: TITANIUM trapezehocks are prohibited.

Ruie 12.3The following drawing is missing.

l'oI

9 (c) The following drawing is

missing,

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RuleI3.8 ln most copiesthe wordsand figuresof the drawings are unreadable.

9(d) First sentence 3370 mm from the AMP 9(e) Fifth sentence . . 2800 from the AMP ln the drawing: 2800 mm max. to AMP Pleaseamend )rour copy of the classrules accordingly. Heinz Staudt.

Iamboley Test Setup 35max

Those of you who are interested in an aiticle entitled "Designand Testingof a Precisionl-amboleyTestsetup' by P.EHinrichsen can geta copy from Heinz Staudtwhose address can be found on page 4 of this magazine.

Keel profile measurement We had the opportunity during the pre-Ol1'mpicregatraro measurethe keel profile with a levelling device. My intention was to find out whetherdifferentsupport configurations[or the hull shell migl-rtresult in different measurementdata. The three following support configurationsrveretested:

. * l l35 max

A' Rule 15.1(a)The mainsheetslide track(s)(if frtted)or . . . RuleI5.2(a)Add: "Fittingsmadefrom titanium areprohibited. Only the following fittingsare permittedin addition to those listed elsewherein the rulesl'

l"*l

-I

^, rroo I

Rule I7.l(a) Secondsentence:The mainsail. . . attachedto the boltrop e or the sa il, p etmitting adj ustment of the luff tension. Threebattensshall befitted in the batten pockets. Rule17.2(a) Add:A luff wire of not lessthan 2.3mm diameter shall be fitted.

Building Schedule 5. Readsentenceon drawing as follows: Sidebuoyancytank to extendfrom AMP to 2770 mm min., 3 5 1 0m m m a x . 6. Secondoara.first sentence. . . the bulkheadat 3470mm + l- 40 mm from the AMP (when . . . Secondpara,secondsentence:. . (at 3470mm + / - 40 mm from the AMP).

6() Firstsentence: . . . I50 mm fromtheinsideofthetransom. Tolerancefor the knee-thicknessin the drawing:45 + /- 15 MM.

The hull used was a Yamaha hull (IYRU No. 28274) The result was quite surprising inasmuch as evenwith this high-accuracy equipment,it rvasimpossibleto identify any divergencies.

IYRU Racing Rule 54.3(b) We havebeen askedwhat our interpretationof that rule is, with regard to the 470 version. We interpret the rule to read that crewsmay pump the spinnaker and the main sail at any part. (i.e.pump the spinnakerby the sheetand the guy,pump the main sail direct from the boom).

+70 TIMES tSStH + NOv l99l

(t)

The 470 Scene Newsand Viewsfrom the Penof Colin Brewer I trust tirat by now every country and association member rvill have received the 470 TIMES and we hope that the nerv Iook magazine has been of interest to you. Our main problems for continuing to provide you rvith an r-rp-datedand informative rnagazine are: The suppll'of articles from the saiiors actuallf involved in sailing 470's - many have been promised, pleasetry and make every effort to support us with these. Assistancefrom classsecretariesfor the smooth and efficient distribution of rhe magazine to individual members, by providing us - Urgentll' - rvith their members names and addresseseither on floppy disk, but preferably pre-printed on adhesive labels, so that our distribution system can then work elfectively to ensure that the sailors get this magazine. They sail in tl.risclass, it is their right to get a cop)' of the 470 TIMES - So, come on. help us!

Sergio Santella Normall;', at all our major regattasl one man is aiways in attendance.He is the gentleman who organises our regattas' and the chairman of our championship committee - that person is Sergio Santella of ltaly. Sergio has been verl' successfulin the administration side of sailing. Now, being the Vice Presidentof FIV Italian Yachting, his workload is hard and very punishing, but he still manages to get our championship arranged and the administration running smoothly.

470 Masters

The '170mastersis an eventthat is now growingrapidly into a popularand truly Internationalevent.Arriclesand reports by thesailorscompetingarealsoneeded on this to providea balancedviervof470 sailingfor all ages.The 470 Masrerscan be an eventof at least50 tearns(mixed) c o m p e t i n g ,s o I h o p e t h a t o u r g r e a t s;rilorsof over 35 yearsrvill support this and enjoy continued competitive470 sailing.

INTERNATIONAL

Design the4T0Emblem I was happy to receive the 470 TIMES May 1991edition,l found it to be very good reading.One article of particular interestto me was the requestcalling for a 170 Emblem Design. I have put together a sketch of my design for submissionto the association. Richard Kingsmill, Australia. What do you thinh of this and the previousdesignshown in the May 1 9 9 1 i s s u e ?W r i t e i n w i t h y o u r conunentsand alsopleaseheepthe designideascomingin. Editot:

Recently,Sergiohasnot beenvery well and we aresurewe speakfor all the class when we take this opportunity ro wish him a very speedyrecovery- Get well soon Sersio!

470 Times Recently I was reflecting about the structure and growth of our class and iooking back on earlier administration, p a s t p r e s i d e n t s , s e c r e t a r i e se t c , t h e people who in general started the class off and built the structure that we know todayr Our class designer Andre Cornu, what a brain child Andre had when he designed the boat. I was given to understand that the 470 was originally designed as a family beach boat and not a thoroughbred racer,if this was the case how did it happen that the 470 became so strong. The growth of the class really was generatedby the French Association with all the original administration and support being handled in France,in the smaller towns until the classbecame international and then it moved to Paris rvith a full time office and secretariar.As finances changed it became clear that the association had to be run on a segregated team basis and at present this is rvhat actualll,happens with all the members giving their time to the class. Probably in the future we will be fuily

manned as a professional organisation w i t h [ u l l t i m e a d m i n i s r r a r i o ns ] s r e m . especially since general sailing is going in this direction. The Times team is trying hard ro hear from past presidents and secretariesand also rve r,vould like to keeo a close knit tie rvith our fellorvsailors.iVe need some light hearted comments so come on let us hear from you.

Ir'l

Sponsorship One arearvhich is of all imoortanceto t h e4 7 0s a i l o ri sr s p o n s o ru.i p o n r n r . , r n meanthe differencebetrveen, goodgear, pleasantaccommodation,a srnarl,rel i a b l ec a r a n d a b i t s t r o n g e cr h a n c eo f r v i n n i n g .A s p o n s o rn e e d sr e s u l t st o justifl' his faith in your ability ar-rdhe needsmedals to get the best possible c o v e r a g e sf o r T . V .c o m m e r c i a l a n d magazines. As a classassociationwe haveseenand of coursein general,supportthe sailor t o a c h i e v eh i s g o a l w i t h r e g a r d t o obtaininga good strongand worthwhile sponsor situation.Also as a class associationwe needthe supportof major companiesto achievethis ourselvesto e n a b l et h e h o s t i n gc o u n t r i e so f o u r championshipto mn a successful regatta. A n l s a i l o rl o o k i n gr o g a i n a s p o n s o r rlust setout his objectivesand aimsand if possibleproduce a full curriculum vitaeof himselfand the crewin orderto gain the bestpotentialand supportfrom his would be soonsor T h e 4 7 0 T i m e si s t r y i n gh a r d r o h a r e p h o t o g r a p h so f 4 7 0 ' sw i t h s p o n s o r s namesshownin our magazines in order to support our sailors quest [or sponsorship.Pleasewrite to us if you haveany ideasfor other sailorslooking to achievethis goal.

