By Conor
Table Of Contents Pg 1 Ice Ravines........................................................ Glaciers Pg 2 Layers................................................................ Glaciers
Pg 3 Cave Men........................................................... Ice Age Pg 4 Mammoths......................................................... Ice Age Pg 5 Ice Mummies...................................................... Ice Age
Pg 6 Islands of Ice ..................................................... Ice Bergs
Pg 7 Glossary........................................................ Information Pg 8 About the Author........................................... Information
Work Cited "Perito Moreno Glacier." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 01 Sept. 2014. Web. 22 Jan. 2014. "BrainPOP - Animated Educational Site for Kids - Science, Social Studies, English, Math, Arts." BrainPOP - Animated Educational Site for Kids - Science, Social Studies, English, Math, Arts. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2014. "Pics." Crystal Blue Ice :. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Jan. 2014. "Stunning Complete Woolly Mammoth Tusk with Custom Stand." Fossil Realm. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2014. "BABY MAMMOTH PHOTO: Milk, Feces Part of Calf's Diet." National Geographic. National Geographic Society, n.d. Web. 27 Jan. 2014. Clark, Liesl. "Ice Mummies of the Inca." PBS. PBS, 22 Nov. 0098. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. "Mummy - Crystalinks." Mummy - Crystalinks. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.
Top 10 Famous Mummified Bodies." Listverse. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. "Atoms." Atoms. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014.
Modern cats, and Prehistoric.
Publishers Issuu
Ravines Ice ravines are cracks on a glacier made by the stress of the ever moving glacier. They can be over 1 mile deep and are very dangerous when you fall in one you are most likely to de of the fall and if you don't die like that you will die of hypothermia. its impossible to get out of a ice ravine alive (unless the ravine is tow meters deep).
snow layer
Man climbing up an ice ravine
Ice ravines usually have a layer of snow covering the ravine thats what makes ice ravines so dangerous because the snow covering looks like the rest of the ice on the glacier except its not solid so if you step on it you will fall into the abyss.
Blue ice
Snow covering everything including ice ravines
Layers Glaciers have many layers. The 1st is snow. The second is ice slush ice slush is half melted snow so it like a slushy you and i drink at a local gas station. The 3rd is ice slush mixed with solid ice chunks. The 4th is solid ice. and the last is blue ice. blue ice is extremely blue ice and its the hardest ice in the world blue ice is what makes a glacier slide it lies on the bottom of a glacier and when it melts a little it gets slippery and slides thus allowing the glacier slide.
Snow
Ice slush Ice chunks solid ice blue ice
Ice bergs are the perfect way to show glacier layers
Cave men Cave men appeared 2 million to 40,000 years ago they lived in what was called the stone age because it was the first time stone tools were used to make life easier for them.!Scientist have a theory that cave men started using stones by hurling them at the enemy one stone chipped and got sharper and the cave men realized that the sharper something is the more damage it does. That discovery lead to the making of knifes to the making of bows to the modern day iron tools.
Cave painting
Early spears
Sahelanthropus Tchadensis
The first cave man ever was called Sahelanthropus Tchadensis and unlike its ape ancestor it was Bipedal to witch meant it walked upright. The species had a secret to survival and that was being adventitious witch means that they could sense danger and know when to give up on something and when to keep trying.
Mammoths Mammoths were a type of mammal but part of a family called Mega Fauna, Mega Fauna means really big animals. They were a main source of food during the ice age and if cave men could find them they would try to kill the mammoth because mammoths were a treasure chest to them it served as oil food clothing, but most of all warmth. Now mammoths are extinct but they left clues to there existence like bones and fossilized teeth and don't forget perfectly preserved bodies of mammoths.
The baby mammoth Layuba is over 40,000 years old
Grooves in the mammoth teeth
All mammoths are Herbivores witch means something that only eats plants. Mammoth teeth had big grooves set into there teeth witch help grind the plants it eats into a paste so they could digest it better. Mammoths normal diet is probably mostly grasses, leaves, and occasionally seeds. This is where the mammoths tusks come in when the snow covers the grasses and things the mammoths eat the tusks are used to scrape the snow off to expose the good stuff for the mammoth. so if theres lots of snow the mammoths can still survive
Ice Mummies Ice mummies are mummies that got preserved in ice or got frozen before it started rotting. Think of it this way you take a leg of chicken (or any other meat) and put it in the freezer and take another piece of meat and leave it some where that no one will disturb it (but not in the freezer) and leave the meat alone for a few days. Then go back to it and see what happened. The one in the freezer should be unaffected and rock hard the other piece should be rotten and should smell bad. its because the cold preserves the meat and makes sure bacteria does not destroy it.
This is a child found in a cave high up in the mountains
This mummy was found in a frozen lake
Scientists are trying to reconstruct his face Animals can also be ice mummies
Islands of Ice Ice bergs are very dangerous (to ships that is). If a ship hits a ice berg its most likely going to sink. Like the Titanic the Titanic sunk on April 14 1912 killing more then 1,500 people. the reason was not because of the ice berg but because the Titanic didn’t have enough life boats.
Even little ice bergs can do damage
Ice bergs fall of glaciers some times huge chunks as big as apartment buildings (and twice as tall) will fall into the ocean and float around like A overly large ice cube. Ice bergs can have ice caves
Ice bergs are extremely unstable and are sometimes known to tip and fall on ships and kayaks. The worst thing to do is to walk on a ice berg because like a glacier it has ice caves and sometimes cracks covered by snow so you could fall in and hurt yourself another danger is that the ice berg will go under and plunge you into freezing water that could kill you in a few minutes (because its so cold).
A ship compared to a glacier
Glossary Abyss-Darkness. Adventitious-Something that can sense fear. Bipedal-Something that can walk upright. Blue Ice-The strongest and bluest ice in the world. Extinct-The whole species of one animal is gone. Fossilized-Turned into stone or minerals. Glaciers-A river of ice that moves 1 to 2 feet a day. Grooves-Dips and impressions on a flat surface. Herbivores-Something that only eats vegetation. Hurling-Throwing something with all your might. Hypothermia-when your systems stop working. Ice Bergs-A big chunk of ice floating on water. Ice Ravines-A big crack in a glacier. Ice Slush-Half ice half water. Kayak-A canoe like boat. Mega Fauna-Really big animals. Plunge-Dumped into something. Preserved-Protected from rotting. Sahelanthropus Tchadensis-The first human. Slippery-No grip. Titanic-Biggest ship ever to fail. Tusks-Long teeth that grow out of the upper lip. Unaffected-Unchanged.
About The Author
Conor was born in 01/31/2003 in Florida Coral Springs. he lives in China currently but has a home in Chattanooga Tennessee. In his spare time he likes to go in the forest and lie and bike on the bike trails. He enjoys looking at things under a microscope and he likes science and space.
Atom
Microscope
Moon