Winter Sailing in the UK T h e Q u e e n M a r y S a i l i n gC l u b h a s recentlyreported the installationof a new poweredhoist for the launchingand recoveryofdinghies and keelboats.The hoist consistsof a levelnlatformwhich t r a v e l su p a n dd o w nt h et a n k . d r i v e nb 1 an electric/hydraulic winch. Boatswith Iaunching trolieysare simply pushed onto the levelplatformand then lowered into thewater Keelboats arehandledby liliing the boat from its trailer with a g a n t r y a n d l o l v e r i n gi n t o s l i n g s o n specialll' made trolleys. T h i s f a c i l i t y h a s a l l o r v e dt l - r ec l u b , situatedto the westof London.to exoand a n d o [ [ e rl u r t h e rm e m b e r s h i ot o r i h e i r

+7(ITIMES ISSL]E+ NOV I99I

F z fr I

fr l F

7 0 0 a c r e so f w a t e r .T h e c l u b i s a l s o currentlyofferingsubstantialreductions in the costof Winter Membershipfor the coming season- Novemberto March from as little as ll0 per month all in. The club has comfortableaccommodationwith full bar andgalleyservicqhot showersand a professionallymn creche. Extensivetraining facilitiesareavailable as the Queen Mary is an RYACentre of Excellence. For further details contact: J.D. Thompson, Club Secretary Queen Mary Sailing Club, The Club House,Ashford Road, Ashford, Middlesex. Tel No: 0784 243219

Report from the Tirrkish Yachting Federation As a board member for the Turkish YachtingfederationI am responsiblelbr race organization and foreign relations and I thoughtyou might be interestedto hear of the 470 activity in this country

Summary of the Year We have increased our fleet with four new boats from Parker.the total number we have now stands at 29. Our team have participated in such major events as: I I I I I I I

Eurolymp Palamos: Spain Spa Regatta: Holland Rijecka Regatta: Yugoslavia Balkan Championship: Romania PreOlympic Hyeres: France Criterium: Marina di Carrara Mediterranean Games: Greece

We rvill also participate with two teams in the October Regattain Egypt. We have organized our first International (From IYRU Calendar) Aegean Cup Regatta 470 included - a total of 16 boats raced in force 4-6 wind. Accommodation was free and there was no entry fee and also free charteq the event was held on 20/8/91 - 25/8/9)' in Cesme/lzmir. France (with Marc [-aurent), Israel and Egypt participated, the results were: lst place - Israel, 2nd and 3rd Turkeli Egypt were 7th and France l0th. Next year we

will be organizing a second regatta. The results of the Turkish teams are improving greatl). At the l99l Balkan Championship we won: I Junior Girls: Gold medal Women: Silver medal I I Junior Boys: Bronze medal I Seniors: Bronze medal A further 8 new boats have now been ordered for the coming season ol 1992. This is the brief nervs from Turkey, we hope for an evenbetter result and activity rePort lor the next Year Y. Gurkan

Eurolymp on Hayting Island On the t6th June this year the Hayling Island Sailing Club hosted the largest InternationalOlympic classregattaever to take place in the U.K.The eventwas organised by the Royal Yachting Association(R\A) and the British team, sponsoredby RichardEllis,won four out of the nine classes. With almost two hundred boats and

+70TIMES ]SSUF+ NOV I99I

entriesfrom all over the world, the U.K. Euroll mp hasbecomea majoreventon the Europeancircuit and is also a vital qualifier for the 170,Flying Dutchman and Soling classesto attend the PreOlympic regattain Barcelona- a target for every Olympic hopeful. In the mens470 class,PaulBrotherton and Andy Hemmings sailed a brilliant regatta.They had to beat the ex-World Champions Nigel Buckleyand Pete Newlands- by race5 (out of 6) Pauland Andy rn'erelying in first placeand sailed a tactical final race to ensurethat their main rivals were not allowed a last minute win. Thesetwo teamswill now m e e t a g a i n a t t h e P r e - O l y m p i c si n Barcelonaand challengefor the sole British place in this classin the 1992 Games. Sarah Beevers Pressklease on Behalfof RichardEIIisBitish SailingTeam.

Sail the Gulf '92 I am writing to inform you of our forthcoming regatta and to invite your members to participate. The Doha Sailing Association will be holding its first International Regatta from 12th to 22nd of February 1992. The event is under the patronage of the Government of the State of Qatar The supported classes will be 470, Laseq Hobie 16 and Dart The boats will be provided by the DSA. All entries will attract substantial sponsorship including subsidised air travel and accommodation. In addition to the racing programme the event will provide a unique opportunity to visit the country. A full social diary is planned for sailors and their families. For further information olease contact the DSA at the above address or by lax to: idd code +974 863271. I look forward to being able to welcome you both the Qatar and to the DSA.

struction of one boat, the new Fes 470 from Germany with its latest coiour s c h e m e ,i t a l s o v e r y i n t e r e s t i n ga n d certainly seemsto go well. At one time only a fewsailmakersmade fast470 sailsnow we havea greatcross spread of talent with many using all different manufacturersfor the sails. The spars are again effectively cont r o l l e d b y P r o c t o r , N e e d l e s p a ra n d Superspar- it would make a refreshing changeto seesomeother manufacturers having a go and developinga quick rig. On rnylastwalkaround the dinghy park a sailor said to me - "There must be somevery rich sailorsherq thereareroad trailersthat haveHarken blocks usedto strapthe boat down - the height of a f f l u e n c y ! "A n d I m u s t a d m i t I h a d noticed myselfthat they do drive a very nice Volvol"

Edgardo Saporiti Patricio Rossi

lY 1

1a 4

Matias Hoffmann 544 Martin Rodriguez Castells

The Argentinian Association The ArgentineNational Championship 1991washeld in SanIsidro,ProvBuenos Airesand organizedby the Club Nautico San Isidro. The Championshipwereheld berween the 14th and22nd of September1991. with 7 regattas, mostof them with quite goodwind ofabout 20-30knots,on the Rio de ia Plata. The number of crewsregisteredwas 12, and the resultswere as follows:

F z

Mariano Castro Gustavo Warburgz

Alejandro Sessarego Ricardo Sessarego

63,0

Maximo Smith Santiago Jost

76.1

Lucas Bisiani Diego Velasco

76,7

Bernardo Borchardt Tomas Muller

Qt7

Paola Rossetti Emilio Garcia

92,7

ErnestoCadeiras Guillermo Padron

97,0

,z v) lY I

11 )^

Junior National Championship

-, -j

MatiasHoffmann Martin RodriguezCastells 54,4 Maximo Smith 76.1 SantiagoJost LucasBisiani 76,7 Diego Velasco

470 World Championship - December l99l Brisbane * Australia NOTICE OF REGATTA You arecordially invited to attend the Intemational 470 World Championship Regatta and WomensWorld International 470 Championship,to be held in BrisbangAustralia commencingon Wednesdayllth December1991.

SCHEDULE OF EVENTS l99l South Pacific Championship Regatta Wednesday llth December Registrationand Briefing RaceI Thursday l2th December Races2 and 3 Sami Abu Shaikka Friday l3th December Race4 Commodore Presentation Dinner l99l World Championship and Womens World Championships Dinghy Park l4th December Measuring and Presentation Saturday - Norwegian Style l5 December Heat I Sunday Heat 2Going around the dinghy park in Bergen Monday l6th December I saw severalnew ideas,one ofwhich was Tuesday Heat 3 lTth December Wednesday lSth December Heat 4 a Swedish boat with a multiple control Lay Day system on the genoa which looked like Thursday l9th December a s p a c ec o n t r o l d e v i c e- i n c o n v e r s a t i o n with the helmsman I couldnt help but ask him if he actually worked at NASA space control! The super lightweight rudder and tiller assembly from AvantGarde designs is very interesting and is causing some major discussions,as is the hoop system constructed of the same material. Now we have some clever ideas on mast control which are also proving to be a tooic of conversation. The con-

(Provision for Resail) Heat 5 Heat 6 Championship Presentation Dinner Full information on racing and regulations on safety equipment, measurement, bouyancy requirement, scoring, eligibility, indemnity, entry fee and entry forms available from: The Regatta Secretary Royal Queensland Yacht Squadron, PO Box 2I, MANLY, QLD, AUSTRALIA 4179. Facsimile (617) 393 4100. Details of Host club, accommodation, location and air travel also availabie from: LynneJackson - address as above - tel No: (617) 393 8666.

Friday Saturday

20th December 21stDecember

+7rr TIMES 15\[ F-+ NO\- l99l

In Tiaining

The Finnish National team at practice

| & 2. Fastplaining conditions excellent for the 470. 3. "Inoking for a sponsor? I haveone! rhecobwebs. 4. Blouingaway

i,!

r93

,:lk

In the last edition we showed a series of action shots of '170 sailing under testing conditions and squad training in preparation for major reggatta's. We can now understand rvhl' the Finnish sailing teams are becoming such a strong force on the international scene.They practice and train hard and are certainly gaining results.

&rw:,

'Are they the oniy team doing this?" The editorial team of 470 Tinreswould like to receivereports from National coachesand sailorswith regardto training b u t d o n ' t g i v e a l l t h e s e c r e t sa w a y ! S o m e g o o d photographywould enhanceyour article and give recognition to your national associationand sailors. We await your news especiallysince the 1992 470 Timeswill be a very specialedition to build up to the Olympic games.

+ 7 0 T I M f S l S S t r l+ : NOV l99l

E -

Barcelona1991

f Y I

z a (t)

Thewarm up to the 1992OlympicGames

Ir I

'|rh"

l99l Pre-Olympic regatta will I be rememberedfor lour things; the measurement system, pollution, the starting technique and of course the weather. 'lt'snot usually'likethis here'isone of tl-rebiggestclichesin 1'achtracing,and as usual.it rvasnot. For a regattavenue that rvassupposedto average between8 and l2 krrotsit did pretg.wellto produce threc da1'sout of sevenwhere it blew m o r c t h a n 2 0 k n o t s .D e s p i t et h i s t l . r e breezeth:rtrvedid getrn'asfair,therewas onl;'one largeu.ind shift.in the lilth race rrnd tl'ratu,asqr-rickll'dealt rvith by an e f f l c i c n tr a c er . n a n a g e m etneta m .T h e q u e s t r o nf a c i n gr o a c h e sc. o r n p e t i t o r s norvis, is it usualll' and rneteoroiogists like thishere?

Pollution T h e r v o r s t a s p ec t o f t l - r er e g a t t a w a s undor-rbtedll'thepollution. 1n the cvent of tl.reu,ind blowing lrom the south, a sewageor-rtletpipe laid a film of elfluence over the water on the right hand side of the course that could not be broken b1' twentv knots of breeze.Predictably this rvas the side of the course to be on, and it rvas a prettl' u'eird experience to be sailir.rgthrough rvater in twent\/ knots of w i r r d r v i t l r o r r ts o r n u c h a s a r i p p l e never r.r.rinda white cap. A11the normal conte nts of raw sewagewere there to be seen, alor.rgwith the smell, and all in all it was prettl' disgusting. The Spanish

havepromised ar.rthorities

Random selection For some individuals this oroblem rvas e c l i p s e db v t h e c o n t r t , r ' . t s i a lI n e a s u r e rnent policy' that ll'as adopted. \drhat happened was that there rvasno formal measurement prior to the regatta.After each race a boat u'asrandomil"selected. usuall,v{rom the top six and subjected to tl're usual checks of weight, b l a c k b a n d s e t c . .a l o n g with really close scrutin)' i n t w o o r t h r e e a r ea s . The problem was that rvith the hot clirnate the actual rveight and

the IYRU that measures

s i z eo f b o a t sa n d s a i l s u,asvarf ing frorn d:r1 *^ l^-. r\r ud)

.,^,. \uu

^^,.11 LLrLltu

never be totally confident that you \\'ere iegal, and this put a cloud over the regatta lor all the competitors. ln addition, things that

were\wong and would havebeenpicked up b1'a pre-racerrleasllrement. caused peoplea racedisqualification. Perhaps the biggestcasualtvu,asthe 1989Worid C h a m p i o n T s u t s u m i .r v h o s es h r o u d plateswereten millimetresout of place.

Rule Observance Whilst this systemwas not a success therewereotheraspectsof the racemanagementthat were.The most notable heino "'"'b

tlrc

qtertino

t e c h n i q u ea n d t h e r u l e judging. 54 on-the-rvater Both led to a higher levelof rule observance than we are perhaps usedto - therearenot many 170 regattas where you get 5 out o1'

w i l l b e t a k e n b e f o r e n e x t 1 ' e a r ,b u t rvhether an1'thing actuallr, happens remair-rsto be seen.In the meantime the messagcfor an1'onesailing at Barcelona is to cover an1'cuts and grazes,wash them rvith antiseptic, and rinse everything dorvn rvhen vou come off the water

rvorked just as rveli. At the first offencc a whistle was blown and the ofi'enderhad to do a 720, or go to the protest rooln. IIr'ou lost the protest 1'ousuffered a disqr"rali[ication.At the second offence vor.r had to retire or face the protest - but l o s i n gi t n r e a n ta D N D .a d i s q u a l i fi c a t i o n that had to be counted

7 starts arvaylirst time! At the briefing everyone was told that there rvouid be no black flag used at the regatta.If the Iirst start was generai recalied the second start would usea I minuteround the ends rule. If a lot of boats were over on this one the race committee wouid get as many as they could - and let the start go This threat of almost random PMS'ing seemed to do the trick and the line discioline on the first start rvasexcellent. Apari from the first dall the race ahva;-s got off on time. T h c o n - t h e - w a t e r . l u d g i n g[ o r r r r l e 5 ' 1

The third offence rvouldrnean thatvou g,eresentirorne.lt r,vorked rvell.thereu'asa high leveloirule rvithoutcausingthe sort of obsen,ance anomalousresultswe had in the 1990 Worldsrvl.rer.r l2 peoplegotDND'sor.rthe first day. Tl.rerewas only one secondoffender and no one was senthome.

SpeedTests The racir.rgitself was excellent. rvith good courses set on time. and maintained bY t h e c o m m i t t e e . T 1 - r e r e\ \ ' a s a s t r o n g tendencr, for the rigl.rt hand side to pa1', and sorne oI the races developed ir.rtcr nrrrel.t crfPer] fP<tq r*''^,/-r.'!.-.-.-'

The mens regatta was won b1' the Kouwenhoven trvins with three firsts, they had no need to sail in the last race. Many of the other competitors lost through the usual methods, getting a PMS, DSQ or just a bad race.The Europeans dominated the event taking t h e t o p [ r v r p l a c c s- b u t n o o n e n a t i o n managed more than one crew in tl.retop eight. 81' contrast, in the rvomer.rsfleet, the Spanish led the u'ay r,vithNuria Bover and lrenc Martin winning from Teresa Zabell - despite the latter collecting a PMS. The results of this regattaare iisted on pages 24 and 25 for 1.our reference. Paul Brotherton Le.ft:The Kowwenhoi'rntwirs Iead the chrn.gc out of the start line. Abot'e: Who said"Theretvillbeonll' lightsu,inds in Barcelontt. I9

Bergen

F z -f r

470 EuropeanChampionships July 1991

(h fr I 2

f!ergen is an ancienttown in Norwav .l,lin an area steepedin tradition and beauty, with Fjords which are clean and clear and very deep. The local Norwegians showed a great hospitality towards the 470 sailors and this is always a good start to a championship. Bergenhad beenerloy'ir-rg a ve11'good, hot spellof rveatherrvith light rvindsand

Br,rcckfiom Australia.DebbicJar-i,isand Rosic Tribe ol thc Ll.K.coming in tl.rird.

Patient wait Racc 2 started lor both men rrncl\\'ornen on back to back basis. A['tcr rnore proble rns rvith gcneral recalls and a major race clisptrtc the rnen l'irralll'got a u ' a 1 'T. h i s r a c e b r o u g h t t l ' r e F i r . r n i s h

long da1'sthat seemed tc)go on forever, many of tl-resailors found tl.risa problem and had difficultf in sleeping and not s r a )i l l g L r p t l r e u h t r l t ' n i g l r r l Nonvay is a lovely place, but very expensive and this rnust l-ravebeen the reason thar nor one dmnken person did lve see! On the Sunday a practice race r v e s s a i l c c l .b o t h t o h c l p t h e competitors and the race committee - unlortunatel;', 11-t. rvind rvl.ricl.rdied drirrnaticalll' defeated this.

Mixed Conditions Weclncsclai, for r:rce J dau'necl with wind, rain ancloccasional sun. Thel' raccclrvith Ronalcl Rensch and Tirrstcr.rHaferlancl [irst overall ancl John S t a v en u i t e r : r n c l E r i k S t i b b c frorn Hollancl second ancl M a r t i r . rF u c h s a n d E c k h a r c l Zu'icker frorn Gerrnanf in thircl. Rcsults for tl-rcwomen werc N o r w e g i a n K i t r i n D a n i e l s en ancl Bcate Kristianse in lirst, Nittrlrr Birknt'r and Birgit Hahnkamm trI Germany second and Teresa Zabell and PatriciaGue rra olSpain in third place.

Good Tan Mondal,came, rvith clear skies, hot sun and srvimrning trunks, but NO rvind and NO race! Still, rve r.vould at least end up witl-r a good tanl This gave me the cl.ranceto wande r round, talk together, look at the nerv ideas:rnd make notes of peoples wishes. On checking the main boats currentlv used in Europe the class does now seem to be lavouring Zieglenrayer, Nautivella and K.D. Inoticed-where have the Parkers gone?

Increasing wind

z0l

On the Tuesday there was cloud, occasional sun and increasing wind. At last we could race - perhaps even make two races. After several general recalls for race one the men finally got under way with the Norwegians leading, chased hard by the Dutch. Winners were Kristoffer Spone and Niklas Skovly o[ Norway. the Swedish sailors Magnus Lundgren and Urban Lagneus finishing second and in third the Kouwenhoven twins from Holland. The womens fleet had a great race with Ives Bohn and Babine Rohatzsach from Germany winning after a closely fought contest with Jennifer Lidgett and Addy

N o n v e g i a n sf l c r m a n j o h a n n e s s e nt t n c l Pal McCarthy After rr loug and vcry patient rvait the \VL)nlclralsr'rgrtt arval' rvith a brillirrntstrrt anclccrtainlv tl-rebcst of the reglttrr.Tliis racc *rrs n'ou b1'thc L.ISSR tearr-r oI l{trsl:rnaTirranrrnd Svetlanrt G l c k s en , r v i t h s ec o n d p l a c e g o i n g t o Pcglr'Harclu,igcrand ChristiirnaPinnorv o[ Germanv anci t]rircl placc once :rgrrin to Debbic Jan'isanclRosicTnbe trf thc U . K . R a c i n c t h a t d a y fi n i s h e c la t I 0 o'clock at night and, o{ course. tht:rc we re great proble n]s u'ith prLrtestsaucl t h e m e n s s t a r t .T h e l n t c r n a t i o n a l j u r y l i n a l l l ' g o t t o b e d a t ' l . 3 0 a r na n d s t i l l in true tcrms the mens second racc should l'ravcbeer-rresailcd,but r.vasn't, rvith thc .juri' not taking r hearing liom a rcport b1' the lntcrnationirlc. I leel thc 470 class rcalll' must pick i t s ' o w n . j L r r i e sw h o u n d e r s t a n do u r ' class ancl its' rules ancl sailors.

Final Showdown

sailors to the fore front with Risto and Markko Tapperwinning from Ronald Renschand TorstenHaferland of G e r m a n ya n d t h i r d p l a c eg o i n g t o

On Thursday there was no wind a g a i n ,b u t p l e n t y o f h o t s u n , s u n bathing and morc ice-crearns and drinking!l The sun tans were coming along very r.ricely anyway! On Friday two races were sailed and the final showdown took place on Saturday - overall results are published. On the whole it was a good championship despite some difficulties. It would be very i n t e r e s t i n gt o h e a r y o u r v i e w s a n d c o m p a r e t h c r n .w i t h a v i t ' w t o i m p r o v i n g f u t u r e r e g a t t a s ,b u t p l c a s er e m c m b c r t t r b c L ( ) n s t r u c t i v en ( r t rr,rde!Many Thanks. Colin Brewer Vice President

+ 7 0 T l N l E s I s 5 LI I \ O \

l99l

World Rankirg list f99f

Thisyearsranhinglist regattas,dates& qualityfactors

National Championship Brisbane Australia Midwinters Fort Lauderdale USA

6/r-r5/l

r/2-3/Z

1,00

16/6-19/6

I,20

22/6-30/6

4/2-B/2

New ZealandNationals Stanmore Bay,New Zealand

1.00

30/6-3/7

23/2-2/3

XVIth International Spring Cup [-a Grande Motte, France

r,30

18/7-2r/7

I,l0

t9/7-27/7

1,00

19/7-5/B

r,00

3/B-rB/8

1,10

t0/8-rr/B

1,20

t7/8-23/B

ro0

26/8-3r/8

1,50

5/9-9/9

r,l0

28/9-30/9

I,l0

Sept

1,00

29/9-5/r0

L,l0

| / r o _ 4 / 1' ,

1,00

)n/11_)\/rr

4/3-B/3 r0/3-16/3

r0/3-r5/3 19/3-23/3

2r/3-30/3 2r/3-30/3 13/+-20/1 23/4-25/4 2/ >->/ >

r0/5-t2/5 15/5-r9/5 17/ 5-r9/5 r8/5-20/5

Settimanadi Genova Italy Ski Yachting Cannes Cannes,France Athens Eurolymp Week Greece Settimana Velica Int. Roma Anzio. Italv Trofeo Princesa Sofia PalmaMaliorca.Soain Sochi International Regatta Sochi, USSR Semaine Olympique de France Hydres,France Criterium lnternazionale Marina di Carra. Italv Danish Olympic Spring Regatta Koge Bug,Denmark Rijeka Regata Rijeka, Yugoslavia Thllinn Week Tallinn, Estonia,USSR Balaton Cup Balatonfiired, Hungary Goldener Pfingstbusch Kiel, FRG Spa Regatta Medemblik, Holland

I,l0 ! att

The ranking list will be computed accordingly to the following formuia: Pb:lx1:ox

(s-x)

+:o;

r</r r )r /r )

IL''L/

->a/11 1t /ta . I

L L - J L /

L L

;

United Kingdom

Kieler Woche Kiel-SchilkseeFRG SwedishChampionship Malmo, Sweden Intervela Riva del Gardq ltaly Travemiinder Woche Lubeck,FRG Preolympics Barcelona Soain Pan Am Games Havanna,Cuba Benelux Championship Brouwerhaven,Holland CORK Kingston, Canada Junior World Championship Damp, Germany Int. Polish Championship Poland Israel Open Championship Israel North American Championship Richmond, Canada October RegattaAlexandria Alexandria, Egypt O l y m p i cW e e k Enoshima.Japan JaPan4T0Championship Enoshima,Japan 470 WorldChampionships brlsbane Australla Christmas Race ralamoS, )parn

I.'1)

I.r)0

r,00 r,00

I,IO

1,00 I,I0

1,20 1.00 1,00 I,20

r.00 I , t5 I,l0 1,50

I,30

2. Computing example There were 82 starters in a regatta (five races,worst scored excluded).

1. I-egendand explanatory comments'

Crew XX won the regattawith a score of 25.7 points. Creu, \Y scored 161.0points and want to know the number of points obtainable under the system.

P6 : ranking list points

: 1.70(quality factor)

: quality facror

: 4 (five races minus worst score)

: number of negativepoints for the ficticious worst place in the raceseries(this is a competitor who startedat least once during a regatta).

: 82 (number of starters)

(S-xl)

S:(s+6)xz s

: number of starters

: number ofyachts scored

: negative points obtained by a crew

: total negative points of the winner of the regatta.

AII races are scored according to the olympic scoring system.

S :(s+6)x1 :(82+6)x1 :352 352-16l.0 + ,0) Pb : 1.70x (50 x 35)_- 25.7 : 1.70(50 x 5.585+ 50) : 79.27x L70 Pb : tl+Js: rankinglist pornrs

Minimum participation: 15 starters

+70TrMESISSUE + NOV r99l

9 t-

Pre Olympics Barcdona

q) Ir l H,

470 Men Final Results- Top30

n -

z -<

IS 12

ISR

Brokman, S. Brokman, G.

1 4I 5 9 ]DNC 93.00 8.00 0.00 10.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 60.00 zz 16184312 3.00 3.00 22.00 24.00 8.00 5.70 18.00 83.70 134722668 19.00 8.00 13.00 3.00 32.00 rr.70 I4.00 100.70 t23105101614 18.00 5.70 16.00 10.00 16.0022.00 20.00 t07.70 6514681916 11.7010.0020.00 11.7014.0025.002200 rr4.40 52619471411 10.0032.00 25.00 8.00 13.00 20.00 17.00 125.00 t32 113251115 0.00 38.00 17.0038.00 10.00 17.002r.00 r4r.00

J 321r

JAP

Tbutsumi, T. Gutsumi, N

26 12 3 26 DSQ 15 5 32.00 18.00 5.70 32.00 60.00 21.00 10.00

F t2464

Ponthieu, O. Espinassg G,

IS 14

Shental, R. Shental,N,

E 7519

Caiafat,J. Sanchez,E

L 113

D IOB

Riber, H. Pilegaard,J

N lIO

Sletten, N. Sandtory L.

KZ 167

H 10,11

Kouwenhoven,B. Kouwenhoven,J.

SR 37

Tyniste,T. Tyniste,T.

f Y I

N I12

NOR

Johannessen,H MacCarthy, P

K 706

Brotherton, N Hemmings, A.

s 292

Lundgren, M l-agneus,U.

us 1669

Reeser,M. Burnham, K.

Korhonen,

134.70

186.70

138.70

183.00

r42.oo

194.00

148.00

187.00

148.00

199.00

149.00

192.00

150.00

2r2.OO

152.00

203.00

157.00

192.00

157.00

218.00

158.00

197.00

158.00

210.00

162.00

21s.00

169.00

E 1688

Martinez, L. Wood, J.

BLI

Schneider, V Schneider, A

19 13 17 27 29 31 33 39.00 23.00 33.00 35.00 25.00 19.00 40.00

Natorp, P Natorp, K.

KZ t54

oE 41,4

L II5

Nakagawa,N. Nakamura,A Greenwood,C. BilgeaJ. Binder,C. Piso.M. Antonac, M. Glavina, D.

Y14 FIN

Tapper,R. Tapper,M

M I5I

Nyari, G. Nyari, Z.

273s223547184 33,00 41.00 28.00 4r.00 53.00 24.00 8.00 27 20 B 3 DSQ DSQ 31 5.70 60.00 60.00 37.00 26.00 14.00 33.00

KC 599

Cochranq NEckard,J.

28.00 28.00 0.00 23.00 47.00 60.00 60.00

D 111

175.70

2836171012521 34.00 42.00 23.00 46.00 18.00 10.0030.00 16 2t 25 29 27 13 19 )5.00 22.00 2700 31.0035.0033.00 19.00 24 29 9 IoPMS 7 43 15.00 16.0060.00 13.0030.00 35.00 49.00 1830293318720 24.00 36.00 35.00 39.00 21.00 r3.00 26.00 233+204214287 29.00 40.00 26.00 48.00 20.00 34.00 r3.00 3783219271040 43.00 14.00 38.00 2500 33.00 16.0046.00 2r 13 PMS t0 43 36 11 17.00 19.0060.00 16.00 49.0012.00 27.00

JAP

1528183132535 21.00 34.00 24.00 5.70 19.00 3r.00 41.00

Chocian, M. Staniul, Z.

J 2805

126.70

PZ 507

StavenuiteqJ Stibbe E.

DEN

NS:DNS;NC:DNC;

PM:PMS;

103.00

186.70

t4 i5 15 L4 23 35 DNC 20.00 2I.00 2L00 20.00 29.00 41.00 60.00

HOL

93.00

rr9.40

Rensch,R. Haverland, T.

Newlands, P.

89.40

179.40

G 4640

Buckley,G.

85.70

B25RETDSQ323 14.00 3I.00 60.00 60.00 5.70 3.00 5.70 gPMS 24 16 Z 24 t7 30.00 15.00 60.00 22.00 3.00 30.00 23.00 PIvIS 31 2 IDND 9 6 60.00 37.00 3.00 15.00 0.00 60.00 1I.70

Eldrid, P Beashel,A.

H l00l

Ball, G. Griffiths, G.

68.70

118.70

KA 285

NZL

59.70

178.70

176282242128 23.00 n.70 34.00 28.00 48.00 8.00 34.00 207 t28353326 26.00 13.00 18.00 14.00 41.00 39.00 32.00 3227132340231 38.00 33.00 19.00 29.00 46.00 29.00 0.00 293330132t222 35.00 39.00 36.00 19.00 27.00 28.00 3.00 2120811443122 27.00 26.00 14.00 r7.00 50.00 37.00 28.00 10 23 24 15 r7 36 25 16.0029.00 42.00 30.00 21.00 23.00 31.00

K 7I9

Jarvi,J.

33.00

RE:RET; NF:DNF;

22 DI:DSQ;

17 _11 P^ri9Pllq

DN:DND;

YM:YMP;

123.00

170.00 214.00

174.00 I75.00

235.70

175.70

216.00

PP:PCTC.PCNAIIY

+7rr TrMES lSSLiE+ NOV l99t

Pre Olympics Barcelona 470 WomenFinal Results- Top29

t (t tJJ tY.

a -

Z r325ll72r 0 . 0 0 5 7 0 3 . 0 0 1 0 . 0 01 7 0 0 1 3 0 0 2 7 0 0

Bover, N Martin, I

7abelI,T. Guerra,P

E ITOO II

G 45]5

I I

PMS411 3418 36.00 8.00 17.00 5.70 8.00

Adlkofer, K

1,, I

l1 4 8.00 20.00

0.00 14.00

IDNF 5 3 7 0.00 36.00 10.00 5.70 13.00

K 70)

Rees-Jones,S Carr, S.

us 1691

Isler,J Healy,P

3liBr013B1 5.70 17.0014.00 16.00 1900 1,+.00 0.00 PMS 12 r.0 I I tl 2_ 36.00 18.0016.00 15.00 0.00 17.00 3.00

F 12494

Lebrun, F Barrq O.

PMS79IB263 36.00 13.00 r5.00 2,1.00 3.00 11.70 5.70

Shige,Y Kinoshita, A Hardwige4 P. Rohatzsch,S.

8177121026 r4.00 23.00 13.00 18.0016.00 3.00 rr.70 25 3 2 DSQ 5 7 9 i3.00 3r.00 5.70 3.00 36.00 10.00 15.00

J 3120

JAP

G 46LI

52.70

92.70

56.70

85.70

66.70

r05.00

69.00

r08.40

72.40

98.70

75.70

113.70

77.70 80.40

PMS15673415 36.00 21.00 11.70 13.00 5.70 8.00 21.00

116.40

SR12

USR

Moskalenko, L Pacholchik, E.

DSQ2L2tB1327 36.00 3.00 18.00 0.00 14.00 19.0033.00

123.00

rr7.70

62251614105 I1.70 28.00 10.00 22.00 2000 1600 10.00

KA 25}

Lidgett, J Bucek,A

J 3250

Adachi, M Uwo, Y.

13B17479rB 19.0014.00 23.00 8.00 13.00 15.0024.00 1223419919+ 18.0029.00 8.00 25.00 15.0025.00 8.00

I 3BB4

Quarro,M. Barabino,A

N IOB

Andercen

116.00 99.00

9IIB6RET2419 15.00 0.00 24.00 11.70 36.00 30.00 25.00

141.70

105.70

Kristlansen,T

11 l0 19 DNF t2 t2 16 I7.00 16.00 25.00 36.00 18.00 18.00 22.00

t52.00

116.00

H 1038

Kramer, W Stavenuiter,H

1613t48171623 22.00 19.00 20.00 14.00 23.00 22.00 79.00

149.00

120.00

L IO5

l-aike, K Slunga, A

N lt4

Danielsen,K. Kristiansen,B.

5rB1517212tl2 r0.00 24.00 21.0023.00 27.0027.00 r8.00 150.00 PMS 13 DSQ rB 5 6 t7 159.70 36.00 10.00 19.00 36.00 rr.70 21.00 23.00 1462014152024 20.00 r1 70 26.00 20.00 21.0026.00 30.00 15+.70 1892122231714 166.00 24.00 15.00 )7.00 28.00 29.00 23.00 20.00 22 11 20 15 25 15 21 171.00 21.0027.0028.00 r7.00 26.00 21.00 31.00 2262620162820 175.00 3.00 32.00 32.00 )6.00 22.00 34.00 26.00

NOR

K 7tl

GBR

Jarvis,D Tribe, R.

D 102

DEN

Ward, S. Ward, M

F t2+84

KZ I5B

D 103

Aulnettq V Maus,M. Fqnnt

DEN

Shearer,J Madsen,S. Halfdan.M

21 14 13 t7 24 16 DNC 23.00 3000 22.00 36.00 30.00 2000 1900

123.00 123.70 t24.70 137.00 140.00 141.00

t80.00

t44.00

179.00

149.00

185.00

152.00

Stamper,P McClean,S.

l0 19 24 21 22 22 19 25.00 25.00 30.00 27.00 28.00 28.00 16.00 23 23 26 23 II l0 27 16.0033.00 29.00 29.00 32.00 29.00 17.00

Liener, S

13 lB 26 DNC 22 t6 27 28.00 22.00 33.00 19.00 24.00 32.00 36.00

194.00

158.00

HUN

Csorech,I. Turcsanyi,K.

20 25 24 19 25 22 20 26.0026.00 31.0030.0025.00 3100 28.00

197.00

166.00

KC 555

CAN

Lugar,J. McClean,M

27 )6 2l 28 28 t5 25 27.00 34.00 34.00 21.00 31.00 33.00 32.00

212.00

178.00

KB4

BER

Walker, E. Butterfield,L

27 DNC DNC PMS DNC 29 DNC 36.00 36.00 35.00 36.00 33.00 36.00 36.00

248.00

212.00

Srbova, R. Dobnerova,R.

CZ] KC 575

CAN

Z T32B

S\M

M IOT

N S : D N S ;N C :

; F : D N F ;D I : D N C ;P M : P M S ;R E : R E T N

D S Q , D N : D N D ;Y M :

rV. -

89.70

r28.00

JAP

rh lY I

SwansonJ Sertl,C.

Bacchiega, A. Pavesi, F

88.70

USA

r 3939

us 1656

Y M P ;P P : P e r cP e n a l t l ' z)

470 TIMES ISSUE+ NOV I99I

9 :- r -J

(t)

EuropeanChampionship

fr I

MensFinal Results- Top30 470 Bergen-I,Jorway

rv. A Fl

z Herman HonrJoha Pal McCarthy

F l-

Benny Kouwenhove Jan Kouwenhoven Wolfgang Hunger Rolf Schmidt

H l04l

.h lr'l 4

G 4533

D1ll

Paul Natorp Klaus Natorp

s 292

Magnus Lundgren Urban l-abneus

73P

tl 73P

69.70 T2

77.00

79.00

83.00

73F

87.00

88.40

GER

Ronahl Rensch Torsten Haverlan

H IOOI

HOL

John Stavenuiter Erik Stibbe

HangJ/rgen Ribe Jesper Pilegaard SampsaKorhonen Jyrki Jarvi Ribto Tapper Markko Tapper

L 113

t7 r0

73P

21,

H 1037

K 706

N lll

NOR

Kristoffer Spone Niklas Skohy

B 1194

BEL

Johan Bellemans Dirk Bellemens

_t)

SR37

ToomasTyniste Tonu Tyniste

73P

HOL

Rik Wolters Wouter Deutz

Paul Brotherton Andy Hemmings

HOL

Willem Schutte Dran Schutte

r 3895

ITA

Gianfranco Noe Geppi Cojano

Olivier Ponthieu Gilles Espinasse

_t'i

H 1039

HOL

Z T332

Areno Van Bergey Jan Bos Jodak Wicki Andreas Frey

SR5

USR

PeterSaraskin PaavoPettai

G 4662

GER

Martin Fuchs Eckhard Zwicker

G 4620

GER

BrietzkeJurgen Ekkehard Schulz

K 682

SteveIrish Andy Rice

s 258 G 4683

oE.+14

PZ 507

K 7T6

IS12 NS:DNS;

97.70

t2 IIl.00 I5

73P

t5 15

Christian Binder N,larcus Piso

POL

Marek Chocian Zozistam Staniul

J+

Jol-rnMerricks RobertWilson

7)P

73P

DI:DSQ;

133.00

r34.00

73D

NF:DNF;

1u.00 t23.70

Shimshon Brokman Guy Brokman

96.70

130.00

Christian Halm Alexander Halm

NC:DNC,PM:PMS;RE:RET;

1,+ I7

] L

Jan Bergstr/m Mattias Alk GER

H IOI8

F L2161

| ta

74.70 II

G 4640

D 108

60.79

135.00

139.70

r40.00

r42.00 1,14.00 r47.00

1s0.00

153.00

L'+

r55.00

r66.00

DN:DND;

40 YM:YMP;

PP:PCTC.PCNAIII,

+7[r TIMES lS-qLrE + NOV l99I

EuropeanChampionship

n :r -

(h Ir I F

Bergen-I,lorwayWomensFinal Results- Top30

tv. FI

A Fl

z Teresa Zabell Patricia Guerra

I-arisa Moskalenk Alena Paholchick

SR 12 K 7I]

DebbieJawis Rosie Tribe

N14

NOR

Karin Danielsen BeateKrislianse

G 46TI

GER

PeggyHardwiger Christiana Pinno

KA 251

GER

Ines Bohn SabineRohatzsh

G 4666

GER

SusannePeters Wibke Bulle

SRI

USR

Ruslana Taran SvetlanaGlekben

G 4575

GER

H IO3B

HOL

z t3z8

N lOB

E 1695

F 12473

SR 56

L IO5

FIN

Katri l-aike Anna Slunga&ll

43P

K 702

SeverineRees-Jo Sue Carr

43P

G ,1315

GER

Susanne Meyer Katrin Adlkol'er

,+3()

G 4676

GER

Stefani Wagner Christina Erfurt

G 4575

GER

TanjaStemmler Sabinel^ankmann

Nathalie Fevre Fredereque Fevre

SusanneWard MichaelaWard

S 268

G 4572

NOR

FRA

DEN

Maria Nelson Helena Strang

GER

34 43F

I7 l8

77.70

79.70 83.00

CHZ

Renata Srbova Radmila Dobnerov

43P

90.70

93.00

r06.00

rl4.00

43F

+3P

43Q

+3P 22

J-)

12I.00

2-5

r33.00

r52.00

D S Q ;D N :

l2l 00

1s0.00

D N C ;P M : P M S ;R E : R E T N ; F : D N F ;D I :

r20.00

StephaniePomin Fabienne Rosier

43R

FRA

u8.00

144.00

Cecile Ponthieu Sophie Biecheler

F 12,+83

4lo

Ildiko Cs/rech Kinga Turscanyi

95.7

1,7

HUN

N S : D N S ;N C :

13P

M 101

83.00

Anette Schulz Susanne Bergmann

Elizabeth Walker Jane Worrallo

tv.

57.00

Ida Kathrine Tonje Kristianse

Veronique Ravet Marie-Claire Yri

-f r ' l

56.70

Tiruli Orb Liis Uustalu

F 12,+01

43P

Muria Bover lrene Martin

K 659 CZl

.|1

49.70

Urbula Gatzi BerenaLiener

F I)432 D 102

48.10

G ,1650

+3F

Jennifer Lidgett Addy Bucek

Nicola Birkner Birgit Hahnkamm Wilma Kramer Henneke Stavemet

4r.70

D N D ;Y M :

r52.00 r54.00

DNF

136.0

158.00

Y M P ;P P : P e r cP e n a l t y

(h :- r

Spu Regatta

tt) fr I rv.

Medemblih.470 Men Final Resulfs- Top 28

A -l

z iF -

G 4533

GER

Hunger Schmidt

ffr

L IIZ

FIN

Leskinen Aarnikka

fr I

tv. -

s 292

Lundgren l-agneus

s 288

Begtsson Nystrom

Cochrane Eckard

KC 52I

CAN

K 706

Brotherton Hemmings

L ]15

FIN

Thpper Tapper

NOR

Sletten Sandtow

N 112

NOR

Johanneson McCarthy

E 1549

Calafat Sanchez

G 1616

GER

K 7I5

Pinnell Simpson

H 1001

HOL

Stavenuiter Stibbe

F 2464

Kaiser Trrrq<

Bellemans Bellemans FRA

Ponthieu Espinasse

Buckley

K 695

Newlands

ts 15

Eldar Eldar

r 3895

Noe' Cojana

H 1037

HOL

Wolters Deutz

J 2805

JAP

Noboru Aklhito

PZ 507

Chocian Staniul

F 2449

l-anier Casparini

H l0l8

HOL

D 111 27

J 2937 L 113

JAP

DNF

70.0

89.0

89.7

11 tl

95.7

13 5Z

27 18

tt7.7

tI9.0

'tJ

DSQ

r38.7

DSQ

Nator Natorp

Nakamura Takaki

)_4

Korhonen Jarvi

DNS : Did Not Start

L28.7

I34.0

DSQ

PMS : PrematureStart

127.4 35

RET

114.0 I17.0

lr0.0

DSQ

DNF : Did Not Finish

Schutte Schutte

YMP : Yacht Material Prejudiced

N IIO

B 1194

Tyniste Tyniste

SR37

5r.7

Rensch Haverland

G 4640

r39.0

148.0

157.0

157.0 159.0

r59.7

DSQ

r6r.00

I63.00 164.00

DSQ : Disqualified

RET : Retired

DNC : Did Not Compete

+70rIMEslsslrF + Nov leel

n -

.rpa Regattl

ct--

-l

D (t) Ir I

Medemblil?.470 WomenFinal Results- Top28

A -t

Z E 1700

LabelI Guerra

F 2194

FRA

Brun, le Barre

G 4666

GER

Peters Bulle

E 167T

Bover Marti

SRl

14.0 to

DNF

Tdran Oleksenko

DSQ

SR 12

Moskalenko Pacholchik

DSQ

us 1691

Isler Healy

DNF

G 4650

GER

Bohn Rohatzsch

b +).2)

GER

Birkner Hahnkamm

K 702

N IOB

NOR

J 3120

JAP

F 2484

J 3093

l0 II

Aulnette Maus

YMP PMS

Saito Hirotsu

G 4676

GER

Wagner Erfurt

H 1O3B

HOL

Kramer Stavenuiter

Basalkina Gaponovitch

J 3250

JAP

Muneko Yoko

DNF

D 103

DEN

Madsen Haltdan-Nielsen

F 2473

FRA

Ravet Yrieiz

DNF

E 1458

Leon Via-Durfresne

I 3869

Bacchiega Pavesi

KC 532

Johnson Normand

L 105

FIN

t7 32

DNF

laike Slunga-Taliberg

DNF : Did Not Finish

63.7

t4 )2

68.4 75.8

83.7

90.0

91.7

93.0

).2

98.7 16

r03.0 104.0

Ward Ward

YMP : Yacht Maerial Prejudiced

62.7

r07.0

I13.0

120.0

DNF

123.0

r24.0

127.0

137.00

)"5

Srboova Dobnerova Nelson Strang

S 268

DNF

SR9

CZI

57.7

6r.7

DEN

YMP

Yumiko Kinoshita

JAP

D 102

H. -

57.7

Tuuli Uustalu

55.7

66.0

Rees-Jones Carr Andersen Kristiansen

SR 56

I|l \J rYI

PMS : PrematureStart DNS : Did Not Start

29 25

r39.00

r42.00

DSQ

r43.00

DSQ : Disqualified

RET : Retired

DNC : Did Not Compete

+7rr TIMLs lSSLrE+ NO\ l99l

:u,

Junior Wbrlds

F 'l -

Final Results- Top30 1991YouthWorldChampionship

A -

z F

Martinez, L.

c 1688

Wood,J.L. Koch, M. Grandq H

G-4619

42.00

fr I

tv -

| 3897

ITA

r 3860

16 24

ITA

Bruni,F Bruni,G

SR 7I

USR

Braslavets,E. Oleksenko,S

PMS

Zukerman,E Tarfati,O.

E 1656

Folch,D. Folch,A. Ortyl,K. Gutkowski,Z

PZ 450

POL

KZ 169

NZL

Fraser L. Newman. L.

AP 1679

AND

Raoon,D. Martinez,A

L IOl

FIN

Posti,D. Matilainen,P

J 2682

JAP

Takagi, K. Itabashi,T

sR78

KZ I53

F 12+78

N41

HUNG

Majthenyi, S. Domokos, A.

K 708

GBR

Lea,J. Saunt,T

J 3rr4

JAP

Hamazaki,E. Shida,I.

NZL

Powilieit,E, Powilieit,E.

r 3940

ITA

Perazzo,M Cappe G.

F 12381

FRA

Philipot, T Philipot, P

37 DSQ

SR17

DSQ

Charoubin, D. Syromakha, P

J 2803

JAP

Nakaoura,S. Koji, L

G 4630

GER

Brozio, A. Gieseler,M.

79.00

PMS

DSQ

PMS

15 I4

r0r.00

r06.70

t26.70

DNF

r3r.00

DNF

r33.00

r46.00

PMS

87.00

99.00 IO

'tz

81.00 81.70

80.70

87.40

G 4629

Sarnowski, G. Spirydon, P

DSQ

POL

71.70

DNF

Rowlands,A Stechean,M

PZ 509

DsQ

POr

PZ 506

6s.00

l'7

Bassalkina,A. Gaponovitch,N.

60.70

sR9

r 39t2

58.00

66.40

Pugi, K. Raidma, R.

Oterq A. Quiroga,J Trevisanato,P Rell A. Kacprowski,P Najaola,R.

David, S. Langlois,J.

E 1690

DSQ

Paoletti,M. Boldrini, P

I 3937

ts lt2

Bodoni, L. Bodoni, M

r47.00

r61.00

DND

147.00

DNF

r64.00

165.00

,tJ

167.00 21

PMS

25 30

DNF

170.00 L77.OO

PMS

NS:DNS; NC:DNC; PM:PMS; RE:RET;NF:DNF; DI:DSQ; DN:DND; YM:YMP; PP:Perc.Penalry

+70 TIMES ISSUF

Open Nordic

(h rV, A F-\

IY I

Denmark- Top30 F.rrlts 1gg1.Svendborg, Championship

Johannessen, H McCarthy, P

N 112

s 288 L 113

FIN

N 110

29.0

14.0

29.0

r9.0

r1.7

10.0

34.0

lB0

Risto Thpper Marko Tapper

D lll

DEN

Poui Natrop Klaus Natrop

| 3943

ITA

Cassinari Giovanni Cassinari Daniele

s 264

S 258

t6 t7

Marcus Westerland Kristian Hansson

170 13.0 22.0

J/rgen Hurtig Frederik Astrand

r1.7

S 285

ClaesGregart Martin Andersson

D10

Shane Fookes Grant Griffiths

L 111

s 267

StaffanAsplund PetterAspiund

24.0

L 104

Olli Posti Pellewo Matilainen

40.0

L t07

Pasi Flinkman Anitti Niiniranta

s 289

Johan Olesen AndreasOlesen

NS:DNS;NC:DNC;

13.0

48.7

10.0

3.0

Katri l-aike Anna Slunga Tallberg

21.0

27.0

r0.0

53.4

tr.7

72.7

r4.0 17.0 16.0

87.0

19.0

r5.0

94.0

19.0 57.0ts i7.0 25.0

20.0

30.0

22.0 57.0U 28.0 57.OrS 23.0

3r.0 57.0TS 24.0

27.0

19.0

)5.0

t0.0

25.0 24.0

28.0 57.0U 24.0

33.0 57.0TS 16.0 2r.0

25.0

260

ul.0 112.0

21.0

122.0 t27.0

17.0 57.0rS 27.0 33.0

34.0

I10.0

lB.0

rB.0 57.0TS I9.0 t5.0

t01.7

1t0.0

)3.0

57.0TS

101.0

r09.7

21.0 4I.0

24.0

154.0 156.0

164.0

36.0 57.0U 26.0 57.0U 22.0

29.0

29.0 57.0tS 57.0U

165.0

Karin Danielsen BeateKristiansen

42..057.W5

3r.0

34.0

29.0

165.0

Perazzo Marco Cappe Giacomo

r9.0 37.0 37.0 38.0 57.0rS 35.0

r66.0

Rami Koskinen Tomi Koskinen

+3.0 23.4

t74.0

RE:RET; NF:DNF;

DI:DSQ;

DN:DND;

*. -

97.0

Robin Boardman Vanessa Wygoon-Tongs

PM:PMS;

84.7

31.0 24.0

150

Lincoln Fraser Lian Newmann

L91

13.0

23.0 2r.0 57.0U

Fredrik Hansson RichardJ:trdemar Pontus Karemo Filip Karlemo

ITA

5.7

31.0 20.0

S 286

r 3940

\7.0

160

150

NU4

5.7

Jan Bergstrpm MattiasAlm

GBR

47.0

35.0

K 707

Hans Jprgen Riber lesper Pilegaard Per-AndersJohansson TomasBerg Raimo Selen Markku Karava

15.0

r3.0 57.015 15.0

FIN

KZ 169

3.0

17.0

L 109

FIN

3.0

18.0 t I . 7

L 105

46.4

5.7

SWI

0.0 57.0u

32.0

s 253

45.7

Kristoffer Spune Niclas Skovly Mats Elf Niklas Bengtsson

s 263

13.0 1 1 . 7

8.0

14.0

DEN

f, F rr'l t-

130

8.0

D IOB

J4.4

flr

16.0 I4.0

S\ME

14.0

MagnusLundgren Urban Llgneus

s 271

SWE

0.0

14.0

FIN

N lll

t.0

Bj/rn Bengtsson Johan Nystr/m SampsaKorhonen Jyrki Jarvi NjXi S. Sletten Leif G. Sandtom

L 115

s 292

210

32.0 57.0rS YM:YMP;

PP:PCTC.PCNAIIY

.+70TIMES ISSUE+ NOV l99l

(t)

Calendar

H l-l

D a) H

-199 6 Provisional Dates1991

& -,i

F ? I H L -

Hdsinki Regatta Helsinki, Finland

30/r-r/2

14-16/6

National Championship Helsinki, Finland

2-8/2

Ski-Yachting Cannes,France

15-16/6

RIISA Barrington, RI USA

APr. t4-16/2

Open

Euroll'rnp Hayling Island, UK

12-22/2

Midwinter ch. Fort [.auderdaie,USA Sail the Gulf '92 Daha, Quatar

Open

23-28/6

Kieler Woche Kiel, Germany

l-ate Feb

Carnival Race Platja de Aro, Spain

30/6-3/7

Int. Swedish Championship MalmO Sweden

r-7/3

Spring Cup St. Maximq France

30/6-2/7

Waves Vancouveq Canada

8-r3/7

EUROPEAN CIIAMPIONSHIP Bergen,Norway

16-r9/6

r3-r5/7

Intervela Riva del Garda, Italy

19-27/7

Travemunde week Travemundg Germany

27-3/8

Pre Olympics Barcelona,Spain

3-18/8

Pan Am Games Havana,Cuba

r5-18/8

Open Nordic Charnpionship Svendborg,Denmark

17-23/B

CORK Kingston, Canada

w/M

Open

)-7la

Genova Week Genova,Italy

17-2r/3

Rome Week Anziq ltaly

19-22/3

Ski-Yachting Riva del Garda,Italy

Open

US Olympic nials Newport Beach, USA

w/M

Hyeres 01. week Hyeres, France

w/M

16-19/4

Prices Softa Cup Palmade Mallorca, Spain

w/M

24-29/4

WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP Cadiz, Spain

w/M

B-r0/5

Criterium Marina di Carrara, ltaly

Open

6-18/4

wc w/M

CanAm regatta Miami, USA

6-rL/4

7-r0/5

JUNTOR WORLD CHAMPTONSHTP Damp (40 km N Kiel), Germany

Den.0l.Spring Regatta Arhus, Denmark

14-24/5

Danish Championship Ega,Denmark

IYRU World Wornen SC Livorno, Italy

27-3r/5

6-9/9

Race week Marblehead,MA USA

SPA regatta Medemblik, Holland

w/M

6-8/6

22-28/9

Pffngstbush Kiel, Germany

W/M

fYRU Womens Championship Long Beach,USA

n-t7/6

EUROPE\N CHAMPS Nieuwpoort, Belgium

w/M

28/9-r/r0

Master World Championship Isola de Elba, Italy

rz-r4/6

Helsinki Regatta Helsinki, Finland

Open

5-6/r0

Int. Kehraus Regatta Steinhude Germany

2r-26/6

Kieler Woche Kiel, Germany

w/M

25/r0-2/rl

Asian Regatta Hong Kong

27/7-3/8

OLYMPIC GAMES Barcelona, Spain

w/M

29/rr-8/12

Int. Classes Regatta Auckland, New Zealand

8-r0/8

Thllin Regatta Tallin, Estonia

Open

r0-r2/n

South Pacific Championship Brisbang Australia

13-16/B

Open Nordic Chanpionship Espoq Finland

Open

WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP Brisbang Australia

18-23/8

JUNIOR WORLD CHAJITPIONSHIP Espoq Finland

Open

Christrnas Race Palamos.Spain

6-12/9

26-3r/B 29/8-r/e

15-2t/12

t992

t99l 7-9/6

z7-3r/12

WORLD MASTER Hungary

+70 TIMES ISSUE+ NOV T99I

9 t-.'i p

r995

1993

(t)

earlyJuly

WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP France

early August WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP Canada

earlyJune

EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSHIP Neusidlersee, Austria

June

JUNIOR WORLD CHAMPIONSHTP Italy 19-24i6

Mediteranean Games l-a Grande Mottq France

19-26/6

Kiel Week Kle1,Germany

z - z / o - J|/

EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSHIP Greece JUNTOR WORLD CTTAMPIONSHTP Germany

2_r/30-7

PRE OLYMPICS Savannah,USA

January

early August WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP Hanko, Finiand June or July

2I-30/7

EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSHIP Robel,Germany

WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP Porto Allegrq Brazil

OLYMPIC GAMES Savannah,USA JUNTOR WORLD CHAMPTONSHTP Estonia

The International 470 Class 4.70m . 4.+4 m. r.68 m. 0.15m .

Length waterline: Beam: Draft:

Draft centerboard. down: Weight: all up (minimum) barehull

1.05m. 120 r(g. 92 Kg.

Mast:

6.78 m.

Boom: Pole:(maximum) Spinnaker

2.65 m. 1.90 m.

Mainsail:

3.58 sq.m.

Jib: Spinnaker:

9.12 sq.m. 13.00sq.m.

The 't70 TIMES needyour contributions for future editions. When sendingarticlesplease(whereverpossible)supply photographsto complementthe written word (black and white prints would be preferable).However,colour shots are useful for the cover and soecial features. The Editor 470 Times Michelle Brerver 21 QueenElizabethChase Rochford SS4tJJ England

A -

z # F -

fr I

JUNIOR WORLD CHAMPTONSHTP Hungary

Length overall:

tv. F

EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSHIP United Kingdom

r994

r996

Baltic Games

fr I

We are also in need of advertisersfor future issues. If you or your company wish to take advantageof our generousrates then pleasecontact: Colin Brewer T h e ' 1 7 0T i m e s 123 Imperial Avenue Maylandsea EssexCM3 6TT Tel +44 62\ 7+1377 Fax *44 621851359

tv. -

+70 TIMES lSSLlE4 NOV rg9l

Pre Olympics Barcelond,Summer7997

l. General discussion(Tanya Stemmler)a fishetmansfnend? 2. A final tune-up. 3. 470 Sailorsgetyoungeretery day! 4 & 5. This is the placeto be nextyear! Picturedare of Holland who tooh 7stplacein the Bâ&#x201A;ŹelKouwenhoven mensand Nuna Boverand IreneMartin who tooh the womenstop spotfor.Spain.